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For queries about offprints, copyright and republication of your article, please contact the publisher via [email protected] ORIENTALIA LOVANIENSIA ANALECTA ————— 247 —————

COPTIC SOCIETY, LITERATURE AND RELIGION FROM LATE ANTIQUITY TO MODERN TIMES

Proceedings of the Tenth International Congress of Coptic Studies, Rome, September 17th-22th, 2012 and Plenary Reports of the Ninth International Congress of Coptic Studies, Cairo, September 15th-19th, 2008

Volume II

edited by

PAOLA BUZI, ALBERTO CAMPLANI and FEDERICO CONTARDI

PEETERS LEUVEN – PARIS – BRISTOL, CT 2016

998189_Buzi_OLA_VOL8189_Buzi_OLA_VOL II_voorwerk.inddII_voorwerk.indd IIIIII 111/07/161/07/16 07:1807:18 CONTENTS

ABBREVIATIONS ...... XV

Paola BUZI, Alberto CAMPLANI, Tito ORLANDI Introduction ...... XVII

NINTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF COPTIC STUDIES, CAIRO, SEPTEMBER 15th-19th, 2008

PLENARY REPORTS

Theofried BAUMEISTER Orient and Occident in Early Christian Monasticism . . . . . 3

Heike BEHLMER Research on Coptic Literature (2004-2008) ...... 19

Nathalie BOSSON Recent Research on Coptic Bible (2000-2008) ...... 49

Jean-Daniel DUBOIS Études gnostiques 2004-2008 avec un appendice sur le Manichéisme en Égypte ...... 99

Mark SHERIDAN Research and Publications in Egyptian Monasticism, 2004-2008 . 131

Stephen J. DAVIS History and Historiography in Coptic Studies 2004-2008 . . . . 151

Tonio Sebastian RICHTER Recent Reasearch in Coptic Papyrology (2004-2008) . . . . . 197

Ewa D. ZAKRZEWSKA Coptic Linguistics 2004-2008: Synthesis and Perspectives . . . 227

Cäcilia FLUCK Late Antique and Christian Art in Egypt: Progress in Research between 2004 and 2008 ...... 259

* * *

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TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF COPTIC STUDIES, ROME, SEPTEMBER 17th-22nd, 2012

PART I – PLENARY REPORTS

Anne BOUD’HORS Adresse Présidentielle ...... 297

Heike BEHLMER New Research on Coptic Literature 2008-2012 ...... 303

Andrew CRISLIP Shenoute Studies ...... 335

James E. GOEHRING New Developments in the Study of Egyptian Monasticism 2008-2012 365

Alain DELATTRE Recherches récentes en papyrologie documentaire copte (2008-2012) 405

Sofía TORALLAS TOVAR Progress in Coptic Palaeography and Codicology (2004-2012) . . 431

Heinzgerd BRAKMANN New Discoveries and Studies in the Liturgy of the Copts (2004-2012) 457

Tonio Sebastian RICHTER Coptic Linguistics 2008-2012 ...... 483

Alessandro BAUSI Ethiopic Literary Production Related to the Christian Egyptian Culture 503

Karel C. INNEMÉE Archaeological Fieldwork 2008-2012 ...... 573

Gertrud J.M. VAN LOON Christian Art in Egypt (2008-2012) ...... 597

PART II – PANELS

Bawit. A Monastic Community, its Structures and its Texts

Gesa SCHENKE Introduction ...... 637

Gisèle HADJI-MINAGLOU Découvertes récentes à Baouît ...... 639

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Cédric MEURICE La sculpture copte: découvertes récentes à Baouît ...... 651

Florent CALAMENT L’apport des nouvelles découvertes épigraphiques à Baouît (2006- 2012) ...... 659

Olivier BOUET La chaire de Baouît: hypothèse de restitutions à partir de modèles numériques ...... 669

Gesa SCHENKE Micro- and Macro-Management Responsibilities of the Head of the Monastery of Apa Apollo at Bawit ...... 683

Thebes in Late Antiquity

Malcolm CHOAT and Jennifer CROMWELL Introduction ...... 695

Richard BURCHFIELD “The Man of Jeme” Designations of Place and Witness Statements in Western Thebes ...... 699

Alain DELATTRE et Guy LECUYOT À qui et à quoi servaient les «ermitages» des vallées sud-ouest de la montagne thébaine? ...... 709

Esther GAREL Les testaments des supérieurs du Monastère de Saint-Phoibammon à Deir el-Bahari. Documents inédits ...... 719

Suzana HODAK The ostraca of Deir el-Bachit and the “Anatolios-Zacharias Archive” 723

Thomas BECKH Monks, Magicians, Archaeologists. New Results on Coptic Settlement Development in Dra‘ Abu el-Naga North, Western Thebes . . . 739

Malcolm CHOAT Posidonios and the Monks of TT233 on Dra Abu el-Naga . . . 749

Renate DEKKER A Relative Chronology of the Topos of Epiphanius: The Identification of its Leaders ...... 755

Andrea HASZNOS Writings and Readings of the Monks at TT 65 ...... 769

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Matthew UNDERWOOD and Heike BEHLMER Coptic Documents from the Tomb of Mery, Theban Tomb No. 95 . 779

The Reconstruction and Edition of Coptic Biblical Manuscripts

Frank FEDER Introduction ...... 797

Siegfried G. RICHTER The Coptic New Testament and the Editio Critica Maior . . . . 803

Karlheinz SCHÜSSLER Zur 14C-Dtierung der koptischen Pergamenthandschriften sa 11, sa 615 und sa 924 ...... 811

Nathalie BOSSON Jonas. La version saïdique du Codex Crosby-Schøyen Ms. 193 et les ses liens avec la version paléo-bohairique du Papyrus Vatican Copte 9 des Petits Prophètes ...... 821

Hany N. TAKLA The Sahidic Book of Tobit and its Relationship to Arabic Manuscripts Found in Egypt ...... 839

Hans FÖRSTER Die sahidische Überlieferung des Johannesevangeliums und ihre Bedeu- tung für die Neutestamentlische Textkritik (FWF-Projekt P22017) . . 847

Anne BOUD’HORS The Gospel of Mark in Sahidic Coptic: New Insights . . . . . 855

Christian ASKELAND The Sahidic Apocalypse and its Greek Vorlage ...... 865

Albertus TEN KATE Variantes significatives des chapitres 26 et 27 de Matthieu selon le Codex Schoeyen ...... 877

PART III – PAPERS FROM THE THEME SECTIONS

Literature

Tito ORLANDI and Alin SUCIU The End of the Library of the Monastery of Atripe ...... 891

Janet TIMBIE Meleta and Monastic Formation ...... 919

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Carolyn SCHNEIDER The Image of God in On Love and Self-Control and Instruction concerning a Spiteful Monk ...... 929

Stephen EMMEL Editing Shenoute, Old Problems, New Prospects: The Date of She- noute’s Death ...... 937

David BRAKKE Shenoute and the Jews ...... 945

Victor GHICA and Antonia ST DEMIANA “His Toil was not in Vain”. Two Unpublished Coptic Fragments of the Encomium on Athanasius Attributed to Cyril of Alexandria (IFAO inv. 79-80) ...... 953

Matthias MÜLLER Re-Editing “The Correspondence of Peter III Mongus, Patriarch of Alexandria, and Acacius, Patriarch of Constantinople” (Codex Vatican Copt. 62, ff. 62r-89r). A Preliminary Report ...... 969

Alberto CAMPLANI and Federico CONTARDI The Canons Attributed to Basil of Caesarea. A New Coptic Codex 979

Carol DOWNER Some Unparalleled Fragments of De Lagarde’s Catenae in Evangelia Aegyptiacae quae supersedunt (Göttingen 1886) which may Contribute to our Knowledge of Eusebius of Caesarea’s Quaestiones ad Stepha- num et ad Marinum ...... 993

Mark SHERIDAN Pseudepigrapha and False Attribution in Coptic Sermons . . . . 1005

Bigoul AL SURIANI A Copto-Arabic Text Ascribed to Rufus of Shotep ...... 1013

Jason R. ZABOROWSKI The Stylistic Sophistication of the Sahidic Life of Samuel of Kalamōn . 1023

Faustina DOUFIKAR-AERTS The Copto-Arabic or Quzman Version of the Alexander Romance and its Religious Muslim-Christian Hibridity ...... 1033

Myriam WISSA Yusab of Alexandria, Dionysius of Tel-Mahre, Al-Ma’mun of Bagh- dad, the Bashmurites and the Narrative of the Last Rebellion in ‘Abbassid Egypt: Re-Considering Coptic and Syriac Historiography 1045

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Fatin Morris GUIRGUIS Orality as Resistance among the Persecuted Copts ...... 1063

Anba MARTYROS Ancient Manuscripts Folios Found in the Keep of al Surian Monastery in Wadi al Natrun ...... 1073

Hagiography

Theofried BAUMEISTER Der Apostel Paulus in der ägyptischen Märtyrerhagiographie . . 1085

Nikolaos KOUREMENOS The Account of Seventy Idols in Coptic Hagiographical Tradition . 1095

Paola BUZI Re-Interpreting History: Constantine and the Constantinian Age According to Coptic Hagiography ...... 1117

Anna ROGOZHINA A ‘Tour of Hell’ in the Martyrdom of St Philoteus of Antioch . . 1129

Marc MALEVEZ Essai de datation relative des différentes versions de la Mission de Paphnuce / Vie d’Onuphre et des Apophthegmes qui en sont à l’origine ...... 1137

Sami ULJAS A Preliminary Report on the Edition Project “Martyrs and Archangels: Five Coptic Texts in the Pierpont Morgan Library” . . . . . 1147

Asuka TSUJI Preliminary Report on Four Saints from the Mamluk Period: Ḥadīd, Yuhannā al-Rabbān, Barṣaumā al-‘Uryān, and ‘Alam . . . . . 1153

Gnostic Literature and Magical Texts

Wolf B. OERTER Schreiber oder Korrektoren? Zu den Korrekturen in den Nag-Hammadi- Schriften ...... 1163

Hugo LUNDHAUG Nag Hammadi Codex VII and Monastic Manuscript Culture . . 1177

Zuzana VÍTKOVÁ Adam gives Names to the Animals: Genesis 2,19-20 and the Sig- nificance of Names in Gnostic Theology ...... 1193

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Jean-Daniel DUBOIS La figure de Bérénice et ses sources dans la version copte des Actes de Pilate ...... 1201

Anna SOFIA Pharmakeia’s Scene from PSI XI 1214 Reconsidered: Survivals in Coptic Magic ...... 1213

Luigi PRADA Oneirology versus Oneiromancy in Early Christian Egypt: Contex- tualising P. Duke inv. 244 (= Duke Coptic MS. 25) . . . . . 1221

Korshi DOSOO Baktiotha: The Origin of a Magical Name in P.Macq. I 1 . . . 1237

Anna VAN DEN KERCHOVE De quelques énoncés barbares dans des écrits gnostiques . . . . 1245

Liturgy

Magdalena KUHN Preserving Traditional Coptic Melodies outside Egypt . . . . 1259

Epiphanius ALMACARY The Morning Adam Doxologies According to the Manuscripts of St Macarius’ Library ...... 1267

Youhanna Nessim YOUSSEF Doxology and Eschatology ...... 1279

Ashraf Alexandre SADEK L’héritage copte des prières de l’Égypte ancienne: d’Horus à Abou Tarbou? ...... 1289

Documentary Papyrology

María Jesús ALBARRÁN MARTÍNEZ The Coptic Ostraca of the Palau-Ribes Collection. New Perspectives and Edition ...... 1301

Sohair S. AHMED Two Coptic Legal Ostraca ...... 1317

Linguistics

Wolf-Peter FUNK The Future Conjunctives of Southern Coptic Dialects . . . . . 1325

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Ariel SHISHA-HALEVY Noun Predication in Shenoute’s Rhetorical Poetics ...... 1333

Victor GHICA Two Newcomers in the B5 Family: The Naqlūn Kalandologia . . 1339

Chris H. REINTGES Tense/Aspect and Polarity-Sensitive Complementizer Alternations in Coptic Relative Clause Constructions ...... 1349

Adel SIDARUS Une introduction arabe médiévale à l’alphabet et à la phonologie coptes ...... 1361

Frank FEDER The Integration of a Coptic Lexicon and Text Corpus into the The- saurus Linguae Aegyptiae ...... 1375

Archaeology

Eva SUBÍAS A Byzantine Domain in the Suburbs of Oxyrhynchos . . . . . 1383

Dolors CODINA REINA Le monde funéraire byzantin du Ve au VIIe siècles sur le site d’Oxyrhin- chus, el-Bahnasa, Égypte ...... 1397

Yvonne PETRINA Late Antique Jewellery from Egypt: Workshops and Select Literary Sources ...... 1413

Anton VOYTENKO Grave 249/2 at Deir el-Banat. A Typical Example of Coptic Ordinary Burial Custom ...... 1421

Rosanna PIRELLI and Paola BUZI The Coptic Site of Manqabad: An Italian-Egyptian Project . . . 1433

Giuseppina CIPRIANO Ritual Equipments in the Cemetery of el-Bagawat (Kharga Oasis): Some Remarks ...... 1447

Karel C. INNEMÉE The Monastery of St. Macarius, Survey and Documentation Work 2009-2012 ...... 1463

Amandine MÉRAT Tell-Edfou au Musée du Louvre: Nouvelles recherches menées sur les broderies provenant du cimetière médiéval ...... 1479

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Giacomo CAVILLIER The Butehamon Project. Coptic “Traces and Paths” in the Theban Necropolis ...... 1495

Sherin Sadek EL GENDI L’ambon dans l’art copte ...... 1501

Randa BALIGH Coptic Antiquities in the Sudan National Museum and Early Chris- tianity in Sudan ...... 1521

Julien AUBER DE LAPIERRE and Loreleï VANDERHEYDEN The “Simaika-Pacha” Association: Salvaging a Forgotten Storage Unit of the Coptic Museum, Cairo ...... 1537

Elisabeth R. O’CONNELL Wadi Sarga at the British Museum: Sources for Study (with Anno- tated Bibliography) ...... 1547

Art

Dominique BÉNAZETH, Anita QUILES, Mark VAN STRYDONCK et Michel WUTTMANN La question des datations dans l’art et l’archéologie coptes: recherches au Musée du Louvre ...... 1567

Emiliano RICCHI Aspects of Restoration Work and Studies Conducted in the Coptic Monasteries of Egypt during the Last Twenty Years . . . . . 1579

Alberto SUCATO Late Antique Paintings at the Red Monastery: Differences between Ancient Egyptian Secco and Roman Fresco Painting Techniques . 1589

Olga V. OSHARINA On a More Precise Definition and Dating of a Coptic Miniature Representing Christ ...... 1597

Randa BALIGH and Mostafa SHALABY A Comparison between Coptic Icons in Egypt and Icons of St Catherine’s in Sinai ...... 1611

Mary KUPELIAN Notes on the Armenians and the Coptic Heritage ...... 1623

Monica RENÉ The Renaissance of Coptic Art during the Late 20th Century in Egypt 1641

998189_Buzi_OLA_VOL8189_Buzi_OLA_VOL II_voorwerk.inddII_voorwerk.indd XIIIXIII 111/07/161/07/16 07:1807:18 THE MORNING ADAM DOXOLOGIES ACCORDING TO THE MANUSCRIPTS OF ST MACARIUS’ LIBRARY

Epiphanius ALMACARY

In the Coptic Church, after reciting the psalms of the morning prayer and the opening of the gospel of John (1: 1-17),1 or that of the gospel of Mark (accord- ing to other manuscripts),2 the MorningAdamDoxologies follow, called in According to the printed psalmodias of the Coptic .ذكصولوجيات باكر آدام Arabic Church,3 the MorningAdamDoxologies contain nine units. Almost all printed psalmodias restrict them to the following nine ones:

Ⲁ. ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ ⲙⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲓ We worship the Father and the Son Ⲃ. ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲁⲫⲙⲏⲓ O true Light Ⲅ. ⲛⲑⲟ ⲑⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ You are the mother of Light Ⲇ. ⲁⲡⲓⲥⲑⲟⲓⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ The select incense Ⲉ. ϩⲁⲛⲁⲛϣⲟ ⲛϣⲟ Thousands of thousands Ⲋ. ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ Our fathers the apostles Ⲍ. ϩⲁⲛⲭⲗⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲧⲗⲱⲙ Unfading crowns Ⲏ. ⲛⲏⲈⲐⲨ ⲛⲧⲁⲕ Your saints Ⲑ. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲏⲗⲓⲁⲥ Hail Elijah

(The second one is not a doxology, but a Psali Adam according to some manuscripts,4 and is attributed by Abu’l-Barakat to the patriarch of Alexandria Benjamin the first [AD 622-661], and it is Greek in origin, according to Le CodexSinaïtiquegrec8635).

1 TheCopticOrthodoxPrayerBookoftheHours,TheAgpeya, Coptic Orthodox Church of St. George, Brooklyn N.Y., 1981, p. 30-32. 2 O.H.E.BURMESTER, TheHorologionoftheEgyptianChurch,CopticandArabicTextsFrom aMediaevalManuscript (StudiaOrientaliaChristiana),Cairo, 1973, p. 25. 3 Cf. ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲇⲓⲁ ⲈⲐⲨ ⲛⲧⲉⲙⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ,Klaudios Labib, 1908, p. 283-299, ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲇⲓⲁ ⲈⲐⲨ ⲛⲧⲉⲙⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ,Guiza and St Mina Monastery, 2004, p. 288- 303,ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲯⲁⲗⲙⲟⲇⲓⲁ ⲈⲐⲨ ⲛⲧⲉⲙⲣⲟⲙⲡⲓ,Nahdat Al-kanaes, 1st edition, 1949, p. 267- 282,TheHolyPsalmodia, Saint Mary’s Coptic Orthodox Church, Lynnwood, WA, second edition, 1997, p. 115-125, TheHolyPsalmody, Saint Mary and Saint Antonios Coptic Orthodox Church, Ridgewood, NY, p. 243-257. 4 BURMESTER,TheHorologionoftheEgyptianChurch,p. 25. 5 J. MATÉOS, UnhorologioninéditdeSaintSabas.LeCodexSinaïtiquegrec863, inMélanges EugèneTisserant,vol.III(StudieTesti 233), Città del Vaticano, 1964, p. 47-64.

Book 1.indb 1267 11/07/16 07:34 1268 E. ALMACARY

We know that in the contemporaryCopticrite there are two types of tunes, Air Batos chanted in 4 days of the week (Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday) and Air Adam chanted in Sunday, Monday and Tuesday. According to the 16th chapter of the book of Misbâh az-Zulmah (Lampa tenebrarum), by Abu’l-Barakat Ibn Kabar (†1324), the celebrants chant the Psali Adam (the second unit) in the Adam days, followed by the doxologies Adam.6 But in Batos days they chant the first unit (ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ ⲙⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲓ) then the Psali Adam only; and after the Psali and Theotokia of the day, they chant another group of Batos doxologies. And perhaps this was the tradition of the church of Al-Moalaka in Old Cairo in the 14th century.7 We notice that the printed Psalmodias include dozens of Batos doxologies, but only those Adamdoxologies included in the MorningAdamDoxologies (in addition to a doxology Adam to St Demiana). However, there are differences between this published text and some of the extant mss. Here is a description of two manuscripts in the library of St Macarius’ Monastery: 1. M1: Ms. Lit 101, (serial no. 145),8 copied on 1610 AM (1894 AD), 2. M2: Ms. Lit 107 (serial no. 151),9 copied in the eighteenth century, with this colophon (folio 131v-130r): “this psalmodia was in the land of Abyssinia, in the cell of the metropolitan … and it is from the monastery of great saint Abou Makar (Saint Macarius)” …, وهدا الابصلموديه كانت بارض الحبش في قلايت المطران ... من دير ابينا القديس العظيم ابو مقار...

In both mss. we find two additional doxologies, one doxology for the holy Virgin Mary (ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ), and the second one for St Macarius the Great (ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲡ). We can compare these two mss. with the printed psalmodies in the following table:

Title Printed M1 M2 Ⲁ. ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ ⲙⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲓ +++ Ⲃ. ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲁⲫⲙⲏⲓ +++ Ⲅ. ⲛⲑⲟ ⲑⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ +++ 1. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ++ Ⲇ. ⲁⲡⲓⲥⲑⲟⲓⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ +++

6 It seems that the doxology of the apostles was different than the one chanted today, and its beginning was ⲁⲛⲓⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ. 7 Themanuscriptof Misbâhaz-Zulmah(Lampatenebrarum), by Abu’l-Barakat Ibn Kabar, preserved in Samanoud, in Lower Egypt (see the photos). 8 U. ZANETTI, LesManuscritsdeDairAbûMaqar, Genève, 1986, p. 27. 9 ZANETTI, LesManuscritsdeDairAbûMaqar, p. 28.

Book 1.indb 1268 11/07/16 07:34 THE MORNING ADAM DOXOLOGIES 1269

Title Printed M1 M2 Ⲉ. ϩⲁⲛⲁⲛϣⲟ ⲛϣⲟ +++ Ⲋ. ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ +++ Ⲍ ϩⲁⲛⲭⲗⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲧⲗⲱⲙ +++ 5. ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲡ ++ Ⲏ. ⲛⲏⲈⲐⲨ ⲛⲧⲁⲕ +++ Ⲑ. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲏⲗⲓⲁⲥ +++

If for example we compare these mss. with others from the Monastery of the Holy Virgin in Baiad (Deir Al-Adra Baiad in Beni Sweif, Middle Egypt), we would discover additional units (unpublishedcatalogue): 1. B1: In Ms. Lit 53, dated 1507 AM, folio 315, there is a doxology to the holy twelve apostles (ⲡⲓⲓⲃ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲡⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲧⲏⲣ)10 instead of the traditional one to the apostles (ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ). 2. B2: In Ms. Lit 54, dated 1603 AM, folio 124 there is a doxology to St Antony the Great (ⲁⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧⲥⲙⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ)11 followed by a doxology to St Paul the first Hermit (ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲏ).12 3. B3: The same thing occurs in MS Lit 55 where a doxology to St Antony is followed by another to St Paul. The endowment belongs to the monas- tery of St Paul the first hermit, with a signature of bishop Chrystodolos of Jerusalem (in Coptic). 4. B4: Finally, the Ms. Lit 58, dated 1605 AM, is the richest one in these additions, (i) A doxology for the Holy Virgin (ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ),13 (ii) To the twelve apostles (ⲡⲓⲒ⳰Ⲃ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲡⲟⲩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱⲧⲏⲣ), (iii) To St Athanasius the Great (ⲁⲙⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲛⲓⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲓⲁⲛⲟⲥ) and this one is not edited before and not mentioned by dr. Yassa Abd al-Masih,14 (iv) To St Theodore the martyr (ⲑⲱϯ ⲛⲗⲁⲟⲥ ⲙⲫⲟⲟⲩ),15 (v) To St George the martyr (ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲛⲓⲙ),16 (vi) To St Kastur (ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛⲓⲙ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ).17

,Cairo, 1922, p. 120-121 , كتاب التماجيد المقدسة) Cf. The Book of the Holy Laudations 10 (ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲡⲟⲩ instead of ⲁϥⲟⲩⲣⲡⲟⲩ); ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲓⲛϯⲱⲟⲩ ⲈⲐⲨ ⲛϯⲡⲁⲣⲑⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲓⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ ⲛⲓ⳥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲏⲈⲐⲨ, Cairo, 1972, p. 145. 11 Cf. TheBookoftheHolyLaudations, p. 234-235; ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲓⲛϯⲱⲟⲩ, p. 295. 12 Cf. TheBookoftheHolyLaudations, p. 240; ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲓⲛϯⲱⲟⲩ, p. 303. 13 Cf. TheBookoftheHolyLaudations, p. 50-51; ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲓⲛϯⲱⲟⲩ, p. 63. 14 Cf. YASSA ABD AL-MASIH, Doxologies in the Coptic Church, in Bulletin de la Société d’archéologiecopte6 (1940), p. 19-74; 8 (1942), p. 31-61; 11 (1945), p. 93-158. 15 Cf. TheBookoftheHolyLaudations, p. 221-222 (ⲛⲗⲁⲟⲥ instead of ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ). 16 Cf. TheBookoftheHolyLaudations, p. 155-157; ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲓⲛϯⲱⲟⲩ, p. 193. 17 Cf. TheBookoftheHolyLaudations, p. 412-417.

Book 1.indb 1269 11/07/16 07:34 1270 E. ALMACARY

And we can add other two manuscripts, the first one from John Ryland Library, the second one from the Coptic Museum: 1. R: Ms. JR 431 in John Ryland library, Manchester, copied in 1762 AD. In this ms. there is a different doxology to the Holy Virgin with the same beginning (ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ),18 and one to St Antony the Great (ⲁⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧⲥⲙⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ). 2. C: Ms. Lit 332 in the Coptic Museum (Simaika serial no 265). In this ms. we find also the same doxology to St Antony (ⲁⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧⲥⲙⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ), followed by a doxology to St George, but its beginning is missing.

Title B1 B2 B3 B4 R C Ⲁ. ⲧⲉⲛⲟⲩⲱϣⲧ ⲙⲫⲓⲱⲧ ++++++ Ⲃ. ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲁⲫⲙⲏⲓ ++++++ Ⲅ. ⲛⲑⲟ ⲑⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ++++++ 1. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ (1) + 2. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ (2) + Ⲇ. ⲁⲡⲓⲥⲑⲟⲓⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ++++++ Ⲉ. ϩⲁⲛⲁⲛϣⲟ ⲛϣⲟ ++++++ Ⲋ. ⲛⲉⲛⲓⲟϯ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ +++++ 3. ⲡⲓ ⲓⲃ ⲁϥⲥⲱⲧⲡⲟⲩ ++ Ⲍ. ϩⲁⲛⲭⲗⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲧⲗⲱⲙ ++++++ 4. ⲁⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ (ⲁⲛⲧⲟⲛⲓⲟⲥ)++ 5. ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ (ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ) 6. 'ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲟⲩⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ ++ 7. ⲁⲙⲱⲓⲛⲓ (ⲁⲑⲁⲛⲁⲥⲓⲟⲥ)+ 8. ⲑⲱϯ (ⲑⲉⲟⲇⲟⲣⲟⲥ)+ 9. ⲛⲑⲟⲕ ⲛⲓⲙ (ⲅⲉⲟⲣⲅⲓⲟⲥ)++ 10. ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲛⲓⲙ (ⲕⲁⲥⲧⲟⲣ) + Ⲏ. ⲛⲏⲈⲐⲨ ⲛⲧⲁⲕ ++++++ Ⲑ. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲏⲗⲓⲁⲥ ++++++

Below are examples of these doxologies, and we begin by the doxology to the Holy Virgin included in M1 (fol. 110 v -112 v) with a rubric in Arabic, This هذه القطعه تقال لستنا العذرى) sectionistobechantedtoourladytheVirginMary and M2 (fol. 137v - 138v):19 (مرتمريم

18 Cf. TheBookoftheHolyLaudations, p. 39-41; ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲓⲛϯⲱⲟⲩ, p. 29. 19 Cf. TheBookoftheHolyLaudations, p. 50-51; ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲓⲛϯⲱⲟⲩ, p. 63.

Book 1.indb 1270 11/07/16 07:34 THE MORNING ADAM DOXOLOGIES 1271

ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲛⲉ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ϯ ⲡⲁⲣⲐ ⲈⲐⲨ ⲭⲉⲣⲉ Hail (χαῖρε) Mary the Holy Virgin ⲑⲙⲁⲩ ⲙⲫϯ ⲡⲓⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲛⲧⲁ ⲫⲙⲏⲓ (παρθένος), Hail mother of God the True Light. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ϯⲙⲁϩⲂϯ ⲛⲥⲕⲏⲛⲏ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲓ. Hail second tabernacle (σκηνή) of the ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲙⲁⲛϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫϯ ⲡⲓⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ Son, Hail dwelling [place] of God the Word (λόγος). ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲉⲣⲫⲉⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲡⲚⲀ ⲈⲐⲨ ⲭⲉⲣⲉ Hail temple of the Holy Spirit ⲡⲓⲭⲗⲟⲙ ⲛϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲩⲛⲟⲩⲇⲓⲁ (πνεῦμα), Hail the crown of glory of our congregation (συνοδία). ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲓⲥⲟⲥ ⲈⲐⲨ ⲛⲗⲟⲅⲓⲕⲟⲛ Hail holy rational (λογικόν) paradise ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓϣϣⲏⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲱⲛϧ (παράδεισος), Hail tree of life ⲫⲁϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲑⲙⲟⲩ immortal. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ϯⲕⲟⲓ ⲈⲐⲨ ⲉⲧⲁ ⲫϯ ⲥⲙⲟⲩ ⲉⲣⲟⲥ Hail holy field that God blessed. Hail ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲓⲁϩⲁⲗⲟⲗⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲞⲤ ⲥⲁⲃⲁⲱⲑ vine of the Lord of hosts. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓϣⲃⲱⲧ ⲈⲐⲨ ⲛⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲙⲉⲑⲣⲉ Hail holy rod of testimony. Hail ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ϯⲃⲱ ⲛϫⲱⲓⲧ ⲛⲛⲱⲧⲉⲙ ⲉⲧⲣⲏⲧ comely olive tree planted in the ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲏⲓ ⲙⲡⲞⲤ Lord’s house. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ϯⲛⲟⲩⲛⲓ ⲉⲐⲨ ⲙⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲓⲕⲟⲛ Hail holy prophetic (προφητικόν) ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲭⲗⲟⲙ ⲛⲁⲑⲗⲱⲙ root. Hail apostolic (ἀποστολικός) ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲓⲕⲟⲛ unblemished crown. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓϩⲓϣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫⲏⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ Hail kerygma of the Most High. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲡⲓⲥⲑⲟⲓⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ⲉⲧⲥⲱⲧⲡ ⲉⲧⲁϥⲙⲟϩ Hail select incense whose fragrance fills ⲛⲧⲫⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ heaven and earth. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲑⲏⲉⲧⲁⲥⲙⲓⲥⲓ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙⲫϯ ⲡⲓⲗⲟⲅⲟⲥ Hail [Mary] who begot for us God the ⲡⲉⲛⲥⲱ􀛕 ⲣ􀛕 ⲓⲏⲥ ⲁϥⲓ ⲁϥⲥⲱϯ ⲙⲙⲟⲛ Word (λόγος), our Savior (σωτήρ) Jesus who came and delivered us. ⲭⲉⲣⲉ ⲑⲏⲉⲐⲨ ⲑⲙⲁⲩ ⲛⲛⲏⲉⲧⲟⲛϧ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ Hail holy mother of all living, we ask ⲛⲑⲟ ⲡⲉ ⲧⲉⲛⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲙⲙⲟ ⲁⲣⲓⲡⲣⲉⲥⲃⲉⲩⲓⲛ you to intercede (πρεσβεύειν) for us ⲉϫⲱⲛ ϨⲒ that he may forgive us our sins.

DOXOLOGY OF ST. ANTONY THE GREAT

• R (234 v -235 r) in two columns, Coptic and Arabic, with an Arabic rubric: Note that the 6th and 7th stanzas .لابينا الطاهر انطونيوس ToourholyfatherAntonius draw upon the 5th letter of St Antony (5: 3).20 • C (25v) in one column in Coptic, the first four stanza only, with an Arabic ,Then there is a missing leaf or more .وايضا لابونا انطونيوس دكصولوجيه ادام :rubric and on folio 26 there are the last four stanza of the doxology of St George.

20 S. RUBENSON, TheLettersofSt.Antony,MonasticismandtheMakingofaSaint,Minneapolis, 1995, p. 214;SaintAntoine,Lettres(SpiritualitéOrientaleno 19), Bellefontaine, 1967, p. 61.

Book 1.indb 1271 11/07/16 07:34 1272 E. ALMACARY

• B2 (124 r -124 v) in one column, Coptic only, with an Arabic rubric: Toour لابونا القديس fathertheGreatsaintourfatherAntoniosthefatherofthemonks .العظيم ابونا انطونيوس اب الرهبان • B3 (178 v -180 r) in one column, Coptic only, with an Arabic rubric: Toour .لابينا انطونيوسfatherAntonios

(The Arabic text is according to Ms. JR 431 in John Ryland library).21

1. اسمك مبارك أيها العظيم أنبا أنطونيوس ⲁ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲉⲧⲥⲙⲁⲣⲱⲟⲩⲧ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ .1 قد صار مضاء في كل كورة مصر ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲉϥⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲭⲱⲣⲁ ⲧⲏⲣⲥ ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ 2. ًلامعا في قلب المؤمنين مثل الشعاعات ⲉϥϩⲓⲉⲃⲣⲏϫ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡϩⲏⲧ .2 النيرة ًجدا ⲛⲛⲓⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲛⲓⲁⲕⲧⲓⲛ ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ 3. أيها الشجرة المرتفعة الموسقة ثمرة في ⲱ ⲡⲓϣϣⲏⲛ ⲉⲧϭⲟⲥⲓ ⲉⲧⲟⲡⲧ ⲛⲕⲁⲣⲡⲟⲥ .3 البرية كقول النبي ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϩⲓⲡϣⲁⲣⲉ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲡⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲙⲡⲓⲡⲣⲟⲫⲏⲧⲏⲥ 4. بشرنا بالحياة الأبدية والخيرات التي لم ⲁϥϩⲓϣⲉⲛⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙⲡⲓⲱⲛϧ ⲛⲉⲛⲉϩ .4 ترها عين ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲛ ⲛⲏⲉⲧ ⲙⲡⲉ ⲃⲁⲗ ⲛⲁⲩ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ 5. فلنطلب باسم ربنا يسوع كوصايا العظيم ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲛⲧⲱⲃϩ ⲉⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲓⲏⲥ .5 أنبا أنطونيوس ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲛⲓⲡⲁⲣⲁⲇⲟⲥⲓⲥ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ 6. ونسأل صلاح الآب أن يرسل لنا نار ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲉⲣⲉⲧⲓⲛ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧⲁⲅⲁⲑⲟⲥ .6 الروح القدس ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲣⲡ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙⲡⲓⲭⲣⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲡⲛ􀛕 ⲁ ⲈⲐⲨ 7. لتحرق العداوة المطروحة في نفوسنا ⲛⲧⲉϥⲣⲱⲕϩ ⲛϯⲙⲉⲧϫⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲩϩⲏⲧⲥ .7 ويطهرنا ًهيكلا لروح قدسه ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲯⲩⲭⲏ ⲛⲧⲉϥⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ ⲛⲟⲩⲉⲣⲫⲉⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲡⲛ􀛕 ⲁ ⲈⲐⲨ 8. بصلوات أبينا العظيم أنبا أنطونيوس يا ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ .8 رب [اغفر لنا خطايانا] ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲁⲣⲓϩⲙⲟⲧ

1. Your blessed name, great Abba Antony, has shone in all the regions of Egypt. 2. It has become so glowing in the hearts of the faithful like brilliant, twin- kling rays. 3. You are like a high blossoming tree in the wilderness as the prophet (…) says. 4. He has preached to us life eternal and blessings that no eye has ever seen.

21 Cf. TheBookoftheHolyLaudations, p. 234-235; ⲡϫⲱⲙ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓϫⲓⲛϯⲱⲟⲩ, p. 295.

Book 1.indb 1272 11/07/16 07:34 THE MORNING ADAM DOXOLOGIES 1273

5. Let us invoke the name of our Lord Jesus as Abba Antony has commanded us, 6. And ask the righteousness of the Father to send us the fire of the Holy Spirit, 7. To consume the enmity lurking within our souls and purify them to be sanctuar[ies] for the Holy Spirit. 8. Through the prayers of the great Abba Antony Lord forgive [us our sins].

DOXOLOGY OF ST. MACARIUS THE GREAT

• M1 (113 v -115 r) with an Arabic rubric: Thisdoxologyischantedtothe هذه القطعه تقال للقديس العظيم ابو مقار الكبيرgreatsaintAbuMaqartheGreat لانبا مقاره الكبير M2 (140 v -142 r), Arabic rubric: ToAnbaMaqaratheGreat •

This doxology is not published before, and not mentioned by dr. Yassa Abd al-Masih in his list of Coptic doxologies.22 This doxology is remarkable for its relatedness to the historical episode of the consecration of St. Macarius’ sanctuary by Benjamin, Patriarch of Alex- andria (AD 622-661) according to Ms. lit 207 (serial no. 251) in the library of St Macarius’ Monastery.23

1. ⲁϥϭⲓⲥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲡ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ 1. Your horn is exalted, our father ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓ ⲁϥⲫⲟϩ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲥⲑⲟⲓⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ ϣⲁ Abba Macarius, and your fragrance ⲁⲩⲣⲏϫϥ ⲙⲡⲕⲁϩⲓ has spread to the ends of the earth. 2. ⲁⲩⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲉⲡⲉⲕⲧⲁⲓⲟ ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ 2. All nations speak of your honour, ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲓⲥϫⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲙⲁⲛϣⲁⲓ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲫⲣⲏ ϣⲁ from the rising of the sun to its ⲛⲉϥⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲡ setting [i.e. from east to west).

3. ϯϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲛⲟⲏⲣⲟⲛ ⲥⲉⲉⲣⲉⲛⲅⲱⲙⲓⲁⲍⲓⲛ 3. The noetic (νοερόν) power [i.e. ⲙⲙⲟⲕ ⲕⲁⲧⲁ ⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲉⲧⲁϥϫⲟⲥ ⲛϫⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ the Cherubim] praised ⲃⲁⲛⲓⲁⲙⲓⲛ (ἐγκωμιάζειν) you, so said Abba Benjamin. 4. ⲁϥⲉⲣⲙⲉⲑⲣⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ϫⲉ 4. And he also witnessed, I ⲁⲓⲉⲣⲁⲅⲓⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲛϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲙⲃⲉⲣⲓ consecrated (ἁγιάζειν) the new ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲕⲟⲧⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ church (ἐκκλησία) built after your name, 5. ⲁⲓⲛⲁⲩ ⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓ ϧⲉⲛ ⲑⲙⲏϯ 5. I saw Abba Macarius in the midst ⲛⲛⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ of his sons with his face shining ⲛⲛⲓⲉⲕⲧⲓⲛ like lightening (ἀκτίν),

22 Cf. YASSA ABD AL-MASIH, DoxologiesintheCopticChurch. 23 R.-G. COQUIN, LivredelaconsécrationdusanctuairedeBenjamin, Caire, 1975.

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6. ⲁⲓϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲓⲧⲱⲙⲧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁϣ 6. I was amazed at the shining of ⲛⲣⲏϯ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲫⲱⲥⲧⲏⲣ such a great star (φωστήρ). ⲉⲧⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ 7. ⲥⲁⲧⲟⲧϥ ⲉϥⲟⲩⲱⲛϩϥ ⲉⲣⲟⲓ ⲛϫⲉ 7. Immediately a shining Cherub ⲟⲩⲭⲉⲣⲟⲩⲃⲓⲙ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲁϥⲥⲁϫⲓ ⲛⲉⲙⲏⲓ (χερουβίμ) appeared to me saying, ⲙⲡⲁⲓⲣⲏϯ ⲉϥϫⲱ ⲙⲙⲟⲥ 8. ϫⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ 8. This is Abba Macarius the father ⲛⲛⲓⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲉⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ of Orthodox (ὀρθόδοξος) patriarchs ⲛⲟⲣⲑⲟⲇⲟⲝⲟⲥ (πατριάρχης) and bishops (ἐπίσκοπος) 9. ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲣⲭⲱⲛ ⲙⲟⲩⲛⲕ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ 9. Neither a prelate (ἄρχων) nor ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓ ⲟⲩⲇⲉ ϩⲏⲅⲟⲙⲉⲛⲟⲥ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ (οὐδέ) an hegomenos (ἡγεμών) ⲛⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲓ shall ever cease from among the sons of Abba Macarius.24 10. ⲁϥϯⲙⲁϯ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲞⲤ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ 10. The Lord has been pleased to ⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧϣⲟⲡ make of him a father [of monks] ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ from all nations on the land. 11. ⲉⲩⲉⲣⲫⲟⲩⲙⲓⲛ ⲙⲙⲟϥ ⲉⲩϣⲟⲩϣⲟⲩ 11. His sons praise (εὐφημεῖν) him, ⲛϫⲉ ⲛⲉϥϣⲏⲣⲓ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲁϥ ⲙⲙⲁⲩ proud of having a trusted ⲛⲟⲩⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲧⲏⲥ ⲉ ⲧⲉⲛϩⲟⲧ intercessor (προστάτης) there [in heaven]. 12. ⲉⲑⲃⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉϥⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ ⲛϩⲁⲛⲕⲁⲛⲟⲛ ⲈⲐⲨ 12. For this reason he (Benjamin) ⲁⲩⲭⲁⲩ ϧⲉⲛ ϯⲥⲕⲩⲛⲏ ϣⲁϯⲥⲩⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲁ established holy canon laws (κανών) which were consigned permanently (συντέλεια) to the sanctuary (σκηνή) [of St Macarius church]. 13. ⲫϯ ⲫⲏⲉⲧⲁϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ 13. May God who attended our ⲡⲓⲑⲙⲏⲓ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓ ϣⲱⲡⲓ father the truly great Abba ⲛⲉⲙⲁⲛ ϩⲱⲛ Macarius attend us also 14. ⲛⲧⲉϥϫⲱⲕⲧⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲥⲕⲩⲙⲁ 14. to make us perfect in the holy ⲈⲐⲨ ⲛⲁⲅⲅⲉⲗⲓⲕⲟⲛ ϣⲁ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϥⲓ ⲛϧⲁⲉ angelic (ἀγγελικόν) schema (σχῆμα) to the last breath. 15. ⲧⲉⲣⲙⲉⲛⲓ ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ϧⲉⲛ ⲣⲱⲟⲩ 15. Let your name remain (μένειν) ⲛⲛⲓⲡⲓⲥⲧⲟⲥ ϫⲉ ⲫϯ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓ on the lips of believers (πίστις) that ⲁⲣⲓⲃⲟⲏⲑⲓⲛ ⲉⲣⲟⲛ the God of Abba Macarius may help (βοηθεῖν) us. 16. ϩⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲉⲩⲭⲏ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ 16. Through the prayers of the great ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓ ⲡⲞⲤ ⲁⲣⲓϩ Abba Macarius, Lord forgive us our sins.

24 Cf. Gen 49:10.

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1 ⲁϥϥⲟϩ 2 ⲛⲁϥⲙⲁⲛϩⲱⲧⲡ 6 ⲁⲟⲩⲁϣ 8 ⲛⲓⲁⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ 9 ⲙⲟⲩⲛ 9 ϩⲩⲅⲟⲙⲉⲛⲟⲥ 10 ⲛϫⲉ instead of ⲛⲧⲉ 11 ⲛϫⲉ instead of ⲉϫⲉⲛ 12 ⲛϩⲁⲛⲕⲉⲛⲟⲛ

As mentioned above there is some similarity between this doxology and the historical text of the consecration of St Benjamin’s sanctuary:

Stanza 4: “I consecrated the new “so as to consecrate for us the new church built after your name, church (ⲉⲣⲁⲅⲓⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲛϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ (ⲉⲣⲁⲅⲓⲁⲍⲓⲛ ⲛϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲙⲃⲉⲣⲓ ⲙⲃⲉⲣⲓ) which we have built”, (Livrede ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲕⲟⲧⲥ)” laconsécration, p. 91, 27-29, p. 92, 1). “…where we entered the new church which has been built (ⲛϯⲉⲕⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲙⲃⲉⲣⲓ ⲉⲧⲁⲩⲕⲟⲧⲥ)”, (ibid., p. 108, 30, p. 109, 1-2). Stanza 5: “I saw Abba Macarius in “I saw one of [the standing monks] the midst of his sons, with his face whose face shone brightly like shining like lightening (ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲉϥϩⲟ lightening ⲉⲣⲉⲡⲉϥϩⲟ ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲉⲣⲟⲩⲱⲓⲛⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ⲛⲛⲓⲉⲕⲧⲓⲛ)”, ⲉⲙⲁϣⲱ ⲉϥϩⲓⲁⲕⲧⲓⲛ)”, (ibid., p. 112, 24-26). Stanza 6: “I was amazed at the “I stood stunned for a long time: who shining of such a great star (ⲁⲓϣⲱⲡⲓ is this great mighty one? (ⲁⲓϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲁⲓⲧⲱⲙⲧ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ϫⲉ ⲟⲩⲁϣ ⲛⲣⲏϯ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲉⲓⲟⲛϣ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲟⲩⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛⲛⲁⲩ ⲁⲛ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲙⲫⲱⲥⲧⲏⲣ)”, ⲁϣ ⲡⲓⲛⲓϣϯ ⲛϫⲱⲣⲓ..)?”, (ibid., p. 114, 1-5). Stanza 8: “This is Abba Macarius the “…for this is Abba Macarius the father of Orthodox patriarchs and father of patriarchs and bishops (ⲫⲁⲓ bishops (ϫⲉ ⲫⲁⲓ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲙⲁⲕⲁⲣⲓ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲛⲓⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲛⲓⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲛⲓⲁⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ ⲛⲟⲣⲑⲟⲇⲟⲝⲟⲥ)”, ⲛⲓⲁⲡⲓⲥⲕⲟⲡⲟⲥ)”, (ibid., p. 116, 7-10). Stanza 10 “The Lord is pleased to “This is the Spirit-bearer the father of make him a father [of monks] from all monks in this mount intoto, (ⲫⲁⲓ all nations on the earth” (ⲁϥϯⲙⲁϯ ⲅⲁⲣ ⲡⲉ ⲡⲓⲡⲛⲀⲧⲟⲫⲟⲣⲟⲥ ⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲟⲥ ⲉⲑⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲛⲛⲓⲙⲟⲛⲁⲭⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲡⲁⲓⲧⲱⲟⲩ ⲛⲓⲉⲑⲛⲟⲥ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ ⲉⲧϣⲱⲡ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲧⲏⲣϥ)” (ibid., p. 116, 11-15). ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ). Stanza 11: “His sons praise him, “They beheld him as an intercessor proud of having a trusted intercessor (ⲟⲩⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲧⲏⲥ) in the midst of (ⲟⲩⲡⲣⲟⲥⲧⲁⲧⲏⲥ) there [in heaven]”. heaven” (ibid., p. 74, 10-13). Stanza12: “For this reason he “Rise, Bishop, and establish canon established holy canon laws laws (ⲛϩⲁⲛⲕⲁⲛⲟⲛ) for this church and (ⲛϩⲁⲛⲕⲁⲛⲟⲛ) which were consigned sanctuary (ⲧⲁⲓⲥⲕⲩⲛⲏ)”, (ibid., p. 148, permanently to the sanctuary 18-23). (ϯⲥⲕⲩⲛⲏ)”,

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CONCLUSION

1. We may thus infer that there was some freedom exercised by each church or monastery in introducing doxologies that celebrate their own saint and writing them in their own psalmodias. 2. We may also say that by printing the book of Psalmodia we lost in our daily prayers all the doxologies Adam scattered in our manuscripts except these doxologies included in the MorningAdamDoxologies. 3. We can also notice that all the doxologies chanted in the prayers of raising of incense in the morning and evening are Batos, regardless what day of the week it is, and that the morning doxologies are Adam also no matter what day it is. 4. It is also evident that the doxology of St Macarius is a very ancient one which might date back to the time of consecrating St Benjamin’s sanctuary, or at least to the period when Coptic-speaking monks, who could read and understand Coptic texts and employ them in writing such doxologies, still existed.

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