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Haiti: Developments and U.S. Policy Since 1991 and Current Congressional Concerns
Order Code RL32294 Haiti: Developments and U.S. Policy Since 1991 and Current Congressional Concerns Updated January 25, 2008 Maureen Taft-Morales Specialist in Latin American Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Clare Ribando Seelke Analyst in Latin American Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Haiti: Developments and U.S. Policy Since 1991 and Current Congressional Concerns Summary Following the first free and fair elections in Haiti’s history, Jean-Bertrand Aristide first became Haitian President in February 1991. He was overthrown by a military coup in September 1991. For over three years, the military regime resisted international demands that Aristide be restored to office. In September 1994, after a U.S. military intervention had been launched, the military regime agreed to Aristide’s return, the immediate, unopposed entry of U.S. troops, and the resignation of its leadership. President Aristide returned to Haiti in October 1994 under the protection of some 20,000 U.S. troops, and disbanded the Haitian army. U.S. aid helped train a civilian police force. Subsequently, critics charged Aristide with politicizing that force and engaging in corrupt practices. Elections held under Aristide and his successor, René Préval (1996-2000), including the one in which Aristide was reelected in 2000, were marred by alleged irregularities, low voter turnout, and opposition boycotts. Efforts to negotiate a resolution to the electoral dispute frustrated the international community for years. Tension and violence continued throughout Aristide’s second term, culminating in his departure from office in February 2004, after the opposition repeatedly refused to negotiate a political solution and armed groups took control of half the country. -
REPUBLICA DE HAITI Y LA REPUBLICA DO MINICAN A
COLECCI6N DEL TERCER CINCUENTENARIO DE LA INDEPENDENCIA DE HAITI DR. JEAN PRICE-MARS LA REPUBLICA DE HAITI y LA REPUBLICA DO MINICAN A DIVERSOS ASPECTOS DE UN PROBLEMA HISTORICO, GEOGRAFICO y ETNOLOGICO TRADUCCI6N DE MARTIN ALDAO y JOSÉ LUIS Mui'loz AzPlRI Oesde el origen de la poblaci6n de la isla antillana en 1492 hasta la evoluci6n de 109 dos Estados que comparten la 80berania de la misma en 1953 TOMO II PUERTO PRINCIPE 9 5 3 Deposito legal M. 10.629.-1958 IMPRESO EN ESPAJ\lA INDUSTRIAS GRAFICAS ESPANA, S. L. - MADRID Colecci6n deI Tercer Cincuentenario de la Independencia de lIaitt DR. JEAN PRIeE-MARS LA y LA REPUBLICA DOlVIINICANA DIVERSOS ASPECTOS DE UN PROBLEMA HISTORICO, GEOGRAFICO y ETNOLOGICO Desde el origen de la poblacion de la isla antillana en 1492 hasta la evolucion de los dos Estados que comparten la soberanîa de la mis ma en 1953 TOMO III PliERTO PRINCIPE 1953 Price-Mars, Jean, 1876-1969. La república de Haití y la República Dominicana / Jean Price Mars. Puerto Principe : Colección del Tercer Cincuentenario de la Independencia de Haití, 1953. 3 v. (330, 239, 253 p.) 1. Haiti --Relations --Dominican Republic. 2. Dominican Republic --Relations --Haiti. 3. Haiti --History. 4. Dominican Republic --History. = 1. Haïti - Relations extérieures -- République dominicaine. 2. République dominicaine -- Relations extérieures – Haïti. 3. Haïti – Histoire. 4. République dominicaine -- Histoire CDD : 327.729407293 22 CAPITULO PRIMERO LAS NEGOCIACIONES DOMINICANAS CON LAS PO TENCIAS EXTRANJERAS. LA ENTRADA EN ESCENA DE LOS EST ADOS UNIDOS DE NORTEAMERlCA El 5 de diciembre de 1844. Santana, Presidente de la Republica Dominicana, acredito a José Maria Caminero en calidad de agente especial ante el Presidente John Tyler para solicitar el reconocimiento de la Republica Domini cana coma Estado independiente. -
The Election Impasse in Haiti
At a glance April 2016 The election impasse in Haiti The run-off in the 2015 presidential elections in Haiti has been suspended repeatedly, after the opposition contested the first round in October 2015. Just before the end of President Martelly´s mandate on 7 February 2016, an agreement was reached to appoint an interim President and a new Provisional Electoral Council, fixing new elections for 24 April 2016. Although most of the agreement has been respected , the second round was in the end not held on the scheduled date. Background After nearly two centuries of mainly authoritarian rule which culminated in the Duvalier family dictatorship (1957-1986), Haiti is still struggling to consolidate its own democratic institutions. A new Constitution was approved in 1987, amended in 2012, creating the conditions for a democratic government. The first truly free and fair elections were held in 1990, and won by Jean-Bertrand Aristide (Fanmi Lavalas). He was temporarily overthrown by the military in 1991, but thanks to international pressure, completed his term in office three years later. Aristide replaced the army with a civilian police force, and in 1996, when succeeded by René Préval (Inite/Unity Party), power was transferred democratically between two elected Haitian Presidents for the first time. Aristide was re-elected in 2001, but his government collapsed in 2004 and was replaced by an interim government. When new elections took place in 2006, Préval was elected President for a second term, Parliament was re-established, and a short period of democratic progress followed. A food crisis in 2008 generated violent protest, leading to the removal of the Prime Minister, and the situation worsened with the 2010 earthquake. -
Focus on Haiti
FOCUS ON HAITI CUBA 74o 73o 72o ÎLE DE LA TORTUE Palmiste ATLANTIC OCEAN 20o Canal de la Tortue 20o HAITI Pointe Jean-Rabel Port-de-Paix St. Louis de Nord International boundary Jean-Rabel Anse-à-Foleur Le Borgne Departmental boundary Monte Cap Saint-Nicolas Môle St.-Nicolas National capital Bassin-Bleu Baie de Criste NORD - OUEST Port-Margot Cap-Haïtien Mancenille Departmental seat Plaine Quartier Limbé du Nord Caracol Fort- Town, village Cap-à-Foux Bombardopolis Morin Liberté Baie de Henne Gros-Morne Pilate Acul Phaëton Main road Anse-Rouge du Nord Limonade Baie Plaisance Milot Trou-du-Nord Secondary road de Grande Terre-Neuve NORD Ferrier Dajabón Henne Pointe Grande Rivière du Nord Sainte Airport Suzanne Ouanaminthe Marmelade Dondon Perches Ennery Bahon NORD - EST Gonaïves Vallières 0 10 20 30 40 km Baie de Ranquitte la Tortue ARTIBONITE Saint- Raphaël Mont-Organisé 0 5 10 15 20 25 mi Pointe de la Grande-Pierre Saint Michel Baie de de l'Attalaye Pignon La Victoire Golfe de la Gonâve Grand-Pierre Cerca Carvajal Grande-Saline Dessalines Cerca-la-Source Petite-Rivière- Maïssade de-l'Artibonite Hinche Saint-Marc Thomassique Verrettes HAITI CENTRE Thomonde 19o Canal de 19o Saint-Marc DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Pointe Pointe de La Chapelle Ouest Montrouis Belladère Magasin Lac de ÎLE DE Mirebalais Péligre LA GONÂVE Lascahobas Pointe-à-Raquette Arcahaie Saut-d'Eau Baptiste Duvalierville Savenette Abricots Pointe Cornillon Jérémie ÎLES CAYÉMITES Fantasque Trou PRESQU'ÎLE Thomazeau PORT- É Bonbon DES BARADÈRES Canal de ta AU- Croix des ng Moron S Dame-Marie la Gonâve a Roseaux PRINCE Bouquets u Corail Gressier m Chambellan Petit Trou de Nippes â Pestel tr Carrefour Ganthier e Source Chaude Baradères Anse-à-Veau Pétion-Ville Anse d'Hainault Léogâne Fond Parisien Jimani GRANDE - ANSE NIPPES Petite Rivières Kenscoff de Nippes Miragoâne Petit-Goâve Les Irois Grand-Goâve OUEST Fonds-Verrettes L'Asile Trouin La Cahouane Maniche Camp-Perrin St. -
La Situation Politique Et Institutionnelle HAITI
HAITI 4 août 2016 La situation politique et institutionnelle Avertissement Ce document a été élaboré par la Division de l’Information, de la Documentation et des Recherches de l’Ofpra en vue de fournir des informations utiles à l’examen des demandes de protection internationale. Il ne prétend pas faire le traitement exhaustif de la problématique, ni apporter de preuves concluantes quant au fondement d’une demande de protection internationale particulière. Il ne doit pas être considéré comme une position officielle de l’Ofpra ou des autorités françaises. Ce document, rédigé conformément aux lignes directrices communes à l’Union européenne pour le traitement de l’information sur le pays d’origine (avril 2008) [cf. https://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/atoms/files/lignes_directrices_europeennes.pdf ], se veut impartial et se fonde principalement sur des renseignements puisés dans des sources qui sont à la disposition du public. Toutes les sources utilisées sont référencées. Elles ont été sélectionnées avec un souci constant de recouper les informations. Le fait qu’un événement, une personne ou une organisation déterminée ne soit pas mentionné(e) dans la présente production ne préjuge pas de son inexistence. La reproduction ou diffusion du document n’est pas autorisée, à l’exception d’un usage personnel, sauf accord de l’Ofpra en vertu de l’article L. 335-3 du code de la propriété intellectuelle. Haïti : Situation politique et institutionnelle Table des matières 1. Panorama institutionnel, administratif et politique ................................................. 3 1.1. Les institutions .......................................................................................... 3 1.2. L’organisation administrative et territoriale ................................................... 3 1.3. Les principaux partis politiques .................................................................. -
An Analysis of US Marine Corps Intelligence Modernization During
Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 5-2017 Innovation in Intelligence: An Analysis of U.S. Marine Corps Intelligence Modernization during the Occupation of Haiti, 1915-1934 Laurence M. Nelson III Utah State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Nelson, Laurence M. III, "Innovation in Intelligence: An Analysis of U.S. Marine Corps Intelligence Modernization during the Occupation of Haiti, 1915-1934" (2017). All Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 6536. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6536 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INNOVATION IN INTELLIGENCE: AN ANALYSIS OF U.S. MARINE CORPS INTELLIGENCE MODERNIZATION DURING THE OCCUPATION OF HAITI, 1915-1934 by Laurence Merl Nelson III A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in History Approved: ______________________ ____________________ Robert McPherson, Ph.D. James Sanders, Ph.D. Major Professor Committee Member ______________________ ____________________ Jeannie Johnson, Ph.D. Mark R. McLellan, Ph.D. Committee Member Vice President for Research and Dean of the School of Graduate Studies UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY Logan, Utah 2017 ii Copyright © Laurence Merl Nelson III 2017 All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Innovation in Intelligence: An Analysis of U.S. Marine Corps Intelligence Modernization during the Occupation of Haiti, 1915-1934 by Laurence M. -
Haïti En Marche Édition Du 2 Au 8 Février 2005 Vol
Mercredi 11 Janvier 2006 Page Haïti en Marche édition du 2 au 8 Février 2005 Vol. XIX No 1 MercrediHaïti en Marche27 Avril Vol. 2005 XIX No. 50 Haïti en Marche édition du 2 au 8 Février 2005 Vol. XIX No 1 Page 1 Haïti en Marche Vol. XIX No. 13 Haïti en Marche édition du 11 au 17 Janvier 2006 Vol. XIX No. 50 L’EVENEMENT Suicide du commandant des casques bleus en Haïti Reuters, 8 Janvier Teixeira da Matta Bacellar, s’est unies. unies pour la stabilisation en Haïti Le commandant des casques apparemment suicidé samedi dans un hôtel Il avait pris le commandement des (Minustah) à la fin du mois d’août dernier. bleus en Haïti, le général brésilien Urano de Port-au-Prince, annoncent les Nations 9.000 hommes de la Mission des Nations (voir Suicide / 3) La bénédiction du corps du Gén. Bacellar au camp de la Minustah photo Sophia Paris/ONU-MINUSTAH ELECTIONS: LE 7 FEVRIER P. 2 Scepticisme sur le nouveau calendrier Le commandant de la Minustah trouvé mort samedi dans son appartement DES ELECTIONS A PLUS DE US$80 MILLIONS à l’Hôtel Montana photo Yonel Louis ANALYSE ELECTIONS: UNE SEMAINE DES DUPES L’international décide en dehors des acteurs locaux PORT-AU-PRINCE, 7 Janvier Vendredi les Nations Unies, ainsi une étape fondamentale vers la restauration - L’escalade déclenchée par certains que l’OEA (Organisation des Etats de la démocratie et de la stabilité en Haïti groupes politiques pour obtenir le départ Américains), ont tranché pour la tenue des (...), “invite instamment” le gouvernement de du gouvernement de transition et par la élections au plus tard le 7 février 2006, date Port-au-Prince et le Conseil électoral à même occasion un renvoi encore plus à laquelle prend fin le mandat de l’actuel (voir Dupes / 4) prolongé des élections présidentielles et exécutif. -
Haitian Historical and Cultural Legacy
Haitian Historical and Cultural Legacy A Journey Through Time A Resource Guide for Teachers HABETAC The Haitian Bilingual/ESL Technical Assistance Center HABETAC The Haitian Bilingual/ESL Technical Assistance Center @ Brooklyn College 2900 Bedford Avenue James Hall, Room 3103J Brooklyn, NY 11210 Copyright © 2005 Teachers and educators, please feel free to make copies as needed to use with your students in class. Please contact HABETAC at 718-951-4668 to obtain copies of this publication. Funded by the New York State Education Department Acknowledgments Haitian Historical and Cultural Legacy: A Journey Through Time is for teachers of grades K through 12. The idea of this book was initiated by the Haitian Bilingual/ESL Technical Assistance Center (HABETAC) at City College under the direction of Myriam C. Augustin, the former director of HABETAC. This is the realization of the following team of committed, knowledgeable, and creative writers, researchers, activity developers, artists, and editors: Marie José Bernard, Resource Specialist, HABETAC at City College, New York, NY Menes Dejoie, School Psychologist, CSD 17, Brooklyn, NY Yves Raymond, Bilingual Coordinator, Erasmus Hall High School for Science and Math, Brooklyn, NY Marie Lily Cerat, Writing Specialist, P.S. 181, CSD 17, Brooklyn, NY Christine Etienne, Bilingual Staff Developer, CSD 17, Brooklyn, NY Amidor Almonord, Bilingual Teacher, P.S. 189, CSD 17, Brooklyn, NY Peter Kondrat, Educational Consultant and Freelance Writer, Brooklyn, NY Alix Ambroise, Jr., Social Studies Teacher, P.S. 138, CSD 17, Brooklyn, NY Professor Jean Y. Plaisir, Assistant Professor, Department of Childhood Education, City College of New York, New York, NY Claudette Laurent, Administrative Assistant, HABETAC at City College, New York, NY Christian Lemoine, Graphic Artist, HLH Panoramic, New York, NY. -
Larissa Lima Bezerra De Souza
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PAMPA CAMPUS SANTANA DO LIVRAMENTO BACHARELADO EM RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS LARISSA LIMA BEZERRA DE SOUZA REFUGIADOS AMBIENTAIS E RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS: ANÁLISE CONCEITUAL DO REFÚGIO AMBIENTAL APLICADA AOS IMIGRANTES HAITIANOS NO BRASIL ENTRE 2010 E 2018 SANTANA DO LIVRAMENTO 2021 LARISSA LIMA BEZERRA DE SOUZA REFUGIADOS AMBIENTAIS E RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS: ANÁLISE CONCEITUAL DO REFÚGIO AMBIENTAL APLICADA AOS IMIGRANTES HAITIANOS NO BRASIL ENTRE 2010 E 2018 Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Relações Internacionais pela Universidade Federal do Pampa – UNIPAMPA. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Fábio Régio Bento. SANTANA DO LIVRAMENTO 2021 TERMO PARA ENVIO À BANCA Eu, Prof. Dr. Fábio Régio Bento, autorizo o envio da seguinte monografia, de autoria da minha orientanda Larissa Lima Bezerra de Souza, para a banca avaliadora. LARISSA LIMA BEZERRA DE SOUZA REFUGIADOS AMBIENTAIS E RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS: ANÁLISE CONCEITUAL DO REFÚGIO AMBIENTAL APLICADA AOS IMIGRANTES HAITIANOS NO BRASIL ENTRE 2010 E 2018 Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso apresentado como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Relações Internacionais pela Universidade Federal do Pampa – UNIPAMPA Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso defendido e aprovado em: dia, mês de 2021. Banca examinadora: ______________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Fábio Régio Bento Orientador (UNIPAMPA) ______________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Rafael Balardin (UNIPAMPA) ______________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Rafael Vitoria Schmidt (UNIPAMPA) Para meus avós, Adelaide e Paulo, que estiveram presentes desde o meu primeiro dia de aula – na creche. AGRADECIMENTOS Gostaria de começar agradecendo primeiramente a Deus. Nada disso aconteceria se Ele não o tivesse tornado possível. Obrigada por ter sido fiel, mesmo quando tive dúvidas. -
The Birth of Modern-Day Haiti (Part 1) (Lecture 1)
HAT3564: Haitian Culture and Society The Birth of Modern-Day Haiti (Part 1) (Lecture 1) Welcome to Haitian culture and society. My name is Ben Hebblethwaite, and this course is available at the University of Florida. And we are working on module five, and as you can see there, this module is concerned with the birth of modern day Haiti, which is situated roughly between 1860 and 1915. There you can see the measurable learning objectives, which you can also find at the top of the module page in Canvas. So the first part of this chapter, the birth of modern-day Haiti, is an introduction, and it addresses several matters beginning with political conflicts of earlier decades, that intensify as do fiscal and economic problems. So this is an introductory chapter that provides an overview of the latter part of the 19th century. You will also find a rapid succession of presidents that mark the turn of the century, into the 20th century in Haiti. There is a struggle between Nord Alexis, and Antenor Firmin, who struggled for power as we will explore in some detail. Then there is the tragedy of President Cincinnatus Leconte, and hundreds of others who died in an explosion of munitions at the National Palace. So this is the symbol of the disintegration of the Haitian state-- one that leads to the occupation of the United States military. And it was just three years after this explosion that the US Marines would disembark to occupy Haiti from 1915 to 1934, a subject for the next section. -
AMHE Newsletter Spring 2020 June 8 Haitian Medical Association Abroad Association Medicale Haïtienne À L'étranger Newsletter # 278
AMHE Newsletter spring 2020 june 8 Haitian Medical Association Abroad Association Medicale Haïtienne à l'Étranger Newsletter # 278 AMHE NEWSLETTER Editor in Chief: Maxime J-M Coles, MD Editorial Board: Rony Jean Mary, MD Reynald Altema, MD Technical Adviser: Jacques Arpin Antoine Louis Leocardie Elie Lescot Maxime Coles MD Antoine Louis Leocardie Lescot become president of the republique of Haiti on May 15, 1941. Issued from a privileged society, he used his political influence during the second war to claim the higher position of the land. He ascended to the presidency in gaining power through his ties with the United States of America. He was a mulattoe, issued from the elites and the post war climate allowed his administration to reign over a period of political downturn after many political repression of the dissidents. Elie Lescot was born at Saint Louis du Nord (Nord West of Haiti) on December 9, 1883 in a middleclass family. His father, Ovide Lescot is a resident in Cap-Haiti and decided to protect his pregnant wife, Florelia Laforest, from his political opponents. He chose to relocate her to St Louis du Nord under the protection of her sister Lea, wife of a Guadeloupean business holder and sometimes architect, Edouard Elizee. Ovide Lescot was the son of Pierre Joseph Lescot with Marie-Michelle Morin but he later re- married to Marie-Fortunée Deneau who gave him two daughters: Therese and Leticia. Therese became the wife of the well-known poet Oswald Durand while Laeticia will marry Chery Hippolyte, son of President Florville Hippolyte. Florelia Laforest had an extramarital affair with president Sylvain Salnave before knowing Ovide Lescot In this number - Words of the Editor, Maxime Coles,MD - Article de Axler JEAN PAUL - La chronique de Rony Jean-Mary,M.D. -
Haïti Et La République Dominicaine
Histoire et Philatélie Haïti et la République dominicaine 1 Table des matières 1) Haïti I. La conquête espagnole (1492-1530) II. Le paradis de la flibuste (1530-1697) III. Saint-Domingue (1697-1789) IV. De la révolution à l’indépendance (1789-1804) V. Les premiers despotes haïtiens (1804-1879) VI. L’éternel chaos (1879-1957) VII. Le duvaliérisme (1957-1986) VIII. L’après-duvaliérisme (1986-...) 2) La République dominicaine I. Vers l’indépendance (1795-1844) II. Succès militaire et chaos politique (1844-1865) III. L’anarchie (1865-1930) IV. L’ère Trujillo (1930-1961) V. L’après-trujillisme (1961-...) Pour les timbres-poste, la numérotation Yvert et Tellier a été choisie Les abréviations suivantes sont employées: - H : Haïti - D : République dominicaine 2 Première partie : Haïti Extrait de www.canalplushaiti.net 3 I. La conquête espagnole (1492-1530) L’histoire moderne de l’île débuta le 7 décembre 1492, lorsque Christophe Colomb y mit pied à terre, à la pointe de la presqu’île située au nord-ouest d’Haïti, au lieu qu’il nomma le Môle Saint-Nicolas. À l’île entière, trouvant une grande ressemblance avec les rivages espagnols, il donna le nom d’Isla Española, qui devint rapidement Hispaniola. D, 1991, n° 1088B D, 2008, n° 1567 Arrivée de Colomb à Hispaniola. 1992, n°s 853/854 Indigène observant le débarquement de Colomb L’île n’était pas déserte: elle était habitée par environ un million de Taïnos, des indigènes Arawaks venus d’Amérique du Sud. Les Taïnos d’Hispaniola étaient répartis en cinq caciquats, des entités indépendantes l’une de l’autre, et gouvernées par un chef absolu, le cacique.