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Author: Nikolakopoulou, Irene Title: Storage, storage facilities and island economy : the evidence from LCI Akrotiri, Thera

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Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. STORAGE, STORAGE FACILITIES AND ISLAND ECONOMY: THE EVIDENCE FROM LCI AKROTIRI, THERA

VOLUME II Appendices

IRENE NIKOLAKOPOULOU

A thesis submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements of the Degree of Ph. D. in the Faculty of Arts, Department of Archaeology

APRIL 2002

ý. APPENDIX I

CATALOGUE OF TYPES AND FORMS

This is a discussion of the morphological and functional characteristics of types and forms of storage vessels, along with the classification lines set in 3.1. The data are derived from the entries of individual vessels presented in the catalogue of Appendix II, to which references are made, as also to the plates of volume III. The provenance of the imported vessels is inferred by the macroscopic examination of the fabric and the morphological features; future petrographic analysis may change or specify the suggested provenance area. Parallels and chronological issues are discussed, when possible, especially for the vessels of Cycladic tradition or Minoan imports; however, this is not possible for the vessels of other unspecified provenance. Measurements are in meters. The capacity is usually stated, for one or more specimens of each type or form.

318 LOCAL SPECIMENS

VESSELS WITH RESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE

WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 1353 CN 1-14, Pls. 1-3, fig. 12

The vessels of this form have many morphological characteristics of Cycladic origin, such as the bulging shape of body with narrow base, the crescent lugs and the ridges under the rim. They may even be unique to Akrotiri in LCI. They range in height from 0.79m. to 0.96m., the mouth diameter ranges from 0.31m. to 0.43m. and their base is ca. 0.22m. Two of the specimens listed (CN 11 and CN 12) share the general characteristics with more typical specimens but they are more slender, their height being ca. 1.00m., the mouth diameter 0.38m. and the base 0.22m. The rim is normally flaring, rounded, less frequently of almost square section; the handles are placed on the shoulder, normally below the zone of the ridges, two opposite horizontal crescent and two opposite vertical banded (CN 1 has four vertical banded handles). On the upper part of the body under the rim there are two to four horizontal parallel painted ridges (except for CN 3 which lacks the ridges). The decoration consists mainly of a broad zone with spirals in dark-on-light on reserved ground on the upper part of the body, while the rest of the surface is painted all over, forming solid arcs under the spiral zone, the "silent wave" motif. CN 1 has circles with discs instead of spirals, while a few specimens are painted all over. The decorative syntax is strongly reminiscent of the cylindrical pithoi. The pithoi of this form are of low transportability, medium stability because of the narrow base and medium/high accessibility of contents. The handles on the upper part of the body could have been of use in the fitting of some kind of cover or lid. The capacity of CN 12 is estimated to be ca. 200 Its.

353Cf. Marthari 1993a,166-168, nieoi wociöEicNE aui\akdxyclc oTO Aalpo.

319 Special mention should be made of pithos CN 10354This is a specimen of MC origin or tradition, found in the West House in a LCI context. It is lavishly decorated in the bichrome technique (terrestrial and marine life naturalistic scenes), an element which together with characteristics such as the painted broad zone with ridges under the rim argues for an earlier date. Fragments of pithoi with similar broad zone with ridges have been found in the sherd material of the "Seismic Destruction Layer" from various parts of the settlement. It seems that in the later specimens the zone becomes narrower and the vertical handles are added (possibly a Minoan influence). The red paint on CN 355 10 is more lustrous than the red paint used for later similar specimens It would also be interesting to consider whether the painted-all-over specimens (e.g. CN 6 and CN 8) reflect older traditions (perhaps in relation to burnished wares) but this approach will only be possible after further study of the MC material from the recent excavation. It is interesting to note that Papagiannopoulou compares the general shape of an unpublished pithos from Phylakopi, dark painted all over, to that of CN 10. The Melian pithos is dated to Phylakopi II/111(Papagiannopoulou 1991,360, cat. no. 321, pl. 32).

FORM 2356 CN 15-19, pis. 4-5, fig. 13

This form comprises vessels of distinct Cycladic character, evident in morphological characteristics, such as the narrow base, the formation and the position of the lugs and

the zones of ridges on the body. The specimens range in height from 0.93m. -1.13m., with mouth diameter ranging from 0.31m. -0.36m. The rim is usually of square section, occasionally rather rounded. The handles are usually placed in a combination of two opposite horizontal crescents on the upper part of the body and another two opposite horizontal everted of circular/oval section shortly under the rim, possibly facilitating the fitting of a lid. CN 18 and CN 19 have ridges only at the neck area, while CN 19

354This pithos is published in detail in Doumas 1999. assThere is a fragment of a bichrome pithos with crescent lugs from Phylakopi ("Early Mycenaean Period with Designs in Black and Red", Atkinson et al., 1904,119,170, pl. XXI, 15); the shapeis suggestedto be "that of the early geometric type with low belly and suspension handles". Also from Phylakopi, Barber mentions a pithos (MM163) with grooved decoration (h. 0.62m., d. 0.50m.) under the section Red Slipped/Burnished pottery, with white paint (Barber 1974,30, no illustration). 356Cf. Marthari 1993a,167-168, ni8oi coociödi pE auAaKWOEISOTO Kaipo Kai oo Qtpa.

320 lacks the handles of circular/oval section. The decoration is simple, usually trickle patterns, and in the case of CN 15 there is a zone on the upper part of the body of painted circles with solid discs inside. The ridges are also painted. Similar pithoi to CN 15 have been found during the recent excavation; one specimen may be dated to the early LCI (pl. 128). Marthari (1993a, 168) considers the circles and disc decoration as reflecting influence from products of a Minoan workshop, possibly in the area of Knossos, as could also be the case for other local specimens of other forms with similar decoration. Further Minoan influence could be detected on specimen CN 16, where the horizontal ridges on the body area have been replaced by simple rope patterns, a practice which, together with the trickle patterns, indicates the selective adoption of Minoan morphological features on an otherwise distinct Cycladic product. It is possible that the zones of ridges on pithoi are a conservative morphological feature in chronological terms357.CN 17 is one of the largest storage vessels in the settlement (h. 1.32m.), with very wide mouth diameter (0.50m. ). Vessels of this form have large capacity but moderate stability due to their narrow base. Transportability is low and accessibility is moderate, due to their large size. The capacity of CN 15 is estimated to be ca. 270 Its.

FORM 3358 CN 20-25, p1s.6-7, fig. 14 FORM 4 CN 26-29, pl. 8

Vessels of these forms present almost the same functional qualities as those of the previous form. The specimens of form 3 are of a more symmetrical ovoid shape, with the maximum diameter almost exactly at middle height, while specimens of form 4 are very elongated, a feature that apparently reduces their capacity potential. What makes these vessels distinct is the adoption of distinct Minoan morphological features, such as the almost equidistant raised incised bands on the body and the trickle decoration, the clear-cut, square-sectioned rim, the two series of vertical handles of circular/oval section, one under the rim, with oval impressions at their lower ends, and the other just

357Christakis (1999a) notes that his Rope 30 (thin ridges similar to those of Theran pithoi) are found mainly during the MM period in East Crete. 358For forms 3-5 cf. Marthari 1993a,169-171, ni8oi cooEiöEiSpE nAaoT;KES TaiviES.

321 above a base of projecting profile. These features probably illustrate the furthest stage in chronological terms the Theran potters reached in the manufacture of large, coarse pithoi under Minoan influence. The raised incised band appears only in horizontal, parallel arrangements on Theran pithoi; the incisions are always vertical or vertical/crescent (no "herringbone" or other type of incisions have been attested). No pithoi with applied wavy raised bands or indeed any elaborate, patterned applied decoration have been uncovered to the present day359 Nevertheless, the local products are quite distinct, mainly due to the shape, which is not easily paralleled in Minoan specimens. The shape of the body, especially of Form 3, may be following earlier Cycladic traditions (cf. "barrel jars" from Phylakopi, Atkinson et. al. 1904, pl. XXXIV, Dawkins and Droop 1910-11, pl. IV, no. 183, pl. V, nos. 168,255, all from city Iiii; from Paros, Overbeck 1989b, 82, no. 1410). As suggested by Barber (1974, 23) "the change from a slightly concave profile of the upper body of barrel jars to one that is rather convex may be chronologically significant". The lower set of handles is placed much nearer to the base of the vessel on Theran LCI specimens, instead of being at the lower part of the body, as on Minoan pithoi of similar morphological features. The pithoi of forms 3 and 4 range in height from 1.00m. to 1.37m. (including two of the tallest vessels found in the settlement, CN 22 and CN 23). Their mouth

diameter ranges from 0.35m. -0.42m. The capacity of CN 23 of form 3 is ca. 3701ts.,of CN 20 of form 3 is ca. 2901ts. and of CN 28 of form 4 is ca. 230 Its. The vessels are of moderate stability, due to their narrow base (ca. 0.20m. ), low transportability and moderate/low accessibility due to their size.

OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 5 CN 30-31, pl. 9, fig. 15

359For two exceptions see 3.2.2 B.

322 This is a form comprising smaller vessels in terms of size (height ca. 0.80m. ) and capacity (estimated for CN 31 to ca. 120 Its.) than those of the forms described above. The fabric is again coarse; the square-sectioned rim, the rope bands and trickle, and the vertical handles are comparable to features of larger specimens. CN 31 is decorated with horizontal ridges in parallel bands and a series of painted solid discs on the shoulder area (for the discs see above form 2). The vessels are of moderate stability, moderate transportability (some of the specimens are quite heavy even when empty, due to the coarseness and the thickness of the walls) and moderate/high accessibility of contents.

FORM 6 CN 32-34, pl. 10

Forms 6 comprises small pithoi (height ranging from 0.70m. -0.80m. ). The shape of the body of the vessels is typical ovoid. The fabric could be considered as semi-coarse, with smooth external surface in most cases. The vessels usually have rounded rim

(mouth diameter ranging from 0.17m. -0.20m. ), three vertical handles on the shoulder, usually with oval impressions at their lower ends, and are undecorated, apart from a rope band at the base of the neck and trickle patterns. The capacity of CN 32 is ca. 65 Its. The vessels are of moderate/high transportability and accessibility of contents and of moderate stability.

OVOID TYPE

MISCELLANEOUS

CN 35-43, pls. 11-16, fig. 17

These specimens do not closely relate to the forms defined above, as each one presents specific morphological features, with emphasis on variation of body shape. In terms of surface treatment they can either have rope bands and trickle or elaborate painted decoration.

323 CN 35-37 are pithoi of coarse fabric with morphological features (rope bands on the body, trickle, square-sectioned rim, vertical handles) similar to those of forms 3-5. CN 35 is a large vessel (1.32m. high), with wide mouth diameter (0.47m. ) and base diameter (0.34m. ). The shape of the body is ovoid elongated to piriform, the maximum diameter being above middle height. The oblique and wavy rope bands, which are placed in zones on the upper part of the body, do not normally appear on other vessels of this size; they are more common on smaller, mainly imported, specimens. The vessel is of moderate stability and accessibility of contents and low transportability. The capacity of the vessel is estimated to be ca. 300 Its. CN 37 has a very narrow and pointed base (0.18m. ) supporting a bulging, low-bellied body. Its capacity is ca. 105 Its. It is of low stability and transportability and moderate accessibility of contents. CN 36 can be seen as a smaller version of vessels of forms 3 and 4, especially with relevance to distinct features such as the lower series of handles above the base of projecting profile, but the narrow mouth formation eventually determines the overall outlook. CN 41 has a rather globular shape of body, with pointed narrow base. CN 39, CN 42 and CN 43 have elaborate painted decoration. The shape of body of CN 39 and CN 43 is rather globular. Features on CN 39 (the neck ridges, the arrangement and type of handles and the decorative patterns and syntax) are paralleled on large specimens of form 1. CN 42 and CN 43 share morphological features with vessels of the piriform type, form 13. The capacity of CN 43 is ca. 110 Its.

OVOID TYPE WITH TUBULAR SPOUT ABOVE THE BASE"

WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 7 CN 44-47, p1.17 FORM 8 CN 48-50, pl. 18, fig. 16 FORM 9 CN 51-52, pl. 19

36°For Forms 7-9 cf. Marthari 1993a, 171-174.

324 Pithoi with spout above the base form a very distinct type of storage vessel at Akrotiri, and most probably they are also unique to the site. The difference between the forms lies in the shape of the body (more rounded ovoid shape, with distinct maximum diameter at middle height in form 7, rather elongated ovoid in form 8, very elongated, occasionally referred to as "spindle-shaped" in form 9) and the mouth diameter

(0.30m. -0.40m. in form 7,0.40m. 0.48m. in form 8,0.33m. in form 9). Specimens of all forms have narrow bases (0.15m. -0.18m. ), therefore the degree of stability is limited. However, it seems that the narrow base in combination with the placement of the spout, must have served a functional purpose, possibly related with the type of contents. A plausible suggestion is that this particular type of vessel was designed for the storage of liquids. Wine would indeed be a good candidate considering the functional characteristics of the vessels (the spout above the base would enable selective retrieval of contents, with the impurities of the liquid settling down in the narrow base), the palaeobotanical evidence for the cultivation of grapes361,the archaeological evidence for wine production (clay wine press found during recent excavation), evidence for beeswax from organic lipid analysis of sherds of these vessels (honey mixed with wine or beeswax for insulation of the walls)362, and ethnographic parallels for the function and contents of similar types of vessels363 It is worth noting that a specific device on the interior of two fragmentary vessels has been noticed, namely the application of one or two crossing clay braids above the opening of the spout, possibly in an attempt to create a kind of filter for the contents (pl. 126). Doumas (1978a) and Doumas and Constantinides (1990) have suggested an association of the decorative motifs and the contents, in terms of quantity and quality. According to these studies, the combinations of decorative motifs (circle and cross, nine variations) could indicate three different varieties/qualities of three liquids (presumably wine, olive oil and beer). This discussion naturally focuses on the intended use of this particular type, which, however, could have varied during its use life (note, for example, that fish bones are reported to have been found in a pithos of this type from the West House). The type is highly standardised in its morphological

36' Sarpaki 1987,1992b. 362Rice 1987, Heron and Evershed 1993. 363Vallianos and Padouva 1986,37, Kpovonieapo.

325 features, which appear equally consistently on pithoi of large dimensions and specimensof smaller or even miniature size (with few exceptions,such as the absence of horizontal ridges on small-sized specimens,see below form 25, or a specimenwith atrophic/false spout, evidently due to lack of functional purpose becauseof the small size of the vessel, pl. 127). This considerationmight imply that these vessels,as also those of other highly standardised types, were perceived as commodity-specific containers.

Storagevessels with spout above the base have been found in sites in Minoan Crete, but the morphological features are different3M.In the Aegean islands and Mainland Greece, the type of pithos with tubular spout above the base appears in the Early Bronze Age365,but at the present stageof researchit is difficult to trace the evolution to the LCI specimens.In terms of capacity, it is estimatedto be ca. 250 Its. for CN 48 of form 8 and ca. 190 Its. for CN 51 of form 9. The pithoi of all forms are of low transportability and stability and high accessibility of contents.

364What could be a good parallel for the formation of the spout is seen in the photograph of the lower part of a pithos as found in room 9. Block N, at Palaikastro (Sackett and al. 1965,260, pl. 69b). 365Cf. specimens from Aigina (Walter and Felten 1981,157, pl. 87, nos. 151-152, Stadt III) and Aghios Kosmas (Mylonas 1959,40, fig. 132, no. 50, EH III; the pithos was repaired with lead clamps and contained grape seeds).

326 OVOID TYPE BRIDGE-SPOUTED

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

FORM 10 CN 53, p1.20

There is only one small specimen under this type and form. CN 53 has a low-bellied body shape, a combination of two horizontal and one vertical handle (see also other bridge-spouted forms) and pictorial decoration (grapes, vetches and reeds). It is a specimen of distinct local character; it belongs to the Theran White Coated ware (Marthari 1987,376). The vessel is of high transportability and accessibility and moderate stability.

This form is not directly paralleled to specimens from other islands because of the low-bellied body of the vessel. Marthari (1993a, 164, endnote 336) suggests an origin in Classical Camares ware, Walberg 1976, type 146:2, fig. 16b, but the Minoan specimen is a small bridge-spouted jar, only broadly comparable in shape and function. See. also below the specimens of Piriform bridge-spouted type, forms 27-28.

327 OVOID BARREL TYPE WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 11 CN 54-56, pl. 21, fig. 18

This form comprises only three specimens up to now, all found in room 1 of the Pithoi Storeroom (Sector A). In their morphological characteristics, the vessels look like enlarged versions of some of the specimens of form 1. Their height ranges from

1.00m.-1.15m., their mouth diameter is ca. 0.45m., slightly smaller than the maximum body diameter, which appears to be rather consistent throughout the height of the vessels. The base is very narrow (0.24m. -0.27m. ) in relation to the bulk of the body, and therefore the vessels must have been rather unstable, if standing without further support. CN 54 has a circular lid with a handle. The vessels are undecorated, apart for the trickle patterns and the ridges. The external surface is rather smooth. This form is strongly reminiscent in particular aspects (shape of body, narrow base, crescent lugs) of some large specimens of the "barrel jar" type, the most common form of storage vessel in the Cycladic islands and Aigina during the MBA (cf. Siedentopf 1991,81, Inv. 2381,96, Inv. 2396, both from Aigina Stadt X, late MBA period; Overbeck 1989a, K3282, Kea Period IV). The vertical handles, however, are clearly a later, probably Minoanising, addition. The capacity of CN 54 is estimated to be ca. 315 Its. The vessels are of low transportability, moderate stability and moderate/high accessibility.

328 PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

FORM 12 CN 57-61, pL 22, fig. 19

This form comprises vessels of coarse/semi-coarse fabric, mostly undecorated, apart from a rope band on the neck and trickle patterns on some specimens. They range in height from 0.70m. -0.80m. (though CN 60 is 0.52m. high) and their mouth diameter is 0.18m. -0.22m. The collar is very distinct on CN 58 and CN 57. The vertical handles on the shoulder may have oval impressions on their lower ends. Some of the specimens (e.g. CN 57, CN 61) have a rather smooth external surface. The capacity of CN 61 is ca. 60 Its. The vessels are of high transportability and accessibility of contents and moderate stability due to their narrow base (d. ca. 0.18m.).

FORM 13 CN 62-63, pl. 23, fig. 20 FORM 14 CN 64-72, pl. 24-26, fig. 21 FORM 15 CN 73-77, pl. 27-30, figs. 22-23 FORM 16 CN 78-83, pl. 31-36, figs. 24A-B, 25 FORM 17 CN 84-86, pl. 37 FORM 18 CN 87, pl. 38, fig. 26 FORM 19366 CN 88-99, pl. 39

Specimens listed under forms 13-19 are better known as "pithamphorae", "pithoid jars", "nieapcpopElS'.These are vessels of semi-coarse fabric, with two to four handles on the shoulder and elaborate decoration. The shape of the body is in most cases piriform, but specimens of ovoid and ovoid/piriform shape are also included, as the remaining morphological/functional features are similar. Because of their usually small dimensions, the arrangement of the handles and the restricted mouth, they could have also functioned as transfer vessels. Form 13 is distinguished mainly due to the larger size/capacity of the specimens it comprises, while the remaining forms are distinguished mainly in terms of morphological characteristics.

329

UNIVERSITY OFBRISTOL LLBRARY Vessels Form 13 in height from of range 0.68m. -0.80m. The rim is of rounded or diameter is 0.30m. base square section, the mouth ca. and the diameter is ca. 0.22m. - 0.25m., larger than the narrow base of the specimens of the following forms. There are three horizontal everted handles on the shoulder. The decoration is elaborate, usually spirals or ripple in horizontal zones, dark on light, occasionally with added white. The capacity of CN 62 is 150 Its. The vessels are of moderate/high transportability /stability/accessibility of contents.

Specimens of forms 14-19 range in height from 0.60m. -0.77m. Their mouth diameter ranges from 0.22m. -0.33m. and the base diameter from 0.13m. to 0.19m. The shape of the body is usually piriform, but a few specimens, especially of form 14, are clearly of ovoid body shape. The base is proportionally narrow, usually of a rounded disc shape. Specimens of forms 14-16 usually have three horizontal handles on the shoulder, while specimens of forms 17-19 usually have three vertical handles on the shoulder. A variation is the combination of two horizontal and two vertical handles all of circular/oval section on the shoulder (e.g. CN 77, CN 81), which appears commonly on Cretan specimens (cf. Christakis Form 40). There are a few specimens of very small dimensions with two horizontal handles on the shoulder. In terms of rim formation, most of the vessels of forms 14 and 19 have a rather rounded rim, while the square-sectioned rim (especially in combination with the vertical banded handles in form 17) may point towards an attempt to copy Minoan prototypes. The decoration usually consists of zones of spirals or ripple, dark-on-light, usually with added white. Form 16 includes small vessels with narrow cylindrical collar and decoration of painted pictorial motifs of distinct local character (nippled ewers, vetches, birds). It should be noted that CN 78 belongs to the Theran White Coated ware (Marthari 1987, 376). CN 87 of form 17 has a rare decorative motif (checkerboard), which alludes to possible influence from textile patterns; the collar/rim formation is apparently the closest parallel in the local production to the cylindrical/funnel collar of Minoan specimens (cf. CN 268-269). Vessels of form 19 are of small dimensions (height have handles 0.44m. -0.62m. ). They three or four vertical on the shoulder, an almost

" For Forms 13-19 cf. Marthari 1993a, 162-164, ni8apcpopEic.

330 distinct high flaring cylindrical collar, towards a rounded rim (mouth diameter 0.15m.- 0.20m. ) base (diameter and narrow 0.14m. -0.17m. ). They are all undecorated, with smooth external surface.

The capacity of CN 68 of form 14 is ca. 50 Its., of CN 72 of form 14 is ca. 75 Its., of CN 73 of form 15 is ca. 50 Its., of CN 77 of form 15 is ca. 20 Its., of CN 80 of form 16 is ca. 25 Its., and of CN 87 of form 18 is ca. 75 Its. The vessels are of high transportability and accessibility, and moderate stability, due to the narrow base.

The most interesting point in the discussion of these forms is their relation to Minoan pithoid jars. There at least seven imported specimens at Akrotiri and fragments from many others have been noticed (on their dating and provenance see below, imported specimens, Crete, piriform type, CN 264-271). Although the pithoid jar as a vessel form seems to have been the product of Minoan tradition and influence, the local specimens are very distinct in their morphological and technological features. Indeed, for the majority of the local products there seem to be no direct parallels with the Minoan forms as classified by Niemeier (1985,9, fig. 1). It would be interesting to speculate on the possible influence from MHILHI forms, especially on the shape of the body of some local specimens (cf. Niemeier 1985,12, fig. 2, esp. form 4). Marthari (1993a, 164) notes that the local pithoid jars imitate, more or less, LMIA vessels, similar to the imported ones found at Akrotiri, but in terms of decorative motifs and syntax they are quite distinct. The spirals are of a Theran type (see Marthari 1993a, 350-1), as also the syntax (especially the single broad zone with large spirals), the combination with other motifs, and the pictorial decoration of some of the pithoid jars (e.g. nippled ewers), which is another distinct Theran feature. To these remarks should be added the preference of the Theran potters for rounded, ovoid shapes with very narrow, rounded "disc" base, the rounded flaring rim, as opposed to the clear-cut 367 square-sectioned, and the apparent omission of the series of ridges above the base The closest parallels to Minoan specimens appear to be vessels of forms 17 and 18. In technological terms, the Therans never achieve the quality of the lustrous paint and the

331 slip of the Minoan products, although they manage to manufacture elegant vessels with thin walls of semi-coarse fabric.

Barber suggests a recognisable counterpart in CN 71 (Thera II, pl. 34,1) to a Melian pithoid jar, with zones of spirals, foliate bands and wavy bands, although the Melian specimen is much smaller, h. 0.165m. (Dawkins and Droop 1911,11-12, pl. IX, no 182, and cf. Barber 1974,39, specimens under "23b, pithoid jar"). Interesting remarks are made on the imitation of LMI patterns by the Melians: "... the Melian vase-painter, in making his imitation of the Cretan Late Minoan I patterns with their brilliant synthesis of the dark-on light and light-on-dark styles, was saved from any slavish copying by his technical limitations; he did not use white paint, nor could he produce the brilliant lustre of the Cretan glaze. (... ) by substituting a band of black cross- hatching, and (... ) by leaving an open space at the centre of the spiral and putting in it a large black dot surrounded by a circle of smaller ones (... ) the black paint on the light colour of the clay produced, by its contrast with the semi-lustrous red paint in which the main decoration was carried out, an effect if less brilliant, yet of distinctly the same kind as that of the Cretan vases. (... ) On the other hand the heavy waved lines, which generally complete the decoration on the lower part of these vases, are definitely Melian, and are derived from the pattern common on vases of the Geometric period. " (Dawkins and Droop 1911,12). It is not possible to confirm the overall absence of white added paint in the Later Local pottery from Phylakopi (note, however, that there no mention of white paint in the relevant section in Barber 1974, 37-40). On the other hand, the fact that the Therans did use white does not necessarily imply a higher technological level in the pottery production compared to the Melian, given that the vessels are still inferior to the relevant Minoan in these terms, but it could imply a more accurate imitation of decorative techniques.

Pithoid jars were also found at Ayia Irini. A very interesting specimen is a bichrome vessel decorated with griffins, from a LMIA/LHI deposit (including much Period IV material) (Cummer and Schofield 1984,111, pl. 79, no 1219, h. rest. 0.69m. but orig.

367A specimen from the Shaft Graves, Grave V, is quite similar in terms of body shape to some of the

332 est. 0.72m. -0.75m. ). The vessel was originally thought to be Melian, but Marthari (1998) identifies it as an import from Thera. The decoration is applied in matt red paint with black outlines and details. Another specimen (Cummer and Schofield 1984, 107, pl. 77, no 1219) from a Period VII destruction deposit has motifs in black (solid whorls) and bands in red/brown. See also Cummer and Schofield 1984,96-97, pl. 70, nos. 1100,1101 for other specimens in Red and Black from Keos. It appears that horizontal wavy lines or bands are more common on Melian and Keian specimens than on Theran.ones. It is also worth noting that the Keian specimens have string holes on the rim.

The Mainland specimens of this period normally have three horizontal everted handles on the shoulder and more rounded, rather spherical body shape, which evolves into piriform under Minoan influence (Niemeier 1985,10-11, fig. 2, esp. 3 and 4). They also usually have solid painted lower body.

FORM 20 CN 100-109, pl. 40, figs. 27A-B, 28 FORM 21368 CN 110-116, pl. 41

Vessels of Forms 20 and 21 are distinguished mainly on the basis of the presence and the height of a ridge around the inner perimeter of the lip of the usually rounded or flaring angular rim, which serves the fitting of a hemispherical lid (decorated with painted semicircles, handle of circular/oval section), occasionally preserved (e.g. CN 112). The remaining features are common and very consistent on all vessels of both

forms. The vessels range in height from 0.47m. -0.70m. (though occasionally there are specimens as small as 0.41m. high or as large as 0.80m. high). The mouth diameter

ranges between 0.13m. -O.16m. (with variations according to the size of the vessel) and the base diameter between 0.15m. -0.21 m. The vessels have two or three banded handles from the rim to the shoulder and two opposite crescent lugs, usually placed on the maximum body diameter. On some specimens, there are knobs on the shoulder area. The decoration, occasionally rather carelessly applied, consists of a series of

Theran vessels (Karo 1930/33, pl. CLXXII, 856).

333 discs (rarely painted circles with simple circles) on the upper part of the body and a series of vertical arc-shaped loops on the lower part, separated from the upper decoration by horizontal bands. The fabric is coarse to semi-coarse, the external be surface can rather smooth on some specimens. The capacity of CN 100 is ca. 55 Its. and of CN 109 is ca. 60 Its. (both of form 20). The vessels are of high transportability and accessibility and of moderate stability.

Marthari (1993a, 165-6) suggests that the vessels of these forms were produced under the influence of a Knossian workshop, based on parallels with similar vessels from the Knossos area ((the Unexplored Mansion, where pithoi found in LMII context are probably of LMI date (see Popham 1984,178-179), the Stratigraphical Museum excavation, of LMIB context, Hogarth Houses and the Knossos Palace)). A Minoan prototype is therefore possible (cf. especially Popham 1984, pl. 77c-d, for the decorative motifs and syntax and the placement of the handles), taking into account the lack of similar late MC fmds so far (see discussion below under Piriform Miscellaneous, on CN 169-170). However, the vessels are manufactured according to local taste, with two to three vertical handles and the addition of Cycladic crescent lugs. The high degree of standardisation in the morphological features, including the consistent decoration in terms of motifs and syntax, may imply that the vessels could have been commodity-specific containers and most probably the products of distinct local workshops (there are specimens which, based on macroscopical observation of the fabric and the application of the decoration, indeed seem to have been products of the same workshop). Due to their functional characteristics, the vessels could have been conveniently used for transfer purposes, and the fact that the decoration of circles with or without discs also appears on locally-made amphorae, especially those with oval mouth, may be a further argument for the operation of a "labelling" system related to the contents. An aspect related to a notation system indicating quantity (or "perceived quantity") cannot be discounted at the present stage for the standardised decoration of the vessels (a thorough study of capacity measurements would be required for a large number of vessels), but the attestation of the same symbols on

368For forms 20 and 21 cf. Marthari 1993a,164-166, nieoi apcpopo¬iöEic.

334 vesselsof more than one type or functional category may point towards the option of a "label" indicating type of contentsor even provenance.

FORM 22 CN 117-119, p1.42

The specimenslisted under this form are of very small dimensions(h. ca. 0.20m.). The collar formation enables the fitting of a lid. The vessels could have been used for storageof particular goods or items in small quantities. For the decoration and syntax (mainly circles and loops in horizontal zones)see above, forms 20 and 21.

FORM 23369 CN 120-161, pl. 43, fig. 29

This form comprisesspecimens of very distinct, consistentfeatures. The vesselsare of small dimensions:the majority rangesin height from 0.43m.-0.52m. (the largestvessel uncovered so far is 0.57m. high), while other height groups comprising smaller specimens can be distinguished, down to miniature vessels. The most distinctive feature is the funnel-shapedcollar, which together with the crescentlugs and the knobs on the shoulder, appearsconsistently on all specimens(except for a few specimens which may lack the knobs; a few vesselsmay have horizontal handlesof circular/oval section). The vesselsof this form (as also of form 24) are preliminarily distinguished into local and imported, basedon macroscopicobservation of the reddish/brown fabric (different from the common local buff), but the distinction is not always clear and secure.Preliminary results from petrographic analysis suggest a distinction between the fabrics of two vessels, (CN 136 of form 23 and CN 296 similar to specimensof form 24, listed in the catalogue as imported), which may justify our classification in terms of provenance.However, we cannot be certain at the presentstage of researchof the provenanceof the reddish/brown clay of these specimens,mainly on the basis of the absence of mica in the presumed local fabric and the smooth treatment of the external surface, usually painted all-over in brown/red on most of the specimenslisted

369Cf. Marthari 1993a, 161, nift NEXoavoab&c aTbpio.

335 local. Closely as comparablematerial in the Cyclades is hard to locate370,for this and for following also the form, although the crescent lugs and the usually micaceous fabric of the suggestedas imported specimensmay point to a distribution pattern, and probable origin, within the Cyclades. Marthari (1993a, 161) suggests a Cycladic tradition going back to similar burial pithoi from Period IV (early MC) from Kea371, but most of those vessels are ovoid rounded in body shapeand usually burnished or decorated.

Katsa-Tomara (1990,36-38) discussed vessels of this form in her study of metric systems. She established volumetric groups for six different-sized groups of pithoi with funnel-shaped collar. The average values of the groups are: 1787.5 cm3,3408.9 cm3,6640 cm3,9500 cm3,18328 cm3,28428.5 cm3. Based on the estimates for the major denomination for the vessels of this form (28.4 litres) and the major "subdivision" in the series of the bridge-spouted jars (12 litres) she suggeststhat these categories of vessels may represent two series of measures of capacity, one dry and one liquid, in concordance with Ventris and Chadwick's numbers (1973,60, the Mycenaean stirrup jar taken to represent a unitary quantity in the system of liquid measure); it is likely that the capacities of storage jars bear some relation to the standard units of measure in Minoan book-keeping (Katsa-Tomara 1990,39). However, it seems that Linear A numerical signs on pithoi do not associate with the capacity potential of the vessels.

Traces of soot, usually on the lower external surface of a large number of specimens, suggest the application of fire, with implications for the use of these vessels as cooking pots or as industrial equipment. It is interesting to note that vessels of this form have been found on the hearths of rooms 1 of Sector A and 1a of Sector A. This functional aspect is corroborated by the presumed qualities of the fabric (that of the imported specimens especially is macroscopically very similar to cooking pots fabric,

370Similar vessels are exhibited in Melos Museum but are not included in the Phylakopi publications that have appearedso far.

336 in as attested the settlement), the storage patterns of these vessels, as they are found occasionally stacked in groups, and the consistencyin size groups, which could be of significance in presumed industrial production. Alternatively, the vesselscould have been used for the storage of commodities, which would have required heating before consumption (e.g. beeswax?). The largest assemblage,in terms of distribution within the settlement,has been found so far in the West House. However, it seemsthat the vessels,if or when they did not serve a subsistencestorage function, have all been found stored in the domestic units, while cooking or other activities including a large open fire would have normally taken place outdoors or in small unsophisticated installations, such as the two "paycipcfa" uncovered recently in the west and east sectors of the part of the settlement excavated so far372.It would be interesting to comparethe numbers of the cooking pots and thesevessels in the settlement,in order to detect a potential predilection of the Therans for a more indigenous vessel form, assumingthat both vesseltypes servedsimilar functional purposes373.

The capacity of CN 141 is ca. 20 Its. The vessels are of high transportability and accessibility and moderate stability.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 24374 CN 162-167 (cf. pl. 109)

37 Also from Ayia Irini, but Period VII, cf. Cummer and Schofield 1984,72, cat.nos. 424,426, pl. 56, similar but not identical form in morphological terms, but possibly comparable in functional terms (micaceous fabric, discoloured by fire over most of the body). 372Installations identified as hearths are found in the domestic units at Akrotiri but they have not been for in "Nay¬peia" thoroughly studied. On the other hand, the preliminary evidence cooking as attested the M. Tsoulakou information seemsto be sound and consistent (I wish to thank K. Birtacha and who provided Pits 65 I B). on the related evidence from the trenchesthey excavated,Pillar and in Xeste 3 have 373For example, tripod cooking pots have identified only in the sherd material and eight been found in the West House (Papagiannopoulou 1995). A minimum number of eleven small pithoi with however, large funnel-shaped collar have been inventoried from the West House. Note, the number of floor B2. tripod cooking pots found in the ground of room 374See also Marthari 1993a,160, ni8oi an&Xnpoi anAoi.

337 Vessels of these form dimensions are of small (height 0.40m.-0.45m. ). They lack a distinct formation; rim usually the rim is very thin, flat, sloping inwards or rounded, incurving. The diameter from mouth ranges 0.15m.-0.22m. and the basediameter from 0.13m. As -0.16m. regards the fabric, similar observationsto those for form 23 apply here, with similar imported vessels probably originating in the northern Cyclades375 have The vessels two horizontal everted handleson the shoulder or at maximum body diameter and the external surface is undecorated or painted all over in brown or brown/red. There are very few specimenswhich preservetraces of white paint, or are decorated rarely with reeds, white-on-dark (these vessels with reed decoration are strongly reminiscent of bridge-spoutedvessels of form 29, of similar fabric). Vessels of this form are difficult to seal, due to the absenceof distinct rim/collar formation. Traces of fire are not usually preservedon their external surface,but the nature of the fabric could suggest similar functions to those described above for form 23. The vessels are of high transportability and accessibility and moderate stability. Their capacity is small (cf. that of CN 303, listed as imported, which is ca. 22 its.).

PIRIFORM TYPE MISCELLANEOUS

CN 168-171, pls. 44-46

CN 168 has a rounded bulging body and a very narrow, pointed base. The shape of the vessel, together with the decorative syntax (horizontal painted bands and two horizontal series of circles on the shoulder), are not directly paralleled to other LCI specimens from the site. The vessel seems to reflect older traditions or it could be an import from another site, probably in the Cyclades, taking into account the presence of the crescent lugs. Two horizontal series of circles on the upper part of the body also appear on CN 170; the vessel has a tall distinct collar formation and two crescent lugs

375 A vessel from Ayia Irini, Period V, Davis 1986,31, L4, pls. 24,50, could be a parallel for this form, though the neck is not preserved (h. pres. 0.348, d. rim(? ) 0.31, d. base 0.124, coarsereddish brown fabric). It is possible that, similarly to form 23, the origins of this form are traced back to the end of EC /beginning of MC period (cf. a burial pithos from Phylakopi, Dawkins and Droop 1911, pl. IV, no 207, and Barber 1974,23, h. 0.375m., d. 0.23m., but again not an exact parallel).

338 on maximum body diameter. A vessel found during the recent excavation in Pillar Pit 63A, may provide a link for the two specimens stated above in that it combines morphological characteristics of both vessels and may be slightly earlier in chronological terms. CN 169, with very rounded body shapeand painted solid discs' decoration on the shoulder zone, may be related to specimensof forms 20-21, mainly in terms of decorative syntax; it is not possible to speculate at the present stage whether it is a simple variation or whether it suggestschronological implications in the development of the forms as described. CN 171 is a small undecoratedvessel with wide mouth, of brown fabric and rather carelessmanufacture.

339, PIRIFORM TYPE WITH TUBULAR SPOUT ABOVE THE BASE WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

FORM 25 CN 172-176; pls. 47-48

The vessels of this form are comparable in morphological terms to vessels of forms 7- 9. They are distinguished because of their small size and the narrow mouth, which in combination with the collar and the position of the lugs, enables sealing of the height contents. The mainly ranges from 0.40m. -0.62m. (specimen CN 176 is 0.84m.), while it has been noted that miniature vessels of the same form were produced. The diameter is mouth ca. 0.17m. -0.21 m. and the base diameter 0.12m. -0.16m. With the exception of CN 176, the remaining smaller specimens appear to lack the multiple body ridges. Knobs are present, and the decoration is similar to that of the large specimens of forms 7-9 (see discussion on the decoration in forms 7-9 above). The spout seems to have served no functional purpose on the small and miniature specimens, from which contents would have been easily removed via the mouth. However, it is never omitted (even as a morphological feature, e.g. as an atrophic/false spout, cf. vessel on pl. 127), a fact which, together with the consistent decoration, suggests a strong traditional adherence to the morphological components of the specific vessel type. The capacity of CN 176 is ca. 78 Its. but for the smaller specimens it must be significantly less. The vessels are of high transportability and accessibility and moderate/low stability (most have a proportionally narrow base, while there are specimens such as CN 174 with quite asymmetrical body shape).

340 PIRIFORM TYPE BRIDGE-SPOUTED

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

FORM 26376 CN 177-178, p1.49, figs. 30A-B

The vessels of this form are an interesting example of the adaptation of a Minoan

vessel form to local tradition and taste. The vessels are 0.64m. -0.70m. high, with mouth diameter ca. 0.25m. wide. The narrow mouth and the collar enable the sealing of the contents, while the bridge-spout and possibly the decoration of painted nippled ewers and grapes may hint to an original functional purpose for storage of liquids. The Therans adopt the Minoan form of bridge-spouted pithoid jar however, these local specimens appear to have elongated body proportions, everted spout and decoration of painted pictorial motifs, features which indicate the integration of the form into the local pottery tradition and repertoire. The capacity of CN 177 is ca. 50 Its. The vessels are of high transportability and accessibility and of moderate stability, due to the narrow base (d. 0.16m. ).

PIRIFORM TYPE BRIDGE-SPOUTED

WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 27 CN 179-183, pl. 50-52, fig. 31 FORM 28 CN 184-185, p1.53

The forms are distinguished mainly in terms of size/capacity, otherwise the in both forms. Vessels of morphological characteristics are similar and consistent form 28 0.55m. Form 27 range in height from 0.65m. -0.75m., while vessels of are ca. base diameter from high. The mouth diameter ranges from 0.30m. -0.35m. and the

376For forms 26-29 cf. Marthari 1993a,163-164, nI8a. cpopcicyExpupbo-ropol.

341 0.16m. -0.19m. All specimens,as also those of the previous form, have usually square- sectioned rim, two opposite horizontal handles on the shoulder and one vertical opposite the everted spout, to enable the removal of contents, especially liquids. The decoration is very consistent, namely horizontal zones filled with carelessly applied strokes, more or less imitating ripple patterns. The shape of body of CN 182 is piriform/conical. The capacity of CN 181 of form 27 is ca. 70 Its. The vesselsof both forms are of high accessibility and moderate stability; transportability is high for both forms when vessels are empty, but would be moderate/low when filled, due to the wide mouth.

The variations in ovoid and piriform shape of body of bridge-spouted pithoi appear to be adaptations of MM bridge-spouted types. Bridge-spouted small pithoi have been found at Ayia Irini (Cummer and Schofield 1984,97, pl. 70, no. 1102, a possibly Melian specimen in Red and Black). Cummer and Schofield note that the shape is a Cycladic imitation of a type often used for burials in Crete in MMIII-LMI. Barber (1974,39,23a, pithos MM 102, pl. 4e) compares to the Keian specimen (no. 1102) a fragment of a pithos from Phylakopi (h. pres. 0.18m., d. 0.295m.), with rim of square section with painted stripes, body with "grass pattern" (similar to reeds), one visible horizontal thick handle of circular section, and another vertical at right angles. Marthari (1993a, 175, endnote 363) considers the Melian specimen as closer to the conical bridge-spouted specimens (note the thick rim and the "grass pattern").

FORM 29 CN 186-187, pl. 54

The vessels listed under this form are a bridge-spoutedversion of those of form 24. The samereservations as those discussedin form 23 also apply for the reddish/brown fabric of these vesselswith relevanceto the provenance.What appearsto be little gold mica in the fabric of CN 186-187, and the smooth, almost burnished surface of the it vessels are features that complicate the issue of the origin, and for the moment high should be left open to future research. The vessels are ca. 0.50m. and are decoratedwith white reeds. The feature of one vertical handle opposite the spout also forms described It is appears, as on other bridge-spouted specimens of the above.

342 possible that the application of a vertical spout on vessels of this form is associated with the size of the vessels,as it is omitted on smaller similar vessels(bridge-spouted "pitharakia" or large bridge-spoutedskyphoi).

PIRIFORM TYPE BRIDGE-SPOUTED MISCELLANEOUS

CN 188 is a small vessel (h. 0.55m. ) with low collar, rim of square section with very low ridge around the inner perimeter of the lip and everted spout. It is decorated with thin reed patterns in matt dark brown/black. A Melian small pithos with four vertical handles is decorated with thin reeds in a broad zone on the upper part of the body (Barber 1974,39, under 23b, MM365, pl. 4g). The similarities in the decorative syntax and the execution of the motifs (features which are not found on other similar Theran vessels) may suggest that CN 188 is a Melian import.

343 VESSELS WITH UNRESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 30 CN 189, p1.55

There is only one specimen under this form, unique in the settlement so far. The vessel is of almost hemispherical body shape, with square-sectioned rim, thick body walls and three horizontal handles, with knobs in-between, shortly under the rim. The vessel form might be a local invention, but apparently it was not very popular. It is possible that it served similar functions to those of the bathtubs and large cylindrical or conical tubs. The vessel is of low transportability and of high accessibility and stability.

344 CONICAL TYPE LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 313" CN 190-201, pls. 56-58, fig. 35

Pithoi decorated of the conical type with reeds in the dark-on-light technique are quite numerous and also possibly unique to the settlement. The vessels have either more (e. CN 196) straight g. or usually rather curved body walls (e.g. CN 198-199), and some are particularly elongated (e.g. CN 190-192). CN 201 has almost straight-sided walls at the upper part of the body, curving only at the lower part towards the narrow base. It has two opposite knobs in-between the handles. This specimen presents The height from problems of stability. of the vessels ranges 0.90m. -0.98m., the mouth diameter from 0.45m. base diameter -0.56m. and the from 0.19m. -0.27m. The rim is of square section, the handles are horizontal, mostly thick banded, placed on the upper part of the body, and the base is proportionally narrow. The mouth can be easily covered rather than sealed, although there is no evidence for the type of lid that could have been used. The standardised association of the decoration (reeds) to the conical type of pithoi could suggest a kind of "label" for the contents, but no further speculation would be plausible. It is worth noting that reeds are a typical decorative motif for the internal surface of large "bathtubs"; another similarity may be found in the fabric of some specimens (coarse yellowish buff with black volcanic inclusions).

The typical local conical pithoi with reed decoration do not find any close parallels in Crete. It is possible that the concept of the conical pithos originates in MM Crete and is subsequently adopted in Thera, but the local variation is different overall (more curved walls and narrower base than the Minoan type; cf. Christakis form 55, MMIII or LMIA date). Marthari (1993a, 175) suggests that the conical type pithos is closer in morphological terms to the MM bridge-spouted type (see below, conical bridge- spouted type, form 33; note that the Theran specimens are taller than the Minoan); therefore this type could have been adopted during the MM period in Thera, but developed without any further influence from Crete. From the study of sherd material,

345 it seemsthat conical pithoi with reed decoration appearedin the LCI period, while it is possible that in the MC period conical pithoi of smaller dimensions,bridge- or false- spouted were in use. No close parallels to the Theran conical pithoi are reported from other islands. The reed decoration could be broadly paralleled to that of a fragmentary bridge-spoutedpithos from Phylakopi (Barber 1974,39,23a, pithos MM 102, pl. 4e, but note that this vessel appears to be much smaller and possibly not of a conical type). The capacity of CN 192 is ca. 120 Its. and of CN 200 is ca. 160 Its. The vessels are of low transportability, moderate stability, and high accessibility of the contents due to the large mouth diameter (equal or larger than the maximum body diameter).

FORM 32 CN 202, p1.59

CN 202 is a small vessel (h. 0.48m. ), with thin rounded rim, not clearly distinct in profile from the body walls. It has a proportionally wide base, which adds to the effect of the shape being that of a truncated cone. The external surface is painted all over. This is apparently not a popular vessel form, and it would be interesting to examine the fabric of CN 202 by petrographic analysis. This form of conical pithoi is found in Crete (e.g. Knossos: Stratigraphical Museum excavations, North House, Warren 1980- 1, fig. 26; cf. Christakis form 65, tub type).

377For form 31 cf. Marthari 1993a, 174-175.

346 CONICAL TYPE BRIDGE- OR FALSE-SPOUTED

LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 33 CN 203, pL 60

form This comprises only one specimen, a bridge-spouted pithos with straight body walls, two horizontal and one vertical handle opposite the spout and decoration in horizontal zones. CN 203 seems to be paralleled in shape to earlier Minoan specimens of this type (compare also CN 274, an imported Minoan specimen, but significantly 378. larger) There is also a conical pithos from Phylakopi379 with bridge-spout (although a decorative feature, a "false bridge-spout"), which appears to be closer in shape and decorative syntax (large retorted spirals in horizontal zone on the upper part of the body) to MMIII/LMI specimens (cf. Christakis form 59). The capacity of CN 203 is ca. 60 Its.

A conical pithos with false "bridge-spout", attached to the rim, of a distinct formation with internal ledge, was found during recent excavation in Pillar Pit 43. The rim is not distinct in profile externally from the body walls. There were originally three small solid horizontal crescent lugs just under the rim. The light brown fabric is covered in a whitish slip. The vessel is unique so far; the rim/spout formation and the solid crescent lugs are broadly paralleled on smaller bridge-spouted specimens («Käöoi»),mostly of late MC/early LCI date. The study of the archaeological context may further clarify chronological issues.

378Cf. Walberg 1976, form 5, type 30. Examples of MMII specimensfrom Phaistos: Levi 1976, pl. LXXIb, 1.168a, d, pl. 49b; Marinatos and Hirmer, 1973, pl. X. 79Atkinson et al. 1904,173, pl. XXIX, 1, "later local Mycenaean pottery".

347

q- '. f, wPaý! a^"ý _~ r ýý . CYLINDRICAL TYPE LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 34 CN 204-229, p1s.61-66, figs. 32A-B, 33A-B, 34 FORM 35 CN 230-233, pl. 67 380 FORM 36 CN 234-236, pl. 68

The pithoi of cylindrical type are numerous and very characteristic products of the local workshops at Akrotiri. There is a high degree of standardisation in the morphological characteristics (shape of body, dimensions, shape and position of the lugs, decoration). The contour of the body varies from concave to straight profile, mainly due to the manufacturing process of adding coils of clay and probable warping during drying; straight-sided, vertical, symmetrical walls are usually not achieved. The rim is normally thick, of square section, except in the specimens of form 35 and in some of the smaller specimens. The base is flat, with diameter almost equal or larger than that of the rim. The horizontal, vertically pierced crescent lugs are normally placed on the upper part of the body, with few exceptions. The most common decorative technique is dark-on-light (spirals), with a few specimens decorated in light-on-dark (lilies) (both Minoanising wares, Marthari 1987) or matt bichrome (black and red) or polychrome (black, red and white) (mainly pictorial themes). A few are undecorated, especially all the specimens of form 35. Two opposite knobs are usually placed in between the lugs. FORM 34 includes specimens with height ranging from 0.77m. -0.93m. The mouth base diameter from 0.24m. diameter ranges from 0.36m. -0.51m., while the ranges - 0.56m. Some vessels of form 34 (e.g. CN 210-212) are more elongated than others (e.g. CN 221, CN 224), a feature apparently related mainly to the width of the body/rim diameter, rather than to the height figure, which is normally consistent. This form includes the most numerous and characteristic vessels of this type with reference to the morphological features described above. The mouth of the cylindrical pithoi found its lid, could be easily covered rather than sealed. CN 209 was with clay which is decorated with spirals. Evidence from the recent excavation suggests that objects of

380For forms 34-36 cf. Marthari 1993a, 176-178.

348 organic material (possibly wood) also served as lids (see 3.2.8); these objects seemto have been of rectangular shape.The capacity of CN 213 is ca. 145 Its., and of CN 223 is ca. 135 Its. Fowl 35 includes four specimens,all found in the House of the Ladies. The main characteristic of these vessels is the ledge (w. 0.03m. approx.) formed at the interior perimeter of the rim, which is not distinguished in external profile from the body walls. The ledge serves the fitting of a lid, found in three caseswith the vessel. The vesselsare undecorated.Their height ranges from 0.66m.-0.74m., the mouth diameter is ca. 0.30m. and the basediameter is ca. 0.46m. FORM36 includes specimensof smaller dimensions,both decoratedand undecorated. Their height ranges from 0.45m.-0.70m., the mouth diameter ranges from 0.29m. to 0.36m. and the basediameter rangesfrom 0.34m. to 0.54m.

The vessels are of low transportability, high stability and high accessibility of contents due to their unrestricted mouth. It is probable that vessels of the cylindrical type were more suitable for the storage of solids rather than liquids. One cylindrical pithos found in an open area north of Sector A contained small baskets (excavation of Pillar Pit 78A).

This is The pithoi of cylindrical type in their concept are products of Cycladic origin. in late evidenced from their morphological characteristics, the existence of the type the decorated in MC period and the absence of exact parallels in Crete. Cylindrical pithoi the late MC bichrome technique have been found in earlier levels, while pithoi of matt LCI. The red and black decoration could belong to an early stage of most characteristic large in the example is a pithos with decoration of griffins and spirals bichrome/polychrome technique381,found in Pillar Pit 35, on a floor deposit sealed and Layer" (late MC/early LC). It is also covered by a fill of the "Seismic Destruction from form to elongated possible that the shape of the vessels evolved a squatter a more be during the advanced LCI period, but this assumption can only confirmed when date light. What is significant is that the more vessels of late MC come to especially

349 large surface of cylindrical pithoi was evidently suitable for the painting of pictorial scenes382(e. CN 223); it is g. worth noting that the specific pictorial motifs represented large on a scale on these pithoi (e.g. dolphins, griffins, lilies) as also the decorative syntax (pithos invoke with griffms) consideration on the relation between pottery painting and for late wall painting, even the MC period (cf. Marthari 2000; see also discussion in 3.2.2 on painted motifs and in 3.4). Of particular interest is the that the CN 208 observation surface of and CN 224 appears to have been covered by a layer lime of plaster, on which the matt bichrome decoration was applied (Marthari in Sherratt 2000, in general discussion notes, 917).

A small cylindrical pithos from Phylakopi383with spirals and crocuses in the bichrome is technique a close parallel to the Theran specimens. The numerous examples from Akrotiri suggest the production of a type possibly unique to Akrotiri and certainly of a long tradition. The distribution of the type in the rest of the Cycladic islands cannot be speculated on due to the lack of published or preserved comparable material. Nevertheless, it seems that the closest links, as also in other pottery types, are with Phylakopi (note, however, the difficulty in distinguishing Theran from Melian clay). Marthari (1993a, 178) attributes the production of the cylindrical pithoi to the same local workshops that may have produced other large vessels such as pithoi with spout above the base and "bathtubs", based on similarities in the morphological characteristics and manufacture techniques. It is also interesting to note the similarities in the decorative motifs and syntax (spirals and "silent wave") between the cylindrical pithoi and the large ovoid pithoi of form 1 and a possible common evolution of the decorative scheme from pictorial motifs in late MC/early LCI to broad spiral zones in LCI.

381There are traces of white paint on this pithos, an observation which may be significant in chronological terms for the evolution of the decorative technique from late MC to the LCI period. 382This is also the case for other large vessels, such as ovoid pithoi of form 1 and "bathtubs", of which specimenswith pictorial/narrative scenesin bichrome technique have also been found. 383Fragments of what must have been a small cylindrical pithos are reported from Phylakopi (h. 0.335m., almost half of the body preserved) decorated in "Red and Black" style with spirals and crocuses(Atkinson et al. 1904,125, pl. XXIII, 7, "Vases with flowers in Black and Red"; cf. Marthari 1993a, 178, footnote 368).

350 CYLINDRICAL TYPE MISCELLANEOUS

Under this section are listed vessels which present some irregularities in the placement of the crescent lugs (lower on the body, e.g. CN 237), or the type of handles (e.g. CN 238, with two horizontal crescent and two vertical handles of circular/oval section, possibly an influence from Crete). Finally, there is a vessel (CN 239) consistent with the general characteristics of the cylindrical type but with specific functional /morphological features384.(see catalogue for description). A rectangular marble slab served as the lid of CN 238.

384Doumas (1983,118-119, fig. 19) proposed that the vessel served as a beehive. Sarpaki (1987,215) flat bread. A suggestedthat the vessel may have been used for the baking of a type of similar suggestion in features CN 239) from Palaikastro was made for cylindrical vessels (smaller and different specific than (Bosanquet and Dawkins 1903,325, fig. 25).

351 IMPORTED SPECIMENS

CRETE

VESSELS WITH RESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

CN 240, pl. 71

CN Vessels 240 and CN 256 (the latter of ovoid type, with narrow mouth, high collar), have distinct the feature of two series of multiple vertical handles on the shoulder and above the base (six upper and six lower on CN 240 and eight upper and four lower on CN 256). They (height are small vessels ranging from 0.60m. -0.75m. ); the mouth diameter ranges from 0.14m. -0.19m., the base diameter is ca. 0.22m. and they are decorated with rope bands and/or trickle patterns. The vessels are of moderate transportability/stability/accessibility. The multiple handles on the shoulder would have been very convenient grasping points for transportation by rotating the vessels. Provenance/date: The morphological features, and especially the arrangement of the handles385,point to the area of the Mesara. The rope type on CN 256 is common in the Mesara in MMIII (Christakis 1999a, 321, Rope 1). The vessels are dated to MMIII.

CN 241-245, pls. 72-74

This group of vessels ranges in height from 0.60m. -0.80m. The rim is of a distinct square/trapezoidal section, the mouth diameter ranges from 0.15m. -0.25m. and the base diameter from 0.16m. -0.23m. They have four vertical handles on the shoulder. Two of the specimens (CN 241 and (CN 243) have painted motifs in dark-on-light

385Christakis 1996,69.

352 (note especially the petaloid loops of CN 241). Two specimens (CN 242 and CN 243) have holes small circular a short distance above the base. The capacity of CN 241 is ca. 60 Its. The vessels are of moderate transportability/stability/accessibility. Provenance/date: Christakis (1996), based on morphological and technological observations, assigns particular specimens found in the areas of Mesara and Knossos to potting groups/traditions originating in the area of southwest Mesara, possibly by itinerant manufactured potters who learned their craft in a Phaistian pottery centre. Examination in situ of some of the Akrotiri specimens by Dr Christakis suggests that the vessels of this group also fit well as products of Mesara potting traditions (pers. comm., and cf. Christakis 1999a, 299, form 6). Distinct features include the rim formation, the treatment of the surface and the painted decoration of CN 241. The ovoid, quite elongated shape, points to a MMIII date. Especially for the petaloid loop motif of CN 241, cf. parallels in Levi 1976, pls. 48b-c, 166a-b, Pernier 1935, pl. XXXVII (Phaistos) and references in Christakis 1996,70, footnotes 63-65, for

specimens from Kommos, Knossos Royal Road Excavations and Poros. The Phaistian specimens are dated to Levi's Protopalatial phase lb (MMIIb), while the pithoi from Knossos, Poros and Kommos are dated to MMII or MMIII (Christakis 1996,70, 1999a, 299). The paint on the Akrotiri specimen is much worn, especially on the upper part of the motifs; it appears, however, that the petaloid loops are solid painted, with only one reserved disc. There is no exact parallel for the painted decoration of CN 243 ("palm" motifs and large ivy leaves). Moreover, there is no mention of circular holes, such as those found on CN 242 and CN 243, in other Cretan specimens.

CN 246 (pl. 75), CN 247 (pl. 76), CN 248 (pl. 77) are ovoid pithoi with rope relief decoration (see catalogue for description). CN 246 seems to contain a small quantity of what appears to be silver mica; therefore petrographic analysis is necessary in order to assign a provenance area, which may be outside Crete. CN 247 could originate in the Zakros/Palaikastro area and is dated to LMI (Dr K. Christakis, pers. comm. ). CN 248 could originate in central/southeast central Crete (Viannos area), and is dated to MMIII (Dr K. Christakis, pers. comm. ).

353 OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

CN 249-253, pls. 78-81

These vessels are characterised by the arrangement of the handles and the distinct rope patterns. They range in height from 0.67m. -0.77m., the mouth diameter ranges from 0.18m. -0.27m. and the base diameter from 0.19m. -0.26m. They have tall cylindrical/funnel collar, usually flaring, thin rim, four vertical handles on the shoulder and two opposite, horizontal on the belly, almost at middle body height. The vessels are of moderate/low transportability and moderate accessibility and stability. Provenance/date: the arrangement of the handles and a distinct rope type found on most specimens (pl. 113) suggest a provenance area in West Crete (cf. Christakis 1999a, 298, form 3,306, form 27,323, ropes 14-15). Comparable specimens can be found in Vrysses Kydonias (Zois 1976,49, pl. 16, no. 4021, pl. 17, no. 4019) and Nerokourou (Tzedakis and Sacconi 1989,149-151,261, fig. 72, no. 540). It should be noted that the base of the vessels in both sites mentioned is perforated. The Akrotiri specimens, however, do not present exactly the same morphological features in terms of body shape and decoration. Petrographic analysis will be the means to establish the local provenance. There remains a possibility that some of the specimens are products copying Minoan specimens, or even the work of an itinerant potter working under the from West Cretan potting traditions. Two specimens present the largest deviation the (CN 252 CN basic morphological features as attested on similar vessels in Crete and is MMIII-LNII (Christakis 253, see catalogue for description). The date suggested 1999a).

high CN 254 (pl. 82), The remaining vessels of ovoid type with narrow mouth, collar, CN 255 (pl. 83), CN 256, CN 257 (pl. 84a), CN 258 (pl. 84b), CN 259, are small diameter 0.20m. (except pithoi, ranging in height from 0.65m. -0.82m., with mouth ca. have four for CN 257,0.31m. ) and base diameter from 0.20m. -0.25m. They usually has handles the base; vertical handles on the shoulder (CN 254 also another two above CN 240) CN 256 has eight handles on the shoulder and four above the base, cf. above

354 and they are decoratedwith rope patterns and/or trickle patterns. They are vesselsof moderatetransportability/accessibility/stability.

Provenance/date: CN 254 and CN 259 may originate in central Crete; similar neck rope as on CN 254 is found in the area of Mesara (Dr Christakis, pers. comm. ). CN 255 may originate in the area of Malia/East Crete (Dr Christakis, pers. comm., and cf. Christakis 1999a, 308, form 31). The knobs which occur on CN 257 and CN 258 are as a feature more common in the MM period than in LM. The vessels are dated to MMIII-LMI.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH WIDE MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

CN 260 (pl. 85) is the largest imported pithos in the settlement of Akrotiri and one of the largest storage vessels in general. It is 1.20m. high and the mouth diameter is ca. 0.50m. It has four vertical handles on the shoulder and possibly another four above the base, which is of projecting profile. The decoration consists of groups of horizontal rope patterns and possibly trickles. It is almost intact, left in situ, in room 3,3 of Sector A. The vessel is of low transportability and moderate/high accessibility and stability. Provenance/date: morphological characteristics, such as the formation of the handles and the collar/rim, the projecting profile base and the rope patterns, and a preliminary macroscopic observation of the fabric suggest a provenance in the area of Malia (Dr K. Christakis, pers. comm.; cf. Christakis Form 51; Betancourt 1985, pl. 16D). It is dated in LMI.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

CN 261 (pl. 86), CN 262 (pl. 87), CN 263 (pl. 88, fig. 36) are vessels with four distinctive vertical handles on the shoulder, thick rim of square/trapezoidal section and

355 decoration in light-on-dark (spirals). CN 263 is more elongated in the shape of the body, has thick banded broad-basedhandles, four upper and another four lower above a tall base, slightly projecting in profile at the junction with the body. The white decoration is much worn. The vesselsvary considerably in terms of height; the mouth diameter ranges from 0.20m.-0.24m. The vessels are of moderatetransportability and stability, moderate/highaccessibility. The capacity of CN 263 is ca. 110 Its. Provenance/date: Morphological features (formation of rim and handles) and the white-on-dark spiral decoration point to the area of Mesara as a plausible provenance; the date is probably LMIA rather than MMIII (note the elongated shape of body, the absence of incisions on the base of projecting profile of CN 263 and the persistence of the light-on-dark ware into LMIA). Marthari (1993a, 48) also ascribes CN 262 into a "late Kamares ware" tradition, and suggests a date of MMIIIB/LMIA or LMIA.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

CN 264- 271, pls. 89-92, figs. 37-39

few Minoan These vessels are commonly referred to as "pithoid jars". There are only a form in its specimens imported at Akrotiri, but the vessel general morphological in attributes was widely imitated in the Aegean and adapted the pottery tradition of in forms 13-19). The the each area (see above discussion of local specimens collar of (e. CN 268-270), lower, specimens can be tall, cylindrical/funnel-shaped g. or in height from 0.52m. cylindrical (e.g. CN 264-266). The specimens range -0.82m., base diameter from 0.16m. their mouth diameter ranges from 0.20m. -0.29m. and the - four horizontal 0.22m. They usually have a square-sectioned thin rim, three or or lower vertical handles on the shoulder (occasionally also a series of small vertical few handles). CN 267 has a rather rounded, almost globular upper body. With very horizontal the lower of the exceptions, there is a zone of parallel ridges on narrow part is body, down to the disc base (of clear-cut square section). The decoration normally

356 in horizontal applied zones, framed by bands. It is worth noting the high quality of both in manufacture, technological terms (semi-coarse to fine fabric, thin walls, many of the specimens appear to be wheel-thrown, either entirely or large parts, smooth surface with occasionally lustrous slip, lustrous paint), and in morphological terms (proportionate shapes, careful and elaborate application of decoration, extensive use of in details). white The vessels are of high transportability and accessibility and moderate stability. The capacity of CN 264 is ca. 90 Its., of CN 268 is ca. 35 Its. Provenance/date: The most comprehensive studies on pithoid jars are in Niemeier 1985 (7-13, figs. 1-2)386and especially for the Minoan specimens in Christakis 1999a (311, forms 43-45).

For the Akrotiri specimens we are inevitably forced to limit the discussion to the examination of morphological features, as no petrographic analysis is available. In these terms, there appear to be good parallels for some of the Akrotiri specimens in east Cretan sites (mostly for the decorative motifs and syntax). More specifically, for the spiral net motif of CN 265 cf. the pithoid jars from Pseira387(Seager 1910,28-29, fig. 9, Betancourt 1985, pl. 18H, Marinatos and Hirmer 1973, pl. 80) and a specimen from the Northeast House at Knossos (Evans 1928, PM II, fig. 245). For CN 269, with decoration of painted double axes, cf. the pithoid jars from Pseira388(Seager 1910,26- 27, pl. VII, Betancourt 1985, pl. 19D, and Marinatos and Hirmer 1973, pl. 81), from Zakros (PAE 1961,222-3, pl. 177b) and from Palaikastro (Bosanquet and Dawkins, 41, fig. 29). For CN 268 and CN 270, with decoration of interlocking whorls, cf. the pithoid jars from Zakros, room E of the Palace389(PAE 1962,160, pl. 156c, Platon 1971,117, upper), and Pseira (Seager 1910,33, fig. 14, Betancourt 1983, no 54, fig. 9 and pl. 5). Two vessels from Gournia are decorated with double axes and whorls (Hawes 1908,44, pl. IX, 28a, and pl. K). Note that there may be differences in the

jars in Minoan 386See especially footnotes 51 and 54 for references on fmdspots of LMI pithoid sites, including Epano Archanes, Knossos, Tylissos, Sklavokampos, Zakros, Pseira, Malia, Palaikastro, Gournia, jars Cretan Phaistos, and footnotes 70-71 for references on fmdspots of MH/LHI pithoid (including imports) in Mainland Greece. 387Seager (1910,29) suggestsa metal original for the moulded rim. Seager, 388The rim of the vessel is pierced with a row of small holes, which, according to served to sew on is cloth (Seager 1910,27); note that the rim of CN 267 similarly pierced 389This is area XI in the plan published in Platon 1971.

357 comparative material in the shapeof body and the formation of the collar/rim. Spirals are more commonly found on pithoid jars.

Platon Niemeier and assume that pithoid jars, especially with cylindrical/funnel collar, were products of a workshop located in Kato Zakros390.Platon found a group of similar vessels (at least ten), in fragments mixed with clay bricks, inside and in the neighbouring areas of rooms XI and XV of the Zakros Palace, fallen, as he notes, from 391 the upper floor Christakis (1999a, 331) identifies two workshops, one in the area of Mesara and the other at Knossos. In some of the specimens of the Mesara area the lower set of handles is omitted. It is possible that most of the vessels found at Akrotiri, as well as some of their parallels found in east Cretan sites, are products of a Knossian workshop.

Concerning the date, Niemeier considers the vessels with cylindrical/funnel collar to appear in LMIB392, which cannot be accepted in view of the Akrotiri specimens which are securely dated in LMIA. This misconception may have arisen because most of the vessels in Crete were found in destruction deposits of the YIVIIB period 393 Regarding two vessels from Pseira, Betancourt remarks that "among the LMIB destructions are a few vases, principally large jars, which were probably survivals from LMIA" (Betancourt 1985,139, pls. 18H, 19D). It is possible that, at Akrotiri, specimens such as CN 268 and CN 269 could have been some of the latest vessels, in chronological terms, imported to the site from Crete.

390Platon 1971; PAE 1962,160; Niemeier 1985,8, footnote 54. 391Platon 1971,115-120. 392Niemeier 1985,8-9, fig. 1. 393 Platon (PAE 1962,160) assumes that «Ta ayydci npo(pavc Eivag napaycwyr Tou TonIKOÜ avaKTOpIKOÜEpyaoTgpiou, 6Tl YMIA aAA' o puepbc TWV yEW6 TnV cvrC nwv avýKEI EIS Tnv ev6l6p&aov pcTaEiJ MMIIIB Kai nEpioöov, cv6 n RNioi on YMIB oVEllpcoiq TWV pE TO 6AAa ayyEla EISTO KUTOOTPO(PIK6VaTp(i)pa avbyovlal EIc Tqv nEpi0ÖOV».

358 CN 272 is a small undecorated specimen, with narrow mouth and three vertical handles on the shoulder, made of dark red clay.

CN 273 (pl. 93) is a small specimen with tall cylindrical narrow collar and painted decoration of reeds covering the largest part of the body. The finely executed decoration of reeds is still within the naturalistic spirit of LMIA and invokes comparison with motifs on wall paintings (on the Xeste 3 reed fresco see Vlachopoulos 2000).

359 VESSELS WITH UNRESTRICTED MOUTH

CONICAL TYPE BRIDGE- OR FALSE-SPOUTED

LOW/NO COLLAR

CN 274 (pl. 94) is a large conical pithos with false spout (bridge-spout not pierced). It is 0.94m. high, the mouth diameter is 0.53m. and the base diameter is 0.27m. There is a vertical handle opposite the spout, at right angles to the two opposite horizontal ones. The vessel is undecorated. The capacity of the vessel is ca. 130 Its. Provenance/date: preliminary results from examination of the fabric suggest a provenance in the Malia area (Dr C. Knappett, pers. comm. ). Conical pithoi appear in MMII but their major distribution is in MMIII and LMI (Christakis 1999a, 314-316, cf. esp. forms 54-55; form 59 comprises vessels which have a bridge-spout, occasionally false, but the vertical upper/middle body profile of the specimens is rather different from the straight-sided profile of the Akrotiri pithos).

360 MAINLAND GREECE

VESSELS WITH RESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

CN 275-278, pis. 95-96

The specimens of this form have been published by Marthari (1980; see also Marthari 1993b). See also discussion in 3.4 and individual description in the catalogue of specimens (Appendix II). Similar vessels have been found in Kea (Cummer and Schofield 1984,124, pl. 84, no. 1539). The vessels are of high trasportability and accessibility and low stability due to the almost pointed base. Most probably they ended up at Akrotiri as transfer vessels for commodities (Marthari 1980,206), possibly originating at Mycenae or the northeast Peloponnese (more probably) or west Attica and Aigina (Marthari 1980,205).

361 OTHER PROVENANCE

Most of the vessels which are listed under the types presented below are unique in morphological features, an observation obviously related to the wide range of provenance areas and potting traditions. The fabric of the majority of the vessels is red or red/brown with inclusions and usually gold mica. Features, such as the white-on-dark decoration and the crescent lugs, point to pottery traditions of the Cyclades and/or the Dodecanese. Parallels in morphological terms are hard to establish, due to lack of evidence or published material from relevant sites. It is worth noting that some of the vessels are large in size and capacity. Petrographic analysis is needed to confirm macroscopic observations; indeed, some of the vessels might prove to be of local production (but of a distinct reddish/brown clay, different from the usual light-coloured buff, see also above the discussion in form 23). For individual description of the vessels see the catalogue (Appendix II).

VESSELS WITH RESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE

WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

CN 279 (pl. 97) presents morphological features, such as the type and arrangement of the handles, the zone of parallel ridges on the neck area, and the decorative syntax, dark decoration, that are paralleled on large local pithoi of form 1. The white-on and especially the technique of applying the paint directly on the clay without any surface Aegean. treatment (slip or paint) may point towards a provenance from the southeast its The vessel has a narrow, almost pointed, base, which affects stability.

CN 280 (pl. 98) is a large pithos (h. 1.03m.) with two horizontal crescent lugs of body. These features be rather square section and pairs of ridges on the can closely CN 17 form 2. paralleled on local pithoi CN 15 and of

362 OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

CN 281 (pl. 99) CN 282 (p1.104) CN 283 (p1.100) CN 284 CN 285 (p1.101)

The decoration types of the rope of these vessels are paralleled in Cretan vessels (except for possibly the rope on CN 285). Note the bulging body shape and the proportionally narrow base of CN 282 and CN 283, which may reflect a Cycladic tradition. The capacity of CN 283 is estimated to be ca. 140 Its.

OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

CN 286 (pl. 102) CN 287 (p1.103) CN 288 (pl. 104) CN 289 (p1.105, figs. 41A-B) CN 290 (pl. 106a) CN 291 (pl. 106b) CN 292 (p1.107, fig. 40)

CN 286-289 and CN 292 are pithoi of coarse fabric; most of them have rope decoration (except for CN 292). Specific features deserve a special mention, such as the horizontal and wavy rope bands of CN 286 with a type of rope (superimposed clay discs creating a high relief scale effect, pl. 111a) which is not paralleled or it is very rare in Crete. Note also the bulging body shape and the proportionally narrow base of CN 288. CN 289 may be paralleled in morphological terms to pithoi from Keos (Cummer and Schofield 1984, pl. 87, nos. 1575 and 1576, from room 31 of House A, destruction deposit, Period VII). The capacity of CN 288 is estimated to be ca. 100 its., of CN 286 ca. 140 Its., of CN 289 ca. 110 Its. and of CN 292 ca. 40 Its.

CN 290 and CN 291 have painted decoration of groups of broad horizontal parallel bands and a distinct arrangement of four vertical handles on the shoulder (in the case

363 CN 290 handles of two of the end directly on the rim). Petrographic analysis might the be prove vessels to local; however, they are listed as imports becauseof their features, morphological which are not common in the local production of the site. They high are of transportability/accessibility (note the arrangementof the handles).

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

CN 293 (pl. 108) CN 294 CN 295 CN 296-304 (pl. 109) CN 305

These vessels are of high transportability. CN 294 and CN 295 may prove to be of local production (note the application of white painted motifs directly on the clay surface in the case of CN 295). The vessels CN 296-304 are identical in morphological terms to those listed as local under form 24. The capacity of CN 303 is ca. 20 Its. For the distinction in terms of fabric see discussion under form 23. The fabric of CN 305 apparently contains silver mica. The capacity of CN 305 is ca. 50 Its.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

CN 306-307 are identical in morphological terms to vessels listed as local under form 23 (see discussion under form 23 for the distinction in terms of fabric).

CN 308

CN 309, pl. 108b Note the application of white painted motifs directly on the clay surface. CN 310

364 VESSELS WITH UNRESTRICTED MOUTH

CONICAL TYPE LOW/NO COLLAR

CN 311-312, pl. 110

On the fabric seethe discussionunder form 23. Some of the specimensmight prove to be of local production. These are all specimens of high transportability and accessibility.

365 APPENDIX II

CATALOGUE OF SPECIMENS

The following catalogue is by no means exhaustive, especially regarding the vessels of smaller dimensions. Very few vessels from the recent excavation (1999-2001) have been included, for which we are more or less certain about their context (LCI rooms of yet unidentified buildings). For the remaining vessels, especially those from stratigraphically earlier levels, we must await study of the related material (some references, however, are made in 3.4). All measurements are in meters. When two measurements are cited for the rim diameter, the lower figure refers to the mouth diameter, while the higher includes the rim formation. For some of the specimens, information on the fmdspot could not be retrieved. References are made to the figures and plates in Volume III. The vessels are listed following the classification of types and forms (see 3.1 and appendix I) and seriation numbers (catalogue numbers CN); the excavation inventory numbers are cited for identification (AIN); the concordance between CN and AIN is listed in Table 3. The vessels are stored in the apothekes of the archaeological site and of the Phira Museum for Prehistoric Thera. A few of the specimens are currently exhibited in the Museum for Prehistoric Thera and the Archaeological Museum at Phira.

366 LOCAL SPECIMENS

VESSELS WITH RESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE

WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 1

1. AIN 2512 (pl. lb)

H. 0.855. D. rim 0.37/0.505. D. base 0.23.

Found in Sector A, room 16. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions, yellowish/whitish slip. Horizontal, flat flaring rim with rounded edge. Four vertical banded handles on the upper part of the body. Four horizontal ridges under the rim and above the handles. Decoration in brown/black paint: the external surface of the vessel is painted all over, except for a frieze at the height of the handles, where there is a horizontal series of running painted solid-centre spirals on reserved ground.

2. AIN 2598 (pl. la)

H. 0.875. D. rim 0.34/0.46. D. base 0.22. Found in Sector A, room 16. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions, yellowish/whitish slip. Horizontal, flat flaring rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs on a slightly higher level. Three horizontal, parallel ridges on the upper part of the body under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: the external surface, the rim and the lugs are painted all over, except for an area on the upper part of the body, which is filled with a horizontal series of

367 painted running solid-centre spirals on reserved ground, and also probably the lower part of the body near the base.

3. AIN 2510 (p1. id)

H. 0.967. D. rim 0.435/0.57. Found in Sector A, room 11.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish/greenish fabric with large black and other inclusions, slip of the same colour. Horizontal, flat flaring rim of square/trapezoidal section. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs. Decoration in red/brown paint: the external surface, the rim and the lugs are painted all over, except for a reserved area on the upper part of the body, which is defined by solid "silent wave" formations (wavy upper and lower margins) and filled with a horizontal series of circles with large disc inside, and the lower part of the body above the base.

4. AIN 7187

H. 0.865. D. rim 0.315/0.45. Found in Sector A, room I a. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat flaring rim. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs, on a slightly higher level. Two ridges at the base of the neck and the upper part of the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown paint: the external surface, the rim and the lugs are painted all over, except for a reserved area on the upper part of the body, which is filled with a horizontal series of running solid-centre spirals.

5. AIN 7188

H. 0.84. D. rim 0.40/0.58. D. base 0.59. Found in Sector A, room 1a.

368 Repaired and restored, but large part of the body is missing. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat flaring rim. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically lugs, pierced placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs, on a slightly higher level (two are missing). Three ridges at the base of the neck/upper part of the shoulder. Decoration in red and brown/black paint: the external surface, the rim and the lugs are painted all over in red, except for a reserved area on the upper part of the body ("silent wave", wavy upper and lower margins), which is filled with a horizontal series of brown/black running spirals, with red cross motif in the centre of each spiral; brown/red paint on parts of the internal surface.

6. A13/25NO26

H. 0.78. D. rim 0.39/0.53. D. base0.23. Found in Pillar Pit 25.

Repaired and restored, large part of the body and the rim missing. Yellowish fabric. Horizontal, flat flaring rim. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body (one missing), and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs, on a slightly higher level (both missing). Two horizontal parallel ridges on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in brown/black paint: the external surface, the rim and the lugs are painted all over.

7. A12/25NO27

H. 0.94. D. rim 0.41/0.48. D. base 0.23. Found in Pillar Pit 25.

Repaired and restored, large part of the body and the rim missing. Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, in-between crescent, vertically pierced lugs and two opposite vertical, banded handles the lugs (both missing), placed on the upper part of the body. Three horizontal parallel in ridges on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration red/brown

369 paint: the external surface, the rim and the lugs are painted all over, except for a reserved area on the upper part of the body ("silent wave", wavy upper and lower is filled margins), which with a horizontal series of painted running spirals.

8. AIN 467

H. 0.79. D. rim 0.40/0.52. D. base 0.22. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric. Thin flaring rim, of almost triangular section. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs on a slightly higher level. Three horizontal parallel, ridges on the upper part of the body. The external surface, the rim and the lugs are painted all over in red to black.

9. AIN 2597

H. pres. 0.858.

Found in Sector A, room 9y.

Repaired and restored. Large part of the body and the rim are missing. Light brown fabric.

Only one vertical banded handle is preserved. Ridge over the handle area. Decoration in red/brown paint: the external surface is painted all over, except for a reserved area on the upper part of the body, which is filled with painted running spirals, with parallel wavy bands above and below and large painted dots in-between the spirals.

10. AIN 4854 (pl. 3)

H. 0.86. D. rim 0.535. Found in the West House, room 3I'. Repaired and restored. Yellowish clay and slip. Horizontal flaring rim with rounded edge. Two opposite, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Eight horizontal parallel ridges under the rim (the rim and the upper five ridges are painted in red, the lower three are painted in

370 brown/black. Decoration in red/brown paint: floral, marine (dolphins), animal (bull, birds) motifs and spirals. PAE 1980, pl. 178. Published in Doumas 1999.

11. AIN 4914 (pl. 1c)

H. 0.98. D. rim 0.38/0.49. D. base 0.22.

Found in Sector 0, room 17.

Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip, very smooth internal surface. Horizontal, flaring rim of trapezoidal/rounded section. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs on a slightly higher level. Two horizontal parallel ridges under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: on the upper part of the body, series of running solid-centre spirals on reserved ground with three wavy bands above; the lower part of the vessel is painted all over (a series of standing double or triple arcs imitates "silent wave" motif); also painted are the rim and the zone of the ridges.

12. AIN 2508 (pl. 2, fig. 12)

H. 1.047. D. rim 0.39/0.48. D. base 0.21.

Found in Sector A, room 2, northeast corner. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/greenish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs on a slightly higher level. Three horizontal parallel ridges on the upper part of the body under the rim. Decoration in brown/black paint: series of running solid-centre spirals with wavy bands, three above and four below; on the lower part of the body, "silent wave" motif covering the rest of the handles, surface, except for a small part above the base; also painted are the rim, the the lugs and the zone of the ridges. Thera IV, pl. 65a.

371 13. (not inventoried)

H. pres. 0.87m.

Found in Sector A, room 1; in situ, standing by the south wall. Part of the upper part of the body and the rim are broken or missing. The vessel is partially covered by pumice. Yellowish fabric and slip. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs on a slightly higher level. Two (visible) horizontal parallel ridges on the upper part of the body under the rim. Decoration in brown and added white paint: horizontal parallel bands define two decorative zones: in the upper, narrower, at the level of the handles, series of circles with solid discs inside; in the broad main zone, series of running solid- centre spirals; the lower part of the body down to the base is painted all over; white lines on the horizontal bands; also painted are the handles, the lugs and the zone of the ridges.

14. (not inventoried)

H. pres. 0.87m. Found in Sector A, room 1; in situ, standing by the south wall. Part of the upper part of the body and the rim are broken or missing. The vessel is partially covered by pumice. Yellowish fabric and slip. Identical to CN 13.

FORM 2

15. AIN 5156 (pl. 4a, fig. 13)

H. 1.13. D. rim 0.36/0.45. D. base 0.20. Found in the West House, room 6.

Repaired and restored. Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite horizontal everted horizontal, handles of circular/oval section shortly under the rim and two opposite body. Five horizontal crescent, vertically pierced lugs on the upper part of the parallel

372 pairs of ridges on the body and one similar under the rim. Decoration in brown paint: in the zone defined by the first two bands of ridges on the upper part of the body, horizontal series of circles with disc inside; also painted are the rim, the zones of the ridges and the crescent lugs; broad painted horizontal band on the lower part of the body above the base.

16. AIN 6054 (pl. 4b)

H. 1.13. D. rim 0.3 5/0.43. D. base 0.23. Found in Xeste 3, room 10. Repaired and restored. Reddish/pink fabric with inclusions, pink/yellowish slip. Horizontal flat rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section shortly under the rim and two opposite horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs on the upper part of the body. Five horizontal parallel rope bands on the body and one similar under the rim. Decoration in red to brown/black paint: trickle patterns stemming from the upper part of the body and the upper handles; also painted are the rim and the handles; paint has run from the rim on the internal surface.

17. AIN 7753 (pl. 5)

H. 1.32. D. rim 0.50/0.635. D. base 0.26. Found in Sector A, room I a. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section shortly under the rim and two opposite horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs on the upper part of the body. Seven horizontal in parallel pairs of ridges on the body and one similar under the rim. Decoration red/brown paint: speckles of paint on the body surface; painted are the rim, the crescent lugs and the bands of the ridges.

18. AIN 5659

H. 0.93. D. rim 0.31/0.395. D. base0.24.

373 Found in Xeste 3, room 6.

Repairedand restored.Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section shortly under the rim and two opposite horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs on the upper part of the body. Three horizontal parallel ridges under the rim. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns stemming from the upper part of the body; also painted is the rim; traces of paint on the handles.

19. AIN 3213

H. 1.03. D. rim 0.36/0.45. D. base 0.18. Found in the Western Quarters, room 2. Repaired and restored. Light brown/reddish fabric with inclusions, pink/light brown slip. Horizontal, rather rounded rim. Two opposite, horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly below the rim. One horizontal ridge under the rim. Decoration in red to brown/black paint: trickle patterns stemming from the upper part of the body and the lugs; also painted are the rim and broad band below including the ridge, and the lugs.

FORM 3

20. AIN 4318 (pl. 7)

H. 1.20. D. rim 0.35/0.455. No information exists on the findspot. Repaired and restored. Light brown/pink fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder immediately under the rim with oval impressions at their lower ends and another three similar corresponding above the base. Base of projecting profile. On the body, five parallel horizontal raised (low relief) bands with incised

374 vertical/crescent strokes, and rope band under the rim. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles;also painted is the rim.

21. AIN 1473 (pl. 6a)

H. 1.17. D. rim 0.35/0.46. D. base 0.195. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish/pink slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder immediately under the rim with oval impressions at their lower ends, and another three similar corresponding above the base (one missing). Base of projecting profile. On the body, six parallel horizontal raised bands with vertical incisions, and rope band with almost circular impressions under the rim. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; also painted are the rim and the zone including the neck rope band.

22. AIN 1474

H. 1.35. D. rim 0.41/0.52. D. base 0.21. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions, yellowish/whitish slip. Horizontal, thick flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder immediately under the rim with oval impressions at their lower ends, and another three similar corresponding above the base. Base of projecting profile. On the body, six parallel horizontal raised bands with vertical/crescent incisions, and a rope band with circular impressions under the rim. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body; also painted are the rim and the first raised band on the body.

23. AIN 474 (p1.6b, fig. 14)

H. 1.365. D. rim 0.42/0.53. D. base 0.22. Found in Sector A, room 3,3.

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions, yellowish/whitish slip.

375 Horizontal, flat thick rim of square/trapezoidal section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder immediately under the rim (two missing) with impressions oval at their lower ends, and another three corresponding similar above base the (one missing). Base of projecting profile. On the body, six parallel horizontal raised bands with vertical/crescent incisions, and rope band under the rim. Decoration in brown paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; also painted is the rim; speckles of paint on the body.

24. AIN 4853

H. 1.12. D. rim 0.45. D. base 0.205. Found in Xeste 3, room 6. Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder immediately under the rim and another three corresponding similar near the base. Five raised bands with vertical incisions on the body and rope band under the rim. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns stemming from the rim at the points above the upper handles.

25. AIN 8727

H. pr. 0.798. D. base 0.175. Found in Pillar Pit 43.

Repaired and restored. Large part of the upper body and the rim is missing. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section above the base (one missing), the handles on the shoulder are not preserved. Base of projecting profile. Five horizontal parallel raised bands with vertical/crescent incisions on the body. Decoration in brown paint: trickle patterns, much worn.

FORM 4

26. AIN 6889 (p1.8a)

376 H. 1.04. D. rim 0.34/0.425. D. base 0.21.

Found in Sector 0, room 9a, ground floor, south part. Repaired and restored, large part of the body and rim (almost half) and two upper handles are missing. Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder immediately under the rim and another three similar corresponding above the base. Low base of projecting profile. On the body, four parallel horizontal raised bands with vertical/crescent incisions, and a rope band under the rim. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles, and speckles of paint; also painted is the rim.

27. AIN 1479 (pl. 8b)

H. 1.13. D. rim 0.395/0.47. D. base 0.20. Found in Sector A. room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish/whitish slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder immediately under the rim and another three similar corresponding above the base. Base of projecting profile. On the body, five parallel horizontal raised bands with vertical/crescent incisions, and another similar, narrower, under the rim. Decoration in brown paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; also painted is the rim.

28. AIN 1482

H. 1.21. D. rim 0.38/0.47. D. base 0.21. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown/reddish fabric, yellowish/pink slip. Horizontal, thick flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval

section on the shoulder shortly under the rim and another three similar corresponding above the base, all with oval impressions at their lower ends. Base of projecting bands profile. On the body, five parallel horizontal raised with vertical and band impressions vertical/crescent incisions, and a rope with circular under the rim.

377 Decoration in brown paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; also painted is the rim; the paint has run from the rim to the neck band and down to the body surface; speckles of paint on the body.

29. (not inventoried)

H. pres. 1.00. Found in Sector A, room 1; in situ, standing by the south wall. Part of the upper body and rim broken or missing. Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the upper part of the body and another three similar corresponding above the base, not all visible. On the body, four parallel horizontal raised bands with vertical/crescent incisions, and a rope band with circular impressions under the rim. Decoration in brown paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles.

OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 5

30. AIN 4916 (pl. 9a)

H. 0.81. D. rim 0.27/0.35. D. base 0.25. Found in Xeste 3, room 13. Repaired and restored. Pink fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section On body, three horizontal on the shoulder shortly under the rim. the parallel rope in Decoration in bands and another one under the rim, with variations the rope pattern. is the brown paint: trickle patterns on the body; also painted rim.

31. AIN 4201 (p1.9b, fig. 15)

378 H. 0.825. D. rim 0.24/0.32. D. base0.23. Found in Xeste 3, room 7, first floor. Repaired and restored. Light brown/yellowish fabric with large black inclusions, greenish slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder shortly under the rim. Four groups of three horizontal parallel ridges under the rim and on the body. Decoration in brown paint: on the upper part of the body, in the frieze defined by the first and the second group of horizontal ridges, series of solid painted discs; also painted are the external and the internal surface of the rim and the ridges.

FORM 6

32. AIN 5653 (pl. 10a)

H. 0.69. D. rim 0.18/0.27. D. base 0.20.

Found in Sector A, room 9a, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Pink fabric, whitish/yellowish slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/rounded section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder immediately under the rim. Decoration in red to brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles and the area below the rim; also painted is the rim; speckles of paint on the external surface.

33. AIN 4856 (pl. 10b)

H. 0.74. D. rim 0.17/0.28. D. base 0.22. Found in Sector A, room 17.

Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section

on the shoulder immediately under the rim, with shallow oval impressions at their lower ends. Horizontal rope band at the base of the neck. Decoration in red to brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; also

painted is the rim.

379 34. AIN 1485

H. 0.79. D. rim 0.215/0.295.

Found in Sector A room 2,3. In situ, with stone lid. Repaired and restored. Horizontal, rounded rim. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder shortly under the rim, with oval impressions at their lower ends. Undecorated.

OVOID TYPE MISCELLANEOUS

35. AIN 1476-472 (pl. 11, fig. 17)

H. 1.32. D. rim 0.47/0.57. D. base 0.34. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal, thick flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder shortly under the rim (one missing). On the body, seven parallel horizontal rope bands; similar oblique rope bands in the first zone defined by the horizontal rope bands, and similar wavy rope band in the second zone. Decoration in red/brown paint: trickle patterns on the body; also painted are the rim and the low neck.

36. AIN 4920 (pl. 12)

H. 0.86. D. rim 0.23/0.32. D. base 0.25. Found in Sector A, room 17.

Repaired and restored. Pink/yellowish fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section

on the shoulder and another three similar corresponding above the base. On the body, three parallel horizontal rope (low relief) bands with incised vertical strokes, and a

380 horizontal incised zone of vertical strokes on the shoulder.Decoration in red/brown to black trickle paint: patterns on the body stemming from the upper handles; also painted is the rim.

37. AIN 4917 (pl. 13)

H. 0.9. D. rim 0.21/0.3. D. base 0.18.

Found in Sector 0, room 17.

Repaired and restored. Pink/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder with oval impressions at their lower ends. On the body, five parallel horizontal rope bands with incised vertical strokes, and another one under the rim. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; also painted is the rim and also possibly the zone including the first band.

38. AIN 5842

H. 0.53. D. rim 0.17/0.24. D. base 0.18. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two vertical, banded handles at a higher level. Ridge at the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body.

39. AIN 2124 (pl. 14)

H. 0.50. D. rim 0.20/0.315. D. base 0.17. Found in Sector A, room 16.

Repaired and restored. Light brown/pink fabric with inclusions, yellowish slip. Flaring rim. Low cylindrical neck. Two opposite vertical banded handles at the level of the lugs neck ridges and two opposite horizontal, everted crescent, vertically pierced on in the shoulder. Three horizontal parallel ridges at the base of the neck. Decoration

381 red/brown and added white paint: zone of running spirals on reserved ground on the belly, defined by wavy parallel bands, two above and three below; on the lower part of body the possibly solid "silent wave" motif; also painted are the neck ridges and the including rim, the internal surface; white bands in the space in-between the neck ridges and white plant-like motifs on the solid centre of the spirals.

40. AIN 1509

Found in Sector A, room 9,1, by the south wall. H. 0.44. D. rim 0.16. D. base 0.18. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with large inclusions, whitish slip. Four vertical banded handles on the shoulder. Rope band at the base of the neck. Oblique deep impressions in-between the handles. Undecorated.

41. AIN 5658 (pl. 15)

H. 0.775. D. rim 0.235/0.32. D. base 0.16. Found in Sector A.

Repaired and restored. Pink fabric, whitish slip. Horizontal, thin flat rim of trapezoidal/rounded section. Three vertical handles of in brown circular/oval section on the shoulder immediately under the rim. Decoration internal paint: the rim and the neck are painted all over; broad painted band on the surface of the rim; speckles of paint on the body.

42. AIN 2635

H. 0.78. D. rim 0.265/0.38. D. base 0.22. Found in Xeste 3. (almost half) is Repaired and restored, large part of the body and the rim missing. Yellowish fabric and slip. (but horizontal Horizontal rim of square section. Three originally only two preserved) Disc base. Decoration in everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. horizontal bands define five are red/brown paint: pairs of parallel zones, of which

3 82 filled with last ripple pattern, while the above the base is filled with series of large "X" motifs; also painted are the rim, the neck zone and the disc base.

43. AIN 5393 (pl. 16) H. 0.78. D. rim 0.27/0.3 7. D. base 0.17.

Found in Sector A, room 17.

Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric, yellowish/pink slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Disc base, not well defined. Horizontal ridge at the base of the neck. Decoration in red/brown and added white worn paint: horizontal parallel bands, the first from above with added white series of rosettes, the second with added white series of discs and the third with added white horizontal line, define four decorative zones on the body; in the first zone below the rim, horizontal series of small running solid-centre spirals; in the second zone, large running solid-centre spirals with the space in-between filled with small and larger dots and leaf motifs; the tangent bands of the spirals in both zones are emphasised in added white; white dots on the centres of the spirals of the second zone; in the third zone, horizontal foliate band; in the fourth zone, horizontal wavy band with added white wavy line; also painted in brown are the rim, the neck, the handles and the lower part of the vessel; white vertical strokes on the handles and on the lip of the rim; two parallel horizontal white bands on the painted neck zone.

OVOID TYPE WITH TUBULAR SPOUT ABOVE THE BASE

WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 7

44. AIN 4200 (pl. 17b)

H. 0.98. D. rim 0.295/0.39. D. base 0.17.

383 Found in Sector 0, room 9a, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, whitish/yellowish slip. Horizontal Two rim of square section. opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, the Knob placed on shoulder. under the rim, vertically aligned to the spout. Five horizontal parallel, ridges on the body, more or less equidistant. Decoration in brown five (possibly paint: vertical series of six originally) adjacent circles; also painted is the rim and the part underneath until the first horizontal ridge, and the attachment point of the spout to the body.

45. AIN 4936

H. 1.16. D. rim 0.36/0.45. D. base 0.18.

Found in Sector 0, room 17.

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, whitish/yellowish slip. Horizontal rim of square section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly below the rim. Knob under the rim, vertically aligned to the spout. Six parallel, horizontal ridges on the body, more or less equidistant. Decoration in brown/red paint: vertical series of seven adjacent double concentric circles with cross inside; also painted is the rim, the part underneath until the first horizontal ridge, the zone between the two last ridges above the base and the spout.

46. AIN 4942 (pl. 17a)

H. 1.05. D. rim 0.33/0.42. D. base 0.165. Found in Sector A, room 17. Repaired and restored but large part of the body and the rim is missing. Pink/yellowish fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Horizontal rim of trapezoidal/rounded section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the shoulder. Five parallel, horizontal ridges on the body, more or less equidistant. Decoration in red/brown paint: vertical series of six disc inside; is adjacent double concentric circles with also painted the rim, the part

384 underneath until the first horizontal ridge and the attachmentpoint of the spout to the body.

47. AIN 5275

H. 0.90. D. rim 0.31/0.38. D. base 0.12. Found in the West House, room 6.

Repaired and restored, but the external surface is much worn. Light brown fabric and slip.

Horizontal rim of square section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the shoulder. Two knobs in-between the lugs, vertically aligned to the spout. Five horizontal ridges on the body. Decoration in red/brown paint: vertical series of double concentric circles with cross; also painted is the rim and the neck down to the first ridge; traces of paint on the tubular spout, possibly originally painted all over.

FORM 8

48. AIN 1472-473 (p1.18a, fig. 16)

H. 1.25. D. rim 0.47/0.56. D. base 0.15. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown, yellowish/whitish slip. Horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly below the rim. Six knobs in the area in-between the lugs. Six parallel, horizontal ridges on the body, more or less equidistant. Decoration in brown paint: vertical series of five (possibly six or seven originally, not clearly visible) adjacent circles, each one roughly within the space defined by the horizontal ridges; also painted is the rim and the part underneath until the first horizontal ridge, the attachment point of the spout to the body and possibly also the spout originally.

49. AIN 7182 (pl. 18b)

H. 1.241. D. rim 0.505. D. base 0.18.

385 Found in the House of the Ladies, room 8. Repaired and restored, especially at the upper part of the body, the rim, and the base with the spout. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly below the rim. Two knobs preserved in the area in-between the lugs. Seven parallel, horizontal ridges on the body, more or less equidistant. Decoration in brown paint: vertical series of five (possibly originally six or seven) adjacent double concentric circles with cross inside (outer circle is wavy band), each one within the space defined by the horizontal ridges; also painted is the rim and the part underneath until the first horizontal ridge.

50. AIN 1489

H. approx. 1.05m. D. rim 0.39/0.49. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. The pithos is in situ. Light brown/yellowish fabric with inclusions, yellowish/whitish slip. Horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically Two knobs pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly below the rim. in the area under the rim, aligned vertically with the spout. Six visible (possibly seven) Decoration in parallel, horizontal ridges on the body, more or less equidistant. brown/black paint: vertical series of (five visible) adjacent double concentric circles defined by horizontal with disc inside, each one roughly within the space the ridges; body. also painted is the rim and the first ridge; speckles of paint on the Thera II, pl. 21,2 (right).

FORM 9

51. AIN 5664 (pl. 19a)

H. 1.2. D. rim 0.33/0.44. D. base 0.155. Found in the West House, room 4, ground floor.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip.

386 Horizontal rim of trapezoidal/rounded section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly below the rim. Knob in-between the lugs, vertically aligned to the spout. Six parallel, horizontal ridges on the body, more or less equidistant. Decoration in red/brown to black paint: vertical series of six adjacent double concentric circles with disc inside, each one roughly within the space defined by the horizontal ridges; also painted is the rim, the part underneath until the first horizontal ridge, from where trickles run down to the body, and the attachment point of the tubular spout to the body.

52. AIN 5386 (pl. 19b)

H. 1.28. D. rim 0.32/0.46. Found in the West House, room 6. Repairedand restored.Whitish fabric, whitish/greenishslip. Horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically is pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly below the rim. There a knob in-between the lugs, under the first upper ridge. Eight parallel, horizontal ridges

on the body, more or less equidistant. Decoration in brown paint: vertical series of defined by eight adjacent circles with cross inside, each one roughly within the space the horizontal ridges; also painted are the rim and the attachment point of the spout to the body; stains of paint on the external surface.

OVOID TYPE BRIDGE-SPOUTED

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

FORM 10

53. AIN 4024 (pl. 20) H. 0.465. D. rim 0.214. D. base0.145. Found in the Area of the Fine Jars (north of Xeste 4).

387 Repaired and restored.Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Low-bellied body. Two opposite horizontal handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and one vertical similar the Disc base (rounded). opposite spout. Decoration in brown/black paint: horizontal bands, two base parallel at the of the neck and three at the lower part of the body (at body diameter), define maximum a zone filled with alternating motifs (grapes, vetches, reeds); also painted are the rim, the neck, the spout, the handles and the base; bands around the attachment points of the handles and the spout, and around the junction of the body to the base. Marthari 1987, fig. 26.

OVOID BARREL TYPE

WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 11

54. AIN 1477 (p1.21a, fig. 18)

H. 1.15. D. rim 0.58. D. base 0.24. Found in Sector A, room 1,2. Repaired and restored. Light brown/pink fabric, yellowish/whitish slip. Horizontal, thick rim of square/trapezoidal section. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, handles of circular/oval section in-between the lugs at a slightly higher level. Two parallel, horizontal ridges on the upper part of the body under the rim. Decoration in brown paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; painted are the rim, the vertical handles and the zone between the two ridges. Clay lid with handle of circular/oval section, in situ with the same number (d. 0.59).

55. AIN 1475 (pl. 21 b)

H. 1.15. D. rim 0.43/0.55. D. base0.24.

388 Found in Sector A, room 1,1.

Repairedand restored.Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two handles opposite vertical, of circular/oval section in-between the lugs at a slightly higher level. Two parallel, horizontal ridges on the upper part of the body under the rim. Decoration in brown paint: trickle patterns on the body; the rim is painted all over.

56. AIN 1478 H. 1.01. D. base0.27.

Found in Sector A, room 1,2. Repaired and restored, parts of the body and the rim are missing. Light brown fabric, yellowish/whitish slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Two (one missing) opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs on the upper part of the body, and possibly also two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs at a slightly higher level (missing). Two horizontal parallel ridges under the rim. Decoration in brown paint: trickle patterns on the body.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

FORM 12

57. AIN 4940 (pl. 22b)

H. 0.8. D. rim 0.19/0.275. D. base 0.19. Found in Sector A, room 17.

Repaired and restored, large part of the body is missing. Whitish fabric and slip.

389 Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Low cylindrical neck. Three vertical handlesof circular/oval section on the shoulder, with oval impressions at their lower ends. Horizontal rope band with circular impressionsat the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; also painted are the rim and the neck; specklesof paint on the body.

58. AIN 443 (pl. 22a) H. 0.82. D. rim 0.22/0.30. D. base0.19. Repaired.Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/rounded section. Low cylindrical neck. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder, with oval impressions at their lower ends. Horizontal rope band with circular impressions at the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; speckles of paint on the body; also painted is the rim and possibly the lower part of the body above the base.

59. AIN 7160

H. 0.683. D. rim 0.20/0.264. D. base 0.19. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 4. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Horizontal, rounded rim. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder.Undecorated.

60. AIN 7619

H. 0.52. D. rim 0.18. D. base 0.18. Found in Sector A, room 1a.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/rounded section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval body section below the rim. Rope band with vertical incisions on the upper part of the above the handles. Decoration in red/brown to black paint: trickle patterns; also painted are the rim and the zone from the rim to the upper attachment points of the

390 handles, including the rope band; bands around the attachmentpoints of the handles; specklesof red paint on the internal surface.

61. AIN 5779 (fig. 19) H. 0.65. D. rim 0.28. D. base 0.17. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/rounded section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in red paint: band around the base of the neck; also painted is the rim.

FORM 13

62. AIN 4918 (pl. 23a, fig. 20)

H. 0.79. D. rim 0.32/0.42. D. base 0.25. Found in the West House, room 5. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flaring rim. Three horizontal everted handles of circular section on the shoulder. Base slightly protruding, almost a disc base. Decoration in red/brown and added white worn paint: in a frieze defined by horizontal parallel bands above and below, false running spirals motif (concentric circles with tangents); the space between the spirals is filled with small solid discs and barred arcs, hanging from or standing on the parallel bands; four parallel bands on the lower part of the body; also painted in brown are the rim, the area of the neck down to the level of the handles and the handles; details in white: spots and lines on the tangent bands of the spirals, discs on the centres of the spirals, horizontal lines on the bands and the painted broad neck area, circles around the attachment points of the handles and vertical strokes on the upper surface of the handles.

63. AIN 5391 (pl. 23b)

H. 0.68. D rim 0.30. D. base0.26. Found in Xeste 3, room 2.

391 Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flaring rim. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in brown and added white paint: horizontal parallel bands define decorative zones filled with dots, running spirals and foliate band; also painted are the rim, the neck, the handles and the lower part of the body to the base; details in added white: thin lines on the neck zone, around the attachment points of the handles and on the body bands.

FORM 14

64. AIN 97

Found in Sector B, room 2, first floor. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/greenish fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square/rounded section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in brown paint: the external surface of the body is divided by bands in four horizontal parallel zones filled with ripple pattern; bands around the base and the neck; also painted are the rim and the handles. Thera II, pl. 10,2.

65. AIN 4309 (pl. 26)

H. 0.66. D. rim 0.24/0.33. D. base 0.15. Found in Sector A. room 2,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown/yellowish fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal flat flaring rim. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Narrow, almost disc, base. Decoration in red/brown with added white paint: on the body, decorative zones defined by horizontal bands; on the shoulder zone, foliate band and arcs standing on the lower framing band; the main zone is filled with circles with disc inside; in the next zone, foliate band; the surface on the lower part of the body is much worn; also painted are the rim, the neck, the handles and the base; extended use of white complementary motifs: wavy and horizontal lines on the neck zone, large discs and horizontal lines on the body bands,

392 dots on the discs circles and of the main decorative zone and on the standing arcs of the bars shoulder zone, on the handles, bars and arcs on the lip of the rim.

66. AIN 4674

H. 0.615. D. rim 0.22/0.3 1. D. base 0.14.

Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repairedand restored.Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flaring rim, rounded on the lip. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Disc base. Decoration in red/brown and added horizontal white worn paint: parallel bands, two at the level of the handles with dots in-between, three at the lower part of the body and two above the base, define decorative zones; in the main broad zone, series of large running solid-centre spirals, lines with wavy above and below, large and smaller dots in-between and standing arcs lower on the framing horizontal band; in the lower zone, horizontal foliate band; also painted all over are the neck, the rim and the handles; band around the disc base; details in white: large solid dots on some of the horizontal bands and smaller dots on the eyes of the spirals, lines on the neck zone, the wavy and the tangent spiral bands, groups of parallel strokes on the lip of the rim, strokes on the upper surface of the handles.

67. AIN 95

Found in Sector A, room 2,3. Repaired and restored.Yellowish/greenish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flaring rim. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown and added white worn paint: horizontal parallel bands, the first upper two with added white wavy lines and the following two with added white horizontal lines, define three decorative zones on the body; in the upper zone, crocuses in-between the handles; in the second zone, series of large running solid-centre spirals, with wavy bands above and below and the space in-between filled with dots and arcs; details, such as dots on the centres of the spirals and wavy lines on wavy bands and arcs are added in white; in the third zone, series of curved "X" motifs;

393 in brown also painted are the rim, the neck, the attachmentpoints of the handles and handles the and the disc base; white circles around the attachment points of the handlesand oblique strokes on their surface. Thera II, p1.34,2.

68. AIN 4103

H. 0.665. D. rim 0.335. D. base 0.19.

Found in Sector A, room 17.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Flaring rounded rim. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Disc base. Ridge around the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/black and added white paint: two groups of two horizontal parallel bands define a decorative zone filled with large running solid-centre spirals and large dots/drop-shaped motifs in-between the tangents; horizontal parallel bands, with series of discs in-between the first two, fill the surface down to the base; also painted are the rim, the neck, the attachment points of the handles and the handles, and the disc base; details in added white (very much worn): horizontal lines on the neck, solid discs and lines on the body bands, dots on the centres of the spirals.

69. AIN 4899 (pl. 24a)

H. 0.64. D. rim 0.255/0.37. D. base 0.16. No information on the findspot. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flaring rim. Three horizontal handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in brown/red to black and added white worn paint: horizontal parallel bands define three decorative zones; in the upper zone, at the level of the handles, series of crocus flowers with leaves; in the main broad zone, series of large running solid-centre spirals, with standing and hanging concentric arcs in the spaces in-between; in the lower zone, horizontal foliate band; also painted all over are the handles, lower neck, the rim, the attachment points of the handles and the and the part dots horizontal bands of the body down to the base; details in white: large solid on the

394 and the neck zone, and smaller dots on the centres of the spirals, wavy and horizontal lines on the neck zone, lines on the tangent spiral bands and the horizontal bands, groups of parallel strokes, arcs and dots on the lip of the rim, strokes on the upper surface of the handles and circles around their attachment points.

70. AIN 4857 (pl. 25b)

H. 0.70. D. rim 0.25/0.335.D. base0.17. Found in the West house,room 6. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/greenish fabric and slip. Flat horizontal rim of square section. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Disc base. Decoration in brown and added white worn paint: series of horizontal bands under the rim and on the lower part of the body down to the base define a zone filled with large running solid-centre spirals with wavy bands above and below and arcs standing on the lower horizontal band; also painted are the rim, the attachment points of the handles and the handles and the disc base; details in white include groups of parallel strokes and solid arcs on the lip of the rim, bands on the edge of the rim, on the neck and on some of the body bands, circles around the attachment points of the handles and strokes on their surface, lines on the tangent and wavy bands of the spirals and the standing arcs, and dots on the centres of the spirals.

71. AIN 4310 (pl. 25a)

H. 0.73. D. rim 0.23/0.33. D. base 0.17. Found in Sector A, room 2,3. Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in brown/black and added white worn paint: horizontal parallel bands define decorative zones on the surface of the body; in the discs; in first zone below the rim, foliate motifs; in the second zone, small solid the bands main decorative zone, large running solid-centre spirals with arcs/wavy above base, horizontal foliate band and below; in the last two zones above the and curved handles "X" motifs; also painted are the rim, the neck, the attachment points of the and

395 the handles base; and the details in added white: strokes on the lip of the rim, three horizontal lines on the neck, lines on the body bands, on the tangents, the arcs of the discs spirals, on the centres of the spirals, bars on the upper surface of the handles and circles around their attachment points. Thera II, pl. 34,1.

72. AIN 4354 (pl. 24b, fig. 21)

H. 0.695. D. rim 0.26/0.35. D. base 0.205.

Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor, by the south wall. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flaring rim. Three horizontal, everted, handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown with added white worn paint: the external surface is divided by four groups of horizontal parallel triple bands into three zones: large running solid-centre spirals in the first, with dots and arcs in-between the tangent bands; horizontal series of small solid discs in the second zone; horizontal series of "X" motifs in the third zone; small solid discs also fill the space in-between the first three bands; also painted are the rim, the attachment points of the handles and the handles; added white lines on the bands of the first and the second group, on the tangent bands of the spirals and around the attachment points of the handles.

FORM 15

73. AIN 4371 (pl. 27, fig. 22)

H. 0.623. D. rim 0.23/0.33. D. base 0.195. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Almost intact. Brown/reddish fabric, yellowish/light brown slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Four horizontal, everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Disc base. Horizontal ridges, one around the base of the neck and another slightly above the base. Decoration in red/brown and added white worn in by horizontal paint: the external surface of the body is divided zones groups of in first parallel triple bands; running solid-centre spirals the and the second zone and

396 ripple pattern in the third; details in white not very visible, mainly lines on the horizontal bands, around the neck ridge and on the neck zone; also painted are the rim, the neck zone with the ridge, the handlesand the disc base.

74. AIN 4355 (pl. 29b)

H. 0.645. D. rim 0.22/0.31. D. base0.175. Found in Sector A, room 2. Repaired and restored. Light brown/yellowish fabric, yellowish/whitish slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Base of slightly projecting profile. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown with added white paint: five pairs of horizontal parallel bands define zones filled with ripple pattern; the last zone above the base is filled with X motifs; band around the base; also painted are the rim and the handles; details added in white: horizontal lines on the body bands, parallel strokes and arcs on the lip of the rim, circles around the attachment points of the handles and strokes on their upper surface. Thera III, 54, fig. 33

75. AIN 4308 (pl. 29a)

H. 0.66. D. rim 0.25/0.37. D. base 0.19. Found in Sector A.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown and added white paint: six pairs of horizontal parallel bands define zones filled with ripple pattern; also painted are the in rim, the handles and the lower part of the body above the base; painted white are lines on the bands and X motifs on the handles.

76. AIN 4307 (pl. 30)

H. 0.505. D. rim 0.18/0.25. D. base 0.145. No information exists on the fmdspot. Intact. Light brown fabric and slip.

397 Horizontal flat rim of square section. Base of slightly projecting profile. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown paint: zone of adjacent spirals at the level of the handles and four zones filled with ripple pattern on the body; one wavy and two horizontal parallel bands on the lower part of the body above the base; solid semicircles on the lip of the rim; band around the rim on the internal surface and band around the neck externally; strokes on the upper surface of the handles and bands around their attachment points to the body.

77. AIN 5127 (pl. 28, fig. 23)

H. 0.47. D. rim 0.20/0.26. D. base0.16. Found in the West House, room 6. Repairedand restored.Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Four handles on the shoulder of circular/oval section, two opposite vertical and two opposite horizontal everted. Disc base. Decoration in brown and added white worn paint: a pair of horizontal parallel bands on the neck and another three pairs on the body divide the surface into four decorative zones: in the first, which is at the level of the handles, series of motifs of opposite, solid painted standing semi-discs with vertical parallel lines in-between; the second and the third zone are filled with a pair of parallel wavy bands each, while the fourth is left blank; band around the base; also painted are the rim and the handles; circles around the attachment points of the handles; white lines on some of the horizontal bands and the handles.

FORM 16

78. AIN 1837 (pl. 31)

H. 0.405. D. rim 0.19. Found in Sector A, room 16.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square/rounded section. Three horizontal everted handles of in brown hanging circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration paint: series of

398 crescents on the neck; the body surface is divided by horizontal parallel bands into two decorative zones; in the broader zone, nippled ewers framed by myrtle branches, alternating with bunches of vetches; in the lower zone, series of single stems of vetches. Thera V, pl. 60a. Marinatos and Hirmer 1973,pl. 158. Marthari 1987,fig. 25.

79. AIN 4402-1934 (pl. 33) H. 0.66. D. rim 0.21/0.27. D. base0.16. No information on the findspot. Repaired and restored.Light brown fabric. Horizontal flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in black and added white worn paint: the external surface is painted all over in black paint, which turned red at some places due to uneven firing; white reed motifs on the body, flanked by two horizontal parallel bands around the base of the neck and another three similar on the lower part of the body; solid painted arcs on the lip and strokes on the edge of the rim; bands around the attachment points of the handles and the base.

80. AIN 5201 (pl. 34, figs. 24A-B)

H. 0.52. D. rim 0.23. D. base 0.14. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square/rounded section. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Disc base. Decoration in brown/black and added white paint: series of small arcs at the base of the neck; on the upper part of the body, three birds alternating with vertical pairs of double circles with three dots inside the interior circle; four horizontal bands on the lower part of the body; also painted are the band double rim and the neck, interior and exterior; details in white: wavy on the neck, dots circles with cross on the body of the birds, spots on the of the circles motif, horizontal lines in-between the lower body bands.

PAE 1980, pl. 176a.

399 81. AIN 4898 (pl. 32)

H. 0.58. D. rim 0.19/0.26. D. base0.155. Found in Xeste 3, room 11. Repaired and restored.Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Four handles on the shoulder of circular/oval section, two opposite vertical and two opposite horizontal everted. Decoration in brown four paint: horizontal parallel bands around the neck and three pairs of similar bands on the lower part of the body define a decorative zone which is filled with bunches of ivy plants; double and triple arcs stand on the first of the lower bands; solid arcs and groups of parallel strokes on the lip of the rim and parallel strokes on the handles.

PAE 1979, pl. 159b.

82. AIN 7586 (pl. 35)

H. 0.47. D. rim 0.15/0.195. D. base 0.145.

Found in Sector A, room I a. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Thin flat rim of square section. Three horizontal everted handles of circular section on the shoulder. Decoration in brown/black paint: the interior of the almost cylindrical neck and the rim are painted all over; horizontal bands at the base of the neck and on the shoulder; pairs of concentric semicircles are suspended from the lower of the bands; heart-shaped motifs are suspended from the upper series of the semicircles; wavy band and six horizontal parallel bands from the belly to the base of the vessel.

83. AIN 4061 (pl. 36, fig. 25)

H. 0.395. D. rim 0.172. Found in the Area of the Fine Jars (north of Xeste 4).

Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric. Thin horizontal flat rim. Cylindrical collar. Two horizontal everted handles on the shoulder. Decoration in matt black and red and added white paint: Horizontal and

400 bands wavy on the shoulder and horizontal bands on the lower part of the body in black alternating and red paint define a decorative zone filled with broad retorted black spirals, reserved on painted ground; white dots on the black bands; also painted is the collar, on the exterior and the interior.

FORM 17

84. AIN 6000 H. 0.65. D. base 0.175.

Found in the West House, area 7 (the cupboard). Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Three vertical banded handles on the shoulder, with vertical impression on their upper surface. Horizontal ridge at the base of the neck. Disc base. Decoration in brown/black with added white worn paint: horizontal parallel bands at the base of the neck, the level of the lower ends of the handles, and at the lower part of the body define three decorative zones; in the first zone, at the level of the handles, small running solid-centre spirals; in the second zone horizontal foliate band and large running solid-centre spirals; in the third zone series of "X" motifs; also painted are the rim, the attachment points of the handles and the handles, and the lower part of the body down to the disc base; details in added white: lines and dots on the horizontal bands, dots on the centres of the spirals, circles around the attachment points of the handles, horizontal strokes on the handles and on the lip of the rim together with arcs.

85. AIN 5992

H. 0.67. D. rim 0.255/0.33.D. base0.13. Found in the West House, area 7 (the cupboard). Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Three vertical banded handles on the shoulder, base with vertical impression on their upper surface. Disc base. Ridge around the of five decorative the neck. Decoration in brown/red and added white paint: on the body,

401 from zones, the neck ridge to the base, framed by horizontal bands; in the upper two zones, running solid-centre spirals with tangents and curved lines above and below, leaf in with motif the second zone, in-between the spirals; in the third zone, horizontal foliate band; in the fourth zone, series of large "X" motifs; the fifth zone above the base is undecorated; also painted are the rim, the neck and the ridge, the attachment handles points of the and the handles, and the disc base; details in white: groups of vertical strokes and solid arcs on the rim, horizontal bars on the handles and lines around their attachment points, lines on the neck area and the ridge, the body bands, the tangents and the curved lines of the spirals, dots on the body bands and the centres of the spirals.

86. AIN 4837

H. 0.77. D. rim 0.255/0.355. D. base 0.16. Found in Xeste 3, room 11. Repaired and restored (large part of the body and the base restored). Light brown fabric and slip. Flat horizontal rim of square section. Three vertical banded handles on the shoulder, with oval impressions on their lower ends. Horizontal rope band with incised string pattern at the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/red and added white worn paint: the main decorative zone on the body is filled with three parallel series of running solid-centre spirals (with details in white), with dots in the spaces in-between and arcs hanging or standing on horizontal bands above and below (also with dots in white); under the main zone there is one narrower with series of a complex "loop" motif; the space left down to the base is painted all over in brown/red, with similar complex "loops" motif in white, also found in-between horizontal bands on the neck; also painted in brown/red are the rim, the neck, the rope "string" (emphasised in white) and the handles; details in white: groups of vertical parallel strokes, dots and solid arcs on the lip and strokes on the edge of the rim, solid dots on the horizontal bands on the lower part of the body and horizontal parallel strokes on the surface of the handles and along their vertical profile.

402 FORM 18

87. AIN 5385 (pl. 38, fig. 26) H. 0.67. D. rim 0.27. D. base 0.175. Found in Xeste 3, room 12.

Repaired and restored (base restored). Light brown fabric and slip. Horizontal rim of trapezoidal/rounded section (flaring outwards, hollow underneath). Cylindrical/funnel neck. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Ridge around the base of the neck. Decoration in red/brown and added white worn paint: red/brown running spiral on the neck flanked by horizontal bands above and below and added white wavy bands; white horizontal lines above and below the neck ridge; the larger part of the body surface has a checkerboard motif, consisting of alternating red/brown squares with white cross inside and reserved squares with redibrown cross inside; three horizontal parallel red/brown bands below the checkerboard zone; also painted are the rim, the handles and the rest of the body surface to the base; white lines on the body bands, on the handles and double series of white drop-shaped motifs on the lip of the rim.

FORM 19

88. AIN 4330

H. 0.445. D. rim 0.21. D. base 0.18. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repaired and restored.Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Horizontal rounded rim. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

89. AIN 2517

H. 0.514. D. rim 0.243. D. base 0.16. Found in Sector 0, room 2, by the bed.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip.

403 Horizontal rounded rim. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

90. AIN 1362 (pl. 39a)

H. 0.495. D. rim 0.21. D. base 0.14.

Found in Sector A, room 2. Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Thin horizontal rounded rim. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

91. AIN 1208 (pl. 39c)

H. 0.515. D. rim 0.21. D. base 0.15. Found in Sector A, room 2. Intact. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Thin horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

92. AIN 1564 (pl. 39d)

H. 0.55. D. rim 0.21. D. base 0.15. Found in Sector 0, room 9,1. Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Thin horizontal rounded rim. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

93. AIN 1651

H. 0.60. D. rim 0.20. D. base 0.17. Found in Sector 0, room 9,1.

Repaired and restored. Light/brown fabric, yellowish slip. handles Thin horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Three horizontal everted of Undecorated. circular/oval section on the shoulder.

404 94. A59/80NO14

H. 0.505. D. rim 0.19/0.24. D. base 0.15. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal rounded rim. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder.Undecorated.

95. A147/80NO24

H. 0.62. D. rim 0.19/0.27. D. base0.17. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

Repaired, large part of the body is missing. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal rounded rim. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder.Undecorated.

96. AIN 2123 (pl. 39b)

H. 0.506. D. rim 0.22. D. base0.15. Found in Sector A, room 16. Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric with inclusions, whitish slip. Thin rounded rim. Low cylindrical/funnel neck. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

97. AIN 4891

H. 0.52. D. rim 0.22. D. base 0.16. Found in Sector A, room 17.

Repaired and restored. Light/brown fabric, yellowish slip. Thin horizontal flat rim. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

98. AIN 4928

H. 0.50. D. rim 0.18/0.23. D. base 0.13. Found in Sector 0, room 17.

405 Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Thin horizontal flat rim. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder.Undecorated.

99. AIN 1730

H. 0.49. D. rim 0.17/0.22. D. base 0.16.

Found in Sector A, room 3.

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Thin horizontal flat rim. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

FORM 20

100. AIN 2165 (pl. 40d, fig. 28)

H. 0.625. D. rim 0.21. D. base 0.17. Found in Sector A, room 16.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of trapezoidal/rounded section, with ridge round the inner perimeter of the lip for the fitting of a lid. Three vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder, and two opposite, horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs on the maximum diameter of the body. Decoration in brown/black paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by two pairs of parallel horizontal bands at the neck and at the belly of the vessel; on the upper half, horizontal series of adjacent circles; on the lower half, series of vertical loops; also painted are the rim and the crescent lugs; bands around the attachment points of the vertical handles.

101. AIN 5256 (pl. 40b)

H. 0.63. D. rim 0.16. D. base 0.21. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip.

406 Thin rim with ridge for the fitting of a lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, lugs, vertically pierced placed on the upper part of the body, and three vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by two parallel horizontal bands at the neck, three at the height of the maximum diameter and two around the base; on the upper half, horizontal series of adjacent circles with discs; on the lower half, series of vertical arc- shaped loops; also painted are the rim and the crescent lugs.

102. AIN 422

H. 0.576. D. rim 0.18/0.241. D. base 0.19. Found in Bronou 2 (probably Sector B).

Repairedand restored.Light brown fabric, whitish slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section with low ridge around the inner perimeter of the lip for the fitting of a lid. Three vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by two pairs of parallel horizontal bands at the neck and at the belly of the vessel; on the upper half, horizontal series of circles with discs inside; on the lower half, series of vertical arc- shaped loops; also painted is the lip of the rim; circles around the attachment points of the handles.

103. A252 (A86) H. 0.80. D. rim 0.165/0.27. Found in Sector A. room I a.

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section with low ridge around the inner perimeter of the lip for the fitting of a lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body (one missing), and three vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Decoration in brown paint: the body horizontal bands surface is divided in two friezes by two pairs of parallel at the neck horizontal discs and at the belly of the vessel; on the upper half, series of circles with

407 inside; on the lower half, series of vertical arc-shaped loops; also painted is the lip of the rim; circles around the attachment points of the handles.

104. AIN 5372 (pl. 40c)

H. 0.54. D. rim 0.19. D. base 0.16. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored.Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Horizontal flaring rim. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body (maximum body diameter), and three vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by two parallel horizontal bands at the neck, three at the height of the maximum diameter and two around the base; on the upper half, horizontal series of adjacent circles with discs; on the lower half, series of vertical arc-shaped loops; also painted is the outer edge of the lip of the rim.

105. AIN 5390 (pl. 40a)

H. 0.55. D. rim 0.19. D. base 0.175. Found in the West House, room 6. Repairedand restored.Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Horizontal flaring rim. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body (maximum diameter), and three vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Three knobs in-between the handles. Decoration in red/brown paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by two diameter parallel horizontal bands at the neck, three at the height of the maximum and discs; two around the base; on the upper half, horizontal seriesof adjacentcircles with is on the lower half, series of vertical arc-shaped loops; also painted the outer edge of the lip of the rim.

106. A20/80NO08

H. 0.55. D. rim 0.15/0.23. D. base0.175. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

408 Repaired, body parts of the and the handles are missing. Yellowish/whitish fabric and Rim slip. of square section, concave on the interior, with high ridge around the inner lip perimeter of the for the fitting of a lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, lugs, vertically pierced placed on the maximum body diameter and two vertical banded(? ) handles (not preserved) placed on the upper part of the body. Decoration in body red/brown paint: the surface is divided in two friezes by a horizontal band at the base of the neck and two(? ) at the height of the maximum diameter; on the upper half, horizontal series of circles with discs; on the lower half, possibly series of arc-shaped loops (or solid arcs), but the paint is much worn; also painted are the rim and the neck; bands around the attachment points of the handles and the lugs.

107. A148/80NO24

H. 0.525. D. rim 0.13. D. base 0.175. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

Repaired, parts of the body are missing. Whitish fabric and slip. Horizontal rim with low ridge. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Two knobs in-between the handles. Decoration in brown/black paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by two parallel horizontal bands at the base of the neck and two at the height of the maximum body diameter; on the upper half, horizontal series of circles with discs; on the lower half, series of vertical arc-shaped loops; also painted are the neck and the rim; bands around the attachmentpoints of the handlesand the lugs.

108. AIN 5661

H. 0.62. D. rim 0.17/0.195. D. base 0.17. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor.

Repaired and restored. Pink fabric and slip. Rim of almost triangular section, with ridge round the inner perimeter of the lip for the fitting of a lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, banded handles from placed on the upper part of the body, and two vertical, the rim to

409 the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by two pairs of parallel horizontal bands at the neck and at the height of the maximum body diameter; on the upper half, horizontal series of adjacent circles with discs inside (except for the ones that encircle the lugs); on the lower half, series of vertical arc- loops, shaped very carelessly made; also painted are the ridge and the lip of the rim, and the crescent lugs; bands around the attachment points of the handles.

109. AIN 5266 (figs. 27A-B) H. 0.67. D. base 0.19.

Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric, whitish slip. Horizontal flat rim with low ridge. Three vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Decoration in brown/black paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by three groups of parallel horizontal bands, two at the neck, three at the belly of the vessel and two at the lower part above the base; on the upper half, horizontal series of circles with discs inside; on the lower half, series of vertical arc-shaped loops; also possibly painted is the lip of the rim; circles around the attachment points of the handles.

FORM 21

110. AIN 4922 (pl. 41a)

H. 0.65. D. rim 0.15/0.18. D. base 0.16. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Rim with high ridge for the fitting of a lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, banded vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two vertical, handles from the rim to the shoulder. Decoration in brown/black paint: the body horizontal bands surface is divided in two friezes by two pairs of parallel at the neck half, horizontal and at the height of the maximum body diameter; on the upper series

410 of circles; on the lower half, series of vertical arc-shapedloops; also painted is the ridge of the rim and the outer edge; bandsaround the attachmentpoints of the handles.

111. AIN 3215 H. 0.70. D. rim 0.21. D. base0.18. Found in the Western Quarters,room 2. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Rim with high ridge for the fitting of a lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Decoration in brown/black paint: the body surface is divided in two zones by parallel horizontal bands, two at the neck and two at the height of the maximum body diameter; in the first zone at the level of the lugs, horizontal series of circles with discs (circles without solid discs around the lugs); in the second zone series of vertical arc-shaped loops; also painted is the rim and the lugs.

112. AIN 2886

H. 0.49. D. rim 0.14. D. base 0.15. Found in the Western Quarters, room 2. Intact. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip.

Rim with high ridge for the fitting of the lid, which is preserved. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Two knobs above the lugs. Decoration in red/brown paint: the body surface is divided in zones by body parallel horizontal bands, two at the neck, three at the height of the maximum diameter and one at the lower part of the body; in the first zone at the level of the lugs, horizontal series of circles with discs; the lower zone is filled with series of vertical lugs arc-shaped loops; also painted are the rim, the outer edge of the and the attachment points of the lugs and the handles.

113. AIN 4303

411 H. 0.58. D. rim 0.16. D. base0.15. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Rim high for fitting with ridge the of a lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, lugs, vertically pierced placed on the upper part of the body, and two vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Decoration in red/brown paint: the body surface is divided in three friezes by parallel horizontal bands, three at the neck, three at the height of the maximum body diameter and two at the lower part of the body; in the first zone at the level of the lugs, horizontal series of circles with discs; the second zone is left blank, while the third is filled with series of double standing arcs; also painted are the rim and the lugs; band around the base of the neck.

114. AIN 7165 (pl. 41b)

H. 0.635. D. rim 0.195. D. base 0.162. Found in the House of the Ladies, upper level of the deposit of the NW part. Repaired and restored (part of the belly missing, not restored). Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Rim with high ridge for the fitting of a lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by two parallel horizontal bands at the neck and two at the height of the maximum body diameter; on the upper half, horizontal series of four circles with solid discs; on the lower half, series of arc-shaped loops; also painted are the rim, the handles, the crescent lugs and their attachment points.

115. AIN 7930

H. 0.41. D. rim 0.125. D. base 0.13. Found in Sector A, room 18a.

Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric, whitish slip.

412 Rim high with ridge for the fitting of a lid. Two vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder and two horizontal everted crescent on the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown/black paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes; on the upper half, horizontal series of circles with discs inside; on the lower half, series of vertical arc- loops; shaped bands around the neck and on the rim; circles around the attachment points of the painted lugs.

116. AIN 8341

H. 0.47. D. rim 0.155. D. base0.15. Found in Pillar Pit 78.

Repaired and restored.Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Rim with high ridge for the fitting of a lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two vertical, handles of circular/oval section from the neck to the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown/black paint: the body surface is divided in two friezes by three parallel horizontal bands at the height of the maximum body diameter; on the upper half, horizontal series of two circles with discs under the handles and simple circles around the lugs; on the lower half, series of vertical arc-shaped loops; also painted are the interior and the exterior of the high ridge and the lugs; bands around the base of the handles and the lower part of the neck.

FORM 22

117. AIN 600

H. 0.26. D. rim 0.12. D. base 0.086 Found in Sector B, room 6. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric and slip. lid is Two Low collar for the fitting of a lid, no distinct rim (the partially preserved). horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Two opposite knobs in-between the handles. Decoration in black paint: horizontal series of circles on the shoulder; also painted is the collar.

413 118. AIN 601 (pl. 42b) H. 0.18.

Found in Sector B, room 6. Repaired and restored.Light brown fabric and slip. Low collar for the fitting of a lid, no distinct rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Decoration in black paint: trickle patterns under the handles.

119. AIN 2151

H. 0.20. D. rim 0.085. Found in Sector 0, room 16. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Low collar for the fitting of a lid, no distinct rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. "Ridge" at the junction of the collar to the body. Decoration in brown paint: two horizontal parallel bands almost at middle body height define two zones; in the upper, horizontal series of circles, in the lower, series of vertical arc-shaped loops; also painted is the collar.

FORM 23

120. AIN 7177 (pl. 43a)

H. 0.504. D. rim 0.28. D. base 0.133. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 6. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs between the lugs. Possibly painted all over in red/brown.

121. AIN 6754 (pl. 43b)

H. 0.467. D. rim 0.255. D. base 0.125.

414 Found in the House of the Ladies, room 7, ground floor. Repaired and restored.Reddish fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent,vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Undecorated.

122. AIN 2584 (pl. 43d)

H. 0.515. D. rim 0.311. Found in Pillar Pit 24.

Repaired and restored.Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red. Traces of fire on the external surface.

123. AIN 5847

H. 0.46. D. rim 0.28. D. base 0.135.

Found in the West House, room 3F. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red. Traces of fire on the external surface.

124. AIN 3558

H. 0.525. D. rim 0.31. D. base 0.15. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 6. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

125. AIN 4023 (fig. 29)

415 H. 0.44. D. rim 0.23. D. base 0.14. Found in Xeste 3, room 13. Repaired and restored.Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Painted on the collar, interior and exterior, and on the shoulder area in brown/red (possibly originally painted all over).

126. AIN 5274

H. 0.49. D. rim 0.31. D. base 0.15. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored.Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shapedcollar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

127. AIN 5654

Repairedand restored.Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced knobs between lugs. lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite the Painted all over in brown/red.

128. AIN 2490

H. 0.47. D. rim 0.23. D. base 0.13. Found in Pillar Pit 24.

Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced body. Two knobs between the lugs. lugs, placed on the upper part of the opposite fire Painted all over in brown/red. Traces of on the external surface.

129. AIN 5864

416 H. 0.27. D. rim 0.175. D. base 0.09.

Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted handles of circular section, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs betweenthe lugs. Paintedall over in brown/red.

130. AIN 5370

H. 0.46. D. rim 0.27. D. base 0.12. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored.Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

131. AIN 5790

H. 0.48. D. rim 0.25. D. base 0.14. Found in the West House, room 6. Repairedand restored.Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

132. AIN 5151 H. 0.28. D. base0.09. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

417 133. AIN 2487

H. 0.27. D. rim 0.17. D. base 0.13. Found in Pillar Pit 24.

Repairedand restored.Reddish/brown fabric.

Funnel-shapedcollar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs aligned vertically on the upper part of the body. Painted all over in brown/red.

134. AIN 5850

H. 0.33. D. rim 0.20. D. base 0.09. Found in the West House, room 6. Repairedand restored.Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted handles of circular section, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the handles. Painted all over in brown/red.

135. AIN 5147

H. 0.39. D. rim 0.22. D. base 0.11. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

136. AIN 4926

H. 0.47. D. rim 0.24. D. base 0.13.

Found in Sector A, room 17. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Base of slightly projecting profile. Two

418 knobs in-between the lugs. The external surface, the handles and the interior of the mouth are painted in red.

137. AIN 4933 (pl. 43c)

H. 0.525. D. rim 0.295. D. base0.14. Found in Sector 0, room 17. Repaired and restored. Reddish/grey fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, everted, horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs on the shoulder in- between the lugs. Base of slightly projecting profile. The external surface, the lugs and the interior of the funnel collar are painted in red.

138. AIN 7156

H. 0.505. D. rim 0.30. D. base 0.135. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 7, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs between the lugs. Painted all over on the external surface of the body and the internal surface of the collar in brown/red.

139. AIN 1254

H. 0.435. D. rim 0.25. D. base 0.135. Found in the Western Quarters, room 2. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs between the lugs. Painted all over on the external surface of the body and the internal surface of the collar in brown/red.

140. AIN 7742

419 H. 0.439. D. rim 0.205. D. base0.134. Found in Sector A, room 18.

Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions.

Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, just below the rim. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Undecorated (but traces of brown/red paint or slip).

141. AIN 2126

H. 0.502. D. rim 0.32. D. base 0.145.

Found in Sector A. room 16. Repaired and restored. Brown/grey fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal crescent lugs. Undecorated.

142. AIN 4306

H. 0.435. D. rim 0.30. D. base 0.135. Found in Sector A, room 2,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red, but the external surface is much eroded.

143. AIN 3143

H. 0.50. D. rim 0.31. D. base 0.14. Found in the Western Quarters, room 2. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs between the lugs. Undecorated and possibly burnt, but the external surface is much eroded.

144. AIN 3144

H. pr. 0.43. D. rim 0.30. D. base0.12.

420 Found in the Western Quarters, room 2.

Repaired and restored, large part of the funnel collar and the lugs is missing. Light brown fabric with inclusions.

Funnel-shapedcollar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red, but the external surfaceis much eroded.

145. AIN 2939

H. 0.425. D. rim 0.25. D. base0.14. Found in the WesternQuarters, room 2. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two groups of three knobs between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red, traces of fire.

146. AIN 2127

H. 0.391. D. rim 0.28. D. base 0.13. Found in Sector A, room 16. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal handles of circular/oval section. Undecorated.

147. AIN 5260 H. 0.38. D. base 0.11.

Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal crescent lugs. Undecorated.

148. AIN 8958

H. pr. 0.385. D. base 0.132. Found in Pillar Pit 58.

421 Large part of the collar and part of one lug are missing. Brown fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Funnel-shapedcollar. Two horizontal crescent lugs. Two opposite knobs in-between the handles.Undecorated. Traces of burning.

149. AIN 8957

H. pr. 0.374. D. base 0.12. Found in Pillar Pit 58.

Repaired, parts of the collar and the body are missing. Reddish/brown fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal crescent lugs. Two opposite knobs in-between the handles. Undecorated. Traces of burning.

150. A141/80N

H. 0.455. D. rim 0.235. D. base 0.11. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

Repaired and restored at rim, otherwise intact. Light brown fabric. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal crescent lugs. Two knobs on the shoulder. Traces of black paint, trickle?.

151. A145/80NO24

H. 0.575. D. rim 0.245. D. base 0.17. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric. Funnel-shapedcollar. Three vertical handlesof circular/oval section.Undecorated.

152. AIN 9104

H. 0.48. D. rim 0.24. D. base 0.11. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions.

422 Funnel-shapedcollar. Two horizontal, crescent,vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

153. AIN 560

H. 0.46. D. rim 0.245. D. base 0.135. Found in Sector A, room 3. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

154. AIN 3113

H. 0.50. D. rim 0.31. D. base 0.11. Found in Sector A, room 2. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, just below the rim. One knob (probably originally two) in- between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

155. AIN 4881

H. 0.50. D. rim 0.26. D. base 0.14.

Found in Sector A. room 17. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

156. AIN 4858

H. 0.44. D. rim 0.22. D. base 0.13. Found in Sector A, room 17.

423 Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

157. AIN 4774 H. 0.41. D. rim 0.23. D. base 0.12. Found in Sector 0, room 9a. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Painted all over in brown.

158. AIN 4773

H. 0.38. D. rim 0.20. D. base 0.11. Found in Sector 0, room 9a. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Undecorated.

159. AIN 4669

H. 0.355. D. rim 0.21. D. base 0.11. Found in Sector 0, room 17. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Painted all over in brown/red.

160. AIN 1741

H. 0.425. D. rim 0.24. D. base0.13. Found in Sector A, room 9,1.

424 Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shapedcollar. Two horizontal, crescent,vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Painted all over in brown.

161. AIN 441

H. 0.31. D. rim 0.17. D. base0.105. Found in Sector A, room 3,3, inside pithos 12. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions. Funnel-shapedcollar. Two horizontal, crescent,vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Painted all over in red/brown. Traces of fire on the external surface.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 24

162. AIN 2922

H. 0.41. D. rim 0.15. D. base 0.125. Found in the Western Quarters, room 2. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric. Incurving thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body. Painted all over in brown.

163. AIN 1207

H. 0.41. D. rim 0.19. D. base 0.14. Found in Bronou 2 (Sector B? ).

Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with inclusions.

425 Incurving thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body. Undecorated,with speckles of white paint on part of the surface.

164. AIN 1735 H. 0.415. D. rim 0.215. D. base 0.16. Found in Sector B, room 1. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions. Incurving thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body. Undecorated.

165. AIN 5373 H. 0.445. D. rim 0.16. D. base 0.15. No information exists on the findspot. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions. Incurving thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body. Painted all over in red/brown.

166. AIN 4932

H. 0.41. D. rim 0.20. D. base 0.13.

Found in Sector A. room 17. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions. Thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body. Undecorated (but possible traces of paint).

167. AIN 4897

H. 0.43. D. rim 0.22. D. base 0.14. Found in Sector 0, room 9a.

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions. Thin rim. Two horizontal handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body. Painted all over in light brown.

426 PIRIFORM TYPE MISCELLANEOUS

168. AIN 3775 (pl. 45)

H. 0.60. D. rim 0.23. D. base 0.09. Found in Sector 0, room 17. Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square/rounded section. Low cylindrical neck. Two opposite, horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the belly of the body, and two vertical, banded handles on the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown paint: horizontal parallel bands on the body; on the shoulder, at the level of the handles, two zones defined by pairs of horizontal parallel lines filled with series of circles; also painted is the rim and the attachment points of the lugs and the handles.

169. AIN 3891 (pl. 44)

H. 0.69. D. rim 0.285. D. base 0.17.

Found in Sector A, room 17. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim with ridge around the inner perimeter of the lip. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the belly of the body, and two vertical, banded handles from the rim to the shoulder. Decoration in red paint: large painted discs in the zone between the rim and the lugs; two broad bands under the lugs and loop-shaped? motif (not discernible) down to the base; also painted are the rim and the neck. Thera VII, pl. 17a.

170. AIN 697 (pl. 46)

Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Thin horizontal flat rim. Cylindrical neck. Two opposite horizontal crescent vertically pierced lugs at maximum body diameter. Decoration in brown/black paint: three pairs of horizontal parallel lines, at the base of the neck, on the shoulder and immediately

427 lugs, define under the two zones on the upper part of the body, filled with series of circles.

171. AIN 3203

H. 0.455. D. rim 0.275. Found in the West House, room 4a. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric.

Rim not distinct. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section below the rim. Undecorated.

PIRIFORM TYPE WITH SPOUT ABOVE THE BASE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

FORM 25

172. AIN 4893 (pl. 47a)

H. 0.48. D. rim 0.21. D. base 0.14. Found in Sector A. room 17. Repaired and restored. Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal rim of square section. Two opposite, everted handles of circular/oval section, placed on the shoulder. Ridge around the base of the neck and the maximum body diameter. A knob aligned vertically to the spout. Decoration in brown/red paint: vertical series of three adjacent double concentric circles; also painted is the rim and the part underneath until the horizontal ridge.

173. AIN 5244

H. 0.62. D. rim 0.185/0.25. D. base 0.16. Found in Xeste 3, room 11. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish/whitish slip.

428 Horizontal rounded rim. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on shoulder. A knob under the rim, aligned vertically to the spout. Ridge around the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/black paint: vertical series of four adjacent circles, three with cross inside, the fourth around the spout, flanked by vertical wavy bands;also painted are the rim, the neck, and the spout.

174. AIN 1740 (pl. 47b)

H. 0.595. D. rim 0.215. D. base0.13. Found in Sector A, room 9,1. Repaired and restored. Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the shoulder. Ridge around the base of the neck. Six knobs on the shoulder area. Decoration in brown/red paint: vertical series of three adjacent double concentric circles with disc inside; also painted is the rim and the neck down to the horizontal ridge.

175. AIN 5366

H. 0.43. D. rim 0.17/0.225. D. base 0.115. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Horizontal rounded flaring rim. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the shoulder. Ridge around the base of the neck. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Decoration in brown paint: vertical series of two adjacent double concentric circles with cross inside; also painted is the rim and the neck down to the horizontal ridge.

176. AIN 1471-468 (pl. 48)

H. 0.835. D. rim 0.22/0.3 1. D. base 0.18. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish/whitish slip.

429 Horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Two opposite, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the shoulder. A knob under the rim, aligned vertically with the spout. Five parallel, horizontal ridges on the body, more or less equidistant. Decoration in red to brown/black paint: vertical series of four adjacent circles with cross inside, flanked by two vertical wavy bands; also painted are the rim, the neck down to the first ridge, the lugs and the spout.

PIRIFORM TYPE BRIDGE-SPOUTED

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

FORM 26

177. AIN 4810 (pl. 49a, figs. 30A-B)

H. 0.69. D. rim 0.30. D. base 0.16. Found in Xeste 3, room 11. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, everted handles of circular/oval section placed on the shoulder, and one similar vertical opposite the spout, which is everted, placed at the base of the neck. Decoration in red/brown paint: nippled ewers alternating with bunches of grapes on the upper part of the body; horizontal parallel bands on the outer edge of the rim, on the base of the neck, and on the lower half of the body; bands around the attachment points of the handles and the spout.

178. AIN 5870 (pl. 49b)

H. 0.64. D. rim 0.22. D. base 0.16. Found in Xeste 3, room 7. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Two horizontal, everted handles of circular/oval section placed on the shoulder (originally there was most

430 probably a third vertical opposite the spout, but this part of the vessel is missing). The spout is everted, placed at the base of the neck. Decoration in red/brown paint: bands around the outer edge of the rim, the base of the neck, on the body and around the base; traces of floral motifs on the body (reeds?); bands around the attachment points of the handles.

PIRIFORM TYPE BRIDGE-SPOUTED

WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 27

179. AIN 2496 (pl. 50b)

H. 0.665. D. rim 0.36. D. base 0.18. Found in Dexion Pillar Pit 24.

Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, everted handles of circular/oval section placed on the shoulder, and one smaller similar vertical opposite the spout, which is everted, placed immediately under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: six horizontal friezes, separated by pairs of parallel bands; the first four from the top are filled with vertical/crescent, parallel strokes (imitating ripple pattern), while the remaining two are filled with oblique parallel strokes; also painted are the rim, the handles, the spout and the remaining part of the external surface from the lower frieze to the base.

180. AIN 7161 (pl. 50a)

H. 0.645. D. rim 0.29/0.345. D. base 0.163. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 9 and area south of the Room of the Ladies, high in the deposit (5-6 sherds).

Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip.

431 Horizontal flat rim of square section. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and one similar vertical opposite the spout. Decoration in red/dark brown to black paint and added white: five horizontal parallel zones with ripple pattern, defined by pairs of bands; two horizontal parallel bands above the base; also painted are the rim, on the exterior and interior, the handles and the attachment point of the spout; X motif in white paint on the two horizontal handles; white lines on the bands.

181. AIN 4316 (pl. 51, fig. 31)

H. 0.74. D. rim 0.27/0.34. D. base 0.19. No information exists on the fmdspot. Repairedand restored.Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, everted handles of circular/oval section, placed on the shoulder, and one smaller similar vertical opposite the spout, which is everted, placed immediately under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: four horizontal friezes, separated by triple parallel bands; the first three from the top are filled with vertical, parallel strokes (imitating ripple pattern?), while the fourth has a wavy band; also painted are the rim, the attachment points of the handles and the spout, the lip of the spout and the remaining part of the external surface from the lower frieze to the base.

182. AIN 469 (pl. 52)

H. 0.725. D. rim 0.31/0.4. Found in Bronou 2 (Sector B? ).

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, greenish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, everted handles, of circular/oval section placed on the shoulder, and one smaller similar vertical opposite the spout, which is everted, placed at the rim/neck junction. Decoration in red/brown paint: four horizontal friezes, separated by double parallel bands, filled with large, oblique,

curved strokes (carelessly executed ripple pattern?); also painted are the rim, the spout and the attachment points of the handles.

432 183. A59/80NO14

H. 0.71. D. rim 0.33/0.41. D. base0.18. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

Repairedand restored.Yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of squaresection. Two horizontal, evertedhandles of circular/oval section placed on the shoulder, and one similar smaller vertical opposite the spout, which is everted, placed at the rim/neck junction. Decoration in brown paint: five horizontal friezes, separatedby pairs of parallel bands, filled with oblique parallel strokes; also painted are the rim, the attachmentpoints of the handles, and the spout; band abovethe base.

FORM 28

184. AIN 4104 (p1.53a)

H. 0.56. D. rim 0.38. D. base 0.16.

Found in Sector 0, room 9a. Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square/trapezoidal section. Two horizontal, everted handles, of circular/oval section placed on the shoulder, and one similar smaller vertical opposite the spout, which is everted, placed immediately under the rim. Decoration in red/brown and added white worn paint: three horizontal friezes filled with ripple pattern, separated by parallel bands; three bands at the lower part of the body to the base; also painted are the rim, the handles and the spout; added white horizontal and wavy lines.

185. AIN 1506 (possibly wrong inventory number) (pl. 53b) Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip.

Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, everted handles, of circular/oval section, placed on the shoulder, and one similar vertical opposite the spout. Decoration in red/brown paint, not discernible: the external surface is probably painted all over.

433 PIRIFORM TYPE BRIDGE-SPOUTED

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 29

186. AIN 626 (p1.54a)

Found in Sector A, room 2, inside pithos 6. H. 0.55. D. rim 0.22/0.19. D. base 0.16.

Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with little mica, brown slip. Two horizontal, everted handles of circular/oval section placed on the upper part of the body, just below the rim, and one vertical banded opposite the spout. Decoration in white worn paint: four standing reed motifs and pairs of horizontal parallel bands around the rim, on the lower part of the body and above the base; bands around the attachment points of the handles and the spout; "eye" motif on the vertical side of the spout and vertical parallel strokes on the handles.

187. AIN 557 (pl. 54b)

Found in Sector A, room 2,3. H. 0.527. D. rim 0.23/0.19. D. base 0.17. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with little gold mica, brown slip. Two horizontal, everted handles of circular/oval section placed on the upper part of the body, just below the rim, and one vertical banded opposite the spout. Decoration in white worn paint: five standing reed motifs stemming from a horizontal band above the base; bands around the rim and the neck, the attachment points of the handles and the spout; "eye" motif on both vertical sides of the spout; bars on the lip of the rim.

434 PIRIFORM TYPE

BRIDGE-SPOUTED

MISCELLANEOUS

188. AIN 8866

H. 0.555. D. rim 0.307/0.364. D. base 0.16. Found in Pillar Pit 25B.

Repaired and restored. Light yellow fabric, whitish/yellowish slip. Rim of square section with very low ridge around the inner perimeter of the lip. Two horizontal, everted handles of circular/oval section placed on the shoulder, and one similar vertical opposite the spout, which is everted, placed immediately under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: on the body, two pairs of horizontal parallel bands, on the maximum diameter and above the base; from the upper pair spring vertical reed motifs; bands around the outer edge of the rim and around the attachment points of the handles.

435 VESSELS WITH UNRESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE

LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 30

189. AIN 4915 (pl. 55)

H. 0.69. D. rim 0.455/0.57.D. base0.29. Found in Sector 0, room 17.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish/whitish fabric with large black inclusions, slip of the same colour. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three horizontal handles of circular/oval section under the rim. Three knobs in-between the handles. Undecorated, but possible traces of paint on the rim and the body.

CONICAL TYPE

LOW/NO COLLAR

FORM 31

190. AIN 1481

H. 0.97. D. rim 0.495/0.59. D. base 0.21. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Light brown/reddish fabric, pink/yellowish slip. Flat, thick horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, banded handles, placed on the upper part of the body, just below the rim. Decoration in brown paint: reed patterns, stemming from above the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; also painted is the rim. Thera III, pl. 49,1.

436 191. AIN 2505

H. 0.935. D. rim 0.435/0.517.D. base0.195. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 1. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish/pink slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, banded handles, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: reeds, stemming from above the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; also painted is the rim; bands around the attachment points of the handles.

192. AIN 2667 (pl. 56a)

H. 0.93. D. rim 0.44/0.53. D. base 0.20. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 1. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric, yellowish/whitish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, thick banded handles, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: reed patterns, stemming from above the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; also painted is the rim; bands around the attachment points of the handles; on the lip of the rim there are two opposite motifs in brown/black paint: a very careless imitation of a running spiral and a circle with two vertical strokes inside.

193. AIN 4939 (pl. 56b)

H. 0.94. D. rim 0.47/0.57. D. base 0.19. Found in Sector 0, room 9a. Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric, whitish/yellowish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, banded handles, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: reeds, stemming from above the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; the rim is also painted and possibly also the lower part of the body near the base; stains of paint on the external surface and trickle under the rim on the internal surface.

194. AIN 7714 (pl. 57b)

437 H. 0.94. D. rim 0.537. D. base0.245. Found in Sector A, room 18a.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip.

Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, thick banded handles, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in black paint: reed patterns, stemming from the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; band on the surface of the lip of the rim (but originally it must have been painted all over); stains of paint on the external surface of the vessel.

195. AIN 7164

H. pres. 0.952. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 5, near the southwest corner. Repaired and restored. Less than half of the vessel is preserved. Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Rim of square section. One horizontal handle of circular/oval section is preserved on the shoulder. Decoration in red/brown to black paint: reeds.

196. AIN 6055 (pl. 57a)

H. 0.88. D. rim 0.52/0.61. D. base 0.29. Found in the area between the House of the Ladies and the West House. Repaired and restored. Pink/light brown fabric, greyish/greenish slip. Flat, horizontal very thick rim of square section. Two horizontal, thick banded handles, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in brown paint, quite worn: reed patterns, stemming from above the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; also painted is the rim.

197. A6/38N

H. 0.94. D. rim 0.46/0.55. Found in Pillar Pit 38.

Repaired, large part of the body and rim missing. Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip.

438 Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, thick banded handles, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: reed patterns, stemming from above the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; also painted is the rim externally.

198. AIN 4671 (p1.58a)

H. 0.92. D. rim 0.54/0.63. D. base 0.21. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric, whitish/yellowish slip (the internal surface is very smooth). Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, thick banded handles, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: reed patterns, stemming from the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; the rim and the handles are painted all over, as is also the lower part of the body near the base.

199. AIN 4673 (pl. 58b)

H. 0.93. D. rim 0.56/0.65. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric with black inclusions, yellowish/greenish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: reed patterns, stemming from above the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; bands around the attachment points of the handles.

200. AIN 4672-3489 (fig. 35)

H. 0.94. D. rim 0.495/0.59. Found in the West House, room 5. Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric, yellowish/greenish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown

439 paint: reed patterns, stemming from above the base of the vessel, cover the external surface;the rim is also painted.

201. AIN 5868

H. 0.98. D. rim 0.49/0.54. D. base 0.19.

Found in Sector 0, room 9a, ground floor, in the middle of the room. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, thick banded handles, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite knobs in-between the handles. Decoration in red/brown paint: reed patterns, stemming from above the base of the vessel, cover the external surface; also painted is the rim.

FORM 32

202. AIN 3202 (pl. 59)

Found in the West House, room 4a. H. 0.48. D. rim 0.32/0.35. D. base 0.21. Repaired. Brown fabric with inclusions. Thin rim of semicircular section. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the upper part of the body. Painted all over in brown. Originally filled with plaster.

CONICAL TYPE BRIDGE- OR FALSE- SPOUTED

LOW/NO RIM

FORM 33

203. AIN 2375 (pl. 60)

H. 0.645. D. rim 0.52. D. base 0.22. Found in Sector A, room 9,1.

440 Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. horizontal Flat, rim of square section. Two horizontal, everted handles of circular/oval section placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim, and one smaller vertical opposite the bridge-spout, which is placed immediately under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: four horizontal friezes, separated by pairs of parallel bands; the first from the top is filled with series of alternating pairs of oblique strokes and arcs; the following two are filled with ripple pattern, while the last is filled with oblique broad strokes; also painted are the rim, the handles, and possibly the spout; wide band at the lower part of the body.

CYLINDRICAL TYPE

LOW/NO RIM

FORM 34

204. (192) It has not been inventoried. Found in Sector A, room 1. Left in situ, the rim and parts of the body are missing. Light brown/yellowish fabric, yellowish/whitish slip. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. A knob in-between the lugs. Decoration in red/brown paint: series of spirals with large solid centres on reserved ground, in a zone defined by a wavy band and two horizontal parallel bands above and three parallel horizontal bands below; painted "silent wave" motif above the base.

205. It has not been inventoried. H. 0.85.

Found in Sector A, room 3,1. Left in situ, the rim and parts of the body are missing. Pink fabric and slip. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Decoration in red paint: three parallel horizontal bands under the rim; large running

441 (one solid-centre spirals replaced by group of concentric circles with painted disc in the centre) on reserved ground, with parallel wavy bands above and below; painted "silent wave" motif above the base.

206. AIN 2502 H. 0.822. D. rim 0.38/0.475.

Found in A. room 16, south part of the west wall. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip.

Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite knobs in- between the lugs. Traces of brown paint on the external surface, otherwise undecorated.

207. AIN 7183

H. pres. 0.811. D. rim 0.545. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored, but large part of the lower part of the body and the base is missing. Light brown/yellowish fabric. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, just below the rim. Two opposite knobs in- between the lugs. Decoration in brown and white worn paint: the external surface is painted all-over in brown paint; white bunches of lilies stem from the base.

208. AIN 7184

H. pres. 0.591. D. rim 0.562. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored, but almost half of the body is missing as also is the base. Yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Decoration in red and black matt paint, worn on

442 many parts of the preserved surface: red rosettes and lilies, traces of possibly black and red bands.

209. AIN 2507 (pl. 61a)

H. 0.87. D. rim 0.45/0.53. D. base0.56. Found in Sector A. room 2, southeast corner. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/reddish fabric, yellowish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite knobs in- between the lugs. Decoration in red/brown paint: two parallel horizontal series of spirals and concentric circles with disc (false running spirals) on the upper part of the body; in the spaces in-between crocuses and large dots; also painted are the lugs, the rim and the remaining parts of the external surface under the rim and above the base. Clay lid with handle of circular/oval section, decorated with running spirals and dots (d. 0.49).

Thera IV, pl. 64c.

210. AIN 4921 (pl. 61b)

H. 0.93. D. rim 0.52. Found in Sector 0, room 17. Repaired and restored. Whitish/yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Four knobs below the rim, opposite placed in-between the lugs. Decoration in red/brown paint: the external surface is painted all over except for a broad frieze on the upper part of the body filled with running spirals on reserved ground, with two parallel wavy bands above; also painted is the rim.

211. AIN 4747 (p1.62a, figs. 33A-B)

H. 0.84. D. rim 0.43/0.53. D. base 0.53. Found in the West House, room 5.

443 Repaired and restored. Yellowish/pink fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite knobs in- between the lugs. Decoration in red/brown paint: running spirals on reserved ground, with three parallel wavy bands above and below and large painted dots in-between the spirals; also painted are the lugs, the rim and the remaining parts of the external surface under the rim and above the base.

212. AIN 470

H. 0.895. D. rim 0.45/0.54. D. base 0.52. Found in Bronou 2, trench BB (Sector B? ).

Repaired and restored. Yellowish/greenish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: on the upper part of the body, running spirals on reserved ground, with parallel wavy bands above and below; also painted are the rim and the remaining parts of the external surfaceunder the rim and abovethe base.

213. AIN 4317 (pl. 63a)

H. 0.81. D. rim 0.43/0.52. D. base 0.53.

Found in Sector A. room 17, first floor. Repaired and restored. Light brown/pink fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two knobs below the rim, opposite placed in-between the lugs. Decoration in red/brown paint with details added in white worn paint: on the upper part of the body, running spirals on reserved ground, with parallel wavy bands above and below; also painted are the lugs, the rim and the lower part of the body above the base ("silent wave" motif); details in added white on the tangent bands, the central solid disc of some of the spirals and the lip of the rim (groups of vertical strokes).

444 214. AIN 3211 (p1.63b) H. 0.89. D. rim 0.51/0.59. D. base0.47. Found in the Xeste west of the triangular square. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions, yellowish/whitish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Decoration in red/brown paint: on the upper part, in a zone defined by a band under the rim and three horizontal bands and a wavy line below, there is a horizontal series of groups of concentric circles on reserved ground, with painted disc in the centre; tangent bands on the outer circles of the groups (false running spiral) and arcs hanging from the band under the rim or standing on the flanking lower horizontal bands. On the lower part, solid ellipses imitating broad "silent wave" motif.

215. AIN 6895

H. pres. 0.610. D. rim 0.43. Found in Sector A, room 17. Repaired and restored, but large part of the body and the base is missing. Greyish fabric.

Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: the external surface is painted all over.

216. AIN 7186

H. 0.80. D. rim 0.39/0.485. D. base 0.47. Found in Sector A. room I a. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric with large inclusions, slip of the same colour. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in red/brown paint: on the upper part of the body, running spirals with solid centre on reserved ground, with parallel wavy bands above and below, linked by tangents and curved bands above and below; solid discs above and below one of the tangents; also painted

445 are the rim and the remaining parts of the external surfaceunder the rim and abovethe base.

217. AIN 7185

H. 0.81. D. rim 0.36/0.44. D. base 0.44.

Found in Sector A, room I a. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite knobs in- between the lugs. Decoration in brown and white worn paint: the external surface is covered in brown paint; band with solid white arcs under the rim; on the body, four bunches of white lilies (possibly six flowers on each branch) stem from a band with arcs above the base; groups of three white parallel strokes alternating with arcs on the lip of the rim; white circles around the knobs and the attachment points of the lugs.

218. A137/80NO22

H. 0.795. D. rim 0.43/0.5 1. D. base 0.49. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

Repaired and restored. Light brown/yellowish fabric, whitish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Undecorated.

219. AIN 4941

H. pres. 0.68. D. rim 0.54. D. base 0.54. Repaired and restored, but part of the lower body and the base are missing. Light brown fabric.

Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite knobs below the rim in-between the lugs. Decoration in red/brown and white worn paint: the external surface is painted all over in red/brown; bunches of lilies in white possibly stem from above the base and reach high under the rim; white hanging arcs under the

446 rim; groups of vertical parallel white strokes and solid arcs on the lip of the rim; white lines round the inner and outer edge of the lip, the knobs and the lugs.

220. AIN 9329

H. 0.82. D. rim 0.435/0.545.D. base0.52. Found in Pillar Pit 80.

Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions, white slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Undecorated.

221. AIN 7967

H. 0.885. D. rim 0.585. D. base 0.61.

Found in Sector A. room 18a. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric with inclusions. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs in-between the handles. Decoration in red/brown paint: on the upper half, in a zone defined by a horizontal and two wavy bands under the rim and broad horizontal bands below down to the base, there is a horizontal series of running solid-centre spirals; small solid discs above and below the tangents; on the lower part, broad "silent wave" motif; narrow "silent wave" motif hanging under the rim, which is painted all over.

222. AIN 5785 (pl. 64a)

H. 0.80. D. rim 0.43/0.525. Found in Sector A, room 1, first floor, polythyron. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Four knobs under the rim. Decoration in red/brown and added worn white paint: the external surface is painted all over in dark red/brown paint; white lilies plants in bunches between the lugs stem

447 from the base and reach to the rim; also in white, reeds under the lugs and double wavy lines under the rim. Thera IV, pl. 64a-b. Marthari 1987, figs. 21-22.

223. AIN 3210 (pl. 66, figs. 32A-B) H. 0.82. D. rim 0.54. Found in the Xeste west of the Triangular Square(possibly the House of the Anchor). Repairedand restored.Whitish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, just below the rim. Two knobs below the rim, opposite placed in-between the lugs. Decoration in matt red and brown paint with details added in white worn paint: dolphins in marine landscape; "silent wave" motif over the base and under the rim; also painted is the rim.

224. AIN 3214 (pl. 65a)

H. 0.825. D. rim 0.52. D. base 0.53. Found in the Western Quarters, room 2. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Decoration in red and black matt paint, much worn: red horizontal parallel bands, two under the rim, two under the lugs and two above the base, define two decorative zones; in the first zone, red running spirals with cross-shaped motif in the centre, in the second zone, series of red circles with palm rosette inside (contours in black).

225. AIN 93 (pl. 64b)

Found in Sector A, room 3,1. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, just below the rim. Two knobs below the rim, opposite placed in-between the lugs. Decoration in brown/black paint with added worn

448 white: the external surface is painted all over in brown/black; white lilies flowers in single field in different directions; the knobs are also painted in white. Thera II, pl. 24-25.

226. AIN 4749

H. 0.77. D. rim 0.46/0.56. D. base0.51. No information exists on the findspot. Repairedand restored.Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Decoration in brown worn paint: traces of linear motifs are preserved (spirals and bands?).

227. AIN 4202

H. 0.845. D. rim 0.46/0.59. D. base 0.52. Found in Sector A, room 17, first floor. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/greenish fabric with black inclusions, slip of the same colour. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite knobs in- between the lugs. Decoration in red/brown paint: running spirals on reserved ground, with parallel wavy bands above and below; also painted are the lugs, the rim and the remaining parts of the external surface under the rim and above the base ("silent wave" motif).

228. AIN 3212 (pt. 65b, fig. 34)

H. 0.82. D. rim 0.495/0.58. D. base 0.60 (but very irregular). Found in the Western Quarters, room 2. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, light brown/yellowish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Decoration in red/brown and black paint: the upper half of the external surface is covered with red/brown paint; in this zone, there is

449 a horizontal series of groups of concentric circles in black paint on reserved ground, with painted red/brown disc in the centre, except in two cases where the centre is reserved; tangent bands on the outer circles of the groups (false running spiral). On the lower half, horizontal band and broad, "silent wave" motif in brown/red.

229. AIN 5660 H. 0.715. D. rim 0.405/0.495.D. base0.53. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric with large inclusions (up to 0.005 or more). Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, almost at middle body height. Traces of red paint on the lip and sparsely on the body; surface quite eroded at some parts of the body.

FORM 35

230. AIN 7167 (pl. 67b)

H. 0.71. D. rim 0.29/0.415. D. base 0.452. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 5. Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric with inclusions and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section, the outer profile not distinct from the body, with interior ledge (w. 0.025) for the fitting of lid. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically

pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite knobs below the rim in-between the lugs. Undecorated. The lid is circular (d. 0.35), undecorated, with banded handle.

231. AIN 7166

H. 0.743. D. rim 0.285/0.388. D. base 0.46. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 5. Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric with inclusions and slip of the same colour. Flat, horizontal rim of square section, the outer profile not distinct from the body, with interior ledge (w. 0.025) for the fitting of lid. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite

450 knobs below the rim in-between the lugs. Undecorated. The lid is circular (d. 0.32), undecorated,with bandedhandle.

232. AIN 7180

H. pres. 0.659. D. rim 0.39. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 5.

Repaired and restored. Large part of the lower body and the base are not preserved. Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Rim with interior ledge around the inner perimeter of the lip, for the fitting of a lid. Undecorated.

233. AIN 7168 (pl. 67a)

H. 0.716. D. rim 0.305/0.409. D. base 0.474. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 5. Repaired and restored. Whitish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section, the outer profile not distinct from the body, with interior ledge (w. 0.025) for the fitting of a lid. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Two opposite knobs below the rim in-between the lugs. Undecorated. The lid is circular (d. 0.34), undecorated, with banded handle.

FORM 36

234. AIN 4322 (pl. 68a)

H. 0.45. D. rim 0.36. D. base 0.44. Found in Bronou 2 (Sector B? ).

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs in-between the handles. Decoration in red/brown paint: on the upper half, in a zone defined by a horizontal and a wavy band under the rim and two wavy bands below, there is a horizontal series of running

451 solid centre spirals; on the lower half, broad "silent wave" motif; also painted is the rim.

235. AIN 5778 (pl. 68b)

H. 0.605. D. rim 0.36/0.42. D. base0.42. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repairedand restored.Light brown/yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body. Two knobs in-between the handles. Decoration in red/brown paint: on the upper half, in a zone defined by a horizontal and two wavy bands under the rim and broad horizontal bands below down to the base, there is a horizontal series of running solid centre spirals; also painted is the rim.

236. AIN 2563

H. 0.55. D. rim 0.30/0.39. D. base 0.34. Found in Dexion Pillar Pit 23.

Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric. Flat, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. (Decoration indistinguishable, but described in the inventory as follows: Decoration in brown paint with added worn white paint: the external surface is covered all over in brown paint; around the base there are white painted semicircles, from which stem white myrtle branches and crocuses; under the rim, groove painted white. It is possible that there is a mistake in the inventory number).

CYLINDRICAL TYPE MISCELLANEOUS

237. AIN 2167 (pt. 69b)

H. 0.49. D. rim 0.345/0.415. D. base 0.35.

452 Found in Sector 0, room 16.

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with large black inclusions, yellowish/whitish slip. flat Thin, horizontal rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the lower part of the body. Decoration in red/brown and black paint (much worn): horizontal band under the rim, with outlining black narrower band below.

238. AIN 2376 (pl. 69a)

H. 0.454. D. rim 0.325. D. base 0.36. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 1. Repaired and restored. Yellowish fabric and slip. Flat, horizontal rim not distinct from the body, with interior ledge. Two vertical and two horizontal handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body. Undecorated. Square marble slab used as lid.

239. AIN 4687 (pt. 70)

H. 0.86. D. rim 0.305. D. base 0.49.

Found in Sector A, room 17, near the north wall. Repaired and restored. Yellowish/whitish fabric and slip. Ledge on the interior of the rim for the fitting of a lid. Three horizontal, everted, handles of circular/oval section placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim. Opening of square shape at the base, with fitted vertical lid with handles. Second internal base with holes. Decoration in red/brown paint: from above, zone with crocuses and two horizontal zones with solid centre spirals, with double adjacent arcs above and below; dots in-between the arcs; between the two spiral zones myrtle branches. PAE 1976, fig. 1.

453 IMPORTED VESSELS

CRETE

VESSELS WITH RESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

240. AIN 4886 (pl. 71)

H. 0.61. D. rim 0.14/0.22. D. base 0.215. Found in Sector A, room 17. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with inclusions. Thick, high rim of square/trapezoidal section, with shallow ledge around the inner perimeter of the lip. Six vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another six smaller above the disc base. Ridge around the base of the neck. Decoration very worn, (possibly painted all over in black worn paint, spirals?).

241. AIN 6475 (pl. 72)

H. 0.71. D. rim 0.175/0.235. D. base 0.19. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 3. Repaired and restored. Reddishibrown fabric with black inclusions, slip of the same colour. Horizontal, flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section below the rim. Decoration in red to brown/black paint: on the body, three large petaloid loop motifs, with reserved disc; also painted are the rim, the neck and possibly the handles; band around the base. Cf. (mainly for the motif) Levi 1976, pls. 48a, 50d (Phaistos), Marinatos and Hirmer 1973, pl. 24 (Phaistos).

242. AIN 1571 (p1.73a)

454 H. 0.6. D. rim 0.15/0.205.D. base0.16. Found in Sector A, room 9,1.

Repaired and restored. Light brown/pink fabric with large black and other inclusions, slip of the same colour.

Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Circular hole above the base. Decoration in black/red worn paint: trickle patterns on the body.

243. AIN 8214 (pl. 73b)

H. 0.742. D. rim 0.18/0.25. D. base 0.23. Found in Pillar Pit 39.

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric and slip. Thick rim of square/trapezoidal section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Ridge around the base of the neck. Circular hole above the base (d. 0.018m.). Decoration in brown/black worn paint: two main decorative zones, defined by horizontal bands; in the first, at the level of the handles, "palm" motifs (possibly four originally, each between the handles); in the broader zone below, series of large ivy leaves; possibly also painted are the rim, the neck ridge and the handles; possibly broad band around the handles originally.

244. AIN 2504

H. 0.78. D. rim 0.215/0.27. D. base 0.23. Found in Sector A, room 1. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with inclusions. Horizontal, flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Ridge around the base of the neck. The external surface, the rim, the neck and the handles are painted all over in red/brown.

245. AIN 2829 (pl. 74)

H. 0.8. D. rim 0.255/0.32. D. base 0.21. Found in Bronou 1, (possibly A2).

455 Repaired Light brown and restored. fabric with large black inclusions, slip of the same colour. flat Horizontal, thick, rim of square/trapezoidalsection. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section below the rim. Decoration non-identifiable

246. AIN 561 (p1.75)

H. 0.665. D. rim 0.17/0.245. D. base 0.23. Found in Sector B, room 6.

Repaired and restored. Red fabric with white inclusions and little silver mica. Rounded, ring-shaped rim. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Two pairs of horizontal parallel rope bands with impressions define three zones on the body, which are filled with similar wavy bands, three in the first zone and one in each of the rest; rope band at the base of the neck. Traces of red/brown paint on the body and the rim. Thera III, p1.57,1.

247. AIN 6658 (pl. 76)

H. 0.565. D. rim 0.26. D. base 0.24. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 3. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric with inclusions, light brown/yellowish slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another four similar corresponding above the base. Base of projecting profile. On the upper part of the body, two parallel horizontal rope bands with impressions and similar oblique bands between the handles; ridge around the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles; also painted are the rim and the handles.

248. AIN 5023 (pl. 77)

H. 0.87. D. rim 0.19/0.27. D. base 0.24. There is no information on the findspot. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with white inclusions.

456 flat Horizontal, rim of square section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another four similar above the base. On the body, rope bands with almost circular impressions, one wavy under the handles, a second below, curved, and a third, horizontal, above the handles of the base. There are also two horizontal ridges, one above the upper handles and the other above the base. Decoration in black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles.

OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

249. AIN 6674 (pl. 79)

H. 0.67. D. rim 0.175/0.255. D. base 0.19. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 3. Repairedand restored.Light brown fabric with brown and black inclusions and slip of the samecolour. Tall cylindrical/funnel collar. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another two, opposite, horizontal handles of circular/oval section almost at maximum body diameter. Three horizontal parallel broad rope bands with impressions, at the base of the neck, at the level of the lower handles and above the base; in the zone defined by the first two bands on the shoulder of the vessel, similar oblique broad rope bands. Decoration in black paint: on the body speckles thrown from a brush and traces of paint on the rim and the neck.

250. AIN 2501 (pl. 78a)

H. 0.77. D. rim 0.27/0.35. D. base 0.26. Found in Sector A, room 16. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with large inclusions (some silver coloured), yellowish/whitish slip.

457 Horizontal thin rim, low cylindrical/funnel neck. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder of the vessel and another two, opposite, horizontal handles of circular/oval section almost at maximum body diameter. Five horizontal parallel rope bands with vertical incisions on the body and a similar band at the base of the neck. Undecorated.

251. AIN 2503 (pl. 78b)

H. 0.745. D. rim 0.22/0.30. D. base0.26. Found in Sector A, room 16. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with inclusions and slip of the same colour. Horizontal thin rim, low cylindrical neck. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another two, opposite, horizontal handles of circular/oval section on the lower part of the body. Five horizontal parallel rope bands with vertical incisions on the body and a similar band at the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/black paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the upper handles.

252. AIN 6443 (pl. 80)

H. 0.88. D. rim 0.19/0.29. D. base 0.20. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 2. fabric, Almost intact, restored at a small part at the shoulder. Light brown yellowish/whitish slip. Three Thin horizontal rim of trapezoid/curved section, low cylindrical/funnel neck. horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another two, lower body opposite, horizontal handles of circular/oval section on the part of the horizontal broad bands under the level of the maximum diameter. Five parallel rope on defined the body, from the base of the neck to the level of the lower handles; in a zone bands "festoons". by two bands on the shoulder of the vessel, similar oblique rope and Undecorated.

253. AIN 6453 (pl. 81)

H. 0.64. D. rim 0.20/0.25. D. base 0.215.

458 Found in the House of the Ladies, room 3. Repairedand restored.Reddish/brown fabric with large inclusions. Cylindrical/funnel collar, no distinct rim. Four vertical handlesof circular/oval section from the neck to the shoulder and another two, opposite, horizontal handles of circular/oval section at the belly. Two horizontal parallel rope bands,one at the baseof the upper handles and another broad with series of circular impressionsat the level of the lower handles, define zone filled with series of oblique rope bands. Stains of brown paint (trickles?) on the body and on the internal surfaceof the neck.

254. AIN 6471 (pl. 82)

H. 0.72. D. rim 0.215. D. base 0.25. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 3. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with inclusions and sand, slip of the same colour. Rim of almost triangular section; cylindrical neck. Four thick vertical banded handles on the shoulder and another two of circular/oval section above the base. Two rope bands with impressions, one broad horizontal at the base of the neck and one wavy above the base. Decoration in red/brown paint: trickle pattern on the body; also painted are the neck and the rim.

255. AIN 7163 (pl. 83)

H. 0.816. D. rim 0.195/0.295. D. base 0.23. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 9. Repaired and restored. Red/grey fabric with inclusions and slip of the same colour. Rim of square/trapezoidal section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Two pairs of horizontal parallel rope bands at the body and a ridge around the base of the neck define zones on the body, which are filled with wavy rope bands, two crossing each other in the first zone and two parallel in the second zone; horizontal ridge shortly above the base. Undecorated. Between two of the handles there are four incised signs of Linear A. For the inscription see PAE 1992,178; PAE 1993,185 ; Ergon 1993,90, fig. 89; Boulotis 1998,407.

459 256. AIN 8539

H. 0.748. D. rim 0.19/0.283.D. base0.22. Found in Pillar Pit 38.

Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish/white slip.

Horizontal rim of semi-circular section. Eight vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and four similar above the base. Rope band with circular impressions around the base of the neck. Three groups of three parallel rope bands of different types, one group below the upper handles, and the other two above and below the lower handles. Decoration in black/brown/red paint: trickle patterns on the body.

257. AIN 7159 (pl. 84a)

H. 0.702. D rim 0.311. D base 0.21. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 5. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Rim of trapezoidal/rounded section, not well distinguished from the flaring, low collar. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and four conical knobs in-between the handles. Rope bands, one around the base of the neck and two similar parallel on the maximum diameter of the body. Trickle patterns of red/brown paint stemming from the neck.

258. AIN 7162 (pl. 84b)

H. 0.645. D. rim 0.195/0.28. D. base 0.22. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 5. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Horizontal flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Low cylindrical neck. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and four knobs in-between the handles. Rope band around the base of the neck and two similar horizontal parallel on the maximum diameter. Decoration worn; the external surface, including the rim and the handles, must have been painted all over in dark brown to black, except possibly the area between the body ropes.

460 259. AIN 4923

H. 0.47. D. rim 0.19/0.14. D. base0.21. Found in the West House, room 5, ground floor. Repairedand restored.Brown/reddish fabric with white inclusions. Flat horizontal rim of square/trapezoidalsection. Low neck. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section. Rope band at the base of the neck. Decoration in brown paint: trickle patterns.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH WIDE MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

260. AIN 1488 (pl. 85)

H. 1.20. D. rim 0.53. Found in Sector A. room 3,3. Small parts of the rim are missing, otherwise intact and left in situ. Reddish fabric with large inclusions.

Thick flaring rim, of trapezoidal/rounded section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder (possibly another four above the base of projecting profile). Two groups of triple horizontal parallel rope bands on the body, one at the maximum body diameter and another above the handles; one similar band at the base of the neck. The decoration is non-identifiable since the surface is very eroded and covered in crust (most probably trickle patterns). Stone lid in situ. Thera II, pl. 21,2 (left).

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

261. AIN 4748-2500 (pl. 86)

461 H. 0.81. D. rim 0.22/0.3. D. base0.22. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 1. Repaired and restored, one handle is missing. Light brown fabric with black inclusions.

Horizontal, flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Horizontal ridge at the base of the neck. Decoration in black and added white paint, much worn: possibly originally painted all over in brown/black, white spirals and bands are discernible; parallel oblique white strokes on the outer edge of the rim.

262. AIN 1570 (p1.87)

H. 0.55. D. rim 0.20. D. base0.16/0.20. Found in Sector A, room 9,1. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric. Horizontal flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section placed on the shoulder. Two opposite very small vertical banded handles from the rim to the neck. Ridge around the base of the neck. Decoration in red/brown and added white worn paint: the external surface, the rim and the handles are painted all over in red/brown; two pairs of white horizontal parallel bands define a decorative zone which is filled with running retorted spiral motif.

263. AIN 4750 (pl. 88, fig. 36)

H. 0.94. D. rim 0.24/0.33. D. base 0.27. Found in Xeste 3, room 4, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric with black inclusions, slip of the same colour. Thick rim of roughly trapezoid section, with shallow ledge around the inner perimeter of the lip. Four vertical broad handles of oval section on the shoulder and another four corresponding above the base. Horizontal ridges above the upper handles; below the lower handles, tall base of projecting profile. Decoration in brown/black, much worn,

462 and added white worn paint: possibly originally painted all over in brown/black, with addedwhite spirals and groups of horizontal bands.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

264. AIN 3561 (pl. 90a, fig. 37)

H. 0.82. D. rim 0.27/0.34. D. base0.22. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 6, west part. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric with inclusions, yellowish slip. Flat horizontal rim of square section. Low cylindrical neck. Disc base. Four vertical banded handles on the shoulder and another four smaller corresponding over the ridges around the base. One horizontal ridge around the base of the neck and another five above the base. Decoration in red/brown/black and added white paint: the surface of the body is divided in four horizontal zones; from above: series of crocus plants, running solid centre spirals (large and smaller), and plant motif (reeds?); also painted are the rim, the handles, the neck with the ridge and the lower part of the body (ridges and disc base); the white paint is much worn; visible are some lines on the neck zone, the horizontal bands and the attachment points of the handles to the body; traces of red on the surface, possibly due to firing.

265. AIN 3702 (pl. 90b)

H. 0.60. D. rim 0.29. D. base 0.19. Found in Sector A. room 17. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric, light brown/yellowish slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Low cylindrical/funnel neck. Four vertical banded handles on the shoulder with vertical ridge on the surface and broad base and another four corresponding above the base. Ridge around the base of the neck. Two horizontal ridges above the disc base. Decoration in brown paint: foliate band above the neck ridge and zone with series of dots under the ridge; on the body, horizontal

463 bands parallel with series of dots in-between define decorativezones filled with series of running solid centre spirals with dots (net spiral in the upper broad zone).

266. AIN 96 (pl. 89a)

H. 0.73. D. rim 0.22/0.3 1. D. base 0.215. Found in the Western Quarters, room 3. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric, light brown slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Four horizontal everted handles of circular section on the shoulder. Disc base. Ridge around the base of the neck. Decoration in red/brown/black and added white paint: five decorative zones on the body, framed by horizontal bands; in the upper three zones, series of running spirals; in the fourth zone, series of ivy leaves with stems; in the fifth zone, foliate band; also painted are the rim, the neck and the ridge, the handles and the lower part of the body and the disc base; details in white: thin lines on the neck zone, above and below the ridge, on the body bands and on the painted lower part of the body; traces of white paint on the handles, on the lip and the outer edge of the rim. Thera II, 37, fig. 22.

267. AIN 2160 (pl. 89b)

H. 0.535. D. rim 0.32. D. base 0.19.

Found in Sector A, room 16. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric, light brown/yellowish slip. Horizontal rounded rim. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Four horizontal everted handles of circular section on the shoulder. Disc base. On the lip of the rim four groups of holes (string holes?), opposite at right angles. Ridge around the middle height of the neck zone. Decoration in brown/black and added white paint, all much worn: spirals and ivy leaves with stems in-between the handles; triangular motifs under the handles; on the body, two decorative zones framed by two pairs of parallel horizontal bands; in the in upper, ivy leaves; in the lower, reeds; also painted are the rim and the neck; details added white: horizontal lines on the body bands.

464 268. AIN 5245 (pl. 92a, fig. 38) H. 0.60. D. rim 0.205. Found in the West House, room 6. Repairedand restored.Reddish fabric, yellowish/pink slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Tall cylindrical/funnel collar. Four horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Four horizontal ridges above the disc base and one around the base of the neck. Decoration in brown and added white paint: pairs of horizontal parallel bands, with series of dots in-between, define decorative zones on the body: from above, the first zone is filled with disc rosettes, the second with a complex motif consisting of hatched whirls, triangles, and rosettes, the third with spirals, the fourth with foliate band and the last above the ridges with a motif similar to "herringbone"; horizontal parallel bands, with series of dots in- between on the neck; vertical parallel strokes on the outer edge of the rim and on the neck ridge; bands in-between the ridges above the base; band at the junction of the body with the disc base, band around the outer edge and groups of parallel strokes on the surface of the disc base; also painted are the handles; details in white: horizontal lines and series of dots on and in-between the neck and body bands, lines in-between the lower ridges; the contours of some of the main motifs are emphasised; circles around the painted attachment points of the handles and possibly strokes on their upper surface; line on band at body-base junction and vertical parallel strokes on outer vertical edge of the disc of the base; traces of white on the lip of the rim and on outer vertical edge.

269. AIN 5997 (pl. 92b)

H. 0.64. D. rim 0.235. D. base 0.195. Found in the West House, room 7. Repairedand restored.Red/brown fabric, yellowish lustrous slip. Horizontal rim of square section. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Four horizontal handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Two ridges, under the rim and at the base of the neck, another four at the lower part of the body, and one of low relief on the surface of the disc base. Decoration in lustrous red/brown to black and added white paint: the

465 internal and external surface of the rim are painted all over; on the lip of the rim a group of three concentric semicircles in white paint is preserved; on the vertical external surface of the rim groups of vertical white parallel strokes; the neck is painted all over and two thin bands in white flank a broader white wavy band; the handles are painted all over; the beginning of the handles is encircled; on the maximum diameter of the body, zone with solid double axes, four between and four under the handles; the stem of the axes is formed by two vertical parallel wavy bands; on the upper part of the axes there are rosettes with simple stem formed by two vertical lines; semicircles on each side of the rosettes; crocuses and lilies plants stem from the base of the double axes which are between the handles; under the plants there are solid semicircles standing on a broad horizontal band, which defines the lower edge of the decorative zone with the axes; three parallel bands between the zone and the first of the lower ridges, with white wavy lines and elaborate "loops" motif on the second and the third; the lower part of the body with the ridges and the base are painted all over; white dots are visible on the outline of the double axes, and traces of white on the motifs and on the lower part of the body and the base.

270. AIN 7644 (pl. 91, fig. 39)

H. 0.539. D. rim 0.285. D. base 0.19. Found in Sector 47 (area south of Xeste 3). Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish/whitish slip. Tall cylindrical/funnel collar, thin horizontal rounded rim. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder, with deep incisions on the upper surface near their beginning. Disc base. Horizontal ridges, one on the neck below the rim, one around the base of the neck (above which the clay seam of the body/neck join is visible), and two on the lower part of the body above the base. Decoration in brown/red and orange paint: on the neck, painted broad upper zone, brown on the exterior, dark red on the interior, under which on the exterior orange band and brown band on the base of the neck ridge; two decorative zones on the body defined by bands: on the shoulder, at the level of the handles, series of solid centre spirals; under the handles, groups of curved vertical lines; on the body zone, series of pairs of

466 interlocking solid painted horizontal loop motifs (whorls); on the lower half of the body, broad horizontal band and four thinner, two brown and two orange,down to the level of the ridges, which are painted all over in brown; orange band between the ridges and the disc base, which is painted all over in brown; also painted are the handles.

271. AIN 8884

H. 0.52. D. rim 0.21/0.28. D. base 0.16. Found in Pillar Pit 25.

Repairedand restored.Light/brown fabric and slip. Thin horizontal flat rim. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Four horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Ridge at the base of the neck. Disc base. Decoration in red/brown and added white paint: horizontal bands on the neck and the ridge; in the main decorative zone, at the level of the handles, series of rosettes in circles with curved tangents (false running spiral) framed by bands above and below; small solid arcs standing or hanging from the bands; below, horizontal bands alternating with series of small solid crescent motifs, imitating foliate bands; horizontal bands on the lower part of the body; also painted is the rim; details in white: dots on the circles of the rosettes, some of the horizontal bands and the ridge of the neck; lines on some of the horizontal neck and body bands, around the attachment points of the handles, the base of the neck ridge and around the inner perimeter of the lip; groups of dots and parallel strokes on the lip of the rim; strokes on the upper surface of the handles.

272. AIN 1569

H. 0.638. D. rim 0.16/0.21. D. base 0.17. Found in Sector 0, room 9,1. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Thin rim with very low ledge around the inner perimeter of the lip. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section below the rim. Undecorated.

467 273. AIN 8580 (pl. 93) H. 0.445. D. rim 0.147. D. base0.136. Found in Pillar Pit 44A.

Repairedand restored.Light brown fabric and slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Cylindrical neck. Four vertical banded handles on the upper part of the body. "Ridge" around the base of the neck, it is actually a clay seam. High base of slightly projecting profile. Decoration in red/brown paint: on the neck, two parallel horizontal bands flank series of discs; on the upper part of the body, zone with reeds; on the lower part of the body, two groups of three parallel bands flank a group of four horizontal wavy bands; bands on the external and internal surface of the rim; on the lip of the rim series of discs; the handles are painted on the upper surface, where they also have a shallow groove.

468 VESSELS WITH UNRESTRICTED MOUTH

CONICAL TYPE BRIDGE- OR FALSE-SPOUTED

274. AIN 4919 (pl. 94) H. 0.94. D. rim 0.53/0.6. D. base0.27. Found in Sector A, room 17. Repaired and restored. Red fabric with large white inclusions, slip of the same colour. Flat, horizontal rim of square/trapezoidal section. Two horizontal, handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body, shortly under the rim, and one smaller vertical opposite the false bridge-spout. Undecorated. The colour of the surface varies from red to black due to firing.

469 MAINLAND GREECE

VESSELS WITH RESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

275. AIN 5226 (pl. 96)

H. 0.67. D. rim 0.235. Found in the West House.

Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric. Yellowish slip. Horizontal thin flat rim. Cylindrical neck. Two opposite horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another similar two on the maximum diameter of the body. Horizontal ridge around the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/black paint: bands around the edge of the rim, the base of the neck and the maximum diameter of the body; series of running spirals at the level of the upper handles; bands around the attachment points of the upper handles.

276. AIN 2599 (pl. 95a)

H. 0.455. D. rim 0.17. D. base 0.12. Found in Sector A, room 9. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal thin flat rim. Cylindrical neck. Two opposite horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another similar two on the maximum diameter of the body. Horizontal ridge around the base of the neck. Decoration in brown/red/black paint: bands around the ridge of the neck, three at the maximum diameter of the body; decorative zone at the level of the upper handles consisting of two pairs of horizontal parallel lines above and below, flanking series of solid opposite triangles; geometric "leaf-shaped" motif under the upper handles; also painted is the rim.

470 277. AIN 2485 (pl. 95b) Found in Dexion Pillar Pit 24.

Repairedand restored.Reddish fabric. Yellowish slip. Horizontal thin flat rim of square section. Cylindrical neck. Two opposite horizontal evertedhandles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another similar two on the maximum diameter of the body. Horizontal ridge around the base of the neck. Undecorated.

278. AIN 2488

H. 0.60. D. rim 0.20. D. base 0.11. Repairedand restored.Very fine light brown fabric, whitish slip. Flat rim. Cylindrical/funnel neck. Two pairs of horizontal handles of circular/oval sectionat different levels. Undecorated.

471 OTHER PROVENANCE

VESSELS WITH RESTRICTED MOUTH

OVOID TYPE

WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

279. AIN 1484 (pl. 97)

H. 0.8. D. rim 0.48/0.57. D. base 0.16. Found in Sector A, room 3,3. Repaired and restored. Grey/reddish fabric with gold mica and inclusions, brown/black slip (colour due to firing). Horizontal, thin, flat rim of square/rounded section, with ledge around the inner perimeter of the lip and four holes, possibly for the fitting of lid. Two opposite, horizontal, everted, crescent, vertically pierced lugs, placed on the upper part of the body, and two opposite vertical, banded handles in-between the lugs on a slightly higher level. Four parallel, horizontal ridges on the upper part of the body under the rim. Decoration in white worn paint: zone with running spirals on the upper part of the body, framed by wavy bands, one above and two below; band on the first and the fourth ridges.

280. AIN 6654 (pl. 98) H. 1.03. D. base 0.32. Found in Sector A.

Repaired and restored, but almost half part of the body and rim is missing. Red/grey fabric with white inclusions and gold mica. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs on the belly. Three or four pairs of horizontal ridges on the body, rope band at the base of the neck. Undecorated (?).

472 OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

281. AIN 6653 (pl. 99)

H. 0.99. D. rim 0.28/0.38. D. base 0.23. Found in the House of the Ladies.

Repaired and restored. Grey/brown to red fabric with inclusions and silver mica, slip of the same colour.

Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another three corresponding above the disc base. The external surface turned black to red due to firing. On the body, four parallel horizontal rope bands with incised vertical strokes, and a rope with circular impressions under the rim. Undecorated.

282. AIN 6473 (pl. 104)

H. 0.86. D. rim 0.25/0.325. D. base 0.20. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 3. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric with gold mica and white inclusions. Horizontal, flat rim of square/rounded section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder with circular impressions at their lower ends. Wavy rope band with circular impressions on the upper part of the body under the handles. Undecorated, colour variations on the surface due to firing.

283. AIN 6472 (pl. 100)

H. 0.865. D. rim 0.265/0.34. D. base 0.175. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 3. Repaired and restored. Brown/reddish fabric with gold mica. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder with circular impressions at their lower ends. On the body, five parallel horizontal low relief raised bands with vertical incisions, and a similar one

473 under the rim. Decoration in white thin paint: trickle patterns on the body stemming from the handles.

284. AIN 7181

H. pres. 0.583. D. rim 0.291. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 6.

Half part of the body is missing, the rest repaired and restored. Red/brown fabric with inclusions and gold mica, slip of the same colour. Horizontal flat rim of square/rounded section. Wavy rope band on the shoulder.

285. AIN 6444 (pl. 101)

H. 0.64. D. rim 0.16/0.22. D. base 0.24. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 4. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric. Thick rim of square section with ledge around the outer edge, possibly for the attachment of a lid. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Horizontal ridge at the base of the neck and wavy broad rope band with impressions on the upper part of the body under the handles. The surface is very worn, possibly originally decorated with trickle patterns.

OVOID TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

286. AIN 4855 (p1.102)

H. 0.82. D. rim 0.27/0.36. D. base 0.21. Found in Xeste 3, room 6. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with small white inclusions and gold mica. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Four vertical banded handles on the shoulder, with oval impressions at their lower ends, and two opposite similar at the lower part of

474 body. the Four groups of triple horizontal parallel ropes (with superimposedplastic discs); in the zone between the secondand the third group, a pair of horizontal similar wavy ropes runs around the maximum diameter of the body. Undecorated,external surfaceblack to brown due to firing.

287. AIN 7158 (pl. 103) H. 0.726. D. base 0.22.

Found in the House of the Ladies, room 4. Repaired and restored, but large part of the upper body and rim missing. Red/brown fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Horizontal flat rim of square/trapezoidal section. Low cylindrical neck. Two restored (originally four? ) vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Rope band around the base of the neck. Undecorated.

288. AIN 1483 (p1.104)

H. 0.80. D. rim 0.29. Found in Sector A, room 2,3. Repaired and restored. Grey/brown fabric with inclusions. Horizontal rim of square/rounded section. Low cylindrical neck. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder with oval impressions on their lower ends. Rope band around the base of the neck. Undecorated.

289. AIN 5392 (pl. 105, figs. 41A-B)

H. 0.87. D. rim 0.21/0.27. D. base 0.205. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric with white inclusions and gold mica. Tall cylindrical neck. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and another similar two above the base. On the body, seven parallel horizontal rope bands, four on the upper part and three above the base. Undecorated.

290. AIN 2164 (pl. 106a)

H. 0.605. D. rim 0.22. D. base0.20.

475 Found in Sector 0, room 16.

Repaired and restored. Light brown/pink fabric and slip. Thin horizontal flat rim of square section. Low cylindrical neck. Four vertical handles large of circular/oval section, two from the rim to the shoulder and two smaller on the shoulder. Decoration in brown paint: band on the neck; wavy band under the handles; four broad horizontal parallel bands on the belly and another band around the base; also painted are the rim, the attachment points of the handles and possibly also the handles.

291. AIN 2122 (pl. 106b)

H. 0.545. D. rim 0.20. D. base 0.21.

Found in Sector A, room 16. Repaired and restored. Light brown fabric, yellowish slip. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Low neck. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section placed on the shoulder. Rope band around the base of the neck. Decoration in red/brown paint: horizontal parallel bands on the body and around the base; also painted are the rim, the neck and the attachment points of the handles; oblique strokes on the handles.

292. AIN 5117 (pl. 107, fig. 40)

H. 0.64. D. rim 0.19. D. base 0.22. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric with small white inclusions. Low neck, rim not distinct. Two vertical, handles of circular/oval section from the neck to the shoulder. Undecorated.

PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR

293. AIN 7618 (pl. 108)

476 H. 0.539. D. rim 0.25. D. base0.175.

Found in Sector A, room I a.

Repaired and restored. Dark reddish fabric with gold mica. Horizontal flat rim of square section. Three vertical banded handles on the shoulder. Two horizontal bands parallel rope with circular impressions under the rim. Undecorated.

294. AIN 1487

H. 0.56. D. rim 0.23. Found in Sector A, room 2,3. Almost intact. Reddish/brown fabric and slip. Horizontal rounded rim. Two vertical and two horizontal handles on the shoulder, all missing. Undecorated.

295. AIN 1480

H. 0.64. D. rim 0.15/0.245. Found in Sector A. room 2,1. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric and slip. Horizontal, flat rim of square section. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section below the rim with circular impressions at their attachment points. Decoration in brown with added white worn paint: the external surface, the rim and the handles are painted all over in brown; on the body, white plants with flower buds.

296. AIN 7436

H. 0.392. D. rim 0.182. D. base 0.162. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 2. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric with gold mica. Very low thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

297. AIN 7437

477 H. 0.38. D. rim 0.182. D. base0.16. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 2. Repairedand restored.Reddish fabric with gold mica. low Very thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

298. AIN 7439 H. 0.38. D. rim 0.21. D. base0.16. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 2. Repairedand restored.Reddish fabric with gold mica. Very low thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

299. AIN 7438

H. 0.40. D. rim 0.20. D. base 0.17. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 2. Repairedand restored.Reddish fabric with gold mica. Very low thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder.Undecorated.

300. AIN 4802

H. 0.43. D. rim 0.21. D. base 0.14. Found in the West House, room 6. Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric. Very low thin rim. Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder.Undecorated.

301. AIN 5265 H. 0.42. D. base0.14.

Found in the West House, room 6.

Repaired and restored. Reddish fabric.

478 Very low thin Two horizontal rim. everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder.Undecorated.

302. AIN 1578 H. 0.48. D. rim 0.22/0.26. D. base0.18. Found in Sector A, room 9,1.

Repaired and restored. Red fabric with white inclusions and gold mica. Very low thin rim. Two horizontal handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

303. AIN 2128

H. 0.43. D. rim 0.20/0.22. D. base 0.13.

Found in Sector 0, room 16, near the east wall. Repaired and restored. Brown/red fabric with little gold mica. Very low thin rim. Two horizontal handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Possibly painted all over in brown.

304. AIN 6743

H. 0.405. D. rim 0.23. D. base 0.13. Found in the House of the Ladies, room 7, ground floor. Repaired and restored. Brown fabric with inclusions, slip of the same colour. Very low thin rim. Two horizontal handles of circular/oval section, placed on the upper part of the body.

305. AIN 5668

H. 0.65. D. rim 0.25. D. base 0.15. Found in the West House, room 3y. Repaired and restored. Red fabric with large inclusions and silver mica, slip of the same colour. Very low rim. Three vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

479 PIRIFORM TYPE

WITH NARROW MOUTH HIGH COLLAR

306. AIN 7575 H. 0.435. D. 0.235. D. base0.115 rim . Found in Sector A, room I a.

Repaired and restored. Brown/grey fabric with inclusions.

Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal, crescent, vertically pierced lugs on the shoulder. Two opposite knobs in-between the lugs. Undecorated.

307. AIN 8959

H. 0.417. D. rim 0.223. D. base 0.115. Found in Pillar Pit 58.

Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with white inclusions, slip of the same colour. Funnel-shaped collar. Two horizontal crescent lugs, one missing. Two opposite knobs in-between the handles. Undecorated (with possible traces of black paint). Traces of burning.

308. AIN 2161

H. 0.403. D. rim 0.23. D. base 0.17. Found in Sector 0, room 16. Repaired and restored. Reddish/brown fabric with gold mica, slip of the same colour. Horizontal flat rim. Low neck. Three horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated.

309. AIN 2125 (pl. 108b)

H. 0.38. D. rim 0.172. D. base 0.13.

Found in Sector 0, room 16.

Repaired and restored. Red/brown fabric with white inclusions and little gold mica.

480 Two horizontal everted handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder and two horizontal crescenton the belly. Rope band around the baseof the neck. Decoration in brown/black and added white paint: the external surface is painted all over in brown/black; on the shoulder, decorative zone, framed by the neck rope band and two horizontal parallel white bands on the maximum diameter, filled with series of white circles with three solid white discs inside; white band at the lower part of the body abovethe base; white bands on the neck, the outer edge of the rim and the attachment points of the handles.

310. AIN 2114

H. 0.39. D. rim 0.18/0.13. D. base 0.14.

Found in Sector 0, room 16, southwest part. Repaired and restored. Red/brown fabric with white inclusions and gold mica. Thin horizontal flat rim of square/rounded section. Four vertical handles of circular/oval section on the shoulder. Undecorated. The colour of the outer surface varies due to firing.

481 VESSELS WITH UNRESTRICTED MOUTH

CONICAL TYPE

HIGH COLLAR

311. AIN 5261 (pl. 110a) H. 0.46. D. rim 0.29. D. base0.12. No information on the fmdspot. Repairedand restored.Brown fabric with inclusions. High cylindrical collar. Two horizontal crescent lugs, immediately under the junction of the collar to the body. Undecorated.

312. AIN 4112 (pl. 11Ob)

H. 0.45. D. rim 0.29. D. base 0.12. No information exists on the findspot. Repairedand restored.Brown fabric with inclusions. High cylindrical collar. Two horizontal crescent lugs, immediately under the junction of the collar to the body. Undecorated.

482 APPENDIX III

THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR STORAGE ON THE GROUND AND UPPER FLOORS OF THE BUILDINGS OF THE SETTLEMENT

The archaeologicaldata presentedbelow derive from the excavation reports (Thera I- VII and PAE 1975 onwards) and the excavation notebooks.The nature of the storage function in each case and storage patterns in general are discussedin the relevant sectionsof chapters4 and 5.

A. Ground floor areas

The area nowadays called Sector A394 or Pithoi Storeroom ("Ano8 Kn Tc)v ni&ov"), is located in the northernmost part of the excavated area. Adjacent to the west is a building called the "Western Quarter" (only partly excavated), and the tunnels dug in the volcanic layers by Marinatos during the first stages of the excavation. The rooms of Sector A are numbered 1-3 from south to north. Inside the rooms, numbers were also given to distinguish three sections, from east to west (1-3)395 The architectural remains belong to a ground floor area packed with storage vessels396(fig. 6, pls. 144- 145; note that some of the pithoi shown in the photographs were not found in Sector A. but were stored in this area of the site after they were restored; most of the pithoi have now been transferred in the apothekes of the site).

Room 1 had a column supporting the floor of the upper storey and a corresponding one on the upper floor, as is evidenced by the two stone bases found in the ground

394See the relevant sections in Thera I, II and III. 395 According to this numbering system we refer in this study to the eastern part of room 1 as 1,1, to the part in the middle area of the room as 1,2 and to the western part as 1,3, and so on for the other two rooms. 396Although there is evidence for the existence of an upper storey (e.g. a fallen column base in room 1) not much is preserved of it. Marinatos notes (Thera II, 16) that the ancient bed of the torrent was about 5.50m. higher than the floor of the magazine. Erosion from the torrent may have swept away the remains of the upper storey. It was also stated during the excavation that the fill of the upper layers consisted of ash while the layers in which the ruins lay were everywhere of pumice.

483 floor area. There is broad in a window the east wall of this room, the sill of which thin At base consists of slabs. the of the southern jamb of the window there is a base found semicircular stone in situ, which would possibly support a wooden half- column397

Six in pithoi were arranged a row along the southern wall of the room, possibly by supported or enclosed in a structure398.Amphorae and a big jug were found in front jars. These of the vessels initially stood on the floor. A pithos with ripple pattern in horizontal bands (CN 75) was found 0.70m above the floor, lying horizontally, almost at the same level with the window sill. This pithos, together with many loom-weights also found both inside the jar399 and beside it, and some small pots, must have fallen from the upper floor.

To the west side of the room there is a low rectangular structure consisting of several layers of clay, with traces of fire, possibly a hearth. On the structure stood vessels (coarse, thick-walled, one-handled tall mugs, and a small pithos with funnel-shaped collar) and beside it a large cooking pot, a stone mortar and a grinding stone400;a kidney shaped stone basin was found embedded in the floor to the south of the "hearth". To the west of the "hearth", there is a small room (w. 0.80m, 1.1.85m, entrance w. 0.55M)401 The entrance is to the south, where the threshold was found. At a distance of 0.80m south of the threshold, 2 steps lead to another level (0.30m. higher from the floor) to the southwest corner of room 1. This area is paved and it must have been the antechamber to room 1, with access possibly from the south. There is a

397 However, see Palyvou 1999a, 393, footnote 664, where the evidence for the existence of this wooden column is contested. 398There is evidence for the existence of upright wooden stakes, a trace of which is still preserved in the pumice in front of the third jar of the row; the hole is 0.08m. broad and 0.80m. deep. In Thera I, 24, Marinatos suggeststhat the beam belonged to one of the looms which existed in the ground floor as well as in the upper floor, but in Thera II, 19, he attributes the beam to the structure of a partition wall made of unbakedbricks. There was possibly a seventh pithos to the west end of the row. 399Thera I, fig. 27. 400Thera I, 27-28, fig. 34. 401 This small room could have been a staircaseproviding accessto the upper floor (Prof. C. Doumas, pers. comm.), however, the area is badly damaged and it is doubtful whether there will ever be conclusive evidencefor this and other interpretations in Sector A.

484 "bathtub" in this room402,a feature which appearsto be common in antechambersin Sherds the settlement. were found in the antechamber.At a distance of 0.62m. to the lower eastof the step towards room 1, there is a north-south oblong shallow channelin the floor (w. 0.20m.) of unknown function.

Three more large jars were found in the central (north) part of the floor, which had apparently fallen horizontally and parallel and were badly broken (CN 54, CN 55, CN 56). A circular clay lid must have belonged to one of them. All three contained a black fatty organic substance. Beyond them to the east on the floor lay loomweights and a large stone mortar (found inverted with grinding stone underneath). Smaller vases were found on the floor: three amphorae, a large skyphos, a small spouted jar with floral decoration in white and a large beaked jug with plastic knobs.

Room 2 communicates with room 1 through a door in the east side of its southern wall. Two circular holes were found in the floor on the inside part of the jambs of the entrance. The floor of room 2 is 0.20m. lower than the floor of room 1. The entrance to the room was blocked by a heap of pots laid there. The east wall is preservedat a height of 2.45m. from the floor level and has two windows (northern h. 0.84m., w. 1.25m., southern, immediately to the right from the entrance, w. 0.70m., h. 0.84m. )403 From the northern jamb of the southern window a clay partition wall (w. 0.1Om., h. pres. 1.15m., 1.1.65m. ) runs parallel to the southern wall of the room. The floor of the eastern part of room was made of crushed murex shells and black pebbles with clay plaster as bonding material. Almost at the middle of the room there are two cupboards aligned north-south, made of clay and small stones and facing east, paved with one slab each. The western part of the room is divided by two low clay partition walls of east-west direction into 3 compartments inside which heaps of pots were found. Holes of circular section (0.1 Om. wide) are found in a vertical position in the partition walls

402Doumas (1990b, 28) notes that inside the houses,a large vessel (pithos or "bathtub") for storing water is always found next to the hearth installation, a precaution indicative of experienceof fire. 403 r The north window of A2 and the window of Al are Palyvou's type with intermediate upright wooden supports,see Palyvou 1999a, 385, footnote 665, and Thera II, pl. 20,2, Thera III, pl. 4,1.

485 (probably wooden Along stakes). the western wall there is a low bench (h. 0.15m., w. 0.35m. in average).

A large found amount of pottery was either in situ or fallen from the upper floor or from Only shelves. some of the vases are mentioned below. Almost all the stone found vessels and tools were in situ on the floor, either standing upright or upside down (lamps, spouted grinders, pressing bowls and tripod utensils). The whole fill, from bottom the rim to the of the uncovered large jars, was full of smaller pots. A row of seven vases was placed along the sill of the northern window of the eastern wall (two globular ewers, two pitchers, a globular vase with wide mouth, two nippled ewers).

Two groups of vessels were distinguished: one, of small vases and jars, was near the door to room 1 and the other in the corresponding (western) corner of the room. In the eastern sector of the room a series of small jugs and small vessels was found at different levels (up to one meter from the floor). Pithoi and other vessels were found near the south wall. Pithoi CN 288, CN 34, CN 67, CN 142, CN 65, CN 71 were found in this room. A pithos by the south wall contained vessels (a strainer, a bowl, a vessel with tubular spout). A pithos was found in the southwest corner (h. 0.80m.). Three pithoi were found near the northwest corner of the room; two of them originally contained organic material. Adjacent to the west wall there was a plain pithos whose stone lid had slipped outwards (CN 294). A few vessels were also found on the bench which runs along the west wall and in front of the fitting.

In area 2,2, in the middle of the room, there are two cupboards facing east (see 4.3). A small rectangular clay chest (1.0.40m., w. 0.26m., h. 0.21m.) was found in the southern of the two cupboards. It had a lid of plaster, the broken pieces of which had fallen into the vessel (possibly from a decorated wall or floor). On this lid was found a one-handled brown painted cup, and behind this another with a spout (decorated with vetches); in front of the chest, on the floor, there was a small two-handled jar. In the

486 adjacent cupboard to the north two lead weights were placed on the paving slab404, indicating possibly the place of a set of scales.To the west of the cupboardsa rhyton in the shape of a lion's head was found on the floor. Not far from the lion's head but higher rhyton, on a level, were the lower parts of two plain vases containing snails.

In room 3 clay and stone vessels were found mostly in situ. In 3,1 (east part of the room) small vessels were found in disorder against the east wall high in the fill. On a kind of recess of the wall at the same height a clay cooking pot with missing feet and a spout was lying upside-down. There is a slab on the floor of the recess, which may indicate that originally a pithos stood there. The floor was made of beaten earth and small pebbles. Pithoi were found standing in situ in 3,1 (one is AIN 93, with white lilies and organic material inside (barley flour? ) and a clay figurine 405) Another pithos with red spirals (not inventoried, CN 205) and a strainer also come from this part. Many different small clay vases, sherds of conical cups and an unusual number of stone vessels were found (tripod mortar, a small clay jar with rope decoration, stone lamps). Between the pithoi parts of clay partition walls were found, in east-west and north-south directions (these are approximately 0.10m broad and their preserved

height ranges between 0.85m. -1.07m. from the floor), possibly for the accommodation of the vessels. In addition, at the west part of the floor there were holes, possibly from stakes. Between two pithoi there is a gap where another pithos must have been placed, and the circular traces of the bases of at least six more pithoi were identified on the floor (these pithoi were possibly removed by the inhabitants before the final destruction). In the same area, a round hole (0.16m diam. 0.40m depth) was found containing sherds.

In 3,2 (middle part of the room) more vessels were found; one had a ribbed vase as a lid. Two heaps of small handleless cups were also found.

404Thera 11,22, pl. 19,1. during Thera II, 26,37-38, 24.1, 405The clay figurine "disappeared", possibly decomposed washing, pls. 24.2.

487 In the western section of the room (3,3) the floor was found at a much lower level (0.52m.). The surface of the floor of this area is irregular, made of small stones.There is in front door from a step of the room 3 to room 2. Along the north and the west 3,3 walls of area there are slabs, where pithoi may have stood, with their lower parts in embedded a low built structure. At least 15 large vessels, mostly in fragments, including large pithoi (two of which are still standing in situ, CN 260 and CN 50) and many smaller vessels were found in 3,3, especially globular ewers in disorder, standing upright. A thin stone slab was placed as a lid on one of the pithoi (CN 260). Marinatos observes that "it is impossible to accommodateeven half of them within this narrow space.One would supposethat the vaseswere put partly broken there and, in some instances,it is certain that they were placed the one inside the other" (Thera III, 12). Some featuresare presentedbelow, to demonstratethe prevailing situation:

Between two of the pithoi there was probably a clay partition wall. A pithos was found in the northwest corner. Its base was on top of a stone slab, apparently the cover of another pithos, which was found 0.10m. lower, at a distance of 0.50m. from the western wall and 0.35m. from the northern wall, inside which a stirrup jar (h. 0.40m.) was found. A pithos was found in a depth of 1.10m. from the lip of another pithos. Sherds and bones, some of which burnt, and a cooking pot were found during the cleaning of the area of the pithoi; inside one of the pithoi, traces of a carbonised

substance were found at a depth of 0.60m. -0.70m. It is difficult to associate the fmds, due to the pele-mele situation and the different depths they were recovered. (The vessels which were restored and catalogued from this part of the room are CN 35, CN 48, CN 176, CN 279, CN 28, CN 190, CN 27, CN 22, CN 21, CN 23, CN 8; it is worth

noting that these are some of the largest vessels found so far in the site).

In the Western Quarter complex, room 2406,pithoi were found, possibly in the ground floor area, but details of their fmdspots are not clear from the excavation reports (pithoi from this room included in the catalogue: CN 19, CN 111, CN 112, CN 224, CN 228).

406Thera 11,31; Thera III, 11-12.

488 In Sector B (fig. 3), floor the ground of room B 1407is an oblong storeroomwith built structures along the south and the north wall, in which pithoi were incorporated in (pl. 151). There rows is a door opening to the east408.Details are presentedin the sectionexamining the fittings (4.3).

The ground floor of room B2409 did not correspond to the upper storey, since the northern part of the room had been separated by a poorly constructed wall (w. 0.75m.) running east-west at a distance of 1.1Om. and parallel to the north wall, thus forming a narrow corridor. This wall was uncovered at a depth of 0.75m. from the highest point of the west wall. Therefore, the column in the ground floor was no longer situated at the centre of the room, but near the separating wall. The base of the column of the first floor rested on two or three broad beams, which belonged to the substratum of the floor whereas no stone base was found on the ground floor area; the column rested probably on a built base made of three slabs; the base protrudes slightly from the level 41o of the floor The floor of the room was full of cooking-pots, drinking vessels and very few utensils of other shapes (pl. 146). At the western part of the room, at a depth of 1.90m. from the highest point of the west wall a pile of more than 50 tripod cooking pots was uncovered. They were made of brown or red/brown clay and varied in size. Most of them still have traces of fire on their surface. They had been placed upright, upside-down, sideways or one inside the other.

At the southeast corner of the room and along the east wall, at a depth of 1.90m. from the highest point of the west wall, small vessels (cups of various types, few jugs), a few cooking pots and sherds of big vessels (pithoi) were found in the destruction layer. The corridor formed by the east-west separating wall and the north wall of the room found from few (0.80m. -0.90m. wide) was practically empty apart a sherds and some grinding pebbles.

407Thera VII, 17-19, fig. 1, p1s.24-25a, 26a. 408Palyvou 1999a, 277, notes that accessto this room was made through this door to the east and not via a in Thera IV, 31. wooden stair from the upper floor as Marinatos had suggested 409Thera VII, 19-21, pls 27a, 28. 410Palyvou 1999a, 234.

489 Room B6 (Room of the Monke x)411has been severely damaged by the torrent. At the

southwest corner of room the erosion has left clear traces and the stratigraphy is very characteristic. The uppermost layer consists of beaten earth with many holes; they are the traces of the beams of the floor of the upper storey. The print of a horizontal beam is also visible. The thickness of the layer is 0.20m. to 0.25m. There follows a layer of

fine sand, 0.50m. -0.70m. thick, and beneath it another layer of very fine mud, 0.40m. to 0.45m. thick. Half of the lip of a jar is embedded between the two layers. Finally, the lowermost layer, the only one belonging to the original destruction, consists of fine pumice and ranges from 0.12m. to 0.20m. in thickness. Fragments of frescoes and slabs were found along the north wall fallen from the upper storey. Many vases (beaked jugs, miniature bowls, imported vases) were found in the floor of the room, 412 which was made of soft earth. A pithos with rope relief pattern (AIN 561) was found adjacent to the eastern wall of the room at a distance of 1.10m. from the southeast corner. Traces of clay bricks were found. Inside the pithos a fruitstand, a fragment of plaster, a small pebble and a fragment of a stone object have been found, but this type of content seems to be quite accidental. To the west of the wall, at a found, is distance of 0.26m. -0.30m., near the point where the pithos was there a stone, which might have been used to support the pithos. A pithos was found placed obliquely with direction from south to north, at a distance of 0.80m. from the east wall and 1.50m. from the north wall. Near the west wall of the room there was a semi- found spherical cavity of the floor in form of a bothros. Within it some pebbles were and a fragment of a stone drain.

Room B7413is an area completely destroyed by the torrent. A group of vessels was have found in a bad state of preservation but it is not possible to a clear picture of the areaunder these circumstances.

411Thera III, 35-6, pis. 29,2,30. ateThera III, pl. 57,1. 413Thera IV, 33.

490 By the southeastcorner of room B8, (depth 1.05m. from the surfaceof the threshold of the door, by the northeast corner) the rim of a pithos was uncovered,probably in situ. At distance 0.25m. a of and adjacentto the south wall, (depth 1.20m. from the surface of the threshold of the door), another pithos was found in pieces. Between the two but higher pithoi on a level a broken pot and the lower part of a conical rhyton were found.

In Sector F (fig. 5), in room r4a414 the debris was cleared below the threshold of the

door leading from 174ato 177(first floor). The lips of two great jars appeared along the south wall. One of them was decorated with great red spirals. The pithoi were standing on the floor of the ground floor area, while sherds of other smaller vases were found, which must have fallen from above. The two pithoi, still in situ, were possibly protected by a small wall running parallel to the south wall at a distance of 0.70m. from it. Part of the internal south facade of this small wall, built of small stones, was found at the same height as the second of the above-mentioned pithoi. The wall extended towards the southwest corner. At this point it was at a distance of 0.45m. from the south wall and at a depth of 1.30m. from the surface of the threshold.

In Sector A (fig. 2), room A1415was separated in the ground floor by a wall running east-west, on which the polythyron of the upper floor was based. The southern

compartment in the ground floor is Ala (dimensions 7.15m. east-west X 3.40m. - 3.60m. north-south) and it communicates with the northern compartment through a door in the eastern side of the median wall. Through two doors on the south wall the

room communicates with rooms to the south. In Ala the remains of two built pillars were found (bases for wooden columns? ). At a distance of 1.50m. from the east wall and 1.1Om. from the south wall a mass of carbonised substance was found, literally suspended in the volcanic ash fill of the room, at a height of 1.1Om. from the floor. This mass (0.50m. XO.30m., thickness 0.10m. ) could be the remains of goods put into a found sack and suspended from the ceiling of the room. A small built hearth was

414Thera III, 47, pl. 43,1. 415PAE 1975,224-227; PAE 1993,180-1, p1.107a; PAE 1994,160-1.

491 to the adjacent middle part of the west wall. Adjacent to the north side of the hearth in the northwest "bathtub" corner of the room a was found. Over seventy vessels were in the room (pithoi CN 217, CN 216, CN 4, CN 5, CN 82, AIN 7587, CN 293, CN 55, CN 17, CN 103, A48 not inventoried, AIN 7587, small pithoi with funnel-shaped collar, AIN 7561, AIN 7562, AIN 7565, CN 306, AIN 7560, AIN 7559, AIN 7558, AIN 7557, AIN 7464, AIN 7457, AIN 7271, AIN 7190, Keftiou cups, small bridge- spouted pithoi, amphorae, bowls and ewers). Some pithoi and large jars contained barley flour (Sarpaki 2001,33, table 1); another pithos contained two bronze scale talents and the traces of a basket.

A large number of vessels was found in room A2416,the walls of which were decorated with the spring fresco (pl. 149). It is a small room and it was found filled with impure volcanic ash. A shelf made of plaster was found running along the south, west and north walls. A plaster cast of a wooden bed (possibly originally made from olive wood, Sarpaki 1987) was retrieved from the south part of the room, along the south wall. Piles of pots were found in the northwest corner of the room, in a space 1.20m. south of the northwest corner and 0.60m. from the west wall to the east, at a depth of 1.60m from the top of the west wall. Vessels (from south to the north): nippled eyed ewer, inverted incense burner, inverted tripod vessel, north of which there was an inverted one-handled bowl, under which a ewer with white reeds on black was found, an inverted cup; near the base of the ewer an one-handled cup inverted on a similar one with ripple pattern, an inverted tripod cooking pot 0.35m. from the west wall and another similar to the northwest (both with carbonised material found underneath) were found; near the first cooking pot there is an inverted cup, to the northwest of which there is another similar. More vessels were found when the pile of the northwest corner was removed (originally on a shelf?, depth 1.75 from the top of the west wall): mainly cups, bowls and juglets (at least 19 vessels and 5 incense burners). The vessels were found on yellow plaster and traces of the shapes of the vessels were left on the plaster. A bronze sickle was found in the ash on the west wall. A pithos was found in situ at the west side of the room, 1.80m. from the south wall-painting and 0.50m. from

416 Thera IV, 20-25.

492 h. 1.07m., the north, with a clay lid (CN 207, with organic material inside). Another found in pile of pots was the southeast corner, at a space of 0.48m. from the south wall to the north and 0.32m. from the east wall to the west, at a depth of 1.70m. from the top of the west wall (two bowls, one inside the other, an inverted conical cup, near the inverted east wall an cup). More vessels were found during the removal of the vessels of the southeast corner (depth 1.92m.): conical cups, one inside a tall conical vessel, three more vessels along the south wall. In the southeast corner a pithos with spirals was found (CN 209) and a small pithos with three handles.

The last layer of vessels along the west wall comprises the following vases (from south): amphora with oval shaped mouth and spirals, small pithoi, a semi-globular cup and an incense burner. In the northwest corner what was thought as a "niche" was later identified as an entrance passage to the north compartment, found packed with vessels; the ceiling was covered with red plaster.

Vessels under the bed: three amphoras with oval-shaped mouth, a three-handled small pithos (CN 90), an amphora with oval shaped mouth, two similar with circles with discs, an amphora with a fruitstand as a lid, a ewer with spirals, three other vessels, one-handled skyphoi, one inside the other, a tripod cup, two bridge-spouted skyphoi, conical cups and many more vessels which were not removed.

The "cellar" of room A3417is an underground room with at least one of its sides (the east) cut into the rock. The rock is further hewn in the northeast corner, where it forms a kind of vaulted niche or passage; the entrance was blocked by heaps of vessels, a very large number of which also covered the floor. Under the fallen flagstones of the upper floor bronze vessels were found gathered closely together (three ewers and two baking trays). Remains of an organic substance found on the belly of one of the ewers may indicate that the vessels were wrapped in a thick cloth (a sack?) or a thin straw mat.

417Thera IV, 17-18.

493 The floor A9418 ground area of room was covered all over with pottery of various kinds, in especially cups great numbers, many of which imported, and medium-sized jugs. It is vessels such as possible that the smaller vessels fell from shelves. It is that large jars found reported no were in this room. Vessels were found on the sill (on the external side) of the larger window of the eastern wall (among which four flower pots, two cooking pots, a conical rhyton).

The ground floor of room 09,1419 was full of vases closely stacked one above the other, mostly along the east and the south walls. By the south wall there were dozens of local and imported one-handled cups. A Syrian amphora with a conical cup as a lid was found, as also other amphorae and ewers. The skeleton of a pig was uncovered on the floor of the room. (Pithoi from A9,1 restored and included in the catalogue: CN 40, CN 276, CN 92, CN 272, CN 262, CN 242, CN 302, CN 93, CN 174, CN 160, CN 203).

Room 016420is an exceptionally large room. A stone column base lies in the centre of the ground floor area. There is a broad window on the west wall. The room was filled with volcanic ash. Heaps of pottery, mostly broken, and other objects of stone and metal were found along the walls of the room, in the corners and around the column base. Doumas notes that the room contained more than 450 vases, grouped in various categories (e. g. fineware, imported vessels)421. Some of the objects could have been

standing on shelves along the walls. The bases of large jars were found regularly

placed on the floor and almost all contained seeds, flour or other organic matter. A

cluster of 18 small Minoan askoi and other small vases were found in the bottom of a

fragmentary jar. In another lower part of a pithos fragments of little bronze

implements were found. A hoard of stone vases was discovered in the southwest

corner of the room, among which were a stone lamp, a little marble basin, a calyx-vase

of steatite and a sculptured lid of alabaster. Also from the room come bronze vessels, a

418Thera V, 25-26,pls. 45-50a. 419Thera VII, 15-16, pls. 18b, 19,20. 420 Thera V, 20-22, pls. 28b, 29-37a.

494 marble chalice, triton two shells and ostrich-egg vases. (Pithoi restored from A16 and included in the catalogue: CN 78, CN 310, CN 291, CN 96, CN 39, CN 309, CN 141, CN 146, CN 303, CN 267, CN 308, CN 290, CN 100, CN 237, CN 250, CN 251, CN 1, CN 2, CN 206).

Room 017422 divided by was a thick coarse wall into two compartments. The south hoard compartment contained a of all sorts of vases and implements piled up within this large narrow space, among which a number of pithoi and medium sized jars, one land in its with snails preserved lower part, ewers, bridge-spouted skyphoi, a clay table lilies, of offerings with white a rhyton in the shape of a boar's head, a twin vessel, bronze tools and hooks. (Pithoi restored from A17 and included in the catalogue: CN 265, CN 168, CN 169, CN 68, CN 159, CN 239, CN 33, CN 156, CN 155, CN 240, CN 97, CN 172, CN 11, CN 189, CN 37, CN 274, CN 36, CN 210, CN 136, CN 98,

CN 166, CN 137, CN 45, CN 52, CN 46, CN 43, CN 227, CN 213; the last two vessels are reported to have been found on the first floor).

The ground floor areas of rooms Al8a and Al8b423 were found filled with impure volcanic ash, which had penetrated together with the water of the torrent. In the fill of the rooms many traces of objects made of organic materials were retrieved (baskets, wooden chests, leather vessel and wooden furniture) and a large number of clay vessels, among which pithoi and two "bathtubs" and also an alabaster rhyton, an alabaster small amphora and small bronze vessels and implements. (Pithoi included in the catalogue: CN 140, CN 194, CN 115, CN 221).

In the West House (fig. 7a, pl. 142), the ground floor area of room 3424is divided by a wall running north-south into two parts (door at the SE corner leading to areas 1-2, the staircase). The eastern part is called 3A, while the western part was divided by a

smaller wall running east-west into two parts (the north is 3B and the south is 3I').

421 Based on this evidence and also on architectural features of the room, Doumas suggeststhat it might have functioned as a shop (1983, and discussion notes in Koehl 1990,362). 422 Thera VII, 13-15, pls. 13-17. 423PAE 1993,181-3, pls. 109-114; PAE 1994,162-3, pl. 89; PAE 1995,127-130.

495 Room 3I' communicates only with room 5 through a window in the west wall. It is that the possible room was not accessible, and possibly also out of use, during the last habitation 425 phase . Room 3A: A "bathtub" (AIN 4825) was found near the northeast corner of the room, its long side adjacent to the east wall. It is decorated on the internal surface with dolphins. Four layers of beaten earth (Al-A4, subsequent floor levels?) have been in identified room 3A. A layer of clay 0.07m thick was put round the walls of the "bathtub"; it seems that it was structured so as to stabilise the "bathtub". The "bathtub" was probably first put in situ and was surrounded by the clay and then the floor A4 (lowest) was constructed. It is possible that the layer of clay was originally put up to the mouth of the "bathtub" but we cannot be sure because part of it was excavated earlier and removed. Until the phase that corresponds to the floor A2 the "bathtub" was in use. Traces of white plaster were found inside the vessel. When the last floor of the room (Al) was constructed the "bathtub" was filled in with stones, earth, sherds, loomweights, etc. Over all this material the last layer of clay was put. Along the west wall of the room there is a built platform, which was a milling installation (dimensions: 1.2.30m., w. 0.76m., h. 0.40-0.56m. ). Three oblong stone grinding tools were found lying on the slabs which formed the upper surface. In the south part of the room there is a thick layer of ash mixed with earth and very few sherds. Room 3I': In the northwest corner of this room there was a large ovoid pithos with decoration with dolphins and birds on one side and bull with goats on the other was found (CN 10). Inside the pithos a stone vessel was found, which probably fell from the upper floor. Also inside the pithos, fragments of pithoi with funnel-shaped collar were found. In one of them remains of organic material were found. In the northwest

corner of room 31Fa standing small pithos was found with funnel-shaped collar (CN 123), which was shut by another smaller, whose mouth was shut by a skyphos. There was also a small undecorated pithos (CN 305). Other vessels include amphorae (two of which are large, 0.43m. and 0.50m. ), more than 30 cups, 6 one-handled cups, more

424PAE 1979,263-4; PAE 1980,289-291. 425Cf. Michailidou 1991,26-27.

496 than 15 jugs and other spoutedvessels, 6 skyphoi, a strainer, a rhyton, a fruitstand and other small vessels. Also in the fill of this room was found the stone base of the column which supported the ceiling of room 3 in the upper floor.

The floor ground area of room 4426lay deeper than that of room 5 and room 3I'. A kind "cellar" of was therefore formed (after the reconstruction of the house which followed the early LCI seismic destruction), amply lit and ventilated by the last window to the west of the facade towards the Triangle Square and by two windows on the west wall. Two large stone steps connected the ground floor of room 5 with this "cellar", which seems to have been an area associated with food processing and cooking. On the floor of the room were found a few amphorae, four Vapheio cups, two broken cooking pots, a bowl and many stone tools (pebbles, hammers or grinders, and a mortar made of andesite stone)427.Large vessels include a pithos with tubular spout near the base (CN 51), a pithos with wide mouth and relief rings near the middle of the west wall, another pithos, which was by the steps of the southeast corner and a large amphora (h. 0.48m) found in the southeast corner of the room.

In the ground floor area of room 5 of the West House428storage vessels and minor ware were found mainly accumulated along the north, east and south walls (pl. 147a). The pottery found along the south wall had suffered the greatest damage.

The vessels as found on the ground floor of room 5 are as follows: Along the south wall and south side of the room: Pithos CN 72 in the southeast corner; small pithos AIN 4670, with funnel-shaped collar, which contained seeds and a basket; a pithos with tubular spout near the base (decoration vertical double circles with cross), whose base was supported by a rectangular stone (dimensions 0.17X0.33m. ) at the north side and by an ignibrite stone at the east side; fragments of a pithos which

426Thera VI, 29-30. kitchen little 427Marinatos suggested (Thera VI, 29-30) that this area was the and at the same time a bowl (whitish workshop of metallurgy, as he interpreted the contents of one cooking pot and the substance) from lead This interpretation is as the product of cupellation technique for extracting silver the minerals. industrial in the building. also acceptedby N. Marinatos (1983,17), who associates with religious activities However, the evidence is limited for the identification of a proper workshop.

497 contained seeds and remains of a woven object; two open vessels; fragments of a vessel which contained organic substance; fragments of a small pithos, which containedseeds; fragments of an open vessel and an oval-mouth amphora.

In the north-northeast-central part of the room: conical pithos CN 199, which contained smaller vessels (9 skyphoi, 14 one-handled cups, some in sherds; 2 ewers; 2 small amphorae; 2 small bridge-spouted vessels; fragments of a spouted vessel; fragments of a red painted vessel and fragments of other vessels); piriform pithos CN 113 in front of the south jamb of the east door, inside which a one-handled cup and fragments of a cup and a coarse vessels were found, fallen from above; behind this pithos and near the east wall there was a woven vessel; this pithos was supported by an oblong stone, placed parallel to the east wall of the room; fragments of a piriform pithos (dis. 2.15 from the west wall), with traces of organic material inside, on top of which traces of a woven object were found, possibly a basket; ovoid pithos CN 38; fragments of pithos with trickle decoration (CN 259), with organic material inside; small pithos, with funnel shaped collar, around which a group of smaller vessels was clustered, largely damaged by fallen stones; under the latter pithos two lower parts of vessels with organic substance were found, one of which is piriform pithos CN 88; near the east wall fragments of a large cylindrical pithos decorated with spirals, CN 235, which contained a small conical cup; another pithos, undecorated; three small pithoi with funnel shaped mouth; piriform pithos CN 108 with organic substance inside; lower part of a large vessel AIN 7031; in the northeast corner of the room a pithos was found in fragments, CN 66, with a smaller pithos inverted in its mouth; it seems that the west side of the base of the pithos was standing on (or was supported by) a stone vessel; sherds of a conical pithos (CN 200) were found under the fragments of the fresco of one of the fishermen; another conical pithos (CN 198), floor big pithos CN 110, pithos CN 73 and adjacent to the west wall standing on the a inside. (Small cylindrical pithos CN 211, with a thin layer of organic material pithoi AIN 7033, AIN 7077, AIN with funnel-shaped collar from this room: AIN 4231, 7079, AIN 6822).

428Thera VI, 24, pl. 43.

498 Also the floor on of the room were found many small vessels(over 20 skyphoi, over 40 handleless conical and decoratedcups, ca. 10 one-handledcups, 5 Vapheio cups, 1 feeding-bottle, over 10 spouted vessels,over 10 ewers, one of which is 0.63m. high, 2 jars, 8 stirrup ca. amphorae of different dimensions, a strainer, a lamp, and a flowerpot). Many of those vesselsbelong to the ground floor material, although some have fallen from must the upper floor, especially those found in the centre of the room, since the floor of the upper storey was mostly preserved along the walls (with the exception of the south part) and sunk in the middle.

In the ground floor area of room 6 of the West House there is a difference of 0.30m. between the floor level of the west part and the east part of the room; these were two different rooms separated by a north-south wall in a previous phase. In the northwest corner of the room, fragments of pithos CN 109 were found, with organic material inside; its mouth was shut by another vessel; it was found standing on a rectangular ignibrite stone (dim. 0.33m. X 0.31m. X 0.28m. ), the two sides of which were in contact with the north and the west wall; at a distance of 0.65m. from the north wall and 0.65m. from the west wall there was pithos CN 275 with decoration of spirals, still standing, the mouth of which was shut by a spouted pot; remains of seeds were found inside in layers of sand and thin earth, which entered the pot through the rainwater; at a distance of 1.20m. to the south of the north wall and at a distance of 0.47m. from the west wall there was another standing piriform pithos with organic material inside; its mouth was shut by a spouted pot; it was standing on a circular slab (diam. 0.32m. ); a small pithos with funnel shaped mouth CN 147; a cluster of small pithoi (more than 10) with funnel shaped collar (CN 130 with organic substance inside, mouth shut by a ewer), at a distance of 0.85m. to the southeast of the doorjamb; the cluster extends to a length of 1.25m. from the south wall; most of these vessels bear traces of fire externally; two pithoi with tubular spout near the base, CN 52 (h. 1.28m.) and CN 175 and a large pithos with rope relief decoration. It is possible that the following vessels fell from the upper floor: piriform pithoi CN 104, CN 105; two small decorated pithoi CN 134 and CN 129; small pithoi CN 77, CN 292.

499 In the east part of the room: at a distance of 1.15m from the north wall the mouth of a large CN 229 pithos was uncovered (d. 2.50m); the pithos was broken by the stones fell from that the southeast corner of the room; inside the pithos there was a stirrup jar decoration with of spirals and crocus; adjacent to the north wall at a distance of 1.35m. from the northeast corner fragments of a big pithos CN 15 were found; this pithos was uncovered during the excavation for the Dexion Pillar Pit 24; a small pithos with funnel shaped collar CN 126, whose mouth was shut by a ewer; a large pithos CN 47; another pithos with funnel shaped collar, shut by a nippled ewer, and slightly inclined to the south; another pithos was found adjacent to the south side of the latter with its mouth upwards; a bridge-spouted pithos with its spout towards the north; finally, a large "bathtub" was found (AIN 5871) near the southeast corner of the room.

In the House of the Ladies (fig. 10), in the ground floor of room 3429large storage vessels were found along the walls of the room, fallen in a horizontal position with mouth to the north, broken as the floor of the upper storey and other material fell on them (pithoi, some with their slabstone circular lids, CN 253, CN 254, CN 283, CN 282, CN 241, AIN 6657, CN 247, CN 249 and also broad-mouthed ewers). Most of the pithoi were originally standing along the south wall, and possibly in a double row. The last pithos to the west was found at a distance of 1.60m. from the east wall. After its removal, the base of a clay brick was found, which was sunk into the floor of the room. More clay brick fragments were found further to the west. It seems that there existed originally a clay brick wall, which secluded partly the west part of the room, by forming a narrow corridor ca. 0.70m. wide.

In room 4 of the House of the Ladies43oa group of vessels was found near the centre of the room and along the north wall (tripod cooking pot, cups, ewers, pithos CN 54, two fireboxes, a libation table). A small decorated pithos was found near the centre of the south wall.

429PAE 1987,249; PAE 1990,228, p1s. 136-139.

500 A large part of the ground floor area of room 5 of the House of the Ladies431 (dimensions: 4.70m. X 1.80m.) was filled with sand from the torrent. Only two pithoi (CN 257, CN 258) were found in situ standing on the floor of the room.

The found in fill objects the of the ground floor area of room 6 of the House of the Ladies could have fallen from the upper storey. These are amphoras,bridge-spouted funnel-shaped jar, ewers, collar pithos (CN 120), tripod cooking pot, cups, fruitstand, flowerpots and a pithos. No exact details of the findspots of pithoi CN 124, CN 264, CN 284 were given ("destruction layer", possibly from the upper floor).

The ground floor of room 7 of the House of the Ladies432 was covered with grey stone slabs. Pure volcanic ash had filled the room and the top parts of piles of vessels appeared at a height of almost 0.80m. above the slab pavement. Heaps of pottery were found placed along the walls and in the corners of the room (mostly ewers of different sizes, conical rhyta, one handled cups and funnel-mouthed small pithoi, among which CN 121, CN 138 and CN 304). Some vessels had been stored one inside another, others upside down and others were still stoppered with pebbles, minor vases, disc- shaped sherds and rarely corks of clay (pl. 147b). Along the north wall of the room there is a built bench, the surface of which is lined with slabs. On this bench and in the space in front of it many large vessels were found (ewers, cups and two cylindrical objects made of unfired clay on the bench, and large ewers in front of it).

Two pithoi are reported to have been found in room 9 of the House of the Ladies (the lightwell), CN 255, possibly originally standing on the floor, and CN 180, found in fragments in the fill.

433 In Xeste 3 (fig. 8a, pl. 143), in the ground floor of room 6 two pithoi with rope relief decoration were found still standing upright but broken (CN 24, CN 286) (pl.

430PAE 1990,229, pl. 141a. 431PAE 1992,180, pl. 73. 432Thera VI, 10-11, pls. 7a, 8-1Oa;PAE 1990,230-1, pl. 142. 433Thera VII, 23-24, pls. 36-37a; PAE 1979,261.

501 148). In one of the pithoi a triton shell was found and in another there was organic material and the sherds of a stirrup jar. Clay vessels (ewers, two stirrup jars) and stone vessels and tools were found on the floor and also a carbonised object, which may have been a wooden dish.

In the ground floor of room 7 of Xeste 3434two pithoi were found, one broken lying on the floor, the other broken but still standing on the polythyron of the east wall.

In room 13 of Xeste 3435(internal dimensions 2.30m. X 3.00m.) a pithos (CN 125), six beak-spoutedjugs, a fruitstand and few other vesselswere found, but it is not certain 436 whether they belong to the ground or the first floor area

434PAE 1981,326-327. aasPAE 1975,222-223, p1s. 194-195. 436Michailidou 1991,246.

502 B. Upper floor areas

In Sector B (fig. 4), the upper floor of room 1437is divided in two by a partition wall running east-west. On the north wall of the room a large window opened onto the The courtyard. room is accessiblefrom the east through a double door. The partition defines wall a narrow space in the south side of the room (B l a), which was further divided by transverseclay walls into three compartments(repositories) (pls. 153-154). The west part of the main room (B 1) was also separatedby a clay wall (B 1ß). There is a cupboard in the main room on the south wall (pl. 158). Details of these fittings are presentedin 4.3.

The upper floor of room B2438was paved with flagstones. This room, almost square (5m. by 5m. ), is interesting in that its floor, although partially sunk, remained at its actual place. The stone base of a wooden column was found almost exactly at the centre of the room. The slabs of the floor were thin, and sometimes of a fairly good size. They were found broken and partly sunk. The room was found with all its pottery intact. The biggest vases, pithoi, jars and strainers were around the column. Some of the vases were standing, others upside-down and others had been thrown down by the earthquake just before the eruption. A strainer the size of a jar with its lid was found. Small pots were found together with the larger (a nippled ewer with swallows, a kymbe with dolphins) and a large number of stone vessels and tools.

On the evidence for the upper floor areas of Sector A see the section above for the ground floor areasof rooms 1-3 and Michailidou 1991,192-193, for the attribution of objects to the upper floors of these rooms.

On the level of the upper floor of room 3 of the Western Quarter439an overturned in imported pithos with spirals (CN 266) was found and another two with rope patterns in first the northeast corner (fragments still in situ). The room had a central column the

437Thera IV, 28-33. 438Thera II, 13-15, pls. 8-9. 439Thera II, 31, pl. 30,3.

503 floor, in while the ground floor a median wall running east-west was uncovered (information from the excavation of Pillar Pit 74). One ovoid pithos with spirals was found in the ground floor and many more small vessels (cups, conical rhyta, tripod cooking, eyed jug).

Sector A, In on the upper floor of room A1440there was a polythyron structure. Five door jambs have stone been preserved in a line running east-west, at a distance of approx. 0.90m. from each other. Four pithoi, embedded in pumice, were found in- between the jambs, placed originally under the door frames of the structure (pl. 166). Pithos 1, with rope relief patterns, was found between the westernmost door-post and the door-post next to it. Pithos 2, decorated with large white lilies (CN 222), was found between the following door-posts to the east. The next door was clear and the last was obstructed by pithoi 3 (CN 244) and 4 (with spiral decoration). A large upright slab (0.64m. XO.41 m. ) had fallen and stuck between pithoi 3 and 4. In the lower part of pithos 3 small spherical seeds were identified and inside pithos 4 there was a substance resembling flour, a fragmentary little bone, traces of charcoal and a fragment of millstone. An upright clay separation (possibly a fallen clay brick) is mentioned to exist between pithoi 3,4 and another vessel 5, of which only the lower half was preserved. The remains of a sixth vessel were found, and beside it lay another spherical vessel in which there was a stone pestle. Near the west wall of the room there was a heap of loomweights (in front of a window sill? ).

Adjacent to the west wall of the upper floor of room A8a441three rectangular clay chests were found broken but in situ (pl. 133). They contained mainly volcanic ash and sand (a small jug is still in situ).

Three large pithoi were found in room A11442but they were not fully revealed and the excavation did not reach the level of the floor (upper storey?).

440Thera IV, 18-20. 441PAE 1993,181, p1.108a; PAE 1994,161-2.

504 Room A13`43 (upper storey?) is reported to have been "packed with loom-weights". In the there room were also a cupboard in the north wall (pl. 160) and a niche in the south wall (pl. 163b).

Groups of small and larger vessels and other items are usually reported to have been found in the fill of rooms, fallen from upper storeys. We here A4444 mention rooms , jars, where amphoras and ewers were found, 47445,where dozens of small handleless

cups in a layer east of a structure designated as "hearth" were found, Lj8 and A8a446,

where vessels and a large group of lead weights were found, and A3447,where the upper floor above the cellar was packed with vessels among which there was also a pithos.

In the West House (fig. 7b), in room 4, two broad-mouthed jars (CN 202, CN 171) were still in situ and they were still filled with plaster ready to be used. The jars (0.45m. and 0.52m. high) were found standing in the southeast corner of the room (4a, the lavatory). The vessels had cracks, but due to the fact that they were filled up to the middle with plaster, they did not fall apart in pieces. Next to the jars a one-handled cup, a pestle and two pebbles were found.

In room 6 of the West House448a large number of conical cups together with other vessels (such as oval-mouth amphorae) were found in heaps, mainly in the northeast corner (p1.150a). Along the west wall of the room two pithoi were found built in a bench structure. A large group of lead weights also comes from this room.

442Thera IV, 27, pl. 48b. 443Thera IV, 27, pl. 50a. 444Thera IV, 14, pl. 15b, 16a. 445Thera IV, 14-5, pl. 17. A8" 26, 46b) heap 446Thera IV, 16, pl. 87b. Also in the "area in front of (Thera IV, pl. a of cylindrical broken found, but the pierced objects made of soft matter, together with vessels and utensils, was situation be is described as "a chaotic pole-mele of a layer of ruins" so we cannot sure about their original position. 44'Thera IV, 16-17, pl. 20a. 448Thera VI, 21, pls. 33b, 34,35b; PAE 1978,220.

505 Series of wooden shelves, possible traces of which were identified on the eastern have wa11449,must originally stood on the east wall, as suggestedfrom the large number of conical cups and other small vesselsfound in the fill, fallen almost adjacent to the east wall. The pile of the fallen cups was revealed at a depth of 0.50m. from the upper surface of the east wall and continued to a depth of 1.80m. The cups appearedto be inside stored one the other450More than 160 conical cups and 250 smaller conical (h. 0.04m.) cups ca. were found. The rest of the smaller vesselsfallen from the upper floor were mainly one-handledcups (more than 100), ewers (over 40), spoutedvessels (over 20), skyphoi (more than 15) and a few amphorae.

Sherds from 5 small bridge-spouted pithoi and a big fragment of pithos CN 70 (h. 0.44m.) were found in the southeast corner. It seems that this pithos contained Cycladic skyphoi because fragments of the same pithos were found in a deeper level in a pile together with the fragments of the skyphoi. The thickness of the pile of the skyphoi is 0.45m. The lower part of a pithos with organic material inside was found

towards the north side of the east wall (d. 1.70m.-1.80m. ). The lower part of a pithos, found in the "ridge" of the southwest corner, also contained a big quantity of organic material. Next to this pithos to the south, another pithos was found, covered with a stone lid, which was not at its original position. A small quantity of organic material was found inside. The lower parts of the two pithoi were stabilised in a built structure, made of small stones and mud, parallel to the west wall (dimensions w. 0.60m, 1.pres. 0.98m., max pres. h. 0.25m. ). Between the two pithoi a small quantity of organic material was found in a cavity in the wall. The following pithoi were found in the fill of the ground floor area, but they must have fallen from the first floor451:CN 300, CN 268 in the southeast corner, CN 289, northeast corner, the mouth of which is shut by a bridge-spouted cylindrical vessel, small pithos with funnel shaped collar CN 127.

"9 Michailidou suggeststhat the conical cups were originally placed on two shelves at different heights on the easternwall of the room (1991,67,77). 450 in 2 Conical cups must have been commonly stored in upright stacks, when large quantities, cf. room of 1987,150). the House of the Ladies, room 2, Building 2, at Palaikastro (MacGillivray et al. 451Michailidou 1991,72-75.

506 It should be also mentioned that more than four hundred loomweights come from the first floor rooms of the West House, especially room 3. These were found fallen in groups452

In the House Ladies, first of the the floor of room 1453was divided by a wall running north-south made of ashlar masonry. The length of the wall is approximately 1.30m. The forms east compartment a kind of vestibule. In its northwest corner a hoard of handlelessbowls was found. The main room to the west contains four repositories(fig. 11, pls. 155-156, seediscussion in 4.3).

floor The second area of room 1 of the House of the Ladies was possibly divided by a clay wall into two parts454 To the eastern part belongs the wall painting of the Ladies, while to the west part belongs the wall painting of the Papyri. The floor of the room was paved with volcanic schist slabs. Pithos CN 192 was found inverted on the slabs of the second floor, near the north wall; also to this level must belong a rhyton and two other small vessels.

On the first floor of room 2 of the House of the Ladies455more than four hundred vessels were found, most of which in groups of similar types, intact and almost in their original positions (pl. 150b). The largest vases were placed one beside the other, while the smaller ones one inside the other. Over three hundred of them are conical cups, which were stored in upright piles according to size near the northwest corner of the room and along the west side of the north wall. Some of those piles were based into semi-globular cups. Near the conical cups piles other vessels were found, such as tripod cooking pots, "Cycladic" skyphoi, one inside the other, a bridge-spouted jar and

452According to Michailidou (1991,105), they could have been placed originally on shelves in room 3 or they could have fallen from the open spaceon the roof of the building, if this spacewas utilised for relevant activities. 453Thera V, 11-15, pls. 5-7. 454Michailidou (1991,136-146) discusses the evidence for the existence of a clay brick partition wall, which was decorated with wall-paintings on both facades.Doumas (1992b, 33-35) refers to the existence of Ladies a "small partition wall at right angles to its north side" and attributes the wall-paintings of the to the north, south and possibly the east walls of the eastern compartment and the Papyri wall-painting to the south, west and north walls of the western compartment. 455PAE 1987,247-9; PAE 1990,224-8, pls. 132-135a.

507 In the a ewer. northwest corner of the room a group of fruitstands was found. Among the the rest of vesselswere a pithos with relief bands (CN 252) standing at the eastern the part of room, near which there were oval-mouthed amphorae,ewers, nippled ewers and juglets, fruitstands, a bridge-spouted pithos, bridge-spouted jars, flowerpots, conical cups, conical rhyta. At the southwestpart of the room an amphorawith white spirals and two large ewers were found.

On the first floor of room 3 of the House of the Ladies456vessels were stored in groups of similar types: conical cups in the south-southeast part, tripod cooking pots, amphora and cups in the southwest part, tripod cooking pot and two ribbed vases in the northwest part, and tripod cooking pots, cups and six ribbed vases in the northeast part.

In room 4 of the House of the Ladies457we have a most interesting case of a pithos, which was originally standing on the second floor among other vessels, such as a stirrup jar and two eyed beaked ewers.

The unfinished red marble jar (pl. 131) was found in room 6 of the House of the Ladies, (most probably at the level of the second floor).

The first floor of room 7 of the House of the Ladies458had two deep niches in the west wall, the northern of which was found filled with 13 vessels (conical rhyta, flowerpots and cups), found placed orderly in horizontal series. The floor, the sides and the ceiling of the niche were covered with clay plaster. The slabs of the floor of the second floor had fallen almost in vertical position in front of the northeast and northwest corners of the first floor area, where they enclosed small vessels, originally standing been beaten on the floor. The floor of the first floor area must have made of earth459

ashPAE 1987,249, p1.170. aspPAE 1987,249-251. 458Thera VI, 9-10, pls. 3b, 4,6; PAE 1990,230-1. 459Michailidou 1991,154, discussestwo alternatives: either that both the floors of the first floor and the floor floor for second floor areas were slabed or that only the of the second area was slabed, and she opts the second.

508 and it had sunk the A heap handleless at centre. of small bowls was uncovered on the floor at the middle the of south wall. Mainly small vessels were found in this storey (conical rhyta, flowerpots and nippled ewers).

The lower the parts of walls and parts of the slabbed floor of the second floor of room 7 the House Ladies of of the are preserved. Rooms 6 and 7 must have communicated the level the floor at of second through a polythyron structure46o Finds attributed to leve1461 found in this were volcanic ash of the upper strata or fallen in the fill at lower levels. These filled are: a ewer with lime and a kymbe decorated with land and sea fauna flora and are mentioned; also possibly four cylindrical pithoi found in the ash layer at an early stage of the dig (CN 231, CN 230, CN 233, CN 232); this might also be for the case three more pithoi (CN 195, CN 114, AIN 3221), which were found in upper strata of the destruction layer. One of the pithoi may have contained cups.

From the first floor of room 8 of the House of the Ladies462comes a considerable number of vessels (pithoi, CN 49, cooking pots, skyphoi, rhyta, cups, ewers).

On the first floor of room 10 of Xeste 3463four pithoi were found embedded in a built structure along the west wall (fig. 9, pl. 152).

The floor of the upper storey of room 11 of Xeste 3464(internal dimensions 3.30m. X 3.1Om. ) fell almost horizontally and very low inside the ground floor area, so that most of the objects found in the fill of the ground floor actually belong to the first or even the second floor area46sDozens of clay vesselswere found, among which two pithoi, amphorae, jugs, conical rhyta, flowerpots, as well as stone vessels and other small objects.

460Michailidou 1991,152. 46' For the reasons of the attribution of some of these vessels to the second floor level see Michailidou 1991,155-156. 462PAE 1987,252-3. 463PAE 1981,327. 464PAE 1979,263.

509 On the first floor of room 12 of Xeste 3466(internal dimensions 2.80m.-3.00m. X 3.00m.) along the east wall two pithoi were found fallen following the inclination of the wall, and fragments of more pithoi were found in the southwest corner. There is evidence for pithoi built in a bench at their lower parts.

465Michailidou 1991,244-245. 466PAE 1975,221-222, pl. 193b.

510 APPENDIX IV

STORAGE IN THE PREHISTORIC AEGEAN: A BRIEF REVIEW OF THE EVIDENCE

This brief presentation of storage facilities as attested in a diachronic sequence in the Aegean area is only hinting at the wide diversity and implications of storage patterns and the associated socio-economic systems. We emphasise that we do not adopt an evolutionary perspective in the presentation; rather, it is our aim to demonstrate that the different forms the storage facilities assume are socially and culturally conditioned and may vary considerably in nature and scale in contemporary sites. Akrotiri is an example of a complex society adopting storage strategies on household level, as the evidence suggests so far. The evidence for storage function in the prehistoric Aegean is reviewed below through the attested storage facilities, generally divided into three categories: artefacts/containers, such as pottery, built facilities with designated functions, such as bothroi, and areas/buildings with distinct architecture and features to serve storage purposes, such as magazines.

Artefacts/containers can be distinguished according to material. Pithoi were the most

commonly used vessels for storage of both solid and liquid production, manufactured in different shapes and sizes, occasionally exquisitely decorated. Jars, amphorae and Big clay chests must have been also broadly used for storage purposes. wooden baskets vessels, resembling modem barrels, wooden chests, and sacks made of textiles in are also evidenced. Bothroi, clay bins formed the ground, underground structures built in built lined with stone masonry or slabs, shelves and cupboards the walls, big benches, occasionally adapted for the support of storage vessels, vessels found features inside submerged up to a point into the ground, are as permanent or is by direct or outside a building. Their use for storage purposes suggested either inference. Use to indirect archaeological evidence or by was probably not restricted benches), is it that all the features one function (e. g. the multiple uses of nor plausible bins) intended for similar predetermined use. of the same kind (e. g. the were a

511 Magazines, storerooms, cisterns, granaries, cellars fall into the category of either detachedbuildings with architecture specially conceivedfor storagepurposes or rooms with features adaptedto accommodatestored goods (Treuil 1996). Large buildings are commonly associated with centralised/community storage, in which cases the appropriational patterns should be considered, while rooms designated for storage purposesexisted in most households,frequently combined with cooking facilities and food-processing installations. The close proximity of storagebuildings to housesis a rather common feature in settlements.The location and possible connectionof storage facilities with religious and workshop areas is a pattern that needs to be examined contextually in each case.

Patterns of accessibility of storage facilities can be significant as indicators of the social organisation of a community. Magazines and even large storehouses are normally built within the boundaries of the settlement, for protection against raids and to facilitate the administration process by the authority in charge. At the household level, access to storerooms is not necessarily restricted to any of the members of the household, but the administration of the goods must have been conducted by the head for of the household, who also bears the main responsibility the well-being of the rest facilities have been of the members. At the community level, access to storage must It is restricted, depending on the type of economic system. usually a group of people or a single person that administers, through representatives, the circulation of goods food for different purposes, such as allocation of raw materials to workshops, rations, for The equipment for religious purposes, quantities of goods exchange etc. most vivid Linear B tablets (Chadwick 1972; picture of this operation is provided through the Ventris and Chadwick 1973).

Following the distinctions in storage facilities stated above, a general outline of from different periods in the storagepractices and some observationson the evidence below. prehistoric Aegean are presented

512 NEOLITHIC PERIOD

The use of pithoi and large jars is attested from the EN onwards. Treuil (1996,75) in observes that Crete jars are placed in clay structures in the houses, often by the hearth. Traces of receptacles made of perishable materials are not attested in the archaeological record but they most probably existed (cf. Treuil et al. 1989,157). Large clay fittings, mostly square in shape, are found built into the floor of houses already in EN (e.g. Knossos, Sesklo). There appears to be no building entirely dedicated to storage, unless a small circular building at Saliagos served this purpose (Evans and Renfrew 1968). Buildings in Sesklo B form tight clusters, in some of which facilities exist for storage and food processing, normally distributed in separate rooms. Stone-built platforms are associated with storage vessels. In Dimini, in each of the four main domestic areas or "courtyard groups" there is a large building and a number of storage and/or food preparation facilities. Storage facilities were abundant in houses at Pefkakia.

EARLY BRONZE AGE

Pithoi and large jars are commonly used in the settlements. They are either placed in small compartments or they are aligned along the wall (Thermi) or on a bench. The vessels either simply stand on the ground (Thermi), or they are placed on stands (Myrtos) or they are partially submerged into the ground (Voidokoilia). At Paroikia Rubensohn (1917) identified a series of four small rooms as storerooms, based on the No presence of a number of large vessels found standing along the walls. traces exist of receptacles made of perishable material in this period.

facilities in Early Minoan In Crete, representative evidence for storage and storage the Fournou Koryfi (Warren 1972; for period comes from the settlement at Myrtos, a is by to be functional analysis of space Whitelaw 1983). This suggested the excavator in designated for the settlement of a small farming community, which areas storage, identified. Storage facilities include built fittings workshop activities and cult were

513 (benches, stone platforms) on which vessels could have stood, pot stands (natural slabs of limestone bases from or re-used clay pithoi or lekanai, or re-used potter's turn- tables) spread over the lined room or along the wall, cupboards or bins built with flat upright, slabs, single or with two compartments for the storage of pottery (Warren 1972,259). These cupboards in conceptual terms can indeed be the first documented form identified later of what we as repositories and cubicles of stone for the storage of Also Myrtos, into pottery. at pits cut the rock may have been used as storage pits. In total, from the second period of occupation (EMIIB) a minimum of forty-four pithoi, fifty-two jars piriform and twenty-eight large amphorae provide important evidence for function storage and economic life in the settlement. The evidence suggests that subsistence storage facilities usually functioned in association with food processing/preparation activities in the same areas. Similar life patterns are identified in the EMII settlement at Trypeti, south Crete; a particular characteristic in the houses is the use of side rooms, narrower than the central rectangular room, as storerooms entered from above (Vasilakis 1989). Storerooms (including small storage annexes to larger rooms) and a large number of pithoi have been identified in EMIIB houses at Vasiliki (Zois 1976).

A very common feature, mainly in the mainland settlements of this period, is the presence of a large number of bothroi, occasionally clay lined (Orchomenos, Zygouries, Aghios Kosmas, Thermi, Troy). Clay fittings in the houses continue to exist. However, no bothroi have been found on Crete or in the Cyclades. Strasser suggests that if the bothroi were indeed silos, then their distribution could indicate different household storage patterns between Crete and the Cyclades on one hand and the Mainland on the other (Strasser 1995,334; 1999467).According to Rutter (1993, 19,29-30) we do not have evidence so far for the stockpiling of large quantities of empty ceramic containers in storage facilities in EH sites as a preliminary to their distribution/trade, not even in the Corridor Houses (he considers the ceramics found in the House of Tiles in Lerna of a ceremonial rather than commercial function).

514 It is in probably this period that buildings designed for storage purposes are first being built. Very large circular buildings as at Orchomenos and at Tiryns, without any indication of the existence of a door, have long been considered by scholars to be (silos). granaries The lower part is built in stone masonry while the superstructure is built of sun-dried clay bricks. They are compared in form to an ECII stone vase from Melos. The "Rundbau" at Tiryns is a building of massive proportions (diameter about 28m., thickness of the outer wall 1.8m.). Tiles were used on the roof. The building was divided by concentric ring walls and cross-walls into small compartments on two storeys (for its possible function as granary see Kilian 1986,68-69). The evidence for the "Rundbauten" at Orchomenos and the circular building B at Eutresis is equivocal (granaries or houses, they are examined by Strasser 1997,83-84, together with the Rundbau at Tiryns and the form of the Phylakopi vessel). Another example is a large building in Poliochni, which is considered to be a granary. Hood excavated a system of parallel channels at Emporio on Chios (Hood 1981,138-141). Red plaster had been used to line the built sides and the bottoms of the channels. He suggeststhat this is part of a granary, with close-set parallel walls supporting raised floors, and compares the Emporio structure (dated probably in Period IV) with similar structures in Thermi I and II, MBA Argissa (Gremnos) and Saliagos. However, Wiencke (1989,505) believes that "large-scale storage of food for major redistribution and sustenance of significant numbers of people engaged in non-agricultural activities has not been proven for EHII (... ) Perhaps it is unlikely that any large complex EBA building would have had a single purpose, but grain storage could have been one purpose among several for the Rundbau", a view also shared by Pullen (1986,82,84), who states that there is lack of large scale storage in EH period. Wiencke (1989,505) also notes that while pithoi and "pithoid bothroi" have been found at Lerna, no good evidence exists for the number of pithoi found within the House of the Tiles.

into (by 467Strasser (1999) suggests that storage does not initiate a cultural trajectory a state comparison

515 MIDDLE BRONZE AGE

Pithoi and large jars are commonly used during this period as well, but evidence of for the Mainland context is poor compared to that in Crete. In mainland Greece storage jars found are usually in the apsidal part of houses, which is also used for cooking Storage purposes. facilities in various forms are reported as being abundant in houses, e.g. at Pefkakia (phases 2-6), Aigina ("Pithoshaus"), Eutresis. However, Dickinson

notes that there is no clear evidence for large-scale storage facilities in MH/Early Mycenaean period (Dickinson 1989,131, and footnote 3). In Crete, at the beginning of the Middle Bronze Age there is evidence for storage in individual houses (e.g. houses A, B, and C in Knossos West Court, where several large pithoi were found, Chamaizi, Myrtos/Pyrgos). The remarkable underground construction of the "Hypogaeum" underlying the south entrance of the first palace at Knossos could have been used as a storehouse (Momigliano 1991,195-8, discusses the date, plausibly MMIA, and refers to possible functions); it has a capacity of 600 cubic meters and it could have held as much as 300-400 tons of grain (Halstead 1981,198). The massively walled Keep near the north entrance of the Knossos palace could have been used for storage (Branigan 1992, on possible functions and date of construction in MMIB). A silo-like structure (kouloura) dated to MMIA/MMIB found next to a building at Agia Photia and two additional similar structures built after the abandonment of the building in MMII were identified as places for storage (Tsipopoulou 1988). In the Protopalatial period storage vessels are manufactured sometimes in large sizes and quantities, and they are kept in houses, occasionally in specially designated rooms, and in the palace magazines. Large "kaselles" in the palace magazines were also used to supplement storage capacity for commodities as also probably the "Temple Repositories" at Knossos prior to their final fill-in. It has been also suggested that grain could have been just heaped

on the floor, based on evidence from Knossos and Phaistos that grain was stored in in damp this way on the upper floor, the "piano nobile", perhaps order to avoid (Renfrew 1972,291-2). No traces exist of receptacles made of perishable material.

in Mainland Greece in Crete). between aspectsof storage patterns and

516 Bothroi continue to in exist mainland Greece but they are very rare. In Crete, the issue of the exact use the "kouloures" of in Knossos and Phaistos is still debated among scholars, while there be seems to a more general agreement that the circular structures the at southwest of the palace at Malia must have been granaries (Treuil 1996; Strasser 1997; Halstead 1997).

In individual houses, rooms are reserved in the smaller houses for storage purposes, in bigger while the ones, sectors are specially designed and conveniently equipped for storage of occasionally large scale (Malia: Quartier Mu, Monasteraki). The long magazines with corridors found in the palaces constitute the enlarged version of the same practice. It is also important to note the existence of large groups of seals, sealings and tablets (Malia: Quartier Mu, Phaistos, Monasteraki) for administration purposes.

LATE BRONZE AGE

Storage in large pithoi continues in the magazines of the Minoan palaces and also in the Minoan "villas" and in individual houses (for the storage facilities see Begg 1975 and for an extended discussion of storage in the Neopalatial period see Christakis 1999a and 1999b). Corn bins have been identified at Nirou Hani. At Ayia Irini, Keos, House A was fitted with storerooms and storage facilities. There is not much evidence for the Early Mycenaean period on the Mainland. In the Mycenaean palaces storage areas are common both in the citadels (magazines in Tiryns, the Granary at Mycenae during the Postpalatial period) and outside in individual houses (e.g. The House of the Wine Merchant and the House of the Oil Merchant at Mycenae). In the palace of Pylos storerooms in the northeast quarter contained numerous jars and pithoi, some set into benches along the walls, associated with the storage of liquids, especially olive oil and wine (Palmer 1994). A small circular structure to the north of the palace may have been a small granary. The citadel of Gla is a unique case of a construction where (the facilities mainly serve storage purposes and administration storage capacity of the 2,000 lakovidis 1983). It is that rooms is estimated to be at least tons, worth noting

517 raw materials were found stored in quantities in the Mycenaean palaces and that Linear B tablets as records of fmished and/or stored products have been found in specialised storage contexts, providing important information for commodities of perishable material (liquids, wool, textiles etc).

It is possible that grain was also stored in unbaked clay bins, as for instance in the East Basement of "The Granary" at Mycenae. At Assiros Toumba, the fire which destroyed the settlement of phase 6 (LBA, ca. 1150-1100B. C. ) helped to preserve several large storage containers, of wicker, or of clay mixed with chaff (Wardle 1987). In phase 9 (LBA, ca. 1300BC) two large rooms were used for subsistence storage, with a third that was at least partly similarly used; 45 cubic metres of crops were found stored in pithoi, baskets and clay bins in an area of 75 sq. m., "exceptional evidence about the nature of a small rural community in late bronze age Greece" (Wardle 1987,329).

518 APPENDIX V

AN ETHNOGRAPHIC PARALLEL: SUBSISTENCE STORAGE IN MODERN SANTORINI

Relevant information life island on the on the of Santorini in a pre-industrial period from comes mainly two sources: the accounts of travellers in the 18th and 19th centuries and the accounts of local inhabitants, especially elderly people.

Bent (1885) gives a characteristic description of the island and island life: "The soil is very light and thin, consisting chiefly of crumbled pumice: it seems favourable for the growth of nothing save the grape: in fact, the slopes of Santorin form one vast vineyard. (ibid., 105-106). They (the locals) always weave the tendrils of their vines into circles... Wine is exported to Russia and England... Seventy different kinds of grapes (are cultivated). (ibid., 121). There is not enough barley grown to support a quarter of the inhabitants, there is not nearly straw enough for the mules, which deficiency is supplied by giving them the soft shoots of the vines to eat, whereas the extraneous branches are given to the hens. Every article of clothing and every household utensil come from without; even water in years of drought has to be fetched from the neighbouring islands. Every where we passed (there were) cisterns excavated in the ground and coated with cement. Some of these are thirty to forty yards in circumference, for Santorin is almost waterless except for that collected in these cisterns. Every house has its own cistern, and public ones are kept at the expense of the community at fitting intervals along the roadsides. Only three natural springs exist on the island (ibid., 122).

Bent (1885) cites subsistence storage patterns in other Cycladic islands as follows: Andros. "Part of the pig they salt, and part they cut up into little bits, and cover with keep for pig's fat in earthenware jars: this they a whole year, and eat as occasion requires". (ibid., 273)

519 Keos. " lakkoi (there are) (pits), in which the farmers, who have no granaries, store their grain. The holes are dug near a threshing floor, and when the grain is ready they it in, having put first been careful to cover the inside with straw. When sufficient grain has been form piled up to a sort of cone-shaped mound they cover the whole with straw, and put on the top of this some of the stiff native brushwood and then they

cover their mound with earth. Rain never penetrates these storehouses, and if it does it

is sucked up by the brushwood and the straw before reaching the grain. This is of course a very ancient method of storing grain. It is used in none of the Cyclades except

Keos now, where, by the side of every threshing floor, we saw two or three lakkoi, which the ancient husbandmen of Greece called siroi. " (ibid., 455).

Ethnographic research in relation to the subject of storage of foodstuffs and storage

facilities has been carried out by the writer on a small scale in the modern villages of 468 Thera. The purpose was to identify the mechanisms involved in the procurement, the processing, the handling and the storage patterns of subsistence goods. Special

emphasis has been given to the acquisition of information from people who lived

before the Second World War, because this period is characterised by the relative

absence of the modern technological means and facilities which are currently used in

the processing and storage of food. For this purpose, elderly and middle-aged people,

mainly employees in the archaeological excavation of Akrotiri and their friends and 469 relatives, were interviewed. The method followed was not that of filling out a questionnaire form but of a guided conversation and actual visits to places of interest.

Ceramics are not used any more for storage purposes. Information on their use refers

to two or more decades ago. The pots shown to me in an abandoned house in Akrotiri village date to the period just before the Second World War. The vessels used were

usually glazed. Medium-sized vessels were used mainly for storage of olive oil and

468 Ethnographic research on a larger scale in the village of Akrotiri has been carried out by a team of anthropologists and archaeologists, who are also related to the excavation at Akrotiri. Results of this research have been published in Ioropia rou ck rlvlKOGKp001o6, Ilo)irionxb TrXvoAoyiKöIbpupa ESA, Eovropivn 1990 (1992), papers by A. Doumas, E. Katsa-Tomara, A. Sarpaki and I. Tzachili. 46" I wish to thank wholeheartedly Artemis Arvanitis, Manolis Katsipis, Loukas Alefraghis, Georgios Alefraghis (Giagoulas) for their sincere willingness to help me with this project, for providing valued information and for their hospitality in their houses and working areas.

520 never for wine, which was stored in wooden barrels. Nowadays the prevalent materials used for containers are plastic, glass and tin. Pottery for utility purposes was imported from Anaphi, the neighbouring island, which had ToIKaAapib(pottery workshops), becausesuitable clay either does not exist on the island or the outcrops are covered by volcanic material. Clay from an area called Vrysakia was used for the lining and the

construction of kilns for domestic purposes. In modern Thera, large and smaller clay

jars are only used for decorative purposes and flowerpots. Pithoi from Thrapsano are brought to the island by itinerant merchants, who travel from Crete to the Cycladic

islands from April until October to sell their products. The price of the pithoi varies according to size from 15,000 to 100,000 drachmas. There are a few pottery

workshops on the island470, which mainly produce small vessels and decorative objects, basically for tourist consumption. Occasionally, they manufacture pithoi,

again for decorative purposes. The clay comes from various places in Greece or even

from abroad. Pithoi of a small size are manufactured on a fast wheel, which is usually

electrically powered. Clay is brought from various places in Greece and abroad (e. g. Holland). The technique of adding coils ((puTr`Nara) is used. Occasionally, artificial

methods of drying the coils (such as flame) are applied, instead of the traditional 47 method of sundrying1.

According to Sarpaki (1987,38) the crops that grow today on Thera are the following: CROPS GREEK NAME LATIN NAME

Barley Krithari Hordeum vulgare

Wheat Sitari Triticum sp. (2 species) Peas Bizelia Pisum sativum

Spanish vetchling Arakas Lathyrus clymenum Sesame Sousami Sesamum indicum L.

Millet Kechri Panicum sp. Fodder crop Faki Vicia articulata (? )

470I had the opportunity to assist the potter Andreas Makaris in the manufacture of a pithos in his workshop and I thank him for all the relevant information cited in the text. 471On traditional pithoi manufacture in Crete and in the Aegean see Voyatzoglou 1984, Blitzer 1984,1990, Korre-Zographou 1995.

521 Tomatoes Tomata Lycopersicon lycopersicum Olives Elies Olea europaea Figs Syka Ficus carica Grapes Stafylia Vitis vinifera

Dry-farming is the only type of agriculture practised due to a total lack of water on the island. Crop rotation is frequently practised in fields on Thera where it was common to find a three-crop rotation of tomato/barley/ "arakas" instead of leaving fields fallow. Mixed farming (cereals and pulses) is common in the extensive vineyards of the island. Barley is no more cultivated in large quantities; the crop is used mainly for the production of animal feed as is also the chaff. Fava is still a main cash crop, while tomato cultivation has significantly declined from 1970 onwards, since the tomato processing factories shut down (with the exception of one only, still operating to the present day).

Foodstuffs could be traded among the inhabitants, according to production and need. Olive oil was brought to Thera mainly from Crete, while at the present time the provenance can be anywhere in Greece. Fruits and vegetables are also imported to the island, mainly from Crete. Olive trees do not grow nowadays in Thera (only a few trees in the areas of Faros and of the village of Pyrgos) because of the lack of water, which is essential especially during the first years of growth (A. Sarpaki, pers.comm. ). Olive oil was transferred in tin containers (TEvEKEb&c)of 20kg each. Transportation and family sale was made by the same people without the intervention of middlemen. A of 4 persons would need approximately 2-3 TEVEKEÖCSper year, an amount which was not The normally bought all at one time, but mostly according to need. content of the (nieapaki), for fear it be TEVEKtqwas then transferred into a small pithos the that would from The then in affected by stain («9a QKoÖpiaýs») the tin container. pithos was stored ladle/dipper (KouT6Aa). the kitchen and the contents were usually retrieved with a

522 Wine production has been a very important factor in the local economy. Vines are

cultivated according to a specific technique, namely the "weaving" of the branches of

the vine into basket-shaped low forms, in order to protect the plants from strong

winds. Wine was always kept in wooden barrels of different capacities (e. g. 200kgs,

2S0kgs, 500kgs)472. The type of wood of which the barrel is made can affect the

quality of the wine. Must produced from the same vineyard and stored in different

barrels gives different kinds of wine in terms of colour and taste. The best type of wood used for the manufacture of barrels is from the oak tree («To bpuc+). Another

type of wood used is also npivbpi or KtbpoS. Previously, people used to import wood and manufacture the barrels locally, while now they import the vessels. Also important

factors influencing the taste are the type of wine previously stored in the barrel and the thoroughness of the cleaning process of the barrel each time it is being refilled. Barrels

are kept in dark storerooms, called in Thera KbvalES. From the wine production, 100-

200kgs were kept for consumption at home, while the rest was sold. Wine was tranferred for sale to the port of Phira in leather askoi (sacks), carried by donkeys.

Nowadays, the locals usually produce wine for domestic consumption and sell the bulk of the grapes to wine producing industries, mainly based on the island.

Barley and fava ((pbpa or apaKbc, actually the produce of coarsely crushed pulses) were basic subsistence products in Thera. The production is significantly conditioned by the

lack of rainfall. Barley is used for making a type of bread (KpseapoKOUAoüpa)and was 473 also exported for the production of beer (not practised on the island). The parts of the crop left after the harvest and the threshing (aXupa, KbraAa) are used as food for the

animals. Some of the inhabitants at the village of Akrotiri have storerooms in an area

not far from the village, near their fields, where they also keep animals and perform

agricultural tasks, such as threshing. Caves dug into the volcanic ash (unbaKaqo) and shut by wooden doors were also used as storerooms for foodstuffs. Barley was stored

472The names of barrels of different capacities (bcpoupo,pnbpna, piabunoina, pouroi, poptäa)are mentioned in Katsa-Tomara (1992,33), together with important information on units of measurement of capacity and weight. 473The part of the crop used for the production of beer ((p6Tpo),which is collected at a specific time of growth, has not been archaeologically attested in the Akrotiri excavation (A. Sarpaki, pers. comm. ) 474On traditional architecture in Thera see Koumanoudis 1969-70,9-53.

523 in cupboards (cppbpia, formed *IYOOPE(:;*) in the walls of the kitchens of houses, actually dug into the volcanic ash which forms the walls of older houses in Thera (unbaka(pa)474.The opening of this cupboard, which is similar in form to a window, was covered with furniture a piece of or cloth or a wooden door, allegedly against theft. Alternatively, barley be could stored in large wooden boxes (Kaatxc), which could be of large (200kg capacity approximately). These KaoAc were kept in storerooms to the houses, next as also nowadays the iron barrels in which barley is The by stored. Kac1Ec were covered a cloth, on top of which a layer of volcanic ash for insulation was placed against humidity475, which causes the barley to rot and encourages the accumulation of insects (according to locals, «ro KplebpiE, nouAib ci»). This is the reason why the KactAcSwere considered to be a better facility for storing barley. Straw is still used in grain storage as pest repellent. It is emphasised that every possible measure is taken to avoid humidity in grain storage and there seems to be a concern for airtight storage since it was stated that once the container is unsealed, the content has to be consumed soon. Barley was transferred to the storage place by sacks. Figs and dried grapes (aTa(piöa)were stored in similar ways.

Long-term preservation of meat was a problem at a time when refrigerators were not yet introduced to the island. Meat from locally bred pigs, bovines and wild rabbits was processed in two basic ways: it was either boiled and salted (naarä) or slightly fried and kept in fat (Kapßoupäc).Meat could also be boiled and preserved in vinegar. It was then kept in small clay pots. Pig's fat was commonly used instead of olive oil. Vinegar was also a commonly used preservative for vegetables, kept in small clay pots. In the same kind of pots goat's cheese (XAwpb)was also kept in salted water as preservative. The pots were covered with a wooden lid or a cloth. A remarkable piece of information is that the pots were kept in the living areas of the house, and sometimes

under the beds because of the lack of space (compare the case in which vessels were found under the bed in room A2, which is a remarkably small room), and because the

475See footnote 167, for an ethnographic parallel from Cyprus.

524 bedroom, being the last room from the entrance, was the coolest place in houses dug in the volcanic ash (unboka(pa).

Collection of rainwater is important in Thera, because of the poor rainfall and the absence of rivers and streams on the island. Water is collected on the suitably built flat roofs of the houses, from where it is transferred by pipes into cisterns (a WpvES)built in the courtyards of the houses. It was then extracted from the cisterns by tin containers (KoußböES)and was subsequently stored in ceramic pots (Kloünia) which were kept in the kitchen. The mouth of the pots was covered with a very thinly woven cloth (ToLAI) which acted as a filter for the water.

The island of modern Santorini has never enjoyed a high level of subsistence autarchy, because of the lack of suitable cultivable land (limitations due also to the extent of the volcanic deposits) and lack of water. In recent years, the wealth of a significant land for fraction of the population comes from the tourist industry and exploitation had diminished agricultural purposes (with the exception of viticulture) significantly.

525