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The Vascular Flora of the Oklahoma Centennial Botanical Garden Site Osage County, Oklahoma

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The Vascular Flora of the Oklahoma Centennial Botanical Garden Site Osage County, Oklahoma 54 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 7, Number 1, December 2007 The Vascular Flora of the Oklahoma Centennial Botanical Garden site Osage County, Oklahoma Bruce W. Hoagland Amy Buthod Oklahoma Biological Survey Oklahoma Biological Survey Department of Geography University of Oklahoma University of Oklahoma Norman, OK 73019-0575 Norman, OK 73019-0575 * e-mail: [email protected] This paper is a report on the results of an inventory of the vascular plants at the future site of the Oklahoma Centennial Botanical Garden in Osage County, Oklahoma. We collected a total of 293 taxa in 208 genera and 68 families. The families Poaceae and Asteraceae had the greatest number of species with 50 and 44 species respectively. Forty- one species of woody plants were present. Forty-four non-native species were present, representing 15% of the flora. No species tracked by the Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory were present. INTRODUCTION gently sloping to steep, loamy soils over shale and sandstone (Bourlier et al. 1979). The objective of this study was to The climate is Subtropical Humid (Cf) complete a floristic inventory at the future (Trewartha 1968). Summers are warm and site of the Oklahoma Centennial Botanical humid. Mean July temperature is 27.5oC Garden (OCBG) in southeast Osage County (81.5oF). Winters are relatively short and (36.2017°N to 36.2109°N and 96.0555°W mild with a mean January temperature of and 96.0678°W). Construction of the 1.5oC (34.7oF). Mean annual precipitation is OCBG is scheduled to begin in late 2007 on 111.7 cm (43.8 in) (Oklahoma 87 hectares (215 acres). The master plan, Climatological Survey, 2007). Elevation developed by Marshall Tyler Rausch of ranges from 259 to 302 m (849.5 to 990.6 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, includes a ft). Potential natural vegetation at OCBG is Mexican Garden, Oklahoma Wildflower post oak-blackjack forest and tallgrass Garden, Cross Timbers Prairie and prairie (Duck and Fletcher 1943). Historical Woodland, Folk Garden, Horticultural land use of the site has included livestock Therapy Garden, Children’s Garden, grazing and oil exploration. Demonstration Gardens, and others. In addition, a 17-acre lake, an amphitheater, a METHODS visitor center, education buildings, and a conservatory will be constructed (Oklahoma Three collection sites were visited Centennial Botanical Garden 2007). monthly for floristic sampling. The The OCBG site is located in the predominant vegetation association at these Claremore Cuesta plains geomorphic sites was classified according to Hoagland province of southeastern Osage County (2000). Additional collections were also (Curtis and Ham 1979). Surface geology is made opportunistically throughout the predominantly Pennsylvanian sandstone and OCBG. Collecting began in July of 2006 shale (Branson and Johnson 1979). Soils and continued through July of 2007. belong to the Niotaze-Darnell Association, Vouchers for non-native species were made described as moderately deep and shallow, from naturalized populations only, thus Hoagland, B.W. 55 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 7, Number 1, December 2007 excluding cultivated and ornamental plants. 1. Quercus stellata-Quercus marilandica forest Specimens were processed following association [QSQM] standard procedures and deposited at the This vegetation association occupied Robert Bebb Herbarium at the University of a small percentage of the OCBG. Common Oklahoma (OKL). Manuals used for associated species included Amelanchier specimen identification included Waterfall arborea, Antennaria plantaginifolia, Baptisia (1973) and Steyermark (1963). Origin, either bracteata var. leucophaea, Danthonia spicata, native or introduced to North America, was Helianthus hirsutus, Hypericum hypericoides, determined using the Plants Database Symphyotrichum patens, Myosotis verna, Opuntia (USDA-NRCS, 2007). Nomenclature humifusa, Sideroxylon lanuginosum, Smilax follows the United States Department of rotundifolia, Ulmus alata, and Viburnum Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation rufidulum. Service (USDA-NRCS 2007). 2. Schizachyrium scoparium-Sorghastrum nutans RESULTS AND DISCUSSION [SSN] This herbaceous grassland A total of 293 taxa of vascular plants vegetation association occupied the greatest in 68 families and 208 genera were collected area at the OCBG. Soils were typically at the OCBG (Appendix). Of the shallow with exposed cobble. Associated angiosperms, 92 species were Liliopsida and species included Amorpha canescens , 199 were Magnoliopsida (Table). There was Arnoglossum plantagineum, Callirhoe alcaeoides , one species of Pteridophyta and one of Coreopsis grandiflora, Cyperus echinatus, Coniferophyta. Forty-one species were Echinacea atrorubens, Krameria lanceolata, trees, shrubs, and woody vines. The Poaceae Lespedeza cuneata, Minuartia drummondii, and with 50 taxa, and the Asteraceae with 44 Pediomelum linearifolium. taxa, were the largest families. The genera Symphyotrichum (formerly Aster) and Cyperus 3. Wetland and aquatic vegetation [WETL] had the most species, with seven and six Wetland vegetation was restricted to species respectively. One hundred and a small stream bisecting the site and its seven taxa were annuals, 2 were biennials associated beaver pond. Common associates and 184 were perennials. included Alisma subcordatum, Ammannia Forty-four species (15% of the flora) auriculata, Callitriche heterophylla, Cephalanthus in 25 families were non-native to Oklahoma. occidentalis, Eclipta prostrata, Fimbristylis The percentage of non-native species at the autumnalis, Juncus brachycarpus, Ludwigia OCBG is high when compared to other palustris, Nelumbo lutea, Polygonum floristic surveys from Oklahoma, which pensylvanicum, Sagittaria ambigua, and Samolus range from 6.6%-15% (Hoagland and ebracteatus. Buthod 2004; Hoagland and Johnson 2005). The greatest numbers of non-native species 4. Disturbed areas and old-field vegetation occurred in the Poaceae, with eleven and [DAOF] Fabaceae, with eight. No species tracked by Disturbed areas coincided with the Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory roadways and oil extraction sites. Common (2007) were encountered. associated species included Achillea Collection sites selected at OCBG millefolium, Aegilops cylindrica, Capsella bursa- occurred within four vegetation pastoris, Carduus nutans, Convolvulus arvensis, associations. A description of each Daucus pusillus, Juniperus virginiana, Lamium vegetation category follows: amplexicaule, Rhus copallinum, R. glabra, and Torilis arvensis. Hoagland & Buthod 56 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 7, Number 1, December 2007 LITERATURE CITED Hoagland, B.W. and F.L. Johnson. 2005. Vascular flora of the Deep Fork River Bourlier, B.G., J.D. Nichols, W.J. Ringwold, in Okmulgee, Creek, and Okfuskee P.J. Workman, and S. Clemmons. Counties. Publications of the 1979. Osage County Soil Survey. Oklahoma Biological Survey 6: 15-29. United States Department of Oklahoma Climatological Survey. 2007. Agriculture, Washington, DC. Oklahoma Climatological Data. Branson, C.C., and K.S. Johnson. 1979. University of Oklahoma, Norman. Generalized geologic map of (www.ocs.ou.edu accessed 1 August Oklahoma. In: Johnson, K.S., C.C. 2007). Branson, N.M. Curtis, W.E. Ham, Oklahoma Centennial Botanical Garden. W.E. Harrison, M.V. Marcher, and 2007. Oklahoma Centennial Botanical J.F. Roberts (eds.). Geology and Earth Garden research and education center. Resources of Oklahoma. Oklahoma Tulsa, Oklahoma. Geological Survey, Norman, www.oklahomacentennialbotanicalgar Oklahoma. den.com accessed 1 September 2007). Curtis, N.M. and W.E. Ham. 1979. Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory. Geomorphic provinces of Oklahoma. 2007. Oklahoma Natural Heritage In: Johnson, K.S., C.C. Branson, N.M. Inventory working list of rare Curtis, W.E. Ham, W.E. Harrison, Oklahoma plants. University of M.V. Marcher, and J.F. Roberts (eds.). Oklahoma, Norman. Geology and Earth Resources of (www.biosurvey.ou.edu/publicat.html Oklahoma. Oklahoma Geological accessed 1 August 2007). Survey, Norman, Oklahoma. Palmer, M.W., G.L. Wade, and P. Neal. Duck, L.G., and J.B. Fletcher. 1943. A game 1995. Standards for the writing of type map of Oklahoma. In: Duck, floras. Bioscience 45: 339-345. L.G., and J.B. Fletcher (eds.). A Steyermark, J.A. 1963. Flora of Missouri. Survey of the Game and Furbearing Iowa State University Press. Ames, Animals of Oklahoma. Oklahoma Iowa. Department of Wildlife Conservation, Trewartha, G.T. 1968. An Introduction to Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Climate. McGraw-Hill, New York, Hoagland, B.W. 2000. The vegetation of New York. Oklahoma: a classification of USDA-NRCS. 2007. The PLANTS landscape mapping and conservation Database. National Plant Data Center, planning. Southwest Naturalist 45: Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. 385-420. (http://plants.usda.gov accessed 1 Hoagland, B.W. and F.L. Johnson. 2004. May 2007). Vascular flora of Red Slough and Waterfall, U.T. 1973. Keys to the Flora of Grassy Slough Wildlife Management Oklahoma. Published by the author, Areas, Gulf Coastal Plain, McCurtain Stillwater, Oklahoma. County, Oklahoma. Castanea 69: 284- 296. Hoagland & Buthod 57 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 7, Number 1, December 2007 Table Summary of floristic collections from the Oklahoma Centennial Botanical Garden site, Osage County, Oklahoma. Format follows Palmer et al. (1995). Taxonomic Non- Group Taxa Native native Pteridophyta 1 1 0 Coniferophyta 1 1 0 Magnoliophyta 291 247 44 Magnoliopsida 199 165 34 Liliopsida 92 82 10 Total 293 249 44 Figure Oklahoma Centennial Botanical
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