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Thickness and Extent of Saline Cambrian Reservoirs in the Ohio

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Thickness and Extent of Saline Cambrian Reservoirs in the Ohio Th ickness and extent of saline Cambrian reservoirs in the Ohio region are partially Mark T. Baranoski, Ohio Geological Survey controlled by the underpinning Precambrian complex and paleotopography ABSTRACT Stop 2. Revised Sub-Knox nomenclature is based on continuous cores tied to electric logs. Stop 3. Base map showing Mt. Simon isopach and extent Charts show lithostratigraphic characteristics, proposed stratigraphic model, and revised nomenclature for the Sauk Sequence units in with selected electric logs with density cutoff s. Updated maps of the Precambrian complex (Granite system. Th e redefi ned Mt. Simon pinches out along Ohio and the surrounding region. Relatively short electric logs demonstrate Precam- Rhyolite and Grenville Provinces and the East Con- the northern portion of this arch. Along the south- brian paleotopography. Note absence of electric CHART SHOWING MEGASCOPIC, PETROGRAPHIC, AND ELECTROFACIES CHARACTERISTICS OF THE OHIO SAUK SEQUENCE LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC UNITS 100 tinent Rift Basin) unconformity surface in the Ohio ern portion of this trend, the Mt. Simon thickness Relative electrofacies geophysical log response (estimated mean value) X-ray diffraction of samples from selected wells Thin section point count A = Aristech well; P = Power well log data where Mt. Simon is not present. BP = Lima core; CWM = DGS Seneca Co. core 9 gamma ray units = density units = spectrometer units = photoelectric carbonate clay carbonate clay region are essential when selecting potential sites for thins to the east, grading laterally with mixed clastic- Unit name Generalized lithology and bedding API relative natural calculated grams/cc API % K relative quartz feldspar others quartz feldspar anhydrite others Correlation Depth Porosity units = barns (dol.+ cal.) minerals (dol.+ cal.) minerals GR MD Posted geophysical log radiation relative to fresh water presence to K, Ra, Th 80 ² 2.40 0 GAPI 200 CO2 sequestration into saline Cambrian reservoirs. carbonate Conasauga Group facies. An ENE-trend- Knox Dolomite dolostone—light to medium to dark gray; low high medium na 1% BP 1% BP 95% BP 3% BP na na na na na na na 2.40 to 2.55 massive to medium bedded; locally, vuggy, 7 glauconitic, arenaceous, shaley, wispy to 2.55 to 2.68 Regional structural features and paleotopography ing shoulder of the Rome Trough formed another laminated, nodular, rip up clasts NPHI 0.3 V/V -0.1 Conasauga Group, dolostone and limestone—light to medium low to medium medium to high medium na na na na na na na na na na na na 60 RHOB Maynardville gray; thin to medium and wispy bedded; locally, 2G/C33 controlled depositional facies and basin architecture regionally extensive paleotopographic barrier to Mt. Formation glauconitic, arenaceous, nodular, rip up clasts PEF 50 0 barn/e 10 Conasauga Group, shale and dolostone—medium to dark gray to high low low to na na na na na na na na na na na na PEF ² 2.4 of the proto Illinois-Michigan and Appalachian Ba- Simon deposition. Following Mt. Simon deposition, Nolichucky black; laminated to interbedded, to thin to medium Formation medium and wispy bedded; locally, fossilferous, glauconitic, arenaceous 40 sins and Rome Trough. Th ickness and extent of po- the stable Ohio Platform developed, which was dom- Conasauga Group, dolostone—light to medium gray; thin to low high medium na na na na na na na na na na na na 2,600 F5 marker Maryville Formation medium to massive bedded; locally, % gross mineralogy bioturbation, glauconitic, arenaceous, nodular, 3 tential Cambrian reservoirs have been redefi ned with inated by cyclical mixed clastic-carbonate sediments anhydrite, rip up clasts Sandusky Formation quartz arenite to subarkose to siltstone to medium to high low to medium medium na 24% DGS 30% DGS 42% DGS 1% DGS 3% apatite, 28.8% A 33% A 28.8% A .5% A .8% A na 20 (proposed dolostone—variable color: light to medium gray (cyclical response) (cyclical response) (cyclical glauconite, 20.7% P 37.8% P 32.3% P 4.63% P 2.1% P updated regional correlations and maps of Cambrian of the Eau Claire Formation and Conasauga Group. new name) to pinkish gray to dark gray to light brown to response) pyrite DGS reddish brown to white; interbedded to thin to medium to massive to wispy to cross bedded; 10 2,650 sub-Knox units for the Ohio region. Th e Mt. Simon Th e redefi ned sub-Knox of the Ohio region illustrates cyclical; bioturbation; feldspathic, arenaceous to dolomitic; locally pelloidal; glauconitic, paleosols, shaley, anhydrite, rip up clasts 0 Sandstone was deposited in an area limited to west- that the Mt. Simon is not the regional basal “blanket Eau Claire Formation quartz arenite to subarkose, shale, siltstone, medium to high low to high medium high .025 to .098 46% BP 36% BP 10% BP 8% BP na na na na na na na dolostone and limestone—variable color: light (cyclical response) (cyclical (cyclical units (mean .065) to medium gray to pinkish gray to dark gray to 40 to 190 API units response) response) 4.0 BP Clays ern Ohio and the adjacent proto Illinois-Michigan sandstone” as traditionally mapped. Th e term San- light brown to reddish brown to white; (mean 140) BP 2.25 to 2.75 to 4.9 units interbedded to thin to medium to massive to units (mean (mean 3.5) BP A Carbonate Aydrite 70 F4 marker wispy to cross bedded; cyclical; bioturbation; 2.55) BP Tqtz Basin. Th e eastern limit of the Mt. Simon is redefi ned dusky Formation is introduced to clear up correlation glauconitic, rip up clasts Total feldspar Ohio Platform Mount Simon quartz arenite—white to light gray to red to low to medium low to medium 2.45 low 1.8 to 2.2 low .05 to .04 units 86% BP 10% BP na 4% BP na na na na na na na Sandstone upper purple; medium to massive to cross bedded; 20 to 100 API unit to 2.60 units units (mean (mean .065) BP 9cioto Co., OH, BP Chemical, Lima, OH, Mount along a broad NNW-trending Precambrian paleoto- problems with the Mt. Simon, Eau Claire, and Co- bioturbation, rip up clasts (mean 50) BP (mean 2.5) BP 2.0) BP Sandusky Formation Simon Sandstone Mount Simon quartz arenite to arkose to shale, siltstone— medium (cyclical low to medium low to medium low to medium .01 to 86% BP 10% BP na 4% BP na na na na na na na Sandstone lower white to light gray to red; interbedded to thin to response) 40 to (cyclical response) (cyclical .06 units (mean .045) 768, Wood Co., WV, BP Chemical, Lima, OH, Eau pographic arch (exposed Laurentian craton), which nasauga. Th e redefi ned units will aff ect mapping of medium to massive to wispy to cross bedded; 140 API units 2.45 to 2.60 units response) BP Sandusky Formation Claire Formation 7 locally conglomeratic, cyclical, bioturbation, (mean 90) BP (mean 2.5) BP 2.0 to 3.0 units rip up clasts (mean 2.5) BP extends in the subsurface from an area north of present potential reservoirs and show that the thickest, best- F3 marker basal arkose quartz arenite to arkose to shale, siltstone— high low to high na na na na na na na na na na na na na white to light gray to red; interbedded to thin to medium to massive to wispy to cross bedded; Histogram showing the gross mineralogy day western Lake Erie, southward to the Ohio River, developed reservoirs are located below the 2,500 foot locally conglomeratic, cyclical, bioturbation, rip up clasts of Mt. Simon, Eau Claire and Sandusky from and the northwestern Rome Trough boundary fault minimum depth required for CO2 sequestration. Precambrian highly variable—quartz, arenite, granite, variable variable variable na na na na na na na na na na na na 2,800 rhyolite, gabbro, schist, mnarble, diorite, amphibolite, granodorite, anorthosite XRD and point counts using core data from BP Chemicals (1991) and Heald and Baker (1977). Data is useful for a empirical compar- F2 marker Chart shows distinguishing characteristics of the Sauk Sequence units in Ohio. Previous workers have inconsistently carried Up- Killbuck ison of quartz dominated Mt. Simon on the 2,850 per Mississippi Valley and southern Central Appalachian Basin surface nomenclature into the Ohio subsurface with deep test wells. Mountain Stop 1. Major tectonic elements aff ecting Cambrian deposition. west and mixed clastic/carbonate of the Eau Note the petrographic and geophysical log similarity of the Sandusky and Eau Claire Formations, which is in contrast with the Mt. • Precambrian Provinces: Eastern Granite Rhyolite, East Continent Rift Basin, Grenville Claire and Sandusky across the state. Simon. Utica • Ohio Platform, Rome Trough and Rome Trough High Mountain 90 • Proto Illinois-Michigan and Appalachian Basins F1 marker ATTY TAATAT T W AYA AAAAA 1 1 Limestone Precambrian/Paleozoic AA AUTAA AKU T TU VÒTÓ WAT TU contact exposed Dolomite 9 A EON ATAT Mt. Simon/base of Sandusky TA SERIES YT T Q Grenville Front/GFTZ WT& T& WTAK TAT& TA AT& UTAT& TATKY& AJATKY& UTAT &AJATTA AJATA OH AJATA&WV AJATKY&WV TWTWV Allochthon boundary Subarkose and dolomite thrust ÒÓ A WK Western central meta- Shale WT MIDDLE sedimentary belt KA Shale, siltstone, sandstone 300 ? boundary thrust zone Grenville Province, AZYA igneous and VA Nd pre-1,600 eastern K metamorphics limit continental crust W Eastern Granite Rhyolite AAA Beekmantown dolomite Granite ? ? ? Rose Run ity surface Rose Run sandstone Rift zones q AAT Rhyolite Grenville Grenville domains 3 Chart shows Sauk Sequence Ohio nomen- Conformable surface Province beneath Paleozoic unnamed ss Correllative surface & East cover clature modifi ed from Janssens, 1973. Copper Ridge dolomite Discontinuity Parry Sound T K High TAAU Continent TROUGH dolomite U K ? Facies change/ ÒÓ Rift Basins lithostratigraphic extent 300 Trough ROME A Rome E Paleotopographic high X P A ÒÓ ? ÒKÓ K ÒÓ ÒÓ .
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