American Printing House for the Blind

“Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Section 4: Scientifi c Study Graphic Proofs Submittal 09.05.12 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Elevation Not to Scale 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study Final Size: 35.4375” x 78” ” Photo courtesy New England Historic Genealogical Society Genealogical England Historic New courtesy Photo — Anne Sullivan, 1887 — Anne Sullivan, c c teaching tools. She explored tools. She explored teaching c ced on the altar of learning. of on the altar ced ies, and sometimes we catch one. one. we catch sometimes and ies, Boston, where blind students used the most used the most blind students where Boston, scientifi modern animals, seashells, and models of stuffed by and plants. She also learned owers fl of tactile pictures of series using a popular Martin Kunz by animals and plants created the blind for a school of director (1847-1923), Germany. in Illzach, We chase butterfl chase We “ life and beauty are sacrifi are and beauty life Afterwards, if it has survived the lesson, we let it go; but usually its its it go; but usually we let the lesson, survived it has if Afterwards, Study FPO

Then we sit down under a tree, or in the shade of a bush, and talk about it. about it. and talk a bush, of in the shade or a tree, under down we sit Then Scientifi Much of Helen Keller’s initial science education education initial science Helen Keller’s of Much she explored Tuscumbia, In experiential. was teacher her with touch, by world the natural a garden, The curiosity. her encouraging tadpoles, and a table with lled fi shbowl fi laboratory. her were seashells of in Helen sat in on classes 1889, In October in School at the Perkins and botany zoology SC.01 – Intro

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study Final Size: 35.4375” x 78” ” (Elephant) series by Martin Kunz, Illzach, Germany, Germany, Illzach, Martin Kunz, by series SC_A02 Pictures for the Blind for Pictures (Natural Specimens - sizes vary) - sizes Specimens (Natural SC_A01 Tabletop SC_A01 Original Kunz tactile illustration of elephant of tactile illustration Kunz Original Indian Elephant, from ca. 1890. Museum Collection 1890. ca. ours must be tactual and auditory. ours must and vary in intensity; but it must be present! be present! but it must in intensity; and vary Most of the public school experience is visual; is visual; experience the public school Most of We must realize that the degree of pupil comprehension pupil comprehension of that the degree must realize We ... is directly proportional to the contact experience with experience to the contact proportional ... is directly “ the subject studied. The experience may be direct or indirect indirect or be direct may experience The studied. the subject the Blind for School Overbrook Teacher, Science Heisler, T. William — Whenever possible, science teachers introduced their students students their introduced teachers science possible, Whenever by explore could they specimens blind to natural were who specimens, study of a “museum” collected Some schools touch. large very were objects that models scale of supplemented by modeled were animals and large small. Buildings, furniture, very or as the atom became such structures microscopic while in miniature, in parts reproduced, was the human body models. Even hand-sized detailed study. as tactile models for whole, and (Leaves) SC_A09 Tabletop SC_A09 SC_A03 (Lizard Plaque) (Lizard Gears) sh/replaces sh/replaces Exploring the Natural World Exploring the Natural SC_A05 Tabletop (Starfi On loan from the Perkins School for the Blind. for School the Perkins On loan from Lizard Plaque Lizard the from zoology metal embossed illustration copper-plated plaque, Lizard mid-1800s. Austria, Vienna, and State, Court and Royal the Imperial of Press Exploring Models of a Hippopotamus, 1914 a Hippopotamus, of Models Exploring History Natural Museum of as the American Museums such in available collections sometimes made their City York in New blind children. for programs special History Natural Museum of the American of courtesy Photo SC.02 – Inter

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study Final Size: 35.4375” x 78” ” SC_A06 Students explored the human body using tactile models. using the human body explored Students — B. B. Huntoon, Director, — Huntoon, Director, B. B. (1872) report the Blind, 25th Institute for Kentucky SC_A07 To study anatomy, blind students in the 19th century examined examined century blind students in the 19th anatomy, study To a French as made by parts such body modelsanatomical of papier-mâché. of Auzoux, Jerôme Thomas Louis physician, models to manufacture opened a factory Auzoux Dr. In 1827, world. the all over sold to schools Dr. Louis Thomas Jerôme Auzoux Jerôme Thomas Louis Dr. Human Anatomy to make tangible things that are visible to the seeing… to the seeing… visible tangible things that are to make [is] constructed in so substantial a manner that every portion that every a manner in so substantial [is] constructed but in the education of the blind they are peculiarly useful. peculiarly are the blind they of but in the education 1920s model of a human eye of model 1920s produced was the human eye model of papier-mâché This molds. Auzoux using probably in the 1920s, Museum, and Science Medical the Moosnick of Image courtesy KY. Lexington, University, Transylvania [A] model of the eye, showing every part of its delicate mechanism, mechanism, its delicate part of every showing the eye, of [A] model can be examined by touch…. The design of these ‘object lessons’ is ‘object lessons’ these of design The touch…. by be examined can SC_A08 “

SC.03

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study Final Size: 35.4375” x 78” c exploration, illustrated illustrated exploration, c Otto von Guericke’s experiment with experiment Otto von Guericke’s pressure atmospheric Magdeburg Hemispheres Magdeburg students alike blind and sighted example, For pressure atmospheric of the power explored (named for hemispheres using Magdeburg by origin). of place their Germany, Magdeburg, out air pump to draw vacuum Students used a – and then sealed hemispheres of a pair from to pull the hemispheres unsuccessfully, tried, (1602-1686) von Guericke Otto apart. Inventor Emperor before his apparatus demonstrated seal vacuum III, and it is said that the Ferdinand horses eight teams of that two so strong was not pull it apart! could In the early days of scientifi of days In the early or effects physical of and demonstrations lectures in university not only became popular “phenomena” entertainment in lecture but also as public classes, began to be used apparatus lecture halls. Gradually, level. at the pre-university science teaching for most types tactile nature, physical, their of Because bewithout used could apparatus philosophical of blind. were who students for adaptation in classes c subjects subjects c A “philosophical apparatus” for studying the solar system. system. the solar studying for apparatus” “philosophical A History Natural Museum of the American of courtesy Photo SC_A04 Natural Philosophy Natural - displayed in box) - displayed (Magdeburg Hemispheres Hemispheres (Magdeburg When Helen Keller was young, scientifi young, was Helen Keller When called area broad very a within taught were called was the sciences A student of philosophy. toolswere Laboratory philosopher. a natural Students apparatus. as philosophical known such to study apparatus used philosophical astronomy, magnetism, topics as mechanics, heat, pneumatics, hydraulics, and hydrostatics and electricity. optics SC.04 – Flip/Inter

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study Final Size: 35.4375” x 78” Chemistry lab Chemistry Azer’s Interactive Periodic Table Azer’s American Printing House for the Blind features tactile This kit from the board and models to diagram the parts of chemical symbols on a Velcro an atom. cult cult SC_A12 (1/3 Section - Periodic Table) Section - Periodic (1/3 Chemistry & Physics Azer’s Interactive Periodic Table Periodic Interactive Azer’s symbols tactile chemical the Blind features House for Printing the American from kit This an atom the parts of and models to diagram board Velcro on a Chemistry and Physics were essential parts of the classic the classic parts of essential were and Physics Chemistry schools residential in the early education school high supervised, as early heavily blind students. Although for used the same test tubes, blind children as the 1860s equipment used by lamps, and other alcohol beakers, had Some schools work. lab their students for sighted had their child each where equipped laboratories fully carefully of pieces a few only others ware, lab own the Models for developed later apparatus. protected blind well for equally worked chemistry organic of study diffi was however, study, Advanced alike. and sighted code his braille Nemeth introduced until Abraham Tactile in 1952. equations and symbols c scientifi for tools became and other scales, balance thermometers, in the 1970s. work classroom for available SC.05

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study Final Size: 35.4375” x 78” for Special Eduacation, ca. 1945. ca. Eduacation, Special for SC_A10 Science Students Using Braille Textbooks at the New York Institution York at the New Textbooks Braille Using Students Science Using a modern “Sense of Science” kit from the from kit Science” of “Sense a modern Using the Blind. for House Printing American SC_A11 (SOS Packets) SC_A10 Exploring a Science Measurements Kit, Kentucky School for the Blind, ca. 1975. the Blind, ca. for School Kentucky Kit, Measurements a Science Exploring SC.06 – Table/Inter SC.06 –

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study - Informational Graphic Panel Final Size: 11.375” x 6.75”

Magdeburg Hemispheres

For example, blind and sighted students alike explored the power of atmospheric pressure by using Magdeburg hemispheres (named for Magdeburg, Germany, their place of origin). Students used a vacuum pump to draw air out from a pair of sealed hemispheres – and then tried, unsuccessfully, to pull the hemispheres apart. Inventor Otto von Guericke (1602-1686) demonstrated his apparatus before Emperor Ferdinand III, and it is said that the vacuum seal was so strong that two teams of eight horses could not pull it apart! Otto von Guericke’s experiment with atmospheric pressure

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study - SC 02 Tabletop Object Label Final Size: 6” x 3”

Natural Specimens Natural specimens like these encouraged blind students to explore by touch.

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study - SC 02 Tabletop Object Label Final Size: 6” x 3”

Tactile Starfi sh

NEED ca. 1890 IMAGE Reproduction of a Starfi sh, from Pictures for the Blind series by Martin Kunz, Illzach, Germany

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study - SC 02 Tabletop Object Label Final Size: 6” x 3”

Tactile Leaves ca. 1890 Reproduction of Leaves, from Pictures for the Blind series by Martin Kunz, Illzach, Germany

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study - SC 03 Tabletop Objects Label Final Size: 8” x 3”

Relief Picture of the eye 1860s Reproduction of Relief Picture of the Eye by L.A.F. Guldberg, Copenhagen, Denmark Ludwig August Friborg Guldberg produced tactile materials for his students at the Institute for the Blind in Copenhagen, where he taught from 1863-1891. Courtesy of the Callahan Museum Collection

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study - SC 03 Tabletop Objects Label Final Size: 8” x 3”

Contemporary Model of an Eye This 21st-century tactile model of the human eye – six times life-sized – can be opened to reveal the interior.

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study - SC 03 Tabletop Objects Label Final Size: 8” x 3”

Tactile Anatomy Atlas Missing object caption content.

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03 11-261 American Printing House for the Blind – Traveling Exhibit Graphic Description: Section 4: Scientifi c Study - SC 06 Tabletop Objects Label Final Size: 8” x 3”

APH Light Box The APH Light Box was invented for low vision students. It helps develop awareness of light, color, and visual discrimination. Materials from the Sense of Science series make the world of science accessible. Place one of the astronomy overlays onto the Light Box and explore by both sight and touch.

Two copies of this label needed, one for each light box.

American Printing House for the Blind “Child in a Strange Country” Traveling Exhibit Concept Schultz 11-261 09-05-12 — Revised Scientifi c Study Graphic Proof Package 03