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Appendix a : Questions from Scottish Leaving Certificate Examinations with Imperial Content

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Appendix A : Questions from Scottish Leaving Certificate Examinations with Imperial Content 1946 Lower Grade Exam: The students needed to answer three essay questions from fifteen possible options. There were two questions on this exam with imperial content. 1. Describe the history of South Africa from the Great Trek to the Union of 1909. 2. Write notes to show the importance of any two of the following: Warren Hastings, Viscount Castlereagh, Robert Owen, David Livingstone, the Irish Land Acts, Louis Pasteur, Joseph Chamberlain, the Parliament Act of 1911. Higher Grade Exam: The students needed to answer four essay questions from eighteen possible options. There were four questions on this exam with imperial content. 1. Estimate the importance of the Revolution of 1688 in the history of Britain. 2. Explain the causes of the Indian Mutiny and estimate its effects. 3. ‘Imperium et Sanitas.’ How far do you agree that imperial develop- ment and social welfare were the chief interests of Disraeli’s govern- ment (1874–1880)? 4. Write notes on two of the following: John Wilkes, George Canning, the Disruption of the Church of Scotland, the development of trans- port in the 19th century, Charles Stewart Parnell, the Commonwealth of Australia Act. 166 Appendix A 167 1947 Lower Grade Exam: The students needed to answer three essay questions from fifteen poss ible options. There were five questions on this exam with imperial content. 1. What were the causes of the Act of Union of 1707, and what were its main provisions? 2. Explain the causes of the revolt in the American colonies. 3. Do you consider that Gladstone or Disraeli rendered the greater serv- ices to Britain? 4. Write notes on two of the following: Horatio Viscount Nelson, William Wilberforce, the Repeal of the Corn Laws, Daniel O’Connell, Guiseppe Garibaldi, Abraham Lincoln, Cecil Rhodes, the Statute of Westminster (1931). 5. What steps have been taken since the Indian Mutiny to give Indians an increasing share in the government of India? Higher Grade Exam: The students needed to answer four essay questions from eighteen possible options. There were five questions on this exam with imperial content. 1. Explain the importance of the seventeenth century in the history of the colonies. 2. How far is it fair to blame George III and Lord North for the loss of the American colonies? 3. Discuss the opinion that Gladstone’s best work was done before 1880. 4. Describe the chief stages in the constitutional development of Canada from 1763 to 1914. 5. Write notes on two of the following: Henry Grattan, the People’s Charter, the Marquis of Dalhousie, the Congress of Berlin (1878), the Franco-British Entente of 1904, the Union of South Africa Act. 1948 Lower Grade Exam: The students needed to answer three essay questions from fifteen possible options. There were three questions on this exam with imperial content. 168 Appendix A 1. Trace the career of the elder Pitt to 1763, showing the special qualities which place him among our greatest statesmen. 2. Why were Britain and France unfriendly during the last quarter of the nineteenth century, and why did this unfriendliness give place to the Entente of 1904? 3. Write notes on two of the following: John Wesley, the Stamp Act, the Duke of Wellington, the Durham Report, the Disruption of the Church of Scotland, the Congress of Berlin, Charles Stewart Parnell, David Lloyd George. Higher Grade Exam: The students needed to answer four essay questions from eighteen possible options. There were five questions on this exam with imperial content. 1. To what causes do you attribute the success of Britain in the Seven Years’ War? 2. On what grounds may George Canning be regarded as a great foreign minister? 3. Trace the development of the East India Company’s power from 1763 to 1858, and explain the chief Acts of Parliament which dealt with it. 4. How far is it true to say that Gladstone was successful only in his economic policy? 5. Write notes on two of the following: The Highland Clearances, Edmund Burke, Edward Gibbon Wakefield, the Bank Charter Act (1844), John Bright, Cecil Rhodes. 1949 Lower Grade Exam: The students needed to answer three essay questions from fifteen possible options. There were four questions on this exam with imperial content. 1. Compare the work of Lord Castlereagh and George Canning as foreign ministers. 2. Do you consider that Gladstone’s ministry of 1868–74 or Disraeli’s ministry of 1874–80 did more for the people of Great Britain? 3. Write notes on two of the following: George Washington, the Conti- nental System, Robert Owen, the Reform Act of 1832, the Marquis of Dalhousie, Otto von Bismarck. Appendix A 169 4. Describe the main types of government among the overseas countries that make up the British Empire and Commonwealth. Higher Grade Exam: The students needed to answer four essay questions from eighteen possible options. There were four questions on this exam with imperial content. 1. Explain the causes and the effects of the Union of 1707. 2. Estimate the influence of George III on British politics between 1760 and 1783. 3. Explain and criticize Gladstone’s policy to Ireland between 1868 and 1894. 4. Write notes on two of the following: Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville; Marquis Wellesley; the Anti-Corn Law League; Lord Palmerston; the British North America Act (1867); Joseph Chamberlain. 1950 Lower Grade Exam: The students needed to answer three essay questions from fifteen possible options. There were five questions on this exam with imperial content. 1. Trace the events that led to the Act of Union of 1707, and describe its main provisions. 2. What were the problems that gave rise to the Seven Years’ War, and how were they dealt with in the peace treaties? 3. Trace the chief steps in the development of South Africa from the Great Trek to the Union Act of 1909. 4. Write notes on two of the following: James Watt, Warren Hastings, the Jacobins, the Combination Laws, the Monroe Doctrine, Count Cavour, Louis Pasteur, the Anglo-French Entente of 1904, Mahatma Gandhi. 5. Why is Ireland partitioned at the present day? Give the arguments for and against the ending of partition. Higher Grade Exam: The students needed to answer four essay questions from eighteen possible options. There were six questions on this exam with imperial content. 170 Appendix A 1. Trace and account for the growth of the English colonies during the period 1603–88. 2. What are the reasons for the hostility between Britain and the Bourbon Powers in the reign of George II? 3. Do you consider that the loss of the American colonies had already become inevitable when the fighting began in 1775? 4. ‘A conservative in domestic but a liberal in foreign policy.’ How far do you agree with this estimate of Lord Palmerston? 5. Trace the main stages in the development of the Australian colonies from the convict settlement of 1788 to the Commonwealth of 1900. 6. Write notes on two of the following: Charles James Fox, ‘the Peterloo Massacre,’ New Model Trade Unionism, Charles Stewart Parnell, the Jameson Raid, the Parliament Act, 1911. 1951 Lower Grade Exam: The students needed to answer four essay questions from eighteen possible options. There were seven questions on this exam with impe- rial content. 1. Describe the foreign policy of Cromwell and show how far it was successful. 2. With what aims did Britain enter the War of Spanish Succession and how far did she achieve those aims by the Treaty of Utrecht? 3. Outline the course of the War of American Independence and give reasons for the British failure. 4. Outline the main steps in the development of Australia from 1788 to 1900. 5. What claims has Disraeli to be considered a great statesman? 6. Write notes on two of the following: The Rebellion of 1715, Edmund Burke, British sea power 1793–1801, David Livingstone, the causes of the American Civil War of 1861, Guiseppe Garibaldi, the Irish Question 1910–22, General Smuts. 7. ‘The unchanging East.’ Discuss this phrase in the light of twentieth century developments in either India or China. Higher Grade Exam: The students needed to answer four essay questions from eighteen possible options. There were four questions on this exam with imperial content. Appendix A 171 1. Compare the foreign policy of England in the reigns of Charles II and William III. 2. Why did Britain enter the Seven Years’ War and why was she successful? 3. Explain the causes and results of the Indian Mutiny. 4. Write notes on two of the following: John Wilkes, George Canning, the Durham Report, the Irish Land Acts, the Anglo-French Entente of 1904, Joseph Chamberlain. 1952 Lower Grade Exam: The students needed to answer four essay questions from eighteen possible options. There were four questions on this exam with imperial content. 1. Give an account of the foreign policy of William III, explaining his objects. 2. In what circumstances did European trading companies become powerful in India in the first half of the eighteenth century? Outline the main events in the struggle between the British and the French in India up to the Treaty of Paris (1763). 3. What were the developments in international affairs that led Britain to abandon her policy of ‘splendid isolation’ at the beginning of the present century? 4. Write notes on two of the following: Walpole’s Excise Bill, the American Declaration of Independence, the Peninsular War, the Durham Report, the Great Exhibition of 1851, Cecil Rhodes, the Parliament Act of 1911, Woodrow Wilson. Higher Grade Exam: The students needed to answer four essay questions from eighteen possible options.
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