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Creating a Culture of Peace

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Creating a Culture of Peace Creating a Culture of Peace This educational resource is the result of an initiative of Project Peacemakers, a non-profit community organisation that has been in existence since 1983. Project Peacemakers, the local group of Project Ploughshares Canada, is dedicated to social action and public education to promote peace, non- violence and social justice. Project Peacemakers wishes to acknowledge the generous support of The Winnipeg Foundation and The St. Stephen's-Broadway Foundation in the production of this document. For information on Peace Education workshops for teachers and students, and for links to suggested web sites for additional materials to support peace education, please contact: Project Peacemakers 745 Westminster Avenue Winnipeg, Manitoba Telephone: (204) 775-8178 Web site: www.projectpeacemakers.org Fax: (204)784-1339 E-mail: [email protected] Links to all websites cited in this document are available on the Project Peacemakers website: www.projectpeacemakers.org Contents may be photocopied for educational purposes only. Every attempt has been made to respect copyright law and to acknowledge original sources. We wish to extend our sincere thanks to all who have contributed to this resource by providing assistance, sharing resources, or permitting us to reproduce or adapt their materials. Before you begin… Suggestions and tips for teachers • Modification of lessons and activities may be necessary to meet classroom needs. • Magazines used for cutting and displaying should be age appropriate, rich in photos and include many peoples of the world (eg. National Geographic, Canadian Geographic, Nature Magazine). • Over time, develop an understanding of vocabulary used throughout the resource (eg. Display words visually on a peace word wall). • At all times, try to be sensitive students’ home situations. • Check your library for more books about peace studies. Acknowledgements Writers: Renee Gillis, Melissa Miller Editors: Karen Burgoyne, Betty Neufeld Peace Education Advisory Committee Members: Karen Burgoyne Sister Marylyn Gibney Janice Hamilton Linda Mlodzinski Betty Neufeld Gareth Neufeld Harold Neufeld Sara Regehr Neufeld Kathleen Venema Administration and Research Support: Melinda Hall, Derrick Martens, Sara Regehr Neufeld Special thanks to: Bev Ridd Allyson Watts Project Peacemakers Board Members 2004 Eileen Marshall Manitoba Council for International Cooperation Manitoba Education Citizenship and Youth UNICEF Prairie Region Table of contents Introduction.........................................................................................................................................................i Theme 1: Peace and conflict 1.1 A peace place/corner in our class ..........................................................................................................1 1.2 I am strong.................................................................................................................................................5 1.3 Peace is like a tree .....................................................................................................................................9 1.4 What causes conflict?.............................................................................................................................13 1.5 Peace, not war .........................................................................................................................................17 1.6 What is a peacemaker? ...........................................................................................................................21 1.7 Circles of peace .......................................................................................................................................23 Theme 2: Peaceful play 2.1 Bring on the games.................................................................................................................................27 2.2 Let’s play..................................................................................................................................................29 2.3 Let’s make peace .....................................................................................................................................33 2.4 How do I play? How do I fight? .........................................................................................................37 Theme 3: Children around the world 3.1 Family journey.........................................................................................................................................41 3.2 Differences...............................................................................................................................................43 3.3 You can’t judge a book ..........................................................................................................................45 3.4 Festival of cultures..................................................................................................................................47 Annotated Resource List List of teacher resources .................................................................................................................................49 Suggested websites...........................................................................................................................................55 Recommended videos .....................................................................................................................................63 A Peace Literature Bibliography....................................................................................................................65 Appendices Curricular Connections to Social Studies Grades 1-4 ................................................................................71 Quotations about Peace and War .................................................................................................................73 Canadian Peacebuilders...................................................................................................................................89 Peacebuilders Hall of Fame............................................................................................................................93 A Timeline of Peace Events of the 20th Century.....................................................................................100 The effects of television violence: ...............................................................................................................104 Media Literacy ................................................................................................................................................106 Information for Parents: What Can You Do about Violence in the Media?........................................107 Preamble to the Charter of the United Nations........................................................................................109 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Plain Language Version) ..............................................110 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (full text)...........................................................................114 United Nations Calendar: International Days, Weeks and Years...........................................................118 Why peace education? Since war begins in the minds of men [sic], it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed. - UNESCO Founding Constitution Violence and war have deep and longstanding roots in the belief systems and cultures of many societies in this world. The 20th century has demonstrated that war, rather than diminishing in the light of the possibility of worldwide nuclear destruction, has changed in nature and in scope. Four significant factors in particular point toward the need for peace education in our schools today: 1. The increasing role of intercultural strife as a source of conflict: Current conflicts tend to divide people along ethnic, cultural and religious lines. This indicates the need for education to eliminate prejudice and to promote understanding and dialogue between diverse cultures, ethnic groups and religions. 2. Increasing numbers of intra-state conflicts, particularly in developing countries: Since the end of the Cold War, the majority of armed conflicts have been regional or intra-state conflicts. These conflicts often destroy limited resources and infrastructure, and undermine fragile social cohesion. This indicates the need for education in all countries of the world regarding the relationship between poverty, militarism, and the persistent residual effects of war. 3. More intense involvement of civilians, including children, as victims and participants in acts of violence: Modern warfare and weaponry have increased the scope and impact of war zones, involving greater numbers of civilians and children in armed conflict. Children have been recruited as soldiers through the use of propaganda and intimidation. Episodes of civilian violence and terrorism have become more varied and intense. Acts of violence are less restricted to the military and have become a more widespread phenomenon. These trends clearly point out the need for peace education as a means of overcoming learned violent behaviour, and of counteracting hatred, fear and propaganda. 4. Increased global circulation of images of violence and war through mass media: The repeated dissemination of images of violence and war has a
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