Greek Mythology: Heroes
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Hamilton's Theseus.Pdf
'1 I\!I, 208 Mythology lnstantlysaw his opportunity. He went straight to the pal- ace and entered the hall. As he stood at the entrance, Athena's shining buckler on his breast, the silver wallet at his side, he drew the eyes of every man there. Then before 1\' any could look away he held up the Gorgon's head; and at the sight one and all, the cruel King and his servile courtiers, were turned into stone. There they sat, a row of statues, each, ! as it were, frozen stiff in the attitude he had struck when he first saw Perseus. CHAPTER II When the islanders knew themselves freed from the tyrant it was-easyfot Perseus to find Danae and Dictys. He made Theseus Dictys king of the island, but he and his mother decided that This dearest of heroes to the Athenians engaged the atten- they would go back with Andromeda to Greece and try to tion of many writers. Ovid, who lived in the Augustan Age, be reconciled to Acrisius, to see if the many years that had tells his life in detail and so does Apollodorus, in the first or passed since he had put them in the chest had not softened second century A.D. Plutarch, too, toward the end of the fi·rst century A.D. He is a prominent character in three of Eurip- him so that he would be glad to receive his daughter and ides' plays and in one of Sophocles. There are many allusions grandson. When they reached Argos, however, they found to him in ptose writers as well as poets. -
Jason and the Argonauts Pictures of …
Punctuating lists. There are different ways to write them, but some rules need to be followed. Imagine you are a sailor on the boat. What items will you take? Lists can be written in different ways. On the boat I took with me: • A first aid kit, • A sketchpad, • Some paints. Write some lists of your own. Show the On the boat I took with me: different ways you • a first aid kit, can punctuate • a sketchpad, them. • some paints. • On the boat I took with me: • A first aid kit in case of emergencies; • A sketchpad so I could record my adventures; • Some paints to create detailed pictures. Jason and the Argonauts Pictures of … • Hydra Golden Fleece • Centaur Argo • Clashing Rocks • How do you think these are involved in the story? Why? Discuss and then write down your answers. • 1. Who looked after Jason when his father was thrown in prison? • 2. What three subjects did Jason learn whilst he was living in the mountains? • 3. Why did Jason have to accept Pelias’ challenge? • 4. Find and copy a phrase that tells you what the goddess Athene did to make sure the Argo would be safe? • 5. Name three people who joined Jason on the Argo? 5 minutes Answers • 1. The Cenataurs • 2. hunting, sailing, history • 3. Because if he didn’t everyone would say he was a coward. • 4. Athene blessed the ship. • 5. Any three of: Heracles, Atalanta, Orpheus, Castor or Pollux. Use evidence from the text (p15) to explain your answers. • 1. Why do you think Pelias sent Jason to find the Golden Fleece? Explain. -
Macedonian Kings, Egyptian Pharaohs the Ptolemaic Family In
Department of World Cultures University of Helsinki Helsinki Macedonian Kings, Egyptian Pharaohs The Ptolemaic Family in the Encomiastic Poems of Callimachus Iiro Laukola ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Helsinki in auditorium XV, University Main Building, on the 23rd of September, 2016 at 12 o’clock. Helsinki 2016 © Iiro Laukola 2016 ISBN 978-951-51-2383-1 (paperback.) ISBN 978-951-51-2384-8 (PDF) Unigrafia Helsinki 2016 Abstract The interaction between Greek and Egyptian cultural concepts has been an intense yet controversial topic in studies about Ptolemaic Egypt. The present study partakes in this discussion with an analysis of the encomiastic poems of Callimachus of Cyrene (c. 305 – c. 240 BC). The success of the Ptolemaic Dynasty is crystallized in the juxtaposing of the different roles of a Greek ǴdzȅǻǽǷȏȄ and of an Egyptian Pharaoh, and this study gives a glimpse of this political and ideological endeavour through the poetry of Callimachus. The contribution of the present work is to situate Callimachus in the core of the Ptolemaic court. Callimachus was a proponent of the Ptolemaic rule. By reappraising the traditional Greek beliefs, he examined the bicultural rule of the Ptolemies in his encomiastic poems. This work critically examines six Callimachean hymns, namely to Zeus, to Apollo, to Artemis, to Delos, to Athena and to Demeter together with the Victory of Berenice, the Lock of Berenice and the Ektheosis of Arsinoe. Characterized by ambiguous imagery, the hymns inspect the ruptures in Greek thought during the Hellenistic age. -
Myth Made Fact Lesson 8: Jason with Dr
Myth Made Fact Lesson 8: Jason with Dr. Louis Markos Outline: Jason Jason was a foundling, who was a royal child who grew up as a peasant. Jason was son of Eason. Eason was king until Pelias threw him into exile, also sending Jason away. When he came of age he decided to go to fulfill his destiny. On his way to the palace he helped an old man cross a river. When Jason arrived he came with only one sandal, as the other had been ripped off in the river. Pelias had been warned, “Beware the man with one sandal.” Pelias challenges Jason to go and bring back the Golden Fleece. About a generation or so earlier there had been a cruel king who tried to gain favor with the gods by sacrificing a boy and a girl. o Before he could do it, the gods sent a rescue mission. They sent a golden ram with a golden fleece that could fly. The ram flew Phrixos and Helle away. o The ram came to Colchis, in the southeast corner of the Black Sea. Helle slipped and fell and drowned in the Hellespont, which means Helle’s bridge (between Europe and Asia). o Phrixos sacrificed the ram and gave the fleece as a gift to the people of Colchis, to King Aeetes. o The Golden Fleece gives King Aeetes power. Jason builds the Argo. The Argonauts are the sailors of the Argo. Jason and the Argonauts go on the journey to get the Golden Fleece. Many of the Argonauts are the fathers of the soldiers of the Trojan War. -
THE ARGONAUTIKA He'd Gone on His Vain Quest with Peirithoos: That Couple Would Have Made Their Task's Fulfillment Far Easier for Them All
Book I Starting from you, Phoibos, the deeds ofthose old-time mortals I shall relute, who by way ofthe Black Sea's mouth and through the cobalt-dark rocks, at King Pelias 's commandment, in search of the Golden Fleece drove tight-thwarted Argo. For Pelias heard it voiced that in time thereafter a grim fate would await him, death at the prompting of the man he saw come, one-sandaled, from folk in the country: and not much later-in accordance with your word-Jason, fording on foot the Anauros's wintry waters, saved from the mud one sandal, but left the other stuck fast in the flooded estuary, pressed straight on to have his share in the sacred feast that Pelias was preparing for Poseidon his father, and the rest of the gods, though paying no heed to Pelasgian Hera. The moment Pelias saw him, he knew, and devised him a trial of most perilous seamanship, that in deep waters or away among foreign folk he might lose his homecoming. ,\row singers before 7ny time have recounted how the vessel was fashioned 4 Argos with the guidance of Athena. IW~cctIplan to do now is tell the name and farnib of each hero, describe their long voyage, all they accomplished in their wanderings: may the Muses inspire mnj sinpng! First in our record be Orpheus, whom famous Kalliope, after bedding Thracian Oikgros, bore, they tell us, 44 THE XRGONAUTIKA hard by Pimpleia's high rocky lookout: Orpheus, who's said to have charmed unshiftable upland boulders and the flow of rivers with the sound of his music. -
Bacchylides 17: Singing and Usurping the Paean Maria Pavlou
Bacchylides 17: Singing and Usurping the Paean Maria Pavlou ACCHYLIDES 17, a Cean commission performed on Delos, has been the subject of extensive study and is Bmuch admired for its narrative artistry, elegance, and excellence. The ode was classified as a dithyramb by the Alex- andrians, but the Du-Stil address to Apollo in the closing lines renders this classification problematic and has rather baffled scholars. The solution to the thorny issue of the ode’s generic taxonomy is not yet conclusive, and the dilemma paean/ dithyramb is still alive.1 In fact, scholars now are more inclined to place the poem somewhere in the middle, on the premise that in antiquity the boundaries between dithyramb and paean were not so clear-cut as we tend to believe.2 Even though I am 1 Paean: R. Merkelbach, “Der Theseus des Bakchylides,” ZPE 12 (1973) 56–62; L. Käppel, Paian: Studien zur Geschichte einer Gattung (Berlin 1992) 156– 158, 184–189; H. Maehler, Die Lieder des Bakchylides II (Leiden 1997) 167– 168, and Bacchylides. A Selection (Cambridge 2004) 172–173; I. Rutherford, Pindar’s Paeans (Oxford 2001) 35–36, 73. Dithyramb: D. Gerber, “The Gifts of Aphrodite (Bacchylides 17.10),” Phoenix 19 (1965) 212–213; G. Pieper, “The Conflict of Character in Bacchylides 17,” TAPA 103 (1972) 393–404. D. Schmidt, “Bacchylides 17: Paean or Dithyramb?” Hermes 118 (1990) 18– 31, at 28–29, proposes that Ode 17 was actually an hyporcheme. 2 B. Zimmermann, Dithyrambos: Geschichte einer Gattung (Hypomnemata 98 [1992]) 91–93, argues that Ode 17 was a dithyramb for Apollo; see also C. -
Hesiod Theogony.Pdf
Hesiod (8th or 7th c. BC, composed in Greek) The Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are probably slightly earlier than Hesiod’s two surviving poems, the Works and Days and the Theogony. Yet in many ways Hesiod is the more important author for the study of Greek mythology. While Homer treats cer- tain aspects of the saga of the Trojan War, he makes no attempt at treating myth more generally. He often includes short digressions and tantalizes us with hints of a broader tra- dition, but much of this remains obscure. Hesiod, by contrast, sought in his Theogony to give a connected account of the creation of the universe. For the study of myth he is im- portant precisely because his is the oldest surviving attempt to treat systematically the mythical tradition from the first gods down to the great heroes. Also unlike the legendary Homer, Hesiod is for us an historical figure and a real per- sonality. His Works and Days contains a great deal of autobiographical information, in- cluding his birthplace (Ascra in Boiotia), where his father had come from (Cyme in Asia Minor), and the name of his brother (Perses), with whom he had a dispute that was the inspiration for composing the Works and Days. His exact date cannot be determined with precision, but there is general agreement that he lived in the 8th century or perhaps the early 7th century BC. His life, therefore, was approximately contemporaneous with the beginning of alphabetic writing in the Greek world. Although we do not know whether Hesiod himself employed this new invention in composing his poems, we can be certain that it was soon used to record and pass them on. -
5.5 X 10 Long Title.P65
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-67827-8 - Euripides: Hippolytus Ben Shaw Excerpt More information List of characters APHRODITE goddess of love (also called Cypris) HIPPOLYTUS son of Theseus HUNTSMEN followers of Hippolytus SERVANT a member of the royal household at Trozen CHORUS women of Trozen NURSE Phaedra’s attendant PHAEDRA wife of Theseus THESEUS king of Athens and Trozen MESSENGER one of Hippolytus’ attendants ARTEMIS goddess of chastity and hunting 1 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-67827-8 - Euripides: Hippolytus Ben Shaw Excerpt More information PROLOGUE (1–117) Euripides’ prologues introduce elements of plot which explain the situation as the play begins. In Hippolytus the goddess Aphrodite, chief architect of the events of the play, delivers a prologue that predicts the future as well as explaining the recent past. Setting Hippolytus, produced in Athens in 428 BC, takes place in Trozen, a coastal town thirty miles south of Athens. The ske-ne- (stage building, see pages 122–3) represents the royal palace. In front of the palace are two statues, one of Aphrodite, the other of Artemis (both statues are directly addressed or referred to in the play – see 66, 98, 112 and 513). The Greek audience would immediately recognise a conflict of interests: Aphrodite stands for sexual love, Artemis for chastity. Aphrodite Aphrodite, the goddess of love, in this play is often called ‘Cypris’ (2) since she was first worshipped on the island of Cyprus, traditionally her birthplace. She represents sexual love, often denounced in Greek literature as an uncontrollable, destructive force that overrides rational, moral conduct (a view strongly expressed in Euripides’ Medea). -
Hercules, Heracles, Herakles
Ms. Lardas/Mrs. Despines/Mrs. Rentschler February 2013 Hercules, Heracles, Herakles Print Books that may be helpful are located on a cart. These books will not be checked out of the library so that everyone has fair access to them. General encyclopedias may be helpful. They are located near the computers at the front of the library. eBooks USC High School’s FollettShelf eBooks: Go to the high school web site and click on the LIBRARY tab, or go the the USCHS Library class in Blended Schools. Notice that there is a link to the Quick Reference Guide for the Follett Digital Reader to help you navigate through the ebook. Click onto the FOLLETTSHELF icon. User name: uschs password: panther Click onto The Facts on File encyclopedia of world mythology and legend. Click the OPEN BOOK link. After you are done reading the book, you must go to the top left of toolbar and click the FOLLETT SHELF ICON. On the next screen, click CLOSE TITLE. 1 POWER Library Database---eBooks from EBSCOhost From STUDENT LINKS, click POWER Library. Under LITERATURE click eBooks on EBSCO Type the title of your work in the FIND bar. If necessary, make sure to select FULL TEXT. For home access: Go to STUDENT LINKS or go to the Township Library’s web page http://www.twpusc.org/library/index.html o You will need the barcode number from your TOWNSHIP LIBRARY CARD! o On the right-hand side of the screen, click onto ONLINE DATABASES. Click POWER LIBRARY under “Databases by Subject,” or “General Reference.” o Follow the directions and enter the barcode number on your Township Library card. -
THE DIONYSIAN PARADE and the POETICS of PLENITUDE by Professor Eric Csapo 20 February 2013 ERIC CSAPO
UCL DEPARTMENT OF GREEK AND LATIN HOUSMAN LECTURE UCL Housman Lecture THE DIONYSIAN PARADE AND THE POETICS OF PLENITUDE by Professor Eric Csapo 20 February 2013 ERIC CSAPO A.E. Housman (1859–1936) Born in Worcestershire in 1859, Alfred Edward Housman was a gifted classical scholar and poet. After studying in Oxford, Housman worked for ten years as a clerk, while publishing and writing scholarly articles on Horace, Propertius, Ovid, Aeschylus, Euripides and Sophocles. He gradually acquired such a high reputation that in 1892 he returned to the academic world as Professor of Classics at University College London (1892–1911) and then as Kennedy Professor of Latin at Trinity College, Cambridge (1911–1936). Housman Lectures at UCL The Department of Greek and Latin at University College London organizes regular Housman Lectures, named after its illustrious former colleague (with support from UCL Alumni). Housman Lectures, delivered by a scholar of international distinction, originally took place every second year and now happen every year, alternating between Greek and Roman topics (Greek lectures being funded by the A.G. Leventis Foundation). The fifth Housman lecture, which was given by Professor Eric Csapo (Professor of Classics, University of Sydney) on 20 February 2013, is here reproduced with minor adjustments. This lecture and its publication were generously supported by the A.G. Leventis Foundation. 2 HOUSMAN LECTURE The Dionysian Parade and the Poetics of Plenitude Scholarship has treated our two greatest Athenian festivals very differently.1 The literature on the procession of the Panathenaea is vast. The literature on the Parade (pompe) of the Great Dionysia is miniscule. -
Inconsistencies in Characters' Speeches in Apollonius' Argonautica
Inconsistencies in Characters’ Speeches in Apollonius’ Argonautica This paper argues that a number of challenging cruces in Apollonian scholarship can be solved by applying the ancient literary-critical principle of λύσις ἐκ τοῦ προσώπου, or “solution from the character speaking,” known from the ancient Homeric scholiasts and commentators like Porphyry, who gives us this term (ad Il. 3.122, 14.434). This principle holds that inconsistencies arising in a character’s speech may owe not to an oversight on the part of the poet but rather to that character’s point of view or deceptive motives (Dachs 1913, de Jong 2001: xiv, O’Hara 2007: 11). James O’Hara has put this insight to good use in his study of inconsistencies in Roman epic, arguing, for instance, that certain incongruities in the Lycaon episode of Ovid’s Metamorphoses put Jupiter’s reliability as an internal narrator in doubt (O’Hara 2007: 116–118). It is my contention that this type of analysis may be fruitfully applied to Hellenistic epic as well, whence, indeed, Latin poets may have partly derived the technique of characterization through inconsistency. Some problems in Apollonius have already benefitted from this approach; one example is the idea that Pelias invents the religious justification of the quest for the fleece as a pretext for Jason’s suicide mission (see especially Pietsch 1999: 28–49). Malcolm Campbell has noted the applicability of this explanation to a variety of cruces (see Campbell 1971: 416), but has not argued the point at any length, and for other vexed passages, this solution has yet to be proposed. -
Greece, the Land Where Myths Replaces Reality
GREECE, THE LAND WHERE MYTHS REPLACE REALITY (Myths about Epirus) What is myth and what does it serve? Myth is a narrative based usually on a false story which can not be used as a replacement of history, but sometimes myth might be considered a distorted account of a real historical event. The myth does not differ much from a folktale and usually the boundary between them is very thin. Myth must not be used to reconstruct, however in the ancient society of the so called “”Ancient Greeks”” myth was usually regarded as a true account for a remote past. Surprisingly this ‘tradition’ is descended to the Modern Greeks as well. They never loose the chance to use the myths and the mythology of a remote past and to pose them as their real ethnic history. This job is being done combining the ancient myths with the ones already created in the modern era. Now let’s take a look at two Greek myths, respectively one ancient and one modern, while our job is to prove that even these myths are respectively hijacked or created to join realities not related to each other, but unfortunately propagandized belonging to a real history, the history of the Greek race. Thus before we analyze and expose some of their myths which are uncountable, we are inclined to say that whatever is considered Greek History is completely based on mythical stories, whose reliability and truthiness is deeply compromised for the mere fact that is based on myths not only by the Modern Greeks and especially philhellenes, but even by the ancient authors.