This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Nikolakopoulou, Irene Title: Storage, storage facilities and island economy : the evidence from LCI Akrotiri, Thera General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. STORAGE, STORAGE FACILITIES AND ISLAND ECONOMY: THE EVIDENCE FROM LCI AKROTIRI, THERA VOLUME II Appendices IRENE NIKOLAKOPOULOU A thesis submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements of the Degree of Ph. D. in the Faculty of Arts, Department of Archaeology APRIL 2002 ý. APPENDIX I CATALOGUE OF TYPES AND FORMS This is a discussion of the morphological and functional characteristics of types and forms of storage vessels, along with the classification lines set in 3.1. The data are derived from the entries of individual vessels presented in the catalogue of Appendix II, to which references are made, as also to the plates of volume III. The provenance of the imported vessels is inferred by the macroscopic examination of the fabric and the morphological features; future petrographic analysis may change or specify the suggested provenance area. Parallels and chronological issues are discussed, when possible, especially for the vessels of Cycladic tradition or Minoan imports; however, this is not possible for the vessels of other unspecified provenance. Measurements are in meters. The capacity is usually stated, for one or more specimens of each type or form. 318 LOCAL SPECIMENS VESSELS WITH RESTRICTED MOUTH OVOID TYPE WITH WIDE MOUTH LOW/NO COLLAR FORM 1353 CN 1-14, Pls. 1-3, fig. 12 The vessels of this form have many morphological characteristics of Cycladic origin, such as the bulging shape of body with narrow base, the crescent lugs and the ridges under the rim. They may even be unique to Akrotiri in LCI. They range in height from 0.79m. to 0.96m., the mouth diameter ranges from 0.31m. to 0.43m. and their base is ca. 0.22m. Two of the specimens listed (CN 11 and CN 12) share the general characteristics with more typical specimens but they are more slender, their height being ca. 1.00m., the mouth diameter 0.38m. and the base 0.22m. The rim is normally flaring, rounded, less frequently of almost square section; the handles are placed on the shoulder, normally below the zone of the ridges, two opposite horizontal crescent and two opposite vertical banded (CN 1 has four vertical banded handles). On the upper part of the body under the rim there are two to four horizontal parallel painted ridges (except for CN 3 which lacks the ridges). The decoration consists mainly of a broad zone with spirals in dark-on-light on reserved ground on the upper part of the body, while the rest of the surface is painted all over, forming solid arcs under the spiral zone, the "silent wave" motif. CN 1 has circles with discs instead of spirals, while a few specimens are painted all over. The decorative syntax is strongly reminiscent of the cylindrical pithoi. The pithoi of this form are of low transportability, medium stability because of the narrow base and medium/high accessibility of contents. The handles on the upper part of the body could have been of use in the fitting of some kind of cover or lid. The capacity of CN 12 is estimated to be ca. 200 Its. 353Cf. Marthari 1993a,166-168, nieoi wociöEicNE aui\akdxyclc oTO Aalpo. 319 Special mention should be made of pithos CN 10354This is a specimen of MC origin or tradition, found in the West House in a LCI context. It is lavishly decorated in the bichrome technique (terrestrial and marine life naturalistic scenes), an element which together with characteristics such as the painted broad zone with ridges under the rim argues for an earlier date. Fragments of pithoi with similar broad zone with ridges have been found in the sherd material of the "Seismic Destruction Layer" from various parts of the settlement. It seems that in the later specimens the zone becomes narrower and the vertical handles are added (possibly a Minoan influence). The red paint on CN 355 10 is more lustrous than the red paint used for later similar specimens It would also be interesting to consider whether the painted-all-over specimens (e.g. CN 6 and CN 8) reflect older traditions (perhaps in relation to burnished wares) but this approach will only be possible after further study of the MC material from the recent excavation. It is interesting to note that Papagiannopoulou compares the general shape of an unpublished pithos from Phylakopi, dark painted all over, to that of CN 10. The Melian pithos is dated to Phylakopi II/111(Papagiannopoulou 1991,360, cat. no. 321, pl. 32). FORM 2356 CN 15-19, pis. 4-5, fig. 13 This form comprises vessels of distinct Cycladic character, evident in morphological characteristics, such as the narrow base, the formation and the position of the lugs and the zones of ridges on the body. The specimens range in height from 0.93m. -1.13m., with mouth diameter ranging from 0.31m. -0.36m. The rim is usually of square section, occasionally rather rounded. The handles are usually placed in a combination of two opposite horizontal crescents on the upper part of the body and another two opposite horizontal everted of circular/oval section shortly under the rim, possibly facilitating the fitting of a lid. CN 18 and CN 19 have ridges only at the neck area, while CN 19 354This pithos is published in detail in Doumas 1999. assThere is a fragment of a bichrome pithos with crescent lugs from Phylakopi ("Early Mycenaean Period with Designs in Black and Red", Atkinson et al., 1904,119,170, pl. XXI, 15); the shapeis suggestedto be "that of the early geometric type with low belly and suspension handles". Also from Phylakopi, Barber mentions a pithos (MM163) with grooved decoration (h. 0.62m., d. 0.50m.) under the section Red Slipped/Burnished pottery, with white paint (Barber 1974,30, no illustration). 356Cf. Marthari 1993a,167-168, ni8oi coociödi pE auAaKWOEISOTO Kaipo Kai oo Qtpa. 320 lacks the handles of circular/oval section. The decoration is simple, usually trickle patterns, and in the case of CN 15 there is a zone on the upper part of the body of painted circles with solid discs inside. The ridges are also painted. Similar pithoi to CN 15 have been found during the recent excavation; one specimen may be dated to the early LCI (pl. 128). Marthari (1993a, 168) considers the circles and disc decoration as reflecting influence from products of a Minoan workshop, possibly in the area of Knossos, as could also be the case for other local specimens of other forms with similar decoration. Further Minoan influence could be detected on specimen CN 16, where the horizontal ridges on the body area have been replaced by simple rope patterns, a practice which, together with the trickle patterns, indicates the selective adoption of Minoan morphological features on an otherwise distinct Cycladic product. It is possible that the zones of ridges on pithoi are a conservative morphological feature in chronological terms357.CN 17 is one of the largest storage vessels in the settlement (h. 1.32m.), with very wide mouth diameter (0.50m. ). Vessels of this form have large capacity but moderate stability due to their narrow base. Transportability is low and accessibility is moderate, due to their large size. The capacity of CN 15 is estimated to be ca. 270 Its. FORM 3358 CN 20-25, p1s.6-7, fig. 14 FORM 4 CN 26-29, pl. 8 Vessels of these forms present almost the same functional qualities as those of the previous form. The specimens of form 3 are of a more symmetrical ovoid shape, with the maximum diameter almost exactly at middle height, while specimens of form 4 are very elongated, a feature that apparently reduces their capacity potential. What makes these vessels distinct is the adoption of distinct Minoan morphological features, such as the almost equidistant raised incised bands on the body and the trickle decoration, the clear-cut, square-sectioned rim, the two series of vertical handles of circular/oval section, one under the rim, with oval impressions at their lower ends, and the other just 357Christakis (1999a) notes that his Rope 30 (thin ridges similar to those of Theran pithoi) are found mainly during the MM period in East Crete. 358For forms 3-5 cf. Marthari 1993a,169-171, ni8oi cooEiöEiSpE nAaoT;KES TaiviES.