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The Engineers Working on the Helicopter of the Future 160 years of innovation theengineer.co.uk January 2017 | £3.70 FIRST FOR TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION Spin doctors The engineers working on the helicopter of the future Brexit strategy Portable power Making haste Vince Cable calls on industry How the EV sector is Investment in manufacturing to hold government’s driving development is helping keep UK fi rm feet to the fi re during of batteries for home Ilmor at the forefront Brexit negotiations »16 energy storage »26 of motorsport »50 62 »Careers feature With major investment in hand, there has never been a better time to build a career in UK infrastructure TE_010117 1 10/01/2017 16:47 When High Speed Precision Control is Crucial Industry leading dynamic Servo solutions for continuous and pulse duty applications Visit www.emersonindustrial.com/automation The Emerson logo is a trademark and service mark of Emerson Electric Co. © 2015 Emerson Electric Company Control Techniques_FP_TE_010916.ps 1 31/08/2016 11:23 editor comment thisissue ouropinion Volume 298 Issue No.7883 Established 1856 Chop and change news 04 Robotics One of the smallest-known surgical robots is launched 06 Aerospace UK is set to invest heavily in European space programme rom the fl ying pancake to the Caspian Sea monster (look them up, they’re real) the history of manned fl ight boasts 08 Materials Research looks at use more than its fair share of bizarre technological dead-ends. of polymer in supercapacitors But while most of the sector’s more eccentric innovations never quite took off, some endured, and perhaps the most 10 Medical & healthcare UK firm notable example of this is the helicopter, the subject of this develops tool to help premature babies issue’s cover story (p22). In the early 20th century, as engineers puzzled out powered flight, there was, it could be argued, something of opinion an inevitability to the development of fixed-wing aircraft: the 16 Viewpoint Vince Cable manifestation of efforts to harness the aerodynamic phenomena exploited by natural flyers. 18 Mailbox Your letters to the editor The same can’t be said of the helicopter. Indeed, if the wings of an aircraft work 20 Hayaatun Sillem Harnessing talent in harmony with the elements, the rotors of a helicopter do the opposite: chopping and diversity in engineering at the air in their noisy battle with gravity. Even the largest passenger aircraft can theoretically glide to a safe landing. But cut the power to a helicopter and it falls 28 Interview Mark Howard from the air. 31 Scifi eye Homes of the future And yet, more than 80 years after the first operational helicopter took to the skies, the vehicle remains more popular than ever: its unparalleled agility endearing it to pilots, and driving continued growth in sales across a range of sectors. features 22 Cover story A rethink on propulsion could boost the speed of rotorcraft “ More than 80 years after the first 26 Energy Battery technology advances helicopter took to the skies, the for electric vehicles vehicle remains as popular as ever” 62 Careers Civil & infrastructure 69 Archive In this issue’s special report we take a look at a fascinating concept currently 70 Digest under development by engineers at Airbus that could shore up the helicopter’s popularity for many years to come. Thanks to some ingenious and pretty fundamental changes to the way the advanced manufacturing helicopter is kept aloft and propelled, the new craft, which enters the mission demonstrator phase this year, promises to be the fastest, most efficient vehicle 46 Machine tools of its kind ever built and is at the heart of Airbus’s stated ambition to “drive a 50 Motorsport bold vision for the future of rotorcraft”. 52 Aerospace Elsewhere in this issue we take a look at the way in which the electric vehicle industry is driving the development of batteries for domestic energy storage (p26) 56 Tooling & workholding and also touch on the career opportunities created by the UK’s vast pipeline of planned infrastructure projects (p62). Your number-one website for engineering news,views, jobs and products theengineer.co.uk Jon Excell Editor [email protected] UK subscriptions £75 pa UK/£117 pa overseas. Order online at www.theengineer.co.uk/subscribe or by telephone Centaur Media Plc, 79 Wells Street, London, W1T 3QN on +44 (0207) 292 3705. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without prior permission from the publisher. Direct dial 020 7970 followed by extension listed Advertising fax 020 7970 4190 Editor Jon Excell (4437) [email protected] Features editor Stuart Nathan (4125) [email protected] Senior reporter Andrew Wade (4893) [email protected] News editor Jason Ford (4442) jason.ford@ ISSN 0013-7758. Printed by Headley Brothers Ltd, centaurmedia.com Senior art editor Phil Gibson (4135) [email protected] Recruitment advertisement manager Ben Cogger (4187) ben.cogger@ Ashford TN24 8HH Visit www.theengineer.co.uk for centaurmedia.com Senior sales executive Jason Padam (4677) Sales executive Kennedy Ogbanufe (4811) Commercial director Sonal Dalgliesh (4487) sonal.dal- constantly updated news, products and jobs and to [email protected] Commercial manager Peter York (4942) Production Lyndon White, Wendy Goodbun (4807) [email protected] Publisher sign up for our FREE weekly email newsletter and Simon Lodge (4849) [email protected] Subscriptions & Customer Services [email protected] tailored job alerts The Engineer is available for International licensing and syndication. For more information please email [email protected] NEWS 020 7970 4442 DISPLAY 020 7970 4487 RECRUITMENT 020 7970 4110 SUBSCRIPTIONS/CUSTOMER SERVICES HOTLINE 020 7292 3705 JANUARY 2017 | THE ENGINEER 3 TE_010117 3 10/01/2017 16:25 news technology ROBOTICS Readmoreonline link mechanisms out to the end, where the grasper is located,” said Wagner. Good things come The 110µm cables each run Automotive through 150µm guide holes. Faraday Future takes on Depending on which of the cables is pulled, the instrument can be moved, Tesla with FF 91 in small packages up, down, left or right. “The cables provide tension and Aerospace Product design firm launches one of the articulating force,” he said. Boeing and Saab’s T-X In order to ensure the robot could HELEN KNIGHT REPORTS smallest-known surgical robots be kept as small as possible, the training jet takes off engineers designed the articulating mechanism to be as efficient as Defence & Security ataract surgery is used for other minimally invasive possible, in order to minimise frictional the most commonly procedures, such as implanting losses. In this way they were able to US Navy tests unmanned performed neurostimulation devices, early cancer reduce the size of the motors needed boat swarm procedure in the intervention, and oesophageal and to drive the cables, said Wagner. world, restoring gastrointestinal tract operations. This high efficiency also allows the Electronics & sight to 20 million Existing surgical robots are typically device to relay forces encountered by people each year. large devices, since they have to control the tips of the instruments back to the Communications CBut the procedure is currently long, straight instruments that must be actuator, meaning it can be used to 2016 extended by one performed by hand, using a pair of fed through small holes in the patient, provide feedback. second surgical tweezers and a microscope. necessitating a large range of motion “The forces that are encountered This can result in complications, as the on the outside of the body, said Chris by the tip are transmitted up through delicate nature of the surface of the Wagner, head of advanced surgical the cable into the actuator,” said Energy & Environment eye means it can be easily damaged. systems at Cambridge Consultants. Wagner. This means that any forces UK team leading efforts to Now engineers at product design In comparison, Axsis can interacting with the tips of the capture waste heat from firm Cambridge Consultants have manipulate tiny, flexible instruments. instrument can be felt by the surgeon shown that the procedure could soon “Right now [surgical robots] can handle operating the device, giving them industry be carried out robotically, thanks to arteries and blood vessels, but we a sense of touch. the development of one of the smallest want to move to the next generation, Depending on the design of the Medical & Healthcare known surgical robots. where they can handle fine nerves and instruments used, the robot could Power to stay alive is Axsis, developed by the company’s even finer blood vessels,” said Wagner. allow the size of the minimally invasive engineers to demonstrate the The robot’s instruments are access point on the patient’s body under the skin technology’s potential, has a body controlled by an actuator consisting to be reduced. the size of a soft drinks can, and can of a channel surrounded by four high Smaller robots also mean surgeons Manufacturing manipulate surgical instruments of strength mechanical cables. could ultimately work with a range 1.8mm in diameter. “We have high strength cable of tools, and get closer to the patient Interview: Stratasys VP of As well as performing cataract running through guide channels, which without large equipment getting consulting Dr Phil Reeves operations, the robot could also be go up through a series of rolling metal in their way. Policy & Business Smaller robots mean surgeons could ultimately get closer to the patient Vince Cable: Brexit must not undermine industrial strategy Rail & Marine Bringing train-making back to its birthplace Skills & Careers Fixing the perception of engineers For news and jobs theengineer. co.uk 4 THE ENGINEER | JANUARY 2017 TE_010117 4 10/01/2017 16:45 Proto Labs is the world’s fastest manufacturer of prototypes and low-volume parts.
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