Critical Currents No.5 October 2008
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AC Vol 43 No 12
www.africa-confidential.com 14 June 2002 Vol 43 No 12 AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL ANGOLA 2 AFRICA/THE WEST Whose peace bonanza? Climbing to the summit Rich countries may help on peacekeeping and health but will offer Oil and diamonds are feeding the ruling elite, but not the hungry little to African exporters masses. Despite its wealth, the In Canada’s Rocky Mountain retreat of Kananaskis, leaders of rich countries will meet on 26-27 June government is hoping for a relief to hammer out an African action plan on trade, aid, security and development. Officials from the Group effort from donors, and the World of 8 (G-8) say their action plan will be ‘short, readable and executive’, backed by a bigger document Bank is keen to come in. detailing commitments and time-frames. It will be the rich-country response to the the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NePAD, AC Vol 43 Nos 2 & 4), under which Africa commits itself to political DIAMONDS 4 and economic reforms monitored by its own institutions, while the G-8 states open their markets, boost aid and encourage private investment. Blood from stones Few expect headlines from Kananaskis. Winding down expectations, Western officials insist that the De Beers and Botswana are real innovation is that Africa is being discussed in such detail at such a high level. Expect strong rhetorical working on a diamond certification support on health and education, peace and security but ‘realism’ on new aid commitments and debt relief. scheme but this could end up And expect very few concessions on trade reform. -
Peackeeping, Peace, Memory: Reflections on the Peacekeeping Monument in Ottawa
Canadian Military History Volume 11 Issue 3 Article 6 2002 Peackeeping, Peace, Memory: Reflections on the eacekP eeping Monument in Ottawa Paul Gough University of the West of England, Bristol, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.wlu.ca/cmh Recommended Citation Gough, Paul "Peackeeping, Peace, Memory: Reflections on the eacekP eeping Monument in Ottawa." Canadian Military History 11, 3 (2002) This Canadian War Museum is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Canadian Military History by an authorized editor of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Gough: Peackeeping, Peace, Memory Peacekeeping, Peace, Memory Reflections on the Peacekeeping Monument in Ottawa Paul Gough The Announcement In 1988, the Nobel Peace Prize was ince 1948, under the auspices of the awarded to the United Nations to mark United Nations (UN), Canada has S 40 years of international peacekeeping. contributed over 80,000 men and That same year the Department of women from all branches of the armed National Defence (DND) announced that forces to global peacekeeping. During a monument would be erected in the 1950s and 1960s, Canada was, in Ottawa, dedicated to Canadian forces fact, the greatest contributor of 'Blue that had served in peacekeeping duties. Helmet' soldiers to UN peacekeeping endeavours DND launched the so-called "Peacekeepers and became the undisputed leader in global Monument" competition in 1990, managed by a peacekeeping. Although peacekeeping was never committee consisting of representatives from the sole preoccupation of Canada's foreign policy, DND, the National Capital Commission, and Canadian politicians liked to be seen as Public Works Canada. -
International Human Rights Instruments
UNITED NATIONS HRI International Distr. Human Rights GENERAL Instruments HRI/CORE/1/Add.100/Rev.1 29 July 2005 ENGLISH Original: FRENCH CORE DOCUMENT FORMING PART ONE OF THE REPORTS OF STATES PARTIES CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC [5 June 2005] GE.05-43576 (E) 300905 071005 HRI/CORE/1/Add.100/Rev.1 page 2 CONTENTS Paragraphs Page Part One General overview .............................................................................................................. 4 I. GEOGRAPHICAL, DEMOGRAPHIC, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC INFORMATION ............................................. 1 - 49 4 A. The land ....................................................................... 1 - 3 4 B. Climate ......................................................................... 4 - 6 4 C. Vegetation .................................................................... 7 - 10 5 D. Administrative divisions .............................................. 11 - 16 5 E. The people ................................................................... 17 - 20 6 F. Economic and social situation ..................................... 21 - 45 6 1. Primary sector ...................................................... 22 - 30 7 2. Secondary sector .................................................. 31 - 33 8 3. Tertiary sector ...................................................... 34 - 39 8 4. Extreme poverty ................................................... 40 - 43 9 5. Bad governance ................................................... 44 - 45 9 G. Education .................................................................... -
THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC and Small Arms Survey by Eric G
SMALL ARMS: A REGIONAL TINDERBOX A REGIONAL ARMS: SMALL AND REPUBLIC AFRICAN THE CENTRAL Small Arms Survey By Eric G. Berman with Louisa N. Lombard Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies 47 Avenue Blanc, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland p +41 22 908 5777 f +41 22 732 2738 e [email protected] w www.smallarmssurvey.org THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC AND SMALL ARMS A REGIONAL TINDERBOX ‘ The Central African Republic and Small Arms is the most thorough and carefully researched G. Eric By Berman with Louisa N. Lombard report on the volume, origins, and distribution of small arms in any African state. But it goes beyond the focus on small arms. It also provides a much-needed backdrop to the complicated political convulsions that have transformed CAR into a regional tinderbox. There is no better source for anyone interested in putting the ongoing crisis in its proper context.’ —Dr René Lemarchand Emeritus Professor, University of Florida and author of The Dynamics of Violence in Central Africa ’The Central African Republic, surrounded by warring parties in Sudan, Chad, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, lies on the fault line between the international community’s commitment to disarmament and the tendency for African conflicts to draw in their neighbours. The Central African Republic and Small Arms unlocks the secrets of the breakdown of state capacity in a little-known but pivotal state in the heart of Africa. It also offers important new insight to options for policy-makers and concerned organizations to promote peace in complex situations.’ —Professor William Reno Associate Professor and Director of Graduate Studies, Department of Political Science, Northwestern University Photo: A mutineer during the military unrest of May 1996. -
Front Matter
Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-48867-9 — France's Wars in Chad Nathaniel K. Powell Frontmatter More Information |France’s Wars in Chad Examining the continuous French military interventions in Chad during the two decades after its independence, this study demonstrates how France’s successful counterinsurgency efforts to protect the regime of François Tombalbaye would ultimately weaken the Chadian state and encourage Libya’s Muammar Gaddafi to intervene. In covering the subse- quent French efforts to counter Libyan ambitions and the rise to power of Hissène Habré, one of postcolonial Africa’s most brutal dictators, Nathaniel K. Powell demonstrates that French strategies aiming to prevent the collapse of authoritarian regimes had the opposite effect, exacerbating violent conflicts and foreign interventions in Chad and further afield. Based on extensive archival research to trace the causes, course, and impact of French interventions in Chad, this study offers insights and lessons for current intervener’s – including France – fighting a ‘war on terrorism’ in the Sahel whose strategies and impact parallel those of France in the 1960s–1980s. Nathaniel K. Powell is an Honorary Researcher with the Centre for War and Diplomacy at Lancaster University. He holds a PhD in International History and Politics from the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID), Geneva. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-48867-9 — France's Wars in Chad Nathaniel K. Powell Frontmatter More Information african studies series The African Studies series, founded in 1968, is a prestigious series of mono- graphs, general surveys, and textbooks on Africa covering history, political science, anthropology, economics, and ecological and environmental issues. -
28 June 2008 Sharm El-Sheikh, EGYPT EX.CL/438 (XIII) INTRO
AFRICAN UNION UNION AFRICAINE UNIÃO AFRICANA P. O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, ETHIOPIA Tel.: 00251-11-5517700 Cable: AU, ADDIS ABABA Website: www.africa-union.org EXECUTIVE COUNCIL Thirteenth Ordinary Session 24 – 28 June 2008 Sharm El-Sheikh, EGYPT EX.CL/438 (XIII) INTRO INTRODUCTORY NOTE OF THE CHAIRPERSON TO THE ACTIVITY REPORT OF THE COMMISSION EX.CL/438 (XIII) INTRO TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages INTRODUCTION Part I: PEACE AND SECURITY a. Continental Architecture of Peace and Security 2 b. Structural conflict prevention 3 c. Development in the field situations 4 d. Financing of Peace Operations 12 Part II: CHALLENGES TO DEVELOPMENT a. General economic issues 14 b. Development of basic infrastructure 17 c. Accelerating Agricultural Investments in Response to High Food Prices and Food Insecurity 21 d. Upsurge in fuel prices 25 e. Science and Technology 26 f. Education and the Youth 26 g. Trade, Partenerships and International negotiations 27 h. Social Development 30 PART III: SHARED VALUES a. Democracy and elections 35 b. The rule of law and human rights 36 c. African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance 37 d. Gender Equality 38 e. Integration, combatting xenophobia and African passport 38 PART IV : STRENGTHENING OF INSTITUTIONS a. Integrating NEPAD in Union Structures 39 b. Establishment of the financial institutions provided for in Article 19 of the Constitutive Act 40 c. Strengthening the Commission 42 d. Basic Principles and Approach 43 e. Cooperating with RECs 45 PART V : CONCLUSION 45 EX.CL/438 (XIII) INTRO Page 1 INTRODUCTION 1. Today we are living in a multipolar world characterized by the establishment of huge sub-regional entities (EUROPEAN UNION, MERCOSUR, NAFTA, ASEAN….) and the advent of many emerging countries on the international scene. -
AC Vol 45 No 9
www.africa-confidential.com 30 April 2004 Vol 45 No 9 AFRICA CONFIDENTIAL TANZANIA 3 SUDAN Troubled isles The union between the mainland Mass murder and Zanzibar – 40 years old this Ten years after Rwanda’s genocide, the NIF regime kills and displaces week – remains a political hotspot, tens of thousands of civilians in Darfur – with impunity mainly because the ruling CCM has rigged two successive elections on Civilians in Darfur continue to die as a result of the National Islamic Front regime’s ethnic cleansing and the islands. Some hope that former in the absence of serious diplomatic pressure. United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan has warned OAU Secretary General Salim that international military intervention might be required to stop the slaughter in Darfur, while senior UN Ahmed Salim of Zanzibar will take officials refer to the NIF regime’s scorched earth policy as ‘genocide’ or ‘ethnic cleansing’. Yet last week over from President Mkapa next the UN Commission on Human Rights (UNOHCHR) in Geneva again refused to recommend strong year and negotiate a new settlement with the opposition CUF. action against Khartoum and suppressed its own highly critical investigation, which found that government agents had killed, raped and tortured civilians. On 23 April, the NIF exploited anti-Americanism to defeat a call from the United States and European MALAWI 4Union to reinstate a Special Rapporteur (SR) on Human Rights. At 2003’s annual session, Khartoum had successfully lobbied for the removal as SR of the German lawyer and former Interior Minister Gerhard Bingu the favourite Baum, an obvious candidate for enquiries in Darfur. -
Tonya Katherine Davidson
University of Alberta Stone Bodies in the City: Unmapping Monuments, Memory and Belonging in Ottawa by Tonya Katherine Davidson A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Sociology ©Tonya Katherine Davidson Fall 2012 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. This dissertation is dedicated to my parents Tom and Katherine Davidson. Abstract In this ethnographic study of the dynamic lives of a population of monuments in Ottawa, I argue that long after they have been unveiled, monuments are imbued with many capacities to act. Monuments inspire loathing or affection, and settle or disturb dominant understandings of place, nation, race, and gender. I suggest that monuments have these affective capabilities because they operate like ‘stone bodies’ in their urban environments. Additionally, spirited with a certain life-force, monuments have the ability to haunt, unsettling relationships between place, memory, and belonging. These affective charges of monuments are felt and expressed through articulations of imperial and colonial nostalgia, feminist and other activist mobilities and various articulations of patriotism. -
Pdf | 102.35 Kb
asdf The United Nations and Darfur FACT SHEET Background More than 200,000 people are estimated to have been killed and at least 2 million displaced from their homes in Darfur since fighting broke out in 2003 between Government of Sudan forces, allied Janjaweed militia and other armed rebel groups. Atrocities such as the murder of civilians and the rape of women and girls have been widespread and continue, under - scoring the necessity for urgent action. The UN raised the alarm on the crisis in Darfur in 2003 and finding a lasting resolution has been a top priority for the Se - curity Council and two consecutive Secretaries-General . In addition to pursuing a political solution , the UN and its part - ners are currently operating the largest aid effort in the world in Darfur and in refugee camps in Chad and the Central African Republic (CAR). In parallel, UN human rights experts have reported on abuses, and monitored efforts by local courts to bring perpetrators to justice. Under the auspices of the African Union (AU) and with support of the UN and other partners, the Darfur Peace Agreement (DPA) was signed on 5 May 2006. Intensive diplomatic and political efforts to bring the non-signatories into the peace process continue. The UN has also provided logistical and technical assistance to AU monitors dispatched to Darfur since 2004, and has developed , adapted and is now implementing plans for a multidimensional peacekeeping operation. In accordance with the decision of the 16 November 2006 High-Level consultations in Addis Ababa — attended by the former Secretary-General, five Permanent Members of the Security Council, representatives of the Government of Sudan, the AU and other States and organizations with political influence in the region, and some African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) troop con - tributing countries — the UN Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) designed a three-phased approach to augment AMIS and create an unprecedented hybrid AU-UN peacekeeping force. -
Year in Review 2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS Overview: 2007: a year of innovation, expansion and restructuring (page 1) Strengthening the Department of Political Affairs: a new focus on conflict prevention and resolution (page 5) Peacekeeping restructures to strengthen field operations (page 6) Africa: The United Nations and African Union forge a new partnership in Darfur (page 8) Slow progress for Sudan's peace agreement (page 10) DRC: a difficult year in the Kivus ends with a ray of hope (page 12) Photo essay (page 14), Combatting sexual violence: UN, government and NGOs take action in the DRC (page 16) UN works to end northern Uganda's 20-year conflict (page 17) Innovation through integration of UN efforts in Burundi (page 18) Americas: UN and national police work to New peacebuilding architecture frames support to Burundi, Sierra Leone (page 19) improve security in Haiti UN works with traditional leaders to prevent violence in Côte d'Ivoire (page 20) (page 28) Tensions build in Ethiopia and Eritrea (page 23) Europe: All-female police unit inspires Liberia's women (page 24) UN guides Kosovo on path towards Parties renew dialogue over Western Sahara while UN keeps the peace (page 26) final status (page 33) New approaches to peace process required in Somalia (page 27) Middle East: UN renews and strengthens its commitment to Iraq (page 31) Peacekeepers take innovative approach to community outreach in southern Lebanon (page 32) Asia: Myanmar: UN diplomacy in the global spotlight (page 35) Timor-Leste consolidates democracy during 2007 (page 36) Peace process challenged -
Red Army Sergeant Never Talked About Horrors Of
Volume - 2 Edition 13 Week Ending April 5, 2008 IN THIS ISSUE Red Army sergeant never · Red Army sergeant never talked about horrors of war talked about horrors of war · Visions of family for troops · The last cavalry charge · Killing Fields journalist Dith Pran dies · Vimy was a turning point; Veterans gather to remember key First World War battle · Canada's soldiers of misfortune · Veterans recall days at war, talk about Afghanistan mission · New Members Wanted for Branch 50's Colour Party · Another Executive Change · The Changing Face Of Branch 50's Executive. · TINA MARIE EMSLIE · U.K.: Veterans of all ages mark RAF's 90th Birthday. · Wounded vets get short shrift · Via Rail deal has fatal flaw, veteran says · Yes, It Was a Good War · Switzerland: Bumper Spaghetti Crop at risk of Late Frosts · U.S. veterans of Afghanistan Mission express disbelief at President George He took part in the Battle of Bush's representations about War Stalingrad and immigrated to Canada · Comments On The Flag Vote in 1992 after the collapse of the Soviet · Tories set to lose Peace Tower flag-lowering vote Union. · Lowered flag for all troop deaths opposed · Collingwood Locals Helping Wounded Warriors Peter Gitelman was a Red Army · The Red Baron flies back into role of the hero in Germany Master Sergeant who took part in the · Canada's flag should fly high Battle of Stalingrad during the Second · ALL BRANCH - A TOUTES LES FILIALES (08-007) - Half-Masting the Flag World War and who was decorated for on the Peace Tower bravery following the bloody Russian · Osteoporosis often called the silent thief offensive against the Germans that · Legion boasts many VIPs around the world claimed more than one million lives · War ID at heart of dying wish during the winter of 1942-43. -
True North Strong and Free: a Study of Canadian National Power
TRUE NORTH STRONG AND FREE: A STUDY OF CANADIAN NATIONAL POWER Colonel G.R. Smith NSP 6 PSN 6 Master of Public Maîtrise en administration Administration publique Disclaimer Avertissement Opinions expressed remain those of the author and do Les opinons exprimées n’engagent que leurs auteurs et not represent Department of National Defence or ne reflètent aucunement des politiques du Ministère de Canadian Forces policy. This paper may not be used la Défense nationale ou des Forces canadiennes. Ce without written permission. papier ne peut être reproduit sans autorisation écrite. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the © Sa Majesté la Reine du Chef du Canada, représentée par le Minister of National Defence, 2014. ministre de la Défense nationale, 2014. CANADIAN FORCES COLLEGE – COLLÈGE DES FORCES CANADIENNES NSP 6 – PSN 6 2013 – 2014 MASTER OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION – MAÎTRISE EN ADMINISTRATION PUBLIQUE TRUE NORTH STRONG AND FREE: A STUDY OF CANADIAN NATIONAL POWER By Colonel G.R. Smith “This paper was written by a student “La présente étude a été rédigée par attending the Canadian Forces College un stagiaire du Collège des Forces in fulfilment of one of the requirements canadiennes pour satisfaire à l'une des of the Course of Studies. The paper is exigences du cours. L'étude est un a scholastic document, and thus document qui se rapporte au cours et contains facts and opinions, which the contient donc des faits et des opinions author alone considered appropriate que seul l'auteur considère appropriés and correct for the subject. It does not et convenables au sujet.