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Home , Brassfield Formation, Conasauga Formation, Dayton Formation, Kerbel Formation, Knox Dolomite, Mount Simon Sandstone

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MISCELLANEOUS INVESTIGATIONS SERIES MAP I-2264 U.S. GEOL.OGICAL SURVEY ROME TROUGH ALLEGHENY STRUCTURAL FRONT SESE -- WEST HINGE ZONE D'D' Thrust fault underlying Broadtop Imbricate thrust fault in Broadtop Thrust fault underlying Bergton-Crab block of Shumaker and others (1985); block of Shumaker and others (1985); Run block of Shumaker and others 15-20 mi shortening (Jacobeen and 1-5 mi shortening (Shumaker and oth- (1985); 4-5 mi shortening (Shumaker ers, 1985) and others, 1985) A-A' Kanes, 1975; Shumaker and others, 7t 1985) 6t Exxon No. 1 Bean 8t Shell Oil Company 4 Hardy Co., W. Va Shell Oil Company No. 1 Whetzel NW Tie with No. 1 Greenland Lodge Rockingham Co., Va. Occidental Petroleum Corp. Grant Co., W. Va. (Restored to original

D data) unpub. Ryder, (R.T. No. 1 Burley position; bed thick- (Restored to original position about Marshall Co., W., Va (Restored to original position; nesses not corrected 25-30 mi southwest of Allegheny struc- bed thicknesses not corrected 3 5 for dip) tural front (Shumaker and others, 1985)) 2 McCormick Phillips Petroleum Company for dip) FEET FEET Parker and Chapman FEET 2000 5000 No. 1 Birney No. A-1 Finch 0 1 No. 1 Troyer Harrison Co., Ohio Marion Co., W., Va DISCUSSION Deep Well Pollution Control Corp. Holmes Co., Ohio LOWER FEET No. D-1 Empire Reeves Steel Div. FEET

VIRGINIA INTRODUCTION Richland Co., Ohio FEET 5000 10,000 WEST VIRGINIA

2000 WEST VIRGINIA FEET PENNSYLVANIA Cross section D-D’ featured in this map is the second in a series of restored stratigraphic cross WEST VIRGINIA 0 PENNSYLVANIA Tuscarora Sandstone ora Sandstone sections drawn by the author to show the stratigraphic framework of and FEET Tuscar 3000 6000 rocks across the Appalachian basin from Pennsylvania to . A second reason for drawing 10,000 Juniata 1000 R these cross sections is to better define the structure of the block-faulted basement rocks Juniata R R Formation OHIO in the Appalachian basin. The first cross section in the series, section E-E’ (Ryder , 1992), is Formation R R R 6000 R situated 10 to 90 mi (16-144 km) south of section D-D’ (see fig. 1). Section D-D’ is about 215 mi WEST VIRGINIA 11,000 R R Medina Group G R stone (344 km) long, and eight drill holes, 10 to 52 mi (16-83 km) apart and 5,081 to 17,111 ft (1,549- 3000 G R G R R Oswego Sand UPPER 5,215 m) deep, constitute the control (see fig. 1 and table 1). None of the eight drill holes bottomed 1000 R Packer shell of Pepper ? G Oswego Sandstone ORDOVICIAN in crystalline basement rocks of Proterozoic age. Drill holes 6, 7, and 8, located at or east of the and others (1953) 4000 7000 Allegheny structural front, were restored from 5 to 30 mi (8-48 km) southeastward (fig. 1) to Juniata Formation 11,000 G 3000 2000 G G Reedsville account for tectonic transport along underlying thrust faults (Jacobeen and Kanes, 1975; Shumaker and others, 1985). "Clinton" sandstone G G 4000 Shale and shale 7000 G G 12,000 of Janssens (1977) 4000 G G BASEMENT STRUCTURE Cabot Head of Janssens (1977) Queenston Shale Reedsville 2000 Shale LOWER Formation Reedsville Details of the block-faulted Proterozoic basement rocks underlying cross section D-D’ are only SILURIAN Shale 5000 B 12,000 4 8000 beginning to be understood. The basement-involved normal faults and adjoining fault blocks 3000 ormation B S metabentonite Queenston Shale B Dolly Ridge F 3 shown on section D-D’ are projected northward from cross section E-E’ (fig. 1) where basement 4 B of Perry (1964) Dolly Ridge Formation ? structure was interpreted from drill holes that bottomed in Proterozoic basement rocks (Cardwell, 2 Reedsville Shale 1 5000 1977) and from magnetic data (King and Zietz, 1978; Kulander and Dean, 1978). Because the 8000 Trenton Group Antes Shale 13,000 markermarker ofof StithStith (1979)(1979) Nealmont S metabentonite 5000 1 5 2 basement faults underlying section D-D’ are conjectural, they are shown as 25- to 75-mi- (40- to UPPER Antes Shale of Kay (1944) Trenton Group of Perry (1972)6 of Perry (1964) ORDOVICIAN Trenton Group Nealmont Limestone 120-km-) long, incomplete segments on figure 1. From northwest to southeast, section D-D’ is 3000 5 unnamed limestone 7 of Kay (1944) 7000 and Wardell Formation interpreted here to cross the following basement-involved structures: (1) the relatively stable craton 3 unnamed limestone Witten Limestone 6000 B 7 B 9000 Utica Shale 13,000 7 Benbolt Limestone in eastern Ohio, (2) the Ohio-West Virginia hinge line, (3) the Rome trough, an extensive graben Benbolt Limestone B 7 marker of Stith (1979) marker of Stith (1979) ß marker of Stith (1979) B B Peery Limestone system first identified by Woodward (1961) and McGuire and Howell (1963), and (4) the Eastern Trenton Limestone Black River Group B MIDDLE Black River Group 6000 7 West Virginia arch of Kulander and Dean (1978) (see fig. 1). Moreover, the northern end of the ? Lincolnshire Peery Limestone7 B Ward Cove Limestone ORDOVICIAN Black River Group 7 Limestone7 B B 7 Central West Virginia arch (horst) of Kulander and Dean (1978) is interpreted here to terminate MIDDLE 9000 ß marker of Stith (1979) 14,000 Limestone Ward Cove Lincolnshire Limestone ß marker of Stith (1979) 6000 Black River B B ? ? ? within several miles of section D-D’. ORDOVICIAN ? New Market Limestone DATUM Limestone ? DATUM 4000 unnamed argillaceous limestone DATUM New Market DATUM of the St. Paul Group Limestone 8000 METHODOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHIC NOMENCLATURE St. Paul 7000 10,000 14,000 Group B zone of Calv Wells Creek Formation ? ert (1964) ? ? Row Park Stratigraphic correlations between drill holes are based primarily on geophysical logs whereas of Janssens (1973) Rose Run Sandstone ? 9 Knox Limestone lithofacies patterns between drill holes are based primarily on lithologic logs described by the UPPER Kerbel Formation Knox 10,000 CAMBRIAN B zone of Calvert (1964) Dolomite 15,000 Geological Sample Log Company (Pittsburgh, Pa.). Section D-D’ has been restored to a horizontal 7000 ? datum located in the middle of the Middle Ordovician unnamed argillaceous limestone of the St. ? of Janssens (1973) Beekmantown of Janssens (1973) ? TD 10,181 ? 8 Paul Group in West Virginia. At the western end of section D-D’ in Richland County, Ohio, the 5000 ? Group of Janssens (1973) Beekmantown 9000 ? datum is located at the base of the Middle Ordovician Black River Limestone or, using local oil ? ? 8 ? ? 8000 TD 5081 TD 7360 ? Group ? 11,000 industry terminology, the base of the Gull River Formation. MIDDLE ? ? ? ? 15,000 ? ? Conasauga Formation ? ? ? Most of the stratigraphic nomenclature used in section D-D’ follows the nomenclature used by PROTEROZOIC TD=Total Depth ? ? ? ? of Janssens (1973) ? ? ? ? Ryder (1992 ) in section E-E’ (fig. 1). Existing nomenclature is preferred but in certain places ? ? 16,000 ? ? LOWER modifications and additions are recommended. The following stratigraphic investigations of the ? Cambrian and (or) Ordovician System(s) were particularly applicable to this investigation: (1) ? ? ORDOVICIAN ? ? MIDDLE ORDOVICIAN Beekmantown Calvert (1962, 1963, 1965), Janssens (1973), Stith (1979), and Wickstrom and Gray (1988) in Ohio ? LOWER ORDOVICIAN 8 1The Antes Shale was originally named in central Pennsylvania by Kay (1944) and assigned a ? Group 10,000 and (2) Wagner (1966, 1976) in West Virginia. The correlation chart (fig. 2) shows the specific 9000 12,000 Middle Ordovician age. Wagner (1966) and Ryder (1992) extended the Antes Shale into the EXPLANATION 16,000 time-stratigraphic position of the units identified in selected tectonic provinces along section D-D’ subsurface of northern West Virginia. The Antes Shale is assigned an early Late Ordovician ? Mines Dolomite Member and summarizes the nomenclature assigned to them. Moreover, for comparison, this chart shows (Edenian) age in this study and by Ryder (1992) on the basis of conodont studies and SEDIMENTARY ROCKS ? Gatesburg the nomenclature and time-stratigraphic position of Cambrian and Ordovician units in the adjoining correlations of Middle and Late Ordovician strata in the Eastern United States by Sweet and Formation10 17,000 North Mountain fault block in northern Virginia. Bergström (1976). Lithologic Modifiers Gatesburg ? 10 Dominant Lithology (Used in conjunction with Dominant Lithology) ? TD 16,512 TD 17,111 Formation 2 The Reedsville Shale is extended into the subsurface of Ohio by Calvert (1963, 1964), and middle dolomit ? ? ? upper sandy member 10,000 13,000 Ryder (1992). Sandstone Sandy e member ? ? UPPER 3 Ore Hill Limestone Member The Utica Shale is extended into the subsurface of Ohio by Fettke (1960), Calvert (1963, ? CAMBRIAN 1964), and Ryder (1992 ). These three authors assigned a Late Ordovician age to the Utica Shale. Sandstone, red Silty REFERENCES CITED lower sandy ? 4 Gatesburg10 member The Dolly Ridge Formation of the Trenton Group was originally named in outcrop of eastern Shale, gray and (or) green Argillaceous; gray and (or) green Formation Calvert, W.L., 1962, Sub-Trenton rocks from Lee County, Virginia to Fayette County, Ohio: Ohio West Virginia by Perry (1972) and assigned a Middle Ordovician age. Rader (1982) and Ryder UPPER C ? 11,000 ? Division of Geological Survey Report of Investigations 45, 57 p. (1992) extended the Dolly Ridge Formation into Virginia and the subsurface of West Virginia, R MIDDLE CAMBRAMBRIAN R Argillaceous; red ------1963, Sub-Trenton rocks of Ohio in cross sections from West Virginia and Pennsylvania respectively. The Dolly Ridge Formation in this study is assigned an early Late Ordovician Shale, red to : Ohio Division of Geological Survey Report of Investigations 49, 5 p. (Edenian) age because it correlates with the Antes and Utica Shales (see footnotes 1 and 3). ? IAN ? B ? ------1964, Cambrian erosional remnants yield oil in central Ohio: World Oil, v. 158, no. 4, p. Shale, dark gray and (or) black B Argillaceous; dark gray and (or) black 78, 80, 82, 84. 5The Trenton Group of Kay (1944) in central Pennsylvania consists, in ascending order, of the mation Elbrook For ------1965, Cambrian correlations in the Appalachians region, with emphasis on Ohio: Ontario Nealmont Limestone, Salona Limestone, Coburn Limestone, and Antes Shale. Kay (1944) G Green shale MIDDLE Petroleum Institute, 4th Annual Conference Technical Paper 2, v. 4, 11 p. assigned a Middle Ordovician age to the Trenton Group. A Middle and Late Ordovician age is G ? Dolomite ? ? ? 12,000 CAMBRIAN Cardwell, D.H., 1977, West Virginia gas development in Tuscarora and deeper formations (with assigned to the Trenton Group of Kay (1944) in this study because Sweet and Bergström (1976) ? structural maps contoured on top of Ordovician and ): West Virginia Geological 14,000 ? reassigned the Antes Shale and the uppermost part of the Coburn Limestone a Late Ordovician age. Calcareous ? 13,000 ? and Economic Survey Mineral Resources Series 8, 34 p. In this study, the Trenton Group of Kay (1944) consists of an unnamed limestone (equivalent to Limestone ? MIDD LOW Cooper, B.N., and Prouty, C.E., 1943, Stratigraphy of the lower Middle Ordovician of Tazewell Nealmont, Salona, and Coburn) and the Antes Shale. LE CAMBR ? Dolomitic ER CAMBR County, Virginia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 56, no. 6, p. 819-886. Metabentonite ? Fettke, C.R., 1960, Well-sample descriptions in northwestern Pennsylvania and adjacent states: 6 ? The Trenton Group of Perry (1972) consists of the Nealmont Limestone (correlated by Ryder, IAN LOWER Pennsylvania Topographic and Geologic Survey Bulletin M40, 691p. 1992, with the Nealmont, Salona, and Coburn of Kay, 1944) and the Dolly Ridge Anhydritic IAN ? CAMBRIAN Gathright, T.M., II, and Frischmann, P.S., 1986, of the Harrisonburg and Bridgewater Formation (correlated in this study with the Antes Shale). quadrangles, Virginia: Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Publication 60, 21 p., 1 map, ? Cherty olomite ? ? scale 1:24,000. 7 stown D ? The Lincolnshire Limestone, Ward Cove Limestone, Peery Limestone, Benbolt Limestone, ? Tom ? MIDDLE Harris, A.G., and Repetski, J.E., 1982, Conodonts revise the Lower-Middle Ordovician boundary Wardell Formation, and Witten Limestone were first named in Virginia (Cooper and Prouty, 1943). ? one unit PROTEROZOIC and timing of miogeoclinal events in the east-central Appalachian basin [abs.]: Geological Oolitic ? ? The Lincolnshire, Ward Cove, Peery, and Benbolt Limestones have been extended into West Basal sandst? INTERIOR-GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON, VA-1991 Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 14, no. 5, p. 261. Virginia by Kay (1956) and Read (1980), and the Wardell Formation and Witten Limestone have OTHER SYMBOLS ? ------1983, Conodonts document continuous to intermittent deposition across the Lower-Middle been extended into West Virginia by Read (1980). Kay (1956) and Perry (1964) applied the names ? Manuscript approved for publication October 9, 1990 Ordovician boundary – Northern Virginia to Bellefont (sic), PA [abs.]: The Virginia Journal of McGlone Limestone and McGraw Limestone, respectively, to the intervals assigned by Read Contact - Queried where uncertain ? ? Science, v. 34, no. 3, p. 172. (1980) in West Virginia to the Wardell Formation and Witten Limestone. Following Kay (1956) Jacobeen, Frank, Jr., and Kanes, W.H., 1975, Structure of Broadtop synclinorium, Wills Mountain and Read (1980), the names Lincolnshire, Ward Cove, Peery, and Benbolt Limestones have been Informal marker bed - Queried where uncertain FEET anticlinorium and Allegheny frontal zone: American Association of Petroleum Geologists extended into the subsurface of West Virginia in this study and in Ryder (1992). Moreover, the 2000 Unconformity - Queried where uncertain Bulletin, v. 59, no. 7, p. 1136-1150. Wardell Formation and Witten Limestone as used by Read (1980) in West Virginia reflect more ? Janssens, Adriaan, 1973, Stratigraphy of the Cambrian and Lower Ordovician rocks in Ohio: Ohio current usage than the McGlone and McGraw Limestones of Kay (1956) and Perry (1964) and, METERS Eastern West Virginia arch of Kulander and Dean (1978) Datum - Micritic limestone at base of Black River Limestone and near 500 Division of Geological Survey Bulletin 64, 197 p. thus, are extended into the subsurface of West Virginia in this study and in Ryder (1992). ? ------1977, Silurian rocks in the subsurface of northwestern Ohio: Ohio Division of Geol. Survey middle part of unnamed argillaceous limestone of St. Paul Group 8 Bulletin 100, 96 p. The Lower and Middle Ordovician age assigned here to the Beekmantown Group in the Kay, G.M., 1944, Middle Ordovician of central Pennsylvania: Journal of Geology, v. 52, no. 2, p. subsurface of West Virginia follows Wagner (1966) and Ryder (1992). Cored intervals in drill hole 7t 97-116. 1000 ? 9 ? Kay, Marshall, 1956, Ordovician limestones in the western anticlines of the Appalachians in West Ryder (1992) assigned a Late Cambrian age to the Rose Run Sandstone because it Normal fault - Arrow shows relative movement. Faulting offsets only Middle 250 Virginia and Virginia northeast of the New River: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. correlates with the upper sandy member of the Upper Cambrian Gatesburg Formation (Wilson, Proterozoic through Middle Cambrian rocks in the lower part of section D-D' 67, no. 1, p. 55-106. 1952; Wagner, 1966). ? King, E.R., and Zietz, Isidore, 1978, The New York-Alabama lineament: Geophysical evidence for Thrust faults of the Alleghanian orogeny - Postdate restored section D-D' 10 a major crustal break in the basement beneath the Appalachian basin: Geology, v. 6, no. 5, p. Wagner (1966, 1976) and Ryder (1992) recognized the Gatesburg Formation in the 312-318. subsurface of northern and eastern West Virginia. Subdivisions of the Gatesburg Formation 10 20 MILES 0 GR 200 ? ? Kulander, B.R., and Dean, S.L., 1978, Gravity, magnetics and structure Allegheny Plateau/western recognized in these studies are the lower sandy member, middle dolomite member and the 0 Valley and Ridge in West Virginia and adjacent states: West Virginia Geological and equivalent Ore Hill Limestone Member, upper sandy member, and Mines Dolomite Member. On Gamma Ray curve. Log scale generally from 0 to 200 API units. 01020 30 KILOMETERS Economic Survey Report of Investigation RI-27, 91 p., 3 sheets, scale 1:250,000. the basis of lithologic similarity, the Gatesburg Formation in the subsurface of West Virginia and McGuire, W.H., and Howell, Paul, 1963, Oil and gas possibilities of the Cambrian and Lower its lower sandy, Ore Hill, upper sandy, and Mines members are extended in this study into the ? Tectonic Provinces in Ohio, West Virginia, and Virginia (along section D-D') Ordovician in : Spindletop Research Center, Lexington, Kentucky, 216 p. ? subsurface of northern Virginia. East of D-D' Mussman, W.J., and Read, J.F., 1986, Sedimentology and development of a passive- to convergent- North American North Mountain margin unconformity: Middle Ordovician Knox unconformity, Virginia Appalachians: time-stratigraphic units fault block; from Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 97, no. 3, p. 282-295. modified after Ross Allegheny

? em Ohio-West Virginia Rader (1982), Harris and others (1982) Relatively stable Rome trough structural Orndorff, R.C., 1988, Latest Cambrian and earliest Ordovician conodonts from the Conococheague

80˚ Era 75˚ Eon 76˚ and Palmer (1983) craton hinge zone front and Repetski (1982, and Stonehenge Limestones of northwestern Virginia, Chapter A, in Sando, W.J., ed., Shorter lmer (1983) 77˚ Syst 79˚ 78˚ 1983), and Orndorff contributions to paleontology and stratigraphy: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1837, p. A1- 81˚ Numerical time scale (Ma) Pa Series Stage (1988) 438 A18. Palmer, A.R., compiler, 1983, Decade of North American Geology 1983 Time Scale: Geology, v. 84˚ 83˚ 82˚ Rich- Queenston Shale Juniata Formation Juniata Formation Juniata Formation mondian 11, no. 9, p. 503-504. Pepper, J.F., de Witt, Wallace, Jr., and Everhart, G.M., 1953, The “Clinton” sands in Canton, C O U N T I E S Mays- Dover, Massillon, and Navarre quadrangles, Ohio: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1003-A, 13 OHIO villian Reedsville Shale Reedsville Shale Reedsville Shale Reedsville Shale p.

448 Upper Perry, W.J., Jr., 1964, Geology of Ray Sponangle well, Pendleton County, West Virginia:

C Coshocton OHIO American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 48, no. 5, p. 659-669. Co Columbiana Cincinnatian Edenian Antes Shale Antes Shale Dolly Ridge ------1972, The Trenton Group of Nittany anticlinorium, eastern West Virginia: West Virginia G Guernsey PENNSYLVANIA FRONT Utica Shale Formation Martinsburg 41˚ Geological and Economic Survey Circular 13, 30 p. H Holmes Sher- Nealmont Formation Y ARCH Ordovician (Knox) Ha Harrison 41˚ A' 75˚ manian Trenton on Group unnamed unnamed Limestone Rader, E.K., 1982, Valley and Ridge stratigraphic correlations, Virginia: Virginia Division of

on Group on Group unconformity accord- R Limestone Limestone Limestone Mineral Resources Publication 37, 1 sheet. M Morrow Kirk- S3 metabentonite ing to Young and fieldian Trent Rader, E.K., and Biggs, T.H., 1976, Geology of the Strasburg and Toms Brook quadrangles, Mo Morgan Trent Trent FINDLA D marker marker marker S2 metabentonite Rader (1974), Rader N Noble 1 Rock- marker marker marker marker and Biggs (1976), Virginia: Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Report of Investigations 45, 104 p., 2 maps, Co Table 1. - Descriptions of drill holes used to construct section D-D' Liberty Hall Formation G landian Gathright and scale 1:24,000. R Richland 2 RAL Witten Ls. and Wardell Fm. Mohawkian

iddle Black River Group Black River Group St. Paul Gp. E RON Black- Black River Peery and Benbolt Ls. Frischmann (1986), Read, J.F., 1980, Carbonate ramp-to-basin transitions and foreland basin evolution, Middle H Ordovician St. Paul Gp. Black River Gp. Lincolnshire Limestone

Unnamed fault along M riveran St. Paul Gp. WEST VIRGINIA Permit Lithologic Cored intervals Ages of oldest rocks drilled Limestone Lincolnshire & Ward Cove Ls. and Mussman and Ordovician, Virginia Appalachians: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. M Ohio-West Virginia unnamed argillaceous ls. unnamed argillaceous ls. New Market Ls. Read (1986) Number Name Location number log (formation) Total depth (ft) (formation) Chazyan St. Paul Gp. Row Park Ls. 64, no. 10, p. 1575-1612. Ca Calhoun hinge zone STRUCTU READING P C Ha 3 Ryder, R.T., 1992, Stratigraphic framework of Cambrian and Ordovician rocks in the central G Grant ockian White- r ? ? Knox unconformity H Hardy N 40˚ 1 Deep Well Pollution Madison Township, 448 Yes1,2 5,081 Late Cambrian (Mount Appalachian basin from Morrow County, Ohio, to Pendleton County, West Virginia: U.S. 40˚ G 478 projected from sec- Geological Survey Bulletin 1839-G, p. G1-G25. J Jackson Ma 76˚ Control Corporation Richland Co., Ohio Simon Sandstone). tion D-D' of this study M Marion No. D-1 Empire Rockdale Run Shumaker, R.C., Wilson, T.H., Dunne, W.M., Knotts, Joseph, and Buckley, Rex, 1985, Chapter I- RCH Beekmantown Beekmantown Beekmantown N B A S I PENNSYLVANIA Reeves Steel Division Formation Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia sections, in Woodward, N.B., ed., Valley and Ridge Ma Marshall 4 PENNSYLVAN IA AND Group Group Group P Pendleton MARYL thrust belt: Balanced structural sections, Pennsylvania to Alabama: University of Tennessee Mo WEST VIRGINIA 1,2 Ra Randolph 2 Parker and Chapman Salt Creek Township, 1283 Yes 7,360 Late Cambrian (Rome Lower Studies in Geology 12, p. 6-35. W Wood M No. 1 Troyer Holmes Co., Ohio Formation of Janssens, Stith, D.A., 1979, Chemical composition, stratigraphy, and depositional environments of the Black

FAULT Beekmantown Group A 1973). Ibexian (Canadian) River Group (Middle Ordovician), southwestern Ohio: Ohio Division of Geological Survey ALLEGHENY 505 VIRGINIA 5 Mines Dolomite Mbr. Report of Investigations 113, 36 p. CINCINNATI A MARYL 3 McCormick No. 1 Green Township, 103 1,2 10,181 Late Cambrian? (Rose 6 Yes upper sandy mbr. Sweet, W.C., and Bergströ m , S.M., 1976, Conodont biostratigraphy of the Middle and Upper R Rockingham W 7 Birney Harrison Co., Ohio Run Sandstone). Trempea- CENTRAL AND Ordovician of the United States midcontinent, in Bassett, M.G., ed., The Ordovician System, 85˚ TROUGH ARCH VIRGINIA leauan 7t THRUST 39˚ Ore Hill 39˚ WEST VIRGINIA 1 Knox Dolomite Proceedings of Paleontological Association Symposium, Birmingham, England, 1974: 6t 4 Occidental Petroleum Liberty District Marshall 539 Yes 16,512 Late Cambrian (Gatesburg middle dolomite Conococheague Ca 77 of Janssens (1973) Limestone G H ˚ Corporation No. 1 Co., W Va. Formation). member Member Formation University of Wales Press, p. 121-151. EASTERN ARCH Wagner, W.R., 1966, Stratigraphy of the Cambrian to Middle Ordovician rocks of central and

J Formation esburg

Burley Formation esburg t D' Franco- t ? OHIO WEST VIRGINIA P 8 ? western Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania Geological Survey Bulletin G49, 156 p.

B zone of Calvert (1964) Ga esburg Formation esburg

8t Ga 1,3 nian t lower sandy KENTUCKY 5 Phillips Petroleum Winfield District, Marion 244 Yes 17,111 Late Cambrian (Gatesburg Upper ------1976, Growth faults in Cambrian and Lower Ordovician rocks of western Pennsylvania:

Kerbel Formation Ga Ra Company No. A-1 Co., W. Va Formation). Conasauga Formation member American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 60, no. 3, p. 414-427. ROME Finch Wickstrom, L.H., and Gray, J.D., 1988, Geology of the Trenton Limestone in northwestern Ohio, in E' MOUNTAIN Rome Formation of

P a l e o z i c Keith, B.D., ed., The Trenton Group (Upper Ordovician Series) of eastern North America: DOME 1 Janssens (1973) 6 Shell Oil No. 1 Union District, Grant 2 13,000 Early and Middle P h a n e r o z i c Dres- Deposition, diagenesis, and petroleum: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Studies 86˚ A C H I A N R I D G E Yes bachian 38˚ WEST Greenland Lodge Co., W. Va. Ordovician (Beekmantown Mount Simon Sandstone in Geology Series 29, p. 159-172. KENTUCK 38˚ Group) thrust over Early 523 Wilson, J.L., 1952, Upper Cambrian stratigraphy in the central Appalachians: Geological ON VIRGINIA 78˚ and Middle Ordovician Elbrook Elbrook NORTH Society of America Bulletin, v. 63, no. 3, p. 275-322. A P P A L (Beekmantown, St. Paul, Formation Formation Woodward, H.P., 1961, Preliminary subsurface study of southeastern Appalachian Interior Plateau: Y and Black River Groups). American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 45, no. 10, p. 1634-1655. LEXINGT Young, R.S., and Rader, E.K., 1974, Geology of the Woodstock, Wolf Gap, Conicville, and 7 Exxon No. 1 Bean Moorfield District, Hardy 21 Yes4 9,791-9,821 ft 16,075 Early Cambrian (Tomstown EXPLANATI ON Co., W. Va. (Gatesburg Dolomite and Waynesboro ambrian Edinburg quadrangles, Virginia: Virginia Division of mineral Resources Report of C 79˚ iddle Investigations 35, 69 p., 4 maps, scale 1:24,000. WEST VIRGINIA Axis of arch Formation) 11,047- Formation) thrust over early M ? 11,107 ft (Elbrook and Middle Ordovician ? VIRGINIA Structural front Formation) (Beekmantown Group). 37˚ Thrust fault--Sawteeth on upper plate Waynesboro B L U E 37˚ 8 Shell Oil Company Bergton District, W-1432 Yes1 14,176 Late Cambrian (Gatesburg 540 Formation Waynesboro (Rome) Normal fault--Bar and ball on relative downthrown side No. 1 Whetzel Rockingham Co., Va. Formation) thrust over Formation CUMBERLAND SADDLE Transverse fault Early and Middle ? KENTUCKY Ordovician (Beekmantown, TENNESSEE VIRGINIA Proterozoic basement rocks at surface St. Paul, and Black River TENNESSEE ? D D' Line of section (this report) Groups). 81˚ 80˚ ? E E' Line of section (Ryder, 1992) Sources of lithologic logs: NASHVILLEDOME 1Geological Sample Log Company, Pittsburgh, PA 15234. Lower A A' Line of section (R.T. Ryder, unpub. data) 2Janssens (1973). 36˚ 3Wagner (1966). Present location of drill hole used to construct 4 36˚ 3 Exxon Company, USA. sections D-D' (this report), E-E' (Ryder, 1992), A-A' ? 82˚ ?? (R.T. Ryder, unpub. data), E-E' (Ryder, 1992), and 570 Group Chilhowee Unicoi Formation A-A' (R.T. Ryder, unpub. data). Number, where ? 83˚ shown, refers to drill hole as described in table 1. Late 0 25 50 75 100 MILES 7t Location of drill hole restored along the dotted line to

NORTH CAROLINA approximately original position prior to westward tectonic 900 erozoic 0 50 100 150 KILOMETERS transport. These projected positions are shown in ?? ?

sections D-D' and E-E' Prot 35˚ iddle Metamorphic and igneous rocks of the Grenville orogenic belt M 86˚ 35˚ 85˚ 84˚ EXPLANATION

Metabentonite Figure 1. - Map of Ohio, West V irginia, Virginia, and adjoining States showing location of section D-D' and selected tectonic features. Figure 2. - Correlation chart of Middle Proterozoic, Cambrian, and Ordovician rocks along section D-D' and in the adjoining North Mountain fault block of northern Virginia. STRATIGRAPHIC FRAMEWORK OF CAMBRIAN AND ORDOVICIAN ROCKS IN THE CENTRAL APPALACHIAN BASIN FROM RICHLAND COUNTY, OHIO, TO ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, VIRGINIA By

Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this Robert T. Ryder publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endoresement by the U.S. Government 1991 For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution, Revised and Digitized By Box 25286, Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225 Robert D. Crangle, Jr. 2002