DOCSLIB.ORG

Chronology of the Later Han Dynasty

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chronology of the Later Han Dynasty 8 Chronology of the LaterChronology Han Dynasty Of The Later Han Dynasty Chronology of the Later Han Dynasty 23 ad rebels led by Liu Xiu, member of the imperial clan of Former Han, defeat a major army of Wang Mang at Kunyang 昆陽 in Nanyang; Liu Xiu’s cousin Liu Xuan the Gengshi Emperor is proclaimed at Wan city in Nanyang; Wang Mang is killed as Chang’an is captured by the rebel forces of Han 25 Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu, takes the imperial title and makes Luoyang his capital Red Eyebrows rebels imprison the Gengshi Emperor at Chang’an and later kill him 26–29 Guangwu’s forces compel the Red Eyebrows to surrender, and Guangwu conquers the warlord states of the North China plain and the middle Yangzi basin Dou Rong in the west agrees an alliance with Guangwu 29 construction of the Imperial University at Luoyang 30 abolition of compulsory military service for the inner commander- ies of the empire 30–34 operations in the west destroy the warlord state of Wei Ao 29–37 operations in the north against the pretender Lu Fang, supported by the Xiongnu Shanyu Yu 35–36 operations in present-day Sichuan destroy the rival emperor Gongsun Shu; Guangwu is undisputed sovereign of a restored Han empire 37–45 defeat of Lu Fang in the north; Xiongnu attacks continue along the northern frontier, with Han forces on the defensive 40–43 rebellion led by the Zheng/Tr’ung sisters in Jiaozhi, present-day north- ern Vietnam, put down by Ma Yuan 46 death of the Xiongnu Shanyu Yu 50 the renegade Xiongnu prince Bi submits to Han and is appointed South­­ern Shanyu; resettlement of the northern frontier 56 Emperor Guangwu performs the Feng and Shan sacrifices at Mount Tai 57 death of Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu, succeeded by his son Emperor Ming 57–59 First War with the Shaodang Qiang 59 inauguration of the Three Enclosures and the Suburban Altars at Luoyang 60 appointment of the Empress Ma and of the Heir Liu Da © Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2017 | doi 10.1163/9789004325203_004 Chronology of the Later Han Dynasty 9 61 disgrace of Dou Mu and members of his family 65 first appointment of a General Who Crosses the Liao, north of the Ordos, to supervise the separation of the Southern and Northern Xiongnu Emperor Ming praises his brother Liu Ying, King of Chu, for his knowledge of Huang-Lao and his practice of Buddhism 66 establishment of the Palace School for Noble Families 67 forced suicide of Liu Jing the King of Zhongshan 69 submission of the Ailao people in the southwest 70 Liu Ying deposed for Impiety; a great purge of his alleged associates 71 Emperor Ming promulgates his Detailed Commentary Wu[xing]jia yaoshuo zhangju 73 expedition against the Northern Xiongnu 74 Dou Gu takes Jushi in the Turfan region; establishment of a Protectorate- General for the Western Regions; Ban Chao on the Southern Route of the Silk Road 75 destruction of the Protectorate-General by the Northern Xiongnu; Ban Chao maintains himself at Shule 75 death of Emperor Ming, succeeded by his son Emperor Zhang 77–101 Second Shaodang Wars 78 appointment of the Empress Dou 79–80 conference at the White Tiger Hall 82 disgrace and deaths of the Honoured Ladies Song and dismissal of the Heir Liu Qing; appointment of Liu Zhao, son of the Honoured Lady Liang, as Heir 83 disgrace of the Liang family; the Heir Liu Zhao is adopted by the Empress Dou defeat of an imperial army by the Qiang chieftain Miyu 87 defeat and death of the Northern Shanyu at the hands of the Xianbi murder of the Qiang leader Miyu; his son Mitang launches attacks in revenge 88 death of Emperor Zhang, succeeded by his son Emperor He under the regency of the Dowager Dou 89–91 Dou Xian leads an expedition into the steppe and destroys the North ern Shanyu 91 Ban Chao named Protector-General of the Western Regions 92 imperial coup against the Dou clan; Dou Xian is killed and the Dowager removed from power.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • AN HISTORICAL SURVEY from the First to the Beginning of the Fourth
    CHAPTER tWO AN HISTORICAL SURVEY from the S rst to the beginning of the fourth century AD. Fourth century Chinese Buddhism, and especially the characteristic type of gentry Buddhism which at that time T ourished on Chinese territory south of the Yangzi and which forms the main subject of our study, was the S nal stage of a process which actually must have started as soon as Buddhism made its S rst converts among the Chinese intelligentsia. We do not know when this happened. As we have said before, the S rst clear signs of the formation of an “upper class” Chinese Buddhism, of the activities of gentlemen-monks and of the penetration of Buddhism into the life and thought of the cultured higher strata of society date from the late third and early fourth century, and there are several reasons to assume that this movement as a whole did not start long before that time. However, this does not mean that this subject can be studied without constant reference to the earlier phases of Chinese Buddhism, and to the little we know about the period of incubation when Buddhism started to take root in Chinese soil, tolerated and hardly noticed as a creed of foreigners, or adopted, in a Daoist guise, as a new road to immortality. In this chapter the reader will be confronted with the main facts of the earliest phases of Chinese Buddhism. On this subject much has already been said by others, for it is a curious fact that in Chinese Buddhism no period has been studied more thoroughly than the one about which almost nothing can be known.
    [Show full text]
  • Dressing for the Times: Fashion in Tang Dynasty China (618-907)
    Dressing for the Times: Fashion in Tang Dynasty China (618-907) BuYun Chen Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2013 © 2013 BuYun Chen All rights reserved ABSTRACT Dressing for the Times: Fashion in Tang Dynasty China (618-907) BuYun Chen During the Tang dynasty, an increased capacity for change created a new value system predicated on the accumulation of wealth and the obsolescence of things that is best understood as fashion. Increased wealth among Tang elites was paralleled by a greater investment in clothes, which imbued clothes with new meaning. Intellectuals, who viewed heightened commercial activity and social mobility as symptomatic of an unstable society, found such profound changes in the vestimentary landscape unsettling. For them, a range of troubling developments, including crisis in the central government, deep suspicion of the newly empowered military and professional class, and anxiety about waste and obsolescence were all subsumed under the trope of fashionable dressing. The clamor of these intellectuals about the widespread desire to be “current” reveals the significant space fashion inhabited in the empire – a space that was repeatedly gendered female. This dissertation considers fashion as a system of social practices that is governed by material relations – a system that is also embroiled in the politics of the gendered self and the body. I demonstrate that this notion of fashion is the best way to understand the process through which competition for status and self-identification among elites gradually broke away from the imperial court and its system of official ranks.
    [Show full text]
  • From Co-Loa to the Trung Sisters' Revolt
    From Co-loa to the Trung Sisters' Revolt: VIET-NAM AS THE CHINESE FOUND IT Received 27 September 1978 STEPHEN O'HARROW ISTORIANS AND archaeologists ignore each other at their peril, but the peril is Hgreater for the historian since concrete evidence which is at odds with a par­ ticular theory of historical development will simply not go away and eventually must be taken into consideration. In some areas of inquiry more than others, history and artifact must be at each other's service because neither alone can begin to suffice. Such is the case with the 300-year period in the area of the Red River delta and adjacent Thanh­ hoa Province in northern Viet-Nam, the cradle of the Vietnamese nation, between the middle of the third century B.C. and the revolt of the Trung Sisters in A.D. 40. It is a period which poses a number of highly interesting theoretical problems for the historian and philologist, and recent developments in archaeology have contradicted older biblio­ centric and sinocentric notions (the two often go hand in hand) to the extent that a thorough reexamination is in order. As a preliminary step in that direction, this article aims at outlining the sociohistorical situation of Viet-Nam when the first extensive im­ position of Chinese power on the area began. The object of the exercise is threefold: first, to point out what I believe are certain important historical implications of recent ar­ chaeological activity; second, to suggest a few notions of a theoretical nature which might address those historical implications; and third, to set the stage for a more extensive ex­ position at a later date of the development of Viet-Nam under Chinese hegemony from the first to the tenth centuries.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Invented the Bronze Drum? Nationalism, Politics, and a Sino- Vietnamese Archaeological Debate of the 1970S and 1980S
    Who Invented the Bronze Drum? Nationalism, Politics, and a Sino- Vietnamese Archaeological Debate of the 1970s and 1980s XIAORONG HAN EVER SINCE THE BIRTH OF MODERN ARCHAEOLOGY in the nineteenth cen­ tury, nationalism and politics have been important factors in its development, and as such, archaeologists in various parts of the world have been actively in­ volved in the construction of ethnic and/or national origins and identities, the corroboration of national myths, the disputes over territories and cultural inven­ tions, and so on (Diaz-Andreu and Champion 1996; Hudson 1999; Kohl and Fawcett 1995; Meskell 1998; Pai 2000; Silberman 1989; Trigger 1984). Although it is difficult to find a single country in which archaeology is completely free from the influence of nationalism and politics, it is understandable to find that archae­ ologists operating in authoritarian systems generally have a stronger tendency to develop a close relationship with the nation-state and involve themselves in poli­ tics because of a lack of academic freedom and independent sources of financial support. Nazi Germany, early twentieth-century Japan, and pre-World War II Soviet Union are extreme examples of the politicization of archaeology (Arnold and Hassman 1995; Hudson 1999: 35, 44; Shnirelman 1996; Trigger 1989: 178­ 179; Wiwjorra 1996). In post-war Asia, archaeologists in China and Viet Nam were actively engaged in the development of a new wave of nationalist archaeol­ ogy under the encouragement and sponsorship of the state (Glover 1999; Tong 1995). ' This paper intends to study the nationalist archaeology of China and Viet Nam in the 1970s and 1980s.
    [Show full text]
  • (Sinoloji) Anabilim Dali
    TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ DOĞU DİLLERİ VE EDEBİYATLARI (SİNOLOJİ) ANABİLİM DALI ÇİN KAYNAKLARINDA TANG HANEDANLIĞI DÖNEMİ ANXİ (KUÇA) GENEL VALİLİĞİ VE ANTİK İPEK YOLU’NA ETKİLERİ Doktora Tezi Sema GÖKENÇ GÜLEZ Ankara – 2019 TÜRKİYE CUMHURİYETİ ANKARA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ DOĞU DİLLERİ VE EDEBİYATLARI (SİNOLOJİ) ANABİLİM DALI ÇİN KAYNAKLARINDA TANG HANEDANLIĞI DÖNEMİ ANXİ (KUÇA) GENEL VALİLİĞİ VE ANTİK İPEK YOLU’NA ETKİLERİ Doktora Tezi Sema GÖKENÇ GÜLEZ Tez Danışmanı Doç. Dr. İnci ERDOĞDU Ankara – 2019 ÖNSÖZ Tang Hanedanlığı Çin’in altın çağını yaşadığı ve aynı zamanda doğu ve batı arasında etkileşimlerin yaşandığı bir dönem olmuştur. Söz konusu dönemde hanedanlık stratejik konuma sahip olan Batı Bölgesi politikasında önemli stratejiler izleyerek bazı tedbirler almıştır. Nitekim Tang Hanedanlığı’nın Batı Bölgesi’nde izlediği en önemli strateji Qiuci (Kuça) merkez olmak üzere kurduğu Anxi Genel Valilik birimi olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Tang Hanedanlığı döneminde Batı Bölgesi’nde kurulan Anxi Genel Valilik birimi ve altında kurulan Anxi Dört Garnizon yapısının kapsamı, kuruluş amaçları ve Batı Bölgesi’ndeki faaliyetleri ile sonuçları ele alınacaktır. Aynı zamanda Tang Hanedanlığı’nın bölgede Anxi Genel Valilik birimini kurması doğrultusunda aldığı önlemlerin antik İpek Yolu’na etkileri incelenecektir. Tez çalışmam süresince yardımını esirgemeyerek destek olan danışman hocam sayın Doç. Dr. İnci Erdoğdu’ya teşekkürlerimi sunar, lisansüstü çalışmalarım süresince her türlü konuda destek olan ve deneyimlerini paylaşan sayın hocam Prof. Dr. Bülent Okay’a teşekkür ederim. Ayrıca doktora tez araştırması yapmak üzere bir yıllık süre ile bulunduğum Shanghai Fudan Üniversitesi’nde tez çalışma ve araştırmalarım ile kaynak tedariki konusunda yardımcı olan sayın Prof. Dr. Han Sheng hocama ve tez araştırmalarım konusunda değerli fikirlerini benimle paylaşan sayın Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • NEW YORK EDITED PAPER-Dhriti
    Fifth Century Common Era Reorienting Chinese Buddhist Monastic Tradition Redefining India-China Buddhist Monastic Relations - A Critical Study Introduction: The following paper shares the findings of an ongoing study. The study is still not complete and therefore does not yet propose a final conclusion. An abstract pattern in relation to the evolution of Buddhist monasticism along a certain trajectory, through centuries of Chinese Buddhist evolutionary history, which the study has been able to identify, has been presented here. This paper makes the proposition that fifth century CE was a distinctive period in the history of Buddhist monasticism in China, that it was a period in Chinese Buddhist history, which, owing to certain complex processes related to the gradual infiltration, permeation, adaptation, and assimilation of Buddhism into the foreign socio-cultural-political milieu of China, as against reactions over its interactions with the state and indigenous Chinese schools of thought, effected a re-orientation of the Chinese Buddhist monastic tradition and eventually redefined India-China Buddhist monastic relations. The study proposes that fifth century Buddhist monastic culture in China was influenced by certain emerging issues of the time, namely popularization of the relic veneration cult, growing interactions between the imperial house and the Buddhist clergy, permeation of Buddhist teachings into immigrant Chinese gentry circles in the south, wide circulation of apologetic and propagandistic literature, rise of messianic figures influenced by Buddhist and Daoist eschatological ideas and most importantly the institutionalization of Buddhist monastic disciplinary codes (vinaya), some of which perhaps paved the trajectory along which monasticism in China evolved through the centuries that followed.
    [Show full text]
  • Opening Essential Questions? Lesson Objectives
    Silk Road Curriculum Project 2018-2019 Ingrid Herskind Title of Lesson Plan: Silk Road: Cartography and Trade in Ancient and Modern China Ingrid Herskind, Flintridge Prep School, La Canada, CA Lesson Overview: Students will explore the “Silk Road” trade networks by investigating a route, mapping the best path, and portraying a character who navigated the route. Opening essential questions? How did the Silk Road routes represent an early version of worldwide integration and development? How does China’s modern One Belt, One Road project use similar routes and methodologies as the earlier Silk Road project? How is this modern project different? Lesson Objectives: Students will be able to: Students will also apply skills from the Global Competence Matrix and will: • Investigate the world beyond their immediate environment by identifying an issue, generating a question, and explaining its significance locally, regionally, and globally. • Recognize their own and others’ perspectives by understanding the influences that impact those perspectives. • Communicate their ideas effectively with diverse audiences by realizing how their ideas and delivery can be perceived. • Translate their ideas and findings into appropriate actions to improve conditions and to create opportunities for personal and collaborative action. 1 1 World Savvy, Global Competence Matrix, Council of Chief State School Officers’ EdSteps Project in partnership with the Asia Society Partnership for Global Learning, 2010 1 Silk Road Curriculum Project 2018-2019 Ingrid Herskind Length of Project: This lesson as designed to take place over 2-3 days (periods are either 45 min or 77 min) in 9th Grade World History. Grade Level: High School (gr 9) World History, variation in International Relations 12th grade Historical Context: • China was a key player in the networks that crossed from one continent to another.
    [Show full text]
  • Mirror, Death, and Rhetoric: Reading Later Han Chinese Bronze Artifacts Author(S): Eugene Yuejin Wang Source: the Art Bulletin, Vol
    Mirror, Death, and Rhetoric: Reading Later Han Chinese Bronze Artifacts Author(s): Eugene Yuejin Wang Source: The Art Bulletin, Vol. 76, No. 3, (Sep., 1994), pp. 511-534 Published by: College Art Association Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3046042 Accessed: 17/04/2008 11:17 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=caa. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We enable the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. http://www.jstor.org Mirror, Death, and Rhetoric: Reading Later Han Chinese Bronze Artifacts Eugene Yuejin Wang a 1 Jian (looking/mirror), stages of development of ancient ideograph (adapted from Zhongwendazzdian [Encyclopedic dictionary of the Chinese language], Taipei, 1982, vi, 9853) History as Mirror: Trope and Artifact people.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 National History Bee JV National
    NHBB Nationals Bee 2017-2018 Bee JV Final Round Bee JV Final Round Regulation Questions (1) A group that advocates this ideology laid out its founding philosophy in the Eight Historic Documents. A proponent of this political ideology, N.E. Balaram, worked to establish its principles in the state of (+) Kerala. A contemporary proponent of this ideology uses the alias Ganapathy. Advocates of this ideology were targeted by the Indian government in Operation (*) Steeplechase and Operation Green Hunt; those people are the Naxalites. For the points, name this ideology supported by Indian Marxists and Maoists. ANSWER: Communism (accept Naxalites before read; prompt on Maoism or Marxism before read) (2) This man blazed an overland route to the Montana gold fields that became known as his \Immigrant Road." This man was one of several who went to work for William Henry Ashley, who sold his company to (+) Jedidiah Smith, who sold it to this man. While at this man's namesake fort, the Donner Party was assured of the safety of the shortcut that led to their demise. As a youth, this man and John Fitzgerald controversially abandoned (*) Hugh Glass after Glass had been attacked by a bear. The Rocky Mountain Fur Company was established by, for the points, what legendary fur trapper and mountain man? ANSWER: Jim Bridger (3) An oft-photographed rock formation in Port Campbell National Park in Victoria has this name, which was also given to an IRA hit squad that targeted members of the \Cairo Gang" in the 1920s. The crippled Brazilian sculptor (+) Aleijadinho is best known for soapstone carvings of this group of people.
    [Show full text]
  • The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier
    University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations 2012 Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Wai Kit Wicky Tse University of Pennsylvania, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations Part of the Asian History Commons, Asian Studies Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Tse, Wai Kit Wicky, "Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier" (2012). Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. 589. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/589 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Dynamics of Disintegration: The Later Han Empire (25-220CE) & Its Northwestern Frontier Abstract As a frontier region of the Qin-Han (221BCE-220CE) empire, the northwest was a new territory to the Chinese realm. Until the Later Han (25-220CE) times, some portions of the northwestern region had only been part of imperial soil for one hundred years. Its coalescence into the Chinese empire was a product of long-term expansion and conquest, which arguably defined the egionr 's military nature. Furthermore, in the harsh natural environment of the region, only tough people could survive, and unsurprisingly, the region fostered vigorous warriors. Mixed culture and multi-ethnicity featured prominently in this highly militarized frontier society, which contrasted sharply with the imperial center that promoted unified cultural values and stood in the way of a greater degree of transregional integration. As this project shows, it was the northwesterners who went through a process of political peripheralization during the Later Han times played a harbinger role of the disintegration of the empire and eventually led to the breakdown of the early imperial system in Chinese history.
    [Show full text]
  • LECTURE III: Identifying Bias
    LECTURE III: Identifying Bias Kelley Swanberg October 14, 2009 Peking University Paper Format “That” vs. “which” Citations “etc.” American vs. British English • Commas • Footnotes Tense Dating Systems Concerns? Correct: The Kingdom of Wei was the Three Kingdoms- era region that was managed by Cao Cao. Incorrect: The Kingdom of Wei was the Three Kingdoms-era region, which was managed by Cao Cao. Incorrect: The Kingdom of Wei was the Three Kingdoms-era region. Incorrect: One example of such a region was the Kingdom of Wei that was managed by Cao Cao. Correct: One example of such a region was the Kingdom of Wei, which was managed by Cao Cao. Correct: One example of such a region was the Kingdom of Wei. Require footnotes and bibliography Chicago Manual of Style FULL citations required Can say “Ibid., x-y” for serial citations from same source (in footnotes only) Do NOT necessarily follow citation format of sources! Book Footnote: John Hope Franklin, George Washington Williams: A Biography (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985), 54. Bibliography: Franklin, John Hope. George Washington Williams: A Biography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985. Article in a scholarly journal Footnote: Richard Jackson, "Running Down the Up-Escalator: Regional Inequality in Papua New Guinea," Australian Geographer 14 (May 1979): 180. Bibliography: Jackson, Richard. "Running Down the Up-Escalator: Regional Inequality in Papua New Guinea," Australian Geographer 14 (May 1979): 180. Lecture: Footnote: Stacy D’Erasmo, “The Craft and Career of Writing” (lecture, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, April 26, 2000). Bibliography: D’Erasmo, Stacy. “The Craft and Career of Writing.” Lecture, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, April 26, 2000.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Article
    Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), volume 340 2019 International Conference on Education Innovation and Economic Management (ICEIEM 2019) Buddhism Exchanges in Trans-Himalaya Region: Development and Recommendations Yi Zhang Institute of Taoism and Religious Culture Sichuan University Chengdu, China Abstract—This paper attempts to explain the historical II. DEVELOPMENT OF BUDDHISM EXCHANGES IN TRANS- development of exchange of Buddhism between China and the HIMALAYA REGION Trans-Himalayan countries, as well as its positive effects on the bilateral relations between them, and give some useful A. Han Dynasty (202BD-220AD) recommendations. It argued that Buddhism has become a The initial stage of Buddhist communication between powerful cultural tie that binds the nations in the region and promotes friendship between the Himalayan states. It also China and the countries of the trans-Himalaya region was suggested that China should make further efforts to excavate started during the Han Dynasty. It is widely believed that Buddhist relics and sort out Buddhist spiritual resources on the Buddhism was introduced into China during the reign of silk road, promote the communication between Mahayana Emperor Ming of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The eminent Buddhism and Theravada continuously on the basis of seeking monk Zhu Shemoteng and the Zhu Falan arrived in Luoyang, common ground while reserving differences, encourage and translated Buddhist scriptures and carried forward Buddha support educational cooperation between China and Buddhist dharma. Since then, the number of monks who came to China universities and colleges in trans-Himalaya countries through gradually increased. She Moteng translated a volume of the expanding the friendly exchanges between youth students and Sutra of Forty-two Chapters.
    [Show full text]