This dissertation has been 62-789 microfilmed exactly as received
MACEDONIA, John Anthony, 1920- MOTIF-INDEX OF THE BIOGRAPHIES OF THE TROUBADOURS.
The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1961 Language and Literature, modern
University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan MOTIF-INDEX
OF THE
BIOGRAPHIES OF THE TROUBADOURS
DISSERTATION
Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy1 in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University
By
John Anthony Macedonia, B # A,
* $ $ * if $
The Ohio State University 1961
Approved by
lvx ser Department of Romance Languages CONTENTS
Introduction 1
General Synopsis Of The Index 10
The Vidas And Razos 15
I Ademar Lo Negre 15
II Aimeric De Belenoi 15
III Aimeric De Peguillan 16
IV Aimeric De Sarlat 19
V Albertet Cailla 20
VI Albertet (De Sestaro) 20
VII Albert Marques 21
VIII Almuc De Castelnou Et
Isout De Capio 21
IX Amfos D*Aragon 22
X Arnaut Daniel 23
XI Arnaut De Maroill 25
XII Azalais De Porcairagues 29
XIII Berenguier De Palazol 29
XIV Bernart De Ventadorn 30
XV Bertolome Zorzi 37
ii iii
XVI Bertran D'Alamano 39
XVII Bertran De Born Jj-0
XVIII Bertran De Born Lo Fills 70
XIX Bertran Del Pojet 73
XX Blacasset 73
XXI Blacatz 7b
XXII Cadonet ?b
XXIII Castelloza (NA) 76
XXIV Cercamon 77
XXV Lo Corns De Peiteus 77
XXVI Lo Corns De Rodes 78
XXVII La Comtessa De Dia 79
XXVIII Dalfi D'Alvergne 80
XXIX Daude De Pradas 87
XXX Elias De Barjols 87
XXXI Elias Cairol 88
XXXII Elias Fonsalda 90
XXXIII Ferrari Do Ferrara 90
XXXIV Folquet De Marseilla 92
XXXV Folquet De Romans 99
XXXVI G-arin D'Apclaier 100 iv
XXXVXI Garin Lo Brun 100
XXXVIII Gaucelm Faidit 101
XXXIX Gausbert Amiel 113
XL Gausbert De Poicibot lH*
XLI Gauceran De Saint Leidier 116
XLXI Gui De Cavaillo 117
XLI 11 Gui D'Uisel 118
XUV Guillem Ademar 12ifr
XLV Guillem Augier Novella 12^
XLVI Guillem De Balaun 125
XLVII Guillem Del Baus 13^
XLVIII Guillem De Bcrguodan 136
XLIX Guillem De Cabestaing 137
L Guillem Figueira 15^
LI Guillem llagret 155
LII Guillem De Montaignagol 156
LIII Guillem Rainol D'At 157
LIV Guillem De Saint Leidier 157
LV Guillem De La Tor 162
LVI Gui raudo Lo Ro s 163
LVII Guiraut De Borneill 161* V
LVIII Guiraut De Calanso 171
LIX Guiraut Do Salaignac 171
LX Jaufre Rudel De Qlaja 172
LXI Jordan Qonel 173
LXIX Lanfranc Cicala 173
LXIII Lombarda (NA) 176
LXIV JIarcabru I77
LXV Maria De Ventadorn 179
LXVI Honge De Montaudon 180
LXVII Peire D'Alvergne I83
LXVIII Peire De Barjac 18U
LXIX Poire Bremon Lo Tort 185
LXX Poire Do Bussicnac 186
LXXI Poiro Cardenal 186
LXXII Peire Guillen De Toloza 188
LXXIII Peire De Maensac 188
LXXIV Poire De La Ilula I89
LXXV Peire Raimon De Tolosa 190
LXXVI Poire Robies igi
LXXVII Peire De Valoira 193
LXXVTII Peire Vidal 193 vi
LXXIX Peirol 20**
LXXX Perdigo 20 6
LXXXI Pistoleta 209
LXXXXI Pons D© Capdoill 210
JLXXXXIX Raimbaut D*Aurenga 21**
LXXXIV Raimbaut De Vaqueiras 216
LXXXV Raimon De Durfort E
Turc Malec 227
LXXXVI Raimon Jordan,
Vescoms De Saint Antoni 228
LXXXVII Raimon De Iliraval 231
LXXXVXXX Raimon Do Las Salas,
De Marseilla 2**9
LXXXIX Rainaut Et Jaufre De Pon 250
XC Richart De Berbezill 250
XCI Ricau De Tarascon 255
XCII Sail D1Escola 255
XCIII Savaric De Malloo 256
XCIV Sordel 260
XCV Tibors (NA) 263
XCVI Tomier E Palazi 26** vii
XCVXI Uc De La Bacalaria 265
XCVXII Uc Brunet 266
XCIX Uc De Mataplana 267
C Uc Do Pena 267
Cl Uc De Saint Circ 268
Index Of The Motifs 27^+
Conclusion 318
Autobiography 3^1 INTRODUCTION
The biographies of the Troubadours are, in reality, compositions of three different kinds t the Vidas. the
Razos, and a combination of the two. These prose forms range from the briefest vague sketches of just several lines to relatively extensive histories of between one and two hundred lines. Of these three genres, it is the
Vidas which are biographies in the most literal sense.
They usually contain information regarding the poet's origins, his social position, his adventures, and, almost always, a critical evaluation of his work. The Razos. on the other hand, are ordinarily intended to clarify some one composition of the poet in question and they very often include tales of his amorous intrigues. The third genre consists of a novelized combination of the two preceding forms, a mixture that might well be con sidered a brief ancestor of modern biographical and his torical novels. Further discussion of the critical evalu ation found in them and of some of the novelistic aspects of the genres is embodied in the conclusion that follows the indexes proper.
The biographies, whose origins are to be found in an oral tradition, were not written down until the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. This was finally done by the
Italians who are directly responsible for the bulk of the anthologies of works of the Troubadours that have come down to us from the Middle Ages. The Vidas and the
Razos were born of the needs of the Joglars who performed the compositions of the Troubadours. As these Joglars moved away from the Troubadours in both time and space, the rapport between the poets whose works were being per formed and the audiences of the Joglars became more and more tenuous. Thus, the Joglars found themselves com pelled to relate the authors and their compositions to the time and place of their performances, to compensate for the fame of the poets and of their lyrics which might long since have died. The Vidas served to introduce the
Troubadour to the audience while the Razos usually pre sented the background that might have been responsible for the composition of the work about to be sung.
The biographies served the same purposes in written form that they had filled in the oral performances from which they sprang. They are included in the manuscripts that contain collections of the lyrics of the Troubadours of Provence and of Italy. The Vidas appear as a prefatory note, introducing the poet whose anthology follows. The
Razos are ordinarily seen where synopses might be expected, just ahead of the compositions for which they serve to set the stage. Some of the later manuscripts illustrate the importance and the wide acceptance of the Vidas and of the Razos. In them, the copyist, instead of placing the Vidas at the beginning of the anthology and the Razos immediately proceding the poems to which they were re lated, grouped them both into a collection of their ov/n, clearly indicating that the biographies held an appre ciable interest for their audionces that was remoto from their original purpose. This grouping of Vidas and Razos is a point of prime importance for the student of the development of novelistic techniques. Such an emphasis, placed on one of the most valued bodies of Provencal prose that we have inherited from the Middle Ages, points to what is an undeniable and important forerunner of modern biographical and historical novels.
The purpose of the present Motif-Indox of the Biog raphies of the Troubadours is to offer a reference source that will quickly load one to the substance from which tho authors wove thoir biographies. In order to accom plish this objective, the standard classification system of Stith Thompson was adopted. Because Professor Thomp son’s system is standard and because it is becoming more and more universally employed for the analytical study of traditional genres of all kinds, it will allow the present study the maximum utility for the largest number of po tential users. To achieve these goals of easy reference and maximum utility, we have exercised great care in the selection of the base on which all of the classifications were to rest. 4
The interpretation to be applied to the word "motif" was the major problem to be solved before this Motif-Index could get under way. Our choice was made with a full real ization of the complexities to which a consideration of
"themes", "motifs", "leitmotifs", and "topoi" could very easily lead. Xn fact, because of this awareness, we en deavored to clear away all externally imposed and confusing criteria. It was Professor Thompson’s own use of the word
"motif" that offered the simplest and most applicable solution to the problem. For him, a "motif" is, essen tially, any element that contributes to the structure of a traditional genre. Therefore, for us, a "motif" became anything that contributed to the structure of the Vidas and Razos.
The difficulties encountered in the interpretation and analysis of the biographies wore as numerous as they were unexpected. Many were due to the special nature of the genre, to the fact that it has a language and a termi nology all its own. Since those problems are entirely irrelevant from the reader’s point of view, he will not be burdened with a discussion of them here. However, a word about the methods of resolution applied to the prob lems would not be inappropriate. The general approach was, first, to seek clarification of the questionable texts by studying all the variants that BoutiSre and
Schutz provide in their Biographies Des Troubadours which served as the primary text source for this entire study.
Second, since the Ohio State University Library has excel lent Provencal holdings, it was our practice to consult
the editions, the periodical literature, and the chresto- mathies which have been readily available. Third, and most important of all, the author had the very good for
tune of having had access to the long experience and great
erudition in ProvenQal matters of Professor Alexander H.
Schutz whose patient and enthusiastic help he has been privileged to enjoy. It is felt that every possible pre
caution has been taken to ensure the emergence of the motifs from the Vidas and Razos alone, and that they are
as free from impositions on the part of the analyzer as
the tools available and the methods employed would allow.
Finally, the author assumes full responsibility for all
of the classifications as they are presented here. Fur
ther remarks about the problems and the methods will be
found in the conclusion that follows the motif-indexos
themselves.
This Motif-Index of the Biographies of the Troubadours has been arranged to facilitate the location of any given
motif within the one hundred and eighty four Vidas and
Razos. In addition, another important facility has been
provided: that of allowing the reader to see the indi
vidual motifs in context, and to study them in relation
ship to the other elements that constitute any one of the biographies. This is a departure, and an important one, we believe, from the customary manner of presenting an index like this. A general catalog of the motifs encoun tered in this study precedes the two divisions of the
Motif-Index itself. That listing resembles the general outline found in the first volume of Stith Thompson's
Motif-Index of 3To lk-Lit orature. The important difference is that the catalog presented here is briefer because it does not contain all of the chapters of the Stith Thomp son system. It has only those which were actually dis covered in the prose studied. In addition, a complete index, arranged by chapter and class and corresponding to those presented in the general catalog, follows the detailed analyses of all of the Vidas and Razos. The general catalog alone should suffice to tell the reader whether or not these biographies contain any motifs of interest to him. If any doubt remains, a rapid reading of the class headings in the comprehensive index that follows the biographies should dispel it. Once a classi fication of interest has been located in the index, the roman numeral designations will quickly refer the reader to every Vida and Razo that contains the element in question.
The general catalog that precedes the Motif-Index of the Biographies of the Troubadours shows the structural elements that were found in them. These have been gathered, first, into chapters that embrace broad general concepts such as Society, Love, Deceptions, Reversal of Fortune, et cetera. The general idoa of the chapter is then sub divided into major categories. For instance, chapter "P" concerns Society. This dominant idea is then divided into its important components: the family, royalty and nobility, tradesmen and professional people, and governments. Each of the latter may in turn be subdivided to allow for any complexities that appear within the major classes. The family will serve to illustrate this point. It is a major constituent of the social organization of man, and is it self composed of important individual elements. Further subdivisions, such as husband and wife, brothers and sis ters, relations by law, foster relatives, step relatives, and the final catchall category, other relatives, allow treatment of individual persons within the appropriate sections. Each one of these classifications can be fur ther subdivided to show desired relationships between combinations of the subdivisions as well as .other more complex associations and to whatever extent may be nec essary. Only the demands imposed by the texts can de termine the limits to which the analyzer needs to carry subdivision in any given case.
In spite of the tremendous flexibility of Professor
Thompson’s system, or perhaps because of it, the diffi culties met in its application were numerous and varied. 8
During the course of the analyses, we found that many of the structural elements that were isolated were not yet listed in the Ilotif-Indox of Folk-Literature. This meant, of courso, that tho writer frequently had to take advantage of the great versatility of the system by interpolating new classifications for the items that were not already present in the system. All such entries are marked with an asterisk, and tho abundance of the latter will attest to the fact that the tradition and the genres being studied have offered new applications of the Stith Thompson system of motif classification. The placement accorded to those starred items can be considered final only for the im mediate purposes of this study because the ultimate assign ment of class numbers must be made by Professor Thompson and his staff. It is they who must examine the new mate rial produced independently by investigators all over the world, sift it, and organize it for inclusion in the ever growing Ilotif-Index of Polk-Literature. Thus, the present work will have the opportunity to make its modest contri bution to a universal system for the study and comparison of the literary traditions of the world, while providing a complete and easily digested study of the biographies of the Provoncal Troubadours.
Due to the organization of this Hotif-Index of the
Biographies of the Troubadours, the reader has several approaches available to him for the study of the motifs 9 catalogued. First, he may simply study the motifs in isolation, just as he finds them listed in tho general index that follows the skeletal presentation of the Vidas and Razos. Second, ho may study the motif in context, be cause tho roman numerals will quickly guide him to every composition that contains the element of interest to him.
Third, he may study the motif of special concern in rela tionship to all of the others that constitute tho given
Vida or Razo.
Interesting possibilities for the application of this
Hotif-Xndex of the Biographies of the Troubadours have been suggested in the conclusion, and some of those related to structure and to novelistic techniques are being pur sued by the author as a separate study. The bibliography at the end of tho volume contains all of the references cited in this work. It covers the basic requirements for the present investigation and can serve as a guide for further explorations into tho literature of the Provencal
Troubadours. Finally, tho reader is reminded, once again, that this study is an application of tho Stith Thompson system of classification and that the maximum benefit may be derived from it by using it in conjunction with that system. GENERAL SYNOPSIS OF THE INDEX
A. MYTHOLOGICAL MOTIFS
A 1100 - A 1199* Establishment of natural order
A 1200 - A 1699• Creation and ordering of human life
A 1200 - A 1299. Creation of man
A 1^00 - A 1^99* Acquisition of culture
A 1500 - A 1599* Origin of customs
D. MAGIC
D 0 - D 699. Transformation
D 500 - D 599* Means of transformation
D 800 - D l699» Magic objects
D 900 - D 1299* Kinds of magic objects
E. THE DEAD
E 200 - E 599* Ghosts and other revenants
E 1*00 - E 599* Ghosts and revenants - miscellaneous
H. TESTS
10 11
H 0 - ] 199* Identity tests: recognition
H 300 • H 499* Marriage tests
H 900 ■ H 1199• Tests of prowess: tasks
H 900 - H 999* Assignment and performance of tasks
H 1400 - H 1599* Other tests
H 1550 - H 1569. Tests of character
J. THE WISE AND THE FOOLISH
J 0 - . 199. Acquisition and possession of wisdom (knowledge!
J 200 J 1099• Wise and unwise conduct
J 200 - J 499* Choices
J 1100 - J 1699• Cleverness
J 1110 - J 1129. Clever persons
K. DECEPTIONS
K 1700 - K 2099* Deception through shams
K 1800 - K 1899» Deception by disguise or illusion
K 2000 - K 2099* Hypocrites
K 2200 - K 2299. Villains and traitors H. ORDAINING THE FUTURE
M 0 - M 99* Judgments and decrees
M 200 - M 299* Bargains and promises
N. CHANCE AND FATE
N 0 - N 99* Wagers and gambling
N 100 - N 299* The ways of luck and fate
P. SOCIETY
P 0 - P 99* Royalty and nobility
P 100 - P 199. Other social orders
P 200 - P 299. The family
P 300 - P 399* Other social relationships
P U-00 - P ^99. Trades and professions
P 600 - P 699. Customs
ft. REWARDS AND PUNISHMENTS
ft 10 - ft 99* Deeds rewarded
Q. 200 - ft 399* Deeds punished
Q lj-00 - Q 599* Kinds of punishment
R. CAPTIVES AND FUGITIVES 13
R 200 - R 299* Escapes and pursuits
S. UNNATURAL CRUELTY
S 100 - S 199• Revolting murders or mutilations
T. SEX
T 0 - T 99. Love
T 100 - T 199* Marriage
T 200 - T 299. Married life
U. THE NATURE OF LIFE
U 100 - U 299. Nature of life - miscellaneous
V. RELIGION
V 0 - V 99. Religious services
V 300 - V 399. Religious beliefs
V ifOO - V i+U9. Charity
V ^50 - V ^99. Religious orders
tf. TRAITS OF CHARACTER
N O - W 99. Favorable traits of character 1^
W 100 - W 199. Unfavorable traits of character
W 200 - W 299. Traits of character - miscellaneous
Z. MISCELLANEOUS GROUPS OF MOTIFS
Z 0 - Z 99• Formulas
Z 100 - Z 199. Symbolism
Z 400 - Z i*99« Historical, genealogical or biographical
motifs THE VIDAS AND RAZOS I - Cl
I Aderaar Lo Negre
Z U-71, * Place of origin
N'Aimars lo Negres si fo del Castelveill d'Albi.
\i 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Cortes hom fo e gen parlanz.
W ^5*2. * Honor bestowed on poet
E fo ben onratz entre la bona gen ...
P 91* * Royalty and nobility honor poet
E fo ben onratz ...per lo rei Peire d'Aragon e per lo comte Raimon de Tolosa ... W H 11.1.5* * Identification by reference
...lo comte Raimon de Tolosa ...aquel que fo deseretatz ...
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...lo comte Raimon de Tolosa ...ill donet masons e terras a Tolosa.
A lU’GU’tk. * Literary criticism
E fez cansos tals com saup faire.
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
Et aqui son escritas de las soas cansos.
II Aimeric De Belenoi
Z ^71* * Place of origin
N'Aimerics de Belenoi si fo de Bordales, d ’un castel qu'a nom Lesparra ...
Z ifill.l. * Parentage - indirect
...si fo ...neps de maestre Peire de Corbiac.
P 191*1* * Social status 15 16
Clercs fo, ...
P 191.2. * Social status changes
Clercs fo, e fez se joglars ...
A l46Jf.i*. * Literary criticism
...trobet bonas cansos e bellas e avinenz ...
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
.•.trobet bonas cansos ...d'una domna de Gascoingna, que avia nom G-entils de Rius.
Z 472. * Travel
...estet lone temps en aquella encontrada; pois s'en anet en Cataloingna ...
Z ^73. * Death of poet
...et estet lai tro q u 1 el mori.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aqui son escriutas de las soas cansos.
Ill Aimeric De Peguillan A. - Version
Z ^71. * Place of origin
N'Aimerics de Piguillan si fo de Tolosa ...
Z . * Parentage
...si fo ...fils d'un borges ...
P 431. Merchant
...un borges qu'era mercadiers, que tenia draps a vendre.
J 0. Acquisition of knowledge
Apres cansos e sirventes, mas molt mal cantava.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Et enamoret se d'una borgesa, soa visina.
T9* * Love teaches Et aquella amors 11 mostret trobar.
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
E fetz de llei maintas bonas cansos.
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
E fetz de llei maintas bonas cansos.
T 299*3* * Husband and lover quarrel
E mesclet se cum lo marritz de la domna e fetz li desonor.
T 299 .4. * Lover takes revenge on husband
E *N Aimerics si s1en venget, qu'el lo feri d'una spata per la testa.
R 227.4. * Poet flees after injuring husband
Per que’l covenc ad issir de Tollosa o faidir.
Z 472. * Travel
Et anet s’en en Cataloingna.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
E'N G-uillems de Breguedan si l'acuilli; et enansset lui en son trobar, en la premiera canson que l'avia .faita. E fetz lo joglar, qu'el li det son palafre e sos vestirs. ...E presentet lo al rei Anfos de Castella, que'l crec d'arnes e d'onor. Et estet en aquellas encontradas lone temps•
P 91. * Royalty and nobility honor poet
...el rei Anfos de Castella ...li crec d'onor.
Z 472. * Travel
Puois s'en venc en Lombardia ...
¥ 45.2. * Honor bestoxired on poet
...tuich li bon one li feron gran onor.
Z 473* * Death of poet
Et on Lombardia definet. 18
III Aimeric De Peguillan B. - Version
T 299,5. * Husband recovers from wound inflicted
by wife's lover
E fon aventura que'l marit de la dona guery de la nafra
Z U-72. * Travel
. ..'l marit ...guery de la nafra e anet a San Jacme.
T 35.$.0, * Lover wishes to see his lady in her
husband's house during absence of latter
...'l marit ...guery de la nafra e anet a San Jacme. En Eymeric saup o, e ac voluntat d'intrar en Toloza.
P 319.10.0.1. * Royal friend of poet is confidant
E venc s'en al rey e dis li que, si li plazia, volria anar vezer lo marques de Monferrat; ...En Aymeric dis al rey que pasar volia a Toloza, mas regart avia de so qu'el sabia, que'l rey sabia tot lo fag e vi que la amor do sa dona lo tyrava.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...e'l rey si'l det bando d'anar e mes lo ben en arnes de totas res. ...e det li companha tro Monpeslier.
IC 1313. Deception by feigning illness
Et el det as entendre als companhos tot lo fag, e qu'els li ajudesso; qu'el volia vezer sa dona en forma do malaute; et els responderon qu'els feran tot so que comandaria.
K 1818.0. * Disguise by feigning illness used to
reach beloved
E troberon la dona e disseron li que un cozi del rey de Castela era malautes, que anava en pelerinage, e que'l plagues que lains pogues venir. Ela respos que layns seria servitz e onratz. En Eymeric venc de nueg, e’ls companhos colqueron lo en un bel lieg.
K 1318.0.1. * Lovers meet as result of disguise as
sick man
\ 19
E l'endoma N'Eymeric mandet per la dona; e la dona venc en la carabra e conoc N'Eymeric, ...
T 9. * Love teaches
...e deraandet lo com era pogut intrar en Tholoza. Et el dis que per amor; ...
K 2059* * Lady feigns charitable concern to kiss
disguised lover
E la dona fes parvent que'l cubris dels draps e bayzet lo.
K 1813.0.2. * Disguise as sick man x/ins lover ten day
stay in lady's home
D'aqui enant no say co fo, mas tan que .X. jorns lay estec N'Eymeric per occayzo d'esser malautes.
Z k-72. * Travel
E cant s'en parti, d'aqui anet s'en al marques, ...
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...anet s'en al marques, on fo ben aculhit.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aysi trobaros de sa obra.
IV Aimeric De Sarlat
Z U7I. * Place of origin
N'Airaerics de Sarlat si fo de Peiregors, d'un ric bore que a nom Sarlat.
P 191•2. * Social status changes
E fez se joglars. ...e venc trobaire, ...
J 0. Possession of knowledge
E fo fort subtils de dire e d'entendre, ...
P 427«7*1*1* * Limited composition by poet
...mas non fez mas una canson. V Albertet Cailla
P 191,1, * Social status
...si fo uns joglars ,,,Qm fo do pauc vallimen, ...
Z Urf 1, * Place of origin
... si fo ...d 1Albezet.
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...si fo amatz entre sos vesins e per las domnas d'Albeges
A 1^64.4. * Literary criticism
...fez una bona canson e fez sirventes.
Z ^71,2, * Place of origin never left
Mas el non issi de la soa encontrada.
VI Albertet (De Sestaro)
Z k-71, * Place of origin
Albertetz si fo de Gapenses ...
Z bU-l, * Parentage
...si fo ...fils d'un joglar qe ac nom N'Asar, ...
P ^33.1. * Provencal joglar composes poetry
...si fo ...fils d'un joglar ...que fon trobaire ...
A 1^64.U’, * Literary criticism
N'Asar ...fon trobaire e fez de bonas cansonetas. Et Albertez si fez assatz de cansos, que aguen bons sons e motz de pauca valensa.
A lUrSUr,^,!, * Indirect literary criticism
Ben fo grazitz pres e loing per los bons sons qu'el fasia.
P ^S3.2. * Provenpal joglar evaluated
...fo bons joglars en cort e plasentiers de solatz entre la gen. 2 1 P 191*2. * Social status changes
Et estet lone temps en Aurenga, e venc rics.
Z 11-72. * Travel
E pois s'en anet a Sistaron estar ...
Z lJ-73* * Death of poet
...e lai el definet.
VII Albert Marques
Z il-71. * Place of origin
...si fo dels marques Malespina.
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Valenz hom fo e lares e cortes et enseignatz.
A lij-61l-.il-. * Literary criticism
E saub ben far cobias e sirventes e chansos.
VIII Alnuc De Castelnou Et Iseut De Capio
T 51. T/ooing by emissary
U'lseuz de Capion si preget ma dompna Almucs de Castelnou q'ela perdones a 'N G-igo de Tornen, ...
T SUr, * Unrepentant lover
...'N G-igo de Tornen ...avia faich vas ella gran faillimen e non s'en pentia ni non demandava perdon: ...
T 51* V/ooing by emissary
Dompna N*Almucs, si'ous plages, Be'us volgra prejar d'aitan; Qe l'ira e'l maltalan Vos fezes fenir merces De lui qe sospir e plaing
T 51.0. * Emissary promises reform of lover
E muor langat e's complaing E qier perdon humilmen;
Q'el si gart mails do faillir.
T 24-. 1. Love-sickness
E raa dompna N ’Almucs, la cals volia ben a 'N G-igo de Torna si era mout dolenta, car el non demandava perdon del fail- limen •.•
Z 10.3• Transition formulas
•■•e respondet a na dompna N'lseuz si com dio aqesta cobla
T 99»3» * Lady willing to forgive lover
Dompna N'lseuz, s'ieu saubes Q1el se pentis de 1 1engan Q'el a fait vas me tan gran, Ben fora dreichz q'eu n 1agues Merces ...... Mas si vos faitz lui pentir, Leu podes mi convertir.
IX Amfos D*Aragon
H 11.1.5* * Identification by reference
Lo reis d'Aragon, aquel quo trobet, si ac nom Amfos ...
P 17»l4-. * Xing is the first one
...Amfos; ...fo lo premiers reis que fo en Arragon ...
Z 2*4-1. * Parentage
...fo ...fils d'En Raimon Berrengier, que fo corns de Barsalona ...
H H . 1.5. * Identification by reference
...En Raimon Berrengier, que fo corns de Barsalona, que conques lo regissme d'Arragon e'l tolc a Sarrazins.
P 13»5»2. * King is crowned at Rome
Et anet se coronar a Roma; ...
Z 4-72. * Travel
Et anet ...a Roma ... 23
P 16.10. * King dies while traveling
...e quant s'en venia, el mori en Poiraon, al bore Sainz- Dalmas.
P 17.0.2. Son succeeds father as Icing
£ so fils fo faiz reis. ...
Z iJ^l. * Parentage
E so fils fo faiz reis, Amfos, qe fo paire del rei Peire, lo qual fo paire del rei Jacme.
X Arnaut Daniel A. - Vida
Z ^71* * Place of origin
...si fo ...de l'evesquat de Peirogors, d'un castel que a nom Ribaurac ...
Z 1*71.1. * Place of origin by reference
...si fo d'aquella encontrada don fo N'Arnautz de Meruoill, • • •
\'I 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...si fo ...gentils horn ...e delectet se en trobar.
J 0. Possession of knowledge
St amparet ben letras ...
P 191*2. * Social status changes
Et abandonet las letras, et fetz se joglars, ...
A 1^64.4. * Literary criticism
...e pres una maniera de trobar en caras rimas, per que soas cansons no son leus ad entendre ni ad aprendre.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
El amet una auta domna de G-ascoingna, muiller d*En Guillem de Buovilla ...
T 75»3»0. * Unrequited love
...non fo cregut que la domna li fezes plaiser endreit d 'amo r ... 24
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
•••per qu'el dis:
T 75.3. Unrequited love expressed in poem
Eu son Arnautz qu'amas l 1aura E chatz la lebre ab lo bou E nadi contra siberna.
X Arnaut Daniel 3. - Razo
Z if72. * Travel
E fon aventura qu'el fon en la cort del rey Richart d'En- glaterra ...
P if27»7»10. Rivaling poets
...et estant en la cort, us autres joglars escomes lo com el trobava en pus caras riraas que el.
P if27.7»10«l» * Rivaling poets wager on skills
Arnautz tenc so ad esquern e feron messios, cascus de son palafre, que no fera, en poder del rey.
P 14.27. * , King encloses rivaling poets in separate
rooms
E'1 reys enclaus cascu en una cambra.
P 427.7.10.2. * Rivaling poets' abilities contrasted
E'N Arnautz de fasti que n'ac, non ac poder que lasses un mot ab autre. Lo joglars fes son cantar leu e tost ...
P 427*7»10»3» * Terms of rivalry betx^reen poets
...et els non avian mas detz jorns d'espazi, e devia's jutgar per lo rey a cap de cinc jorns.
P 427.7.10.4. * One rivaling poet deceives another
Lo joglars demandet a'll Arnaut si avia fag, e'N Arnautz respos que oc, passat a tres jorns; e no'n avia pessat.
P 427*7«10«5» * Rivaling poet, frustrated and ashamed,
steals his rival's composition 25
E'l joglars cantava tota nuog sa canso, per so que be la saubes* E’N Arnautz posset co'l traysses isquern; tan que venc una nueg, e'l joglars la cantava, e N Arnautz la va tota arretener, e'l so. E can foro denan lo rey N 1Ar nautz dis que volia retraire sa chanso, e comenset mot be la cbanso que'l joglars avia facha.
P ^27*7«10*6. * Honest rival accuses thief and asks
king to discover the truth of the matter
Ei'l 1 ioglars, can l'auzic, gardet lo en la cara, e dis q u 1 elil l'avia1 avia facha* E'l reys dis c o 's podia far; e'l jo- glars preguet al rey qu'el ne saubes lo ver;
P ^27»7«10*7» * Dishonest rival confesses
.*.e'l reys doniandec a’N Arnaut com era estat. E'N Ar nautz comtet li tot com era estat ...
P iJ’27*7»10»S. * Rival poets rewarded by king
E'N Arnautz comtet li tot com era estat, e'l reys ac ne gran gaug e tenc so tot a gran esquern; e foro aquitiat li gatge, et a cascu fes donar bels dos. E fo donatz lo cantar a'N Arnaut Daniel ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E fo donatz lo cantar a'N Arnaut Daniel, que dis
Z 10*3* Transition formulas
Et aysi trobarotz de sa obra.
XI Arnaut De Maroill A. - Vida
Z iP71. * Place of origin
...si fo de l'evesquat de Pe^regors, d'un castel que a nom Meruoill * *.
P 191*1* * Social status
...fo clergues de paubra generacion.
P ^25*3* * Scribal profession cannot earn a living
E car no podia viure per las soas letras ...
Z k-72, * Travel •••el s'en anet per lo mon.
A 1^6^.^. * Literary criticism
E sabia ben trobar e s'entendia be,
N 103* * Luck and fate guide poet
Et astre et aventura lo condus en la cort de la contessa de Burlatz ••.
Z ^ 1. * Parentage
•••la contessa de Burlatz •••era filla del pro corate Raimon •••
P 210, Husband and wife
...la contessa de Burlatz ...era •••muiller del vescomte de Bezers, que avia nom Taillafer.
0.1, * Favorable qualities
•••Arnautz si ora avinenz bom de la persona e cantava ben e lesia romans.
\'I ^5.2, * Honor bestowed on poet
E la contessa si'l fasia gran ben e gran honor,
T 29.3*0, * Poet falls in love
Et aquest s'onamora d'ella ...
T 29.3*2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
,..e si fasia cansos de la comtessa ...
T 29.10. * Lover is timid
•••fasia cansos de la comtessa, mas non las ausava dire ad ella ni a negun per nom qu'el las agues faitas, anz disia c*autre las fasia.
T 9*1* * Love inspires daring
Mas si avenc c'amors lo forsa tant qu'el fetz una canson • Et en aquesta canson el li descobri l'amor qu'el li avia,
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
...ol fetz una canson, la quals comonsa: T 29*1.1. * Love reciprocated
.E la comtessa no'l esquiva, anz entendet sos precs e los recoup e los grazi ...e dot li baudesa de trobar d’ella • v; ^5.2. * Honor bestowed on poet
...la comtessa ...fetz li gran Honor ...
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
E la comtessa ...garni lo de grans arnes ...
P 191*2. * Social status changes
...e venc onratz horn de cort.
A lUSkmH’, * Literary criticism
E si fetz mantas bonas chansos de la comtessa ...
P. ^25*1. * Scribal text reference
...las quals cansos raostren que n 1ac de grans bens e de grans nals.
Q, 63.1. * Love’s rewards
...n'ac de grans bens e de grans mals.
XI Arnaut De llaroill B. - Razo
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
Vos avetz entendut qul fo Arnautz de 1-Iaruoill ...
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
.•.s1enamoret de la comtessa de Bezers, ...
Z LLl. * Parentage
...la comtessa de Bezers, qu'era filla del bon comte Raimon de Toloza, ...
Z ifriH • * Parentage
...la comtessa de Bezers, qu’era •..maire del vescomte de Bezers, ...
II 11.1.5. * Identification by reference 28
•••la comtessa de Bezers, qu'era filla del bon corate de Toloza, maire del vescomte de Bezers, que'ill Franses ausiron quan l'agron pres a Carcasona; la cals ves- corat ess a era dicha comtessa de Burlatz, ...
A 1577• Origin of personal names
•••la cals vescomtessa era dicha comtessa de Burlatz, per so qu'ela fo nada dins lo castel de Burlatz.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Molt li volia gran bo Arnautz az ela ...e ella volia gran ben a lui.
T 29.3.2, * Poet composes poems about his lady
...e moltas bonas chansos en fes de leis ...
A l * j * Literary criticism
...e moltas bonas chansos en fes ...
P 12.17. * King is jealous
E'l reis N'Anfos, qu'entendia en la pomtessa, s'aperseup quoz ela volia ben az Arnaut de Harueill, e si'n fo fort gelos e dolens quan vit los sernblans amoros qu'ela fazia az Arnaut•
P 12.17.1. * Jealous king causes lover's dismissal
E'l reis N'Anfos, ...auzit las bonas chansos qu'el avia fait d*ela, si la ocaizonet d'Arnaut, e dis li tant e tant li fes dire, qu'ela donet conjat az Arnaut e'ill castigua qe mais no'ill fos donan, ni mais no fezes chansos d'ela e qu'el del tot se degues partir et estraire de l'amor d'ela e dels sieus precx d'ela.
T 2^.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Arnautz de Marueill, cant auzit lo comjat anaisi, fo sobre totas dolors dolens, e si se partit com horn dezes- peratzde leis e de sa cort, ...e ...plais e ...ploret, ...
Z ij-72 . * Travel
...e si se partit ...de leis e de sa cort et anet s'en a'N G-uilem de llonpeslier, ...
P SOI. * Custom of literary patronage • ••et anet s'en a'N Guilem de Monpeslier, qu'era sos amicx e sos sonlier. Et estet lone terns ab lui •••
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
•••e lai fes aquesta chanso que ditz:
P if-25.1. * Scribal text reference
...la cals es oscriuta aisi com vos auziretz.
XXI Azalais De Porcairagues
Z ^71• * Place of origin
...si fo de l'encontrada de Honposlier, ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...si fo ...gentils domna et enseingnada.
J 0. Possession of knowledge
E ...sabia trobar, ...
T 29.^. * Lady falls in love with nobleman
Et enanoret se d'Bn Gui Guerrejat, ...
P 251* Brothers
...En Gui Guerrejat, ...era fraire d'En Guillem de IIo peslier.
T 29.^.1. * Lady in love with nobleman composes
poems about him
E la domna ...fez de lui mantas bonas cansos.
A lL6^.4. * Literary criticism
E la domna si sabia trobar, e fez de lui mantas bonas cansos.
XIII Berenguier De Palazol
Z ^71• * Place of origin
...si fo de Cataloingna, del comtat de Rossillon. P 191*1« * Social status
Paubres cavalliers fo, •••
V 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...si fo, ...adregs et enseingnatz e bons d'armas.
A lU’6U’.U-. * Literary criticism
E trobet ben cansos. ...
P ^27.7.1.2. * Poet sings of tbo wife of another
...e cantava de K ’Eraiesen d*Avignon, moiller d'En Arnaut d 1Avignon, ...
Z hkl. * Parentage
...cantava de M'Ermesen d'Avignon, moiller d'En Arnaut d*Avignon, fils de Ha Maria de Peiralada.
XIV Bernart De Ventadorn A. - Version
Z 471. * Place of origin
...si fo de Limozin, del castel de Ventadorn.
P 191.1. * Social status
Iiom fo do paubra gonoracion, ...
Z ^ 1. * Parentage
...fo ...fils d'un sirven qu'era forniers, qu'esquaudava lo forn a coszcr lo pan del castel.
0.1. * Favorable qualities
E venc bels horn et adreichs ...e venc cortes et enseignatz.
\J ^5*2. * Honor bestowed on poet
E lo vescons, ...s'abelli mout de lui e de son trobar e de son cantar e fez li gran honor.
A 1^6^.^. * Literary criticism
...e saup ben chantar e trobar ...
P 210. Husband and wife 31
E'l vescons de Ventadorn si avia moiller, •••
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...avia moiller, joven e gentil o gaia.
T, 29*2, * Wife falls in love with another man
••.moiller ...si s'abelli d'En Bernart e de soas chansos e s * enamora de lui ...
T 29«3» * Poet falls in love
...s'enamora ...el do la dompna, ...
T 29»3*2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
...el fetz sas chansos e sos vers d'ella, de l'amor qu'el avia ad ella e de la valor de leis.
1 9 9 * Love hidden
Lone temps duret lor amors anz qu'l vescons ni l'autra gons s 'cm aporcebes.
T 299»3» * Husband and lover quarrel
E quant lo vescons s'en aperceup, si s'estranjet de lui ...
T 257»13» * Jealous husband places wife under guard
...lo vescons ...la noillier fetz serar e gardar.
T 2^.9* * Lady dismisses lover
E la dompna si fetz dar comjat a'N 3ernart, qu'el so partis e se loingnes d'aquella encontrada.
Z 1*72. * Travel
Et el s'en parti o si s'en anet a la duchesa de Normandia ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...la duchesa de Nornandia, qu'era joves e de gran valor e s'entendia en pretz et en honor et on bendig de lausor.
T 56,5 , * Lady attracted by poet’s compositions
E plasion li fort las chansos e'l vers d'En Bernart, et ella lo recoup e 1'acuilli mout fort. T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
...et enamoret se d'olla et ella de lui ...
A 1 * Literary criticism
...e fetz mantas bonas chansos d'ella.
A l^i-85.1. * Dating by reference
Et estan cum ella, lo reis ...si la tolc per moiller ...
P 18. Marriage of Icings
...lo reis Enrics d'Engleterra si lo tolc per moiller ...
Z U-72. * Travel
...e si la trais de llormandia e si la menet en Angleterra
T 2^.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
En Bernartz si romas de sai tristz e dolentz ...
Z U’7 2. * Travel
...o venc s'en al bon comte Raimon de Tolosa ...
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...e venc s'en al bon comte Raimon do Tolosa, et com el estet tro que'l corns nori.
P 601.1. * Patron dies
...et com el ostet tro que'l corns mori.
V U-52, * Religious order entered by poet
...per aquella dolor, si s'en rendet a l'ordre de Dalon •
Z ^73. * Death of poet
...e lai el definet.
P * Scribe identifies himself
Et ieu, .11'lies de Saint Circ ...
P ^25.5. * Scribe identifies source 33
Et ieu, ...de lui so qu'ieu ai escrit si me contet lo vescoms N'Ebles de Ventadorn •••
Z Jj-iH. * Parentage
...lo vescoms N'Ebles de Ventadorn, quo fo fils de la voscomtessa qu'En Bernartz amet,
Z 10.3» Transition formulas
E fetz aquestas chansos que vos auziretz aissi de sotz escriptas.
XIV Bernart De Ventadorn 3. - Version
Z tylm * Place of origin
...si fo de Lemoisin, d'un chastel de Ventador, ...
Z 441. * Parentage
...si fo ...fils d'un sirven e d'una fornegoira, ...
P 191*1» * Social status
...si fo ...de paubra generation, fils d'un sirven e d'una fornegeira, ...
P i{-25»5« * Scribe identifies source
...si con dis Peire d'Alvergne de lui on son chantar, ...
P ^27•7 •2^• * Poet mocks another poet
...si con dis Poire d'Alvergne de lui ...qan dis mal de totz los trobadors:
Lo terz Be ma r t z do Ventadorn, Q 1 es meindre d'un Borneil un dorn; En son paire ac bon sirven Qe portav'ades arc d'alborn, E sa mair'escaudava'1 forn,
0.1. * Favorable qualities
...Dieus li det bella persona et avinen, e gentil cor, don fo el comensamen gentilessa, e det li sen e saber e cortesia e gen parlar; ...
A 1^6^,^, * Literary criticism •••et aveia sotilessa et art de trobar bos motz e gais sons.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Et enamoret se de la vescomtessa de Ventador, moiller de so seingnor.
T 27• Unusual success in love
E Dieus li det ventura, per son bel captenemen e per son gai trobar, q'olla li vole ben outra mesura, •••
T 2^.3. Madness from love
•••ella li vole ben outra mesura, qe noi gardet sen, ni gentilessa ni honor ni valor ni blasme, mas fugi son sen e seget sa voluntat, ...
P i|-25«5« * Scribe identifies source
• ••si con dis N*Arnautz de Meruoil:
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
•••si con dis X*Arnautz de Iloruoil:
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
• ••c si con dis Gui d'Uisel:
P it-25.5, * Scribe identifies source
•••e si con dis Gui d'Uisels
’■/ U-5,2. * Honor bestowed on poet
Et el fo honoratz e prosiatz per tota bona gen, e sas chan sos honradas e grasidas, E fo vesuz et ausiz e receubuz mout voluntiers e foron li faich grand'honor ...
P 601• * Custom of literary patronage
•••e foron li faich ...gran don per los grans barons e per los grans homes, don el anava en gran arnes et en gran honor,
T 99.i}-. * Love hidden
Ilout duret lor amors longa sason enans qe'l vescoms, sos maritz, s1en aperceubes. 35 T 2^.8.0. * Cause of lover's dismissal
E qan s'en fo aperceubut, mout fo dolens e tris, e mes la vescomtessa, soa moillier, en gran tristessa et en gran dolor, e fez dar cumjat a 3ornat de Ventador q’el Issls de la sua encontrada,
Z 2. * Travel
Et el s'en Issl e s'en anet en Norraandia, ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...la dukessa ...era joves e gala e de gran valor e de prez e de gran poder, et entendia mout en honor et on proz.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
Et ella lo receub con gran plaiser e con grant honor e fo mout alegra de la soa venguda e fetz lo seingnor e maistre de tota la soa cort.
T 29*1.1. * Love reciprocated
...enaissi s'enamoret de la duchessa, et ella de lui.
T 101.0. * Poet's lady marries
...ella tolc lo rei Enric d'Angleterra per marit ...
Z U-72. * Travel
...e ...la'n rnena outra lo bra; del mar d'Angleterra, ...
T 2^.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Don el, puois, de duol e de tristessa qe ac de lei, ...
V 2. * Religious order entered by poet
Don el ...si se fetz monges en l'abaia de Dalon, ...
Z h-73. * Death of poet
...et aqui persevera tro a la fin.
XIV Bernart De Ventadorn C. - Razo
Z 183. Symbolic names 36
• ••£ apolava la Bernart "Alauzeta", ...e ella apelet lui "Rai".
A 1577* Origin of symbolic names
. ..E apolava la Bernart "Alauzeta”, per amor d'un cavalier que l'amava .
T 55*6, Person exhibits figure
E un jorn venc lo cavaliers a la dugessa e entret en la carabra de la dona, que lui leva adonc lo pan del mantel e raos li sobra'l col, e laissa si cazer el lieg.
K 2252. Treacherous maidservant
E Bernart vi tot, car una donzela de la domna li ac mostrat cubertamen ...
Z 10,3, Transition formulas
,,,e per aquesta razo fes adonc la canso que dis:
XXV Bernart De Ventadorn D, - Razo
T 29.1«1. * Love reciprocated
Bernartz de Ventador si arna una domna gentil e bella e si la servi tant e la honret q'ella fetz so q'el vole en dies et en faichs. E duret longa sason lor jois en leieutat et on plasers,
T 29.6, * Lady changes her mind
Mas puois cambiot voluntatz a la domna, q'ella vole autr amador ,•,
T 92.11,2, * Rival's company tries poet
•••et el o saup e fo tris e dolens e creset se partir d'ella, car mout l'era greus la compaignia de 1*autre,
J 229.15. * Choice: half a love better than none
Puois s'enpenset, con hom vencuz d'amor, qe miels li era q'el agues en leis la meitat qe del tot la perdes.
T 93.6. * Disappointed lover deludes self
Puois, cant ora davan lei, lai on era l'autr'amics e l'au- tra gens, a lui era somblans q'ella gardes lui plus qe tota l'autra gen. 37
T 93.6.1. * Disappointed lover chooses to abandon
convictions
£ maintas ves descresia so qe avia cresut, si con deven far tuit li fin amador, qe non deven creser so qe vesen dels oills, qe sia faillimenz a soa domna.
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
Don Bernartz de Ventador si fez aqesta chanson qe dis:
XV Bertolome Zorzi A. - Version
Z ^71* * Place of origin
...si fo ...de Venecia.
P 191.1. * Social status
...si fo us gentils hom, mercadiers de Venecia.
A * Literary criticism
E fo bons trobaires.
Z k7 2. * Travel
...el anava ...de Venecia en Romania ...
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
...el anava, - ab moutz d'autres mercadiers q 1erant d'aqella ciutat q'ieu vos ai dicha ...
P 427.7.15.1. * Poet's adventures
Et avenc se que ...el e tuich li autre mercadier q'eron ab lui sus en la nau foron pres una nuoich da Genoes; car adoncs avion mout gran gerra Venecian ab Genoes.. E foron tuich li homen d'aquella nau ...menat en preison a Genoa.
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
...d'aquella nau q'ieu's ai dicha ...
A 1 * Literary criticism
Et estan en preison, et el fetz moutas bonas canssos, e moutas tensos fetz atressi ab En Bonifaci Calvo de Genoa. P **27 •? * Poet's adventures
Et en devenc se que fon faita patz d* entre Venecians e Genoes, e'N Qertolomieus Gorgis e tuich li autre issiron de preison.
F 191.2. * Social status changes
E qand aqist proisonier foron tornat a Venecia, En Berto- lomeus Gorgis fo faitz per misier lo due de Venecia cas tellans de Coron e de Mothone ...
Z 1*7 2. * Travel
...fo faitz ...castellans ...d'un ric loc de Romania ...
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
E lax el s'enamoret d ’una gentil dompna d'aqella encontrada • • •
Z 1*73. * Death of poet
...e lai el definet e moric.
XV Bertolome Zorzi B. - Version
Z 1*71 • * Place of origin
En Bertolome £orgi si fo us gentils hom de la siutat de Venise.
\'I 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...si fo gentils hom ...savis hom fo de sen natural ...
A ll*61*.l*. * Literary criticism
...e saup ben trobar e cantar.
Z 1*7 2. * Travel
E si avenc una sazon qu'il anet per lo mon.
P *f27.7«15«l» * Poet's adventures
E los Genoes, qui guereiavon ab los Venisians, si lo preiron e lo meneron pres en soa terra.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas 39
Et estagan la en prison, En Bonlfacl Calbo si fez aquest slrventes qu'es escrit ca desus, qui comensa:
M 57* * Judgment of fellow man by poet
En Bonlfacl Calbo si fez aquest slrventes ...blasman los Genoes, car 11 se lasavon sobrar de Veneslans, dlgan gran vllania d'els.
Z 10,3* Transition formulas
De que 1N Bertolome $org 1 fetz un autre slrventes, qui est escritz qa desotz, lo qual comenssa:
M 57• * Judgment of fellow man by poet
• ••'N Bertolome $orgi fetz un autre sirventes ...escusan los Veneslans et encolpan los Genoes*
P 310.10. * Friendship results from opposition
De que En Bonifaci Calbo se tenc encolpatz de so qu’el avia’n ditz; e per so si se torneron l'un a 1*autre e foron granz amis.
P ^27.7•15*1* * Poet's adventures
Longa sason estet En Bertholome
Z ij-72. * Travel
Et quant il fu essutz for de prison, i! s'en anet en Venise ...
P 191.2. * Social status changes
•••e'l seu coraun lo mandet per castellan a un castel ...
Z 1*72. * Travel
•••e'l seu comun lo mandet per castellan a un castel qui ven apellat Coron.
Z ^73* * Death of poet
E lai el definet.
XVI Bertran D'Alamano
Z il71« * Place of origin 1*0
...sifo do Proenssa, ...
Z 1*1*1. * Parentage
...si fo ...fills d ’En Pons de Brugeiras.
\'I 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Cortes cavalliers fo e gen parlans; ...
A 1 1*61*.1*. * Literary criticism
...e fotz bonas cobias de solatz e sirventes.
XVII Bertran De Born A. - Version
Z 1*71 • * Place of origin
Bertrans de B o m si fo ...de l'evesqat de Peiregors ... d'un castel que avia nom Autafort.
P 191.1. * Social status
...si fo uns castellans ...seingner d'un castel ...
P 1*27.7.7.3. * Poet wages war on opposing nobles
Totz temps ac guerra con totz los sieus vesins, com lo comte de Peiregors e com lo vescomte de Lemoges ...e com Richart ...
A 11*85.1. * Dating by reference
...ac guerra ...com Richart, tant quant fo corns de Peitieus.
P 251.5.8. * Poet wars on brother
9 Totz temps ac guerra ...com son fraire Constanti ...
V 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Bons cavalliers fo e bons guerrers e bons domnejaire ... e savis e ben parlanz; e saup ben tractar mais e bens.
A ll*61*,l*. * Literary criticism
...fo ...bons trobaire ... 1*1
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
Seingner era totas ves quan se volia del rei Enric e del fils de lui •••
P 1*27.7.0.2. * Poet strives to destroy peace
•••mas totz temps volia que ill aguessen guerra enseras, lo paire e'l fils e'l fraire, l'uns com 1 autre. E toz temps vole que lo reis de Pransa e'l reis d'Engleterra aguessen guerra ensems. E s'il aguen patz ni treva, ades se penet com sos sirventes de desfar la patz e de mostrar com cascuns era desonratz en aquella patz.
P 1*27»7»0.2.1. * Poet's efforts to destroy peace bring
good and bad
B si n'ac de grans bens e de grans mais.
XVTI Bertran De Born B. - Version
Z 1*71. * Place of origin
...si fo de Lemozi ...
P 191.1. * Social status
...si fo ...vescoms d'Autafort, qe'i avia prop de mil homes.
P 259.5»9« * Poet wishes to disinherit brothers
Et avia fraires e cujava'ls dezeretar, ...
A ll*61*.l*. * Literary criticism
Molt fo bons trobaire de sirventes et anc no fes chansos fors doas ...
P ll*.21*. * King marries poems
•••e'l reis d'Arago donet per moiller las chansos d'Bn G-uiraut de Borneill a sos sirventes.
P 1*27.7*0«5» * Poet has his own joglar
Et aquel que cantava per el avia nom Papiols ...
V 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...Papiols ...era azautz hom e cortes. 1*2
Z 183* Symbolic names
E clamava "Rassa" lo comte de Bretanha, e'l rei d'Anola- terra "Oc e no", e'l rei jove, son fill, "Marinier".
P 1*27*7*0*2* * Poet strives to destroy peace
Et avia aital uzatge c'ades fazia mesclar guerra entre1Is baros e fes mesclar lo paire11 fill d'Anclaterra ... tf 117*3* * Poet boasts of his wits
E Bertrans de Born si's vanava qu'el cujava tan valer que ja no cujava que totz sos sens 1*agues mestier*
P 1*27*7*15*1*1* * King seizes poet
E pueis lo reis lo pres ...
W 117.3*1* * King seizes upon poet's boast
"Bertrans, aura'us encara mestier totz vostre sens."
P 1*27*7*16* * Et el respos qu'el avia tot son sen per- dut quan lo reis joves morit.
P ll*.25* * King mourns son
Adonx si ploret lo reis de son fill •••
Q, 63* * King rewards love for his son
...ploret lo reis de son fill eJperdonet li e'l vestit e'ill det terras e honors.
P 1*27.7.17. * Poet retires
E visquet longuamen el setgle e pueis rendet se al orde de Sistel*
V 1*52. * Religious order entered by poet
**.e pueis rendet se al orde de Sistel*
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
Et aqui trobares de sos sirventes.
XVII Bertran De Born C. - Razo
Z 183. Symbolic names *3
Bertrans de Born si s'apellava "Rassa" ab lo comte •••
P 251• Brothers
••.Jaufre ...ora fraire del rei jove e d'En Richart, ...
T 78. * Faithful lady rejects all other suitors
Et ella los refudava totz per En Bertran de Born, qe avia pres per entendedor e per castiador.
T 78.1. * Poet proclaims lady's rejection of suitors
E per so que ill remesesen dels precs d'ella, el vole raon- strar al comte Jaufre quals era la domna en cui el s'enten- dia, e si la lauzet en tal maineira que par qu'el 1*agues vista nuda e tenguda. E vole ben c'om saubes que Na Naeuz era la soa domna, aquella que refudava Peiteus ...e'N Jau fre, ...e'l rei d'Aragon, ...e'l comte Raimon, •••
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...e per so dis En Bertrans:
T 78.I. * Poet proclaims lady's rejection of suitors
Rassa, als rics etz orgoillosa,
Anz es tant de pretz envejosa, Q,'als pros paubres es amorosa.
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
E d'aquesta razon que'us ai dicha el fetz son sirventes, ...
M 5 7 • * Judgment of fellow man by poet
•••el fetz son sirventes, e de blasmar los rics que tenon don e que mal volen e sonan e que senes tort ochaisonen, e, qui lor qier merce, que no perdonen ni servizi no quier- donen, et aquels que mais no parlon si no de volada d'austor, ni mais d'amor ni d'armas non auson parlar entre lor.
P 427.7.0.2, * Poet strives to destroy peace
E volia que'l corns Richartz guerrejes lo vescomte de Le- mogas e que'l vescoms si deffendes proosamen. E d'aquestas razos si fetz lo sirventes •••
Z 10.3. Transition formulas E d'aquestas razos si fetz lo sirventes que ditz:
XVII Bertran De Born D. - Razo
T 29.3« * Poet falls in love
Bertrans de Born si era drutz d'une domna •••domna Maeuz •
P 210. Husband and wife
...domna Maeuz de Montaingnac, moiller d'En Talairan, ...
P 251. Brothers
...En Talairan, qu1era fraire del comte de Peiregors; ...
Z 1*1*1. * Parentage
...et ella era filla del vescomte de Torena ...
P 252. Sisters
•••et ela era ...seror de ma dompna Maria de Ventedorn e de N'Elis de Monfort.
H 11.1.5. * Identification by reference
...donna Maeuz de Montaingnac, moiller d'En Talairan, qu'era fraire del comte de Peiregors; ...
II 11.1.5* * Identification by reference
...Maeuz de Montaingnac, moiller d'En Talairan, •••et ela era filla del vescomte de Torena e seror de ma dompna Mari de Ventedorn e de N'Elis de Monfort.
P 1*25*1* * Scribal text reference
E sogon qu'el dis en son chantar, ...
T 24.9* * Lady dismisses lover
...ela'l parti de si e'il det comjat, ...
T 2-t*.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
.••e'il det comjat, don el fon mout tristz e iratz e fetz razo que ja mais no la cobraria, ... tf 0.1. * Pavorable qualities ...fos tan bella ni tan bona ni tan plazens ni tan enseingnada. ...el non poiria cobrar neguna quo1ill pogues esser ogals, ...
A 1298. * Creation of woman from borrowed qualities
...e la soa domna li conseillet qu'el en fezes una en aital guisa qu'el soiseubes de las autras bonas dompnas e bellas de chascuna una beutat o un bel senblan o un bel garan o un bel taill de persona. Et enaissi el anet queren a totas las bonas dompnas que chascuna li dones un d'aquestz dos que m'avetz auzit nomar per restaurar la soa domna c'avia perduda.
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
Et el sirventes qu'el fetz d'aquesta razon vos auziretz nommar totas las domnas a las quals el anet querre socors et ajuda a far la domna soiseubuda.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E'l sirventes qu'el fetz d'aquesta razon si comensa:
XVXI 3ertran De Born E. - Razo
T 29.3. * Poot falls in love
Bertrans de Born si ora drutz de ma dompna llaeutz ...
P 210. Husband and wife
...ma dompna llaeutz ...la moiller de Tallairan, ...
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
...que era aitals dompna com vos ai dich en la razon del sirventes de la "domna soiseubuda". E si com eu vos dis, • • •
T 2^.8.0. * Cause of lover's dismissal
...ela'l parti de si e det li comjat et encusava lo de ma domna Guiscarda, ...
P 210. Husband and wife
...ma domna Guiscarda, ...la moiller del vescomte de Corn- born, ...
Z hj1. * Place of origin •••ma domna Guiscarda, •••quo fon de Bergoingna, •••
P 250, Brothers and sisters
••.ma domna Guiscarda, ...sor d ’En Guiscart de Beljoc,
II 11.1.5, * Identification by reference
•••ma domna Guiscarda, •••la moiller dol vescomte de Com- born, ...sor d'En Guiscart de Beljoc,
VI 0,1, * Favorable qualities
Avinens domna et enseingnada era, complida de totas beu- tatz;
P ^27*7*23* * Poet advances lady
•••si la lauzava fort en comtan et en chantan,
T 11,1, Love from mere mention or description
Bertrans, onans qu'el la vis, era sos anics per lo ben qu'el auzia d'olla, ...
T 101.0. * Poet's lady marries
...onans qu'ella fos venguda a marit al vescomte •••
Z 10.3'. Transition formulas
...e per alegressa qu'el ac de la soa venguda, si fetz aquestas cobias que dizion:
P Ij’27.7*23. * Poet advances lady
Ai, Lemozis, francha terra cortesa, Ilout me sap bon car tals honors vos creis, Que jois e pretz e deportz e gaiesa, Cortesia e solaz e domneis S'en ven a nos ••••••••••.
Puois Na Guiscarda nos a sai trames.
T 24,S,0. * Cause of lover's dismissal
E per aquesta domna Guiscarda si'l parti de si ma domna Ilaeuz, qu'ola crezia qu'el li volgues meills que ad ella e qu'ella li fezes amor,
Z 10.3* Transition formulas 1*7
E per aquest departimen el fetz la "domna soiseubuda" e'l sirventes que ditz:
XVII Bertran De Born F, - Razo
T 2^.9. * Lady dismisses lover
Bertrans de Born si fo acomjadatz de soa dompna, ma dompna Maeuz de Montaingnac . •. T 2*1-.8 .0 . * Cause of lover's dismissal ...e no'ill tenc pro sagramenz ni esditz qu'el fezes en comtan ni en chantan qu'ela volgues creire qu'el non ames Na Guiscarda. z 1*72. * Travel
E si s'on anet en Saintonge vezer ma domna Na Tibors ...
VI 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...Na Tibors ...era de las plus prezadas domnas que fossen el mon, de beutat e de valor e d'enseingnamen.
P 210. Husband and wife
Et aquesta domna era moiller del seingnor de Chales ...
T 75.0.5. * Rejected suitor complains
E'N Bertrans si'l fetz reclam de ma dompna llaeutz que l'avia partit de si e no'l volia creire per sagramen ne per esdich que li fezes qu'el no volgues ben a Na Guiscarda.
T 75.0.6. * Rejected suitor offers self to another
E si la preguet qu'ela'l degues recebre per cavallier e per servidor.
J 0. Possession of wisdom
Ma domna Na Tibors, com savia domna qu'ela era ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...Ma domna Na Tibors •••si'1 respondet enaissi ...
T 99.6. * Casuistry of love
"Bertrans, per la rason que vos etz vengutz sai a mi, eu 43
en son mout alegra o gala e tenc m'o a grant honor, e d'autra part si mo desplatz: ad honor m*o tenc car vos m* ez vengutz vezer ni prejar que vos prenda per cavallier o per servitor, o desplatz me mout si vos avetz faich ni dich so per que ma domna Maeuz vos aia dat comjat ni per que sia irada ab vos.
J 0. Possession of knowledge
Mas eu son aquella que sai ben com se cambia tost cors d'araadors e d'amariz.
T 51. Wooing by emissary
E si vos non avetz faillit vas ma domna Maeuz, tost en sabrai la vertat, e si vos retornerai en la soa gracia, s'enaissi es. ...Mais eu farai ben aitan qu1eu vos pen- rai a mantener et a far lo concordi entre vos et ella.
M 57»1« * Poet judged by fellow man
E si en vos es lo faillimens, eu ni autra domna no's deu mais acuillir ni recebre per cavallier ni per servidor.
M 297* * Reciprocal conditional love promise
Bertrans si s1en tenc mout per pagatz de la responsion de ma dompna Na Tibors o promes li qu'el non amara mais autra domna ni servira si no ma domna Na Tibors, si causa or qu'el no pogues recobrar l'amor do ma domna Maeuz. E ma domna Na Tibors promes a'N Bertran, s'ella no'1 podia acordar ab ma domna Maeuz, qu'ela'l recebria per cavallier c per servidor.
T 29.9* * Lovers reconciled
...ma domna Maeuz saup qu'En Bertrans non avia colpa, ... e si'1 tornet on gracia de vezer lo e d'auzir sos precs.
M 297«1» * Reciprocal love promise to be dissolved
Et il li comtet e'l dis lo mantenemen que'ill avia faich ma domna Na Tibors e la promession qu'ela avia faich ad el. Don ma domna Maeuz li dis qu'el prezes comjat de ma domna Na Tibors e que'is fezes absolver las promessions e'lz sagramens que il avian faich entre lor.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Don Bertrans de Born fetz aquest sirventes: 1*9
XVII Bertran De Born G-. - Razo
Z 1*72. * Travel
Bertrans de Born si era anatz vezer una seror del rei ...
P 250. Brothers and sisters
...era anatz vezer una seror del rei Richart ...la quals avia nora ma domna Bleina ...
Z i*i*l. * Parentage
...una seror del rei Richart que fon maire de l'emperador Oth, la quals avia nom ma domna Bleina, ...
P 210, Husband and wife
...una seror del rei Richart ...la quals avia nom ma domna Bleina, qe fo moiller del due de Sansoingna.
\'I 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Bella domna era e molt cortesa e enseingnada, e fazia gran honor on son acuillimen et en son gen parlar.
P ll*.26. * Xing instructs sister to welcome poet
En Richartz ...si l'assis lone sa seror e. si'l comandet qu'ela1ill dissos e'ill fezes plazer e grant honor.
A li*85.1. * Dating by reference
En Richartz, qu'ora adoncs corns de Peitieus ...
P li*. 26.1. * Sister carries out king's instructions
Et ela, per la gran voluntat qu'ela avia de pretz e d'onor, e per so qu'ella sabia qu'En Bertrans era tan fort presatz horn o valens e qu'el la podia fort enansar, si'l fetz tant d'onor qu'el s'en tenc fort per pagatz ...
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
...et enamoret so fort de leis, si que comenset lauzar e grazir.
A li*85.1. * Dating by reference
En aquella sazon qu'el l'avia vista, el era ab lo comte Richart en un'ost el temps d'invern ... 50
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...et adoncs fetz aquest sirventes que dis:
P ^27*7»15»1* * Poet's adventures
...el era ab lo comte Richart en un ost el temps d'invern, et en aquel'ost avia grant desaise. E cant venc un dia d'una domenga, era meitz dia passatz que non avian manjat ni begut. E la fams lo destreingnia mout ...
XVTI Bertran De Born H. - Razo
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
Bertrans •••si com eu vos ai dich en las autras razos, ...
P 251* Brothers
Bertrans ...si avia un fraire que avia nom Costantis ...
U 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...e si era bons cavalliers d'armas, ...
100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
...mas non era hom que s'ontrameses molt de valor ni d'on or, mas totas sazos volia mal a'N Bertran. E si' 1 tolc una vetz lo castel d'Autafort, qu'era d'amdos comunalmen.
P 251.5.7. * Poet evicts brother
En Bertrans si'l recobret e si'l casset de tot lo poder.
P 251.5.3. Hostile brothers
Et aquel si s'en anet al vescomte de Lemogas, que'l de- gues mantener contra son fraire et el lo mantenc. E'l reis Richartz lo raantenia contra1N Bertran.
P 12.5.2. * King wages war
En Richartz si guerrejava ab N'Aimar, lo vescomte de Le- mogas, e'N Richartz e N'Aimars si guerrejavon ab En Ber tran e'ill fondian la soa terra e la'il ardian.
P ^27*7.21. * Poet organizes opposition
Bertrans si avia faich jurar lo vescomte de Lemozin e'l comte de Peiregors, que avia nom Talairans al cal Richartz 51
avia touta la ciutat de Peiregors •••
\'I 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
••.Talairans, al cal Richartz avia touta la ciutat de Peiregors e no'il en fazia negun dan, quar el era flacs e vils e nuaillos. En Richartz si avia tolt Gordon a'N Guillem de Gordon et avia promes de ;jurar ab lo vescomte et ab en Bertran de Born et ab los autres baros de Peire gors e de Lemozi e de Caercin, los quals En Richartz deseretava; ...
II 57. * Judgment of fellow man by poet
...don Bertrans lo repres fort.
Z 10.3» Transition formulas
XVII Bertran De Born I. - Razo
P 425*1* * Scribal text reference
Bertrans de Born, si com vos ai dig, ...
A lUrQ$m1m * Dating by reference
Bertrans ...en la sazon qu'el avia guerra ab lo comte ...
P Ij-27*7»21. * Poet organizes opposition
Bertrans ...fez si que'l vescoms de Ventedorn e'l vescoms ...si jureron ab lo comte de Peiregors et ab los borges ... et ab lo seingnor de Ilonfort, o si so sareron ensems per qu'il se defendesson dal comte Richart, que'Is volia deseretar, ...
P 251.5.3* Hostile brothers
...il volion ben al rei jove, son fraire, ab cui el se guerrejava, ...
P 251*5»10» * Brother stripped of possessions
...comte Richart, ...son fraire, ab cui el se guerrejava, al qual el avia toutas las rendas de las caretas, de las quals caretas lo reis joves prendia certa causa, si com lo paire l'o avia donat, e no'l laissava neus albergar sogur en tota la soa terra.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas 52
E por aquost sagramen que tuich aquist avian fait de guerrejar En Richart, Bertrans de Born si fetz aquest sirventes:
P ^27»7»0»2* * Poet strives to destroy peace
•••Bertrans do Born si fetz aquest sirventes: per assegurar totas las gens d'aquella encontrada per lo sagraraent quo aquill avian faich contra'H Richart, e re- prenden lo rei jove quar el en guerra non era plus pros- peros, remenbran a lui com En Richartz 1 1 avia toutas las rendas de las caretas e com li avia fait levar un castel el miei loc de la terra que'l paire l'avia dada, e lau- zan lo seingnor de Puoi-Guillem ...e lauzan si mezeis ... e dis que •••asatz avia el que far ...que tuit aquist lor adjudaravon, ...per lo gran tort qu'En Richartz lor fa- zia; ...
Z 10,3* Transition formulas
E do totas aquestas razos si fetz En Bertrans aquest sirventes quo comenssa:
XVII Bertran De Born J, - Razo
A 1^05,l-« * Dating by reference
Al temps qu'En Richartz era corns de Peitieus, anz qu'el fos reis, ••.
P ^27.7.20. * Poet is enemy
Al temps qu'En Richartz ora corns de Peitieus, .,.Bertrans de Born si era sos enemies, per so que*Em Bertrans volia ben al rei jove, que guerrejava adoncs ab En Richart, •••
P 251. Brothers
•••volia ben al rei jove, ...En Richart, qu'era sos fraire.
P 251»5»3» Hostile brothers
•••roi jove, quo guerrejava adoncs ab En Richart, qu'ora sos fraire.
P ^27.7•21. * Poet organizes opposition
E ’N Bertrans si avia fait jurar contra*N Richart lo bon vescomte de Lomogas, que avia non N'Aemars, ...e'l comte de Digon, 53
P ^27»7*1^*1* * Poet’s helpers abandon him
E tuich aquist si 1 1abandoneron e feiron patz ses lui e si's perjuroron vas lui.
P ^27.7.22. * Abandoned and besieged poet surrenders
En Richartz, cant saub que tuich aquist 1'avian abandonat, el s’en venc denant Autafort ab la soa host e dis e juret que ja mais no s'on partiria s'el no’ill dava Autafort e no venia a son coniandamen. Bertrans ...si'l det lo cas- tel e si venc a son comandar.ien,
P 91.1.0, * Royalty and nobility forgive poet
E'l cons Richartz lo receup perdonan li e baisan lo.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Don Bertrans fetz d'aquestas doas razos aquest sirventes:
Z 10.3, Transition formulas
E sapchatz quo per una cobla qu'el fetz el sirventes, la quals conenssa:
P 310.10. * Friendship results from opposition
...lo corns Richartz li perdonet son brau talan e rendet li son castel Autafort e vongren fin amic coral.
P ^27.7*7»3* * Poet wages war on opposing nobles
E vai s'en En Bertrans e coniensa a guerrejar N'Aeraar, lo vescomte que l'avia deseniparat, e'l comte de Peire gors; don Bertrans receup de grans dans et el a lor fetz de grans mais.
P 191 2. * Social status changes
En Richartz, quan fo devengutz reis, ...
Z ^72. * Travel
En Richartz, ...passet outra mar, ...
P U-2 7 »7 »7 * Poet wages war on opposing nobles
...e'N Bertrans remas guerrejan.
XVII Bertran De Born K. - Razo
I 5**
P 12.5.3* * King makes peace with brother
•••el reis joves ac faita la pats ab son fraire Richart e'il ac fenida la demanda que il fazia de la terra ...
P 233*12. * Father desires peace between sons
•••el reis joves ac faitz la patz ab son fraire Richart ...si com fo la voluntatz del rei Enric lor paire •••
P 12.5.^. * King supports son, unsuccessful con
tender for crown
•••e'l paire li dava certa liurazon de deniers per vianda e per so que besoings l'era •••
P 50.6, * Nobles grieve lost cause
•••e neguna terra no tenia ni possezia ni negus horn a lui no venia per manteneraen ni per secors de guerra, En Bertrans de Born e tuit li autre baron que l'avian mantengut con- tra'N Richart foron molt dolen.
Z 472, * Travel
E'l reis joves si s'en anet en Lombardia tornejar e solasar .••
P 12.5»3»1» * King makes peace and abandons allies
•••E'l reis joves si s'en anet . ,,e laisset totz aquestz baros en la guerra ab En Richart,
P 12,5«5» * Royal brothers contrasted
En Richartz asega bores e chastels e pres terras e derroca et ars et abrassa; e'l reis joves si torniava e dormia e solozava.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Don Bertrans si fetz aquest sirventes que comenssa:
XVXI Bertran De Born L. - Razo
P 19*6, * King eulogized by poet
Lo plainz qu'En Bertrans de Born fetz del rei jove non porta autra razon si non que'l reis joves era lo meiller horn del rnon ... 55
P 19*7• * King and poet are friends
...e'N Bertrans li volia meills qu'a home del mon e lo reis joves ad el meills qu'a home del mon e plus lo cre- zia que home del mon ••.
P 19.7.1. * King's family resents his friends
•••per que lo reis Enrics, sos paire, e'l corns Richartz, sos fraire, volian raal a'N Bertran,
P 16.6 .1 . * King mourned
E per la valor qu'l reis joves avia e per lo gran dol que fon a tota la gen ...
Z 10.3 Transition formulas
•••el fetz lo plaing de lui que dis:
P ^27.7.12. * Poet's song ends in sorrow
Mon chan fenis ab dol et a mal traire.
XVII Bertran De Born M. - Razo
P 12.5.2. * King wages war
Lo reis Enrics d'Englaterra si tenia assis En Bertran de Born dedins Autafort e'l combatia ab sos edificis, que molt li volia gran mal, •••e per so era vengutz denant Autafort per lui desiritar,
P 12.5*2.1.0,2, * King blames poet for war
•••li volia gran mal, car el crezia que tota la guerra que'l reis joves, sos fillz, l'avia faicha, qu'En Ber trans la'il agues faita far, •••
P 12.5.2.0, * Royal friend appears before castle
of besieged poet
E'l reis d'Arragon venc en l'ost del rei Enric denan Auta fort, E cant Bertrans o saub, si fo molt alegres que'l reis d'Arragon era en l'ost, per so qu'el era sos amics especials. P 12.5.2,0.1. * Royal friend asks provisions of poet
E'l reis d'Arragon si mandet sos messatges dinz lo castel 56 qu'En Bertrans li mandes pan e vin e earn, et si l'en mandet assatz.
P 1*27.7.15.1*. * Besieged poet asks for help
E per lo messatge per cui el mandet los presenz el li mandet pregan qu'el fezes si qu'el fezes mudar los edi- ficis e far traire en autre part, que'l murs on li ferion era tot rotz.
P lip.12.1.6. * King betrays friend
Et el, per gran aver del rei Enric, el li dis tot so qu'En Bertrans l'avia mandat a dir. E'l reis Enrics si fetz metre dels edificis plus en aquela part on saup que'l murs era rotz, e fon lo murs ades per terra e l castels pres.
P 12.5.2.1*.1. * King makes prisoners of conquered nobles
En Bertrans ab tota sa gen fon menatz al pabaillon del rei Enric e'l reis lo receup molt mal.
P 12.5*2.2. * King threatens nobles
"Bertrans, Bertrans, vos avetz dig que anc la meitatz del vostre sen no'us ac mestier nuills temps, mas sapchatz qu'ara vos a el bo mestier totz."
P 12,5.2.0.2. * King accuses poet of folly
"Eu ere ben qu'el vos sia aras faillitz."
P 1*27.7.16. * Poet attributes senselessness to grief
"Seigner, dis en Bertrans, lo jorn que'l valens joves reis, vostre fillz, nori, eu perdi lo sen e'l saber e la conoissinsa.
P ll*.25.1. * King mourns his son and restores poet
his wealth and position in son's name
...En Bertrans, vos avetz ben drech ...si vos avetz per- sut lo sen per mon fill, qu'el vol volia meils que ad home del mon. Et eu, per amor de lui, vos quit la per sona e l'aver e'l vostre castel e vos ren la mia amor e la mia gracia, e vos don cinc cenz marcs d'argen per los dans que vos avetz receubutz.
P 11*.12.1.7. * King's betrayal discovered 57
Bn Bertrans, can saup que'l reis d'Arragon l'evia faita si laida fellonia, fo molt iratz ab lo rei N'Anfos. B si sabia com era vengutz al rei Enric esser soudadiers lo- gaditz e sabia com lo reis d'Arragon era vengutz de paubra generacion •••
Z k-71. * Place of origin
•••e sabia com lo reis d'Arragon era vengutz de paubra generacion de Carlades, d'un castel que a nom Carlat, qu*os en la seingnoria del comte de Rodes.
P 210. Husband and wife
E'N Peire de Carlat, qu’era seingner del castel. per valor e per proessa si pres per moiller la comtessa d'Amillau,...
P 233.11*. * Birthright passes to daughters due to
lack of son
...la comtessa d'Amillau, qu'era caseguda en eretat, ...
Z k*H. * Parentage
E'N Peire de Carlat, ...pres per moiller la comtessa d'Amillau, ...e si n'ac un fil, ..
0.1. * Favorable qualities
...un fil, que fon valens e pros, e conquis lo comtat de Proenssa.
P 17.1^. * King is first one
Bt us sos fils si conquis lo comtat do Barsalona et ac nom Raimons Berengiers, lo quals conquis lo regisme d ’Arragon e fo lo primiers reis que anc fos en Arragon.
P 13*5*2. * King is crowned at Rome
Et anet penre corona a Roma, ...
P 16.10. * King dies while traveling
...cant s'en tornava e fon al bore Saint Dalmas, el mori.
Z kkl. * Parentage
E romanseron ne trei fill: Anfos, lo quals fo reis d'Ar ragon, aquest que fetz lo mal d'En Bertran de Born, e l'au- tro, don Sancho, ot l'autro Berengiers de Bosaudunos. 58
W 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
£ saup com el avia traida la filla de l'emperador Manuel, •••e los raubet de tot l1aver ...e com los enviet per mar marritz e consiros e desconseillatz, e com sos fraire Sanchos l 1avia touta Proenssa, e con s'esperjuret.
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
E de totas aquestas razons fetz En Bertrans de Born lo sirventes que ditz:
XVII Bertran Be Born N. - Razo
P **25.1. * Scribal text reference
Si com avez maintas vetz auzit, ...
P 251»5»3* Hostile brothers
» ...En Bertrans de Born e sos fraire, En Costantis, agren totz temps guerra ensens et agren gran malvolenssa 1 us a l 1autre, ...
P 251.5.11. * Brothers dispute inheritance
•..chascus volia esser seingner d'Autafort, lo lor comu- nal castel per razo.
P 251,5*7. * Poet evicts brother
...En Bertrans agues presa e tolguda Autafort e cassat Costanti e sos fills de la terra, ...
P 251.5.8.1. * Brother seeks allies against brother
En Costantis s’en anet a N*Aemar, ...et a'N Amblart, ... et a’N Taillaran, ...querre lor merce, qu‘il lo deguesson ajudar contra son fraire, ...
P 251.5*9« * Poet -wishes to disinherit brother
...En Bertran, qe malamen tenia Autafort, q*era raieuz sieus, e no l'en volia dar neguna part, anz l’avia mala men deseretat.
P 251.5.10.1. * Disinherited brother recovers inheritance
Et ill l'ajuderon ...e feiron lone temps gran guerra ab lui et a la fin tolgren li Autafort. 59
P 251.5.8. * Poet wars on brother
Sn Bertrans s'en escampet ab la soa gen e comenset a guerrejar Autafort ab totz sos amlcs e parens.
P 251.5.12. * Hostile brothers make peace
Et avenc se qu'En Bertrans cerquet concordl e patz ab son fraire, e fon faicha grans patz e vengron amic.
P 251.5.13. * Treacherous brother breaks peace
Mas quant En Bertrans fon ab tota la soa gen dinz lo castel d*Autafort, si'l fetz faillimen e no'il tenc sagramen ni conven, e tolc lo chastel a gran fellonea a son fraire.
D 1291.2.1. Sign in stars as portent
E so fon un dia de diluns, en lo qual era tals ora e tals poinz que segon la razon dels agurs ni dels poinz e d'estrolomia non era bon comensar negun gran faich.
Z 1*72. * Travel
E'N Constantis s'en anet al rei Enric d'Englaterre ...
P 251.5.8.1. * Brother seeks allies against brother
E'N Constantis s'en anet al rei Enric d'Englaterre et a'N Richart, lo comte de Peitieus, querre mantenemen contra'N Bertran.
P 251.5.10.1. * Disinherited brother regains inheritance
E'l reis Enrics, ...e'l corns Richartz ...feiron gran ost et assetgeiron Autafort, et a la fin preiseron lo castel e'N Bertran.
P 91.1.1. * King makes peace with poet
Mas per las paraulas las quals el membret al rei Enric del rei jove, son fill, lo reis li rendet Autafort e perdonet li, el e'l corns Richartz, totz sos mais talans, ...
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
...si com vos avetz auzit en l'estoria que es escrita denan sobre lo sirventes que dis:
Z 10,3. Transition formulas 6o
•••si com •••es escrita denan sobre lo sirventes que dis:
M 57«1» * Poet judged by fellow man
Mas quan lo reis Snrics li rendia Autafort, dis solazan ves de Bertran: "Sia toa, be la des tu aver per razon, tan gran fellonia fezis de ton fraire."
Z V? 2. * Travel
•••e'l reis Enrics e'l corns Richartz s'en torneron en lor terra ab lor gen.
P 50.6.1, * Nobles displeased by peace settlement
Quant li autre baron •••auziron so e viron qu'En Bertrans avia ancaras lo castel, foron mout dolen et irat •••
P 251,5.13.1. * Brother loses appeal of peace terms
to king
•••li autre baron •••conseilleron Constanti qu'el se re clames •••denan lo rei Enric •••Mas Bertrans mostret al rei lo jutgamen qu'el avia fait, car el l'avia ben fait escrire, e'l reis s'en ris e'is sollasset. En Bertrans s'en anet ad Autafort e Costantis no'n ac autra razo.
P j+27«7*7»3« * Poet wages war on opposing nobles
Mas li baron que adjudavon Costanti feiren ab lui lone temps grant guerra a'N Bertran et el ad els,
P 251«5«1^« * Brother remains hostile until death
E tant com visquet no'il vole rendre lo castel ni far patz ab son fraire ni treva.
Z 1*73. * Death of poet
E can fon mortz, •••
P 251«5»15* * Inheritance settled after death of one
hostile brother
E can fon mortz, acorderon si li fill d'En Bertran ab En Costanti, lor oncle, et ab sos filz, lorcosins.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
t 61 E per aquestas razos fetz En Bertrans aquest sirventes que dis:
XVII Bertran De Born 0. - Razo
F 91«1*0, * Royalty and nobility forgive poet
• §.lo reis Enrics ac renduda gracia a Bertram de Bora ••• e'l reis Richarts •••l'ac perdonat ...
N 138. * Poet's luck changes
Quan lo reis Enrics ac renduda gracia a Bertram de Bora e l'ac laisat della preison e l'ac rendut Autafort e ac dich be'n devia estre seingner, e'l reis Richarts, qe adons era corns de Piteus, l'ac perdonat so mal talan, el si fo mout alegres e gais ...
H H . 1,5. * Identification by reference
...e'l reis Richarts, qe adons era corns de Piteus ...
P *4-27 .7 *7 .3. * Poet wages war on opposing nobles
••.Bertram de Born ...comenset ados a gerejar N'Aseimar, lo vescont de Lemotges, Bn Talairan, lo seingnor de Mon- teignac, e’N Amblart, lo fraire del conte de Pereguirs, e totz cels que mantenion so fraire Constantin ...
P 251.5.7.0.1. * Poet evicts brother
...so fraire Constantin, lo cal el avia cassat d 1Autafort.
P 319.10.1.0. * Noble friend orders subjects to help poet
E'l corns Richartz fez li aida a tota la sua gen e ordenet qe tuich li castel li fosson obert.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E fez aqest sirventes que ditz:
XVII Bertran De Born P. - Razo
P ^25.1, * Scribal text reference
Ben avetz entendutz los mais q1En Bertrans de Born re- merabret ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities •••los mais remembret que'l reis d'Arragon avia faitz de lui e d'autrui*
M 57* * Judgment of fellow man by poet
Et a cap d'una gran sazon qu'el n'ac apres d'autres mais qu'el avia faitz, si lo'1 vole retraire en un autre sir ventes.
P I 1*. 12.1.1. * King usurps castle
•••un cavallier ...avia un bon castel ...B'l reis si en- tendia molt en aques chastel ...e En Espagnols si'l venc encontra per servir lo e per envidar lo al sieu castel, e menet lo charament, •••E'l reis, quan fo dedinz lo cas tel, lo fetz penre e tnenar deforas, e tolc lo castel.
P Ik,12,1.2, * King steals allies' ransom
•••lo corns de Tolosa si'l desconfis ...e tolc li be cin- quanta cavalliers; e'l reis Enrics li det tot l'aver que'ill cavallier devian pagar per la reenson et el no'l paget l'aver als cavalliers, anz l'en portet en Arragon. E'ill cavallier isseron de preison e pageron l'aver,
W 227* * Just obligations refused
•••us joglars, que avia nom Artusetz, li prestet dos cenz marabotis e menet lo ben un an ab si e no'il en det denier
S 110.0. * Man killed in fight
...Artusetz joglars si se meslet ab un Juzieu, e'ill Juzieu li vengron sobre e nafreron Artuset malamen, ... Et Artusetz et us sos compaings aucisseron un Juzieu, ...
P lk,12,l,k, * King sells murderers to avengers
...li Juzieu aneron al rei e pregueron lo qu'el en fezes vendeta e que lor des Artus e l compaingnon per aucire, e qu'ill li darian dos centz marabotis. E'il reis los lor donet amdos e pres los dos centz marabotis.
S 112, Burning to death
E'ill Juzieu los feiron ardre lo jorn de la nativitat de Crist, •••
P k2$,l, * Scribal text reference
•••si com dis Guillems de Berguedam en un sieu sirventes,. 63
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
•••si com dis Guillems de Berguedam en un sieu sirventes, dizen en el mal del rei:
M 57. * Judgment of fellow man by poet
£ non degra aici jutgar A mort ni a passion Dos per un Juzieu fellon.
F H*.12.1.5. * King allows man to be killed
Don us autre, que avia nom Peire Joglars, li prestet deniers e cavaus; et aquel Peire Joglars si avia grans mais ditz de la veilla reina d*Englaterra, la quals tenia Font-Ebrau, que es una abadia on se rendon totas las veillas ricas. Et ella lo fetz ausire per paraula del rei d'Arragon.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
£ totz aquestz laitz faitz remenbret En Bertrans de Born al rei d Arragon en aquest sirventes que dist
XVII Bertran De Born Q. - Razo
P 12.5*2. * King wages war
£n lo temps et en la sazon que lo reis Richartz d 1Engla terra guerrajava ab lo rei Pelip de Pransa, si foron amdui en camp ab tota lor gen.
A lU-85.1. * Dating by reference
En lo temps et en la sazon que lo reis Richartz d 1Engla terra guerrejava ab lo rei Pelip de Pransa, •••
P 12.5.2.1.0. * Allies
Lo reis de Pransa si avia ab se Prances e Bergoingnos e Campanes e Flamencs e cels de Berrion; e'l reis Richartz avia ab se Engles e Normanz e Bretons e Peitaus e cels d'Anjeu e de Torrena e dal Naina e de Saintonge e de Lemozin, ...
Z 2 .U-, * Location by reference
...et era sobre la riba d'un flum que a nom Saura, lo quals passa al pe de Niort. V l*6l. Clerical virtue
E 1 1una ostz si era d'una riba e 1*autra ostz era de 1'autra, ...e chascun jorn s'armavan et appareillavan de venir a la batailla ensems. Mas arcivesque et eves- que et abat et borne d'orde, que cercavan patz, eran en miecb e defendian que la batailla no era,
P 12.5,3,2.2, * King imposes peace conditions
E'l reis de Franza dizia que la batailla no remanria si’l reis Richartz no'ill fazia fezeutat de tot so que avia de sa. mar, ...
P 12.5.3.2.1. * Peace efforts between kings fail
Et En Richartz, quan auzi aquesta paraula que'l reis Felips demandava, per la grant baudesa qu'el avia, ... aordena las esqueiras ...a la batailla.
P 12.5.2.1.0.1. * Allies paid to commit treason
...li Campanes avian a lui promes que no'ill serion a l'encontra per la grant cantitat dels esterlins que avia semenatz entre lor ...e tota la soa gens monteron en destriers e preseron lor armas per venir a la batailla trait li Campanes, que no raeteron elmes en testa.
P 1^,12,1,8. * King sues for peace out of cowardice
E'l reis Felips, quant vi venir En Richart e la soa gen ab tant gran vigor e vi que'ill Campanes no venian a la batailla, el fon avilitz et espaventatz, e comensa far apareillar los arcivesques e'ls evesques et homes de religion, ...e preguet lor qu'ill aneson pregar En Richart de la patz far e del concordi, ,.,
P 12.5*3.2. * Kings make peace
E li saint home vengron ab las crotz en bratz encontra lo rei Richart, ...Et el, per los precs dels bos homes de religion e per lo conseill dels seus baros, si fetz la patz e'l concordi, ...E feiron jurar ambedui la patz a detz anz e deisfeiron lor ostz e deiron comjat als sou- dadiers, ...
W 100,1. * Unfavorable qualities
...e vengron escars et avars ambedui li rei, e cobe, e no volgron far ost ni despendre si non en falcos et en austors et en cans et en lebriers et en coraprar terras e possessions et en far tort a lor baros.
P 50,6.1. * Nobles displeased by peace settlement
Don tuit li baron del rei de Pransa ...e li baron del rei Richart, ...foron trist e dolen ...car avian la patz faicha per que chascuns dels dos reis era vengutz escars e vilans. E'N Bertrans de Born si fo plus iratz que negus dels au- tres baros, ...
P 427.7*0.2.2. * Poet gladdened by discord
••.Bertrans de Born si fo plus iratz que negus ...per car el ...avia d'En Richard tot so qu'el volia d'aver e d'on or et era temsutz d'amdos los reis per lor dire de la lenga.
P 50.1t.l. * Poet feared
...era temsutz d'amdos los reis per lor dire de la lenga.
P if27.7«0.2. * Poet strives to destroy peace
Don el, per volontat qu'el ac que'il rei torneson a la guerra e per volontat qu'el vi als autres baros, ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...si fetz aquest sirventes lo quals comenssa:
XVTI Bertran De Born R. - Razo
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
Quant En Bertrans ac faich lo sirventes que ditz:
P 5 O.5 .O. * Nobles i/elcome war song of poet
Quant En Bertrans ac faich lo sirventes que ditzs
et ac dich al rei Felip com perdia de cinc ducatz los tres ...tuit li baron de Peitieus e de Lemozin en foron molt alegre, que molt erent trist de la patz, per so que meins n'eran onrat e car tengut per amdos los reis.
M 57• * Judgment of fellow man by poet
...Frances e Bergoingnon avian cambiat honor per cobeza, ...Felips ...non avia volguda la patz, cant fon desarmatz, e, si tost com el fon armatz, perdet per viutat l'ardimen e la forza, e ...mal semblava del cor Enric, ... 66
H 11.1.5, * Identification byreference
•.•Enric, l'oncle de Raol de Cambrais, ...
M 57 • * Judgment of fellow man by poet
••.Enric, ...desarmatz vole que la patz si fezes de Raol ...ab los quatre fills N 1Albert e depois que fon armatz, non vole patz ni concordi, e com totz reis era aunitz e desonratz, ...e per far vergoingna als Campanes dels es- terlins que foron semenat entre lor, per so qe ill no vol- gueson tornar a la guerra,
P 297* Nephew
••.Enric, l'oncle de Raol de Cambrais, ...vole que la patz si fezes de Raol, son nebot, ...
P 233* Father and son
...ab los quatre fills N'Albert ...
W 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
Lo reis Richartz si carguet mout d'orgoill d'aquesta patz e comenset far torz e desmesuras em las terras del rei de Fransa ...
Z Ur72.L. * Location by reference
...las terras del rei de Fransa que marcavon ab las terras d'En Richart.
P 12.5.3.2.1. * Peace efforts between kings fail
E'l reis Felips venia a reclam ...e'N Richartz no volia per lor tortz ni dreg far; don amdui vengron a grans pa- raulas et a malas, si qu'En Richartz lo desmenti e'l cla- niet vil recrezen. E si's desfieron e si's partiron mal.
P 427»7*0.2.2. * Poet gladdened by discord
E cant Bertrans de Born auzi que il eront mal partit, si fo molt alegres.
P i+25»l* * Scribal text reference
Et aisso fon el temps al comensament d'estiu; ...
Z 10.3* Transition formulas 67
•••don Bertrans fetz aquest sirventes que vos aras auziretzj
P ^27.7.0,2. * Poet strives to destroy peace
Et en aquel sirventes el pois fort lo rei Pelip qu'el de- gues comensar la guerra ab lo rei Richart a fuoc et a sane e dis que'11 reis Felips volia mais patz c'uns morgues* e'N Richartz* •••volia mais guerra que negus dels Algais, qu'eran quatre fraire* gran raubador, •••
Z 183, Symbolic names
•••'N Richartz, ab cui el s'apelava "Oc e Non"* •••
XVII Bertran De Born S. - Razo
P 427•7,0,2, * Poet strives to destroy peace
Anc mais per ren qu'En Bertrans de Born disses an cobias ni en sirventes al rei Pelip ni per recordamen de tort ni d'aunimen que'ill fos faitz no vole guerrejar lo rei Ri chart • • •
P 12.5.2. * King wages war
•••En Richartz si sailli a la guerra, e quant el vit la frevoleza del rei Pelip, e raubet e prenet e ars castels e bores e villas* et aucis homes e pres •••
P 50*5* * Nobles rejoice over war
•••don tuich li baro a cui desplasia la patz foron molt alegre, e'N Bertrans de Born plus que tuich* per so que plus volia guerra qu'autr'om ...
A 1577*1« * Origin of symbolic names
•••crezia que per lo seu dire lo reis Richartz agues co- mensada la guerra, ab lo qual el s'apellava "0c e No" ...
P Jj-25.1* * Scribal text reference
••.si com auziretz el sirventes qu'el fetz ...
A 1^85*1* * Dating by reference
•••el sirventes qu'el fetz si tost com el auzi qu'En Richartz era saillitz a la guerra •••
Z 10.3. Transition formulas 68
• ••et el fetz aquest sirventes que cotnenssa:
XVII Bertran De Bom T. - Razo
P 91.1.1. * King makes peace with poet
•••Richartz ac faita la paz con Bertran de Born e'ill ac rendut son castel, Autafort ...
Z 472. * Travel
•••el se croset, lo reis Richartz, e passet oltra mar ...
A 1485,1, * Dating by reference
Qant Richartz ac faitz la paz con Bertran de Born •..el se croset •••e passet oltra mar .,,
P 427.7*7.3. * Poet wages war on opposing nobles
••.Bertrans remas guerrejan con N'Aimar, lo uescomte de Lemoges, e con lo comte de Peiregors e con totz los au tre s baros de viron.
P 425.1. * Scribal text reference
E, si com avez entendut .••
P 15.9. * King imprisoned
•••qan Richartz s1en tornava, el fo pres en Alemagna e si estec en preson dos anz ...
P 15.10. * King ransomed
•••Richartz •••fo pres ...e si estec en preson ...e si se rezemet per aver,
P 15,11. * Poet selfishly rejoices over king's
release
E qan Bertrans de Born saup qe'l reis devia issir de prei- son, molt fo alegres per lo gran ben q'el sabia q'el au- ria del rei e per lo dan qe seria a sos enimics.
P 427.7.0.3. * Poet records acts against king
E sapchatz q1En Bertrans auia escript en son oor totz los mals e'ls dans qe aqist guerejador avian faitz en Lemozin e en las terras del rei Richart, 69
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E fez son sirventesi
XVII Bertran De Born U, - Razo
Z 1*72. * Travel
Quant lo reis Richartz s1en fon passatz outra mar, ...
P 50.7. * Noblemen recover lands ...tuit li baron de Lemozi e de Peiregors se jureron en- sems e feiron gran ost e anerent als castels et als bores qu'En Richartz lor avia toutz. Et enaissi combateron e preseron totz aquels que'is deffendion et enaissi cobreron gran re d'aquel qu'En Richartz lor avia tout.
Z 1*7 2. * Travel
E quant En Richartz fon vengutz d*outra mar ...
P 15.9.1. * King released from prison
E quant En Richartz fon ...issuz de preison, ...
P 12.5.2.2.0. * King threatens nobles
...Richartz ...molt fo iratz e dolens dels chastels e dels bores que'ill baron l'evian toutz e comenset los a menassar fortmon de deseretar los e de destruire los.
P 50.5.1. * Nobles threaten king
E'l vescoms de Lemogas e'l corns de Peiregors, per lo man- tenemen que'l reis de Pransa lor avia fait e fazia, si'l tengron las soas menassas a nien e'il manderon dizen qu'el era vengutz trop braus e trop orgoillos e que ill mal son grat lo farian franc e cortes et humil, e que ill lo cas- tiarian guerrejan.
V/ 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
.••e'il manderon dizen qu'el era vengutz trop braus e trop orgoillos ...
P 1*27.7.0.2.2. * Poet gladdened by discord
Don Bertrans de Born, si com cel que non avia autra ale- gressa mas de mesclar los barons de guerra, cant auzi que'l reis menassava aquels baros que no'l prezavan ren e metion 70
per nien lo sieu dig e que ill l'avion mandat dizen que ill lo chastiarion e'l farion mal son grat tornar franc e cortes, Bn Bertrans si'n fo molt alegres,
P 427.7.0.2. * Poet strives to destroy peace
£ sabia que'il reis en era fort dolens et iratz d'aisso que ill dizion e del castel de Montron e d'Azgen que ill avian tout, e fetz un son sirventes per far saillir lo rei Richart a la guerra.
P 427.7.19.1. * Poet sends poem to nobleman
£ cant el ac fait son sirventes, el lo mandet a'N Rai- mon Jauzeran, . ..
Z 471, * Place of origin
•••Raimon Jauzeran, qu'ora del comtat d'Urgel, seingner de Pinous, •••
\'I 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Raimon Jauzeran, ,.,era ...valens bom e lares e cortes e gentils, e non era nuls bom en Cataloingna que valgues lui per la persona; •••
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
•••et entendia se en la Marquesa, ...
Z LLl, * Parentage
...la Marquesa, ...era filla del comte d'Urgel ...
P 210, Husband and wife
...la Marquesa, ...era ...moiller d'En G-irout de Cabri- eras, ...
P 191.1. Social status
...En Girout de Cabrieras, qu'era lo plus rics hom e'l plus gentils de Cataloingna, trait lo comte d'Urgel, son seingnor.
Z 10.3. Transition fromulas
£ comensa enaissi lo sirventes:
XVIII Bertran De Born Lo Fills 71
P 17.8.1. * Kingship goes to brother at death of king
Quant lo reis Richartz fo mortz( el remas us sos fraire, que avia non Jo loans ses Terra, ...£ fon faitz reis d 1Engla- terra et ac lo regisme e'l dicat de Quitania e'l comtat de Peitieus.
A 1577• Origin of personal names
...quo avia nom Johans ses Terra, per so qu'el non avia part de la terra.
P 15.2.1. King carries off subject's wife and
makes her his own
...el s'en anet al comte d'Bngolelma, que avia una mout bela filla ...la qual avia faita jurar Bn Richartz a'N Ugo lo Brun, ...el corns d'Bngolelma l'avia jurada la filla a moiller e receubut per fill, •••£ dis al comte d'Bngolelma qu'el volia sa filla per moiller, e fez se la dar, et esposet la ades e montet a caval et anet s'en ab sa moiller en Normandia,
II 11.1.5* * Identification by reference
...'N Ugo lo Brun, qu'era corns de la Marqua, et era botz d'En Jaufre de Laseingna et era sos vasals; ...
Z If72. * Travel
...et esposet la ades e montet a caval et anet s'en ab sa moiller en Normandia.
U 26I4-. * Age revealed
...que avia una mout bela filla piucella, que avia ben quinze anz, ...
P 15*2.2. * Husband of stolen wife plans overthrow
of robber king
£ quant lo corns de la Marqua saup que'l reis l'avia touta sa moiller, fon molt dolens et anet s'en reclamar a totz sos parens et a totz sos amics ...e preiron conseill que •..tolguessen lo fil del comte Jaufre, ...e qu'en fezessen lor seingnor; ...qu'el era ...enanz natz que'l reis Jo hans. ...e tolgron al rei Peitieus ...
P 15.3*2.1. * King's conquered lands retaken while 72
he remains constantly with his wife
Et el s'estava ab sa moiller en Normandia, que noit ni jorn mais de leis no'is partia, ...Et aquist baron li tolion tota la terra.
P 12.5.2.4.0. * King conquers revolted nobles
Ben s'avenc qu'un jor lor venc granz desaventura, que il avion sa maire assissa en un castel ...et el, •••si la socors •••£ trobet los durraen e pres los totz ...
P 15.2.1.0. * King cannot bear separation from wife
E per jelosia de la moiller, car no podia viure ses leis, el abandonet Peitieus e tornet s'en en Normandia ...
P 12.5.2.4.1. * King makes prisoners of conquered nobles
...e laisset los preisoniers per sagramenz e per ostages, e passet s'en en Engleterra e menet ab si Artus 'N Sava- ric de Maleon e'l vescomte de Castel Airaut.
P 12.5.2.4.2. * King punishes conquered nobles
E fetz negar son nebot Artus, e'N Savaric de Maleon fetz metre en la tor Corp, lai on hom mais no manjava ni bevia, e'l vescomte del Castel Airaut atressi.
P 15*3*2.1. * King's conquered lands retaken while
he remains constantly with his wife
E tan tost com lo reis de Pranza saup que lo reis Johans ab sa moiller era passatz en Engleterra, el entret ab gran ost en Normandia e tolc li tota la terra. E'ill baron de Peitieu si reveleron e tolgron li tot Peitieu trait la Rochella.
P 12.5«4.3« * King makes peace with escaped prisoner
E'N Savarics de Maleon, com hom valenz e savis e lares, si s'engeingna si q'el escampet foras de la preison e pres lo castel on el estava pres. E'l reis Joans fetz patz ab el, qu'el lo laisset anar e det li en guarda to ta la terra qu'el non avia perdida de Peitieus e de Gas- coingna.
P 12.5.2.4.4. * Escaped prisoner fights enemies of king
who made peace with him 73
E'N Savarics s'en venc e comenset la guerra ab totz los enemies del rei Joban e tolc lor tot Peitieu e tota G-as- coingna.
P 15.2.1.0. * King cannot bear separation from wife
E'l reis si sojornava en Englaterra en cambra ab sa moil ler ni no donava socors ni ajutori a'N Savaric de Maleon d'aver ni de gen.
Z Jj^l. * Parentage
Don Bertrans de Born lo Joves, lo fills d'En Bertran de Born d'aquels autres sirventes, ...
P 427*7»7«2.3» * Poet satisfies popular demand
•••per lo besoing qu'era a'N Savaric e per lo reclam que tota la genz de Quitania e del comtat de Peitieus en fa- zian, si fetz aqest sirventes:
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
...si fetz aqest sirventes:
XIX Bertran Del Pojet
P 191.1. * Social status
...si fo uns gentils castellans ...
Z tyl. * Place of origin
•••si fo ...de Proenssa, de Teunes, ...
0.1. * Favorable qualities
...si fo uns gentils castellans ...valenz cavalliers e lares, e bons guerriers.
A * Literary criticism
E fez bonas cansos e bons sirventes.
XX Blacasset
Z fyU-l. * Parentage
En Blancassetz si fo fills d'En Blancatz ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities 7U.
•..En Blancatz ...fon lo meillor gentil hom de Proenza e'l plus onratz baros e'l plus adreltz e'l plus lares e'l plus cortes e'l plus gracios.
En Blancassetz ...fon ben adreichamen sos fils en totas valors et en totas bontatz et en totas larguesas; et fon grant amador, et entendla se de trobar, •••
A 1L6L.L, * Literary criticism
•••et fon bon trobador e fez mantas bonas cansos.
XXI Blacatz
Z L71. * Place of origin
En Blancatz si fo de Proensa •••
if 0,1, * Pavorable qualities
••^si fo •••gentils bars et autz e rics, lares et adreichs. E plac li dons e domneis e guerra e messios e cortz e ma- zans e bruda e chanz e solatz, e tuich aquil faich per qu'om bons a pretz e valor.
V LOO. Charity
Et anc non fo hom a qui tant plagues prendre com a lui donar: el fo aquel que mantenc los desmantenguz et aparet totz los desanparatz,
V LlO.3. * Charity rewarded in spiritual and
temporal wealth
Et on plus venc de temps, plus crec de larguessa e de cortesia e de valor d'armas e de terra e de renda ed'on- or, e plus l'ameren li amic, e li enemic lo tensen plus; e crec sos sens e sos sabers e sos trobars e sa gaillar- dia e sa drudaria.
XXII Cadenet
Z L71. * Place of origin
...si fo de Proensa, d'un castel que a nom Cadenet ...
Z L71.1. * Place of origin by reference
•••si fo ...d'un castel que a nom Cadenet, qu'es en la riba de Durensa, el comtat de Polcaqier. 75
Z U-ifl. * Parentage
Fils fo d fun paubre cavallier.
P ^27#7»15»1» * Poet's adventures
E quant el era enfas, lo castels de Cadenet si fo des- trutz e raubatz per la gent del corate de Tolosa, e 11 orae de la terra raort e pres; et el en fo raenatz pres en Tol- san per un cavallier q'avia nom Guillem de Lantar*
V i^OO. Charity
•••Guillem de Lantar ...lo noiri e'l tenc en sa maion ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
•••et el venc bos e bels e cortes, e saup ben trobar e cantar e parlar •.•
J 0, Acquisition of knowledge
•••saup ben trobar e cantar e parlar, et apres a trobar cobias e sirventes,
Z ^72. * Travel
E parti se del seingnor quo l'avia noirit et anet per cortz ...
P 191.2. * Social status changes
...et anet per cortz e fez se joglars ...
A 1577• Origin of personal names
...e fez se joglars; e fasia se apellar Baguas.
Z **72. * Travel
Lone temps anet a pe desastrucs per lo mon, E venc se'en Proensa, ...
A 1577* Origin of personal names
•••venc •••en Proensa, e nuillz hom no'1 conoisia; e fez se clamar Cadenet ...
A lL6*J-.L. * Literary criticism
•••e comonset cansos a far bonas e bellas. 76
Z ^71« * Place of origin
E'N Raimonz Leugier de dos Frairest de l'evesquat de Nissa ••.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
E'N Raimonz Leugier •••lo mes en arnes •••
W ^5.2, * Honor bestowed on poet
E'N Raimonz •••lo mes •••en honor* E'N Blancatz l'onora e'l fetz grans bens. Longa sason ac gran ben e gran honor*
P ^27*7«11» * Poet abandons poetry
E pois el si se rendet a l'Ospital •••
Z ^73# * Death of poet,
•••se rendet a l'Ospital, e lai el definet.
P ^25«5«1« * Scribe offers self as source
E tot lo sieu faig eu saubi per auzir et per vezer.
XXIII Castelloza (NA)
Z U-71. * Place of origin
Na Casteloza si fo d'Alvergne, •••
P 210, Husband and wife
Na Casteloza si fo •••moillior del True de Maurona.
T 29*2, * Wife falls in love with another man
Na Casteloza si fo •••moillier del True de Maurona. Et ama N'Arman de Breon •••
T 29.2.1, * Wife in love with another man writes
poems about him
Na Casteloza si fo •••moillier del True de Maurona* Et ama N'Arman de Breon e fez de lui sas cansos,
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Na Casteloza si fo •••mout gaia e mout enseingnada e mout bella. 77 Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aqui son escriptas de las soas cansos,
XXIV Cercamon
P 191.1. * Social status
Cercamons si fo uns joglars ...
Z ^71* * Place of origin
Cercamons si fo ...de Gascoingna, ...
P ^83.1. * Provencal joglar composes poetry
...si fo uns joglars ...e trobet vers e pastoretas ...
A 146^.^. * Literary criticism
•..si ...trobet vers e pastoretas a la usanza antiga.
Z ij-72. * Travel
Cercamons ...cerquet tot lo raon lai on el poc anar, ...
A 1577. Origin of personal names
.cerquet tot lo non lai on ol poc anar, e per so fez se dire Cercamons.
XXV Lo Corns De Peiteus
V/ 0.1. * Favorable qualities
.••si fo uns dels majors cortes del mon ...e bons caval- liers d ’armas e lares de dompnejar ...
A 1^6^.^-. * Literary criticism
...saup ben trobar e cantar.
Z 1*7 2. * Travel
Et anet lone temps per lo mon ...
T 72. Woman won and then scorned
Lo corns de Peiteus si fo uns ...dels majors trichadors de dompnas ...Et anet lone temps per lo mon per enganar las domnas. 78
Z Hn. * Parentage
Lo corns de Peiteus •••ac un fill •••
P 210. Husband and wife
•••ac un fill, que ac per moiller la duquessa de Nonaan- dia •••
Z LLl. * Parentage
••.un fill, que ac per moiller la duquessa de Norman dia, don ac una filla ...
Z LLl, * Parentage
•••una filla que fo moiller del rei •••maire del rei Jove e d'En Richart e del comte Jaufre de Bretaingna.
P 210. Husband and wife
...ac una filla que fo moiller del rei Enric d'Engleterra • • •
XXVI Lo Corns De Rodes
VI 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Lo corns de Rodes si era mout adreics e mout valens ...
J 1115.12. * Clever nobleman composes poetry
Lo corns de Rodes •••si era trobaire.
P ^25.5* * Scribe identifies source
E N'Uc de Sain Circ si'n fetz aqesta cobla:
P ^25«5.1*0. * Scribe quotes source
E N'Uc de Sain Circ si'n fetz aqesta cobla: Seigner corns, no'us cal esmajar
P L27.7.1U-.0, * Poet declares independence from need
Seigner corns, no'us cal esmajar
Q1eu no sui ges vengutz a vos Per ren querre ni demandar, Qe ben ai so qe n'a mestier, 79
P U-27• 7 0.1. * Poet declares nobleman needy
E vos vei qe fallon denier; Per qe non ai on cor qe'us qera re, Anz s'eu'us dava faria gran merce.
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
L>o corns si respondet aqesta cobla:
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
N'Uc de Sain Circ, be'm deu grevar Q* eu veja qe ojan sai fos Paubros e nuz e d'aver bios, Et eu fi vos en ric tornar; Mais me costes qe dui arqier No feiren o dui cavalier* l-l 5 7 * Poet judged by fellow man
Pero ben sai, si'us dava un palafre, Deus qe m'en gar, vos lo prendriatz be*
XXVII La Comtessa De Dia
P 210. Husband and wife
La comtessa *.•si fo moiller d'En Guillem de Peiteus, •••
U 0.1. * Favorable qualities
La comtessa *.* si fo ...bella donna e bona*
T 29*2. * V/ife falls in love with another man
La comtessa ...enamoret se d'En Rambaut d'Aurenga, •••
T 29*2*1* * V/ife in love with another man writes
poems about him
La comtessa' ...enamoret se d'En Rambaut d'Aurenga, e fez de lui mantas bonas cansos*
A l46^,^. * Literary criticism
La comtessa de Dia ...fez de lui mantas bonas cansos. 80
XXVIII Dalfi D'Alvergne
P 191.1. * Social status
Lo Dalfins d'Alverne si fo corns d'Alverne •••
Ti/ 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...si fo ...uns ...dels plus cortes del mon, e dels lares, e'l meiller d'armas ...
J 0, Possession of knowledge
•••si fo ...uns dels plus savis cavalliers ...e que plus saup d'atnor e de domnei e de guerra e de totz faitz avinenz, e'l plus conoissenz e'l plus entendenz •••
A lL6^,^, * Literary criticism
•••si fo •••el •••que meilz trobet sirventes e cobias e tensos ...
\'l 0.1. * Favorable qualities
•••si fo •••el plus gen parlanz hom que anc fos a sen e a solatz.
V ^39. * Largesse impairs wealth
E per la larguosa soa pordet la meitat e plus de tot lo sieu comtat ••.
J 1115,13. * Clever nobleman regains lost wealth
•••e per avareza e per sen o saup tot recobrar, e gazaingnar plus que non perdet,
XXVIII Dalfi D'Alvergne B, - Razo
T 29«3. * Poet falls in love
Lo Dalfins d'Alverne si era drutz d'una dompna d'un son castel, et avia nom dompna Maurina.
T 99«5. * Lady requests food of lover's overseer
Et un dia ella mandet al baile del Dalfin qe'ill des lart ad ous frire, •••
T 99.5.1* * Lady's request granted 81
• ••e'l baile si l'en dot un metz bacon.
H 57,1, * Poet judged by fellow man
E lo vesqes lo saup, e fetz n'aqesta cobla, blasman lo bailie car no'il det lo bacon tot entier e blasman lo Dalfin qe l'o feisetz dar metz:
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
E lo vesqes lo saup, e fetz n 1aqesta cobla, •••
H 57*1* * Poet judged by fellow man
Per Crist, si'l servens fos meus, D'un cotel li dari' al cor, Car fez del bacon partida
Ben saup del Dalfin lo talen, Qe s'el plus ne men no'i meses, A la gauta li dera tres;
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Lo vesqes si era druz d'una fort bela domna, ...
P 210, Husband and wife
Lo vesqes si era druz d'una fort bela domna, q'era moillier d'En Cliantart do Caulec, ...
Z L71. * Place of origin
,,.En Chantart de Caulec, q'estava a Pescadoiras,
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E'l Dalfins si'l respondet a la cobla:
II 57• * Judgment of fellow man by poet
Lo vesqes trob'en sos breus Mais valon cbaulet qe por, E pesca qe l'i covida A Pescadoiras fort soven.
Mas d'una re l'es trop mal pres, Car s'es laisatz ausire Al preveire qe fai lo rire. XXVIII Dalfi D'Alvergne 0. - Razo
J 1115,12. * Clever nobleman composes poetry
Lo Dalfins fetz aqesta cobla d'En Bertram de la Tor •••
P if-83.^. * Proven9al joglar is intermediary
Lo Dalfins fetz aqesta cobla d'En Bertram de la Tor e man- det la'il per Mauret, q'era uns joglars •••
A 1^85.1, * Dating by reference
Lo Dalfins fotz aqesta cobla •••en la saison qe Bertrams ac laisada valor e largessa:
P * Proven9al joglar is intermediary
Mauret, Bertrans a laisada
M 57. * Judgment of fellow man by poet
l-Iauret, Bertrans a laisada, (Manens e rics es asatz), Valor, don fo mout honratz, E 1'anar d 1autr'encontrada; E sojorna a la Tor. E tien faucon e austor, E ere far Pasca o Nadal, Qant son . xx. dins son hostal.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Bertrams respondet al Dalfin en aqesta cobla:
P ^83.4. * Proven9al joglar is intermediary
Mauret, al Dalfin agrada
M 57*0* * Judgment accepted
Mauret, al Dalfin agrada Qe'm digan q1eu son malvatz; E'l reprojers es vertatz:
U 212. To have good servants a lord must be good
"Del cal seignor, tal mainada." Qe eu fui bons tant qant aic bon seignor, 83 Qe a lui plac ni s'o tenc ad honor. Oras, Mauret, pos el no val, S'eu era bons, tonria s'o a mal.
XXVIII Dalfi D'Alvergne D. - Razo
Z 1*71* * Place of origin
Peire Pelisiers si fo de Marcel ...un bore del vescomte de Torrena.
P 191.1. * Social status
Borges fo ...
0.1. * Favorable qualities
Peire Pelisiers ...fo valens e pros e lares e cortes; e montet en si gran valor per proesa e per sen ...
P 191*2. * Social status changes
...‘l vescoms lo fetz baile de tuta la sua terra.
T 29*3* * Poet falls in love
E'l Dalfins d'Alverne, en aqella sason, si era drutz de Na Comtor, ...
Z U-U-l, * Parentage
...Na Comtor, filla del vescomte, ...
0.1. * Favorable qualities
...Na Comtor, ...q'era on gran prez de beutat e de valor.
V/ 11. Generosity
En Peire Pelisiers lo servia totas vetz, qant el venia, de tot so q'el volia, e'il prestava son aver.
W 227. * Just obligations refused
E qant Peire Pelisiers vole l'aver recobrar, lo Dalfins no 1 vole pagar, e l'esqivet a rendre gierdon del servise q'el li avia fait, ...
T 71. Woman scorned in love
•••ot abandonet la dompna de veser ni de venir en aqella encontrada on ella ostava, ni mes ni letra no'il mandet • • • Z 10.3* Transition formulas
•••don Peire Pelisiers fetz aqesta cobla:
M 57. * Judgment of fellow man by poet
Al Dalfin q'estei dins son hostal, E manje pro e's gart d 1 esniagresir, C'om piez no sap a son amic gandir, Qant n'ac tot trait lo gasaing e'l capdal.
M 57.1. * Poet judged by fellow man
Lo Dalfins respondet a Peire Pelisier vilanaraen e con iniquitat:
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Lo Dalfins respondet a Peire Pelisier vilanamen e con iniquitat:
W 227. * Just obligations refused
Ja, per ma fo, non aurez ren del meu,
Q'adonc qeretz gierdon orbamen, E chantatz ne ades, qi n o 11 vos ren.
XXVIII Dalfi D'Alvergne E. - Razo
P 12.5 .3.2 . * Kings make peace
Quant la patz del rei de Pranssa fetz e del rei Richart
P 50.6.1. * Nobles displeased by peace settlement
Dont lo Dalfins e sos cosis lo corns Gis, ...foron molt trist e irat per so que'l reis de Pranssa lor era trop vezis.
W 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
E sabian qu'el era cobes et avars e de mala seingnoria; e si fon el, que tan tost com el ac la seingnoria, el conpret un fort castel en Alvergne, que a nom Novedre, e tolc Usoire al Dalfin, que era uns rics bores. 85 P 12.5,2. * King wages war
E si tost com En Richartz fon tornatz a la guerra ab lo rol de Franssa, ...
P 12.5*2.1. * King entices nobles to become his allies
•••En Richartz si fo a pariamen ab lo Dalfin e ab lo comte Guion, ...se 11 volion valer e revelar se contra'l rei de Franssa, el lor daria cavalHers e balestiers e deniers a lor comandament. Et 11 ...si crezeron los ditz d'En Richart e sailliron a la guerra contra lo rei de Franssa.
P 295. Cousins
...lo Dalfin e ab lo comte Guion, son cosin del Delfin, ...
P 12.5.3.1. * King makes peace and abandons allies
E tant tost com En Richartz saup que1ill dui conte d'Al- vergne. lo Dalfins, e'l cams Gis, sos cosins, eran revelat contra 1 rei de Fransa, el pres trevas ab lo rei de Franssa et abandonet lo Dalfin e'l comte Guion.
Z 1*72. * Travel
...e si s'en passet en Engleterra.
P 12.5.2. * King wages war
E'l reis de Franssa si fetz sa gran ost e venc s'en en Alvergne e mes a fuoc et a flama tota la terra del Dalfin e del comte Guion e tolc lor bores e vilas e chastels.
P 50*8. * Nobles ask truce
E com 11 viron qu'il no'is podion deffendre del rei de Franssa, preiron trevas ab lui a .V. mes e ...
P 50.3.1. * Nobles ask for aid promised
•••e si ordeneren que'l corns Gis s'en anes en Engleterra saber si En Richartz lor ajudaria, si com el lor avia jurat e promes.
Z ^72. * Travel
E'l corns Guis s'en anet lai en Engleterra ab .X. cavalliers.
W 227. * Just obligations refused En Richartz lo vi mal e'l recep mal e mal l'onret e no'ill donet nl cavallier ni sirven ni balestier ni aver.
P 50.6. * Nobles grieve lost cause
Don el s'en tornet paubres e dolenz e vergoingnos.
P 50.8.2. * Nobles sue for peace
£ tan tost com fon tornatz en Alvergne, lo Dalfins e'l corns Gis s'en aneren al rei de Franssa e si s'acorderon ab el.
P 12.5*2. * King wages war
...la treva del rei de Franssa e d'En Richart si fo fenida. £'1 reis francos aunet sa gran ost et entret en la terra del rei Richart e pres villas et ars e bores e castels.
P 12.5.2.2. * King asks help of allies he abandoned
En Richartz ...mandet dizen al Dalfin et al comte Guion que'ill li deguesson ajudar ...
P 12*5.2.3* * King abandoned by nobles he betrayed
...et ill no'ill en feiron nien.
P 12.5.2.^. * King seeks vengeance on nobles via poem
E'l reis Richartz, cant auzi que ill no'ill volion ajudar de la guerra, si fez un sirventes del Dalfin e del comte Guion, ...remembret lo sagramen ...fait ad el, ...sabian que'l reis fransses era bons d'armas ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E'l sirventes si comenssa enaissi:
P 12.5.2.5. * King's poem is answered by nobles who
remind him of his misdeeds
E lo Dalfins si respondet al rei Richart en un autre sirventes a totas las razos qu'En Richartz l'avia ara- sonat, mostran lo seu dreich e'l tort d'En Richart et encusan En Richart dels mais qu'el avia faitz ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E'l sirventes del Dalfin si comenssa enaissi: 87 XXIX Daude De Pradas
Z 471. * Place of origin
Deudo de Pradas si fo de Rosorgue, d'un bore que a nom Pradas •••
Z 471.1. * Place of origin by reference
...si fo de Rosergue, d'un bore que a nom Pradas, pres de la ciutat de Rodes quatre legas ...
P 191.1. * Social status
Deude de Pradas si fo ...canorgues de Magalona.
J 0. Possession of knowledge
Savis hom fo molt de letras e de sen natural e de trobar. E saup mout la natura dels ausels prendedors ...
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
...e fez cansos per sen de trobar, mas no movian d'amor, per que non avian sabor entre la gen, ni non foron cantadas.
XXX Elias Do Barjols
Z 471. * Place of origin
...si fo d'Agenes, d'un castel qe a nom Perols.
Z 44l. * Parentage
N*Elias de Barjols ...Fils fo d'un mercadier.
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
E cantet miels de negun home que fos en aquella sason ...
P 191.2. * Social status changes
N'Elias ...Fils fo d'un mercadier ...e fetz se joglars ...
P 433.3. * Proven9al joglars form a team
N 1Elias ...fetz se joglars et acompaingnet se com un autre joglar que avia nom Olivers ...
Z 472. * Travel 38
•••et acompaingnet se com un autre joglar •••et aneron lone temps ensems per cortz*
P 601, * Custom of literary patronage
E ’l corns Anfos de Proensa si los retenc ab se et det lor moillers a Barjols e terra •••
A 1577* Origin of personal names
E'l corns Anfos de Proensa si ...det lor moillers a Barjols e terra, e per so los clamavan N*Elias et Oliver do Barjols.
T 101, * Poets marry
E'l corns Anfos de Proensa si •••det lor moillers a Barjols • • •
T 29«3, * Poet falls in love
E N 1Elias s1enamoret de la comtessa ma dompna Carsenda, •••
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
•••s’enamoret de la comtessa ...e fez de leis suas cansos • • •
A 1 * Literary criticism
•••e fez de leis suas cansos bellas e bonas ...
T 89*3* * Poet's lady dies
N 1Elias ...fez de leis suas cansos ...tant quant ella visquet•
P ^27«7*11• * Poet abandons poetry
Et el s* en anet rendre al hospital de Saint Beneic d'Avi- gnon ...
Z ^73. * Death of poet
Et el s'en anet rendre al hospital de Saint Beneic d fAvignon e lai definet.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E fetz aquellas cansos que son escritas aici.
XXXX Elias Cairel A. - Version Z b y 1. * Place of origin
Elias Cairels si fo de Sarlat, d'un bore de Peiregorc, • • •
P 191.1* * Social status
Elias .t.era laboraire d'aur e d*argent e deseingnaire d'armas.
P 191*2. * Social status changes
•••era laboraire d'aur e d'argent e deseingnaire d'armas. E fetz se joglars •••
Z by 2* * Travel
•••e anet gran temps per lo mon.
A l.b6b»b. * Literary criticism
Hal cantava o mal trobava e mal violava e peichs parlava, e ben escrivia motz e sons.
Z by 2. * Travel
En Romania estet lone temps, e quant s'en parti, si s'en tornet a Sarlat, ...
Z ^73* * Death of poet
•••si s'en tornet a Sarlat, e lai el moric.
XXXI Elias Cairel B. - Version
Z byi. * Place of origin
Elias Carelz fo de Peiregorc, ...
J 1115*10.3* * Clever poet
Elias Carelz ...saup be letras e fo molt sotils en trobar et en tot qant el vole far ni dire.
Z by2, * Travel
E serqet la major part de terra habitada.
II 57. * Judgment of fellow man by poet
E pel desdeing qu'el avia delz baros e del segle ... 90
A 1^6**.^. ♦ Literary criticism
•••no fo grazitz com la soa obra valia ...e fo molt sotils en trobar •••
A l7j-6*J-.^,l. * Indirect literary criticism
•••no fo grazitz com la soa obra valia •••
XXXII Elias Fonsalda
Z ^71* * Place of origin
N 1Elias ...si fo de Bargairac, de l'evesquat de Peiregors,
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Bels hom fo molt de la persona.
Z il-iH. * Parentage
N 1Elias . ..fo fils d'un borges •••
P 191.2, * Social status changes
N'Elias ...fo fils d'un borges que se fez joglars, ...
P 191.1. * Social status
...e'N Elias fo joglars atressi.
A 1^6^.^. * Literary criticism
No bons trobaire mas noellaire fo, ...
VJ 0.1. * Favorable qualities
N'Elias ...saub ben estar entre la gen.
XXXIII Ferrari De Ferrara
Z ^71. * Place of origin
Maistre Ferari fo da Feirara.
P 191.1. * Social status
Maistre Ferari ...fo giullar ...
A if-. * Literary criticism 91
£ fo giullar et intendez meill de trobar proensal che negus on che fos mats en Lombardia •••
J 0. Possession of knowledge
•••e meill entendet la lenga proensal* £ sap molt be letras, e scrivet meil ch'om del mond .
A lU>6^.J*. * Literary criticism
•••e feis de molt bos libres e de beills.
\'I 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Cortes on fo de la persona e bons hom fo. Ades e volon- tera servit as baros e as chavalers.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
£ tos temps stet en la chasa d'Est.
J 0. Possession of knowledge
E qan venia qe li marches feanon festa e cort, e li giullar li vinian che s'entendean de la lenga proensal, anavan tuit ab lui e*l clamavan lor maistre; e s'alcus li'n venia che s'entondes miel che i altri e che fes questios de son tro bar o d'autrui, e maistre Ferari li respondea ades; si che li era per un canpio en la cort del marches d'Est.
A 1 * Literary criticism
Mas non fes mais che .II. canfos e una retruensa, mais serventes e cobias fes el asai de las meillors del mon, E fes un estrat de tutas las can90s des bos trobadors del mon; e de chadaunas canfos o serventes tras .1. co bla o .II. o .III., aqelas che portan las senteneas de las can90s e o son tuit li mot triat,
P if-25.1. * Scribal text reference
Et aqest estrat e scrit isi denan; ...
\'I 13. * Humility
...et en aqest estrat non vol meter nullas de las soas cobias; mais aqel de cui es lo libre li'n fes scriure, per che fos recordament de lui.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love 92
£ maistre Ferari, qand el era 90ven, s'entendet en una dona ch'at nom ma dona Turcla; •••
T 29.3.2, * Poet composes poems about his lady
...e per achela dona fes el de molt bonas causas.
Z U-72,2. * Travel restricted
E qan ven ch’el fo veil, pauc anava a torn, mais ch'el anava a Trevis, ...
P 601, * Custom of literary patronage
•••mais ch'el anava a Trevis, a meser Giraut da Chamin et a sos filz; et il li fasian grand honor e'l vesian voluntera, e molt l'aquilian ben, e li donavan voluntera, per la bontat de lui e per l1amor del marches d'Est.
XXXIV Folquet De Marseilla A, - Vida
Z it4l, * Parentage
Folquet de Marsseilla si fo fillz d'un mercadier que .., ac nom ser Anfos,
Z Urfl, * Place of origin
..,si fo fillz d'un mercadier que fo de Genoa «••
P 233.13. * Father leaves son wealthy
E quan lo paire muric, si'l laisset molt ric d'aver.
VJ 0,1, * Favorable qualities
Et el entendet en pretz et en valor; e mes se a servir als valenz barons et als valenz homes, et a brigar cum lor, et a dar et a servir et a venir et a anar,
P 91. * Royalty and nobility honor poet
E fort fo grazitz et onratz per lo rei Richart e per lo comte Raimon de Tolosa e per En Baraill, lo sieu seingnor de Marseilla.
A 1^6^.^. * Literary criticism
Molt trobava ben •••
\‘I 0,1, * Favorable qualities 93 •••molt fo avinenz om de la persona*
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Et entendia so en la muiller del sieu seingnor En Baraill*
T 29.3*2, * Poet composes poems about his lady
E pregava e fasia sas chansos d'ella.
T 75*3*0, * Unrequited love
Lias anc per precs ni per cansos no'i poc trobar merce, qu'ella li fezes nuill ben endreit d'amor •••
T 75*3« Unrequited love expressed in poem
•••per que totz temps se plaing d'Amor en soas cansos.
T 89»3» * Poet's lady dies
Et avenc si que la domna muric •••
P 310,6, One friend dies shortly after the other
•••la domna muric, et En Barals, lo maritz d'ella e'l seingner de lui, que tant li fasia d'onor, e'l bons reis Richartz, e'l bons corns Rairaos de Tolosa, e'l reis Anfos d'Arragon,
P ^27.7.17. * Poet retires
Don el, per tristeza de la soa domna e dels princes que vos ai ditz, abandonet lo raon •••
P Jf25«l« * Scribal text reference
,,.e dels princes que vos ai ditz •••
V b52. * Religious order entered by poet
Don el ••.abandonet lo mon; e si se rendet a l'orde de Cistel •••
V b.52,1. * Religious order entered by poet's family
•••si se rendet a l'orde de Cistel cum sa muiller e cum dos fillz qu'el avia,
P 191*2. * Social status changes E si fo faics abas d'una rica abadia, qu'es en Froensa, que a nom Torondet. E pois el fo faichs evesques de Tolosa •••
Z ^73* * Death of poet
E pois el fo faichs evesques de Tolosa; e lai el muric.
XXXIV Folquet De Marseilla B. - Razo
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Folquet •.•si amava la moiller d 1En Barral, son senhor, ma dona N'Alazais de Rocamartina;
T 29*3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
•••e cantava d*ela e fazia sas chansos; ...
T 99*^* * Love hidden
...e gardava se molt c'om no'u saubes, per so qu'ela era moiller de son senhor, quar li fora tengut a gran felonia.
T 29*3*2.1. * Lady gladly accepts poet's efforts
E la dona si'll sofria sos precx e sas chansos, per la gran lauzor qu'el fazia d'ela.
P 250. Brothers and sisters
En Barrals si avia doas serors do gran ben e de gran valor la una avia nom Na Laura de Saint Jorlan, l'autra avia nom Na Mabelia de Pontenos; abdoas estavon ab En Barral.
0.1. * Favorable qualities
En Barrals si avia doas serors de gran ben e de gran valor
T 2^.8 .0. * Cause of lover's dismissal
En Folquet avia tant damistat ab amdoas, que semblans era qu'el entendes en cascuna per amor. E ma dona N'Alazais si crezia qu'el s'entendes en Na Laura e que'ill volgues ben; e si l'encuzet, e si'll fon dig per maint cavalier e per maint home; si qu'ela li det comjat, que no volia plus sos precx ni sos digz, e que se partis de Na Laura e que de leis non esperes mais be ni amor*
T 2^.8. * Lovers suffer from separation 95 Folquetz fo molt tritz e dolens, quan sa dona l'ac dat com;) at, •••et estet longua sazo en gran marrimen, planhen se de la dezaventura que l'era venguda: qu'el perdla sa dona, que amava mals que re del mon, per leis a cut el no volia ben, si no per cortezia.
P 427.7.11. * Poet abandons poetry
•••e laiset solatz e chant e rire; ...
T 24.8.0.1. * Lover seeks advice regarding dismissal
£ sobre aquel marrimen el anet vezer 1*Emperairitz, •••£ reclamet se az ela de la dezaventura que l1era venguda.
H 11.1,5* * Identification by reference
••,1*Emperarairitz, moiller d'En Guilem de Monpeslier, que fo filla de l'emperador Emanuel, •••
Z 44l. * Parentage
••,11Emperairitz, ...que fo filla de l'emperador Emanuel...
P 210. Husband and wife
...el anet vozer 11Emperairitz, moiller d'En Guilem de Monpeslier, ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...1 'Emperairitz, ...que fo caps e guida de tota valor e de tota cortezia e de totz ensenhamens.
P ^27.7.11.2. * Friends try to reconcile poet to poetry
Et ella lo confortet tan quan poc e'l preguet que no's degues marrir ni dezesperar, e qu'el per la so amor degues cantar e far chanso.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Don el per los precx de 1'Emperairitz si fes aquesta chanso que ditz:
XXXIV Folquet De Marseilla C. - Razo
P 425.1.0. * Scribe gives resume of reference
D'En Folquet ...vos ai ben dich chi el fo ni don, ni con montet en protz et en valor, e con reinet al mon ni con 96 s'on parti, e con el amet la moillier de son seingnor Bn Baral, e con el fez de leis maintas bonas chansos de pretz e de rancuras, e con el anc no'n ac joi ni plaser.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
•••el amet la moillier de son seingnor Bn Baral, •••
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
•••fez de leis maintas bonas chansos de pretz e de ran curas, • ••
A * Literary criticism
•••el fez de leis maintas bonas chansos •••
T 7 5 .3.0, * Unrequited love
•••el amet la moillier de son seingnor Bn Baral, ...e ••• el anc no'n ac joi ni plaser.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
•••el puois s'enamoret de la Emperariz •••
P 210, Husband and wife
•••la Emperariz, qe fo moillier d'En Guillem de Monpel- lier ...
Z 1*1*1. * Parentage
•••la Emperariz, ...qe fo filla de l'emperador de Con- stantinopol - que ac nom Manuel •••
II 11.1.5* * Identification by reference
•••la Emperariz, •••la cals fo mandada al rei Anfos d1Ara gon ...
P 1*25.1. * Scribal text reference
•••si con vos ai dich en 1*autr'escrit*
Z 10,3* Transition formulas
Don el fez aqesta chanso qe dis:
P I*27*7»7*5« * Poet sings his complaint 9 7
Uns volers outracuidaz S'os inz mon cor aders.
N 256.2. * Unlucky lover
£ si fo aisi desaventuraz q1en aqela sason qe s'en fo enamoratz. la domna si fo encusada q*ella agues mal fait de Guillem de Monpellier. son marit. £ fo cresut per el; si qu'el la mandet via e la parti de si; et ella s'en anet. Don Folqet remas tristz e grams e dolens ...
T 230.3. * Husband believes accusations against
wife and sends her away
...la domna si fo encusada q'ella agues mal fait de Guil lem de Monpellier. son marit. £ fo cresut per el; si qu'el la mandet via e la parti de si; et ella s'en anet.
Z 472.3. * Travel by mandate
...el la mandet via e la parti de si; et ella s'en anet.
T 24.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Don Folqet remas tristz e grams e dolens. ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Don Folqet romas tristz ...si con el dis qe: ...
P 4-27.7.7.6. * Poet sings his sorrow
Mais no seria jausenz,
XXXIV Folquet De Marseilla D. - Razo
T 24.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
...£n Folqet fo casegutz en ira et en dolor de la domna qe se fo anada e partida de Monpellier ...
P 601.1. * Patron dies
Apres gaire lone temps ...lo seus seigner et seingner de Marceilla. - lo cal el amava plus q'om del mon. - muri.
T 24.8.1. * Double separation doubles suffering
of lover 98
Don li dopleren las greus dolors q' ol avia de la muillier d'En Baral, son seingnor, q'era morta, e de la Emperariz, qe s'en era anada •••
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
•••e fetz aquest plainch que diss
T 2^.8.2. * Lover number by suffering
Si con sel q'es tan grevatz Del mal qe no'n sen dolor, Non sent ira ni tristor.
XXXIV Folquet De Marseilla E. - Razo
V 357• * Christianity dishonored
Quan lo bos reis N'Anfos de Castela fo estatz desconfitz per lo rei de Marroc, lo cals era apelatz Miramamolin ••• la crestiandatz era estada dessonrada ...
P 15*3.1. * King loses kingdom to another king
Quan lo bos reis N'Anfos de Castela fo estatz desconfitz per lo rei do Marroc, lo cals era apelatz Miramamolin, e l'ac touta Calatrava e Salvaterra e Castel de Dompnas, si fo grans dolors e grans tristeza per tota Espanha e per totas las bonas gens qu'o auziron ...per lo gran dan que'l bos reis era estatz desconfitz et avia perdudas de las soas terras.
P 15*3»2. * King's conquered kingdom preyed upon
E soven intrava la gens del Miramamolin el regisrae del bon rei N'Anfos, per raubar e per proiar.
P 15»3*3* * Conquered king dispatches pleas for help
Lo bos reis N'Anfos mandet sos mesatgiers a la papa, que'l degues far secorre als baros del regisme de Fransa e del regisme d'Anclaterra, et al rei d'Arago et al comte de Tolosa.
P 19»7» * King and poet are friends
En Folquetz de Marceilla, qu'era molt amicx del bon rei de Castela ...
Q 72.1. Reward for loyalty to king 99 En Folquetz de Marceilla ...si fes una prezicansa, per confortar los baros e la bona gen, que deguesson secorre al bon rei N'Anfos, mostran lur honors que lur serla lo secors que farlon al rei, e’l perdon qu'ill n ’aurion de Diou.
P ^27»7»lS# * Poet pleads for help for conquered king
En Folquetz de Marcellla •••si fes una prezicansa ...que deguesson secorre al bon rei N'Anfos •••
P ^27«7*7»2. * Poet sings his plea
Et aqui es la chansos qu'el fes en luec de prezicansa •••
Z 10*3« Transition formulas
Et aqui es la chansos •••que ditz:
XXXV Folquet De Homans
Z ^71* * Place of origin
Folquet de Romans si fo de Vianes, d'un bore que a nom Romans, ...
P 191.1. * Social status
Folquot de Romans si fo ...bons joglars ...
P ^S3«2. * ProYenyal joglar evaluated
Folquet de Romans si fo ...bons joglars ...
W 0,1. * Favorable qualities
Folquet de Romans si fo ••.presentiers en cortz e de gran solatz.
1/ ^5.2. * Honor bestowed on poet
Folquet de Romans •••fo ben onratz entre la bona gen.
A 1 * Literary criticism
E fez sirventes joglaresc de lausar los pros e de blas- mar los malvatz,
II 57* * Judgment of fellow man by poet
E fez sirventes joglaresc de lausar los pros e de blas- mar los malvatz. XXXVI Garin D'Apchier
F 191,1, * Social status
Garins d'Apchier si fo uns gentils castellans •••
Z Jj>71» * Place of origin
Garins d'Apchier si fo •••de l'evesquat de Meinde •••de J auvadan •••
Z ^71*1» * Place of origin by reference
Garins d'Apchier si fo •••de Jauvadan, de l'evesquat de Meinde, qu es en la marqua d'Alverne e de Roserge e de l'evesquat del Puoi Sainta Maria*
W 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Valenz fo e bons guerrers, e lares •••e bels cavalliers; e saup d'amor e de dompnei, e tot so qu'en era,
A 1^6^,^. * Literary criticism
,,,fo ,,,bons trobaire •••£ fetz lo premier descort que anc fos faiz •••
J 0. Possession of knowledge
Garins d'Apchier si fo ,,.bons trobaire ...e saup d'amor e de dompnei, e tot so qu'en era,
Z 10,3, Transition formulas
E fetz lo premier descort que anc fos faiz, lo qual comenset
A 1150,2, * Spring inspires poet
Quan foill' e flors reverdezis Et aug lo chan del rossignol,
XXXVII Garin Lo Brun
P 191,1, * Social status
Garins lo Bruns si fo uns ••.castellans ,,.
W 0,1, * Favorable qualities
Garins lo Bruns si fo uns gentils castellans ,,, Z if71. * Place of* origin
Garins lo Bruns si fo ...de Veillac, de l'evesquat de Puoi Sainta Maria.
A lif6if.if. * Literary criticism
E fo bons trobaire ...
M 57. * Judgment of fellow man by poet
...e fo a maltraire de las dompnas com deguesson captener
A lif6if.if. * Literary criticism
Non fo trobaire de vers ni de chansos, mas de tensos.
XXXVTII Gaucelm Paidit A. - Vida
Z if71. * Place of origin
Gauselms Faiditz si fo d'un bore que a nom Userca, que es el vesquat de Lemozi ...
Z ififl. * Parentage
Gauselms Faiditz si fo ...filz d'un borges.
A lif6if.if. * Literary criticism
E cantava peiz d'ome del mon; e fetz molt bos sos e bos motz.
P 191*2. * Social status changes
E fetz se joglars ...
N 138. * Poet's‘luck changes
...el perdet a joc de datz tot son aver*
W 125. Gluttony
Horn fo que ac gran larguesa e fo molt glotz de manjar e de beure; per so venc gros oltra mesura.
N 251* Person pursued by misfortune
Molt fo longa saiso desastrucs de dos e d'onor a prendre
Z lf72. * Travel 102
•••plus de vint ans anet a pe per lo mon •••
W 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
•••fo molt glotz de manjar e de beure •••no era grazida ni volguda •••
A * Indirect literary criticism
•••el ni sas cansos no eran grazidas ni volgudas •••
T 101, * Poet marries
S si tolc moiller una soldadera qu'avia nom Guillelma Monja.
Z 1*72. * Travel
E si tolc moiller una soldadera qu1el menet lone temps con si per cortz •••
W 0,1, * Favorable qualities
Fort fo bella e fort enseingnada ...
W 125. Gluttony
...e si venc si grossa e si grassa con el era*
Z 1*71* * Place of origin
Et ella fo d'un bore que a nom Alest, de la marqua de Proenssa, de la seingnoria d'En Bernart d'Andussa.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
E missers lo marques Bonifacis de Monferrat mes lo en aver et en roba et en tan gran pretz lui e sas cansos*
N 138, * Poet's luck changes
•••lo marques •••mes lo en aver et en roba et en tan gran pretz lui e sas cansos.
XXXVIII Gaucelm Faidit B. - Razo
P 1*25*1* * Scribal text reference
Vos aves entendut qui fo Gauselms Faiditz* ni com venc ni com el estet.
T 29.3« * Poet falls in love 103
Mas si ac tan de cor qu'el s1enamoret de ma dona Marla de Ventadorn, •••
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
•••la melllor dona e de la plus valen c'om en aquela sazo saubes en nullla part.
T 29.3.2, * Poet composes poems about his lady
E cantava d'ela e fazia sas chansos d'ela, •••
P 427.7.26. * Poet sings his lady's praises
•••la preguava en cantan, e en cantan prezlcava e lauzava sa gran valor; •••
T 29,3,2,3, * Lady welcomes poet's service but does
not reciprocate
•••et ella lo sufria per la gran lauzor qu'el fazia d'ela, mas anc no*ill fes mais amor,
T 75*3«0, * Unrequited love
Et anaisi duret l 1amor qu'el li avia ben set ans, que anc non ac plazer en dreg d amor,
T 29.4.2.2. * Suitor delivers ultimatum
E si venc un dia Gauselms denant ela e si'll dis, o ela li faria tal plazer en dreit d'amor don el se tengues per paguat, o ella lo perdria e qu'el serviria autra dona don li venria grans bes a'amor,
T 24.9.1. * Lady dismissed by lover
E si pres comjat d'ela et anet s'en iradamen.
T 24,8,0.1, * Lover seeks advice regarding dismissal
B ma dona Maria si mandet per una dona que avia nom ma dona N'Audiartz de Malamort, ,.,e si'll dis totz los faitz d'En Gauselm e de se, e qu'ela la degues conseillar com ella pogues respondre a'N Gauselm a so qu'el l'avia quis, com lo pogues retener ses far amor a lui.
T 24.8.0.2. * Help sought regarding dismissal is
promised 101*
St ella dis qu'ela •••lo faria partir de l'amor de leisf si qu'el non se rancuraria d'ela, ni no seria sos enemiox*
T 51,7, * Emissary summons suitor
Ha dona N'Audiartz •••pres un son oortes mesatge e mandet dizen a'N Gauselm Faidit qu'el ames mais un petit ausel en son ponh c'una grua volan el sel« Gauselms, quant auzit aquest man, monta a caval e venc s'en a ma dona ••• et el li demandet per qu'ela l'avia mandat dizen del pauc auzel e de la grua.
T 51*8. * Emissary offers herself in place of lady
represented
Et ella li dis ••«qu'el'avia gran piatat de lui, •••£ ••• ieu soi l'auzels petitz que vos tenetz el ponh per far e per dir tot so o'a vos plassa. Eu vueill vos per amador e per servidor e per amaistrador, e fauc vos do de me e de m* amor, •••
T 2 9 . 2 . * Lady imposes conditions
•••ab aital coven que vos deiatz penre comjat de ma dona Maria de Ventadorn e qu'en fasatz una chanso rancurant vos d'ela cortezamen, e diguatz, pueis qu'ela no'us vol, que segretz autra via e que vos avetz trobada autra dona franca e valen e leial e gentil que vos retenra franchamen.
T 9i7* * Love overwhelms suitor
Et Bn Gauselms Faiditz, quant auzit los plazers plazens qu'ela li dizia e vit los amoros semblans qu'ela li mos- trava e'ls dous precx qu'ela li fazia e'ill dizia e'ls grans bes qu'ela li prometia e vi las grans beutatz e las frescas colors, si fo si sobrepres d'amor qu'el per- det lo vezer e l'auzir.
T 29.^.2.3. * Suitor accepts conditions lady imposes
B quan fo tornatz el vezer et en l'auzir, el comensa a regrasiar ma dona N'Audiartz, ...de far e de dir tot so qu'ela comandava •••Gauselms s'en anet pies de joi ... pensan com pogues far tal chanso que ma dona Maria saubes qu'el era partitz d'ela •••
Z 10.3, Transition formulas
E fes per aquesta razo aquesta chanso que ditzs 105
P U2 5 .I. * Scribal text reference
•••la cal auziretz.
T 51.Jf. * Emissary sucoeeds
Aquesta chansos fo chantada tan que ma dona Maria ho saup, e molt s'en alegret ma dona Marie, e ma dona N'Au diartz autressi s'en alegret molt d'aquesta chanso, quar ela conoc be qu'el avia partit son cor e son chan de ma dona Maria e qu'el avia crezudas las falsas promesios de lieis per aquesta chanso.
T 29.^.2.2.0. * Poet fulfills conditions imposed and
discovers his deception
En Gauselms si fo al pe d'ela e si dis com el avia fait son comandamen •••£ ma dona N'Audiartz si1ill dis* ''••• E so qu'ieu vos dis ni promezi no fis per volontat qu'ieu agues de vos amar per amor, mas per vos traire d'aquela preizon on vos eratz e d'aquela esperansa que vos aviatz aguda plus de set ans son passatz, e qu'en sabia la vol ontat de ma dona Maria, qu ela vos menava per paraulas e per promessas, ses volontat d'atendre. En totz autres faitz ieu vos serai amigua e benvolens en tan com vos comandaretz ni vos plassa.
T 75,0.7.2. * Deceived suitor pleads in vain
Quan Fauselms auzit aquelas paraulas, fo tritz e greus e dolens, e comensa clamar merce a la dona, qu'ela no'l volgues ausire ni trair ni enguanar. Et ella li dis qu'ela no l'ausiria ni l'enguanaria, c'ans l'a trait d'engan e de mort. Gauselms, quan vit que no'ill valia clamar merce ni piatat, si se levet e s'en anet com hom dezesperatz, ...
T 75*0.1*.1. * Rejected suitor plans reconciliation
E se penset qu'el anes ancaras merce clamar a ma dompna Marxa, ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...e fes per so aquesta chanso ...que ditz:
P 1*25.1 . * Scribal text reference
•••e fes per so aquesta chanso que vos auziretz, ...
P 1*27.7.7*6. * Poet sings his sorrow 106
No m'alegra chans nl critz O'auzelh mon fel oor engres.
T 99»3»1. * Lady unwilling to forgive
Mas anc per precx ni per chansos ni per ren que*ill saubes far ni dir no poo far que ma dona li perdones ni volgues escoutar los sleus precx.
XXXVIII Gaucelm Faidit C. - Razo
T 2^.8.0. * Cause of lover's dismissal
Quan Gauselms Faiditz fo partitz de l'entendemen de ma dompna Maria de Ventadorn per lo sen de ma dona N'Audiartz de Malamort, ...
P b 2 5 .1 . * Scribal text reference
...si com vos avetz entendut, ...
T 2^.8. ♦ Lovers suffer from separation
...el estet longuamen marritz e dolens per lo gran enguan qu'el avia pres e reseubut; ...
F 210. Husband and wife
•..mas ma dona Marguarita d'Albusso, moiller d'En Rainaut del vescomte d'Albusso, ...
T 75*0.6. * Rejected suitor offers self to another
...mas ma dona Marguarita d'Albusso. ...si lo fes alegrar en chan, qu'ela ill dis tan de plazer e 'ill mostret tan d'amoros semblan, per qu'el s'enamoret d'ela e la pregua d'amor.
T 29*1*1. * Love reciprocated
Et ella, per qu'el la mezes en pretz e chantes d'ela, si reseup sos precx e'ls entendet, e'ill promes de far plazer en dreg d'amor.
T 75*0.7* * Lady deceives lover
Longuamen duret lo precx d'En Gauselm Faidit e l'amor qu'el avia a ma dona Marguarita d'Albusso. Molt la lau- zet e la preguet en digz e en faitz, mas ela, com si fos cauza qu'ela s'alegres de las lauzors qu'el fazia d'ela, no l'avia nuill'amor, ni mais no'ill fes plazer en dreg 107 d'amor. Mas una vetz, quant el prenia comjat d'ela, el 11 balzet lo ool et ella lo'l sufrlt amorozamen, don el visquet longuamen ab gran alegreza per aquel plazer.
T 29.4.0. * Lady falls In love
Mas ella si amava N'Ugo de Laslgna, ...
Z Mu, * Parentage
...N'Ugo de Laslgna, qu'era fils de N'Ugo lo Bru, del comte de la Marcha, ...
P 310.0. * Friends
••.N'Ugo de Laslgna, ...era molt amlcx d'En Gauselm.
T 30.1. * Lovers' meeting prevented
La dona si estava el castel d'Albuso, on ella no podia vezer N'Ugo de Laslgna ni far plazer, per qu'ela fo malauta de mort, ...
V 57.*K * Prayer for recovery from Illness
•••e vodet se az anar a ma dona Sancta Maria de Rocamador en orazo.
T 35. Lovers' rendezvous
E mandet dire a N'Ugo de Laslgna que vengues a Uzercha, ...a furt ...e que ela desmontaria en aquel alberc e'ill faria plazer en dreg d'amor, et ensenhet li lo jorn ...
T 35*6. * Lovers rendezvous at borne of rejected
suitor
...N'Ugo ...venc s'en l'alberc d'En Gauselm Faidit. ... E la dona venc e desmontet laintre e trobet N'Ugo de La- signa en l'alberc, rescost en la oambra on ella devia ja- zer. Et ella, ...fo alegra ...et estet dos jorns aqui;.,.
Z Jf72. * Travel
...e pueis ela s'en anet a Rocamador ...
T 33.6. * Lovers rendezvous at home of rejected
suitor 108
•••et el l'atendet tro que venc. B puels estet autres dos joms quan fo venguda, e cascuna nuelt jazion ensems • • •
T 75*^*0. * Lady humiliates lover
•••quan •••Bn Gauselms venc, e sa moiller 11 comtet tot lo fait. Gauselms. ...fo si dolens qu'el vole morir per so qu'el crezia qu'ela no volgues be si no a lui. B per so qu'ela al sieu leit l'avia colgat, en fo el mais do lens; ...
A 146U.JI-. * Literary criticism
•••don el fes per aquesta razo una mala chanso, •••
Z 10*3. Transition formulas
•••don el fes per aquesta razo una mala chanso, la cals comensa:
A 1^64.4. * Literary criticism
Et aquesta fo la derreira chanso qu'el fes.
XXXVIII Gaucelm Faidit D. - Razo
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Gauselms Faiditz si amava una domna de l'evesquat de Gap e d'Ebreun, la quals avia nom ma dompna Jordana d'Ebreun*
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Gentils domna fo e sobrebella e mout cortesa e gen en- seignada e larga d'aver et envejosa d'onor e de prez.
P J*27«7*23» * Poet advances lady
Gauselms si la servi e la honra mout e la lauset e la fez grasir entre las plus valens domnas.
W 27*2. * Grateful lady tries to live as poet
describes her
Ma domna Jordana visquet mout gaia e mout alegra, e mout s'esforset de ben far e de ben dir, per so qu En Gauselms non fos tengutz per messongier del ben qu'el disia d 1ella.
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities 109
B fo si preslada per tot, loing e pres, qe nlgus valens hom de Vianes ni de tota Proensa se presiave ren se no l'avia vista, ni non era nulla bona dompna en totas aqellas encontradas qe no'il agues enveja de la beutat e del pres* p ^ 2 5 *5*1. * Scribe offers himself as source
E si vos die d faiso vertat com per veser e per ausir*
T 29*1*1* * Love reciprocated
B si fo la sua voluntatz qe ma domna Jordana vole far plaser d'amor a'N Gauselm e fez lo venir en la sua cham- bra un ser a parlamen con si, e fez li tant e'ill dis, q'el s'en parti con gran alegressa*
Z 4-72. * Travel
Bt en aqesta alegressa, lo marques de Monferrat si se cro- set e fez crosar Gauselm Faiditz per anar outra mar*
Z 10*3* Transition formulas
Don Gauselms fez aquesta chanson:
Z 183* Symbolic names
Gauselms si appellava ma domna Jordana "Bels-Espers*"
XXXVIII Gaucelm Faidit B. - Razo
T 29*3** Poet falls in love
Una sason si fo qe Gauselm Faiditz s'entendet lonjamen en Na Jordana d'Ebreun, •••
Z ^72*^. * Location by reference
•••d'una ciutat q'es en l'entrada de Lombardia, el cap de Proensa, ***
W 0*1* * Favorable qualities
•••q'era bella dompna et gentilz et avinens et ensengnada e cortesa*
T 29*3*2* * Poet composes poems about his lady
Bt fazia d'ella sas chansos •••
T 29*1*1* * Love reciprocated 110
•••tant l'onret et tant la servi e'ill olamet merci, q'ella s'enamora de lui et fetz d' En Gauselm Faiditz son cavalier e son drut.
Z 183* Symbolic names
E*s clamava con ella en son chantar "Bels-Bspers", •••
P 1*25.1. * Scribal text reference
•••si com el dis en una chanson q'el fetz d'ella*
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
Et la chanson comensa aisi t
Z 183* Symbolic names
Car non soi lay on ai mon Bel-Bsper,
T 29.2.2. * Lady falls in love with poet's rival
Et avenc si qe'l corns Anfos de Proensa s'intendia en ella e fasia per ella maintz bos faitz e presatz, et biordava et espendia per sa amor* Et la dompna l'acollia corte- samen e fasia li bel semblant e sollaeava e risea ab lui; don era cresutz qe'l corns fos sos drutz.
T 75*0.3*2. * Rejected suitor recovers poems and flee
Et fon dit a En Gauselm Faiditz qe'l corns avia agut de leis tot son plaser e tota soa volontat. Dont el, per desdeing e per dolor e per tristeza q'ell n'ac, se lognet d'ella e fugi de cors, et tolc li sos chantars e sas chan sos et sos bels ditz de leis*
T 2^.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Et era tan tristz e tan marritz q'ell volia morir e non volia ausir parlar de lei negun hom del mon.
P 1*27.7.11. * Poet abandons poetry
Et estet enaisi lonjat de leis longa sason qe no's volia alegrar ni chantar ni rire*
W 197. * Gossip
Et a la fin, ...saup certamen qe so qe'll era ditz non Ill era vertaz, alnz l 1era ditz per lausenjers e per engan, •••
F ^27.7*7*2. * Poet sings tils plea
•••can saup certamen qe so qe'll era ditz non era vertaz, •••fo'n pentutz, per so qe avia dlt fals'entresegna vas amor nl villania ves sa dompna, e pentuz per sa follla. Bt per qe mot cresla c'adonc era bauzla so qe l'era estat ditz, vole retomar a merce de la dompna, e n fetz una chanson qe vos ausiretz, qeren e claman meree a la dompna.••
T 51.0.1. * Poet offers reform in return for forgive
ness via poem
•••e'n fetz una chanson qe vos ausiretz, qeren e claman mer^e a la dompna, q'ella 11 deges perdonar aqest tort, disen qe s'ella 11 perdones e volges lo amar, qe plus 11 sera totz temps leals et ubidiens qe non fu lo lions a'N Grolfier de las Tors, disen qe ben 11 del perdonar per doas rasos:
T 5 1 .0.1 .1 . * Poet offers lady two reasons for
deserving forgiveness
•••disen qe ben li del perdonar per doas rasos: car el se volia crosar et anar a Roma, mas so non podia ell adreichamen far, si ell agues guerra ni mala volontat a neguna persona ni autre a lui qe no*ill perdones; et conveniia se lo perdon ancara, per so qe Deu perdona als bons perdonadors e perdonaria ad ella, si ella perdones ad ell.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aqesta es la chanson:
P Jj-27*7«7• 5• * Poet sings his complaint
Cant e deport, jois, dompneis et sollaz, Bnseniamen, largessa et cortesia, Honor et pretz et lial drudaria An si baisat enjanz e mal vastatz,
Hon vei una ni un qe be's captegna Em ben amar, c'as autra part no s fegna, Ni sap s'om dir q'es devengud1amors: G-ardatz com es abaisada valors.
Z 183 Symbolic names 112
Gauselms Faiditz si apellava "Bels Doutz Maraoades Fis1' N'Ugo lo Brun, lo conte de la Marcha, et appellava "Saintongier" Bn Peire de Malamortz, et "Sobregai” lo vesconte de Comborn, et "Bels-Espers" Na Jordana. d* Ebreun, et "Lignaure" En Raimon d'Agot,
XXXVTIX Gaucelm Faidit F, - Razo
Z U7 2 . * Travel
Gaucelm Faiditz si anet outra mar e si menet dompna Guil- lelma Monja, .
F 210, Husband and wife
Gaucelm Faiditz •••menet dompna Guillelma Monja, q1era soa moiller et era estada soudadeira, ••• P 217. * Wife larger than husband
•••soa moiller •••era plus grossa q'el non era.
P 191.1. * Social status
•••soa moiller •••era estada soudadeira, •••
Z tyiH. * Parentage
£ cresia aver un fill d'ella, •••
W 100,1 . * Unfavorable qualities
•••ora mout desplasens hom en totas causas.
P 191*2* * Social status changes
£ tornet s'en mout paubres e mout desasiatz,
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
£t Elias d'Uisel fetz en aqesta coblat
P b27.7 »2b. * Poet mocks another poet
Mas son aver mes al sanctor* Mout lai estet a gran honor. Per so si ac dan Saladis; •••fos lo gros ventres qe'il pen,
Aqetz motz fetz N*Elias, qe'ls saup far 113
Mlels q'&n Gauselms, q'es plus gros d'un pilar.
P 191.1. * Social status
Blias d'Uisel si avia un castel qe avia nom Gaslurz, paubre et en paubreira de blat e de vin.
Vll.l. * Generosity of poor poet
E qant cavalier ni bon ome i venian, el lor dava bel sol- atz e bel acuillimen, et en loc de gran conres, lor disia suas cansos e sos sirventes e suas cobias.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Bn Gauselms si'l respondot a'N Blias, recordan la pau breira del castel e de lui, e si'n fetz aqesta cobla:
P ^27.7.2^. * Poet mocks another poet
Ben auria obs pans e vis A Casluz, tant es ses humor. Merces del paubre peccador Q'es manens de gabs e de ris;
E sas cansos es vestir vert ab vars A lui s'en an qi vol be sojornar.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Blias d'Uisel respondet a la cobla d'En Gauselm Faidit:
P il-27.7•2^.1. * Mockery of fellow poet answered
Gauselms, eu meseis garentis Qe non ai d'aver gran largor,
S'ieu sui paubres, vos avetz pro argen. A Guilelma, la pro e la valen, Jensor pareil non a de lai la mar, A lei de soudadeira e de joglar.
XXXIX Gausbert Amiel
Z h71. * Place of origin
Gaubertz Amiels si fo de Gascoingna ...
P 191.1. * Social status
Gaubertz Amiels si fo ...paubres cavalliers ... 114
W 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Gaubertz Amiels si fo •• .cortes e bons d'armas.
J 1115.12. * Clever nobleman composes poetry
Gaubertz Amiels si fo ...paubres cavalliers ...E saup trobar ...
W 13, * Humility
...e non entendet mais en domna plus gentil de se ...
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
Gaubertz Amiels ...saup trobar ...e fetz los sieus vers plus mesuratz de hom que anc mais trobes.
XL Gausbert De Poicibot
P 191,1, * Social status
••.Gaubertz de Poicibot si fo gentils hom ...
Z 471. * Place of origin
...Gaubertz ...si fo ...de l'evesquat de Lemogas, ...
Z 44l. * Parentage
...si fo ...fils del castellan de Poicibot.
P 191.2. * Social status changes
Lo mongos Gaubertz ...fo mes morges, quant era enfans, en un nostier que a nom Saint Lunart.
J 0. Possession of knowledge
E saub ben letras ...
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
E saub ...ben cantar e ben trobar.
P 426.3*7*1« * Monk abandons clerical life
E per voluntat de femna issi del mostier, ...
Z 472. * Travel 115
•••e venc s'en a selui on venian tuit aquil que per cor- tesia volion onor ni benfait, •••
P 6 0 1 . * Custom of literary patronage
•••e venc s'en a •••Savaric de Malleon, et il li det ar- nes de joglar, vestirs e cavals; •••
Z 1*72. * Travel
•••dont el poi anet per cortz e trobet e fetz bonas cansos.
A lU6U’,U’, * Literary criticism
...e trobet e fetz bonas cansos.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Et enamoret se d'una donzella gentil e bella ...
T 29*3.2. * Poet composes poems about liis lady
Et enamoret se d'una donzella ...e fasia sas cansos d'ella.
T 29.^.2. * Lady imposes conditions
Et ella no'l vole amar si no se fezes cavalliers e no la tolgues per moiller.
P 319.10. * Friend of poet is confidant
Et el o dis a'N Savaric cum la donzella lo refudava.
P 191.2. * Social status changes
Don En Savarics lo fetz cavallior ...
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
Don En Savarics lo fetz cavallier e'il donet terra e renda • • •
T 101. * Poet marries
...e tolc la donzella per moiller e tenc la a gran honor.
Z i*7 2. * Travel
Et avenc si qu'el anet en Espaingna ...
T 2^9.^. * Wife seduced while husband is absent 116
Bt us cavalllers d'Angleterra se entendia en ella, e fetz tant e dis qu'el la mena via e tenc la longa sason per druda •••
Z 1*72, * Travel
•••us cavalllers ...la mena via •••
T 2l*9.1t.l. * Seduced wife abandoned by lover
•••el la mena via e tenc la longa sason per druda, e pois la laisa malamen anar.
N 188, * Husband stops by chance where faithless
wife has fled
E quant Gaubertz tornet d'Espaingna, el alberga una sera en la ciutat on ella era*
N 189* * Chance allows faithless wife to be encoun
tered by husband seeking another woman
E quan venc la sera, el anet de foras per voluntat de femna et entret en l'alberc d'una paubra femna, que'l fon dich que laentre avia una bella donzella, e trobet la soa moiller.
N 189*1• * Chance meeting of faithless couple
shames both
E quant el la vit et ella lui, fo grans dolors entre lor e grans vergoingna,
V ^52.2. * Paithless wife enters religious order
Ab lei estet la nuit, e l'endeman s'en anet cum ella e mena la en una morgia, on la fes rendre,
P 1*27*7all* * Poet abandons poetry
E per aquella dolor laisset lo trobar e'l cantar.
Z 10.3» Transition formulas
Et aici son escritas de las soas cansos.
XLI Gauceran De Saint Leidier
Z if-71. * Place of origin 117
Gauserans de San Leidier si fo de l'evesqat de Veillac, •••
P 191.1. * Social status
Gauserans de San Leidier si fo ••.castellans, ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Gauserans de San Leidier si fo ••.gentils castellans, ...
Z Hn. * Parentage
Gauserans de San Leidier si fo ...fils de la filla d'En Guillem de San Leidier.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Gauserans de San Leidier ••.enamoret se de la comtessa de Vianes, ...
Z L^l. * Parentage
Gauserans de San Leidier ••.enamoret se de la comtessa de Vianes, filla del marques Guillem de Monferrat.
XLII Gui De Cavaillo
Z ^71• * Place of origin
Guis de Cavaillon fo uns gentils bars de Proensa ...
P 191.1. * Social status
Guis de Cavaillon fo uns gentils bars de Proensa, seigner de Cavaillon ...
\i 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Guis de Cavaillon fo ...lares hom e cortes, et avinens cavaliers, e mout amatz de dompnas e per totas gens, e bons cavaliers d'armas e bons gerrers.
A lL6^.L. * Literary criticism
E fetz bonas tensons e bonas cobias d'amor e de solatz.
T 9«^» * Love suspected
E si se crezet a'el fos drutz de la comtessa Garsenda ...
P 210. Husband and wife 113
• ••la comtessa G-arsenda, moillor qe fo del comte de Proensa •••
P 251- Brotliers
•••comte de Proensa, qe fo fraire del rei d*Aragon.
Z 10,3* Transition formulas
£ mandet aqestas cobias a'N Bertram Folcon:
P 427.7.15«2. * Besieged poet remembers his lady
£ sap$a be qe dinz Castelnou son, £ li Francois nos estan deviron. £ membra'm be de cela cui horn son:
P 427.7»7«2, * Poet sings his plea
Hoc a 'N Bertram A * N Bertram Folc man, com hom esserat, Per zo q'el aia del venir volontat:
P 427»7»15»3. * Besieged poet describes siege
Qe'l jorn estam nos ol caval armat, E puois, al vespre, can tost avera sopat, Nos fam la gaita ontre'l mur o’l fossat; Et ab Franceis non a ‘n ges entregat, Enanz i son mainz colps pres e donat, Et d*aizo aja tre tres mes passat,
P 319.11. * Poet accuses friend of deserting
Et d'aizo aja be tres mes passat, Et el i a tot soau sojomat, Pois se parti de nos senes comjat Bertram Folcon.
XLIII Gui D'Uisel A. - Vida
Z 4-71 • * Place of origin
Gui d'Uisel si fo de Limozin, •••
P 191.1. * Social status
Gui d'Uisel si fo •••gentils castellans, •••seingnor d'Uisel, qu’es us rics castels. 119 P 251, Brothers
E li dui sei fraire avian nom I'uns N'Ebles e l'autre Peire, • • •
P 295* Cousins
•••e'l cosins avia nom N'Elias.
A lU-6U’,U’. * Literary criticism
E tuich quatre eran trobador. Gui trobava bonas cansos e N'Elias bonas tensos, e N'Ebles las malas tensos, e'N Peire descantava tot quant li trei trobaven.
P 191.1. * Social status
En Gui si era canorgues de Briude e de Monferran, ...
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
•••e si entendet longa saison en Na Malgarita d'Albuison et en la comtessa de Montferan, ...
T 29.3*2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
••.don fetz maintas bonas cansos.
P ^27.7.11. * Poet abandons poetry
Has lo legatz del papa li fetz jurar que mais non fezes cansos. E per lui laisset lo trobar e'l cantar.
XLIII Gui D'Uisel B. - Razo
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Ennanz qe'l lasses, el s'ennamoret d'una autra dompna de Proenfa c'avia nom Na Gidas de Mondus, ...
P 293. Niece
...Na Gidas de Mondus, n©9za de Guillem de Monpeslier, ...
P 2 9 5 . Cousins
•••Na Gidas de Mondus, ...cosina germana de la raina d'Ara gon.
T 29.3*2. * Poet composes poems about his lady 120
Longament l'amet e la servi e fetz mantas bonas chansos d 1ella e la mes en gran pretz e gran lausor.
A 1^61*-.ip, * Literary criticism
•••e fetz mantas bonas chansos d*ella •••
P ^27.7*23* * Poet advances lady
•••la servi •••e la mes en gran pretz e gran lausor*
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
•••ella diss "Gui d'Usels, . ..Ez eu’s voill tan de ben qe non pose a la mia volontat defendre q* eu non faza tot so qe vos deia plazer."
T 99.6, * . Casuistry of love
"••.Done eu die a vos qe aver mi podetz, o voletz per druda o voletz per mullier; et consellatz vos en, per cal me volez,"
T 99.6,3. * Help sought for casuistry problem
Gui d'Usel fo mout alegres e demandet conseill en chantan a N*Elias d'Usel, son cosin, ...
P 295. Cousins
Gui •••demandet conseill ...a N*Elias d'Usel, son cosin, •••
Z 10,3» Transition formulas
••.et d i s :
T 99.6, * Casuistry of love
Ara'm digatz vostre senblan, N 1Elias, ...... De cal deu plus aver talan
Qe de sidonz sia drutz o maritz,
Et N 1Elias •••si'll conseilhet q'el volia enanz esser sos maritz qe drutz*
P 295* Cousins
Et N'Elias, sos cousis, ••• T 99*6.1, * Solution to problem of love casuistry
Et N 1 Elias, ...conseilhet q ’el volia enanz esser sos ma ritz qe drutz.
T 101.1. * Poet does not marry
Et En Gui no la vole a mollier; ...
T 99*6.1. * Solution to problem of love casuistry
Et En Gui no la vole a mollier; et dis la soa tenson qe mais volia esser druz qe maritz. T 101.0. * Poet's lady marries
Done la dompna, per la responsa qe En Gui fetz, anet et tollc a marit un chavalier de Catalogna qe avia nom Renardon, ...
T 2U.9. * Lady dismisses lover
Done la dompna, •••dot conjat a Gui d'Usel e'l parti de se, digan q ella no '1 faria son drutz hom qe non fos cavaliers. A li^fiif-.-1+. * Literary criticism
Done Gui d'Usel fetz la mala chanson, pois qe ac facha la tenson.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E la mala chanson qe fetz poiz ditz:
T 29.3.2.2. * Poet sings of lady's fickleness
Car emprez ai del vostr'ensegnamen Com posca leu camjar ma volontat;
XLEII Gui D'Uisel C. - Razo
P U25.1. * Scribal text reference
Ben avetz entendut qui fo Gui d'Usel e don ...
P ^25.1.0. * Scribe gives resume of reference
Ben avetz entendut qui fo Gui d'Usel e don e con el parti 122 la tenson a son cosin N 1Ellas del partlt qe soa dompna 11 avia dat et cal part Gui pres et com la dompna s en Iret et con la dompna pres a marlt Qernardon de Catalogna.
P 295* Cousins
Ben avetz entendut qui fo Gui d'Usel e don. e con el parti la tenson a son cosin N 1Elias ...
T 99*6*1. * Solution to problem of love casuistry
Ben avetz entendut ...del partit qe soa dompna li avia dat et cal part Gui pres ...
T 29.8. * Lovers' quarrel
...la dompna s'en iret ...
T 101.0. * Poet's lady marries
...la dompna pres a marit Bernardon de Catalogna.
P ^27*7.11. * Poet abandons poetry
Don Gui d'Usel lasset de chantar et estet marritz et con- siros longa sason.
P ^27«7«H»1» * Poet's abandonment of poetry regretted
Et d'aiqel q'estava aisi, desplazia a mouta gen, et a dompnas et a cavaliers.
P 319.9*2. * Friends strive to reanimate poet
Et per tolre lo d'aqel pensamen et d'aqel'ira, ma dompna Maria del Ventedorn si'l escomes de tenson ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...et dis enaisi con vos auziretz ...
P 427.7.H.1. * Poet's abandonment of poetry regretted
Gui d'Usel, be'm pesa de vos., Qar vos es laissatz de chantar; E car vos i'n volgra tornar,
T 99.6. * Casuistry of love
Vol qe'm digatz si deu far egalmen 123
Dompna per drut, qan lo qier francamen, Com el per lei tot cant taing ad amor Segon lo dreig qe tenon l'amador*
XL11X Gui D'Uisel D. - Razo
A 1485.1, * Dating by reference
Pois qe Gui d'Usel ac facha la mala chanson ...En Peire d'Usel ...fetz aqesta cobla*.•
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
Pois qe Gui d'Usel ac facha la mala chanson ...
P 425*1* * Scribal text reference
•••la mala chanson q*eu vos ai dicha •••
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
•••la mala chanson q'eu vos ai dicha e comenza enaisi; •••
P 427»7*7*7* * Poet changes his mind
•••Gui d'Usel ac facha la mala chanson ...en la qal el blasmet so qe avia lausat •••
P 295* Cousins
•••En Peire d'Usel, sos cousis •••
M 57.1. * Poet judged by fellow man
•••En Peire d'Usel, •••per repenre Gui d'Usel, fetz aqesta cobla e mandet li:
Z 10,3* Transition formulas
•••En Peire d'Usel, .c.fetz aqesta cobla e mandet li: ...
P 427*7*7*7* * Poet changes his mind
Praire en Gui, be'm platz vostra cansos, Qe dissetz mal lei qe lauzes antan;
M 57*1* * Poet judged by fellow man
Se'n dissetz mal, ella no'i a nul dan, 12Ur
Che cavalier deu meil amar qe vos;
XLJV Guillem Ademar
Z 1*71 • * Place of origin
Guillems •••si fo de Javaudan, d'un castel que a nom Maurois.
Z 1*1*1. * Parentage
Guillems Ademars •••Gentils hom fo, fils de paubre cavallier*
P 191*2. * Social status changes
E11 seingner de Maruois si'l fetz cavallier.
1/ 0 .1 , * Favorable qualities
Et el era ben valenz hom e gen parlans ...
A ll*61*.l*. * Literary criticism
•••e saup mout ben trobar.
P 191.2. * Social status changes
E no poc mantener cavalaria e fez se joglar ...
W 1*5*2. * Honor bestowed on poet
•••e fo fort honratz per tota la bona gen.
P 1*27*7.11 • * Poet abandons poetry
E pois el se rendet e l'ordre de Granmon.
V 1*52, * Religious order entered by poet
Guillems Ademars ...se rendet e l'ordre de Granmon.
XLV Guillem Augier Novella
P 191.1. * Social status
Ogiers si fo uns joglars •••
Z 1*71* * Place of origin
Ogiers si fo uns joglars de Vianes, ••• 125
Z * Travel
Ogiers si fo •••de Vianes, •••estet lone temps en Lombardia.
A 1464,^. * Literary criticism
Ogiers •••fez de bons descortz e fez sirventes joglar- esc s f •••
M 5 7 . * Judgment of fellow man by poet
Ogiers ...fez de bons descortz e fez sirventes joglar- escs, que lausava los uns e blasmava los autres.
XLVX Guillem De Balaun H. - Razo
P 191*1« * Social status
Guillems de Balaon si fo us gentils castelans •••
Z ^71• * Place of origin
•••si fo ...de la encontrada de Monpeslier, •••
\i 0 ,1 , * Favorable qualities
• ••si fo •..tnout adreichz e mout enseignatz •••
A * Literary criticism
•••si fo •••bons trobaire*
T 29»3« * Poet falls in love
£ si s'enamoret d'una gentil dompna ...qe avia nom ma dompna Guilelma de Jaujac, •••
Z L7 1* * Place of origin
£ si s'enamoret d'una gentil dompna de l'evesqat de Ga- vauda, •••
P 210, Husband and wife
£ si s'enamoret d'una gentil dompna •••moillier d'En Peire, del seignor de Jaujac.
P ^27*7*23, * Poet advances lady
Mout la amet e la servi e la honoret, en contan et en cantan* 126
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
E la dompna li vole tan de ben q*ella fetz e dis tot cant ad el plac en dreich d'amor
P 310.0. * Friends
En Guillelms si avia un compaignon, qe avia nom Peire de Barjac, ... tf 0.1. * Favorable qualities
En Guillelms si avia un compaignon, ...valent e pro e bon e bel.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Et amava el castel de Jaujac una dompna jove e bella, qe avia nom ma dompna Vierneta; et ella l'avia retengut per cavalier, et avia dei leis tot cant il volia. Amdui eran drut de lor dompnas, Guilelms de Balaon et Peire de Barjac.
T 29.3. * Lovers quarrel
Et avenc se qe Peire de Barjac si se corroset com la soa dompna, ...
T 2^.9. * Lady dismisses lover
...si q'ela li det malamen comjat; ...
T 2U.8 . * Lovers suffer from separation
...don el s'en anet dolens e tristz plus que anc mats no fo.
T 51* Wooing by emissary
E Guilelms de Balaon se*l confortet fort qe no's desesperes, q'el faria la patz alo q'el tornaria a Jaujac.
T * Emissary succeeds
Mout fo loncs terms q'el fos tornatz lai. E si tost com Guillelms do Balaun fo vengutz a Jaujac, si fetz la patz de ma dompna Vierneta e d'En Peire de Barjac.
T 29.9.2.0. * Reconciled lover places joy of reconcili
ation above all others
Don el ac legresa sobre totas las legressas q'el mais avia 127
audas. Don Guilelms de Balaun se det gran meraveilla, qant el ausi qe Peire da Barjac dis qe anc mais per jois qe'l venges li legres no fo, neus qant la conqis de pri- mier.
T 2 9 .8 .1 * * Lover forces quarrel to experience
joy of reconciliation
Don Guilelms de Balaon dis q'el volia proar si'l jois de recobrar amor de dompna era si grans com lo jois del ga- zaing primier. £ feins se fort iratz com ma dompna G-uil- lelma; et estet qe no'il mandet mes, ni no parlet d'ela ni vole auzir parlar, ni annar en l'encontrada on ella estava.
T ifl.il-. * Communications from lady badly received
Dont ella li mandet un son mesatge cun doas letras fort amorosas, meraveillan se qe era so q'el tan estes de leis veser, o qe sos mesatges no l'ages mandat. Et el, com fols amans, no vole ausir ni entendre lo mesatge ni las letras, e fetz li dar comjat del castel vilanamen. Lo mesatges s'en tornet dolens e tristz a ma dompna Guilelma e contet li aqesta novella.
T 5 1 . Wooing by emissary
Don ela fo mout trista; et ordena ad un cavalier del sieu castel, qe saubia lo lor faichz, qe el s'en anes a'N Guil- elm de Balaun, e qe li demandes per qe era irat com ella e si ella avia faich ni dich causa qe'il deges deplaiser, qe la volia esmendar al sieu sen et a la soa volontat.
T 51.if.l. * Emissary fails
Lo cavaliers s'en venc a Balaon, e'N Guilelms lo vi e'l recoup mal. E qant l'ac dit so qe ma dompna Guilelma li mandava disen, et el li fetz responsion qe no'il diria l'ocaison; q'ela saubia ben q'ela era tals q'el non volia esmenda ni se devia perdonar. Lo cavaliers s'en tornet e dis a ma dompna Guilelma so q'En Guilelms avia dit.
T 75»0,U>, 2. * Rejected lady abandons reconciliation
efforts
Don ela se mes en desperansa e dis qe mais no'il mandaria mesatge ni prec ni rasonamen. Enaissi estet la dompna longamen en gran tristesa.
I 128
T 2 9 ,8 .1,0, * Lover begins to regret losses due to
forced quarrel
Bn Guilelms se comenset a pensar com el perdia per sa folia gran joi e gran benenansa. E si montet a caval e venc s'en a Jaujac; et alberget en la maison d'un borges e non al- berget a cort, disen q’el anava en pelegrinatge.
T 35* Lovers' rendezvous
E qant venc la noit, qe la gen foren a leit, ma dompna Guilelma issi del castel, com una dompna e com una don- sela, e venc s'en a l'alberc on el jasia, e fetz demandar la dompna de l'alberc; e fetz se menar a la canbra on Guilelms-jasia.
W 13*1* * Lady begs forgiveness for fault that
is not hers
E venc s'en al leit on el era e gitet se a genoilos denan lui; e baiset se la benda per lui baisar, qeren perdon del tort q'ela non avia.
T 75.^.1. * Lover humiliates lady
E sel no la vole resebre, ni perdonar lo tort q 1el avia d'ela; ans baton e feren la casset via de denan se. E la dompna s'en anet trista e grama e dolenta al son al- berc, ab cor faich qe ja mais no'l vis ni'l paries; e pentida d'aiso c'Amors li avia faich far.
T 29.3.3.2.2. * Lady refuses to be pacified
Et el autressi remas dolens d'aiso qe folors li avia faic far. E levet se per temps e venc s'en al castel e fetz dire q'el volia vezer ma dompna Guilelma, per so q'el volia mostrar e dire ad ela la folia q'el avia faita e per qe l'avia faita, e volia demandar perdon de la folor. E la dompna no'l vole vezer ni auzir; anz li fetz dar comjat e gitar del castel.
T 2if.3. Madness from love
Et el s'en anet com matz et cum folz, plaignen e ploran e sospiran.
1/13.2. * Lady regrets humility shown
E la dompna remas pentida de la humilitat qu'ela li avia mostrada. 129
T 24.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Enaissi estet Guilelms de Balaun ben un an, qe anc la dompna no'l vole vezer, ni auzir parlar de lui a neguna persona qe de lui volges parlar.
Z 10.3., Transition formulas
Con el fetz lo vers desesperat qe dis:
T 51* Wooing by emissary
E'N Bernarz d'Andusa, q1era lo plus onratz gentils bars qe fos en aqelas encontradas et era amics de G-uilelm e de ma - dompna Guilelma, si'l portet lo vers escrit.
T 51*4. * Emissary succeeds
E la preget tant caramen q'ela li des aqela gratia qe'il fezes perdon e q'en preses vendeta primeiramen. Et ela dis qe puois qe a lui tant plaisia, q'ela volia prendre la vendeta e far lo perdon; ...
T 29.4.2. * Lady imposes conditions
...mas si volia qe la vendeta fos aitals: q'En Guilelms se traises la ongla del det plus long e que la'i l'aportes.
T 29.9.2. * Poet rejoices over reconciliation
Bernarz d'Andusa s'en tornet a'N Guilelm e dis li la ven deta q'ela volia e'l perdon q’ela li fasia. Et el fo'n 10 plus legres hom del mon.
T 29.4.2.3. * Suitor accepts conditions lady imposes
Et ades se fetz liar lo deit e la ongla traire fora.
P 319.19*0. * Friend accompanies poet to lady
E montet a caval com En Bernart d'Andusa e venc s'en a ma dompna Guilelma, a Jaujac.
T 29.4.2.1. * Lady honors conditions imposed
E casegron li amdui als pes, qeren perdon; e presentet 11 la ongla del det. Et ela la receup e si'l perdonet la soa nesia folia.
P 425.8. * Scribal commentary 130
Et es grans merses d'ome, qant a gran be e vai mal qeren« qe'l trobe, si com fete Guilelms de Balaun* Q'enaisi's castia folz com el fetz, dan prenen*
XLVI Guillem De Balaun R. - Razo
P 191*1. * Social status
Gullhem de Balaun fon .1. gentils castelas •••
Z Uy1, * Place of origin
Gullhem de Balaun fon •••de ves Monpeslier; •••
W 0,1, * Favorable qualities
•••fon •••adretz cavayers ...et ensenhatz •••
A lL6it.lt. * Literary criticism
•••fon •••bos trobayres.
T 29*3, * Poet falls in love
Et enamoret se d'una gentil dona de Gavaudanf que avia nom ma dona Guilhelma de Jaujac*
P L27.7.23. * Poet advances lady
Mot l'amet e la servi*
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
E la dona l'amet tan que'l dis e'l fes so qu'el vole endreg d'amor.
P 310.0. ♦ Friends
Gullhem si avia .X. companho, per nom Pa de Barrjac, •••
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Gullhem si avia .1. companho •••valens e pros.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Et amava el castel .X. avinen dona, Na Viernenca, la cal tenia P. de Barrjac per oavayer, e n'avia tot son plazer. Abduy eron drutz d'esta dona* T 29.8. * Lovers quarrel 131 St arenc se qu'Bn P. se corrosset ab sa dona, •••
T 2U-.9 . * Lady dismisses lover
•••ela 11 det comjat; •••
T 2^.8. ♦ Lovers suffer from separation
•••ela 11 det comjat; don el s'en anet dolens.
T 51, Wooing by emissary
E'N Gullhem si'l confortet mot quo no's desesperes, qu'el ne farla patz tan tost cant tornarla a Jaujac*
T 5 1 .U -. * Emissary succeeds
Mot 11 fon grans lo termes ans que fos tornatz* E tan tost cant Bn Gullhem fon tornatz, el fetz patz d'Bn P. e de sa dona.
T 29.9.2,0. * Reconciled lover places joy of recon
ciliation above all others
Don P« fon alegres pus que can la conques de premier; don el mezeys o dis a'N Gullhem*
T 29.8.1. * Lover forces quarrel to experience
joy of reconciliation
Sn Gullhem dis qu'el o volia esproar si'l joy de recobrar s'amla era tan grans co'l premier. £ fes se fort Iratz a sa dona; et estet se que no'l mandec mesatge nl sal- utz, nl no vole esser en tota l'encontrada d'ela.
T * Communications from lady badly received
Don ela 11 mandet messatge ab letras amorozas, com ela's meravilhava com estava tan de lleys vezer. Et el, com fol amans, no vole auzlr las letras e fes dar comjat al messatje vilanamen, E'l messatge tornet s'en dolens comtar a sa dona com era estat,
T 51. Wooing by emissary
La dona fo'n Irada et adzordenet ad .1. cavayer del castel, que sabla lo fag, que s'en anes a'N Gullhem de Balaun e que saupes per que era aysl iratz contra ela; e si avia fag res en contra luy, que el s'en degues venjar; que ela 132
venrla ad esmendamen a son voler.
T 5 1 .U.1 . * Emissary falls
Lo cavayer s'en anet a'N Gullhem e fon mal recebutz* E can lo cavayer l'ac dig son voler, el dis que no'l dlssera la occayzo, car el sabia be qu'ela era tals qu'el no'n volia esmenda nl'l devia perdonar. Lo cavayer s'en tornet e dis o a la dona.
T 75*0.if.2. * Rejected lady abandons reconciliation
efforts
Adonc ela'l mes en soan del tot. Et ennaysi ela estec .X. gran temps.
T 29 .8 .1 .0 . * Lover begins to regret losses due to
forced quarrel
E can venc jorn, En Gullhem se pensec com per son fol sen el perdia gran joy. Montet en caval e venc s'en a Jaujac; et alberget ab .1 . borzes, que no vole venir en cort.
T 3 5 . Lovers' rendezvous
Ma dona Guilhalma saup qu'el era en vila. E can venc la nueg, que las gens foron colcadas, et ela yssi del castel ab .X. dona et .X. donzela, e venc a l'alberc; e fe se mostrar on jazia Gullhem de Balaun.
W 13.1. * Lady begs forgiveness for fault that
is not hers
E venc s'en al lieg on jazia, e mes se de ginolh denan el; e bayset sa benda, per luy baysar, e querec li perdo del tort que non l'avia.
T * Lover humiliates lady
Et el no la vole recebre ni perdonar. B la dona parti se de luy ab cor que mays no'l paries; e penedet se de so que avia fag.
T 29.3*3*2.2. * Lady refuses to be pacified
Et el remas iratz car avia facha tal folor. E levet se mati e venc s'en al castel e dis que parlar volia ab ma dona Guilhelma, per querre perdo. Ma dona Guilhelma, cant
!■ 133
o auzi, fes 11 dar comjat e dis no'l veiria; e fes lo gitar des castel vilanamens.
T 2^.8 , * Lovers suffer from separation
E'N Gullhem anet s'en trlst e ploran.
VT 13*2* * Lady regrets humility shown
E la dona remas dolenta e penedens de la humllltat c'avia facha.
T 2^.8 . * Lovers suffer from separation
Et ennaysl estec lone temps, que la dona no lo vole vezer nl auzlr. Dont el adonc fes lo vers desperat que dlt
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Dont el adonc fes lo vers desperat que dit
T 51*9* * Emissary volunteers to reestablish peace
E'N Bernart d'Anduza, qu'era'l melhor hom de la encontrada, saup lo fag e'En Gullhem e de la dona, e montet a caval e venc s'en a Balaun. E parlet ab En Gullhem e dis 11 co's podia far que el ages tant estat de vezer sa dona. E'N Gullhem comtet li tot lo fag e la foldat que 11 era venguda. E'N Bernart. cant o auzi la razo. tenc so a gran isquern. e dis 11 qu el ne faria patz.
T 29.9.2.1. * Poet rejoices over prospect of recon
ciliation
Don el n'ac mot gran gaug, cant auzi que se'n volia entra- raetre,
T 51.^. * Emissary succeeds
En Bernart s'en parti e venc s'en a Jaujac, e comtet tota la razon de Gullhem a la dona e com el era mot trist e dolent per la folia que s'avia pensada; e comtet li tot l'esquern com o fes per esproansa. E la dona respos que mot s'en tenia per falhida, car tan s'era humiliada ad el. E'N Barnart li dis que per so li era a perdonar enans, per lo dreg que era sieu e'l tort era d'En Gullhem. E preget la'n aytan caramen co poc ni saup que per Dieu e per merse li perdones e qu'ela'n preses venjansa, can li plazeria. E la dona'l respos que pus el o volia, ela'l perdonaria, ... 134
T 29.4.2. * Lady imposes conditions
£ la dona'l respos que pus el o volia, ela'l perdonaria, enaisi que, per la falha qu'el fag avia, que se traises la ongla del det menor; e qu'el la'y dagues portar, ab • X. cantar reprenen se de la folia c avia facha.
T 29.9.2. * Poet rejoices over reconciliation
E'N Bernart d'Anduza, can vi que alres far non podia, pres comjat; et anet s'en a'N Guilhem e dis li la resposta de la dona. E'N Guilhem, cant auzi que perdon trobaria, fo mot alegres e rendec li gracias, car tan li avia acabat av sa dona.
T 29.4.2.3* * Suitor accepts conditions lady imposes
Tan tost mandet per .1. maestre e fes se traire la ungla, ab gran dolor qu'en sofri. E fes son vers ...
P 319.19.0. * Friend accompanies poet to lady
...e venc s'en a Jaujac, el e rao senh' En Bernart.
T 29.4.2.1. * Lady honors conditions imposed
Ma dona Guillelma issi lor encontra. En Guilhem gitet se de ginolhs denant ela, queren merce et perdo, e prezentet li la ongla. Ela fo'n piatoza e pres lo per la man e le- vet lo sus. Et intreron s'en totz tres en una cambra; et aqui ela'l perdonet, bayzan et abrassan. E retrais li son cantar; et ela l'entendet alegramen.
T 29.9.0. * Reconciled lovers are more enamored
than ever before
E pueys ameron se pus fort trop que non avian fag enans.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aysi trobaretz de sa obra.
XLVXI Guillem Del Baus
P 191.1. * Social status
Guilelms del Bauz, princeps d'Aurenga, • • •
P 39. * Prince robs 135 G-uilelms del Bauz, princeps d'Aurenga, si raubet un raer- cadan de Franse e tolc li un grand aver en la sua strada.
P **31.2. * Merchant complains to Icing
E'l mercadans s'en anet a reclam al rei de Fransa.
P **31.2.1. * Merchant granted permission to recover
his loss in any way he can
E'l reis li dis q'el no li podia far dreit, qe trop li era loing: "Mas eu te don paraula q'en calqe maineire qe tu t 'en pos valer, si t'en val"•
P **31.3. * Merchant tricks robber by forgery
E'l borges anet e fetz contrafar sagel del rei. E fetz far letras da part lo rei a 'N Gui1elm del Bauz, q'el ven- ges al rei, prometen ad el grans bens e grans honors e grans dons. E qant Guilelms del Bauz ac las letras, ale- gret s'en mout et aparellet se granmen d'anar al rei.
Z **72. * Travel
E moc e venc s'en a la ciutat don era lo mercadans q'el avia raubat, q'el no saubia dont el fos.
P **31.2.2. * Merchant recovers robbed goods
E'l borges, qan saup q'En Guilelms era en la ciutat, si lo fetz prendre e totz los compaignos. E si'l coven a rendre tot so qe li avia tout, e refar tot lo dan. E tornet s'en paubres e desasiatz.
P 39«1» * Robber prince seized
Et anet presar una terra d'En Aimar de Pitheus, qe a nom L'Osteilla. E qant s'en venia per lo Roine en una barca, preiren lo li pescador d'En Aimar.
Z **72. * Travel
E tornet s'en paubres e desasiatz. Et anet presar una terra d'En Aimar de Pitheus, qe a nom l'Osteilla.
Z 183* Symbolic names
En Rambauz de Vaqeiras, qe s'apelava ab lui "Engles", ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas 136
•••sl'n fez aqestas cobias:
VT 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Del fol anar ond es en fols vengutz, Don totz autr'om fora decasegutz; Mas vos es tant de ric coratg' e d'aut Qe la foudaty dont nuls bom no'us rasona, sabetz cobrir; ......
XLVIII Guillem De Berguedan
P 191.1. * Social status
Guillems de Berguedan si fo uns gentils bars ...vescoms de Berguedan. seingner de Madorna e de Riechs ...
Z ^71. * Place of origin
Guillems de Berguedan si fo ...de Cataloingna ...
W 0 .1 . * Favorable qualities
Guillems ...si fo a..bons cavalliers e bons guerrers.
P 427»7»13» * Poet murders enemy
Et ac gran guerra com Raimon Folc de Cardona, qu 1 era plus rics e plus grans qu'el. Et avenc se que un dia se tro bot com Raimon Folc, et ausis lo malamen.
Q 211. Murder punished
E per la mort d'En Raimon Folc el fo deseretatz.
P 427.7.14. * Poet in need helped
Longa saison lo mantenguen siei paren e siei amic ...
P 427.7.14.1. * Poet betrays helpers
...tuichcs los escogosset, o de las moillers o de las fil- las o de las serrors ...
P 427*7*14.2. * Poet's helpers abandon him
...mas pois tuit 1 'abandoneren per so que tuichcs los es cogosset ...que anc non fo negus que '1 mantengues ... 137
P 6 0 1 . * Custom of literary patronage
•••non fo negus que’l mantengues, mas de N'Arnaut de Cas- telbon, qu1era uns valenz hom •••d'aquella encontrada.
W 0,1, * Favorable qualities
•••era uns valenz hom, gentils, e grans •••
A 1^6^.* Literary criticism
Bons sirventes fetz ...
M 57* * Judgment of fellow man by poet
•••disia mais als uns e bens als altres ...
W 117.2. * Lovor boasts of successes
•••e se vanava de totas las domnas que'ill soffrian amor.
P ^27.7»15» * Poet lives adventurous life
Mout li vengon grans aventuras d'arraas e de dompnas e de grans desaventuras.
P ^27»7.13.1« * Poet murdered
Pois l'aucis uns peofos.
XIZX Guillem De Cabestaing A, - Version
P 191.1* * Social status
Guillems de Capostaing si fo uns cavalliers .••
Z ^71* * Place of origin
Guillems ...si fo ...de I 1encontrada de Rossillon ...
Z 471*1. * Place of origin by reference
•••si fo ...de •••Rossillon, que confinava com Cataloingna e com Narbones,
W 0,1, * Favorable qualities
Molt fo avinenz e prezatz d'armas e de servir e de cortesia.
P 210, Husband and wife 138
Et avia en la soa encontrada una domna que avia nom ma dompna Seremonda, moiller d'En Raimon del Castel de Rossillon •••
W 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
.••En Raimon dol Castel de Rossillon ...era ...mais e braus e fers et orgoillos.
T 29»3» * Poet falls in love
E Guillems de Capestaing si l'amava la domna per amor ...
T 29«3»2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
E Guillems ...cantava de leis e fazia sas chansos d'ella.
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
E la domna ...era joves e gentil e bella e plaissenz ...
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
E la domna ...si'l volia be major que a re del mon.
T 257.12. * Jealous husband informed of wife's romance
E fon dit a Raimon del Castel de Rossiglon ...
T 257.12.1. * Jealous husband investigates reported
romance and verifies it
...et el ...enqueri lo fait, e saup que vers era ...
T 257»13« * Jealous husband places wife under guard
...el ...fez gardar la moiller fort.
\i 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
...el, com hom iratz o gelos ...
T 257«15« * Jealous husband kills wife's lover
E quant venc un dia, Raimon del Castel Rossillon troba paissan Guillem sones gran compaingnia et ausis lo ...
S 139•6« * Heart torn out of body of murder victim
...c trais li lo cor del cors ... 139
S 133.1,1. * Lady made to eat lover's heart
...e trais li lo cor del cors; o fez lo portar a un es- cudior a son alberc; e fez lo raustir e far peurada, e fes lo dar a la muillor. E quant la domna l'ac manjat lo cor d’En &uillem de Capestaing# En Raimon li dis o que el fo. Et ella, quant o auzi, perdet lo vezer e l'auzir.
T 291•2. * Wife made to oat lover's heart vows
never to eat anything else
E quant ela revenc si dis: "Seingner, ben m'avoz dat si bon manjar que ja mais non manjarai d'autre1’.
T 257»1^» * Jealous husband threatens defiant wife
causing her suicide
E quant el auzi so qu'ella dis, el coret a sa espaza e vole li dar sus en la testa; et ella s'en anet al bal- con e so alisset cazer jos, e fo morta.
T 89.3. * Poet's lady dies
...et ella s'en anet al balcon o se laisset cazer jos, o fo morta.
XLIX G-uillen De Cabestaing 3. - Version
Z U-71 • * Place of origin
Guillems do Cabestaing si fo ...de 1* encontrada de Ros sillon, ...
Z * Place of origin by reference
...si fo ...de Rossillon, que confina ab Cataloigna et ab Narbonos.
P 191*1* * Social status
Guillems de Cabestaing si fo us cavalliers ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
1-Iout fo avinens hom de la persona, e mout presatz d'armas e de cortesia e de servir.
P 210 Husband and wife lij-o
Et avia en la soa encontrada una dompna que avia nom ma dona Soremonda, moiller d'En Raimon de castel Rossillon,
U 100,1. * Unfavorable qualities
...En Raimon ...era mais e braus e fers et orgoillos.
P 191*1. * Social status
.•.En Raimon ...era mout gentils e rics ...
T 29*3* * Poet falls in love
En Guillems ...si amava la dompna per amor ...
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
...e chantava de leis e'n fazia sas chanssos.
U 0.1. * Favorable qualities
E la dompna, ...ora joves e gaia e gentils e bella, ...
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
E la dompna, ...si'l volia ben mais qe a ron del mon.
T 257*12. * Jealous husband informed of wife's romance
E fon dich so a'II Raimon ...
T 257.12.1. * Jealous husband investigates reported
romance and verifies it
...et el, cum hom iratz e gelos, enqeric tot lo faich e saup que vers era, ...
T 257.13. * Jealous husband places wife under guard
...e fetz gardar la moiller.
T 257.15. * Jealous hudband kills wife's lover
...Raimons ...trobet paissan Guillem ...et aucis lo ; ...
S 139*2.2. Other indignities to corpse
...o fetz li traire lo cor del cors e fetz li taillar la testa; e'l cor fetz portar a son alberc e la testa al- tressi; . . . lin
S 1 3 9 .6 . * Heart torn out of body of murdered victim
...e fetz li traire lo cor del cors ...
T 291.2. * T.’*fifo made to oat lover’s Heart vows
never to oat anything else
...e fetz lo dar a manjar a la moiller. ,.."Seigner, ben m*avetz dat si bon manjar que ja mais non manjarai d 1autre” .
T 257.1^. * Jealous Husband threatens defiant wife
causing Her suicide
...el cors ab s1espaza e vole li dar sus en la testa; et ella cors ad un balcon e laisset se cazer jos, et enaissi mo ri c •
T 89.5. * Lovers' death saddens people
3 la novella cors per Rossillon e per tota Cataloigna ... Ilout fo grans tristesa por totas las encontradas; ...
P 1 2 .1 6 . * Ivins avenges death of lovers
...lo roi d'Aragon, ...si’l fetz prendre e tolc li totz sos chastols e'ls fetz desfar; e tolc li tot qant avia, e lui en nenet en nreison.
T 36.5. * Lovers entombed together
...lo roi d'Aragon, ...fetz penro Guillem ...e la dompna, o fetz los portar a Perpignan e metre en un monumen ...
T 36.7. * Annual pilgrimage to joint lovers' tomb
ordered by Icing
...lo rei d 1Aragon ...ordenet per tot lo comtat de Ros sillon quo tuich li cavallier e las dompnas lor vengesson far anoal chascun an.
XLIX G-uillem De Cabestaing C. - Version, H
P 191.1. * Social status
Guillems de Capestaing si fo uns gentils castelans ...
Z L7I. * Place of origin 1^2
Guillems ...si fo ...del comtat do Rossillon, •••
Z L72,^. * Location by roforenco
•••si fo •••del comtat do Rossillon, q1os del rei d'Aran- gon, a l'ontrar do Cataloingna,
W 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Valens fo o cortes o mout enseignatz e bons cavaliers d'armas, e mout prosiatz per totas las bonas gens, e mout amatz per las dompnas•
A lk'6U-.U’m * Literary criticism
E fo bons trobairo.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Et enamoret se d'una gentil dompna •••
P 210. Husband and -wife
Et enamoret sc d'una gentil dompna q1era moilliers d'un ric baron d'aqola encontrada, qe avia nom Raimons de Castel Rosillon.
P 191.1. * Social status
B'iJ Guillems ...si era sos vasals,
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
...la anet et entondet on ela e'n fazia sas cansons,
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Et olla li vole ben tan q'en fetz son cavalier de lui. Lone tomps ac gran joi d ela ot ela do lui.
T 257.12. * Jealous husband informed of wife's romance
E fon dichz a 1 IT Raimon •••q'En Guilelms araava soa moillxer et ela lui; don ol s'engelosi d'ella e de lui, ...
T 257*13. * Jealous husband places wife under guard
•••o sorret la sus en una tor e fetz la fort gardar e fetz li gran re do desplasers, ...
T 2-1-.8, * Lovers suffer from separation 1U-3
...don Guillems ...introt on gran dolor et on gran tris- tossa. ...
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
...ot fetz aqella canson qo dis:
T 257.17. * Joalous husband associates poet's song
with, his wife
E qant Raimons ...auzi la canson q'En Guillems avia faita, el ontendot o croset qo do sua moillier 1 'agues faita.
S 113.3• * Murder by cutting off head
Si'l fetz venir a parlamon ab si dofors lo castel do Ca- bestaing o tailot li la tosta ...
S 1 3 9 .6 . * I-Ioart torn out of body of murder victim
...tailet li la testa e ...tras li lo cor dol cors ...
S 133.1.1* * Lady made to oat lover's heart
...e tailet li la tosta e mes la en un carnairol, e tras li lo cor dol cors o nos lo en lo carnarol con la testa. Et anet s 'on al sou castol e fetz lo cor raustir e foz lo aportar a la taula a la moillier o fet lo'il manjar a non saubuda.
T 291*2.1. * TJife made to eat lover's heart vows never
to lose the tasto left by it
E qant l'ac nanjat, Raimons si lovet sus o dis a la moillier qo so q'ola avia nanjat era lo cor d'En Guillen ...e mos- tret li la tosta o demandet li si era estatz bons a manjar. Et ela ausi so qo li demandava o so qe'ill diszia, e vi e conuc la testa d'En Guillen ...E si'l respondet qe 1'era estatz si bons e si saboros qe ja mais autres manjars ni autre beures no'il tolrian la sabor de la bocha qe'l cor Guillem ...li avia laisada.
T 257* Joalous husband threatens defiant wife
causing her suicide
E can Raimons ...ausi so q'ela disia, si li cors sobre con l'ospada; et ola fugi a 1 'us d'un balcon, et el venc do cors apres; e la dompna si laissa caser dol balcon jos et esmodega se'l col.
T 39.5* * Lovers' death saddens people
Aqest nals fo saubutz per tota Cataloina o per totas las terras del roi d'Arangon, e per lo roi Anfos e per totz los baros do las encontradas. Grans tristesa fo e grans dolors do la mort d'En Guillem ...e de la dompna, qar si laidamonz los avia mortz Raimons ...
Q 211. ilurder punished
Et ajostoren se li paren de Guilelm e de la dompna o tuit li cortes cavalier d'aqela encontrada e tuit cill qe eren amador, e guerreieren Raimon ...a foe et a sane. E'l reis d*Aragon venc en aqella encontrada, qan saup la mort de la dompna e del cavalier, e pres Raimon ...e desfetz li los castels o las terras ...
T 36.5. * Lovers entombed together
...c fetz Guilelm ...o la dompna metre en un moniraen enan la porta d'una glosia a Perpingna, en un ric bore q'os el plan de Rossillon, lo cals bores os dol roi d'Aragon.
T 36.6. * Annual pilgrimage to joint lovers* tomb
E fo sazos qo tuich li cortes cavalier e las dompnas de Rossillon o de Sardaigna c do Cofolon e do Riupoles o de Peiralados o do Harbones lor fazian cascun an anoual; e tuich li fin amador o las finas amairesas pregaven Deu per las lor anirnas.
T 257.16. * Joalous husband dies in prison
Et onaisi lo pros lo reis d'Aragon Raimon ...e'l deserre- tot o'ill desfotz sos castols e'l fetz inorir en preison; •
T 257.16.1. * Joalous husband's wealth given to lovers
families
...e dot totas las suas possessions als parens d'En Gui lelm ...e de la dompna qe mori per el.
XLIX Guillem De Cabestaing C. - Version, R
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
La vida d'En Guilhom de Cabostanh. lU5
P 191.1. * Social status
G-uilhem do Cabestanh fon .1. gentils castelas •••
Z U71. * Place of origin
G-uilhem de Cabestanh fon •••del comtat de Rossilhon.
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Valens fon e cortes e bos cavayers d'arraas ...
A lU6iJ-.ll'. * Literary criticism
•••fon ...bos trobaires,
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Et enamoret so d'una gentil dona qu'era molher d'un onrat baro, ...
P 210. Husband and wife
Et enamoret se d'una gentil dona qu'era molher d'un onrat baro, per nom En Raimon de Castel Rossilho.
T 29.3*2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
...l'amet En G-uilhom ...e'n fe mantas bonas chansos.
A 1-U6U.L. * Literary criticism
...e'n fe mantas bonas chansos.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
E la dona'l vole tan de be quo'l fey son cavayer, et esteron ab gran joi essems lone toms.
T 257.12. * Jealous husband informed of wife's romance
E fon dig al marit d'ela; don el n'ac gran gelozia ...
T 257.13. * Jealous husband places wife under guard
...don el n'ac gran gelozia e enserret la en una tor, on li foron faytz man desplazer; ...
T 2U.3. * Lovers suffer from separation
...don Guilhem ...ac gran dolor, ...
I Hf6
Z 10,3, Transition formulas
••.don fos una canso:
T 257,17. * Joalous husband associates poet's song
with his wife
E can Raimon ontendet la canso, crezet que fos de sa molher, •••
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
•••car dis en una cobla:
T 2**.3.0.3. * Lover cannot see his lady
Tot can fas per tomensa Dovetz en bona foy Ponre, neys can no'us vey.
Et aquest mot ontendet car En G-uilhem non la podia vezer •••
S II8 .3 . * llurder by cutting off head
E mandet lo marit a'N Guilhem que vongues a parlamen, E menet lo ab si foras, luenh del castel, et a trassio el li tolc la testa •••
S 139,6. * Heart torn out of murder victim
•••e trays li lo cor del ventre.
S 183*1»1» * Lady made to eat lover's heart
...li tolc la testa e nes la en ,X. carnayrol; e trays li lo cor del vontre. Et intret s'en el castel e fes lo cor raustir, per so car la dona s'agradava fort de cor de salvayzina, e fes lo manjar a sa molher, en semblan qu'el ne manjes. E can 1'ac manjat, el li dis que so c'avia man- jat era'l cor d'En Guilhem ...e mostret li la testa, e de- mandet s'il era estatz bos,
T 291*2,1. * Wife made to eat lover's heart vows never
to lose the taste of it
E la dona conoc la testa e dis quo tan bos li era estatz que ja raais autre manjar ni autre beure no'1 tolria la sabor• 1^7
T 257.1^. * Jealous husband threatens defiant wife
causing her suicide
E'l marit, cant o auzi, corret li desus ab l'espaza; e la dona ac paor e fugi ves las fenestras de la tor; e gitet se de la fenestra aval e mori.
T 89*5* * Lovers' death saddens people
Et aquest mal fo sauputz per tota la terra, don fon mot gran tristeza de la dona e d'En Guilhem •••
Q, 211. Murder punished
Et ajustoro se los parens e'Sn Guilhem e de la dona, e totz los cortes cavayers d'aquela encontrada e tug li amador e guerregeron Raimon ...E'l rey Anfos d'Arago venc en la terra, can saup lo fag, e pres Raimon ...
T 86.5» * Lovers entombed together
...c fes metr'En Guilhem ...donan l'us de la gleyza de San loan a Perpinhan o la dona ab el.
T 86.6. * Annual pilgrimage to lovers' tomb
E fon una longa sazo quo tug li cortes cavayer e las donas gontils de Cataluenha e de Rossilho e de Sardanha e de Narbones venian far cascun an anoal per lurs arman aytal jorn can rauriro, pregan Nostre Senhor que lur agues merce.
T 257»l6. * Jealous husband dies in prison
...lo rey pres Raimon ...e'l deseretet e'l tolc totz sos castels e'l fes murir en sas proizos, ...
P L25«l« * Scribal text reference
Aysi com avotz auzit, ...
T 257.16.1. * Jealous husband's wealth given to lovers'
families
...o donet totz sos bes als parens d'En Guilhem e de la dona.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E'l cantar per qu'el muri comensa: H*8
Z 10.3» Transition formulas
Et aysi a do sa obra
XLIX Guillem Do Cabestaing D. - Version
P 191.1. * Social status
Hon segnor Raimon de Rossillion fo un valenz bar, ...
P 1*25.1. * Scribal text reference
•••aisi com sabetz.
P 210. Husband and wife
••.Raimon ...ac per moiller ina dopna Hargarida, ...
V/ 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...la plus bolla dopna c'om saubes en aqel temps, et la mais prosiada de totz bons protz et de toutas valors et do tota cortesia.
Z i*l*l. * Parentage
Avene si qe Guillelm de Castaing, qo fu fil d'un paubre cavalier del castel de Castaing, ...
P 191.2. * Social status changes
...Guillelm ...venc en la cort de non segnor Raimon ...e se presentet a lui se'il plasia qo el fos vaslet de sa cort. Hon segnor Raimon ...dis li qe ben fos el vengutz e qe de mores en sa cort. Aisi demoret con ol ...
17 0.1. * Favorable qualities
•••'l vi bel oz avinenz, e li somblet de bona part, ... e saup si tan gen captener qe pauc e gran l'amavon.
P 191.2. * Social status changes
E1s saup tan ennansar qo non segnor Raimon vole qe fos donyol de ma dompna Hargharida, sa molher; ez enaisi fo fait.
P 210. Husband and wife
...mon segnor Raimon ...ma dompna Hargharida, sa molher; ... 1**9
W 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Adonc s'esforzet Guillelm de mais valer et en ditz et en faitz•
T 9,6, Nature of love
Mais, ensi com sol avonir d*araor, venc c*Amors vole assalir ma dompna Margarida de son assaut et oscalfet la de pensamen.
T 29.^.0. * Lady falls in love
...venc c'Amors vole assalir ma dompna Margarida de son assaut ot escalfot la do pensamen. Tan li plasia l 1afar de Guillelm e'l dich e’l semblantz ...
T 55» Girl as wooer
• ••non so poc tenir un dia qe’l no'l dizoss "Ara*m di- gatz, Guillelm, s*una dopna te fasia semblan d'amor, au- zarias la tu amar?"
T 29.^.2.0. * Lover imposes conditions
Guillelm, qe se n'ora perceubutz, li respondet tot fran- chamon: "5'ieu, ma dopna, sol saupes qe'l semblanz fosson vortadier•"
T 29»^»2,3, * Suitor accepts conditions lady imposes
"Per saint Johan, fetz la dopna, ben avetz respondut a gisa de pro; mas eras te volgl proar se tu poras saber e con- oisser de semblanz cal son vortadier o cal non," Cant Guil lelm ac entendudas las parolas, respon li: "Ma dompna, tot aisi con vos plaira sia,"
T 29«3« * Poet falls in love
E commenset a pensar, o mantenant li moc Amors esbaralla, o 1 *introt el cor tot de preon lo pensamen c*Amors tramet als sieus, De si enan fo dels servenz d*Amor e comencet de trobar ...
T 9« * Love teaches
Do si onan fo dels servenz d'Anor o comencet de trobar co- bletas avinenz o gaias, e danzas e cansos d'avinent cantar.
A 1 * Literary criticism
...o comencet de trobar cobletas avinenz e gaias, e danzas 150
e cansos d'avinent cantar.
T 9*9, * Lovo rewards service
Et Amors, qe rend a sos servenz sos gasardos, can li von a plaser, vole rendre de son servisi lo grat, Vai des- tregnen la dompna tan greumen de pensamen d'amor e con- - sire qe jorn ni noic non podia pausar, pensan la valor e la proessa q 1 ora en G-uillelm pausada e messa tan aondosamen.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Un jorn avenc qe la dompna pres Guillelm e'l dis: "Guil lelm, era'm digatz, es tu ancara aperceubutz de mos sem blanz, si son verais o mensongiers?" Guillelm respon: "Dompna, si'm vallia Dieus, de l'ora en sai qe fui vostre servire, no'ra poc entrar el cor nul pensamen qe non fos- satz la mielz c'anc nasqes e la mais vertadiera ab ditz et ab semblanz, Aiso crei e creirai tota ma vida," Et la dopna respos: "Guillolm, eu vos die, se Deus m'enpar, qo ja per mo non sores galiatz ne vostre pensamen non er on bada," Et tes lo braz e l'abraset dousamen, inz en la zambra on ill oron abdui assis, e lai commenseron lor drudaria,
Vf 197.1. * Gossip results
Et durot non longamon, qo lausiniers, cui Dious air, com menseron de s'amor parlar, oz anar devinan per las chan sos qo Guillelm fasia, disen q'el s'entendia en ma dompna Margarida, Tan annoron disen, e jus e sus, c'a l'aurella do mon segnor Raimon venc.
T 2^9,S. * Husband realizes betrayal by wife and
friend
Adonc li saup trop mal, o trop greu fo iratz, per se c'a pordre li avinia son conpagnon qo tant amava, e plus de 1 'onta de sa molher,
T 2^9,S,1, * Betrayed husband arms himself and goes
in search of wife's lover
...Guillelm ora anat a esparvier ...Et mon segnor Raimon lo fetz demandar on era ...Mantonent se vai armar d'armas celadas e si fetz araenar son destrier, et a pres tot sol son chamin vas cella part on Guillelm era annat. Tan chavalqet qe trobet lo. 151
T 2^9*8*2. * Botrayod husband finds wife's lover and
they exchange casual conversation
"Senher, ben siatz vos vongutz. Com es aisi sols?" Mon sengnor Raimon respondet: "Guillelm, qar vos vauc qeren per solazar mi a vos* Et avetz nient pres?"
T 2^9*8*3* * Betrayed husband asks truth of lover
"Laissem oimais aqost parlamen estar, dis mon segnor Rai mon, et digatz mi ver, per la fe qe'm dovetz, de tot aiso qe'us volrai denandar." "Senher, pois qe'us platz, de- mandatz mi, •••si vos dirai lo ver*"
T 9*10* * Love will not allow lover to reveal his
lady's identity
"Sapchatz de vor, mon sognor, c'amor m'a tot en son po- der." Raimon respons "***mas saber voill, si a vos platz: digatz qi es vostra dorana*" "Ail segnier, per Dieu, dis Guillelm, garatz qe'm deraandatz, si es raisons c'on deia descelar s amorl"
T 9*10*1* * Lover cites poet for support
Vos m'o digatz, qe sabes q'En Bernard de Ventadorn dis:
D'una ren m'aonda raos senz: C'anc nulz horn mon joi no'm enqis.
Anz es follia es enfan^a, Qi d'amor a benenanza Q 1en vol son cor ad omo descobrir,
T 9*10*0* * Lover misleads husband with mistaken
identity of his love object
"Senher, aitan sapzhatz q'eu am la seror de ma donna Mar garida, vostra molher, •••
T 51* Wooing by emissary
...eu vos jur ...qe'us on valrai tot mon poder." Eu voill c 1anom in qua lai, car prop es de qi*" Et enaisi prenneron lor cami lo chastel de lioi.
T 257*18. * Joalous husband attempts to trap suitor 152
Et mon segnor Raimon pres ma dopna Agnes per la man e mena la en chambra; •••Et mon segnor Raimon dis: "Ara'm digatz, cognada, •••amatz vos per amor?" Ez ella dis: "0cf senher*11 11 Et cui" fetz el* •••A la fin tant la preget q'ella dis c*amava Guillelm ••.Aqest dis ella per zo q'ella vezia Guillelm marrit e pensan, et sabia com el amava sa seror; don ella se temia qe Raimon non crezes mal do Guillelm.
T 257«19« * Jealous husband's trap ensnares him for
wife's sister and brother-in-law help poet
Aqost dis ella per zo q'ella vezia Guillelm marrit e pen san, et sabia ben com el amava sa seror; don ella temia qe Raimon non crezes mal de Guillelm. ••.Aqesta rason dis la dompna a son marit; e'l marit li respondet qe ben avia fach et det li parola q'ella poges far o dir tot zo qe fos escampamen de Guillelm. Et la dopna •••apella Guillelm dinz sa chambra tot sol et estet con el tant qe Raimon cuidet qo degues aver d'ella plazer d'araor. ...e tant feron •••qe Raimon crozia qe Guillelm jagues con ella.
T 257*20. * Jealous husband hastens to sow jealousy
in Ills wife
Et si tost com Raimon poc, se parti do Guillelm e venc s'en a sa molher o contet li zo q'avia vist de Guillelm o de sa seror.
T 92.0.6. * Jealous lady accuses lover of infidelity
•••la dompna •••mandet per Guillelm e si lo receup mal, oz apellet lo fals o traitor.
T 92.0.7* * Jealous lady proves her lover's innocence
Et Guillelm li clamet merce, si com hom qo non avia colpa d'aiso q'ella 1'acassonava, ...Et la dompna mandet per sa seror, o per ella saup ben qe Guillelm non avia colpa.
T 29.iJ-.2.0. * Lady imposes conditions
Et per zo la dompna li dis e'l comandet q'el degues far una chansos en la qal el mostres qo non antes autra dopna mas ella.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Don el fetz aqesta chanson qe dis: 153
T 29.^.2.7. * Poet fulfills conditions imposed
Et se tot me deslei De vos, ges non amnei, Q'ades vas vos doplei Per francha benvolhenza.
T 257.17. * Joalous husband associates poet's song
with his wife
Et qant Raimon ...ausi la chanson que Guillelm avia facha, et ontendet e creset qe de sa molher 1 *agues facha; •••
S 118.3. * Murder by cutting off head
•••don lo fetz vonir a parlamen ab si, fora del chastel, et talhot li la tosta et mes la en un carnarol, •••
S 139.6* * Heart torn out of murder victim
...o tras li lo cor dol cors o mos lo con la testa.
S 183.1.1. * Lady made to oat lover's heart
Et annot s'en al chastel, ot fotz lo cor raustir et apor- tar a la taula a la molher, e fetz lui mangiar a non sau- buda. Et qant 1'ac manjat, Raimon so lovot sus o dis a la molher qe so q'el'avia manjat era lo cor d'En Guillelm ...e mostret li la testa, e domandet li se era estat bon a manjar.
T 291.2.1. * tfife made to eat lover's heart vows never
to lose the taste of it
Et olla auzi 90 qo'il demandava, e vi o conoc la testa d'En Guillelm. Ella li respondet e dist li qe l'ora estat si bons e saboros qe ja mais autre manjars ni autres beures no'l tolrian sabor de la boccha qe'l cor d ’En Guillelm li avia lassat.
T 257.1^. * Joalous husband threatens defiant wife
causing her suicide
Et Raimon li cors sobra co l'espasa. Et ella si fug a l'uis d'un balcon, et el venc de cors apres"; o la dompna so laissa cascr dol balcon jus, et esmondega si lo col. 15^
T 89«5» * Lovers1 death saddens people
Aiqest mal fo sabutz.per tota Catalogna e per totas las terras del rei d'Aragon, e per lo rei Anfos e per totz los barons de las encontradas* Gran tristessa fo e grans dolors de la mort d'En Guillelm e de la domna, q'aisi lai- damenz los avia mort Raimon*
Q, 211* Murder punished
Et josteron si li paren d'En Guillelm e de la dompna, et tuit li cortes chavaliers d'aiqella encontrada, et tuit cil qi eron amador, e guerrejeren Raimon a foe et a sane* E'l reis Anfos d'Aragon venc en aqella encontrada, qant saup la mort de la dompna e del chavalier; et pres Rai mon e desfetz li los chastels e las terras •••
T S 6*5* * Lovors entombed together
•••et fetz Guillelm o la dopna metre en un monimen denan l'uis de la gloisa a Perpignac, en un bore q'es en plan de Rossillion e de Sardagna, lo cals bore es del rei d'Aragon.
T 8 6 .6 . * Annual pilgrimage to lovers' tomb
Et fo sazos qe tuit li cavalier de Rossillion o de Sar dagna e de Cofolen o de Riuples e de Peiralaida e de Ilarbones lor fazian chascun an annoal. Et tuit li fin amadors e las finas amarcssas pregaven Dieu per las lor arnas•
T 257*16* * Jealous husband dies in prison
St aisi lo pros lo rei d'Aragon, Raimon, e deseritet lo o'l fetz morir en la prison, •••
T 257*16.1. * Jealous husband’s wealth given to
lovers' families
•••et dot totas las soas possessions als parenz d'En Guillolm et als parens de la dompna qo mori per el.
T 86*5* * Lovers ontombed together
E'l bore en lo cal foron soppellitz Guillolm o la dopna a non Perpignac*
L Guillem Figuoira 155 Z ^71. * Place of origin
Guillems Figuera si fo de Tolosa • • •
Z Urk’l . * Parentage
Guillems Figuora si fo ...fils d'un sartor ...
P 191,1m * Social status
Guillems Figuera si fo ...sartres.
A 1^35*1* * Dating of lifetime by reference
E quant li Fransas aguen Tolosa, si s1en venc •••
Z U-72, * Travel
E quant li Franses aguon Tolosa, si s*en venc en Lombardia.
A ihGU-mU-, * Literary criticism
E saup bon trobar e cantar ...
P 191*2. * Social status changes
...c fez se joglars ontre los citaudis.
'wT 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
Non fo horn que saubes caber entre'ls baros ni entre la bona gen; mas mout se fez grazir als arlotz et als putans et als hostes et als taverniers. E s1 el vezia bon home de cort venir lai on el estava, il n1era tristz e dolenz; et ados so penava do lui baissar e do lovar los arlotz.
LI G-uillom Hagret
P 191*1* * Social status
G-uilloms Ilagrotz si fo uns joglars ...
Z 471• * Place of origin
Guilloms Ilagrotz si fo ...do Viancs •••
\1 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
Guillems Ilagrotz si fo ...jogaire o taverniers.
A 1^6^.4. * . Literary criticism E fez bonas cansos e bons sirventes e bonas cobias.
V 45.2. * Honor bestowed on poet
E fo ben volgutz et onratz ...
N 9.1.1. * Gambling poet loses everything in taverns
...mas anc mais non anet en arnes, que tot quant gazaingnava el jogava o despendia malamon en taverna.
II 57* 1. * Poet judged by fellow man
...el jogava e despendia malamen en taverna.
Z 472. * Travel
Pois si rendet en un hospital en Espaingna ...
Z 472,1. * Travel location by reference
Pois si rondot ...on Espaingna, en la terra d 1En Roiz dels Gambi ro s•
P 4 2 7 «7.11. * Poet abandons poetry
Pois si rendet en un hosTjital en Espaingna ...
LII Guillem Do Montaignagol
P 191*1* * Social status
Guillem de llontangnhagout si fo uns chavaliers ...
Z 471. * Place of origin
Guillem de llontangnhagout si fo uns chavaliers de Proenza, • • •
■tf 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Guillem do llontangnhagout ...fon bon trobador e grant a- mado r•
T 29*3* * Poet falls in love
Guillem de llontangnhagout ...ontendia se en ma dona Jau- seranda, del castel do Lunel; ...
T 29.3*2. * Poet composos poems about his lady 157 Guillem de Montangnhagout •••entendia se en ma dona Jau- seranda, ...e fes per leis maintas bonas chanzos.
A 1^6^.^. * Literary criticism
Guillem de llontangnhagout ...fes per leis maintas bonas chanzos.
LXXI Guillem Rainol D'At
F191«l« * Social status
Guillems Rainols d'At si fo uns cavalliers •••
Z L71. * Place of origin
Guillems Rainols d’At si fo ...de la ciutat d'At, la quals ciutat es el comtat de Folqualquier.
A lif-6^.^. * Literary criticism
Bons trobairo fo de sirventos do las rasos que corien en Proonsa ontro'l rei d'Aragon e'l corate de Tolosa; e si fez a toz sos sirventos sons nous.
II 57* * Judgment of fellow men by poet
Bons trobaire fo de sirventes ...cosens sirventos qu’el fazia.
P $0,U-, * Noblemen fear poet
Port fo tempsuz per totz los baros, per los cosens sir ventes qu'el fazia.
LIV Guillem Do Saint Loidier
P 191«1* * Social status
Guillems do Saint Leidier si fo uns rics castellans ...
Z 1^71. * Place of origin
Guillems ...si fo ...de Veillac, de l'ovesquat del Puoi Sainta Maria.
T’/ 0.1. * Favorable qualities
E fo honratz hom e bons cavalliers d'armas, o lares donaire d'avor, e molt amatz e grazitz. T 29*3» * Poet falls in love
£t entendet se en la marquesa de Folonhac, •••
P 210• Husband and wife
•••la marquesa de Folonhac, •••era •••moiller del ves- comte de Polonhac.
P 250, Brothers and sisters
•••la marquesa de Polonhac, •••era sor del Dalfin d'Al- verne e de Na Sail de Claustra •••
T 29,3.2, * > Poet composes poems about his lady
£n Guillems •••si fasia sas cansos d 1ella e l'amava per amor •••
Z 183* Symbolic names
En Guillems •••l'amava per amor e disia li "Bertran", et a 'N Ugo Marescal disia altresi "Bertran" •••
P 319*10• * Friend of poet is confidant
•••Ugo Marescal •••era sos compaing e sabia tot lo faich e'l die de Guillem •••e de la marquesa •••
Z 183• Symbolic names
••«e tuit trei si clamaven "Bertran" l'uns l'autre.
P 319*10*1• * Friend and lady betray poet
Mot aguen gran alegreza ensembre tuit trei; mas a'N Guil lem •••tornet en gran tristessa, que'ill dui "Bertran" feron gran fellonia de lui*
LIV Guillem De Saint Leidier B. - Razo „
P if-25.1* * Scribal text reference
Dig vos ai d'En Guilem de Saint Leidier qui fo ni don, e quals fo sa dona, e com N'Ugo Manescalcx fon sieus, •••
Z 183* Symbolic names
•••e com tug trei se clamavon "Bertran" l'uns l'autre, En Guilems ab la marqueza e com N'Ucs 159
T 69«7* * Lovers please the people
•••e molt s'alegravon totas las gens de l'amor de lor, per so quar maint fait avinen s'en fazion e s'en dizion per la lor amor*
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Lone temps l'avia amada et onrada En G-uilems la marqueza; e molt lone temps avia durat lur amors ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...avia una molt prezada dona e molt bela e molt ensenhada en Vianes, la comtessa de Rossillon; e tug li valen home li portavon gran honor e gran reverensia, ...
T 69.8. * Mutual admiration
...e tug li valen home li portavon gran honor e gran re verensia, e'N Guilems plus que tug li autre. Molt la lau- zava e molt la prezava e molt la vezia volontier; e tan se deleitava en parlar d*ela que totas gens crezion qu'el fos sos cavaliers. E la dona si'l vezia plus volontiers que negun cavalier del mon e plus se deleitava de lui; et el se deleitava tan d*ela qu'el n'estava de vezer la marqueza.
T 92.0. * Lady is jealous
E la marqueza s'en engelozit e crezet veramen qu'el fos sos drutz, e totas las gens ho dizion.
T 92.0.2. * Jealous lady avenges herself by offering
herself to another
Et ella mandet per N'Ugo Manescalc e ...si dis qu'ela s'en volia venjar al sen de lui: "Et anaisi quieu vos vueill faire mon cavalier, ...vueill anar ...en la soa maizo, et en la soa cambra jazer et el sieu leit; et en aquel leit vueill que vos dormatz ab me."
T 92.0.3. * Jealous lady's plan of vengeance accepted
N'Ucx Manescalex, ...dis a la marqueza: "•••Ve'us me a totz los vostres comans."
T 92.0.2. * Jealous lady avenges herself by offering
herself to another 160
La dona •••▼enc s'en a l'alberc a Saint Leidier •••En Guilems non era el castel. •••e la nueit se colgua N'Uc Manescalc ab si el leit d' En Guilem,
T 75*^»0, ♦ Lady humiliates lover
La novela fo saubuda per tota la encontrada; don Guilems fo tritz e dolens outra raezura; •••
T 75*2,1. * Rejected suitor's revenge
•••mas no vole mostrar brau semblan a la marqueza •••mais si s'esforset de servir la comtessa de Rossillion e de partir lo cor de la marqueza; •••
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
•••e fes aquesta chanso que ditz:
P 1*25.1. * Scribal text reference
•••la cals es escriuta aisi, si com vos auziretz.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E pueis dis en la repreza:
LIV Guillem de Saint Leidier C* - Razo
P 1*25,1. * Scribal text reference
Rig vos ai d'En Guilem qui fo ni don.
T 29.3« * Poet falls in love
E si amava la comtessa de Polonhac, la cals avia nom Marqueza, ...
P 1*25.1. * Scribal text reference
...si com vos aves auzit.
W 0.1. * Pavorable qualities
Molt era savia et ensenhada.
T 29.3»2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
En Guilems •••si l'avia amada et onrada longua sazo e fazia sas chansos d*ela, ••• T 75.3*0. ♦ Unrequited love
•••et ella no'l volia retener per cavalier ni far negun plazer endreg d'amor; • ••
T 29*^*2, * Lady imposes conditions
•••si'll dis la vescomtessat "Guilem, si'l vescoms, mos maritz, no m'o comandava e no m'en preguava, ieu no tenria vos per cavalier ni per servidor*"
T 29.iU2.1. * Poet sadly contemplates lady's conditions
£n Guilem de Saint Leidier, quant auzit la responsio de la marqueza, fo molt tritz e molt dolens, e si s'en anet pensan en cal guiza el se pogues enginhar com el fezes la comtessa preguar a son marit lo vescomte qu'ela lo degues retener per son cavalier; •••
T 51• Wooing by emissary
•••et acordet se qu'el fezes un vers en persona del marit, que'l maritz pregues sa dona per lui.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et En Guilem anet e fes lo vers que ditz:
T 51. Wooing by emissary
E quant ac fait lo vers, el lo mostret al vescomte ...al marit de la dona, e comtet li la razo per qu'el l'avia fait •••E'l vescoms •••apres lo fort volontiers, et ades quan lo saup, contet la razo a sa moiller.
T 29*^*2.8. * Lady honors conditions imposed
•••la dona •••recordet se d'aiso qu'ela avia •••promes, e dis a si meteisa: "Hueimais no mi pusc ieu defendre az aquest#" ...la dona lo reseup per cavalier e per servidor,
P ^25*1* * Scribal text reference
E lor amors estet et anet si com denan ai dig en l'autra razo.
Z 10.3« Transition formulas
Et aisi es lo vers si com vos auziretz: 162
LV Guillem De La Tor
P 191.1. * Social status
Guillems de la Tor si fon joglars •••
Z 471* * Place of origin
Guillems •••si fon •••de Peiregorc, d'un castel q'om ditz la Tor, •••
Z i|-72* * Travel
Guillems •••si fon •••de Peiregorc, •••e venc en Lombardia.
A 1 * Literary criticism
£ sabia cansos assatz e s'entendia e chantava e ben e gen, e trobava. Mas quant volia dire sas cansos, el fazia plus lone sermon de la rason que non era la cansos.
T 101. * Poet marries
£ tolc moiller a Milan, •••
T 101.2. * Poet steals a wife
£ tolc moiller a Milan, la moiller d'un barbier, bella e jove, la qual envolet e la menet a Com. £ volia li meilz qu'a tot lo mon.
T 39«3« * Poet's lady dies
£t avenc si qu'ella mori; •••
T 2i|>,3. Madness from love
•••don el se det si gran ira qu'el venc mat, e crezet qu'ella se fezes morta per partir se de lui.
E Jj-78. * Death of lady rejected by lover
Don el la laisset dez dias e dez nuoigz sobre'l monimen, e chascun ser el anava el monimen e trasia la fora e gardava la per lo vis, baisan e abrasan, e pregan qu'ella li paries e'ill disses se ella era morta o viva; e si era viva, qu'ela tornes ad ol; e si morta era, qu’ella li dises qals penas avia, que li faria tantas messas dire e tantas elimosnas faria per ella qu'el la trairia d'aquel- las penas. T 21*.3.1. * Love maddened poet expelled
Saubut fo en la ciutat per los bons homest si que 11 ome de la terra lo feron anar via de la terra.
Z 1*72. ♦ Travel
Et el anet cerquan per totas partz ...
D 1. * Transformation by magic sought
Et anet cerquan per totas partz devlns e devinas, si ella mais polrla tornar viva.
2 5 9 9 . 1 . * Transformation by prayer and good
deeds promised
Et uns escarniers si 11 det a creire que si el legia chascun dia lo salteri e disia .C. e .L. patres nostres e dava a .VII. paubres elemosinas anz qu'el manges, et aissi fesses tot un an, que non faillis dia, ella venria viva, mas non manjaria ni beuria ni parlaria.
D 5 9 9 . 1 . 1 . * Promised transformation fails
El fo molt alegres quant el so auzi, e comenset ados a far so que aquest 11 avia enseingnat, et enaissi o fez tot l1an entier, que anc non failli dia. E qant el vit que ren no'ill valla so que a lui era enseignat, ...
Z 1*73. * Death of poet
E qant el vit que ren no*ill valla so que a lui era en seingnat, el se desperet e laisset se morir.
LVI Guiraudo Lo Ros
Z 1*71. * Place of origin
Guiraudo lo Ros si fo de Tollosa ...
Z 1*1*1. * Parentage
Guiraudo lo Ros si fo ...fils d'un paubre cavalier.
Z 1*72. * Travel
E venc en la cort de son seingnor, lo corate Anfos ...
P 50*3. * Count served by poet 161*
£ venc en la cort de son seingnor, lo comte Anfos, per servir*
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
E fon cortes e ben chantanz.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Et enamoret se de la comtessa ...
Z 1*1*1. * Parentage
Et enamoret se de la comtessa, filla de son seingnor ...
T9* * Love teaches
. . . e l1amors qu*el ac en leis l'enseingnet a trobar.
P U-27*7*l*3* * Poet composes many poems
E fetz mantas cansos.
LVII Guiraut De Borneill A. - Vida
Z 1*71* * Place of origin
Girautz de Borneill si fo de Limozi, de I1encontrada d'Esiduoill ...
Z 1*71.1. * Place of origin by reference
Girautz •••si fo de Limozi . . . d ' u n ric castel del vis- comte de Lemoges.
P 191*1* * Social status
£ fo hom de bas afar •••
J 0. Possession of knowledge
•••mas savis hom fo de letras e de sen natural.
A ll*61*.l*. * Literary criticism
E fo moiller trobaire que negus d'aquels qu'eron estat denan ni foron apres lui; per que fo apellatz maestro dels trobadors, et es ancar per toz aquels que ben en- tendon subtils ditz ni ben pauzatz d'amor ni de sen*
A 1577.1* * Origin of symbolic names 165 E fo moiller trobaire que negus d'aquels qu'eron estat denan ni foron apres lui; per que fo apellatz maestre dels trobadors •••
J 0. Acquisition of knowledge
E la soa vida si era aitals que tot l'invem estava en escola et aprendia letras •••
W ^5*2. * Honor bestowed on poet
Fort fo honratz per los valenz homes e per los entendenz e per las dompnas qu'entendian los sieus maestrals ditz de las soas chansos*
Z 1*72, * Travel
•••e tota la estat anava per cortz •••
P ^27*7*0*5» * Poet has his own joglars
•••e menava ab se dos cantadors que cantavan las soas chan sos.
T 101.1. * Poet does not marry
Non vole mais muiller ...
V JfOO. Charity
...e tot so qu'el gazaingnava dava a sos paubres parenz et a la eglesia de la villa on el nasquet ...
H 11.1.5. * Identification by reference
••.dava ...a la eglesia de la villa on el nasquet, la quals glesia avia nom, et a ancaras, Saint Gervas.
Z 10,3* Transition formulas
Et aici son escritas gran ren de las soas chansos.
LVII Guiraut De Borneill B. - Razo
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Girautz de Borneil si amava una dompna de Gascoina qe avia nom N'Alamanda d'Estanc.
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities 166
Mout era preslada dompna de sen e de valor e de beutat •••
T 2 9 , 3 . 2 . * Poet composes poems about his lady
...et ella si sofria los precs e l1entend!men d ’En Giraut, per lo gran enansamen q'el 11 fazia de prec e d'onor, e per las bonas chansos q*el fasla d1ella ond ella sfen deleitava mout. per q'ella las entendla ben.
T 75 . 3 , 0 . * Unrequited love
Lone temps la preget; et ella, com bels ditz e com bels honramenz e com bellas promissions, se defendet de lui corteizamen, qe anc no'll fetz d'amor ni'l det nuilla joia, ...
T 7 5 , 0 . 3 , 1 , * Lady gives glove to suitor
•••ni'l det nuilla joia, mas un son gan, dont el visqet lone temps gais e joios; e pueis n'ac mantas tristessas, qant 1'ac perdut; ...
T 2i*.9. * Lady dismisses lover
...ma domna N'Alamanda, qan vi q'el la preissava fort q'ella li feses plaser d'amor e saub q'el avia perdut 10 gan, ella l'encuset del gan, digan qe mal l'avia gardat e q'ella n o '11 daria mais nulla joia, ni plaser no'11 faria mais d'amor, e qe so q'ella li avia promes 11 desmandava, q'ela vesia ben q'el era fort loing eissitz de sua comanda.
T 2^.8, * Lover suffers from separation
Qant Girautz ausi la novella ocaison e'l comjat qe la domna li dava, mout fo dolens e tristz, ...
T 2^.8.0.1. * Lover seelcs advice regarding dismissal
...e venc s'en ad una donzella q'ell'avia, qe avia nom Alamanda, si com la domna. •••& Girautz si'l dis so qe la domna li avia dit, e demandet li conseil a la don- colla qe el dovia far, ...
U 0.1. * Favorable qualities
La doncella si era mout savia e cortesa, e sabia trobar ben e entendre. Z 10.3, Transition formulas
,. .e di s s 167
LVII Guiraut De Borneill C. - Razo a) Version
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Girautz de Borneil si avia amada una domna do Gascoina qi avia nom N'Alamanda d'Estancs, et ella li avia faich plazers.
T 75.0*3. * Lady regrets gifts to lover
Et avenc se q'ela so penset qe sa valors avia trop des- cendut, qar avia so q el vole volgut ...
T 75* I'lan scorned by his beloved
...e si’l det comjat e l'estrais s'amor.
P ^27.7.7.^. * Poet attacks lady
...e si'l det comjat ...per tal don ella fo mout blasmada, car el era hom desmesuratz e malvatz.
W 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
...el era hom desmesuratz e malvatz.
T 2^.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Don Girautz de Borneil remas tristz e dolens longa sason per lo dan de si e per lo blasme qu'ell avia, que no con- venia qu'ella'n feses son amador.
T 75*3. Unrequited love expressed in poem
Don ol fetz aquesta chanson, rancuran se del traimen qu'ell1 avia fait de lui, e car jois e deportz e solatz plus no'1 p lasia:
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Don el fetz aquesta chanson ...
LVXI Guiraut De Borneill C. - Razo b) Version
T 2JJ-.8.0. * Cause of lover's dismissal
En Girautz no poc far ne dir tan qu'el pogues tornar en la grasia de ma domn*Alamanda, car ela era mout felona vas luy, per so qu'ela se volia partir da luy; don ela li trobet la ouchaizon del gan. 168
T 21*.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Don Girautz, si tot fo greu, s'en partic.
T 2i*.8.0. * Cause of lover* s dismissal
B sapxatz que ma don*Alamanda no li det comjat sol per lo gan, si tot en trobet ouchayzon; qar ilh o fes per so que pres per son drut tal don ela fo fort blasmada ...
W 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
...car el era bom fort malvatz e croys.
T 2l*.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Don Girautz de Bomeyl remas mout tristz e dolenz longa sazon per lo dan de se e per lo blasme de ley, car ilb avia facb amador di tal qui no'l convenia. ...e car a la domna no plazia plus solatz ni deportz ni rire ...
Z 10,3. Transitional formulas
...le quals chantars es escritz en aquest libre.
LVII Guiraut De Borneill D. - Razo
Z 1*72. * Travel
G-irautz de Borneil si passet outra mar ...
P 91*1* * Royalty and nobility admit poet to
their company
Girautz de Borneil si passet outra mar com lo rei Richart e com lo vescomte de Lemotges ...
H 11.1.5. * Identification by reference
...lo vescomte de Lemotges, lo cal avia nom N'Aimars, e fo al setge d ’Acre.
Z 1*72. * Travel
E qan la ciutatz ne fon presa e tuich li baron s'en tor- neren, Girautz ...si s'en anet al bon prince d'Antiocba ...
1'/ 0.1. * Favorable qualities
•••s'en anet al bon prince d'Antiocha, q'era trop valens horn. 169
P 91• * Royalty and nobility honor poet
Girautz ...si s'en anet al bon prince d'Antiocha •••Hout fo honratz per lui •••
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
•••Girautz •••si •••fo •••servitz, et estet ab lui tot un yvern* attenden lo passatge qe se devia far al pascor*
P if>27«.7*0# * Poet dreams
Et estan con elt el somniet un somni, •••
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
•••lo qual ausiretz en aqesta chanson qe diz:
LVTI Guiraut De Borneill E« - Razo
P 16.6.1. * King mourned
Per la dolor e per l'ira q'En Girautz •••ac de la mort del rei Richart d'Engleterra •••
T 75*0,1, Suitors ill-treated
•••e per l'engan qe l'a fait la sua dompna N'Alamanda •••
P il-27.7«ll» * Poet abandons poetry
• ••En Girautz •••si s'era laissatz de chantar e de trobar*••
P Jj-27.7.11.2. * Friends try to reconcile poet to poetry
•••En Ramons Bernartz de Rovingna •••sos amics •••lo preget e vole q'el chantes e fois gais •••
Z Jj-71* * Place of origin
En Ramons Bernartz de Rovingna •••era •••de Gascoingna •••
\I 0,1. * Favorable qualities lias En Ramons •••era trop valens horn •••e trop sos amics •••
Z 183« Symbolic names
Mas En Ramons •••era ...sos amics, com qui el se clamava "Sobre-Totz" ... 170
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
•••don el fetz aquesta chanson qe diz:
LVXX Guiraut Se Borneill P. - Razo
Z 1*72. * Travel
Girautz de Borneil si era partitz del bon rei Anfos de Castellat e •••venia s'en en Gascoina, e passava per la terra del rei de Navarra.
P 601, * Custom of literary patronage
•••e si'l avia dat lo reis un mout ric palafre ferran et autras joias assatz, e tuich li baron de la sua cort li avian datz grans dons •••
Z 1*72,1# * Travel location by reference
•••Girautz era cossi rics e •••passava per la soa terra, en la frontera de Castella e d1Aragon e de Navarra •••
P Ilf. 12.1. * King has poet robbed
E'l reis o saub qe Girautz era cossi rics e qe passava per la soa terra, •••e fetz lo raubar e tolre tot l'ar- nes ■••
P 1**.12.1.3. * King retains choice of booty
•••E'l reis •••fetz lo raubar •••e pres a sa part lo pala- fren ferran •••
P ll*.12.1.3.1. * King distributes remaining booty
E’l reis •••fetz lo raubar •••e pres a sa part lo pala- fren ...el'autra rauba ad aqels qe l1avian raubat,
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
Don Girautz fez aqest chantar qe diz:
LVII Guiraut De Borneill G. - Razo
P 96, * Nobleman has poet robbed
•••Guis, lo vescoms de Lemotges, l'ac fait raubar la sua maiso de sos libres e de tot son arnes •••
M 57* * Judgment of follow man by poet G-irautz • ••vi qe pretz era fugitz e solatz adormitz e dompneis mortz e proesa faillida e cortezia perduda et enseingnamenz volz en deschausimenz, e qe engans era entratz en amdoas las pars, en las amairessas et en los amanz • • •
P **27*7*7*i* * Poet appeals for regeneration
Girautz •••se vole penar de recobrar solatz e joi e pretz*
Z 10*3* Transition formulas
•••e si fetz aqesta chanson qe diz:
P ^27,7.7,2, * Poet sings bis plea
Per solatz reveillar.
LVXIX Guiraut De Calanso
P 191*1 * Social status
Guirautz de Calanson si fo uns joglars •••
Z k-71« * Place of origin
Guirautz de Calanson si fo de ••.Gascoingna*
P ^83*1* * Proven9al joglar composes poetry
Guirautz de Calanson ...ben saup letras, e suptils fo de trobar; •••
A 1U-6U-.U-. * Literary criticism
•••e fez cansos maestradas desplazenz e descortz d'aquella saison* Mai abellivols fo en Proenssa e sos ditz, ...e suptils fo de trobar; •••
W 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
I-Ial abellivols fo en Proenssa ...e petit ac d'onor entre*l cortes*
LUX Guiraut De Salaignac
Z lj-71* * Place of origin
Girautz de Salaingnac si fo de Caersin, del castel de Salaingnac. F 191.1, * Social status
Girautz de Salaingnac ...Joglars fo; ...
\i 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Girautz de Salaingnac ...ben adregz hom fo e ben cortes, • • •
P 1*83.1. * Proven9al joglar composes poetry
Girautz de Salaingnac ...trobet ...cansons e descortz e sirventes.
A ll*61*.l*. * Literary criticism
Girautz de Salaingnac, ...trobet ben e gen cansons e descortz e sirventes.
LX Jaufre Rudel De Blaja
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Jaufres Rudels de Blaia si fo mout gentils hom ...
P 191.1* * Social status
Jaufres Rudels de Blaia si fo ••.princes de Blaia.
T 11.1. Love from mere mention or description
Et enamoret se de la comtessa de Tripol, ses vezer, per lo ben qu'el n'auzi dire als pelerins que venguen d'An- tiocha ...
A 1 l*61*.l*. * Literary criticism
...e fez de leis mains vers ab bons sons, ab paubres motz,
Z 1*72. * Travel
E per voluntat de leis vezer, el se croset, e se mes en mar.
P 1*27.7.0.1*. * Poet thought to be dead
E pres lo malautia en la nau, e fo condug a Tripol en un alberc per mort.
T 33. * Lover's meetings unknown lovers meet
E lo fait lo saber a la comtessa; et ella venc ad el, al 173
son leit, e pres lo entre sos bratz*
T 38.1. * Unknown lover's meeting revives ill lover
E saup qu'ella era la comtessa, e mantenent recobret l'au- zir e'l flairar, e lauzet Dieu que l'avia la vida sosten- guda tro qu'el 1*agues vista*
Z If73* * Death of poet
Et enaissi el mori entre sos braz*
W ^5*2.1* * Honor bestowed on poet posthumously
Et ella lo fez a gran honor sepellir en la maison del temple*
T 89*^*2* * Lady grieving lover's death becomes a
religious
E pois, en aquel dia, ella se rendet morga per la dolor qu'ella ac de la mort de lui,
LXI Jordan Bonel
Z ^71• * Place of origin
Jordans Bonels si fo de Saintonge, de la marqa de Peitieu*
A l46if.L, * Literary criticism
E fez mantas bonas cansos •••
T 29*3*2. * . Poet composes poems about his lady
E fez mantas bonas cansos de Na Gitbors de Montausier •••
P 210. Husband and wife
• *,Na G-itbors de Montausier ***fo moiller del comte d'Ego- leima e pois fo moiller del seingnor de Montausier e de Berbesiu e de Cales*
LXII Lanfranc Cigala A. - Vida
Z J+71* * Place of origin
En Lafranc Cigalla si fo de la ciutat de Genoa*
W 0,1* * Favorable qualities Gentils hom e savis fo. ...Et ora grans amadors ...e trobava volontiers de Dieu.
P 191*1. * Social status
En Lafranc Cigalla si fo ...jutges o cavalliors, mas vida de juge monava.
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
...et ontendia se on trobar o fo bon trobaor o fes man tas bonas chansos ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aqui son oscriptas do las soas cansos.
1XEX Lanfranc Cigala Q. - Razo
P 425.1. * Scribal text reference
Era vau discn - e vos aujatz riccha nova - onaisi con vonc ad uns chavaliers, ...
P 191.1. * Social status
...venc ad uns chavaliers, castellans d'un ric chastel.
VI 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Ez eron ric de cor e de son o d'armas o d'aver, e bels o jovos de lor cors; et eron ric d'amor e de dompnei e do totz faitz plasens, et eron pros d'armas e maistres de guerra•
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Et sobre tos los autres amadors araaven per amors doas dompnas, ...et ill foron miolz amatz do lor dompnas qe chavalior qe fosson aqol temps.
VI 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...doas dompnas, bellas et ensegnadas e gentilz, ...
\I 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...per las cals cil feron maintz faitz d'agradatge, aisi comme so fai per amor de dompnas: bellas cortz, bels torneis, rics dons e bels acuillimenz; e fort se feron presar; et fort anet loing lo reson de lor rics affars; 175
Z * Location by reference
Ez aqestas dompnas estaven as un autre chastel loing de lor cavaliers tres leguas sengles.
T 55*6.2. * Ladies invite brothers; neither is
aware of invitation of the other
•••aiqestas dompnas manderon lor messagiers per aqestos dos cavaliers* ...q'eill deguesson anar en aqella noich ad ellas* et chascuns dis d anar; mas l1uns non saup las novas de l fautre.
P 251.5.7.0. * Brothers at war with nobles fear for
safety of their castle
Ez ill dos fraires avian gran guerra con grans barons d*aqella oncontrada e timian si de lor castel; ...
P 251.5.7* * Two brothers in agreement
...avian ordinat entre lor e format qe non se partirian ambs del castel per nulh besoing ni per affar qe pogues oncontrar, qe l’us dels cavaliers non remanses al castel per gardar lo e per servir los valenz c1andaven e venion per lor chastel.
P 251.5.7.1.0. * Two brothers break mutual agreement
...anc non se vole neguns acordar de remaner ...anz se mistrent en la via.
P ^25.7* * Scribe uses nature description
Et sapchatz q'ell era fort mal temps de ploja e de ven e de neu; et aiso fo contra la noich.
T 99.6. * Casuistry of love
...ill ausiren cavaliers devers l'autra part; agron li dui frore alegrossa e tristessa: alegressa del ben c’ausian dir d ’els, e tristessa qe non era l'uns de lor a1 mens al castel. Si qe chascuns preget l'un l'autre qe tornes de cors a lor castel; et aguen gran question ensems. Mas a la fin l’uns tornet e dis qe torna per amor de sa dompna.
T 99.6. * Casuistry of love 176
Aqesta rason saup Lanfranc Cichala tot enalsi com ela fon. Oont el demandet ma dompna Guillelma, per una cobla, lo qals d'aiqels dos devia aver mais de lausort o sel qe tornet a servir los chavaliers, o sel qe anet a soa dompna?
Z 10*3. Transition formulas
£t d*aqesta rason es faicha la tenson qe dis:
T 99•6* ♦ Casuistry of love
L'us retornet per servir cella gen, L'autre anet ves sa dompna corren, Qals d'aqels dos fet mels so qo'ill taingnia?
LXIII Lombards (NA)
Z tyl, * Place of origin
Na Lonbarda si fo una dona de Tolosa, •••
VI 0,1. * Favorable qualities
Na Lonbarda si fo ...gentil e bella et avinens de la persona et insegnada.
A 146^.^. * Literary criticism
£ sabia bien trobar e fazia bellas cobias et amorosas.
P 251. Brothers
Don Bernartz N'Arnautz, fraire del comte d'Armanhac, ...
T 11.1. Love from mere mention or description
Don Bernartz N'Arnautz, ...ausi contar de le bontaz e del valor de le; ...Et estet con ella de grant desmestegesa et inquert la d'amor, e fo molt son amic.
Z ^72. * Travel
...e venc s'en a Tolosa per le veser.
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
£ fez aquostas cobias de le, e mandot le ad esa, al seu alberg; ...
Z 1*72. * Travel 177 •••e pois montet a caval ses vezer, e si s'en anet in soa terat
T 29<3«2« * Poet composes poems about his lady
Lombards volgr'eu eser per Na Lonbarda, Q'Alamanda no'm plaz tan ni G-iscarda;
Z 183* Symbolic names
Hi rai1-de-Pres,
T 75.0.5.1, * Lady complains of suitor's abrupt
departure
Na Lonbarda so fos gran meraveilla, ...qe Bernartz N'Arnautz s'en era andat ses le veser, ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...e mandet le aquestas coblast
T 2^,8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Car lo mirailz e no uoser descorda Tan non acord c'ab pauc no'l desacorda; Mes can record so qe'l meus noms recorda, En bon acord totz mons pensars s'acorda; Has del cor pes On l'aves mes, Qe sa maiso ni borda No vei, qe las taises.
LXIV Harcabru A. - Version
Z 1*71. * Place of origin
Harcabruns si fo de Gascoingna ... y/ Z Wl, * Parentage
Harcabruns si fo ...fils d'una paubra femna que ac nom Harcabruna •••
II 11.1.5. * Identification by reference
...si com el dis en son chantar: Harcabruns, lo fills Na Bruna, 178
P 425.5, * Scribe identifies source
•••si com el dis en son chantar:
Z 10.3, Transition formulas
•••si com el dis en son chantar:
T 9« * Love missing irt poet's life
Que anc non amet neguna, Ni d'autra no fo amatz.
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
De caitivetz vers e de caitivetz serventos fez •••
A l485,l« * Dating by reference
Trobaire fo dels premiers c'ora se rocort,
P 427#7.7.4.1. * Poet attacks love and women
...e dis inal do las femnas e d'amor.
LXIV Harcabru B, - Version
P 427.7.0.1, * Poet abandoned
Harcabruns si fo gitatz a la porta d'un ric borne •••
Z 471.3. * Place of origin unknown
Harcabruns si fo gitatz a la porta ...ni anc non saup hom qui'l fo ni don.
V 400. Charity
E N'Aldrics del Vilar fetz lo noirir.
P 340. Teacher and pupil
Apres estet tant ab un trobador que avia norn Cercamon qu'el comensct a trobar.
A 1577* Origin of personal names
Et adoncs el avia norn Pamperdut; mas d'aqui enan ac nom Harcabrun. A l46if-.Jf. * Literary criticism
Et en aqel temps non appellava hom cansson, mas tot qant hom cantava eron vers*
P 50.4. * Noblemen fear poet
E fo mout cridatz et ausitz pel mon, e doptatz per sa lenga; car el fo tant maldizens •••
Q 393*3* * Poet's sharpness of tongue punished
•••el fo tant maldizens quo, a la fin, lo desfeiron li castellan de Guiana, de cui avia dich mout gran mal*
LXV Maria De Ventadorn
P ^25*1. * Scribal text reference
Ben avotz auzit de ma dompna Maria de Ventadorn com ella f o * * *
V/ 0*1* * Favorable qualities
•••com ella fo la plus bella preziada dompna qe anc fos en Lemozin, et aqella qo plus fetz de be e plus se gardet de mal*
J 0# Possession of wisdom
E totas vetz l'ajudet sos senz, e follors no*ill fetz far follia.
If 13, * Humility
Et onret la Deus de bel plazen cors avinen, ses maestria.
T 299*6, * Lady lost
En Guis d'Uisels si avia perduda sa dompna, •••
P ii-25,1, * Scribal text reference
•••si com avetz ausit en la soa canson •••
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
•••si com vos avetz ausit en la soa canson qe dis:
T 2^,8• * Lovers suffer from separation 180
En G-uls d'Uisels si avia perduda sa dompna, •••don el vivia en gran dolor et en gran tristessa*
P ^27,7*11. * Poet abandons poetry
Et avia lono temps q1el no avia chantat ni trobat; •••
P ^27*7«H*1* * Poet's abandonment of poetry regretted
Et avia lone temps q'el no avia chantat ni trobat; don totas las bonas dompnas d'aqella encontrada n'eron fort dolentas, e ma dompna Maria plus qe totas, •••
T 29.3,2,* Poet composes poems about his lady
• ••per so q'En G-uis d'Uisels la lauzava en totas sas cansos,
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
E'l corns de la Marcha, lo cals era apellatz N'Ucs lo Brus, si era sos cavalliers, et ella l'avia fait tant d'onor e d'araor com dompna pot far a cavallier.
T 99.6, * Casuistry of love
Et, un dia, el dompnejava com ella, e si agron una tenson entre lor; qe'l corns de la Marcha dizia qe totz fis amaire, •••deu aver aitan de seignoria en ella e de comandamen com ella de lui, E ma dompna Maria defendia qe 1*amics no devia aver en ella seignoria ni comandamen,
P ^27,7.11.2. * Friends try to reconcile poet to poetry
En Guis d'Uisels si era en la cort de ma dompna Maria; et ella, per far lo tornar en cansos et en solatz, li fetz una cobla •••
T 99*6, * Casuistry of love
•••li mandet si se convenia qe 1*amics ages aitant de seignoria en la soa dompna com la dompna en lui*
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E d'aqesta rason ma dompna Maria si l'escomes de tenson e dis enaissit
LXVX Monge De Montaudon
Z V 71. * Place of origin 181
Lo monges de Montaudon si fo d'Alveme, d'un castel que a nom Vic, • ••
Z ^71*1. * Place of origin by reference
•••si fo d'Alverne, •••qu'es pres d'Orlac,
P 191*1* * Social status
Gentils bom fo; •••
P 191*2, * Social status changes
Qentils hom fo; e fo faichs morgues de l'abaia d'Orlac.
Z ^72. * Travel
£ l1abas si'l det lo priorat de Montaudon, •••
H 992. * Poet performs tasks assigned
•••e lai el se portet ben de far lo ben de la maison,
A 1^6^,^, * Literary criticism
£ fasia cobias estan en la morgia e sirventes de las rasons que corion en aquella encontrada.
P U-26 .3*^* * Monk composes poetry
£ fasia cobias estan en la morgia e sirventes • ••
P 91*1* * Royalty and nobility admit poet to
their company
£fill cavallier e'ill baron si'l traissen de la morgia •••
P 91* * Royalty and nobility honor poet
E'ill cavallier e'ill baron si'l traissen de la morgia e feiren li gran honor •«•
P 601• * Custom of literary patronage
E'ill cavallier e'ill baron •••deiron li tot so que'ill plac ni lor demandet; •••
P ^26,3*5* * Monk enriches his church
•••et el portava tot a Montaudon, al sieu priorat. Mout crec e meilluret la soa glesia, portan tota via los draps mongils.
Z ty2. ♦ Travel
£ tornet s'en ad Orlac, al sleu abat, •••
P ^26.3*6. * Successful monk granted request for change
£ tornet s'en ad Orlac, al sleu abat, mostran lo meillura- men qu'el avia falch al priorat de Montaudon; e preguet que'ill 11 des gracia que's degues regir al sen del rei N'Anfos d'Arragon; e l'abas la'ill det.
Z L72. * Travel
•••e preguet que'ill li des gracia que's degues regir al sen del rei N Anfos d'Arragon; •••
P iJ-26.3.7* * Monk accepts king's order to live
worldly life
E'il reis li comandet qu'el manjes c a m e domnejes e can tos e trobes; et el si fez. £ fo faichs seingner del Puoi Sainta Maria e de dar 1'esparvier.
W ^5»2. * Honor bestowed on poet
£ fo faichs seingner del Puoi Sainta Maria e de dar l'es parvier. Lone temps ac la seingnoria de la cort del Puoi, tro que la cortz se perdet.
Z il-72. * Travel
E pois el s'en anet en Espaingna, ...
P 91. * Royalty and nobility honor poet
...e fo li faita grans honors per totz los reis e per toz los barons.
Z U-72. * Travel
Et anet s'en ad un priorat en Espaingna, que a nom Vila- franca, qu'es de l'abaia d*Orlac.
P ^26.3»5» * Monk enriches his church
Et anet s'en ad un priorat ...£ l'abas si la'il det. Et el la enrequi e la meilloret; ... 183
Z 1*73. * Death of poet
St anet s'en ad un priorat en Sspaingna, -•••e lai el mori e definet.
LXVII Feire D'Alvergne
Z J*71. * Place of origin
Peire d'Alverne si fo de l'evesquat de Clarmon.
J 0. Possession of knowledge
Savis hom fo e ben letratz, •••
Z bU-1. * Parentage
•••e fo fils d'un borges.
W 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Bels et avinens fo de la persona.
A l46^,U-, * Literary criticism
£ trobet ben e cantet ben, e fo lo premiers bons trobaire que fon outra mon et aquel que fez los meillors sons de vers que anc fosson faichs:
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
...et aquel que fez los meillors sons de vers que anc fos son faichs:
A 1^6^.L. * Literary criticism
Canson no fetz, que non era adoncs negus cantars appellatz cansos, mas vers; qu'En Guirautz de Borneill fetz la premeira canson que anc fos faita. ...et era tengutz per lo meillor trobador del mon, tro que venc Guirautz de Borneill.
W 2. * Honor bestowed on poet
Mout fo onratz e grasitz per totz los valenz barons que adonc eran e per totas las valenz dompnas, ...
M 57* * Judgment of fellow man by poet
Mout ...en sos cantars .•.blasmava los autres trobadors, ... 184
W 116, Vanity
Mout se lausava en sos cantars e blasmava los autres •••
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
•••si qu'el dis de si en una cobla d'un sirventes qu'il fez :
W 116• Vanity
Peire d ’Alverne a tal votz Que canta de sobr'e de sotz, B siei son son douz e plasen; B pois es maistre de totz, Ab q'un pauc esclaris sos motz, Qu*a penas nuillz hom los enten.
U 252. * Length of life
Longamen estet e visquet al mont com la bona gen, •••
P 425«5» * Scribe identifies source
•••segon qu'en dis lo Dalfins •••
A 1485*1* * Dating by reference
•••lo Dalfins d'Alverne, en cui temps elnasquet; •••
Z 473. * Death of poet
•••e pois el fetz penitensa e mori.
LXVIII Peire De Barjac
P 191.1, * Social status
Peire de Barjac si fo uns cavalliers ...
H 11,1.5. * Identification by reference
Peire de Barjac si fo •••conpaingnon d’En Guillem de Balaun.
W 0«1. * Favorable qualities
B fo fort adregs e cortes, e tot aitals cavalliers com taingnia a Guillem de Balaun*
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated £ si s'enamoret d'una dompna del oastel de Jaujacf la moiller d'un vavasor, et ella de lui; et ac de lei tot so qe'il plac.
P 319*10* * Friend of poet is oonfidant
£ Guillems de Balaun sabia 1*amor de lui e d 1ella*
F 319*10*0* * Friend accompanies poet to lady
£ venc una serra el venc a Jaujac com Guillem de Balaun e fo sentatz a parlamen ab sa domna*
T 29*8* * Lovers quarrel
£t avenc si que Peire de Barjac s'en parti malamen com gran desplazer e com brau comjat qu'ella li det*
T zUr, 8* * Lovers suffer from separation
£ quan venc l'endeman, Guillems s'en parti, e Peire com lui, tristz e dolenz.
P 319*10* * Friend of poet is confidant
En Guillems demandet per que era tant tristz; et el li dis lo covinen*
T 51, Wooing by emissary
En Guillems lo confortet, disen qu'el en faria patz*
T 29*9* * Lovers reconciled
£ no fo lone temps qu'eil foron tornat a Jaujac, e fon faita la patz; et s'en parti d1ella com gran plazer que la domna li fetz*
Z 10*3* Transition formulas
Et aqui es oscrit lo comjat qu'el pres de lei*
LXXX Peire Bremon Lo Tort
Z Ur71. * Place of origin
Peire Bremonz lo Torz si fo ***de Vianes*
P 191*1* * Social status
Peire Bremonz lo Torz si fo uns paubres cavalliers ••• 186
A * Literary criticism
E fo bons trobaire •••
W ^5.2. * Honor bestowed on poet
•••et ac honor per totz los -bons homes.
LXX Peire De Bussignac
P 191*1» * Social status
Peire de Bosignac si fo uns clers •••
W 0,1, * Favorable qualities
Peire de Bosignac si fo •••gentils hom •••
Z ^71. * Place of origin
Peire de Bosignac si fo •••del castel d*En Bertran de Born*
A 1^64,* Literary criticism
Trobaire fo de bons sirventes •••
M 57• * Judgment of fellow man by poet
Trobaire fo de bons sirventes, de reprendre las doranas que fazian mal e de reprendre los sirventes d'En Bertran de Born*
LXXI Peire Cardenal
Z J*71. * Place of origin
Peire Cardinal si fo de Veillac, de la siutat del Puei Nostra Domna; •••
Z WH. * Parentage
•••e fo d ’onradas gens de paratge, e fo filz de cavallier e de domna•
P 191.1. * Social status
•••fo filz de cavallier e de domna.
P 191.2, * Social status changes
E cant era petitz, sos paires lo mes per quanorgue en la quanorguia major del Puel; •••
J 0. Acquisition of knowledge
•••et apres letras, e saup ben lezer e chantar.
W 116. Vanity
S quant fo vengutz en etat d'ome, el s'azautet de la vane tat d'aquest mon, quar el se sentit gals e bels e joves.
A 1^6^.^. * Literary criticism
£ molt trobet de bellas razos e de bels chantz; e fetz cansos, mas paucas; e fes mans sirventes, e trobet los molt bels e bons* En los cals sirventes demostrava molt de bellas razons e de bels examples, qui ben los enten; •
M 57. * Judgment of fellow man by poet
•••quar molt castiava la follia d'aqest mon, e los fals clergues reprendia molt, segon que demostron li sieu sirventes*
Z 1*72, * Travel
Et anava per cortz de reis e de gentils barons, •••
P 1*27*7*0«5« * Poet has his own Joglar
Et anava per cortz •••menan ab si son joglar que cantava sos sirventes*
W 45.2. * Honor bestowed on poet
E molt fo onratz e grazitz per mon seingnor lo bon rei d'Arragon e per onratz barons.
P 1*25 »Ur. * Scribe identifies himself
Et ieu, maistre Hiquel de la Tor, escrivan, fauc a saber
Z 1*73* * Death of poet
•••En Peire Cardinal, quan passet d'aquesta vida, •••
U 252* * Length of life
•••qu'En Peire Cardinal, quan passet d'aquesta vida, qu'el avia ben entor sent ans« F *12,5.6. * Scribe identifies place of composition
£t ieu, sobredig Miquel, ai aquestz sirventes escritz en la ciutat de Nemze.
Z 10,3, Transition formulas
£t aqui son escritz de los sieus sirventes.
LXXII Peire Guillem De Toloza
Z *P71. * Place of origin
Peire Guillems si fo de Tolosa ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Peire Guillems si fo ••.cortes hom e ben avinenz d*estar entre las bonas genz.
A 1 * Literary criticism
£ fez ben cobias ...e fez lirventes joglarescs ...
P **27.7.1.3»1. * Overproduction by poet
£ fez ben cobias, mas trop en fazia ...
M 57* * Judgment of fellow man by poet
Peire Guillems ...fez sirventes joglarescs e de blasmar los baros.
V **52. * Religious order entered by poet
Peire Guillems ...rendet se a l'ordre de la Spaza.
LXXIII Peire De Maensac
Z **7!• * Place of origin
Peire de Maensac si fo d'Alverne, de la terra del Dalfin •
P 191.1. * Social status
Peire de Maensac si fo ...paupres cavalliers ...
P 251. Brothers
Peire de Maensac si ...ac un fraire que ac nom Austors de Maensac ... 189
J 1115*12. * Clever noblemen compose poetry
Peire de Maensac si •••ac un fraire •••et amdul foron trobador.
P 251.5,7, * Two brothers in agreement
£ foren amdui en concord! que l'uns d'els agues lo castel e l'autre agues lo trobar* Lo castel ac Austors e'l trobar ac Peire •••
P 427.7.1.2. * Poet sings of the wife of another
•••e'l trobar ac Peire; e trobava de la moiller d 1En Bernart de Tierci,
T 249,3, * Wife allows poet to abduct her
Tant cantet d* ella e tant la onret e la servi que la dompna se laisset furar ad el; e mena la en un castel del Dal- fin d'Alverne,
T 210,3, * Faithful husband fights to recover
abducted wife
E'l marritz la demandet molt com la glesia e com gran guerra que'n fetz •••
T 249,3,1. * Unfaithful wife and lover granted refuge
•••e'l Dalfins lo mantenc, si que mais no'ill la rendet.
W 0,1. * Favorable qualities
Fort fo adregs hom e de bel solatz; •••
A 1464,4, * Literary criticism
•••e fez avinenz cansos de sons e de motz, e bonas cobias de solatz.
LXXIV Peire De La Mula
P 191,1* * Social status
Peire de la Mula si fo uns joglars •••
Z 472. * Travel
Peire ,,.si ...estet e Monferrat on Peimont ,,.et a Corte- milla. 190
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
Peire ...si ...estete Monferrat en Peimont ab miser N'Ot del Carret, •••
P 483.1. * Proven?al joglar composes poetry
Peire de la Mula si fo uns joglars ...E fo trobaire de cobias e de sirventes.
LXXV Peire Raimon Qe Tolosa
Z 441. * Parentage
Peire Raimons de Tolosa lo Viellz si fo filz d'un borges.
P 191.2. * Social status changes
Peire Raimons de Tolosa lo Viellz ...fetz se joglar ...
Z 472. * Travel
E fetz se joglar et anet en la cort del rei Anfos d'Arra gon ...
P 91. * Royalty and nobility honor poet
•••e'l reis l'acuilli e'ill fetz gran honor.
J 0. Possession of knowledge
Et el era savis hom e suptils •••
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
...e saub ben trobar e cantar; e fetz bonas cansos.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
Et estet en la cort del rei e del bon comte Raimon e d'Sn Guillem de Monpeslier, longa sason.
T 101. * Poet marries
Pois tolc moiller a Ponias ...
Z 473. * Death of poet
Pois tolc moiller a Pomias; e lai el definet. Z 10.3* Transition formulas
£t aqui son escriptas de las soas cansos
LXXVI Peire Rogier
Z J*71» * Place of origin
Peire Rogiers si fo d'Alverne •••
P 191*1* * Social status
Peire Rogiers si fo •••canorgues de Clarmon; •••
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
•••fo gentils hom e bels et avinenz, •••
J 0. Possession of knowledge
•••Peire Rogiers ...fo •••savis de letras e de sen na tural ; • •.
A * Literary criticism
•••e cantava e trobava ben.
P 191.2. * Social status changes
£ laisset la canorga e fetz se joglars, •••
Z 1*72, * Travel
•••et anet per cortz, •••
A lJffiiJ’.lt. * Literary criticism
•••e foron grasit li sieu cantar.
Z 1*72, * Travel
£ venc s'en a Narbona, en la cort de ma domna Ermengarda .
W 0.1, * Favorable qualities
•••Ermengarda, ...era adoncs de gran valor e de gran pretz
P 601, * Custom of literary patronage
Et ella l'acuilli fort e'ill fetz grans bens* 192
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
E s'enamoret d'ella •••
T 29•3*2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
•••e fetz sos vers e sas cansos d'ella.
T 29.3.2.1. * Lady gladly accepts poet's efforts
Et ella los pres en grat.
Z 183* Symbolic names
E la clamava "Tort-n'avez",
T 2**. 8.0. * Cause of lover's dismissal
Lone temps estet cum ela en cort e si fo crezut qu'el agues joi d'amor d'ella; don ella'n fo blasmada per la gen d'aquella encontrada. E per temor del dit de la gen si'l det comjat e'l parti de se; ...
T 2^.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
...el s'en anet dolenz e pensius e consiros e marritz ...
T 2^.8.0.1. * Lover seeks advice regarding dismissal
...et el s'en anet ...a'N Rambaut d'Aurenga, ...
P U25.I. * Scribal text reference
...si cum dis el sirventes que fetz de lui:
P 1*27*7«7*2. * Poet sings his plea
Seingn*En Raimbautzt ..... •••••••••
Que saver voill, quant m'en partrai, S'es tals lo gaps com hom lo fai, E se n'es plus o meinz o mai, Quom aug dir ni comtar de vos.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
Lone temps estet ab En Rambautt et ...ab lo bon rei N'Anfos de Castela et ab lo bon rei N'Anfos d'Arago et ab lo bon comte Raimon de Toloza.
Z 1*72. * Travel
I 193 • ••ot estet en Espaingna ...
W Ur5 ,2 m * Honor bestowed on poet
Gran honor ac el mon tan com bl estet, •••
V b$2m + Religious order entered by poet
•••mas pots se rendet a l'orden de Granmon •••
Z ^73* * Death of poet
•••e lai el definet.
LXXVII Peire De Valeira
Z k?1. * Place of origin
Peire de Valeria si fo de Gascoingna •••
Z J*71«l« * Place of origin by reference
Peire de Valeria si fo de Gascoingna, de la terra de N ’Arnaut Guillem de Marsan,
P 191«1« * Social status
Peire de Valeria .••Joglars fo ...
A 14>85*1* * Dating by reference
Joglars fo el temps et en la sason que fo Marcabrus •••
A 1 * Literary criticism
•••e fez vers tals com horn fazia adoncs, de paubra valor, de foillas e de flors, e de cans e de ausels, Sei cantar non aguen gran valor •••
M 57*1* * Poet judged by fellow man
Sei cantar non aguen gran valor, ni el*
LXXVXIX Peire Vidal A. - Vida
Z ^71* * Place of origin
Peire Vidals si fo de Tolosa,
Z U’iH . * Parentage 194
Fils fo d'un pelicer.
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
E cantava meilz c'ome del mon.
U 272. * Madness
B fo dels plus fols omes que mais fossen; qu'el crezia que tot fos vers so que a lui plazia ni qu*el volia.
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
E plus leu li avenia trobars que a nuil home del mon, e fo aquels que plus rics sons fetz e majors fulias dis d'armas e d ’amor e de mal dir d'autrui.
Q, 451.4, Tongue cut off as punishment
E fo vers c'us cavaliers de San Zili li tailla la lenga, per so qu'el donava ad entendre qu'el era drutz de sa muiller.
V 442.1. * Injured healed
E*N Us del Baus si'l fetz garir e medegar.
Z 472. * Travel
E quant fo garritz, el s'en anet outra mar.
T 101. * Poet marries
De lai el amenet una Grega, que'il fo donada a muiller en Cypry.
Z 41*1.1. * Parentage - indirect
E ill fo dat a entendre qu'ela era neza del emperador de Costantinopoli, ...
P 17.15. * Poet's claim to succession to the throne
E'ill fo dat a entendre qu'ela era neza del emperador de Costantinopoli, o qu'el per lei devia aver 1*emperi per rason. Don el mes tot quant poc gazaingnar a far navili, qu'el crezia anar l'emperi conquistar. E'n portava armas emperials e fasia se clamar emperaire e la muiller emparariz
A 1577* Origin of personal names 1.95 S'ill fo dat a entendre •••qu'el per lei devia aver l'em- peri per rason. ...e fasia se clamar emperaire e la muillier emparariz.
T 27• Unusual success in love
E si entendia en totas las bonas dompnas que vezia e totas las pregava d'amor; e totas li dizion de far e de dir se qu'el volgues* Don el crezia esser drutz de totas e que chascuna moris per el. •••crezia estre e'l plus amatz de donnas*
P 191»1* * Social status
E totas vetz menava rics destriers e portava ricas annas e cadreilla emperial, E'l meiller cavaillier del mon crezia estre •••
W ll6# Vanity
E'l meiller cavaillier del mon crezia estre •••
LXXVIII Peire Vidal B, - Razo, a) Version
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
De Poire Vidal vos ai dich qi fo ni de cal maineira, el comensamens de sas cansos.
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
E si vos voill aras dire q*el •••
T 29«3, * Poet falls in love
•••el s'enamoret de una dompna, Alasais de Rocamartina, •••
P 210, Husband and wife
•••Alasais de Rocamartina, q1era moilliers d'En Baraill, seignor de Marseille, ...
Z 183. Symbolic names
•••con lo qal s'apelava Peire Vidals "Rainier",
P 218• * Husband and wife welcome poet
En Barails li volia meils q'a home del mon, e plus si plaisia de sas cansos e de sas folias; e s'alegrava de l'entendimen de sa moillier, qe tot o tenia a solatz. B 196 ma dompna Alasais o tenia a solatz e soffria lo prec e 1*entendimen per las bonas cansons q'el fasia d'ela e per lo solatz q'en trasia d'el.
P 601• ♦ Custom of literary patronage
Et estava com lui en cortf e'l vestia com si e l'armava.
T 29.3.3.2. * Poet enters boudoir after husband leaves
and embraces sleeping lady
• ••el saup q'En Barals s'era levatz et eisitz de sua carabra; e la dompna era remansuda dormen en son leit* El s'en venc ins en la canbra on ella dormiva, e venc al leit e pres la entre sos braz e baisa la e la embrassa.
T 29.3.3.2.1. * Lady complains to husband of poet's
intrusion
Et ella s'eveillet e vi Peire Vidal, e comensa a cridar. E venien dompnas e donselas, et el s'en comenset a fugir et ad annar* E la dompna manda per En Barail, son marit, e comensa li a dire com lo fols Peire Vidals la avia basaida e q'ela lo volia far destruire de la persona*
T 29.3.3.2.0. * Husband excuses poet's transgression
En Barails la comensa a castiar et a dire q'ela no s'i devia a mal tener, q'el era uns fols.
R 227.5. * Poet flees to escape threats of violence
E Peire Vidals si aic paor e si s'en anet de la terra, E ma dompna Alasais si se penet ben de mal faire ad el, si ella l'agues pogut far trobar. E per la paor en q'el fo mes, si s'en paset outra mar, ...
Z L72 . * Travel
E Peire Vidals ...si s'en anet de la terra. ...si s'en paset outra mar, •••
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...si com el dis:
R 227*5» * Poet flees to escape threats of violence
Assatz par qe loingnar Me vol del sei reion, Qan passar me fetz mar, Per qe la ochaison.
A 1464.4, * Literary criticism
•••e fetz mantas bonas cansons, •••
T 29.3,2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
...e fetz mantas bonas cansons, recordan lo baisar q 1 avia emblat a sua dompna, ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
•••si com el dis:
T 29.12. * Lover steals a kiss
Plus honratz fora c'om natz, Si'l bais emblatz me fos datz
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et en autre loc dis:
P 1*25.1.* Scribal text reference
Et en autre loc dis:
T 29.12.1. * Tbeft of kiss punished by Love
Qe'm bat Amors ab las vergas q'eu cuoill, Car una vetz, dins son reial capduoill, L 1enblei un bais don tan fort mi sove.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et en autre loc dis:
P 1*25.1. * Scribal text reference
Et en autre loc dis:
T 29.12.1. * Theft of kiss punished by Love
C'anc non aic guierdon, Mas un petit cordon. 198
Intrei dins sa raaison, £'111 baisiei a lairon La bocha e'l menton.
T 29.12.2. * Lady forgives stolen kiss
•••ela mandet per el e'il mandet letras e saluz, sas iras perdonadas, e q'el deges venir e tornar en Proensa.
T 51, Wooing by emissary
£ qant viron li baron de Proensa, Baralz e N'Uc del Bauz, si feiron tans precs a la dompna •••
Z 472. * Travel
Et el se mes en la nau e venc s'en en Proensa, •••
P 218. * Husband and wife welcome poet
En Barals, si tost qant el saup qe Peire Vidals era al Bauz, ol montet a caval et anet per lui et amenet lo a Harseilla. £ ma dompna Alasais lo recoup con gran legressa ...
T 29.12.3. * Lady freely bestows previously stolen lciss
E ma dompna Alasais lo recoup con gran legressa e li autrejet lo baisar, ...
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
...si com el dis:
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
•••si com el dis:
T 29.12.Jj>. * Poet wins grant of formerly stolen kiss
Et eu ab lone esperar Ai conqist ab gran douzor Lo bais qe forsa d'amor A mi dons mi fetz emblar, C'aras lo'ra deigng*autrejar.
LXXVTII Peire Vidal B. - Razo, b) Version
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
Peire Vidal - si com vos ai dig - ... T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Peire Vidal •••s'entendia en totas las bonas donas •••
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
••.s'entendia en totas las bonas donas e crezia que totas li volguesson be per amor.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
E si s'entendia en ma dona N'Alazais, qu'era moiller d'En Barral, lo senhor de Marceilla, ...
P 50.5.0.1. * Nobleman appreciates poet's work
•••En Barral, ...voli~ meils a Peire Vidal c'az ome del mon, per lo ric trobar e per las ricas folias que Peire Vidal dizia e fazia; ...
Z 183. Symbolic names
...e clamavon se abdui "Rainier”•
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
E Peire Vidal si era privatz de cort e de cambra d' En Barral, plus c'ome del mon.
T 29.3.0.2. * Poet's attentions taken lightly
En Barrals si sabia be que Peire Vidals se entendia en la moiller, e tenia lo'i a solatz e tuit aquill c'o sabion. E si s'alegrava de las folias qu'el fazia ni dizia, e la dona ho prendia en solatz, si com fazion totas las autras donas en que Peire Vidal s'entendia; e cascuna li dizia plazer e'ill prometia tot so qu'ill plagues e qu'el demandava; ...
P ^27.7.2^.2. * Poet is gullible
...et el era si savis que tot ho crezia.
T 5 1 . Wooing by emissary
E quan Peire Vidal se corrosava ab ela, En Barrals fazia ades la patz e'ill facia prometre tot so qu'el demandava.
T 29.12. * Lover steals a kiss
E quan venc un dia, Peire Vidal si saup qu'En Barrals s'era 200 levatz e que la dona era tota sola en la cambra. Peire Vidal Intra en la cambra e venc s'en al leit de ma dona N'Alazais e troba la dormen. Et agenoilla se devan ella e baiza 11 la boca.
T 29.12.0. * Theft of kiss resented
Et ella sentit 11 baizar e crezet qu'el fos En Barrals, sos maritz, e rizen ela se levet. E garda e vit qu'el era'l fol de Peire Vidal; e comenset a cridar e a far gran rumor*
T 29.12.0.1. * Poet discovered stealing kiss, flees
E garda e vit qu'el era'l fol de Peire Vidal; e comenset a cridar e a far gran rumor. E vengron las donzelas de lains, quant ho auziron, e demandaron: "Quez es aiso?" E Peire Vidal s'en issit fugen.
T 29.3.3.2.1. * Lady complains to husband of poet's
intrusion
E la dona mandet per En Barral e fes li gran reclam de Peire Vidal, que l'avia baizada. E ploran l'en preguet qu'el en degues ades penre venjansa.
T 29.3.3.2.0. * Husband excuses poet's transgression
Et En Barrals, si com valens horn et adregz, si pres lo fait a solatz e comenset a rire et a repenre la moiller, quar ela avia faita rumor d'aiso que'l fols avia fait.
T 29.3«3.2.2. * Lady refuses to be pacified
Mas el non la'n poc castiar qu'ela non mezes en gran rumor lo fait, e sorcan et enqueren lo mal de Peire Vidal; e grans menasas fazia de lui.
R 227.5* * Poet flees to escape threats of violence
Peire Vidal, per paor d'aquest fait, montet en una nau et anet s'en en Genoa; ...Quo'ill fo mes en paor que ma dona N'Alazais li volia far tolre la persona.
Z Jl-72 . * Travel
...et anet s'en en Genoa; e lai estet tro que pueis passet outra mar ab lo rei Richart.
T 29.3*2. * Poet composes poems about his lady 201
Lai estet longa sazo e lal fes maintas bonas chansos, recordan del balzar qu'el avia emblat.
A 1 4 6 4 . 4 . * Literary criticism
•••e lai fes maintas bonas chansos, •••
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E dis - en una chanso que dis AJostar e lasar - que de leis non avi'agut negun guizardo, ...
T 29.12.1. * Theft of kiss punished by Love
E dis ...quo de leis non avi'agut negun guizardo,
Has un petit cordo.
E'ill baizei a lairo La boca e'l mento•
P 425*5. * Scribo identifies source
Et en autre luec el dis:
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
Et en autre luec el dis:
T 29.12.5. * Stolen kiss regretted
Plus onratz fora c'om natz, Si'l bais emblatz me for datz E gen aquitatz.
P 425*5* * Scribe identifies source
Et en autre chanso el dis:
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et en autre chanso el dis:
T 29.12.1. * Theft of kiss punished by Love
Be'm bat Amors ab las verguas qu'ieu cueill, Car una vetz, on son reial cabdueill, L'emblei un bais don tan fort mi sove.
R 227.5. * Poet flees to escape threats of violence 202
Aisi estet longua sazo outra mar, que non auzava venir ni tornar en Proensa,
P 4*25,1. ♦ Scribal text reference
•••que li volia aitan de be com vos aves auzit, •••
T 51* Wooing by emissary
£n Barrals, que li volia aitan de be com vos aves auzit, si preguet tan sa moiller qu'ela li perdonet •••
T 29.12,2, * Lady forgives stolen kiss
•••ela li perdonet lo furt del baizar •••
T 29.12.3. * Lady freely grants previously stolen kiss
•••ela li perdonet lo furt del baizar e lo'i autreget en do.
P 213, * Husband and wife welcome poet
Bn Barral si mandet per Peire Vidal, e si’ll fes mandar grassia e bona volontat a sa moiller. Et el venc ab gran alegreza a Marceilla, et ab gran alegreza fo re- seubutz per Bn Barral e per ma dona N'Alazais.
T 29.12,3. * Lady freely grants previously stolen kiss
Et autreget li lo baizar en do qu'el li avia emblat.
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
Don Peire Vidal fes aquesta chanso que ditz:
P 4*25.1. * Scribal text reference
•••la qual vos auziretz.
LXXVIII Peire Vidal C. - Razo
P. 601al«l« * Patron's death saddens poet
Peire Vidal per la mort del bon comte Raimon de Toloza si se marri molt e det se gran tristeza*
P 681. Mourning customs
B vestit se de negre, e taillet las coas e las aureillas a totz los sieus cavals, et a si et a totz los sieus servidors fos raire los cabells de la testa; mas las barbas ni las onglas non se feiron taillar. Molt anet longua sazo a lei de fol home e de dolen*
A l485«l» * Dating by reference
St avenc se, en aquela sazo qu'el anava anaisi dolens, •••
Z 1*72. * Travel
•••'l reis N'Anfos d'Arago venc en Proensa* E vengron ab lui Blascols Romieus ...e'N Raimons de Caveira*
P **27*7.11.2. * Friends try to reconcile poet to poetry
E trobero Peire Vidal anaisi trist e dolen et anaisi apareillat a lei d'ome dolen e de fol* E lo reis lo comenset e pregar. e tug li autre sei baro qu'eron sei amic espesial, qu el degues laisar aquesta dolor e de- gues se alegrar e degues cantar, e qu'el degues far una canso, qu'ill portesson en Arago.
P iJ*27*7»ll«3» * Poet resumes poetry
Tan lo preguet lo reis e'ill sei baro qu'el dis qu'el s'alegraria e laisaria lo dol qu'el fazia, e qu’el faria canso e so que'ill plagues.
T 29*3* * Poet falls in love
Et el si amava la Loba de Pueinautier e ma dona Estefania,
Z **71 • * Place of origin
*.*ma dona Estefania, qu1era de Sardenha.
T 29»3* * Poet falls in love
Et aras de novel era enamoratz de ma dona Raimbauda de Biol, *••
P 210. Husband and wife
•••Raimbauda de Biol, qu1era moiller d'En Guilem Rostanh ••
Z **72.**, * Location by reference
Bioils si es on Proensa, en la montanha quo part Lombardia e Proensa. 20U-
Z 4 71. * Place of origin
La Loba si era de Carcases, •••
A 1577*1* * Origin of symbolic names
••.Peire Vidal si se fazia apelar Lop per ela e portava armas de lop.
Z 183*2. * Symbolic name acted by bearer
Et on la montanha de Cabaretz si se fes cassar als pastors ab los mastis et ab los lebrers, si com horn fai lop. E vesti una pel de lop per donar az entendre als pastors et als cans qu'el fos lop.
P 427*7*0.^. * Poet thought to bo dead
E li pastor ab lur cans lo casseron e'l barateron si en tal guiza qu'el en fo portatz per mort a l'alberc do la Loba de Pueinautier.
T 29*3*2.1. * Lady gladly accepts poet's efforts
Quant ela saup que aquest era Peire Vidal, ela comenset a far gran alegreza de la folia que Peire Vidals avia faita et a rire molt, e'l marit de leis autressi.
P iJ'27*7»7*3*2. * Poet wounded, recovers
...e'l maritz lo fes penre e fes lo metre en luec rescos, al meils qu'el saup ni poc. E fes mandar pel metge e fes lo metgar, entro tant qu'el fo gueritz.
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
E si com ieu vos ai comensat a dire de Peire Vidal ...
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...quan fo gueritz, lo reis fes far armas a si et a lui, e vestit se e Peire Vidal, et agenset se molt fort.
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
E fes adonx aquesta chanso - la cal vos auziretz - que d i t z :
LXXIX Peirol
P 191*1* * Social status 205
Foirols si fo uns paubres cavalliers •••
Z L71. * Place of origin
Feirols si fo ••.d'Alverne, d'un castel que a nom Peirols • • •
Z if71*l« * Place of origin by reference
Feirols si fo ...d'un castel •••qu'es en la encontrada del Dalfin, al pe de Rocafort.
\'I 0,1. * Favorable qualities
E fo cortes horn et avinonz de la persona*
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
E'l Dalfins d'Alvorne si'l tenia ab so e'l vestia e'ill daya cavals et armas.
P 250. Brothers and sisters
E'l Dalfins si avia una serror que avia nom Sail de Claustra ...
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...una serror ...Sail de Claustra ...bella e bona e molt presada ...
P 210. Husband and wife
...Sail de Claustra •••ora moiller d'En Beraut de IIercuort d'un gran baron d'Alvorne.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
En Peirols si l'amava per amor ...
T 51* Wooing by emissary
•••e'l Dalfins si la pregava per lui ...
T 29.3*2* * Poet composes poems about his lady
...e s'alograva molt do las cansos que Peirols fasia de la seror •••
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated 206
•••la domna li volea ben e'ill fazia plazer d'amor •••
P 250.2.0. * Brothers and sisters confidants
...la domna li volia ben e'ill fazia plazer d'amor a saubuda del Dalfin.
P 250.3* * Brother judges sister's actions
E 1'amors de la dompna e de Peirol monta tan que'l Dal fins s'engellosi d'ella, car crezet qu'ella li fezes plus que convengues ad ella ...
P 601.2. * Patron abandons poet
•.•el Dalfins ...parti Peirol de si e'l loniet, e no'l vesti ni l'armot ...
P 191.2. * Social status changes
...don Peirols no se poc nantonor per cavallier e venc joglars ...
Z ^72. * Travel
...venc joglars, et anet per cortz ...
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...e receup dels barons e draps e deniors e cavals.
LXXX Perdigo A. - Premiere partie
P 191.1. * Social status
Perdigons si fo joglars ...
A 1^6^.^. * Literary criticism
Perdigons si ...saup trop ben violar e trobar.
Z hjl* * Place of origin
Perdigons ...fo de l'evesquat de Javaudan, d'un borget que a nom Lesperon.
Z if’if-l. * Parentage
E fo fils d ’un paubre home que era pescairo.
"d ^5*2. * Honor bestoxired on poet 207
E per so sen e per son trobar montet en gran pretz et en gran honor •••
P 191*2, * Social status changes
•••el Dalfins d'Alverne lo tenc per son cavallier •••
P 601, * Custom of literary patronage
•••el Dalfins d'Alverne lo tenc per son cavallier e'l vesti e l'arma ab si lone temps, e'ill det terra et renda.
U-5.2. * Honor bestowed on poet
E tuit li prince o'ill gran baron li fasian fort gran honor.
N 203. Lucky person
E de grans bonas vonturas ac lone temps.
LKXX Perdigo 3. - Version (a)
IT 131 • 3*2. * Death brings bad luck
Has molt se canja lo seus affars; que mortz li tolc las bonas aventuras e det li las malas: qu'el perdet los aniics e las anigas e'l pretz e l'honor e l'aver.
V U-52, * Religious order entered by poet
Et enaissi se rendet e l'ordre do Sistels •••
Z ^73* * Death of poet
Et enaissi se rendet e l'ordre de Sistels; e lai il muric.
LXXX Perdigo B. - Version (b)
\i it5,2, * Honor bestowed on poet
Et estan en aquella honor et en aquel pretz •••
Z ^72. * Travel
•••el anet ...a Roma, sercan lo mal del cornte de Toloza et per azordenar la crozada*
P 91.1. * Royalty and nobility admit poet to
their company 208
•••el anet ab lo primse d'Aurenga, En Guilem dels Baus, et ab En Folquet do Marceilla, ovesque do Toloza, et ab l 1abas de Sistel •••
P ^27.7.7.3.0, * Poet helps organize crusade
...el anet ...a Roma, sercan lo mal del cornto de Toloza et per azordenar la crozada.
V 358* * Religious crusade fought
Per quo fon dezeretatz lo bos corns Raimons de Toloza, e sos nops, lo corns de Bezers, e mortz Tolzan o Caersin o Boderos, et Albuges fon destruitz, e mortz lo reis Peire d ’Arago ab mil cavaliers davan Nurel, e .XX. rnilia d ’au- tres homes en foron mortz.
P 12.15. * Xing dies in battle
...e mortz lo reis Peire d ’Arago ab mil cavaliers davan Ilurol ...
P ^27.7.7.2.1. * Poet sings exhortation to crusade
A totz aquetz faitz far ot azordenar fon Perdigos, e’n fes prezicansa en cantan; per quo las gens so crozeron • • •
P 601.1.0. * Patron dies in battle and poet rejoices
...e fes lauzor a Dieu quar li Franses avion desconfit 10 rei d ’Arago e mort, lo cals lo vestia ab se.
I! 57»1» * Poet judged by fellow man
...e l ’agr'en enequitat tug li valen home que reraazeron viu, quo no11 volgron vezer ni auzir.
11 138. * Poet’s luck changes
Per qu’el docazec do pretz o d'onor e d'aver ...
P 310.6.1. * Friends killed in war
E tug li baro do la soa anistat foron mort per la guerra...
P 50*7* * Nobleman recovers lands
...e lo corns Raimons ac recobrada la terra.
Z ^72.2. * Travel restricted 209
Perdigons non auzet anar ni venir •••
P 601.3• * Patron talcos back gifts
...e'l Dalfins d'Alvernhe li ac touta la terra e la renda q u ’el l ’avia dada.
P 265. Son-in-lavj
El s’en anet a Lonbert del Bonteill, qu'era genre d ’En G-uilou dels Baus • • •
V L52.O. * Help asked to secure entry into religious
order
SI s'en anet a Lonbert dol llonteill, qu'era genre d'En Guilem dels Baus, o proguet lo que’l fezes rondro en una maizo do l'orde do Sistol, quez a non Silvabela.
Y L5 2 . * Religious order onterod by poet
Et el lo fes recebre en una norguia per morgue ...
Z L73. * Death of poet
Et ol lo fes recebre en una norguia per morgue; e lai el definet,
Z 10.3« Transition formulas
Et aqui son escriutas de las soas chansos.
LXXXI Pistoleta
P 191«1» * Social status
Pistoleta si fo cantaire de N'Arnaut de Haruoill ...
Z k71. * Place of origin
Pistoleta si fo de Proonssa.
P 191*2. * Social status changes
Pistolota fo cantaire ...E pois venc trobairo ...
A 1 * Literary criticism
Pistoleta ...venc trobairo e fez cansos com avinens sons ... 210
17 ty-5*2, * Honor bestowed, on poet
•••e fo ben grazitz ontre la bona gon ...
17 100,1, * Unfavorable qualities
...mais hon fo do pauc solatz e de paubra enduta e de pauc vaillimen.
T 101, * Poet marries
Pistoleta ,,,tolc moiller a Harseilla ...
P 191•2, * Social status changes
Pistoleta ,.,foz se nercadior, e venc rics ,,,
P •■{'27.7,11. * Poet abandons poetry
E tolc noiller a Harseilla, e fez so mercadier, e venc rics o laissot d1anar per cortz.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E fez aquestas cansos.
LXXXII Pons Do Capdoill A. - Vida
Z * Place of origin by reference
Ponz de Capduoill si fo d'aquel evesquat don fo Guillems de Saint Leidier.
P 191»1. * Social status
Hies hom fo e molt gentils bars ...
A l^ij'.ij'. * Literary criticism
...e sabia bon trobar e violar e cantar.
17 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Eons cavalliers fo d*armas e gen parlanz e gen domnejanz e grans e bols o ben onsoingnatz, e fort escars d’aver; mas si s'en cobria ab gen acuiller et ab far honor de sa persona.
T 29«3« * Poet falls in love
Et amet per amor ma domna N'Alazais de I-Iercuor, moiller 211 do N'Oisil do Ilorcuor •••
Z ^1, * Parentage
.. ,rl'Azalais de Ilorcuor ...fo filla d 1 En Bernart d'An- dusa, d'un onrat baron •••
Z * Place of origin
...N'Azalais do Ilorcuor •••fo filla d'En Bernart d'An- dusa ...qu'era do la marqua do Proensa.
T 2 9 *5 * * Lovor faithful
Holt la amava o la lausava o fetz ...cansos d'ella. E tant quant ella visquet non amot autra ...
A lk-Sk-iU’, * Literary criticism
...o fetz maintas bonas cansos d'ella.
Z if-72. * Travel
...e quant ella fo morta, cl se croset et ana outra mar ...
Z Jj-73. * Death of poot
...el so croset et ana outra mar, e lai mori.
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
Et aqui son escriptas de las soas cansos gran re.
LXXXII Pons De Capdoill 3. - Razo
T 2 9 .3. * Poet falls in love
Pons de Cabdueill anet, ...ma dona N'Alazais do llercuor, moiller d'un gran comto ...
P J*25.1. * Scribal text reference
...si com avetz auzit denan, ...
P 210. Husband and wife
...ma dona N'Alazais do Ilercuer, moiller d'un gran comte d 'AIvernhe, ...
2 LLl. * Parentage 212
. ..e fo filla d'En Bernart d'Anduza, •••
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
•••e fo molt amatz per ela,
T 9*6, * Love celebrated
E molt fo lur amors grazida per totas las bonas gens, e maintas belas cortz e maintas belas jostas e maint bel solatz en foron fait e maintas belas chansos.
H 1556.^, Fidelity in love tested
Et el, ostan en aquel honor com ela et en aquest1alegreza, ac volontat, si com fols amicx que non sap ni pot sufrir gran benanansa, de proar s'ella li volia be, qu'el no crezia a sos hueils ni als plazers plazons ni a las onra- das honors qu'ela li fazia ni'll dizia, E si acordava en son fol cor qu'el fezes senblan qu'el s'entendes en autra dona, ...
P 210. Husband and -wife
• , .N'Audiartz, qu'era moiller del senher de Harceilla,...
II 1556,if-. Fidelity in love tested
E si fes aquest ponsamen, quo si a sa dona pozava s'il se lonhava d* ela, adonrc podia saber qu'ela li volia ben; e si a leis plazia, ora ben conort qu'ola no l'amava. Et el, com fols que no's recre tro qu'a pres lo dan, comensa si a lonhar dc ma dona N'Alazais et a trairo se a ma dona N'Audiartz et a dire ben d'ela.
Z 10.3• Transition formulas
E dis d'ela:
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
Non vueill aver l'emperi d'Alamanha, Si N'Audiartz non vezion moi hueill;
T 71.1f. * Scorned woman ignores unfaithful suitor
Ha dona N'Alazais, quan vit que Pons de Cabdueill, qu'ela avia tant amat et onrat, s'era lonhatz d' ela et era s atraitz a ma dona N'Audiartz, ela n'ac fort gran desdenh si quoz anc non fo persona a qui ela paries de lui ni'n 213 deniandes; e qui l'en parlet, ela no'ill respondet. Ab gran cort ot ab gran dompnei ela vivia,
Z i+72. * Travel
Pons de Cabdueill anet dompnejan per Proensa longa sazo • ••
T 9^»1» * Repentant lover begs forgiveness
•••ot el si pensot que mal avia fait; ...e comensa se a partir do la fola proazo que avia faita, e manda sos mesatges e sas letras az ela; •••Et el comensa esser tritz e dolens e mandet letras o cotblas humils ab grans precx az ela, que degues sofrir qui li vengues denan razonar la soa razo o preguar e claraar morco; qu'ela degues penre venjansa de lui, si el avia faita ofonsio ves ela;
T 99»3»1« * Lady unwilling to forgive
•••mas ella no vole escoutar ni auzir. ...mas no'ill vole escoutar ni merce ni razo; •••
Z 10.3« Transition formulas
•••don el fes aquesta chanso que ditz:
? 99«3»1* * Lady unwilling to forgive
St aquesta chanso no'ill vale nien ab la dona, ...
2 10.3. Transition formulas
•••e si'n fes un'autra que ditz;
T 99.3,2, * Lady refuses to believe test and to
forgive
Ni aquesta no'ill vale re eisanen, que ma dona N'Alazais lo volgues tornar en grassia ni volgues creire qu'el se fos lonhatz do leis per proar si ela en seria alegra ho no, si el se partis d'ela,
T 51, \Iooing by emissary
Don el anet a ma dona Haria de Ventadorn et a ma dona la comtessa de llonferran et a la vescomtessa d'Albusso, e si las anenet a Mercuer a ma dona N'Alazais clamar merce, qu'ela li rendes grassia. 21^
T 51«^« * Emissary succeeds
Et ella o fetz per amor de las dompnas.
T 29.9.2. * Poet rejoices over reconciliation
En Pons de Cabdueill fo plus alegres que hom del mon, e dis que ja mais non se fonheria plus per proar sa dona.
T 29.9.3. * Reconciled lover promises reform
...e dis que ja mais non se fenheria plus per proar sa dona.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aqui son escriutas do sas chansos d 1aquesta razon, si com vos auziretz.
LXXXIII Raimbaut D'Aurenga
P 191.1. * Social status
Roembauz d'Aurenga si fo lo seingner d'Aurenga e de Corteson e do gran ren d'autrez castols.
7/ 0.1. * Favorable qualities
E fo adroich ot esoingnaz, e bons cavalliers d 1armas, o gens parlans. Et rnout se doleitot en donnas onradas et en donnei onrat.
A 1 ^ 6 ^ . ^ . * Literary criticism
E fo bons trobaires de vers e de chansons; mas mout s'entendeit en far caras riraas e clausas.
T 29*3. * Poet falls in love
Et amet longa sason una domna do Proensa, que avia nom ma domna llaria do Vertfuoil; ...
Z 183. Symbolic names
...et appellava la "son Joglar" en sas chiansos.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Longamen la amet et ella lui.
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady £ fez maintas bonas chansos d'ella e mainz autres bons faics.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Et el s'ennamoret puis de 11a bona contessa d'Urgel, que fo Lonbarda, ...
Z if>if>l. * Parentage
•••11a bona contessa d'Urgel, que fo •••filla del marques de Qusca*
W 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Mout fon onrada e presada sobre totas las pros domnas d'Urgel; •••
T 11,1, Love from mere mention or description
•••et Rambauz, senes veser leis, por lo gran ben que n'au- sia dire si s'enamorot d'ella •••
T 29.1.1* * Love reciprocated
•••si s'enamorot d'ella et ella de llui.
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
E si fez puois sas chansos d'ella; •••
T 51, Wooing by emissary
•••e si'l manda sas chansos per un joglar que avia nom Rosignol, •••
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
•••si con dis en una chanson:
Amies Rossignol,
Ab una leu chanzoneta Qe'ra portaras a jornau A la contessa valen,
T 11.1, Love from mere mention or description
Lone temps entendet en aqesta comtessa e 11a amet senes veser, et anc non ac lo destre que 11a anes veser. 216
P ^25*5.1. * Scribe offers himself as source
Don ieu ausi dir ad ella, •••
V ^52.3* * Lady enters religious order
•••ella, qu'era ja morgua, ...
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
•••c'el fos venguz, ella l'auria fait plaser d*aitan, qe'il agra sufert q'el com la ma reversa l'agues tocada la camba nuda.
Z if-73. * Death of poet
Aisi leis aman, Rambautz mori •••
P 233.1^» * Birthright passes to daughters due to
lack of son
•••Rambautz mori senes fillol mascle, e remas Aurenga a doas soas fillas.
P 210, Husband and wife
La una ac per moiller lo seigner d'Agout; ...
Z U’U’l, * Parentage
...de l'autra nasquot N'Uc del Bau$ et En Willems del Bauz; e are l'autra, Wilems d'Aurenga, que mori joves malamen, e Rambauz, •••
. V Jj-00. Charity
•••e Rambauz, lo cals det la meitat d'Aurenga a 1*Hospital.
LXXXIV Raimbaut De Vaqueiras A. - Vida a) Version
Z If'lfl. * Parentage
Raembautz de Vaqueiras si fo fillz d'un paubre cavaillier •••
Z ii-71* * Place of origin
Raembautz .•.si fo ...de Proensa, del castel de Vaqueiras, que avia nom Peirors •••
W 100,1. * Unfavorable qualities •••fo fillz d'un paubre cavaillier ...que ...era tengutz per mat.
P 191*2. * Social status changes
Bn Raembautz si se fetz joglar ...
P 601, * Custom of literary patronage
•••et estet longua saison cum lo prince d'Aurenga, Guil lem del Baus.
A 14-64-.4-. * Literary criticism
Ben sabia chantar e far cobias e sirventes •••
W 4-5.2, * Honor bestowed on poet
•••e'l princes d'Aurenga li fetz ...fran honor •••
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
•••e'l princes d'Aurenga li fetz gran ben ...e l'ennanset e'l fetz conoisser e presiar a la bona gen,
Z 4-72. * Travel
E venc s'en en I'lonferat, a miser lo marques Bonifaci.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
£ venc s'en ...a miser lo marques Bonifaci. Et estet en sa cort lone temps •••£ crec si •••d'armas ••.
J 0. Acquisition of knowledge
E crec si de sen ...e de trobar.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Et enamoret se de la seror del marques •••
P 250. Brothers and sisters
•••la seror del marques, que avia nom ma dompna Biatritz .
P 210, Husband and wife
•••ma dompna Biatritz, que fo moiller d'Enric del Caret.
T 29.3*2, * Poet composes poems about his lady 2 1 8
£ trobava de llei ...
A lb6ktkt * Literary criticism
£ trobava de llei mantas bonas cansos.
Z 183* Symbolic names
Et apellava la on sas cansos "Bels Cavalliers"•
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
E fon crezut qu'ella li volgues gran ben per amor.
Z b72, * Travel
E quant lo marques passet en Romania, el lo mena ab se ...
P 191.2. * Social status changes
E quant lo marques passet en Romania, el lo mena ab se e fetz lo cavalier.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
E det li gran terra e gran renda el regisme de Salonic.
Z by3. * Death of poet
E det li gran terra ...el regisme de Salonic. E lai el mori.
LXXXIV Raimbaut De Vaqueiras A, - Vida, b) Version
Z ^71. * Place of origin
Rambautz de Vaqeras si fo d'un chastel c'avia nom Vacheras, • • •
Z 1*4*1. * Parentage
...e fu filli d'un paubre chavalier c'avia nom Peirols, ...
P 192. Madmen
...un paubre chavalier c'avia nom Peirols, q 1era tengut per mat,
P 191.1. * Social status
Rambautz de Vaqeras si fo ...filli d'un paubre chavalier ... 219
F 191*2. * Social status changes
Et Rambautz si fetz joglar, •••
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...et estet longa sason con lo prince d'Aurenga, c'avia nom En Guillelm de Baut.
A 1^6^,* Literary criticism
Ben sabia cantar et far cobias et serventes.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
E 11 prence d'Aurenga si li fetz gran ben et grant honor, e l'enenset e'l fetz conoistre et presiar a la bona gen.
Z U-72. * Travel
Et venc s'en a Monferrat, al marques Bonifacis.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
Et venc s'en ...al marques Bonifacis. Et stet lone temps con el, et crec si et d'armas et de trobar, q'el conoc en el, ...
P 191.2, * Social status changes
...si'l fetz cavalier et son compagnon d'armas et de vestimenz.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Don ell s'enamoret do la seror del marqes, qe avia nom na dompna Biatrix, ...
P 250. Brothers and sisters
...la seror del marqes, qe avia nom ma dompna Biatrix, ...
P 210. Husband and wife
...ma dompna Biatrix, qe fo molher d'Enric del Carret.
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
Et troba de lei mantas bonas chansos.
A 1^6^,4. * Literary criticism 220
Et troba de lei mantas bonas chansos.
Z 183. Symbolic names
Et apellava la "Bel Cavalier".
P ^2 7 .7 .25 . * Poet spies on his lady
...En Rambautz sogi aital aventura, qe pozia vezer ma dompna Biatrix qant el voliat sol q'ella fos en sa chambra, per un espiraill; don neguns no'n s'apercebia.
A 1577 *1. * Origin of symbolic names
St per aiso 1*apellava enaisi, ...ma dompna Biatrix ... dospoillet se son sobrecot et remas en gonnella. Et tollc la spaza et se la ceinz a lei de cavalier.
P ^ 2 7 .7 .2 5 . * Poet spies on his lady
Et En Ranbautz de Vaqeras vezia tot so qe vos ai dich per lo spiraill.
A 1577*1. * Origin of symbolic names
Don per aso l'apellet pois totas vez "Bel Cavalier" en sas chansos, ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...si com el dis en la premiera cobla d'aqesta chanson qe comenza aisi:
P ^25*5* * Scribe identifies source
...si com el dis en la premiera cobla d'aqesta chanson qe comenza aisi:
P Jj>27»7«26. * Poet sings his lady's praises
Mas beutat et jovenz, E11 gentilz cors plagenz E'ill gai ditz plasentier De mon Bel Cavalier
Z 183. Symbolic names
De mon Bel Cavalier 221
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
£ fo cresut q'ella 11 volgues ben per amor. Et alsl demoret longa salson col marqes, et ac gran bonaventura con el.
Z If72. * Travel
Qant 11 marqes passet en Romania, si se menet ab se En Ranbautz de Vaqeras.
T 24.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Ron ell n'ac grant trlstessa per l'amor de soa dompna, qe remanea de sal entra nos. Et volentler seria remas.
W 27.3. * Poet is grateful
Mas per lo gran ben q'ell volia al marqes del gran honor q'avia receubut da llui, no li ausa dir de no. Et aisi anet con el.
W 0,1. * Favorable qualities
Mas totas vetz s'esfor9et de valer d'armas et de guerra et de totz bons faitz de lausor. Et aquistet grant honor et gran manentia.
T 24.8. * Lovers suffer from separation
Mas per tot also non oblidava la soa trlstessa, ...
P 425.1. * Scribal text reference
...si com el dis en la qarta cobla d'aqesta chanson ...
P 425.5* * Scribe identifies source
...si com el dis ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...si com el dis en la qarta cobla d'aqesta chanson qe comenza:
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...e la cobla dis:
P 427.7.7.6, * Poet sings his sorrow 222
Done qe'ra val conqistz ni rocors?
Pois mos Bels Cavaliers grasitz Et jois m'el loniatz et fugitz;
P 427.7.27. * Poet pretends what he does not feel
Et enaisi vivia Ranbautz de Vaqeras con vos avez ausit, et moustrava plus bel semblan qe'l cor no li dava.
P 191*2. * Social status changes
Et si ac gran signoria qe'l marqes li avia dat en lo regisme de Salonic; ~*.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
Et si ac gran signoria qe'l marqes li avia dat en lo regisme de Salonic; ...
Z 473* * Death of poet
..•e la mori.
LXXXIV Raimbaut De Vaqueiras B. - Razo
P 425*1. * Scribal text reference
Ben aves entendut qui fo Raimbautz de Vaqueiras ni com venc az onor, ni per qui.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
.,.1 'ac fait cavalier lo bons marques de 2-Ionferrat, ...
T 29*3* * Poet falls in love
...Raimbautz si s'enamoret de ma dona Beatritz, ...
P 250. Brothers and sisters
...lo bons marques de Monferrat, ...ma dona Beatritz. sa seror ...
P 252. Sisters
...Beatritz, ...seror de ma dona N'Alazais de Salutz.
II 11.1.5* * Identification by reference 223
...Beatritz, sa seror e seror de ma dona N'Alazais ...
T 29.10. * Lover is timid
Molt l'amet e la deziret, gardan se qu'ill non saubes ni autre; ...
P **27.7.23. * Poet advances lady
...molt l'enanset son pretz e sa valor, e mains amicx li guazanhet e maintas amiguas de luenh e de pres.
W * Honor bestowed on poet
Et ella si'll fazia gran honor d'acuillamen.
T 29.10. * Lover is timid
Et el moria de dezirier e de temensa, qu'el no l'auzava preguar d'amor ni far semblan qu'el entendes en ella.
T 99*6. * Casuistry of love
Mas, com horn destreitz d'amor, ...dis com el amava una dona gentil ...e preguet la per Dieu e per Merce qu'ela li degues dar conseill, si'l diria son cor ni sa volontat ni la preguaria d'amor, ho si morria selan e temen et aman.
T 29.10.1. * Lady recognizes lover's timidity
••.ma dona Beatritz, ...era ben aperceubuda qu'el moria languen deziran per ella, ...
T 99«6.1. * Solution to problem of love casuistry
...vos a la dona que amas deiatz dire lo cor e la volontat que vos li aves, e que vol la deiatz preguar que vos re- tengua per servidor e per cavalier; ...
T 99»6.2. * Problem solution illustrated
Qu'ieu ve que ma dona N'Alazais, comtessa de Saluza, sofria Peire Vidal per entendedor; ...
T 69.6. * Love declared
En Raimbautz, ...si li dis qu'ela era eisa aquela qu'el amava ...
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated zzk
E ma dona Beatris si dis qu'el fos ben vengutz, e qu'el s'efforses de far ben e de dire e de valer, e qu'ela lo volia retener per cavalier e per servidor, e qu'el se degues esforsar.
P ^27.7*23. * Poet advances lady
■Bon Raimbautz s'esforset de dir e de far ben, e d'enansar ma dona Beatritz aitan can poc.
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
E fes adonx aquesta chanso que es escriuta aisi:
LXXXIV Raimbaut De Vaqueiras C. - Razo
T 35*6.3. * Lovers discovered at rendezvous
Et esdevenc se que la dona se colquet dormir ab el. E'l marques, quo tan l'amava, atrobet los dormen; ...
T 33.6.1. * Token of discovery left at scene
...e fo'n iratz; e, com horns savi, no'is vole tocar, mas pres son mantel e cubri los ne, e pros sel d'En Raymbaut, et anot s'en.
T 35.6.2. * Lover discovered in rendezvous seeks
and is granted forgiveness
...En Raymbaut ...anet s'en al marques dreg cami. ...© clamet li merce. ...E'l marques perdonet li ...
Z 472. * Travel
Apres esdevenc se que'l marques ab son poder passet en Romania ...
P 191.2. * Social status changes
Et adonc fo'n cavayers En Raymbaut per los bos fatz que fes.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
E lay ly donet gran terra e gran renda; ...
Z ^73. * Death of poet
...e lay nury. 225
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E per los fatz de sa sor fetz una canso, que trames a'N Peire Vidal, que dis
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aysi trobaros de sa obra.
LXXXIV Raimbaut De Vaqueiras D. - Razo
P ij-25.1. * Scribal text reference
Bon avetz auzit do Rambaut qi el fo ni don, ...
P 191.2. * Social status changes
...el fo fait cavalior del marqos de Ilonferrat, ...
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
...el s'entondia en ma dor.ipna Biatrix et vivia jausen per lo so amor.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aujatz com el ac un pauc de toraps gran tristessa.
V 197. * Gossip
Et aiso fon per la falsa jen envcjosa a cui nom plasia amors ni dopnois, qo dizion paraolas a ma dompna 3iatrix et oncontra las autras dompnas, ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...disen aisi:
197. * Gossip
"Qi. es aqost Rambautz de Vaqera, si tot lo marqes l 1 a fait cavalier? Et si va entendre en tan auta dompna con voz o ez1 Sapchatz qe no'n vos os onor, ni a vos ni al marqos".
T 2^.8.0. * Cause of lover’s dismissal
Et tan disseron mal, qe d ’una part qe d'autra ...qe ma dompna Biatrix s’en corecet contra Rambaut de Vaqera. •Qe qant Rambautz la pregava precs, anzi li dis q'el se degues entendre en autra dompna qe fos per ell, et als 226 non entondria ni auziria d'ella.
T 24.S. * Lovers suffer from separation
Et aqest'es la tristessa qe Rambautz ac un pauc de temps, • • •
P 425.1. * Scribal text reference
...si com eu dis al comenzamen d'aqesta rason.
P 425.8. * Scribal commentary
•••(si con fan las avols genz), ...
P 427.7.H* * Poet abandons poetry
Dont el se laisset de chantar et de rire et de toz autres faitz qe'l deguesson plager. Et aiso era gran danz.
V/ 197.1. * Gossip results
Et atot aqost ac per la lenga dais lausengiers, ...
P 425.1. * Scribal text reference
...si con el dis on una cobla de la stanpida qe vos ausir- etz.
Z 472. * Travel
En aqest temps vengeron dos joglars de Franza en la cort del marqes, ...
P 433.2. * Provenpal joglar evaluated
...vengeron dos joglars de Franza ...qe sabion ben violar.
T 24.3. * Lovers suffer from separation
Et un jorn violaven una stanpida qe plazia fort al marqes et als cavaliers et a las dompnas. Et En Rambautz no'n s'allegrava nien, si qe'l marqes s'en perceupet et dis: "...qe es aiso qe vos non chantatz ni'us allegraz, ..."
T 5 1 , V/ooing by emissary
E'l marqes saubia ben l'acaison et dis a sa seror: "l-Ia dompna Biatrix, per amor de ini ...vol qe vos deignatz pregar Rambaut q'el, ...se deges alegrar et chantar et star allegro si com fazia denan". 227
P ^27.7 .11.2. * Friends try to reconcile poet to poetry
E'l marqes ...dis a sa serorJ "...vol qo vos deignatz pregar Rambaut q'el, ...so deges alograr et chantar et star alogre, si com el fazia denan".
P J;27.7.11.2. * Friends try to reconcile poet to poetry
Et ma dompna Biatrix fu tan cortesa et de bona merce q'ella lo pregot e'l confortet q'el se deges, per lo so amor, rallograr et q 1el feses do nou una chanson.
Z 10.3« Transition formulas
Dont Rambautz, per aqesta raison qe vos avez ausit, fetz la stampida, et dis aisi:
T 29.9.1. * Poet sings of reconciliation
Kalenda maia Ni foil de faia Hi cant d'ausell ni flor de glaia Non ere qe'm plaia, Pro dompna gaia, Tro c'un isnel messagier n'aia Del vostro bel cors, qe'm rotraia
A 1^6^.^. * Literary criticism
Aqesta stampida fu facta a las notas do la stampida qe'l joglars fasion en las violas.
LXXXV Raimon De Durfort E Turc llalec
P 191.1* * Social status
Raimons de Durfort e'N Turc llalec si foron dui cavallier ...
Z Jj-71. * Place of origin
Raimons de Durfort e'N Turc llalec si foron ...de Caersi ...
J 1115.12. * Clever nobleman composes poetry
...si foron dui cavallier ...que foiren los sirventes de la domna que ac nom ma domna N'Aia ...
H 11.1.5* * Identification by reference
...la domna quo ac nom ma domna N'Aia, aquella que dis al 228 cavallier de Cornil qu'ella no l'amaria si el no la cornava el cul.
H 359.3. * Suitor test: obscene tasl: imposed
, ,.ma domna N'Aia ...dis al cavallier de Cornil qu'ella no l'amaria si ol no la cornava el cul.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Et aqui son escritz los sirventes.
LXXXVT Raimon Jordan, Vescoms De Saint Antoni
A. - Version
P 191.1. * Social status
Raymun Jorda fo vescoms de Sant Antoni, senher d'un bore qu'es en Caersi ...
0.1. * Favorable qualities
Raymun Jorda fo ...avinens o lares e bos d'armas ...
J 0. Possession of knowledge
Raymun Jorda ..,saup trobar e ben entendre.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocatod
Et amot ...la dona ...e la dona ...volia mays de be al voscomto que a res del mon, et ol ad ela.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Et amot la molher d ’En R. Amielli de Pona d'Albeges, qu'era onratz bars ...
\I 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...e la dona era bela e jovos e ensenhada ...
P ^27.7 .7 .3 .1 . * Poet wounded in battle, thought dead
Et avenc se que'l vescoms fon en guerra ab sos enemix e fon nafratz on una batalha e fon portatz a Sant Antoni per rnort.
T 89.^.1. * Lady believes lover dead 229
E la novela vonc a la dona aytal que mort era •••
V J*52.3» * Lady enters religious order
••.don ola ac tal dolor que s'en rendec als Patarics.
P ^27.7.7.3.2. * Poet wounded, recovers
Lo vescoms gueri de sa nafra ...
P it27,7.11. * Poot abandons poetry
. ..e can saup que la dona s'era ronduda, ac tal dol que pueys no fe vers ni canso.
Z 10,3, Transition formulas
Et aysi a de sa obra.
LXXXVT Raimon Jordan, Vescoms De Saint Antoni
B. - Version
Z 471. * Place of origin
Lo vescoms de Saint Antoni si fo de l'evesquat de Caortz ...
P 191.1* * Social status
Lo vescoms de Saint Antoni si fo ...seingner e vescoms de Saint Antoni. et avia nom Rainonz Jordans.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Et amava una gentil domna qu'era moiller dol seingnor de Pena d'Albeges, d'un ric castel e fort. ...La domna era apellada la vescomtesa do Pena.
J 0 .1 . * Favorable qualities
La domna si era gentils e bella o vallenz e mot presiada e mot honrada, ...
...et el mout valenz et enseingnatz e bons d'armas et avinenz e bons trobairo, ...
A ik’Sk.k, * Literary criticism
...et ol ...bons trobairo, et avia nom Raimonz Jordans.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated 230
L'amors de lor dos si fo ses tota mosura, tant se volgren de ben l 1us a l 1autre.
P iJ-27.7«7«3»2. * Poet wounded, recovers
Et avonc que'l vescoms anet ...en una encontrada dels seus enemies; e si en fo una granz batailla, e’l ves coms si fo nafratz a mort. ...E si com Dieus vole, lo vescoms meilluret e gari de la nafra.
V ^52.3. * Lady enters religious order
...e la novella venc a la donna qu'el era mortz; et ela, do la tristesa e de la dolor gran qu1ella ac de la novella, si s'en anet ades e si se rendet en l'orden dels ereges.
P ^27.7*11* * Poet abandons poetry
E negus no'ill vole dire qu'ella fos renduda. E quant fo ben garitz, el venc a Saint Antoni, o fo li dit com ela s'era renduda per la tristessa qu'ella ac quant auzi dire qu'el era mortz. Dont, quant el auzi so, perdet solatz o ris e chan et alegressa, e cobret plains e plors e sos- pirs et esmais e dolors, e no cavalquet ni anet ni venc ontre la bona gen.
I-I 11.1.5. * Identification by reference
...ma domna Elis do Honfort, moiller d'En Guillem do Gordon, filla dol voscomte de Torena, ...
2 ^Mn. * Parentage
...Elis do honfort, ...filla del vescomto de Torena, ...
P 210. Husband and wife
...Elis de Honfort, moiller d'En Guillem do Gordon, ...
P ^27.7.11.2. * Frionds try to reconcile poet to poetry
...Elis de Honfort, ...li mandet pregan ...que ...se degues alegrar e laissar la dolor ...e pregan lo e claman li mer- ce qu'ol la deingnes anar vezor; ...
T 29.9*2. * Poet rejoices over reconciliation
Quant lo vescons auzi aquels honratz plazers quo la gen- tils valenz domna li mandava, ...ol comensa a far ale gressa et a esjauzir se, e comensa a vonir ...entre la bona gon, o vestir so ...e cobrar se on arnes et en annas ot on solatz. 231
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
...anet s'en a ma domna Elis de Honfort; ...Et el fo gais ot alegres ...et ella molt alegra ...Et el la saup ben grazir e morcejar, ...Et ella o fetz ben, qu'ella lo pres per son cavallier ...et ella det si a lui per domna, baissan et abrasan, e'ill det son anel de son det per fer- manssa e per seguriat.
P 427.7*11.3. * Poet resumes poetry
Et onaissi se parti lo vescoms de leis molt alegros e molt gais, o cobret trobar e cantar e solatz.
T 29.3*2. * Poot composes poems about his lady
E fetz de lei adoncs aquella chanson ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E fetz do lei adoncs aquella chanson que ditz:
T 9.7.1* * Love appears to poet in a vision
Et enanz qu'el fezes la chanson, una nuoit, quant dorraia, li fo a vis que Amors l'asaillis ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...Amors l'asaillis d'una cobla que dis:
T 9.3*1. * Love upbraids poet for abandoning her ways
Raimonz Jordanz, de vos ois voill aprendre Co'us os laissatz do solatz e de chan.
Has ara vei c'avetz fenit lo lais: Encolpatz etz, se non es qu'i responda.
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
Maintas bonas chansos fetz, ...
P 425.1. * Scribal text reference
Haintas bonas chansos fetz, de las cals son asi escriptas altras, si com vos auziretz.
LXXXVII Raimon De Hiraval A. - Vida
Z 471. * Place of origin 232
Raimons do lliraval si fo ...de Carcases, ...
P 191»1« * Social status
Raimons do lliraval si fo uns paubres cavalliors ...que non avia mas la quarta part dol castel do lliraval; ot on aquol chastol non estaven .XL. home.
A 1^ 6^.^. * Literary criticism
Has per lo sou bol trobar e por lo siou bol dire, ...
J 0. Possession of knowledge
...e car ol saup plus d'amor e de domnei e de totz los faitz avinenz o do totz los ditz plazenz que coron entr'amadors ot amairitz, ... •
’J * Honor bestowed on poot
...si fo mout honratz o tongutz on car por lo conte de Tolosa, ...
2 133. Symbolic names
...lo comto do Tolosa, que'l clamava "Audiartz" et el lui.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
S'l corns li dava los cavals e las armas o'Is dra'ps que'il bcsognavon.
P 91.1. * Royalty and nobility admit poot to
thoir company
St ora seingncr de lui e do son alborc, e soingner del rei Poire d'Arragon o del vescomte de Bedors, e d'En Bortran do Saisac, c de totz los grans barons d'aquella encontrada.
T 27.^. * Poot is highly desired suitor
S non era noguna grans domna ni valenz, en totas aquellas encontradas, ciuo no desires e no se penes qu'el ontendes en ella, o qurel li volguos ben per domesteguessa, car el las sabia plus onrar e far grazir que nuls autr'ora; per quo neguna no crezia osser presiada, si no fos sos amics Raimons de lliraval. 3n mantas domnas s'entendet ...
A lU'Sk-.km * Literary criticism 233
...ct en fetz mantas bonas cansos; ...
II 57.1. * Poot is judged by fellow nan
...car el las sabia plus onrar o far grazir que nuls autr'on; ...
T 75*3.0. * Unrequited love
...e no crozot mais qu'el de neguna endrot d'amor agues ben, ...
K 2001. * Hypocritical women deceive poet
E non era neguna grans donna ...que no desires o no se penes qu'es entendes en ella, ...car el las sabia plus onrar e far grazir que nuls autr'om; ...e totas l'en- ganeron.
S ^73. * Death of poot
2 definet a Lerida, a Sancta Clara do las donas de Sistel.
UCCCVXI Raiinon De lliraval 3. - Razo
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
2u vos ai dich dosobre, en l'autra raison, d'En Raimon do lliraval, et aves auzit qi fo ni don, ...
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
...con gran ron ontondet on totas las moillors dompnas c las plus valens d'aqolas encontradas, ...
2 10.3. Transition formulas
... si con el dis: .
P ^25.5. * Scribe identifies source
... si con el dis:
117.2. * Lover boasts of successes
Q 1ou non ai cor qe m'abais Hi vas bas'amor desrei; C'ades ai lo meils volgut Dedins e fors mon repaire; 23^
P ^27.7*23* * Poet advances lady
•••qe las nos en gran prez et on gran lausor entre la bona gen.
N 103.1. * Fickleness of luck and fate
Ben n'i aic de tals qe feiron bon de lui, e d'autras q'en feiron nal, ...
P ^25.5 . * Scribe identifies source
... si con el dis :
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...si con el dis:
K 103.1. * Fickleness of luck and fate
Qe mantas vetz ne tornet a folor, E nantas vetz en gaug ot en dousor;
J 0. Possession of wisdom
...e bon fo per tals galiatz qe el las galiet pucis tot galiatz, ...
P ij-25.5* * Scribe identifies sourco
... si con el dis:
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...si con el dis:
J 0. Possession of knowledge
Et eu, sufren non dan, Saup l'onganar toz enganatz, Puois romanor ab leis en paz.
197*2. * Poet fights gossip
Has a lui desplasia fort qi disia q'el non agues ben de las donpnas, o si desmentia aqels qe disian q'el non'n agues ben, ...
P ^25.5 . * Scribe identifies sourco
...si com el dis: 235
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
... si com ol dis:
197.2. * Poot fights gossip
Ar van disen a lairo Cj'anc d'amor no dis mon pro: llenten, q'autz n'ai bos e jauzimons, En’ai sufert dans o galiamens.
V LOO. Charity
Anc mais no vole enganar las finas ni las leials, per mal q'elas li feseson sofrir, ans de lor dan poc aver faic son pro; mas anc no vole ren q'a lor no fos bon.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
E si s'enamorot d'una joven dompna gentil d'Albiges, qe avia nom ma dompna Aimengarda de Castras.
7/ 0 .1 . * Pavorablo qualities
Bela ora e cortosa et avinens, ot ensoinnada e gen parlans.
P ^27.7*23. * Poot advances lady
Lout l 1anet c la onorot e la lausct en contan ot on can- tan, e nout la r.ies en gran prez ontro la bona gen.
T 29.^.2. * Lady imposes conditions
E lone temps la preguet q'ola li fozos plaisor endroich d'amor; et ella li dis q'ola no'il faria plaiser d'amor por nom de drudaria; mas si ol volia laissar soa moiller, ela lo tolria xser marit.
P 210. Husband and \*ife
...Raimons de lliraval ... sua moilor ...la cals avia nom ma dopna Caudairenga, ...
A 1577. Origin of personal names
...la cals avia nom ma dopna Caudairenga, per lo paire qe avia nom Caudeira.
Z L^l. * Parentage
...na dopna Caudairenga, ...lo paire qe avia nom Caudeira. 236
H 0,1. * Favorable qualities
3ola ora ot avinons, ...
A lbGU’ih, * Literary criticism
...o sabia ben trobar cobias e dansas.
T 2^9.5. * Husband seeks divorce motivo to be free
to remarry
Cian Raimons de lliraval auzi q' ela lo volia tolre per marit, mout fo liegres, e vonc s'en al sou castol. E penset por cal caison el pogues partir sua moilor da si, ...
T 29,2 . * ./ifo falls in love with another man
■ 7 I li Xi Guilolm Breii.ion entendia en ela, ...
P 191*1* * Social status
3 1 IT G-uilolm Breimon ...ora uns cavaliers gentils ...
11 0.1. * Favorable qualities
E ’l! G-uilclm Broimon ...era ...bons o bols.
T 2i{-9.6. * Grounds for divorce
En Raimons do lliraval si trobet aqesta ochaison a sua noillier. qo no covenian dui trobador on un alborc. E dis li q ela mandos nor sos parens, ot q ’ola s'en anos a son alborc.
T 2'l-9«7* * Divorced wife remarries
E qant ola vi la volontat del marit, ela mandet per Guileln Bremon. Et el vonc; e Raimons do lliraval si l a ’il rnes ontre las mans; ot ol la menet via, e tolc la per moillier.
T 101.0. * Poet's lady marries
E la dompna on la qal En Raimons entendia, ma dompna Aimengarda, si tolc marit un gentil baron d'aqelas en- contradas, qe avia nom Oliviers de Saisac.
T 75»7» * Rejected suitor loses both lady and xirife
Don lliravals venc a gran dolor et a gran tristesa, per la 237 dompna q'el ac perduda e per la moillier.
T 0. * Lady humiliates lover
Aqostas novellas foron auzidas per totas aqelas oncon- tradas loins G pres; St avonc a saber ad un valen baron do Cataloina, qe avia nom N'Usot de Ilataplana, ...
A 1 U-6U',k, * Literary criticism
...H'Uset de Ilataplana, q'ora mout adreichz e bons trobairo, ...
P 310.0. * Friends
...N'Usot de Ilataplana, q'ora ...mout ar.iics de lliraval.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
2 si'n fetz aqest sirventes qe ditz:
LXXXVTI Rainon Do lliraval C. - Razo
P -1-2.5.1. * Scribal text reference
Bon aves ontondut d'Sn Raimon de lliraval que fo ni don, on la razo quo os escriuta denan las soas chansos; per que no vos vueill dire d'aiso qu'iou vos ai dis.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Has el si amava una dona do Carcases, quo avia nom la Loba do Pueinauticr, ...
2 Vn. * Parontase
...la Loba do Pueinauticr, filha d'En R. de Puesnautier, ...
P 210. Husband and wife
...la Loba de Pueinauticr, ...era moiller d'un cavalier ric e poderos de Cabaros e parers del castel do Cabaretz.
'J 0.1. * Favorable qualities
La Loba si era sobravinens e bela e corteza et ensenhada, e volontoza de pretz e d'onor; ...
T 29.6.2. * Lady wooed by many
...e tuit li valen homo e'ill valen baro de l'encontrada, 233 e l'estranh quo la vezion si entendion en ela: lo corns de Fois, En Oliviers de Saisac, En Poire Rotgiers de Mira peis, En Aimericx de I-Ionroial e'K Peire Vidal, ...
T 29.3*2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
...o tuit ...si entondion en ola: ...e’N Peiro Vidal, quo fes naintas bonas chansos do lois.
A l46Jj-.il-, * Literary criticism
...*11 Peirc Vidal, ...fos naintas bonas chansos do leis.
T 29.3. * Poot falls in lovo
En Raimons de lliraval si l 1amava sobro totz coralmon, ...
T 29.3.2. * Poot composes poems about his lady
...o fazia sas chansos d 1ela, ...
P 427.7.23. * Poet advances lady
...e l 1onansava son pretz e sa valor, on cantan et on com tan, si com sel c'o sabia meils far do chavalior del mon, et ab plus plazons razos ot ab plus bels digz.
T 29.3.2.3. * Lady welcomes poet’s service but does
not reciprocate
E la Loba, per lo £ran pretz on qu’ol l'avia neza, e qu'ela conoisia qu el sabia meils enansar donas e doz- enansax- de nuill homo, ella li sufria sos procx e son sntcndonen, e li promotia do far plazer; 0 l'avia rc- tengut baizan. Has ella non li avia amor, ni'll fazia ni'll dizia plazors mas por enguan; ...
T 73»0«7» * Lady deceives lover
Has ella non li avia amor, ni'll fazia ni'll dizia pla- zers mas por enguan; e volia bon al comte de Fois, tan qu'ela l'avia fait son drut.
I-I 53. * Judgment of lady who deceives
St ora l'amors paleza de lor e la drudaria per totas las oncontradas de Carcases; don ola fo decazucha de pretz o d'onor, e d'amicx e d'amiguas; que lai tenion per morta tota dona que fassa son drut d'aut baro. 239
T 75.2.1, Rejected suitor's revenge
Quan Iliravals auzit la novela del nal qu'ela avia fag e del mal quo totas gens dizion d ’ola, e que Peire Vidals n'avia faita una mala chanso d'elas ...fo sobre totz plus dolons, ot ac volontat qu'el so mezes a nal dire d'ela ...e pueis ol se penset quo noils era qu'el s'en penes de leis enguanar, si con ela avia enguanat lui, qu'el se par tis de leis iratz. Et anet e si la conenset a defendre, et a cobrir et a razonar del fait del conte do 3Tois.
21 53. * Judgment of lady v/ho deceives
...Peire Vidals n'avia faita una mala chanso d'elas ...
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
...avia faita una mala chanso d'elas ...en la cal el dis en una cotblas ...
P ^25.5 ,1 . * Scribe quotes source
...Poire Vidals n'avia faita una mala chanso d'elas Estat ai una gran sazo, en la cal ol dis en una cotblas
Quo per un conte ros 21'a gitat a bando. Ben par quo Loba es, Quant ab conte s'onpres E's part d*enperador
II 5o. * Judgment of lady who deceives
Ben par quo Loba os, ■Quant ab conte s'enpros E's part d'enperador C'a faita sa lauzor Per tot lo non saber; Has qui men non ditz ver,
./ 27.2.1. * Grateful lady tries to make amends
La Loba auzit que lliraval la defendia e la cobria d'aquest gran nal qu'el*avia fag, sobre la gran tristeza qu'el avia; ...E si'l fes venir a so, 0 si'll regrasia molt, en ploran, del mantenemen e de la defensio qu'el fazia d'ela. E si'll dis; "lliraval, s'iou anc jorn aigui pretz ni valor ...per vos n'os avongut e do vos ho tonh tot; ... 21*0
T 75.3.0.1. * Unrequited love explained
..•e corn so sia cauza qu'ieu non aia fag tot so endreg d ’amor que vos aves volgut, no m ’o a defendut nocalemens ni amors d'autrui, ans m'en a defendut una paraula que vos disses en una vostra chanso, .
2 10.3. Transition formulas
...en una vostra chanso, quo ditz Amor me fai cantar et esbaudir:
T 9.8. * Love's rewards must be gradual
Bona dona no's deu d'amar gequir; E pos tan fai c'az amor s'abandona, No s'en coch trop, ni nassa non ho tir, Q,ue meins en val totz faitz, qui'l dossazona.
T 75.3.0.1. * Unroquited love explained
Et ieu volia vos far tan de plazor com onrada razo, por vos l'acsetz plus quar; qu'ou no me'n volia coitar; que non a mas dos ans e .V. nes que vos retengui baizan, ...
2 10.3* Transition formulas
...si com vos disetz en vostra chanso:
U 27.2.1. * Grateful lady tries to make amends
Aras vei be quo vos no me voletz abandonar per lo blasme fals e mensongier que m'aun mes enomicx et onemiguas de sobre me. Por so vos die que, pueis quo vos mo mantenes contra tota gen, ot ieu mo tueill do tota gon per vos, o don vol lo cor o'l cors por far e per dir tot quan vos voles; e met mo del tot en vos et el vostro poder et en vostras mas; ...
T 29.7.1. * Lady fears evil tongues
...e prec vos que'm deiatz defendre als enomicx et a las enemiguas.
T 29.9.2. * Poet rejoices over reconciliation
Iliravals ab gran alogransa resoup lo don de la Loba, ot ac de lois tot so que a lui plac longua sazo.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love 2ki
Has denan si s'era enamoratz de la marqueza de llenorba •••
":l 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...la marqueza de llenorba - qe avia nom Gent Esquia de Ilinerba - qu'era joves e gaia e gentils dona, ...e non avia montit ni onguanat, ni era ostada enguanada ni triada.
P 210. Husband and wife
...la marquoza de Henerba ...era moiller dol conte do Henerba, ...
T 2k,8.0. * Cause of lover's dismissal w E por aquesta se partit Iliravals de la Loba.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
E por totas aquostas razos si fes Iliravals aquesta chanso que ditz:
P ij-25.1. * Scribal text reforonce
...la cals chansos cs escriuta aisi.
LXXXVII Rain on De lliraval D. - Razo
? ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
Vos aves entondut d'En Raimon de lliraval corn el saup en- guanar la Loba e romaner ab leis em patz.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
Has ara vos dirai ...
T 75»0»7» * Lady deceives lover Has ara vos dirai com ll'Alazais de Boisazo l'onguanet, ot un'autra apres qu'era sa vezina, c'avia non K'Esmenjarda do Castras, ...
Z 133« Symbolic names
...e'ill dizia horn "la Bela d'Albuges".
Z k^l. * Place of origin
Abdoas eron de l'evescat d'Albuges: N'Alazais si era d'un castel quoz a nom Lombortz, .. .11'Aimenguarda si era d'un bore quez a nom Castra; ...
P 210. Husband and wife
N'Alazais si era ...moillor d'En Bernart de Boisazo; ... ll'Aimonguarda si era ...moiller d'un ric vavasor ...
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Raimons do lliraval si s'enamoret de K'Alazais de Boisazo,
V/ 0.1, * Favorable qualities
...N'Alazais ...era jovos e gentils e bela, o fort volon- toza de -pretz e d'onor e de lauzor; ...
T 29.3*2.1. * Lady gladly accepts poet's efforts
...o quar ella conoisia qu'En Iliravals li podia plus dar pretz et honor quo nuils horn dol mon, si fo molt alegra, quar vit qu'el li volia ben; ...
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
...c fes li totz los bels semblans e dis li totz los bels plazers que dona deu far ni dire a nuill cavalier; ...
P 427*7*23* * Poet advances lady
•.•ot el la onanset en cantan ot on comtan, aitan com poc ni saup; ...
T 29.3*2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
...c fes do leis maintas bonas chansos, lauzan son pretz e sa valor e sa cortezia; ...
A 1464.4. * Literary criticism
...o fes de leis maintas bonas chansos, ...
P 427.7»23. * Poet advances lady
...e fes de leis maintas bonas chansos, lauzan son pretz e sa valor e sa cortezia; e mes la en si gran honor que tuit li valen baro d'aquela encontrada entendion en ela: lo vescoms do 3ezors e'l corns do Toloza e'l reis Peire d'Arago, ...
T 11.1. Love from mere mention or description 2^3
...e'l rois Poiro d'Arago, als cals Iliravals I 1 avia tan lauzada que'l rois, senes vozor, n'ora fort enamoratz g I 1 avia mandat sos mosatgos o sas letras o sas joiasj et el ois moria do volontat do lois vozer.
T 51. 'Jooing by emissary
Don Iliravals so penet quo'l reis la vongues vezer, •••
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
. ..e'n fes una cotbla, on la chanso que ditz Ar ab la forsa del frois:
P ^27.7.26. * Poet sings lais lady's praises
Q,ue la cortezi'e'l jais Do la Bella N'Alazais E'l frosca colors o'ill pel blon Paun tot lo setgle jauzion.
Z U-72. * Travel
Don lo rois s'en venc en Albuges et a Lombertz per na dona IC'Alazais; ...
T 51* Jooing by emissary
...c'i: Iliravals venc ab lo roi, prcguan lo qu'ol li degues valor ct ajudar ab ma dona ll'Alazais.
P 319*10,1, * Pricnd and lady betray poet
Port fo oreubutz ct onratz lo rois o vegutz volentiors per ma dona Il'Alazais. E'l rois, ados que fo asotatz apres d 1ela, si la prcguot d'amor; et ella li dis ados de far tot so qu'el volia, 3i que la nueit ac lo rois tot so que'ill plac do leis.
T 75»0«5« * Rejected suitor complains
E 1' endor.ia fo saubut r>er tota la gen ...E'N Iliraval, que atendia osser ricx de joi per los procx del rei. auzit aquesta novella. Po'n tritz e dolens; e vai s en e laisa lo roi. Longuamon se plais del nal que la dona l'a- via fag e de la felonia que'l reis avia faita de lui.
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
Don el d'aquosta razo fes aquesta chanso que ditz: zbb
P ^ 2 5 .1 . * Scribal text reference
...la cals os escriuta aisi.
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
Dig vos ai do Il'Alazais do Boisazo com onguanet Iliraval e'l trai ct ausis si mezeissa.
Z 10.3, Transition formulas
Et aras vos vuoill dire ...
T * Lady docoives lover
. • .11'Aimen jarga de Castras, ...1 'cnguanet e'l trai.
Z 133. Symbolic names
. . .21' Aimcn jarda de Castras, la cals era dicha "la Sella Albuges" ...
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
...si com ieu vos ai die on autre luoc ...
T 75»°»6.1. * Rejected suitor offered solace by
another lady
I;'Aimcnjarda de Castras saup com Il'Alazais de Boisazo 1' avia enguanat e trait. Si mandct per Iliraval, et el venc. 3t olla li dis com era dolenta d'aiso que so di- zia do Il'Alazais, ...e qu'ola avia cor e volontat do faire osmenda a lui, dc sc mezeissa, del mal que Il'Alazais avia fait do lui.
P b27.7.2k.2. * Poet is gullible
Et el fo leus az enguanar, quan vit lo bel semblan o'Is avinons digz ab qu'ola li prezcntava l'osmenda del dan qu'el avia pres; ...St aquesta anot e pres lo per cavalier c por servidor.
P ^ 2 7 .7 .2 6 . * Poet sines his lady's praises
En Iliravals la comensa a lauzar et a grazir, et a enansar son pretz o sa honor e sa valor 0 sa beutat e son joven.
J 0. Possession of knowledge S la dona avia son o sabor o cortezia, o saup guazanhar amicx et aniguas.
T 101.0.1. * Poet's lady receives proposal of marriage
3n Olivers do Saisac, uns gontils bars d'aquela encon- trada, si entondia on ola; o dizia li do penro la per noillor.
T 29.3.2.3. * Lady -welcomes poet's services but does
not reciprocate
En Iliravals, quan vit quo l'avia tant nontada en pretz ot en honor, si vole avor guizardo; e si la preguet qu'ola li fezes plazer endrog d'amor. Et ella dis que no 'ill fari'anor per non do drudaria; ...
T 29.^.2. * Lady imposes conditions
St ella dis que no'ill fari'anor per non do drudaria; qu'enans lo volria per narit, i>er so quo lur anors non so pogucs nais partir ni ronpre, e qu'el degues sa moiller cassar do so, la cals avia non na dona Caudaironca.
T 2^9.5. * G-rounds for divorce
Don Iliravals fo fort alogres, quant auzit qu'ola'l volia per narit; ct anot s'on al siou castel, e si dis a sa noillor qu'ol no volia noillor quo saubos trobar; quo a- satz avia on un albcrc d'un trobador, o qu'ola s'apareilles d'anar a l'alborc do son paire, qu'el no la tenria plus por noillor.
T 29.2. * '..rifo falls in love with another nan
Et ella cntendia on un cavalier, quez avia non G-uilen Brenon, don olla fazia sas dansas.
T 29.2 .1 . * ’.life in lovo with another nan writes
noons about him
Et ella entendia on un cavalier, ...don olla fazia sas dansas.
T 2^9.7*1. * Divorcod wifo proposes marriage to suitor
E nandet per En G-uilon Brenon que la vengues penre, qu'ela s 'on volia anar ab lui e penre per narit. zh6
T 2^9.7.0. * Divorced wife given in marriage by
former husband
Guilens Brenons, vonc s'on al castol de Iliraval ...La dona fo aparoillada d'anar; e Iliravals la mona fora ... Can la dona vole montar a caval, si dis a Iliraval que, pueis quo la soa volontatz ora qu'el so volia partir d'ela, que la dos a'N G-uilem Brernon per moiller. Iliraval dis quo volontiers, s'ela ho volia, En G-uilem se trais enan e pres l'anol per osposar. En Iliravals la* ill dona per moiller, et anaisi la'n aena via.
T 29.^.2.6. * Poet fulfills conditions imposed and
returns for reward
En Iliravals. quant ac partida la moiller de si, anet s'en a ma dona II Aimcnjarda, o si’ll dis qu'el avia fait lo siou comandanon: ...c qu'ela degues fairo o dire so qu’ela l 1avia promes.
T 29.'!-.2.2. * Poet fulfills conditions imposed and
is betrayed
E la dona si dis ...quo s 'on anos a son castol e que fezes son apareillamen de leis rocobre o de vcnir per ela, quar cla mandaria tost per ol. Iliravals s’en anet ...Et ella manda per I;'Olivier do Saisac ; ...Et olla li dis com ella avia cor o volontat de far tot so qu'el volia, de marit penre lui. Et ordoneron si lur fait ...e fes grans nosas e grans cortz.
? 75*7 * * Rejected suitor loses both lady and wife
La novela venc a'll Iliraval que la dona avia pres I!'Oli vier do Saisac per marit. Fort fo dolens e trist qu'ela li avia fait sa moiller laisar e qu'ela l'avia promos que'l penria per marit ...e dolens de Il'Alazais de Boi sazo, del mal que fes ab lo roi d'Arago.
P L27.7«ll. * Poet abandons poetry
E si perdet tot joi e tot alogrier e tot solas, e cantar c trobar; et estet si com horn esperdutz ben dos ans.
P L27.7«2L. * Poet modes another poet
E maint cavalier trobador s'en derezion de lui, de las nonsonjas quo las donas avion faitas de lui. 2^7
T 75*0.6.1. * Rejected suitor offered solace by
another lady
lias una gontil joves dona, quo avia non ma dona Bruneisens de Cabaretz, ...si'l nandet saludan e confortan. e preguan qu'el se deguos alegrar per amor de lois; e qu el saubes per veritat qu'ola l'anaria vezer, s'il no venia ves leis, e li feria tan d'anor qu'el conoiseria be qu'ela no'l vo lia enguanar.
P 210. Husband and wife
lias una gentil joves dona, que avia non ma dona Bruneisons de Cabaretz, moiller d'En Poire Rotgier de Cabaretz, ...
0.1. * Favorable qualities
...era envejoza do pretz e d'onor, ...ela no'l volia enguanar.
Z 10.3* Transition formulas
E d'aquesta razo si fes aquesta chanso que vos auziretz:
P Jj-25.1. * Scribal te^t reference
...fes aquesta chanso que vos auziretz:
LXXXVII Raimon De Iliraval E. - Razo
A ll*35»l» * Dating by reference
(Juan lo cons de Toloza fo dozeretatz per la Gleiza e per los Franses, ...Iliraval era col conte de Tolosa, ...
Z Url2, * Historical events
...lo cons de Toloza fo dozeretatz per la G-leiza e per los Franses, et ac perduda Argensa e Belcaire, e li Fran ses agron Saint-Gili et Albuges o Carcases, e Bederres fon destruitz, e'l vescoras de Bezers era mortz, e tota la bona gens d'aquelas encontradas foron morta e fugida a Toloza, ...
Z 183. Symbolic names
...Iliraval era col comte de Tolosa, com qui el se clamava "Audiartz"; ...
P 310.6. One friend dies shortly after the other 2l*8
•••e vivia ab gran dolor, per so que tota la bona gens don el era senher e maistre, e donas e cavalier eron mort o dezeretat; ...
T 299*6, * Lady lost
•••pueis avia sa moiller perduda, ...
P 1*25*1. * Scribal text reference
...si corn vos auziretz, ...
T 75*0*7* * Lady deceives lover
,.,e sa dona l'avia trait et enguanat; ...
N 138. * Poet's luck changes
...et el avia son castel perdut.
Z 1*72. * Travel
Et avenc se que'l rois d'Arago venc a Toloza, ...
P 250.2. * 3rothor visits sisters
...'l reis d'Arago venc a Toloza, ...per vezer sas serors, • • •
P 250. Brothers and sisters
...'1 reis d'Arago ...sas serors, ma dona Elionor e ma dona Sancha; ...
P 12.9. Nobility of character a mark of kings
...'l reis d'Arago ...si confortet molt sas serors e'l cornto e'l filol e la bona gen de Toloza, e promes al comte qu'el li recobraria Belcaire e Carcasona, et a'N Iliraval lo sieu castel; e que faria si que la bona gens cobrar- ion lo joi c'avion perdut.
P 1*27.7.7.2.2. * Poet rejoices
En Miravals, per joi qu'el ac de la promessio qu'l reis fes al comte et a lui de rendre so c'avion perdut, e per lo terns d'estat qu'era vengutz, ...
P 1*27.7» 11* * Poet abandons poetry
...ja agues el preponut de non far chansos entro quez 21*9 agues cobrat lo castel de Miraval, que avia perdut •••
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
...e car s'ora enamoratz de ma dona Elienor, moiller del comte •..
\'I 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...qu'era la plus bela dona del raon e la meiller, ...
T 29.10. * Lover is timid
...a la cal el non avia encara fait sernblan d'amor, ...
2 10.3. Transition formulas
...el fes aquesta chanso que ditz:
P ^27.7 .7 .2 .2 .1 . *Poet sings his joy
Bel m ’es qu'ieu chant e coindei, Pos l'aur'es dpusa e'l temps guais,
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
...la qual vos auziretz, qu'es escriuta aisi.
P ^27.7.19. * Poet sends poem to king
E cant ac faita la chanso, el la trames al rei, en Arago.
P 12.9. Nobility of character a mark of kings
Per que'l reis venc ab mil cavaliers a servizi del comte de Toloza, per la promessio qu'el avia faita de recobrar la terra que'l corns avia perduda.
P 12,15. * Xing dies in battle
Don lo reis fo mortz per los Franses denan Murel, ab totz los mil cavaliers c'avia ab se; que nuils non escapet.
LXXXVTII Raimon De Las Salas, Do Marseilla
P 191«1» * Social status
Raimonz de Salas si f0 us borges ...
Z '471, * Place of origin 250
Raimonz de Salas si fo ...de Marseilla.
J 1115.11. * Clever burgher composes poetry
Raimonz do Salas si fo us borges ...E trobet cansos et albas e retroenzas.
A 1^6^.^.1. * Indirect literary criticism
No fo mout conogutz ni mout prezatz.
LXXXIX Rainaut Et Jaufre De Pon
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Rainautz de Pon si fo gentils castellans ...
P 191.1. * Social status
Rainautz de Pon si fo gentils castellans de Saintonge, ...e seingner del castel de Pon ...
Z 471. * Place of origin
Rainautz de Pon si fo ...de Saintonge, de la marqua de Poitieu ...del castel de Pon ...
J 1115.12. * Clever nobleman composes poetry
Rainautz de Pon si fo gentils castellans ...e seingner del castel de Pon, quo sabia trobar.
P 191.1. * Social status
E'N Jaufres de Pon si era uns cavalliers del castel ...
J 1115.12. * Clever nobleman composes poetry
E'N Jaufres de Pon si ora uns cavalliers del castel e que sabia asi trobar ...
P ^27.7 .10. * Rivaling poets
E'N Jaufres de Pon ...fazia tensos con Rainautz de Pon.
XC Richart De Berbezill A. - Vida
P 191.1. * Social status
Richartz de Qerbesieu si fo uns cavalliers ...paubres vavausors. 251
Z b71. * Place of origin
Richartz do Berbesieu si fo ...del castel de Berbesieu, de Saintonge, do l'evesquat de Saintas, ...
TJ 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Dons cavalliers fo d'armas e bels de la persona; ...
228. * Timidity
...e saup miels trobar qu'entendre ni que dire. Mout fo pauros disenz entro las genz; et on plus vezia de bons bones, plus s'esperdia e menz sabia; e totas vetz li besoingnava altre que'l conduisses enan.
A 1^6**.* Literary criticism
...e saup nielz trobar que entendre ...lias ben cantava e disia sons, e trobava avinonmen rnotz e sons.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Et enamoret so d'una domna, moiller d'En Jaufre de Taonai, d'un valen baron d'aquella encontrada.
J:J 0.1. * Favorable qualities
E la domna era gentils e bella, e gaia e plazenz, o mot onvejosa de pretz e d'onor, ...
Z UrUrlt * Parentage
E la domna era ...filla d'En Jaufre Rudel, prince de Blaia.
T 75.0.7. * Lady deceives lover
...ella ...fetz li doutz senblanz d'araor ...Et ella, ... rotenc sos precs, e los recoup e los auzi, con domna que avia volontat d'un trobador que trobes d'ella.
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady
Et aquest comenset a far sas cansos d'ella, ...
Z 183. Symbolic names
Et aquest ...apellava la "Moilz-de-Domna" en sos cantars.
A 1^6^.b. * Literary criticism 252
Et el si se deletava molt en dire en sas cansos simili- tudines de bestias e d'ausels e d'omes, e del sol e de las estellas, per dire plus novellas rasos qu1autre non agues ditas.
T 75.3.0. * Unrequited love
Hout longamen cantet d'ella; mas anc non fo crezut qu'ella li fezes amor de la persona.
T 89.3* * Poet's lady dies
La domna mori; ...
Z L72. * Travel
...et el s'en anet en Espaingna, al valen baron Don Diego; • • •
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...et el s'en anet ...al valen baron Don Diegp; e lai visquet, ... ~
Z ^73« * Doath. of poet
...el s'en anet en Espaingna, ...e la mori.
XC Richart De 3erbezill 3 . - Razo
P L25.I. * Scribal tdxt reference
Ben avetz entendut qi fo Ricchautz de Berbesiu et com ...
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
.•.s'enanoret de la molher de Jaufre de Tonay ...
Z 183. Symbolic names
...et apellava la "llielz-de-Dompna", ...
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
...et volia li ben outra mesura, ...et ella li volia ben cortesamen.
T 29.^.2. * Lady imposes conditions
Et Ricchautz la pregava q'ella li degues far plaser d'amor, et clamava li merce. Et la dompna li respondet q'ella volia 253
volentier far li plazer d 1aitan qe li fos onor; et dis a Ricchaut qo s'el li volges lo ben q'el dixia, q'el non deuria voler q'ella l'en dixes plus ni plus li fezes con ella li fazia ni dizia.
T 92.0.5. * Jealous lady seeks to alienate
another's suitor
...una dompna d'aqella encontrada, •..mandat per Ricchaut; . ..Et ...li comencet a dir ...qe tan lonjatnen avia amada la soa dompna, et ella no'l avia fait null plazer endreit d'amor; et dis q'En Ricchautz ...so ...se volia partir de soa dompna, q'ella li faria plaser d'aitan com el volgues comandar, et disen autresi q'ella era plus bella dompna et plus alta qe non era aqella en qi el s'entendia.
T 72. Woman won then scorned
...Ricchautz ...venc a sa dompna ...et comenset li a dir ...q'el s'en volia partir de leis. Et Ricchautz ...s'en parti d'ella.
T 71»5. * Scorned woman pleads with suitor
Et ella en fo trista et marrida, et commenset a pregar Ricchaut qe non se degues partir d'ella; et se ella per temps passat non li avia fach plazer, q'ella li volia far ara.
T 38.^. * Poet fails test lady imposed deceptively
Et pois, qant el ne fo partiz, el se venc a la donna qe'l n'avia fait partir, et dis li com el avia fait lo sieu comandemen et com li clamava merce q 1ella li degues com- plir tot so q'ella li ac promes. Et la dompna li respon- det q'el non era horn qe neguna dompna li degues ni far ni dir plazer, q'el era lo plus fals horn del mon, qant el era partiz de sa dompna, q'era si bella et si gaia et qe'l volia tant de be, per ditz d'aucuna autra dompna; et si com era partiz d'ella, si se partria d*autra.
T 2^.8.1. * Double separation doubles suffering
of lover
Et Ricchautz, qant auzi so q'ella dizia, si fo lo plus trist horn del raon e'l plus dolenz qe mais fos. Et parti se, et vole tornar a merce de l'autra dompna de prima; ne aqella no'l vole retener; don ell, per tristessa q'el ac, si s'en anet en un boschage ... T 2^.8.3. * Dismissed suitor becomes a recluse
•••don ell, per tristessa q'el ac, si s'en anet en un boschago et fotz se faire una maison et reclus se dinz, disen q'el non eisseria mais de laienz, tro q'el non trobes merce de sa dompna; •••
Z 10.3, Transition formulas
•••per q'el dis en una soa chanson:
Z 183* Symbolic namos
Miolz-de-Dompna, don soi fugitz doa anz«
P ^27.7.11.2. * Friends try to reconcile poet to poetry
Et pois las bonas dompnas e'ill cavalier d'aqellas en- contradas, vezen lo gran dampnage de Ricchaut, qe fu aisi perduz, si vengen la on Ricchautz era recluz, et pregero lo q'el se deges partir et issir fora,
P ^27.7* 11 * Poet imposes conditions of return
to poetry
Et Ricchautz disia q'el non se partria mais tro qe sa dompna li perdones.
T 51. V/ooing by emissary
Et las dompnas e'l cavalier s'en venguen a la domna et pregero la q'ella li degues perdonar; •••
T 29.^.2, * Lady imposes conditions
•••et la dompna lor respondet q'ella no'n faria ren, tro que .C. dompnas et .C« chavalier, li qual s'araesson tuit per amor, non venguessori"tuith devant leis, mans jontas, do genolhos, clamar li merce, q'ella li degues perdonar; et pois ella li perdonaria, se il aqest faisian.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
La novella venc a Ricchaut, don ell fetz aqesta chanson que ditz:
T 51»5« * Poet sings his dependence on emissaries
Atresi com l'olifanz Qe, can chai, no's pod levar 255
Tro qe l 1autre, a lor gridar, De lor voz lo levon sus, Es eu voill segre aqel us,
Qe, se la cort del Poi et lo bobanz E los fins procs dels leials amadors No'n rolevon, ja nai non serai sors,
T 51.6. * Emissaries fulfill conditions imposed
Et qant las dompnas et li cavalier ausiren qe podia trobar merce ab sa dompna, ...las dompnas e’l chavalier s'asem- bloron tuit et anneron et clameron merce as ella per Ricchaut.
T 29.^.2.1. * Lady honors conditions imposed
Et la dompna li perdonot.
XCI Ricau De Tarascon
Z **71» * Place of origin
Richautz de Tarascon si fo ...de Proenssa, del castel de Tarascon.
P 191.1. * Social status
Richautz de Tarascon si fo uns cavalliers ...
T 0.1, * Favorable qualities
Richautz do Tarascon ...3ons cavalliers fo e bons trobaire o bons sorvire.
A * Lit erary criticism
Richautz de Tarascon si fo ...bons trobaire ...S fez bons sirventes e bonas cansos.
XCII Sail D ’Escola
Z Ur? 1. * Place of origin
Saill d'Escola si fo de Barjarac, d'un ric bore de Peiro- gorc, ...
Z ijll-1, * Parentage
Saill d'Escola si fo ...fils d'un mercadier. 2 5 6
P 191.2. * Social status changes
£ fez se joglar ...
A 146^.4. * Literary criticism
Saill d'Bscola ...fez de bonas cansonetas.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
£t estet cum N'Ainermada de Nerbona; ...
P 601.1, * Patron dies
Et estet cum N'Ainermada ...e ...ella mori* ...
Z 472. * Travel
...e quant ella mori. el se rendet a Bragairac ...
P 427.7.11. * Poet abandons poetry
...e quant ella mori, ...laisset lo trobar e'l cantar.
XCIII Savaric De Malleo A, - Vida
Z U7I. * Place of origin
Savarics de Mauleon si fo uns rics baros de Peitieu ...
P 191.1. * Social status
Savarics de Mauleon si fo uns rics baros de Peitieu ... Seingner fo de ...mainz bons Iocs.
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Bels cavaliers fo e cortes et enseingnatz, e lares sobre totz los lares. Plus li plac dons e dompneis et amor e torneiament que ad home del mon, e de chanz e de solatz, e trobars e cortz e messios. Plus fo fins amics de domp nas e d'amadors que nuillz autres cavalliers e plus en- vejos de vezer bons homes e de far li plazer. E fo meil- ler guerrers que anc fos el mon.
P 427.7.15. * Poet lives adventurous life
Tal vez ne fo aventuros, e tal vez ne trobet dan.
P 427.7*7*3. * Poet wages war on royalty and nobility S totas las guerras qu'el ac foron con lo rei de Fransa e con la soa gen.
V * Performance of good deeds
B dels sieus bons faichs se poria far un gran libre, qul lo volgues escrlre ...d'el que mais fez de bons faichs d'ome qu'eu anc vis ni auzis, e plus n'avia voluntat de far.
\i 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...ac plus en si d'umelitat e de merce e de franquessa .
XCIII Savaric De Malleo B. - Razo
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
Be1us dis d'En Savaric que be fon sel qu'era ...
0.1. * Favorable qualities
...era razitz de tota la cortezia dal mon; en totz bos fatz c'om puesca pessar de bon home, el fon cap maystre de totz.
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
Et avia amada et onrada lone tems una dona gentil de Gascuenha, ma dona Guillerma de Benaujatz, molher que fo d'En P. de Gavaret, qu'era vescoms de Beraumes ...
P 210. Husband and wife
...ma dona Guillerma de Benaujatz, molher que fo d'En P. de Gavaret, qu'era vescoms de Beraumes e senher de San Macari e de Lengo.
T 75*0.7. * Lady deceives lover
Mot longamen lo paget esta dona ab sas folas promessas et ab bels mandamens, e joyas donan; e mantas ves fes lo venir de Peytieus en Gascuenha per mar e per terra; e cant era vengutz, gen lo sabia enganar ab falsas razos que no'l fazia plazer d'amor.
T 9.5. * Love blinds
Et el era'n tan enamoratz que no'n conoysia l'engan; ..
T 75.0.7.1. * Deceived lover enlightened by friends 2 ^ 8
•••mas sos amics d'el li deron ad entendre l'engan, e mostreron li una dona de Gascuenha qu'era comtessa de Manchac ..•
P 210. Husband and wife
•••una dona de Gascuenha qu'era comtessa de Manchac e molher d'Sn Guiraut de Manchac, •••
W 0,1, * Favorable qualities
•••joves e bela et avinens, e deziroza de pretz •••
T 11.1. Love from mere mention or description
...deziroza de ...vezer En Savaric, per lo be qu'en auzia dire,
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
En Savaric, can vi la dona, azautet li mot a meravilhas e preget la d'amor.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
E la dona, per la gran valor que vi en el, retenc lo per son cavayor, e dot li jorn qu'el vengues a leys per penre so qu'el demandava,
Z L72. * Travel
Et el parti s'en mot alegres, e pres comjat e tornet s'en a Peytieus.
T 92,0.L. * Jealous lady plans recovery of dismissed
lover
E non tarzet gayre que ma dona Na Guillerma ben avia sauput lo fag, •..Adonc fon mot giloza e trista, car no l'ac retengut; e fes far sas letras e sos mans e sas sa- lutz aytan caramen co saup ni poc, e mandet a'N Savaric que al jorn que l'avia dat la comtessa de Manchac que vengues ad ela a furt a Benaujas, per aver d'ela tot son plazer.
P k25»kt * Scribe identifies himself
E sapias per ver que ieu, Uc de San Sire, •••
P ^25»5»1» * Scribe offers himself as source 259
E sapias per ver que ieu, Uc de San Sire, que ay escri- chas estas razos, fuy lo mesatje que lay aniey e'l portey totz los mans e'ls oscrisz.
\'I 0,1. * Eavorable qualities
•,,lo prebost de Limotges, qu'era valens horns et ensenhatz • • •
A * Literary criticism
...lo prebost de Limotges, qu'era •••bos trobayres,
T 99«6.3. * Help sought for casuistry problem
En Savaric, per far a luy honor, li mostret tot lo fag ... e'N Savaric dis al prebost que li'n demandes en chantan, e que li'n partis tenso a la cal d'estas doas devia anar al jorn que li avian donat.
Z 10,3* Transition formulas
E'l prebost comes lo e dis:
XCIII Savaric De Halleo C, - Razo
Z 1*72. * Travel
En Savaric do Halleo fo vengutz a Benaujatz •••
T 29.3. * Poet falls in love
•••fo vengutz a Benaujatz per vezer la vescomtessa ma dona Na Guillerma, et el entendia en ela; •••
T 38.5 . * Three suitors, competitors unawares,
meet with their lady
En Savaric de Halleo fo vengutz a Benaujatz per vezer la vescomtessa ..,e trays ab luy N 1Elias Rudel, senher de Bragairac, e'N Jaufre Rudelh de Blaya, Totz tres la pregavo d'amor; et, enans c'ayso fos, el'avia cascun tongut per son cavayer; e l'us non o sabia de 1 *autre.
T 38.6, * Lady woos three suitors simultaneously,
each unaware of attentions to other two
Cascus d'els la esgardava amorozamen; et ela, •••comenset ad esgardar En Jaufre Rudelh de Blaya amorozamen, ...et 2 6 0 a N'Elias Rudelh de Bregayrac pres la man, et estrels la’l fort amorozamen; et a mossenh' En Savaric causiget lo pe, rizen e sospiran. Negus non conoc lo plazer l1un de l'au- tre, entro qu'en foron partit; ...
T 38.2. * Lady's triple deception discovered
Negus non conoc lo plazer l'un de l 1autre, entro qu1en foron partit; qu'En Jaufre Rudelh o dis a'N Savaric com la dona I 1avia esgardat; e N 1Elias dis o del ma.
T 38.3* * Lady's triple deception saddens poet
En Savaric, cant auzi que a cascun avia fag aital plazer, fo'n dolens; e de so que fon ad el fag non parlet, ...
T 99*8. * Casuistry of love
••.mas apelet Gaucelra Fayzit e N'Ugo de la Bacalayria, e si lur dis en una cobla al cal avia fag may de plazer ni d 1amor.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
S la cobla del deman comessa:
XCIV Sordel A. - Version
Z 1*71. * Place of origin
Lo Sordels si fo de Sirier de Hantoana ...
2 2*1*1. * Parentage
Lo Sordels si fo ...fills d'un paubre cavallier que avia non sier El Cort.
J 0. Acquisition of knowledge
E deletaise en cansons aprendre et en trobar ...et apres tot so qu'el pot ... tf 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...e briguet con los bons homes de cort ...
A ll*6^.4. * Literary criticism
E deleitaise en cansons aprendre et en trobar ...e fez cobias e sirventes. 261
Z 1*72. * Travel
E venc s'en a la cort del comte de San Bonlfacl •••
P 91* * Royalty and nobility honor poet
E venc s'en la cort del comte de San Bonifaci; e'l corns l'onret molt.
T 29#3» * Poet falls in love
E s'enamoret de la moiller del comte, a forma de solatz, et ella de lui.
P 263.1. * Brothers-in-law cause estrangement
of husband and wife
Et avenc si que'l corns estet mal con los fraires d'ella, e si s'estraniet d'ella.
T 2^9.3. * Wife allows poet to abduct her
E sier Icellis o sier Albrics, li fraire d'ella, si la feirent envolar al comte a sier Sordel ...
T 2^9.3.1. * Unfaithful wife and lover granted refuge
E sier Icellis e sier Albrics, li fraire d'ella, si la feirent envolar al comte a sier Sordel; et s'en venc estar con lor ...
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...et estet longa sason con lor en gran benanansa.
Z ^72. * Travel
E pois s'en anet en Proensa ...
W ^5 .2. * Honor bestoxfed on poet
...s'en anet en Proensa, on il recoup grans honors de totz los bos homes, e del comte e de la comtessa ...
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
...el comte e ...la comtessa ...li deron un bon castel e moillier gentil.
T 101. * Poet marries 262
•••el comte ...e la comtessa ...ll deron •••mollller gentil.
XCIV Sordel B. - Version
Z 1*71. * Place of origin
Sordels si fo de Hantoana, d'un castol que a nom Got ...
It 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Sordels si fo ••.gentils catanis, E fo avinens de la persona . ..e grans amaire •••
V/ 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
...mas mout fo truans e fals vas dompnas e vas los barons ab cui el estava.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Et entendet se en ma dompna Conissa ...
P 250. Brothers and sisters
Et entendet se en ma dompna Conissa, sor de ser Aicelin e de ser Albric de Romans ...
P 210. Husband and wife
...ma dompna Conissa ...era moiller del comte de Saint Bonifaci, ab cui el estava.
T 21*9*3. * Uife allows poet to abduct her
E por voluntat de miser Aicelin, el emblet ma dompna Conissa, e menet la'n via.
Z 1*72. * Travel
E pauc apres et el s'en anet en Cenedes, ad un castel d'aqels d'Estras, de ser I-Ienric e de ser Guillem e d'En Valpertin, q'eron mout siei amic ...
T 101.3. * Clandestine marriage of poet
...et esposet una soa seror celadamens, que avia nom Otha • • •
Z 1*72. * Travel ...e venc s’en puois a Trevis.
T 101.1.1. * Clandestine marriage brings threat
of danger to poet
E qand aqel d ’Estras lo saup, si li volia offendre de la persona, e'il amic del comte de Sain Bonifaci eissamens •
T 101.1.2. * Poet talces precautions against threats
of lady's family
...eon el estava armatz sus en la casa de miser Aicelin; e qand el anava per la terra, el cavalgava en bos des triers ab granda compaignia de cavalliers,
Z h72. * Travel
E per paor d'aicels qe'il volion offendre, el se partic, et anet s'en en Proenssa.
R 227*5* * Poet flees to escape threats of violenc
E per paor d'aicels qe'il volion offendre, el se partic .
P 601. * . Custom of literary patronage
Et estot ab lo comte de Proenssa.
T 29*3* * Poet falls in love
Et amet una gentil dompna e bella de Proenssa ...
Z 183. Symbolic names
...et apellava la en los sieus chantars, que el fazia per lieis, "Doussa-Enemia" ...
T 29.3*2, * Poet composes poems about his lady
...et apellava la en los sieus chantars, que el fazia per lieis ...
A 1^64,4. * Literary criticism
...el fetz maintas bonas chansso s.
XCV Tibors (NA)
Z tyl, * Place of origin 26b
Na Tibors si era una dompna de Proensa, •••
Z 1*71.1. * Place of origin by reference
Na Tibors si era ...de Proensa, d'un castel d'En Blancatz qe a nom Sarenom.
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities
Cortesa fo et enseignada, avinens e fort maistra; ...
J 112^.1. * Clever lady composes poetry
...e saup trobar.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
E fo enamorada e fort amada per amor, ...
\i b$,2. * Honor bestowed on poet
...per totz los bons homes d'aqela encontrada fort honra- da, ... P 50.i*.l. * Poet feared
...per totas las valens dompnas mout tensuda e mout obedida.
Z 10,3. Transition formulas
E fetz aqestas cobias e mandet las al seu amador:
T 29,b.0.1. * Lady in love writes poem to lover
E fetz aqestas cobias e mandet las al seu amador:
Z 183. Symbolic names
Bels dous amics, ...
P ^27.7.7 «2.0 , * Poet sings declaration of love
Bels dous amics, ben vos puosc en ver dir
Pos vos conuc ni'us pris per fin aman;
Ni anc no fo, si vos n'anes iratz, Q' eu agues joi, tro qe fosetz tornatz;
XCVI Tornier E Palazi 265
M 57* * Judgment of fellow man by poet
Tomiers e'N Palazis si fasian sirventes dol roi d 1Aragon o dol comto do Tolosa o d'aquel del Baust e do las rasons que corian per Proenssa.
P 191.1. * Social status
Tomiers e'N Palazis ••.foron dui cavallier ...
Z U71. * Place of origin
Tomiers e*N Palazis ...foron ...do Tarascon ...
\1 45.2. * Honor bestowed on poet
E foron dui cavallier de Tarascon, amat e ben volgut per los bons cavalliers e per las dompnas.
XCVXI Uc De La Bacalaria
Z 1*71. * Place of origin
X ’Ucs do la Bacalaria si fo de Limozi ...
Z 1*71.1. * Place of origin by reference
K'Ucs de la Bacalaria si fo de Limozi, de la on fo G-au- selms Faiditz.
P 191.1. * Social status
N ’Ucs de la Bacalaria si fo ...joglars ...
P 1*83.2. * Proveneal joglar evaluated
Joglars fo de pauc valor ...e pauc fo conogutz.
Z 1*72. * Travel
H'Ucs de la Bacalaria ...pauc anet ...
A 11*61*.1*. * Literary criticism
E si fez de bonas cansos e fetz un bon descort o de bonas tensos.
¥ 0.1. * favorable qualities
E fo cortos hom, ben adreichs e ben enseingnatz. I
2 6 6
XCVIII Uc Brunet
Z 471. * Place of origin
N'Uc Brunecs si fo de la ciutat de Rodes, qu'es de la seingnoria del comte de Tolosa •••
P 191.1. * Social status
N ’Uc Brunecs si fo ...clerges •••
J 0. Possession of knowledge
•••et enparet ben letras, e de trobar fo fort suptils, e de sen natural •••
P 191.2, * Social status changes
•••fo clerges •••e fez se joglars •••
A * Literary criticism
•••c trobet cansos bonas, mas non fetz sons.
P 91,1, * Royalty and nobility admit poet to
their company
E brigot com lo rei d'Arragon e com lo comte de Tolosa e com lo comte de Rodes, lo sieu seingnor, e com Bernart d'Andusa e com lo Dalfin d'Alverne.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Et entendet se en una borgosa d'Orlac, queavia nom ma dompna Galiana ...
T 75, Han scorned by his beloved
•••mas ella no'l vole amar ni retener, ni far negun plazer; e fez son drut lo comte de Rodes, e dot comjat a N'Uc Brunec,
T 75»5»1« * Scorned lover becomes a religious
Dont N'Uc Brunecs, per la dolor qu'el n'ac, se rendet on l'ordre do Cartosa •••
Z ^73* * Death of poet
N-Uc Brunecs •••so rendet en l'ordre de Cartosa; e lai el definet. 267
XCIX Uc De Ilataplana
P 191.1. * Social status
Aqestas novellas foron auzidas per totas aqelas encon- tradas, loing o pres, et avonc a saber ad un valen baron de Cataloina, qe avia non N'Uget de Ilataplana ...
Z U?1. * Place of origin
...et avenc a saber ad un valen baron de Cataloina ...
V 0.1. * Favorable qualities
...un valen baron de Cataloina, qe avia nom N'Uget de Ilataplana ...era mout adreichz ...
A 146^.JJ-. * Literary criticism
...N'Uget do Ilataplana ...era bons trobaire ...
H 11.1.5, * Identification by reference
...un valen baron do Cataloina, qe avia nom N'Uget de Ilataplana, q'era ...mout amics de Iliraval.
P 310.0,. * Friends
...N'Uget do Ilataplana, q'era ...mout amics de Iliraval.
Z 10.3. Transition formulas
S si'n fetz aqest sirvontes qc ditz:
C Uc Do Pena
2 Jj-71* * Place of origin
Ugo do Pona si fo d'Agenes, d'un castel que a nom Ilon- messat ...
Z bUl, * Parentage
Ugo de Pena si fo ...fils d'un mercadier.
P 191.2. * Social status changes
Ugo de Pena ...fez se joglars ...
P ^83.2. * Provenfal joglar evaluated 268
E fez so joglars; e cantet ben, e saup gran ren de las autrui cansos; e sabia molt las generasios dels grans homes d'aquellas encontradas •••
P if-83.1. * Proven9al joglar composes poetry
E fez so joglars . ..o fetz cansos,
II 9»1»1» * Gambling poet loses everything in taverns
Grans baratiers fo de jogar o d'estar on taverna; per que ades fo paubros e ses arnos.
Z k72. * Travel
Ugo do Pena si fo d'Agenes ...E venc so a l'Isla en Venaissi en Proenssa,
T 101, * Poet marries
E venc so amoillerar a l'Isla on Venaissi on Proenssa,
Cl Uc Do Saint Circ A, - Vida
Z if-71, * Place of origin
Il'Ucs do Saint Circ si fo de Caersi, d'un bore quo a non Tegra, ...
Z If-if-1. * Parentage
il'Ucs do Saint Circ si fo ...fils d'un paubro vauvasor quo ac non II'Arman do Saint Circ, ...
A 1577* Origin of personal names
...fils d'un paubro vauvasor quo ac nom II'Arman de Saint Circ, per so que'l castols don ol fo a nom Saint Circ, ...
Z if-71.1. * Place oforigin by roforence
...per so que'l castels don el fo a nom Saint Circ, qu'os al po de Sainta I-Iaria de Rocanajor, que fo destruich per guorra e dorrocatz.
P 251. Brothers
Aquost Il'Ucs si ac gran ren de fraires majors de se.
P 251.5*7»1» * Brothers v/ant to educate brother 269
E volgron lo far clerc, o manderon lo a la scola a Mon- poslier.
P 251.5 .7 .2 . * Brother studies poetry rather than
academic subjects
E quant ill cuideront qu'el ampares letras, el amparet cansos e vers e sirventes e tensos e cobias, o’Is faich o'Is dich dels valens homes e de las valens domnas que eron al non, ni eron ostat; ...
P 191*2. * Social status changes
...e con aquel saber ol s'ajoglari.
J 0. Acquisition of knowledge
E'l corns do Rodos e'l vescoms de Torena si'l leverent molt a la joglaria, com las tensos e com las cobias que feiren com lui, e'l bons Dalfins d'Alverne.
P 191.1. * Social status
Et estot lone temps en Gascoingna paubres, cora a pe, cora a caval.
Z ^72. * Travel
Et estet lone tonps on Gascoingna ...Lone temps estet com la contessa de Bonaujas, ...Et lone temps ...en Peitieu et en las soas encontradas, pois en Cataloingna et on Arragon et en Espaingna, ...e pois en Proenssa, ... pois en Lombardia et en la I-Iarcha.
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage
Lone temps estet com la comtessa de Benaujas, e per leis gazaingnet l'amistat d'En Savaric de llaleon, lo cals lo mes en arnes et en roba. Et estet lone temps com el ... com lo bon rei Anfos e com lo roi Amfos de Lion o com lo rei Peire d'Arragon; o pois on Proenssa, com totz los barons, .
T 101, * Poet marries
E tolc moillor ••.
2 Ijlu. * Parentage
E tolc moillor e fez onfans. 270
J 152.7• * Knowledge exchanged - learned and taught
G-ran ren anparet de l'autrui saber e voluntiers l'en- seingnet ad autrui.
A 1^6^.i|-« * Literary criticism
Cansos fez de fort bonas e de bos sons e de bonas cobias; mas non fez gaires de las cansos, quar non fo fort enamoratz de neguna; mas ben se saup feingner enamoratz ad ellas ab son bel parlar. E saup ben dire en las soas cansos tot so que*ill avenia de lor, e ben las saup levar e ben far cazer.
P 1*27,7,11* * Poet abandons poetry
Has pois qu'el ac moiller non fetz cansos.
Cl Uc De Saint Circ Q. - Razo
P ^25.1. * Scribal text reference
N'Uc de Sain Circ qi fo ni don ben l'avez auzit.
T 29.3* * Poet falls in love
Et si anava una dompna d'Andutz, qe avea nom ma dompna Clara.
\'I 0,1. * Favorable qualities
Ilout fo adrecha et onsenhada et avinenz e bella; et auc gran volontat de pretz et d'esser auzida loing e pres, et d'aver l'amistat et la domestighessa de las bonas dompnas et dels valonz homes.
P ^27.7.23. * Poet advances lady
Et N'Uc conoc la volontat d 1ella et saup li bon servir d'aiso q'ella plus volia; qe non ac bona dompna en totas aqellas encontradas con qal ell non fezes qe l'agues amor et domostigessa, et no'ill fezes mandar letras et salutz et joias, per acordansa et per honor. Et N'Uc be fasia las lettras de las responsions qe convenian a far a las dompnas dels plasers q'ellas li mandavan.
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated
Et ella soufria a N'Uc los precs et 1'entendimen, e'll promes de far plaser ondreit d'amor.
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady 271
Et Il'Ucs fetz mantas bonas chansos d'ella, pregan leis et lausan sa valor et sa beutat,
A 1^6^,^. * Literary criticism
Et Il'Ucs fetz mantas bonas chansos d'ella, •••
T 29.3.2.1, * Lady gladly accepts poet's efforts
Et ella si s'abelli r.iout de las chansos qe N'Uc fasia de leis.
T 9.6.1. * Nature of love
Loncs temps durot lor amors; et mantas guorras et mantas patz foron entre lor, si com s'ave d'amors on amadors.
P 319.12. * Neighbors
Et ella avia una vizina mout bella, qe avia nom ma dompna Ponsa.
U 0.1. * favorable qualities llout era cortosa et ensegnada; ...
N 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
.*.et ac gran cnvcja a ma dompna Clara del protz et do l'henor qe N'Uc li avia facha gasagnar; ...
T 29.13. * Lady plans to steal another's suitor
...si so penset et penet con poguos faire q'ella tolgues N'Uc de la soa amistat et traes lo a si.
T 29.13.1. * Lady uses falsehood to steal suitor
Et mandet per N'Uc, et det li a entendre qe ma dompna Clara avia autre amador a cui ella volia miel qe a lui, • • •
T 69.6. * Love doclared
...et promos de far et de dir so qe a N'Uc plagues.
■i 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities
N'Uc, si com sol qe non fo ferms ni lials a neguna qe vas autra part volontier non s'en percases, et per so qe gran mal 1'avia dit de ma dompna Clara, et per bel 272 sorablant q'ella li fasia, et per lo gran plazer q'ella li promotia, si se parti malemen de raa dompna Clara, et comonset a maldir d ella et lausar ma dompna Ponsa.
T 71»3« * Scorned woman is angered and disdainful
Ila dompna Clara fo mout irada, et ac gran dosdeng, qe non s'en clanet ni rancurot d'oll.
T 75«°«7» * Lady deceives lover
Longa sason estet N'Uc amics de ma dompna Ponsa, attenden 10 ben e'ls plagers q'olla li avia promes; et ella no'll fetz nogun, anz li mermet chascun dia los bels acuillimenz q'ella solia far. Et N'Uc qant vi qe aisi era engannatz, mout fo dolonz ot iratz.
T 51, Uooing by emissary
Et anot s'en a una amiga do ma dompna Clara, et moustret 11 touta l'acaison per q'el s'era loingnatz de ma dompna Clara. St progot la, aisi caramen com el poc, q'ella de- guos corcar la patz ontre ma dona Clara et lui, et far si q'ella li deguos rondre grazia et bona volontat. Et ella li promos de far tot so qo'll em poria far de bon.
T 51.if-. * Emissary succeeds
Et ella dis tant a ma dompna Clara ot la pregot q'olla promos do far la patz con N'Uc. Et si ordeneren qe N'Uc fos a parlamon con lor doas; et si fo el, et fetz la patz mout amorousamen.
2 10,3. Transition formulas
Et d'aqosta raiso si fo facha aqosta chanson qo dis:
T 29.9»1» * Poot sings of reconciliation
Et soi tornat sa on deuria Trobar franchessa et honor Et loal cor d'una color.
Cl Uc Do Saint Circ C. - Razo
T 29.3» * Poot falls in love
N'Ucs do Saint Circ si amava una dompna do Trovisana, qe avia nom dompna Stazailla, o si la servi e la honoret de lausor o do proz, ... 273
A 1 * Literary criticism
. *.e foz do bonas chansos d'ella ...
T 29.1.1# * Love reciprocated
...ot olla rocebia on grat l 1amor e'l prec e l'entendemen e'l ben dich de lui, e'l dis do grans plaisers, e'il pro- nes mains bens plasens.
T 29.6.0, * Lady wants all whosee her to want her
Has olla si fo una dompna qo vole qe tuich l'omo qe la viren, qe fosson d'onor e do be, entondossen en ella ...
T 29.6.1. * Lady accepts attentions of many but
reciprocates with few
...et a totz soffri los precs o los entendemens, e a totz prometia plasers a far ot a dire; e si'n fez a parecle.
T 29.3. * Lovers quarrol
Il'Ucs si'n fo gellos d'aiso q'en vi o q'en ausi, e venc a guerra ot a moscla cum ella .•.
T 29.7. * Lady does not fear evil tongues
...olla ora una dompna qo no tenia blasme ni rumor ni maldit. Gran guerra li fez longa saison, et ella pauc la prosava.
T 75*0.^. * Rejected suitor long awaits reconciliation
E Il'Ucs atendia tot dia q'ella queris patz e concordia, e q'el entres en tal raison cum olla q'cl en fesos una chanson avinen.
T 75*3. Unrequited love expressed in poem
E vi qe no'il venia, e'l en fez de la raison q'el avia une chanson ...
2 10.3* Transition formulas
...en foz do la raison q'el avia une chanson qe diz: AN
INDEX OF THE MOTIFS
FOUND IN THE
VIDAS AND RAZOS OF THE TROUBADOURS
FOLLOWS
THE MOTIFS ARE ARRANGED IN ALPHABETICAL AND NUMERICAL
SEQUENCE ACCORDING TO THE OUTLINE THAT APPEARS ON
PAGES TEN THROUGH FOURTEEN
FOLLOWING THE CLASSIFICATION NUMBER AND DESCRIPTION OF
EACH MOTIF IS A LIST OR ROMAN NUMERALS INDICATING ALL
OF THE VIDAS AND RAZOS IN WHICH IT IS FOUND
WHEN THERE IS MORE THAN ONE VIDA OR RAZO FOR A GIVEN
TROUBADOUR THE LETTERS THAT FOLLOW THE ROMAN NUMERALS
REFER TO THE SPECIFIC VERSION INTENDED IN EACH CASE
CLASSIFICATION NUMBERS FOLLOWED BY AN ASTERISK ARE THOSE
ASSIGNED BY THE AUTHOR TO MOTIFS THAT WERE NOT FOUND IN
THE STITH THOMPSON MOTIF-INDEX OF FOLK-LITERATURE
27^ 2 75
A 1150.2. * Spring inspires poets XXXVI
A 1298. * Creation of woman from borrowed qualitiess
XVII.D
A l46U.if. * Literary criticisms I, II, III.A, V,
VI, VII, X.A, XI.A, XI.B, XII, XIII,
XIV.A, XIV.B, XV.A, XV.B, XVI, XVII.A,
XVII.B, XIX, XX, XXII, XXIV, XXV, XXVII,
XXVIII, XXIX, XXX, XXXI.A, XXXI.B, XXXII,
XXXIII, XXXIV.A, XXXIV.C, XXXV, XXXVI,
XXXVII, XXXVIII.A, XXXVIII.C, XXXIX,
XL, XIII, XLIII.A, XLIII.B, XLIII.D,
XLIV, XLV, XLVI.H, XLVI.R, XLVIII, XUX.C.H,
XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D, L, LI, LEI, LIII, LV,
LVII.A, LVIII, LIX, LX, LXI, LXII.A,
LXIII, LXIV.A, LXIV.B, LXVI, LXVII, LXIX,
LXX, LXXI, LXXII, LXXIII, LXXV, LXXVI,
LXXVTI, LXXVIII.A, LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b,
LXXX.A, LXXXI, LXXXII.A, LXXXIII, LXXXIV.A.a,
LXXXIV.D, LXXXVI .B, LXXXVII.A, LXXXVII.B,
LXXXVII.C, LXXXVII.D, XC.A, XCI, XCII,
XCIII.B, XCIV.A, XCIV.B, XCVII, XCVIII,
XCIX, Cl.A, CI.B, CI.C
A 1 If 6^.1*.1. Indirect literary criticisms VI, XXXI,B,
XXXVIII.A, LXXXVIII
A 1^85.1. * Dating by references XIV.A, XVII.A,
XVII.G, XVII.I, XVII.J, XVII.Q, XVII.S, 276
XVII.T, XXVIII.C, XLIII.D, L, LXIV.A,
LXVII, LXXVIII.C, LXXXVII.E
A 1577. Origin of personal names: XXIIt XXIV, XXX, LXIV.B, XI.B, LXXVIII.A, Cl.A, XVIII,
LXXXVII.B
A 1577.1. * Origin of symbolic names: XIV.C, XVII.S,
LVII.A, LXXVIII.C, LXXXIV.A.b
D 1. * Transformation by magic sought: LV
D 599.1. * Transformation by prayer and good deeds
promised: LV
D 599.1.1. * Promised transformation fails: LV
D 1291.2.1. Sign in stars as portent: XVII.N
E il-78. * Death of lady rejected by lover: LV
H 11.1.5. * Identification by reference: I, IX, XI.B,
XVII.D, XVII.E, XVII.0, XVII.R, XVIII,
XXXIV.B, XXXIV.C, LVII.A, LVII.D, LXIV.A,
LXVIII, LXXXIV.B, LXXXV, LXXXVI.B, XCIX
H 359.3. * Suitor test: obscene task imposed: LXXXV
H 992. * Poet performs tasks assigned: LXVI
H 1556. Fidelity in love tested: LXXXII.B
J 0. Acquisition or possession of knowledge
or wisdom: III.A, IV, X.A, XII, XVII.F,
XXII, XXVIII, XXIX, XXXIII, XXXVI, XL,
LVII.A, LXV, LXVII, LXXI, LXXV, LXXVI,
LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXVI.A, LXXXVII.A, LXXXVII.B,
LXXXVII.D, XCIV.A, XCVIII, Cl.A 2 77
J 152. 1. * Knowledge exchanged! learned and
taught! Cl.A
J 229. L5« * Choice! half a love better than none!
XIV.D
J 1115 .10.3. * Clever poet: XXXI.B
J 1115 .11. * Clever burgher composes poetry! LXXXVIII
J 1115 .12. * Clever nobleman composes poetry: XXXIX,
LXXIII, LXXXV, LXXXIX, XXVI, XXVIII.C
J 1115 .13. * Clever nobleman regains lost wealth:
XXVIII
J 112k .1. * Clever lady composes poetry! XCV
K 1818 , Disguise by feigning illness: III.Q
K 1818 .0. * Disguise by feigning illness used to
reach beloved: III.Q
IC 1818 .0.1. * Lovers meet as result of disguise as
sick man: III.B
K 1818 ,0.2. * Disguise as sick man wins lover ten day
stay in beloved's home! III.B
K 2001 , * Hypocritical women deceive poets LXXXVII.A
K 2059 . * Lady feigns charitable concern to kiss
disguised lover: III.B
K 2252 , Treacherous maidservant: XIV,C
H 57. ' Judgment of fellow man by poet: XV.B,
XXXI.B, XXXV, XXXVII, XLV, XLVTII, LIII,
LVII.G, LXX, LXXII, XCVI, XXVIII.C,
XXVIII.B, XXVIII.D, LXXI, LXVII, XVII.H, 278
XVII.C, XVII,P, XVII.R
M 57*0. * Judgment accepted: XXVIII.C
M 57.1. * Foot judged by fellow man: LIt LXXVII,
LXXX.B.b, XXVI, XXVIII.B, XXVIII.D,
XLIII.D, LXXXVII.A, XVII.P, XVII.N
M 58. * Judgment of lady who deceives: LXXXVII.C
M 297* * Reciprocal conditional love promise:
XVII.F
M 297*1• * Reciprocal love promise to be dissolved:
XVII.F
N 9.1.1. * Gambling poet loses everything in
taverns: LI, C
N 103. * Luclc and fate guide poet: XI.A
N 103.1. * Fickleness of luck and fate: LXXXVII.B
N 131.3.2. * Death brings bad luck: LXXX.B.a
N 138. * Poet's luck changes: XVII.0, XXXVIII.A,
LXXX.B.b, LXXXVII.E
N 188. * Husband stops by chance where faithless
wife has fled: XL
N 189. * Chance allows faithless wife to be encoun
tered by husband seeking another woman:
XL
N 189.1. * Chance meeting of faithless couple
shames both: XL
N 203. Lucky person: LXXX.A
N 251. Person pursued by misfortune: XXXVIII.A 279
N 256.2. * Unlucky lover: XXXIV*C
P 12.5.2. * King wages wart XVII.S, XXVIII.B, XVII.H,
XVII.M, XVII.Q
P 12.5.2.0. * Royal friend appears before castle of
besieged poett XVII.M
P 12.5*2.0.1. * Royal friend asks provisions of poett
XVII.M
P 12.5*2.0.2. * King accuses poet of folly: XVII.M
P 12.5.2.1. * King entices nobles to become his alliest
XXVIII.E
P 12.5.2.1.0. * Allies t XVII.Q
P 12.5.2.1.0.1. * Allies paid to commit treason: XVII.Q
P 12.5.2.1.0.2. * King blames poet for war: XVII.M
P 12.5.2.2. * King asks help of allies he abandoned:
XXVIII.E
P 12.5.2.2.0. * King threatens nobles: XVII.U, XVII.M
P 12.5*2.3* * King abandoned by nobles he betrayed:
XXVIII.E
P 12.5.2.1*. * King seeks vengeance on nobles via poem:
XXVIII.E
P 12.5.2.4.0. * King conquers revolted nobles: XVIII
P 12.5.2.4.1. * King makes prisoners of conquered nobles:
XVIII, XVII.M
P 12.5.2.4.2. * King punishes conquered nobles: XVIII
P 12.5.2.4.4. * Escaped prisoner fights enemies of king
who made peace with him: XVIII 280
P 12 >5«2.5* * King's poem is answered by nobles who
remind him of his misdeedst XXVIII«E
P 12 .5*3* * King makes peace with brothers XVII.K
P 12 >5«3*1« * King makes peace and abandons allies:
XVII.K, XXVIII.E
P 12 >5*3«2. * Kings make peaces XXVIII.E, XVII.Q
P 12 >5*3*2.1. * Peace efforts between kings fails
XVII.R, XVII.Q
P 12 ,5.3.2.2. * King imposes peace conditionss XVII.Q
P 12 ,5.4. * King supports son, unsuccessful con
tender for crowns XVII«K
P 12 .5*4.3. * King makes peace with escaped prisoners
XVIII
P 12 .5.5* * Royal brothers contrasteds XVII«K
P 12 .9. Nobility of character a mark of kingss
LXXXVII.B
P 12 .15. * King dies in battles LXXX.B.b, LXXXVII.E
P 12 .16. * King avenges death of lovers: XLIX.B
P 12 .17* * King is jealous: XI.B
P 12 .17.1. * Jealous king causes lover's dismissal:
XI. B
P 13 >5*2. King is crowned at Romes IX, XVII.M
P 14 .12.1. * King has poet robbed: LVII.F
P 14 .12.1.1. * King usurps castles XVII.P
P 14 ,12.1.2. * King steals allies' ransoms XVII.P
P 14 .12.1.3* * King retains choice of booty: LVII.F 281
P Ilf.12.1.3. . * King distributes remaining booty: LVII.F
P 14.12.1.4. * King sells murderers to avengersi XVII.P
P 14.12.1.5. King allows man to be killed: XVII.P
P 14.12.1.6. * King betrays friend: XVII.M
P 14.12.1.7. * King's betrayal discovered: XVII.M
P 14.12.1.8. * King sues for peace out of cowardice:
XVII.Q
P 14.24. * King marries poems: XVII.B
P 14.25. * King mourns son: XVII.B
P 14.25.1. * King mourns his son and restores poet
his wealth and position in son's name:
XVII.M
P 14.26. * King instructs sister to welcome poet:
XVII.G
P 14.26.1. * Sister carries out king's instructions:
XVII.G
P 14.27. * King encloses rivaling poets in separate
rooms: X.B
P 15.2. King demands subject's wife for himself:
XVIII
P 15.2.1. King carries off subject's wife and
makes her his own: XVIII
P 15.2.1 .0. King cannot bear separation from wife:
XVIII
P 15.2.2. * Husband of stolen wife plans overthrow
of robber king: XVIII 282
P 15 ,3*1• * King loses kingdom to another king!
XXXIV.E
P 15 ,3.2. * King's conquered kingdom preyed upon! XXXIV.S
P 15 ,3*2.1. * King's conquered lands retaken while he
remains constantly with his wife! XVIII
P 15 >3*3* * Conquered king dispatches pleas for
help! XXXIV.S
P 15 >9* * King imprisoned! XVII.T
P 15 ,9*1* * King released from prison: XVII.U
P 15 ,10. * King ransomed! XVII.T
P 15 ,11. * Poet selfishly rejoices over king's
release: XVII.T
P 16 ,6.1. * King mourned: XVII*L, LVII.E
P 16 ,10. * King dies while traveling: IX( XVII.M
P 17 ,0.2. Son succeeds father as king: IX
P 17 ,8.1. * Kingship goes to brother at death of
king: XVIII
P 17 .14. * King is first one: IX, XVII.M
P 17 ,15* * Poet's claim to succession to throne:
LXXVTII.A
P 18 . Marriage of kings: XIV.A
P 19 • 6. * King eulogized by poet: XVII.L
P 19 >7* * King and poet are friends: XVII;L, XXXIV.E
P 19 *7*1* * King's family resents his friends: XVII.L
P 39 , * Prince robs: XLVII 283
P 39*1* * Robber prince seized: XLVII
P 50*3* * Count served by poet: LVI
P 50.U. * Noblemen fear poet: LIII, LXIV.B
P 50.U.1. * Poet feared: XCV, XVII.Q
P 50*5* * Nobles rejoice over war: XVII.S
P 50.5*0. * Nobles welcome war song of poet: XVII.R
P 50.5*0.1. * Nobleman appreciates poet's work: LXXVIII.-
B.b
P 50.5*1* * Nobles threaten king: XVII.U
P 50.6. * Nobles grieve lost cause: XVII.K( XXVIII.S
P 50.6.1. * Nobles displeased by peaoe settlement:
XXVIII. B, XVII.N, XVII.Q
P 50.7* * Noblemen recover lands: LXXX.B.b. XVII.U
P 50.8. ■* Nobles ask truce: XXVIII.E
P 50.8.1. * Nobles ask for aid promised: XXVIII.E
P 50.8.2. * Nobles sue for peace: XXVIII«E
P 91. * Royalty and nobility honor poet: I, III.A,
XXXIV.A, LVII.D, LXXV, XCIV.A, IXVI, LXVI
P 91.1. * Royalty and nobility admit poet to their
company: LVII.D, XCVIII, LXXX.B.b, LXVI,
LXXXVII.A
P 91*1*0. * Royalty and nobility forgive poet:
XVII.0, XVII.J
P 91.1*1* * King makes peace with poet: XVII.T, XVII.N
P 96. * Nobleman has poet robbed: LVII.G
P 191*1. * Social status: II, V, XI.A, XIII, XIV.A, XIV.B, XV.A, XVII.A, XVII.B, XVII.U,
XIX, XXIV, XXVIII, XXVIII.D, XXIX,
XXXI.A, XXXII, XXXIII, XXXV, XXXVI,
XXXVII, XXXVIII. P, XXXIX, XL, XLI, XLLI,
XLIII.A, XLV, XLVI.H, XLVI.R, XLVII,
XLVIII, XLIX.A, XLEX.B, XLIX.C.H,
XLEX.C.R, XLIX.D, L, U , LII, U I I , LIV,
LV, LVII.A, LVIII, LEX, LX, LXII.A, LXII.B
LXVI, LXVIII, LXIX, LXX, LXXI, LXXIII,
LXXIV, LXXVI, LXXVII, LXXVIII.A, LXXIX,
LXXX.A, LXXXI, LXXXII.A, LXXXIII,
LXXXIV.A.b, LXXXV, LXXXVI.A, LXXXVI.B,
LXXXVII.A, LXXXVLL.B, LXXXVIII, LXXXIX,
XC.A, XCI, XCIII.A, XCVI, XCVII, XCVIII,
XCIX, Cl.A
Social status changes: II, IV, VI, X.A,
XI.A, XV.A, XV.B, XVII.J, XXII, XXVIII.D,
XXX, XXXI.A, XXXII, XXXIV.A, XXXVIII.A,
XXXVIII.P, XL, XLLV, XLIX.D, L, LXVI,
LXXI, LXXV, LXXVI, LXXIX, LXXX.A, LXXXI,
LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXIV.A.b, LXXXIV.C, LXXXIV.D
XCII, XCVIII, C, Cl.A
Madmen: LXXXIV.A.b
Husband and wife: XI.A, XIV.A, XVII.D,
XVII.E, XVII.P, XVII.G, XVII.M, XVII.U,
XXIII, XXV, XXVII, XXVIII.B, XXXIV.B, 285
XXXIV.C, XXXVIII.C, XXXVIII.F, XLII,
XLVI.H, XLIX.A, XLIX.B, XLIX.C.H,
XUX.C.R, XLIX.D, LIV, LXI, LXXVIII.B.a,
LXXVIII.C, LXXIX, LXXXII.B, LXXXIII,
LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXVI.B, LXXXVII.B,
LXXXVTI.C, LXXXVII•D , XCIII.B, XCIV.B
P 21k .2. * Wife becomes heretic at news of
husband's death: LXXXVI.B
P 217 . * Wife larger than husband: XXXVIII.P
P 218 > * Husband and wife welcome poet:
LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b
P 233 Father and son: XVII.R
P 233 .12. * Father desires peace between sons: XVII.IC
P 233 .13* * Father leaves son wealthy: XXXIV.A
P 233 .1^. * Birthright passes to daughters due to
lack of son: LXXXIII, XVII.M
P 250 Brothers and sisters: XVII.G, LXXIX,
LXXXIV.A.a, XCIV.B, LXXXIV.B, LXXXVII.E,
XXXIV,B, XVII.E, XXXIV.B, LIV
P 250 ,2 . * Brother visits sisters: LXXXVII.E-
P 250 .2.0. * Brothers and sisters confidants: LXXIX
P 250 3* * Brother judges sister's actions: LXXIX
P 251, Brothers: XII, XVII.C, XVII.D, XVII.H,
XVII.J, XLII, XLEII.A, LXIII, LXXIII, Cl.A
P 251, 5.3. Hostile brothers: XVII.J, XVII.H, XVII.I,
XVII.N 286 p 251 ,5 .7 . * Poot evicts brother: XVII.H, XVII.N,
XVII.0 p 251 .5*7*0. * Brothers at war with nobles fear for
safety of their castle: LXII.B p 251 >5*7*0.1. * Two brothers in agreement: LXXIII, LXII.B p 251 .5*7*1* * Brothers want to educate brother: Cl.A p 251 .5*7*1*0. * Two brothers break mutual agreement:
LXII.B p 251 >5*7*2. * Brother studies poetry rather than
academic subjects: Cl.A p 251 >5*8. * Poot wars on brother: XVII.A, XVII.N p 251 .5*8.1. * Brother seeks allies against brother:
XVII.N p 251 >5*9* * Poet wishes to disinherit brother: XVII.N p 251 >5*10. * Brother stripped of possessions: XVII.I p 251 .5*10.1. * Disinherited brother regains inheritance:
XVII.N p 251 .5*11* * Brothers dispute inheritance: XVII.N p 251 .12. * Hostile brothers make peace: XVII.N p 251 .5*13* * Treacherous brother breaks peace: XVII.N p 251 .5*13*1* * Brother loses appeal of peace terms
to king: XVII.N p 251 .5*1^* * Brother remains hostile until death:
XVII.N p 251 .5*15* * Inheritance settled after death of one
hostile brother: XVII.N 287 P 252. SistersJ 12V.A, LXXXIV.B, XVII.D, XVII.E
P 259.5.9. * Poet wishes to disinherit brothers:
XVII. B
P 263.1. * Brothers-in-law cause estrangement of
husband and wife: XCIV.A
P 265. Son-in-law: LXXX.B.b
P 295. Cousins: XLIII.A, XLIII.C, XLIII.D,
XXVIII.E, XLIII,B, XLIII.B
P 297. Nephew: XVII.R
P 298. Niece: XLIII.B
P 310.0. * Friends: XXXVIII.C, XLVI.H, XLVI.R,
LXXXVII.B, XCIX
P 310.6. One friend dies shortly after the
other: XXXIV.A, LXXXVII.E
P 310.6.1. * Friends killed in war: LXXX.B.b
P 310.10. * Friendship results from opposition:
XV.B, XVII.J
P 319.9.2. * Friends strive to reanimate poet: XLIII.C
P 319.10. * Friend of poet is confidant: LIV, LXVIII,
XL, XVII.J
P 319.10.0. * Friend accompanies poet to lady: LXVIII,
XLVI.H, XLVI.R
P 319.10.0.1. * Royal friend of poet is confidant: III.B
P 319.10.1. * Friend and lady betray poet: LIV,
LXXXVII.B
P 319.10.1.0. * Noble friend orders subjects to help 2 8 8
poet: XVII.0
P 319 11. * Poet accuses friend of deserting: XLII
P 319 12. * Neighbors: CI.B P 3^0 Teacher and pupil: LXIV.B
P h25 Scribe: LXXI
P b25 1. * Scribal text reference: XI.A, XI.B,
XV.A, XVII.C, XVII.D, XVII.E, XVII.II,
XVII.I, XVII.N, XVII.P, XVII.R, XVII.S,
XVII.T, XXXIII, XXXIV.A, XXXIV.C,
XXXVIII.B, XXXVIII.C, XXXVIII.E, XLIII.C,
XLIII.D, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D, UV.B, LIV.C,
LXII.B, LXV, LXXVI, LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b,
LXXVIII.C, LXXXII.3, LXXXIII, LXXXIV.A.a,
LXXXIV.B, LXXXIV.D, LXXXVI.B, LXXXVII.B,
LXXXVII.C, LXXXVII.D, LXXXVII.E, XC.B,
XCIII.3, CI.B
P h25 1.0. * Scribe gives resume of reference:
XXXIV.C, XLIII.C
P h2 5 2. * Scribe uses direct quotation in dialogue
P ^25 3. * Scribal profession cannot earn a living:
XI. A
P k25 1*. * Scribe identifies himself: XIV.A,
LXXI, XCIII.B
P iJ-25 5. * Scribe identifies source: XIV,A, XXVI,
LXVII, XIV.B, LXIV.A, LXXVIII.B.b,
LXXXIV.A.b, LXXXVII.B 289
P **25.5.1. * Scribe offers himself as source:
XXXVIII.D, LXXXIII, XXII, XCIII.B
P **25.5.1.0. * Scribe quotes source: XXVI, LXXXVII.C
P **25.6 . * Scribe identifies place of composition:
LXXI
P **25.7• * Scribe uses nature description: LXII.B
P **25.8. * Scribal commentary: LXXXIV.D, XLVI.H
P **26.3»**« * Monk composes poetry: LXVI
P **26.3.5* * Monk enriches his church: LXVI
P **26.3.6. * Successful monk granted request for
change: LXVI
P **26.3.7. * Monk accepts king's order to live worldly
life: LXVI
P **26.3.7.1. * Monk abandons clerical life: XL
P **27.7.0. * Poet dreams: LVII.D
P **27.7.0.1. * Poet abandoned: LXIV.B - -
P **27.7.0.2. * Poet strives to destroy peace: XVII.A,
XVII.B, XVII.S, XVII.U, XVII.C, XVII.I,
XVII.Q, XVII.R
P **27.7.0.2.1. * Poet's efforts to destroy peace bring
good and bad: XVII.A
P **27.7.0.2.2. * Poet gladdened by discord: XVII.U,
XVII.Q, XVII.R
P **27.7.0.3. * Poet records acts against king: XVII.T
P **27.7.0.**. * Poet thought to be dead: LXXVIII.C, LX
P **27.7.0.5. * Poet has his own joglar: 290
XVII.B, LVII.A, LXXI
P 427.7.1.1. * Limited composition by poet: IV
P 427.7*1.2. * Poet sines of wife of another: XIII,
LXXIII
P 427.7.1.3* * Poet composes many poems: LVI
P 427.7*1.3.1. * Overproduction by poet: LXXII
P 427.7.7.1* * Poet appeals for regeneration: LVII.G
P 427.7.7.2. * Poet sings his plea: XXXIV.E, LVII.G,
XLII, LXXVT, XXXVIII.E
P 427.7.7.2.0. * Poet sings declaration of love: XCV
P 427.7.7.2.1. * Poet sings exhortation to crusade:
LXXX.B.b
P 427.7.7.2.2. * Poet rejoices: LXXXVII.E
P 427.7.7.2.2.1. *Poet sings joy: LXXXVII.E
P 427.7*7.2.3. * Poet satisfies popular demand: XVIII
P 427.7.7.3. * Poet wages war on opposing nobles:
XVII.A, XVII.0, XVII.T, XCIII.A, XVII.J,
XVII.N
P 427.7.7.3.0. * Poet helps organize crusade: LXXX.B.b
P 427.7.7.3.1. * Poet wounded in battle, thought dead:
LXXXVI.A
P 427.7.7.3.2. * Poet wounded, recovers: LXXXVT.A,
LXXVIII.C, LXXXVI.B
P 427.7*7.4. * Poet attacks lady: LVII.C.a
P 427.7.7.4.1. * Poet attacks love and women: LXIV.A
P 427.7.7.5. * Poet sings his complaint: 291
XXXIV.C, XXXVIII.E
P **27.7 .7 .6 . * Poet sings his sorrow: XXXIV.C,
XXXVIII.B, LXXXIV.A.b
P 1*27.7 .7 .7 . * Poet changes his mind: XLIII.D. XLIII.D
P 1*27.7.10. Rivaling poets: X.B, LXXXIX
P 1*27.7.10.1. * Rivaling poets wager on skills: X.B
P 1*27.7*10.2. * Rivaling poets' abilities contrasted: X.B
P 1*27.7*10*3* * Terms of rivalry between poets: X.B
P 1*27.7.10.1*. * One rivaling poet deceives another: X.B
P 1*27.7.10.5. * Rivaling poet frustrated and ashamed
steals his rival's composition: X.B
P 1*27*7*10.6 . * Honest rival accuses thief and asks
king to discover truth of the matter: X.B
P 1*27.7*10.7* * Dishonest rival confesses: X.B
P 1*27*7*10.8. * Rival poets rewarded by king: X.B
P 1*27.7*11* * Poet abandons poetry: XXII, XXX, XLIV,
LI, LVII.E, LXXXI, LXXXVI.A, XCII, XL,
XLIII.C, LXV, LXXXVII.E, Cl.A, XXXIV.B,
XXXVIII.E, XLIII.A, LXXXIV.D, LXXXVI.B,
LXXXVII.D
P 1*27.7*11*1* * Poet's abandonment of poetry regretted:
LXV, XLIII.C
P 1*27.7.11*2. * Priends try to reconcile poet to poetry:
LXV, XC.B, XXXIV.B, LVII.E, LXXVIII.C,
LXXXIV.D, LXXXVI.B
P 1*27.7.11.3. * Poet resumes poetry: LXXVIII.C, LXXXVI.B 2 9 2
P 1*27.7* 11 * Poet imposes conditions of return
to poetry: XC.B
P 1*27.7.12. * Poet's song ends in sorrow: XVII*L
P 1*27.7.13. * Poet murders enemy: XLVIII
P 1*27.7.13.1. * Poet murdered: XLVIII
P 1*27.7.11*. * Poet in need helped: XLVIII
P l*27.7.ll*.0. * Poet declares independence from need:
XXVI
P l*27.7«ll*.0.1. * Poet declares nobleman needy: XXVI
P 1*27.7.1^.1. * Poet betrays helpers: XLVIII
P 1*27.7*I1*.2. * Poet's helpers abandon him: XLVIII, XVII.J
P 1*27.7.15. * Poet lives adventurous life: XLVIII,
XCIII.A
P 1*27.7.15.1. * Poet's adventures: XV.A, XV.B, XVII.G,
XXII
P 1*27.7.15.1.1. * King seizes poet: XVII ,B
P 1*27.7.15.2. * Besieged poet remembers his lady: XLII
P 1*27.7.15.3. * Beseiged poet describes siege: XLII
P 1*27.7 .1 5 .^. * Besieged poet asks for help: XVII.M
P l*27.7.l6. * Poet attributes senselessness to grief:
XVII.B, XVII.M
P 1*27.7.17. * Poet retires: XVII.B, XXXIV.A
P 1*27.7.13. * Poet pleads for help for conquered king:
XXXIV.E
P 1*27.7.19. * Poet sends poem to king: LXXXVII.E
P 1*27.7.19.1. * Poet sends poem to nobleman: XVII.U 293 P **27.7.20. * Poet is enemy: XVII.J
P **2 7 .7 .21. * Poet organizes opposition: XVII.J,
XVII.H, XVII.I
P **27.7.22. * Abandoned and besieged poet surrenders:
XVII.J
P **27.7.23. * Poet advances lady: LXXXIV.B, XXXVIII.D,
XVII.E, XLIII.B, XXXVIII.C, XLVI.H,
XLVT.R, LXXXVII.B, LXXXVII.C, LXXXVII.D,
Cl .B
P **27.7.2**. * Poet mocks another poet: XXXVIII.F,
XIV.B, LXXXVII.D
P **27.7 .2**.l. * Mockery of follow poet answered: XXXVIII.F
P **27.7.2**.2. * Poet is gullible: LXXVIII.B.b, LXXXVII.D
P **27.7.25. * Poet spies on his lady: LXXXIV.A.b
P **2 7 .7 .26. * Poet sings his lady's praises: LXXXIV.A.b,
XXXVIII.B, LXXXVII.D
P **2 7 .7 .2 7 . * Poet pretends what he does not feel:
LXXXIV.A.b
P **31. Merchant: III .A
P **31.2. * Merchant complains to king: XLVII
P **31.2.1. * Merchant granted permission to recover
his loss in any way he can: XLVII
P **31.2.2. * Merchant recovers robbed goods: XLVII
P **31.3» * Merchant tricks robber by forgery: XLVII
P **33.1. * Provencal joglar composes poetry: VI,
XXIV, LVIII, LIX, LXXIV, C 294
P 433*2. * Provencal joglar evaluated: VI, XXXV,
XCVII, C, LXXXIV.D
P 483*3* * Provencal joglars form a team: XXX
P 433.4. * Provencal joglar is intermediary: XXVIII.C
P 601. * Custom of literary patronage: I, III.A,
III .B, XI.A, XI.B, XIV.A, XIV.B, XVII.A,
XXII, XXVI, XXX, XXXIII, XXXVIII.A, XL,
XLVIII, LVII.D, LVII.P, LXVT, LXXIV, LXXV,
LXXVT, LXXVTII,B.b, LXXVIII.C, LXXIX,
LXXX.A, LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXIV.A.b, LXXXIV.B,
LXXXIV.C, LXXXVII.A, XC.A, XCII, XCIV.A,
XCIV.3, Cl.A
P 601.1. * Patron dies: XXXIV.D, XCII, XIV.A
P 601.1.0. * Patron dios in battle and poet rejoices:
LXXX.B.b
P 601.1.1. * Patron's death saddens poet: LXXVIII.C
P 601.1. * Patron abandons poet: LXXIX
P 601.3* * Patron takes back gifts: LXXX.B.b
P 681. Mourning customs: LXXVIII.C
Q 63. * King rewards love for his son: XVII.B
Q 63.1. * Love's rewards: XI.A
Q 72.1* Rei/ard for loyalty to king: XXXIV.E
Q, 211. Murder punished: XLVIII, XLIX.C.H,
XLIX.C.R, XLLX.D
Q 393*3* * Poet's sharpness of tongue punished:
LXIV.B 295 Q ^51*^* Tongue cut off as punishment: DCXVI1I.A
R 227.^. * Poet flees after injuring husband: III.A
R 227*5* * Poet flees to escape threats of violence:
XCIV.B, LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b
S 110,0. * Man killed in fight: XVII.P
S 112. Burning to death: XVII.P
S 118.3. * Murder by cutting off head: XLIX.C.H,
XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
S 139*2.2. Other indignities to corpse: XLIX.B
S 139*6. * Heart torn out of body of murder victim:
XLIX.A, XLIX.B, XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
S I8 3 .I.I. * Lady made to eat lover's heart: XLIX.A,
XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
T 9. * Love teaches: III.A, LVI, III.B,
XLIX.D, LXIV.A
T 9.1. * Love inspires daring: XI.A
T 9«3« * Love missing in poet's life: LXIV.A
T 9.3*1. * Love upbraids poet for abandoning her
ways: LXXXVI.B
T 9«^. * Love suspected: XLII
T 9*5. * Love blinds: XCIII.B
T 9*6. * Love celebrated: LXXXII.B, XIIX.D
T 9.6.1. * Nature of love: CI.B
T 9.7* * Love overwhelms suitor: XXXVIII.B
T 9*7.1* * Love appears to poet in a vision:
LXXXVI.B 2 9 6
T 9*8. * Love's rewards must be gradual:
LXXXVII.C
T 9»9» * Love rewards service: XLIX.D
T 9.10. * Love will not allow lover to reveal
his lady's identity: XLIX.D
T 9.10.0. * Lover misleads husband with mistaken
identity of his love object: XLIX.D
T 9.10.1. * Lover cites poet for support: XLIX.D
T 11.1. Love from mere mention or description:
IX, XVII.E, LXXXIII, LXIII, LXXXVII.D,
XCIII.B
T 24.1. Love-sickness: VIII
T 24.3. Madness from love: LV, XIV.3, XLVI.H
T 24.3.1. * Love maddened poet expelled: LV
T 24.8. * Lovers suffer from separation: XI.B,
XIV.A, XIV.B, XVII.D, XXXIV.B, XXXIV.C,
XXXIV.D, XXXVTII.C, XXXVIII.E, XLVI.H,
XLVI.R, XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, LVII.B,
LVII.C.a, LVII.C.b, IXLII, 1XV, LXVTII,
LXXVT, LXXXIV.A.b, LXXXIV.D
T 24.8.0. * Cause of lover's dismissal: LVII.C.b,
XVII.F, LXXVI, XVII.E, XXXIV.B, XIV.B,
XXXVIII.C, LXXXIV.D, LXXXVII.C
T 24.3.0.1, * Lover seeks advice regarding dismissal:
LVII.B, LXXVI, XXXIV.B, XXXVIII.B
T 24.8.0.2. * Help sought regarding dismissal is 2 97 promised: XXXVIII.B
T 2^.8.0.3* * Lover cannot see his lady: XLIX.C.R
T 2^.8.1. * Double separation doubles suffering of
lover: XXXIV.D, XC.B
T 2k ,8 .2. * Lover numbed by suffering: XXXIV.D
T 2^.8 .3 . * Dismissed suitor becomes a recluse: XC.B
T 2^.9 . * Lady dismisses lover: XIV.A, XVII.F,
XVII.D, LVII.B, XLIII.B, XLVI.H, XLVI.R
T 2^.9.1. * Lady dismissed by lover: XXXVIII.B
T 27. Unusual success in love: LXXVIII.A,
XIV. B
T 27.k, * Poet is highly desired suitor: LXXXVII.A
T 29.1.1. * Love reciprocated: XI.A, XI.B, XIV.A,
XIV.B, XIV.D, XXXVIII•C , XXXVIII.D,
XXXVIII.E, XLIII.B, XLVI.H, XLVI.R, XLIX.A,
XLIX.B, XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D, LIV.B,
LVII.Ca, LXII.B, LXV, LXVIII, LXXVIII.B.b,
LXXIX, LXXXII.3, LXXXIII, LXXXIV.A.a,
LXXXIV.A.b, LXXXIV.B, LXXXVI.A, LXXXVI.B,
LXXXVII.D, XC.B, XCIII.B, XCV, CI.B, CI.C
T 29.2. * Wife falls in love with another man:
XXIII, XXVII, XIV.A, LXXXVII.B LXXXVII.D
T 29.2.1. * Wife in love with another man writes
poems about him: LXXXVII.D, XXVII, XXIII
T 29.2.2. * Lady falls in love with poet*s rival:
XXXVIII.E 2 9 8
T 29.3. * Poet falls in loves III.A, X.A, XI.A,
XI.B, XIV.A, XIV.B, XV.A, XVII.D, XVII.E,
XVII.G, XVII.U, XXVIII.B, XXVIII.D, XXX,
XXXIII, XXXIV.A, XXXIV.B, XXXIC.C,
XXXVIII.B, XXXVIII.C, XXXVIII.E, XL, XLI,
XLEII.A, XLIII.B, XLVI.H, XLVI.R, XLIX.A,
XLIX.B, XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D, LEI,
LEV, LEV.C, LVI, LVII.B, LXXVI, LXXVIII.B.a,
LXXVIII.B.b, LXXVIII.C, LXXIX, LXXXII.A,
LXXXII.B, LXXXIII, LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXIV.B,
LXXXIV.D, LXXXVI.A, LXXXVI.B, LXXXVII.B,
LXXXVII.C, LXXXVII.D, LXXXVII.E, XC.A,
XC.B, XCIII.B, XCIV.A, XCIV.B, CI.C,
CI.B, XCVIII
T 29.3.0.2. * Poet's attentions taken lightly:
LCXVIII.B.b
T 29.3.2. * Poet composes poems about his lady: II,
III.A, XI.A, XI.B, XIV.A, XXX, XXXIII,
XXXIV.A, XXXIV.B, XXXIV.C, XXXVIII.B,
XXXVIII.E, XL, XLIII.A, XLEII.B, XLIX.A,
XLIX.B, XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, LEI, LTV,
LEV.C, LVII.B, LXI, LXIII, LXV, LXXVI,
LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b, LXXIX, LXXXII.B,
LXXXIII, LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXVI.B, LXXXVII.C,
LXXXVII.D, XC.A, XCIV.B, CI.B
T 29.3.2.1. * Lady gladly accepts poet's efforts: 299 LXXVT, XXXIV.B, LXXVIII.C, LXXXVII.D, CI.B
T 2 9 .3 .2 .2 . * Poet sings of lady's fickleness: XLIII.B * T 29.3*2.3* * Lady welcomes poet's service but does
not reciprocatet LXXXVII.D, LXXXVII.C,
XXXVIII.B
T 29.3*3.2. * Poet enters boudoir after husband leaves
and embraces lady: LXXVIII.B.a
T 29>3*3*2.0. * Husband excuses poet's transgression:
LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b
T 2 9 .3 .3 .2 .1 . * Lady complains to husband of poet's in
trusion: LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b
T 29.3*3.2.2. * Lady refuses to be pacified: XLVI.R,
XLVI.H, LXXVIII.B.b
T 29.^. * Lady falls in love with nobleman: XII
T 29.^.0 . * Lady falls in love: XXXVIII.C, XLIX.D
T 29.^.0.1. * Lady in love writes poem to lover: XCV
T 2 9 .^.1. * Lady in love with nobleman composes
poems about him: XII
T 29.^.2 . * Lady imposes conditions: XL, LIV.C,
XXXVIII.B, XLVI.H, XLVI.R, LXXXVII.B,
LXXXVII.D, XC.B
T 29.^.2 .0 . * Lover imposes conditions: XLIX.D
T 29.^.2.1. * Poet sadly contemplates lady's con
ditions: LIV.C
T 29«^.2 .2 . * Suitor delivers ultimatum: XXXVIII.B
T 2 9 .I*.2.2.0. * Poet fulfills conditions imposed and 300
discovers his deceptiont XXXVIII.B
T 29.U.2.2.1. * Poet fulfills conditions imposed and
is betrayed: LXXXVII.D
T 29.^.2.3. * Suitor accepts conditions lady imposes:
XXXVIII.B, XLVI.H, XLVI.R, XLIX.D
T 29.**.2.6. * Poet fulfills conditions imposed and re
turns for reward: LXXXVII.D
T 29.^.2 .7 . * Poet fulfills conditions imposed: XLIX.D
T 29.^.2.8. * Lady honors conditions imposed: LIV.C,
XLVI.H, XLVI.R, XC.B
T 29.5. * Lover faithful: LXXXII.A
T 29.6. * Lady changes her mind: XIV.D
T 29.6.0. * Lady wants all who see her to want her:
CI.C
T 29.6.1. * Lady accepts attentions of many but re
ciprocates vdth few: CI.C
T 29.6.2. * Lady wooed by many: LXXXVII.C
T 29.7. * Lady does not fear evil tongues: CI.C
T 29.7.1* * Lady fears evil tongues: LXXXVII.C
T 29.8. * Lovers quarrel: LXVTII, XLIII.C, CI.C,
XLVI.H, XLVI.R
T 29.8.1. * Lover forces quarrel to experience joy-
of reconciliation: XLVI.H, XLVI.R
T 29.8.1.0. * Lover begins to regret losses due to for
ced quarrel: XLVI.H, XLVI.R,
T 29.9. * Lovers reconciled: LXVIII, XVII .3? 301
T 29.9.0. * Reconciled lovers are more enamored
than ever before: XLVI.R
T 29.9.1. * Poet sings of reconciliation:
LXXXIV.D, CI.B
T 29.9.2. * Poet rejoices over reconciliation:
LXXXII.B, XLVI.H, XLVI.R, LXXXVI.B,
LXXXVII.C
T 29.9.2.0. Reconciled lover places joy of reconcili
ation above all others: XLVI.H, XLVI.R
T 29.9.2.1. Poet rejoices over prospect of recon
ciliation: XLVI.R
T 29.9.3. * Reconciled lover promises reform: LXXXII.B
T 29.10. * Lover is timid: XI.A, LXXXVII.E,
LXXXIV.B,
T 29.10.1. * Lady recognizes lover's timidity:
LXXXIV.B
T 29.11.2. * Rival's company tries poet: XIV.D
T 29.12. * Lover steals a kiss: LXXVIII.B.a,
LXXVIII.B.b
T 29.12.0. * Theft of kiss resented: LXXVIII.B.b
T 29.12.0.1. Poet discovered stealing kiss, flees:
LXXVIII.B.b
T 29.12.1. * Theft of kiss punished by Love:
LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b
T 29.12.2. * Lady forgives stolen kiss: LXXVIII.B.a,
LXXVIII.B.b 302
T 29.12.3. * Lady freely bestows previously stolen
kiss : LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b
T 29.12.4. * Poet wins grant of formerly stolen kiss:
LXXVIII.B.a
T 29.12.5. * Stolen kiss regretted: LXXVIII.B.b
T 29.13. * Lady plans to steal another's suitor:
CI.B
T 29.13.1. * Lady uses falsehood to steal suitor: CI.B
T 30.1. * Lovers' meeting prevented: XXXVIII.C
T 35. Lovers' rendezvous: XXXVIII.C, XLVI.H,
XLVI.R
T 35.5.0. * Lover wishes to see his lady in her hus
band's house during absence of latter:
III .B
T 35.6 . * Lovers' rendezvous at home of rejected
suitor: XXXVIII.C
T 35.6.1. * Token of discovery left at scene:
LXXXIV.C
T 35.6.2. * Lover discovered in rendezvous seeks and
is granred forgiveness: LXXXIV.C
T 35.6.3. * Lovers discovered at rendezvous: LXXXIV.C
T 38. * Lover's meeting: unknown lovers meet:
IX
T 38.1. * Unknown lover's meeting revives ill lover:
LX
T 38.2. * Lady's triple deception discovered: XCIII.C 303
T 38*3* * Lady's triple deceptions saddens poet:
XCIII.C
T 33,**. * Poet fails test lady imposed deceptively:
XC.B
T 38.5* * Three suitors, competitors unawares,
meet with their lady: XCIII.C
T 38.6. * Lady wooes three suitors simultaneously,
each unaware of attentions to other two:
XCIII.C
T in.**. * Communications from lady badly received:
XLVI.H, XLVI.R
T 5 1 . Wooing by emissary: VIII, LXVIII, LXXIX,
XVII.P, LXXXIII, LEV.C, XLVI.H, XLVI.R,
XLIX.D, LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b,
LXXXIV.D, LXXXVII.D, XC.B, CI.B
T 51.0. * Emissary promises reform of lover: VIII
T 51.0.1. * Poet offers reform in return for forgive
ness via poem: XXXVIII«E
T 51.0.1.1. * Poet offers lady two reasons for deser
ving forgiveness: XXXVIII.E
T 5 1 * Emissary succeeds: CI.B, XXXVIII.B,
XLVI.H, XLVI.R, LXXXII.B
T 51.1».l. * Emissary fails: XLVI.H, XLVI.R
T 51»5» * Poet sings his dependence on emissaries:
XC.B
T 5 1 .6. * Emissaries fulfill conditions imposed: XC.B 304
T 51»7* * Emissary summons suitor * XXXVIII.B
T 51*3. * Emissary offers herself in place of
lady represented: XXXVIII.B
T 51«9» * Emissary volunteers to reestablish
peaces XLVI.R
T 55. Girl as wooer: XLIX.D
T 55*6. Person exhibits figure: XIV.C
T 55*6.2. * Ladies invite brothers - neither brother
is aware of the invitation of the other:
LXII.B
T 56.5* * Lady attracted by poet's compositions:
XIV.A
T 69.6. * Love declared: LXXXIV.B, CI.B
T 69*7* * Lovers please the people: LIV.B
T 69.8 . * Mutual admiration: LIV.B
T 71* Woman scorned in love: XXVIII.D
T 71*3* * Scorned woman is angered and disdainful:
CI.B
T 71*4. * Scorned woman ignores unfaithful suitor:
LXXXII.B
T 71*5* * Scorned woman pleads with suitor: XC.B
T 72. Woman won and then scorned: XXV, XC.B
T 75* Man scorned by his beloved: LVII.C.a,
XCVIII
T 75*0*1« Suitors ill-treated: LVII.E
T 75*0.3» * Lady regrets gifts to lover: LVII.C.a 305
T 75*0.3*1* * Lady gives glove to suitor: LVII.B
T 75*0.3*2. * Rejected suitor recovers poems and
flees: XXXVII1.S
T 75*0.if. * Rejected suitor long awaits reconciliation:
CI.C
T 75*0.U-.l. * Rejected suitor plans reconciliation:
XXXVIII.B
T 75*0.^.2. * Rejected lady abandons reconciliation
efforts: XLVI.H, XLVI.R
T 75*0.5* * Rejected suitor complains: LXXXVII.D,
XVII.F
T 75*0.5*1* * Lady complains of suitor's abrupt
departure: LXIII
T 75*0.6. * Rejected suitor offers self to another:
XVII.F, XXXVIII.C
T 75*0.6,1. * Rejected suitor offered solace by an
other lady: LXXXVII.D
T 75*0.7. * Lady deceives lover: LXXXVII.E, XC.A,
XXXVIII.C, LXXXVII.C, LXXXVII.D, XCIII.B,
CI.B
T 75*0.7.1. * Deceived lover enlightened by friends:
XCIII.B
T 75*0.7.2. * Deceived suitor pleads in vain: XXXVIII.B
T 75*2.1. Rejected suitor's revenge: LXXXVII.C,
LIV.B
T 75*3. Unrequited love expressed in poem: 306
X.A, XXXIV.A, LVII.C.a, CI.C
T 75.3.0. * Unrequited love: X.A, XXXIV.A, XXXIV.C,
LXXXVII.A, XC.A, LVII.B, LIV.C, XXXVIII.B
T 75.3*0.1. * Unrequited love explained: LXXXVII.C
T 75*^.0. * Lady humiliates lover: LXXXVII.B,
XXXVIII.C, LIV.B
T 75*^*1. * Lover humiliates lady: XLVI.H, XLVI.R
T 7 5 .5 ,1 . * Scorned lover becomes a religious: XCVIII
T 75*7* * Rejected suitor loses both lady and
wife: LXXXVII.B, LXXXVII.D
T 7 8 . * Faithful lady rejects all other suitors:
XVII.C
T 7 8 .I. * Poet proclaims lady's rejection of
suitors: XVII.C
T 8 6 .5 . * Lovers entombed together: XLIX.B,
XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
T 8 6 .6 . * Annual pilgrimage to joint lovers' tomb:
XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
T 8 6 .7 . * Annual pilgrimage to joint lovers' tomb
ordered by king: XLIX.B
T 89.3. * Poet's lady dies: XXX, XXXIV.A, LV,
XLIX.A, XC.A
T 8 9 .if.l. * Lady believes lover dead: LXXXVI.A
T 8 9 .^.2. * Lady grieving lover's death becomes a
religious: LX
T 8 9 .5 , * Lovers' death saddens people: 307
XLIX.B, XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
T 92.0. * Lady is jealous: LIV.B
T 92.0.2. * Jealous lady avenges herself by offering
herself to another: LIV.B
T 92.0*3* * Jealous lady's plan of vengeance accepted:
LIV.B
T 92.0.^. * Jealous lady plans recovery of dismissed
lover: XCIII.B
T 92.0.5. * Jealous lady seeks to alienate another's
suitor: XC.B
T 92.0.6. * Jealous lady accuses lover of infidelity:
XLIX.D
T 92.0.7. * Jealous lady proves her lover's innocence:
XLIX.D
T 93.6. * Disappointed lover deludes self: XIV.D
T 93.6.1. * Disappointed lover chooses to abandon
convictions: XIV.D
T 9^. * Unrepentant lover: VIII
T 99«3» * Lady willing to forgive lover: XVII.F,
VIII
T 99.3.1. * Lady unwilling to forgive: LXXXII.B,
XXXVIII.B
T 99.3*2. * Lady refuses to believe test and to
forgive: LXXXII.B
T 99.^. * Love hidden: XXXIV.B, XIV.A, XIV.B
T 9^.1. * Repentant lover begs forgiveness: LXXXII.B 308
T 99*5* * Lady requests food of lover's overseer:
XXVIII.B
T 99*5*1* * Lady's request granted: XXVIII.B
T 99.6. * Casuistry of love: LXV, LXXXIV.B,
LXII.B, XCIII.C, XLIII.B, XUII.C, XVII.P
T 99.6.1. * Solution to problem of love casuistry:
LXXXIV.B, XLIII.B, XLIII.C
T 99.6.2. * Problem solution illustrated: LXXXIV.B
T 99.6.3. * Help sought for casuistry problem:
XLIII.B, XCIII.B
T 101. * Poet marries: XXX, XXXVIII.A, LXXV,
LXXXI, XCIV.A, C, XL, LV, LXXVIII.A, Cl.A
T 101.0. * Poet's lady marries: XLIII.C, XVII.B,
XLIII.B, XIV.B, LXXXVII.B
T 101.0.1. * Poet's lady receives proposal of marriage:
LXXXVII .D
T 101.1. * Poet does not marry: XLIII.B, LVII.A
T 101.1.1. * Clandestine marriage brings threat of
danger to poet: XCIV.B
T 101.1.2. * Poet takes precautions against threats
of lady's family: XCIV.B
T 101.2. * Poet steals a wife: LV, XCIV.B
T 101.3* * Clandestine marriage of poet: XCIV.B
T 210.3* * Faithful husband fights to recover
abducted wife: LXXIII
T 230*3* * Husband believes accusations against 309
wife and sends her away: XXXIV*C
T 2l*9. 3. 41 Wife allows poet to abduct her:
LXXIII, XCIV.A, XCIV.B
T 2l*9 3»1» * Unfaithful wife and lover granted
refuge: LXXIII, XCIV.A
T 2k9 1*. * Wife seduced while husband absent: XL
T 2lf9 ,l*.l. * Seduced wife abandoned by lover: XL
T 2l*9 >5 . * Husband seeks divorce motive to be free
to remarry: LXXXVII.B
T 2^9 ,6 . * Grounds for divorce: LXXXVII«B, LXXXVII.D
T 249 7* * Divorced wife remarries: JLXXXVII.B
T 21*9 ,7.0. * Divorced wife given in marriage by
former husband: LXXXVII.D
T 2l*9 .7.1. * Divorced wife proposes marriage to
suitor: LXXXVII.D
T 21*9 ,8 . * Husband realizes betrayal by wife and
friend: XLIX.D
T 2l*9 ,8.1. * Betrayed husband arms himself and goes
in search of wife's lover: XLIX.D
T 2l*9 ,8.2. * Betrayed husband finds wife’s lover and
they exchange casual conversation: XLIX.D
T 21*9 ,8.3* * Betrayed husband asks truth of lover:
XLIX.D
T 257 ,12. * Jealous husband informed of wife's ro
mance: XLIX.A, XLIX.B, XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R
T 257 ,12.1. * Jealous husband investigates reported 310
romance and verifies It: XLIX.A, XLIX.B
T 257. 13. * Jealous husband places wife under guard:
XLIX.A, XIV.A, XLIX.B, XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R
T 257. l*f>, * Jealous husband threatens defiant wife
causing her suicide: XLIX.A, XLIX.B,
XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
T 257. 15. * Jealous husband kills wife's lover:
XLIX.A, XLIX.B
T 257. 16. * Jealous husband dies in prison: XLIX.B,
XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
T 257. 16.1. * Jealous husband's wealth given to lovers'
families: XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
T 257 17. * Jealous husband associates poet's song
with his wife: XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
T 257 ,18. * Jealous husband attempts to trap suitor:
XLIX.D
T 257 ,19. * Jealous husband's trap ensnares him for
wife's sister and brother-in-law help
poet: XLIX.D
T 257 >20. * Jealous husband hastens to sow jealousy
in wife: XLIX.D
T 291 >2 . * Wife made to eat lover's heart vows
never to eat anything else: XLIX.A,
XLIX.B
T 291 ,2.1. * Wife made to eat lover's heart vows never
to lose the taste left by it: 311
XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D
T 299*3* * Husband and lover quarrels XIV.A, III.A
T 299.1k * Lover takes revenge on husband: III.A
T 299*5* * Husband recovers from wound inflicted
by wife's lover: III.B
T 299*6. * Lady lost: LXV, LXXXVII.E
U 212. To have good servants a lord must be
good: XXVIII.C
U 252. * Length of life: LXXI, LXVII
U 261*. * Age revealed: XVIII
U 272. * Madness: LXXVIII.A
V 57*^* * Prayer for recovery from illness:
XXXVIII.C
V 357* * Christianity dishonored: XXXIV.E
V 358. * Religious crusade fought: LXXX.B.b
V 1*00. Charity: XXI, XXII, LVII.A, LXIV.B,
LXXXIII, LJOXVII.B
V 1*10.3. * Charity rewarded in spiritual and
temporal wealth: XXI
V 1*39* * Largesse impairs wealth: XXVIII
V 1*1*2. * Performance of good deeds: XCIII.A
V 1*1*2.1. * Injured healed: LXXVIII.A
V 1*52. * Religious order entered by poet: XVII.B,
XXXIV.A, XLIV, LXXII, LXXX.B.a, LXXX.B.b,
XIV.A, LXXVI, XIV.B
V 1*52.0. * Help asked to secure entry to religious 312
orders LXXX.B.b
V 1*52.1. * Religious order entered by poet's family:
XXXIV.A
V 1*52.2. * Faithless wife enters religious order:
XL <«» V 1*52.3. * Lady enters religious order: LXXXIII,
LXXXVI.A, LXXXVI.B
V l*6l• Clerical virtue: XVII.Q
W 0.1. * Favorable qualities: I, V, VII, X.A,
XI.A, XII, XIII, XIV.A, XIV.B, XV.B, XVI,
XVII.A, XVII.B, XVII.D, XVII.E, XVII.F,
XVII.G, XVII.H, XVII.M, XVII.P, XVII.U,
XIX, XX, XXI, XXII, XXIII, XXV, XXVI,
XXVII, XXVIII, XXVIII.D, XXXII, XXXIII,
XXXIV.A, XXXIV.B, XXXV, XXXVI, XXXVII,
XXXVIII.A, XXXVIII.B, XXXVIII.C, XXXVIII.D,
XXXVIII.E, XXXIX, X U , X U I , X U V , XLVI.H,
XLVI.R, XLVII, XLVIII, XUX.A, XUX.B,
CUX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XUX.D, U I , U V ,
UV.B, UV.C, LVI, LVII.B, LVII.D, LVII.E,
U X , LX, LXII.A, LXII.B, LXIII, LXV, LXVII,
LXVTII, LXX, LXXII, LXXIII, LXXVI, LXXVIII.A,
LXXIX, LXXXII.A, LXXXIII, LXXXIV.A.b,
LXXXVI.A, LXXXVI.B, LXXXVII.B, LXXXVII.C,
LXXXVII.D, LXXXVII.E, LXXXIX, XC.A, XCI,
XCIII.A, XCIII.B, XCIV.A, XCIV.B, XCV, 313
XCVII, XCIX, CI.B
W 11. Generosity: XXVIII.D
¥ 11.1. * Generosity of poor poet: XXXVIII.F tf 13. * Humility: XXXIII, XXXIX, LXV
V 13.1. * Lady begs forgiveness for fault that is
not hers: XLVI.H, XLVI.R
V/ 13.2. * Lady regrets humility shown: XLVI.H,
XLVI.R
¥ 27.2. * Grateful lady tries to live as poet
describes her: XXXVIII.D
¥ 27*2.1. * Grateful lady tries to make amends:
LXXXVII.C
¥ 27.3. * Poet is grateful: LXXXIV.A.b
¥ 1*5.2. * Honor bestowed on poet: I, III.A, XI.A,
XIV.A, XIV.B, XXII, XXXV, XLIV, LI, LVII.A,
LXVT, LXVII, LXIX, LXXI, LXXVI, LXXX.A,
LXXX.B.b, LXXXI, LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXIV.B,
LXXXVII.A, XCIV.A, XCV, XCVI
¥ 1*5*2.1. * Honor bestowed on poet posthumously: LX
¥ 100.1. * Unfavorable qualities: XVII.H, XVII.M,
XVII.Q, XVII.R, XVII.U, XXVIII.E,
XXXVIII.A, XXXVIII.F, XLIX.A, XLIX.B,
L, U , LVII.C.a, LVII.C.b, LVIII, LXXXI,
LXXXIV.A.a, XCIV.B, CI.B
¥ 116. Vanity: LXXVIII.A, LXVII, LXXI
¥ 117.2. * Lover boasts of successes: 31*
XLVIII, LXXXVII.B
W 117*3. * Poet boasts of his wits! XVII,B
V 117*3*1* * King seizes upon poet's boast! XVII»B
W 125. ‘ Gluttony! XXXVIII.A
W 197. * Gossip! XXXVIII.E, LXXXIV.D
W 197.1. * Gossip results! LXXXIV.D, XLIX.D
W 197*2. * Poet fights gossip! LXXXVII.B
W 227. * Just obligations refused: XXVIII*D,
XXVIII.E, XVII.P
W 228. * Timidity! XC.A
Z 10.3* Transition formulas: I, II, III.B, VIII,
X.A, X.B, XI.A, XI.B, XIV.A, XIV.B, XIV.C,
XIV.D, XV.B, XVII.B, XVII.C, XVII.D,
- XVII.E, XVII.F, XVII.G, XVII.H, XVII.I,
XVII.J, XVII.K, XVII.L, XVII.M, XVII.N,
XVII.0, XVII.P, XVII.Q, XVII.R, XVII.S,
XVII.T, XVII,U, XVIII, XXIII, XXVI,
XXVIII.B, XXVIII.C, XXVIII.D, XXVIII.E,
XXX, XXXIV.B, XXXIV.C, XXXIV.D, XXXIV.E,
XXXVI, XXXVIII.B, XXXVIII.C, XXXVIII.D,
XXXVIII.E, XXXVIII.P, XL, XLII, XLIII.B,
XLIII.C, XLLII.D, XLVI.H, XLVI.R, XLVII,
XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, XLIX.D, LIV.B, LIV.C,
LVII.A, LVII.B, LVII.C.a, LVII.C.b, LVII.D,
LVII.E, LVII.P, LVTI.G, LXII.A, LXII.B ,
LXIII, LXIV.A, LXV, LXVII, LXVTII, LXXI, LXXV, LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.B.b, LXXVIII.C
LXXX.B.b, LXXXI, LXXXII.A, LXXXII.B,
LXXXIV.A.b, LXXXIV.B, LXXXIV.C, LXXXIV.D,
LXXXV, LXXXVI.A, LXXXVI.B, LXXXVII.B,
LXXXVII.C, LXXXVII.D, LXXXVII.E, XC.B,
XCIII.B, XCIII.C, XCV, XCIX, CI.B, CI.C
Symbolic names* XIV.C, XVII.B, XVII.C,
XVII.R, XXXVIII.D, XXXVIII.E, XLVII,
LIV, LIV.B, LVII.B, LXIII, LXXVI,
LXXVIII.B.a, LXXVIII.Bb, LXXXIII,
LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXIV.A.b, LXXXVII.A,
LXXXVII.D, LXXXVII.E, XC.A, XC.B,
XCIV.B, XCV
Symbolic name acted by bearer* LXXVIII.C
Historical events: LXXXVII.E
Parentage: III.A, VI, IX, XI.A, XI.B,
XIII, XIV.A, XIV.B, XVI, XVII.D, XVII.G,
XVII.M, XVII.U, XVIII, XX, XXII, XXV,
XXVIII.D, XXX, XXXII, XXXIV.A, XXXIV.B,
XXXIV.C, XXXVIII.A, XXXVIII.C, XXXVIII.F,
XL, XLI, XLIX.D, L, LVI, LXIV.A, LXVII,
LXXI, LXXV, LXXVIII.A, LXXX.A, LXXXII.A,
LXXXII.B, LXXXIII, LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXIV.A.b
LXXXVI.B, LXXXVII.B, LXXXVII.C, XC.A,
XCII, XCIV.A, C, Cl .A
Parentage - indirect: LXXVIII.A Parentage unknowns LXIV.B
Place of origins I, II, III.A, IV, V,
VI, VII, X.A, XI.A, XII, XIII, XIV.A,
XIV.B, XV.A, XV.B, XVI, XVII.A, XVII,B,
XVII.E, XVII.M, XVII.U, XIX, XXI, XXII,
XXIII, XXIV, XXVIII.B, XXVIII.D, XXIX,
XXX, XXXI.A, XXXI.B, XXXII, XXXIII,
XXXIV.A, XXXV, XXXVI, XXXVII, XXXVIII.A,
XXXIX, XL, XLI, XLII, XLIII.A, XLIV, XLV
XLVI.H, XLVI.R, XLVIII, XLIX.A, XLIX.B,
XLIX.C.H, XLIX.C.R, L, LI, LII, UII,
LIV, LV, LVI, LVII.A, LVII.E, LVIII,
LIX, LXI, LXII.A, LXIII, LXIV.A, LXVI,
LXVII, LXIX, LXX, LXXI, LXXII, LXXIII,
LXXVI, LXXVII, LXXVIII.A, LXXVIII.C,
LXXIX, LXXX.A, LXXXI, LXXXII.A,
LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXIV.A.b, LXXXV, LXXXVI.B,
LXXXVII.A, LXXXVII.D, LXXXVIII, LXXXIX,
XC.A, XCI, XCII, XCIII.A, XCIV.A, XCIV.B
XCV, XCVI, XCVII, XCVIII, XCIX, C, Cl.A
Place of origin by references X.A, XXII
XXIX, XXXVI, XLIX.A, LVII.A, LXXVII,
LXXIX, LXXXII.A, XCVII, XCV, XXVIII.D,
LXVI, XLIX.B, Cl.A
Place of origin never lefts V
Place of origin unknowns LXIV.B 317 Z 472. * Travel* II, III.A, III.B, VI, IX, X.B,
XI.A, XI.B, XIV.A, XIV.B, XV.A, XV.B,
XVII.F, XVII.G, XVII.J, XVII.K, XVII.N,
XVII,T, XVII.U, XVIII, XXII, XXIV, XXV,
XXVIII.E, XXX, XXXI.A, XXXI.B, XXXVIII.A,
XXXVIII.C, XXXVIII.D, XXXVIII.F, XL, XLV,
XLVII, L, LI, LV, LVI, LVII.A, LVII.D,
LVII.F, LX, LXIII, LXVI, LXXI, LXXIV,
LXXV, LXXVI, LXXVIII.A, LXXVIII.B.a,
LXXVIII.B.b, LXXVIII.C, LXXIX, LXXX.B.b,
LXXXII.A, LXXXII.B, LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXIV.A.b,
LXXXIV.C, LXXXIV.D, LXXXVII.D, LXXXVII.E,
XC.A, XCII, XCIII.B, XCIV.A, XCIV.B,
XCVII, C, Cl.A
Z ^72.1. * Travel location by reference* LVII.F, LI
Z 472.2. * Travel restricted: XXXIII, LXXX.B.b
Z 472.3. * Travel by mandate* XXXIV.C
Z 472.4. * Location by reference* LXII.B, XVII.Q,
XVII.R, XXXVIII.E, XLIX.C.H, LXXVIII.C
Z 473. * Death of poet* II, III.A, VI, XIV.A,
XIV.B, XV.A, XV.B, XVII.N, XXII, XXX,
XXXI.A, XXXIV.A, LV, LX, LXVI, LXVII,
LXXI, LXXV, LXXVI, LXXX.B.a, LXXX.B.b,
LXXXII.A, LXXXIII, LXXXIV.A.a, LXXXIV.A.b,
LXXXIV.C, LXXXVII.A, XC.A, XCVIII CONCLUSION
Since the beginnings of Proven9al scholarship, stu
dents have been intrigued by the relationships that have
been thought to exist between the poetry of the Provencal
Troubadours and the Vidas and Razos that were written a-
bout them. During the course of some one hundred years
of studies of Proven9al literature, these biographies,
as tradition has labelled the Vidas and the Razos, have
enjoyed varying degrees of acceptance and of rejection
as reliable sources of information about the Troubadours whose lives, works, and adventures they relate. There were times when the contents of the Vidas and Razos was
cited at face value and accepted in the same manner.
After inquiries into the accuracy of the information
offered had gotten under way, there were other times when
the biographies were thought to be largely the fictitious
product of enterprising Joglars. The pendulum swings of
critical opinion regarding the historical value of these
prose compositions are understandable reflections of
various stages in the progress of the research into these matters. It was no surprise, later, to discover that the middle ground, somewhere between the two extremes named above, finally emerged as the acceptable residue.
As interested workers continued their studies, they found that the Vidas and Razos contained a greater wealth
318 of reliable information than had been previously suspec
ted. The theory that these compositions represented only
paraphrases of the contents of the anthologies that they
generally preceded was slowly dispelled. As the biogra
phies grew in stature, the interest in them grew in both
depth and breadth. Much of the time, and for perfectly
understandable reasons, the research was conducted nar
rowly, that is, given Vidas and Razos were studied as the
result of interest in the lyrics of a certain Troubadour.
These studies often demanded the consideration of the bi
ographies, as a by-product, for the sake of completeness.
In particular, the preparation of critical editions did
much for the advancement of studies of the biographies.
Until very recently, Chabaneau's edition of the Vidas and
Razos. Les Biographies des troubadours en langue proven-
cale. publi^es intfigralement pour la premiSre fois. pub
lished in Toulouse in 1885 in Tome X of L'Histoire g8n$-
rale de Languedoc, was the latest available of this inter
esting and important body of Proven9al prose of the thir
teenth and fourteenth centuries. The need for a modern
edition of this highly significant literature became in
creasingly apparent, and a renewed and intensified inter
est in the Vidas and Razos culminated in the 1950 publi
cation of the Boutibre and Schutz edition, the Biogra phies Des Troubadours. This was one of the most signifi
cant results of the research in this field. It presented the students of the lives of the Troubadours with the most
complete and reliable source for the texts of the Vidas
and Razos to date* The authors gathered together one hundred and eighty four individual biographical sketches
which constitute the most convenient, comprehensive, and
authoritative text source extant for the biographies*
Qoutibre and Schutz, with their Biographies Des Trouba
dours. furnished the most important single tool for the
further pursuance of studies of these compositions, one which had long been lacking* They made broad investiga
tions, that is, researches focused on the biographies for
their own sake, easily possible*
In spite of the appearance of this new aid and of the
well-known need for a thorough study of the biographies,
no comprehensive approach to the compositions had been
undertaken. Our interest in the matter stems from just
such a combination of circumstances: a well-known and
long-recognized problem of importance, newly available
means with which to probe it, and a relatively unexplored
terrain. Since our interest in the examination of the
entire collection of biographies originally arose from
the desire to compare them with the poems of some of the
individual poets, our approach to the investigation was
oriented around this point. It soon became obvious that
if a thorough comparison of the biographies and the lyrics
of the Troubadours was to be made, the first requisite 321 was a complete analysis of the actual content of the Vidas and Razos. This need presented a difficulty of its own*
How were the many lives and adventures to be studied, ex actly, and what was to be done about organizing the infor mation once it had been gathered? With these questions in mind, an intensive reading of the Vidas and Razos was undertaken* We hoped that a thorough study of the texts might offer some answers to the questions* What stood out almost immediately was the obvious similarity of structure and content that the least extensive of the biographies offered practically at sight. Beyond these simple and transparent pieces, a more massive and confused panorama began to emerge* This resulted from the increase in the length and the corresponding rise in complexities of both form and content* All of these considerations pointed to the need for a very systematic approach to the comprehen sive study of the biographies.
The search for a suitable system was successfully concluded when it led to the discovery of Stith Thomp son's method of analysis* Professor Thompson's six vol ume Motif-Index of Folk-Literature proved capable of sup plying the formula with which to approach the problem.
His work, published in an enlarged and revised edition by the Indiana University Press between 1955 and 1958, was the choice for two principal reasons* First, the system has the scope for this kind of undertaking. Second, since it has been widely adopted for the classification of mo tifs, we can offer the results of this investigation to the largest number of potential users in the most practi cal and understandable form* Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of ffolk-Literature is, in his own words, "...an attempt to reduce the traditional narrative material of the whole
earth to order (as, for example, the scientists have done with the worldwide phenomena of biology) by means of clas sification of single motifs - those details out of which full fledged narratives are composed. It is these simple elements which can form a common basis for a systematic arrangement of the whole body of traditional literature."
This statement by Professor Thompson, made in the intro duction (page 10, Volume l) to the work cited above, is the guiding principle of the present Motif-Index of the
Biographies of the Troubadours. The purpose of this work is to discover and to organize the elements from which the
Vidas and the Razos were compounded. During the process of classification, no attempt was made at a critical eval uation of the components that appeared. Such judgment, important as it is, would have been of no help in the tasks of analysis and organization. On the other hand, the present work can be of considerable assistance in a large number of studies of the biographies, including a critical evaluation of the elements contained in them.
Therefore, anything that appeared as a structural part 323
of the tales was to be classified without any regard for
its relative value. This point is of great importance to
our definition of the term that governs the entire works
"motif". Stith Thompson's own broad interpretation of the word was adopted. A "motif", as used throughout this study, means any element that contributes to the structure of the
Vidas and Razos.
The need for an all inclusive approach can best be
appreciated when we take into consideration the brevity
of the genres analyzed. The length of these compositions
ranges from just three or four lines to less than two hun
dred. It is important to keep in mind, in this respect,
that we are dealing not only with genres but with tradi
tion as well. The three genres, the Vidas, the Razos,
and the combination of the two, became a tradition by
having been cast in the same molds for some one hundred
years. This means, first, that we are dealing with an
intentional brevity in these forms, and, second, that any
element that does go into the composition of such brief
and time honored formulas must be considered deliberate
and integral. These are the reasons for accepting any
element found in the structure of a Vida or Razo as a mo
tif without any concern for its relative importance. Ex
perience proved the need for maintaining this attitude
toward the analysis of the compositions. Indirectly, the
preceding is also a statement of the approach adopted by 32k
Stith Thompson in the organization of his system.for it is the foundation on which his work rests*
As the research progressed, it became more and more evident that the Vidas and Razos were worthy of careful study per se instead of simply for the investigation of their relationship to another literary form, in this case, the lyrics of the poets about idiom they had been written*
Since we could alter the purpose for which we were making the analyses without affecting the work in progress, we decided to continue the study with the prose itself as the ultimate goal* Nor did that change impair the poten tial use of the Motif-Index for the purpose originally intended, that is, to serve as a basis on which to esta blish a comparison of the lyrics of a given poet with the
Vidas and Razos that are available about him. The biogra phies continued to present more complexities, interests, and breadth than had been anticipated* In addition, once the one hundred and eighty four Vidas and Razos had been catalogued, we found that they contained a considerable number of lyrics. Thus, in spite of having restricted the field of investigation, we could still use the ana lytical techniques adopted on both Proven9al prose and lyrics.
Some of the difficulties to be solved were of such a nature that no amount of care could eliminate all traces of subjectivity despite the efforts made to avoid it. 325
That is the case, for instance, in a problem that falls under the classification of A lif6U.lf. * Literary criti cism. Examination of the motifs that have been .assigned to that heading shows that the critical statements made about the works of the poets often concern not only what we would consider literary criticism but also what we would probably call musical, rather than literary, cri ticism. To further complicate the problem and to lend credenoe, perhaps, to the apparent need to evaluate the words and the music separately, we sometimes find praise for the lyrics where there is only disdain for the melody.
This individual treatment of the musical and literary elements seems to demand separate classification. In ternal evidence alone cannot supply the solution to this problem. It is not a particularly difficult one but it requires a subjective approach because we must rely on a knowledge of the tradition to know that, as Jeanroy puts it, "...le texte et la mdlodie 6tant, dans une podsie lyrique, parfaitement inseparables." (Tome 1, page 135), allows all of the remarks of the critic, whether they were about the lyrics or the music, to be classed as lit erary criticism instead of as both literary and musical criticism.
When we read in Vida XXXIX that Qausbert Amiel "... non entendet mais en domna plus gentil de se •••", we are confronted with a text that is open to several interpre tations. Are we to understand that the poet restricted his attentions only to those ladies who were "plus gentil de se"? Does it mean, perhaps, that he was a timid soul?
Or, can it mean that for some reason he did not aspire to ladies of a higher station than his own? In view of the fact that such a disparity was the very essence of the tradition of the Troubadours, it is extremely unlikely that the text intended to convey the idea that the poet saved his attentions only for ladies "plus gentil de se".
The author would have been stating, not the obvious, but rather the sine qua non of the amorous intrigues of the genres. This knowledge of the tradition is the subjective key to the solution of the problem. As for timidity, it is admissible, but not very lilcely because the general tone of the Vida is laudatory and the authors of the biog raphies had no qualms about making their opinions crystal clear, especially when they were unfavorable. The state ment that the poet "...non entendet mais en domna plus gentil de se ..." is followed by another which tells us that Gausbert Araiet "...fetz los sieus vers plus mesuratz de hom que anc mais trobes." On the strength of internal evidence alone, the key to the interpretation of the text at hand is the word "mesuratz". The term is a rather com plex one in this tradition for it carries not only the meaning of restraint but also a connotation of wisdom, and in this case, of knowledge as well. Once again, it 327 • is a matter, of being familiar, with the tradition-, in which we are working and applying that information to the inter-: pretation that just cannot be derived from the text alone*
We often found that the solution to problems of this kind lay in a combination of internal evidence and subjectivity.
The preceding cases are examples of the literary and interpretive nature of the problems that were encountered during the course of this study* It was due to those needs that the author had to submit to some subjective approaches in an investigation that demands the utmost objectivity in order to attain the goals of maximum utility and im partiality. Therefore, to the extent demanded by problems like these, the author must act as the reader's guide and accepts full responsibility for the decisions reached*
"Non raolti anni dopo che Turoldo in lingua d'oil aveva creato la prima grande opera della letteratura nuova," writes Antonio Viscardi (page 125, Storia Delle
Letterature D'Oc E D'Oil). "sorge, nell1ambiente cortese della Francia Meridionale, quello che gih abbiamo indicato come il primo consapevole movimento letterario della nuova
Europa, il movimento trobadorico." For this reason alone a complete analysis of all of the Vidas and Razos would have been worth doing* That it should be done, in fact, has been the opinion of Provencal scholars ever since it was first suggested by Jeanroy. That it has remained un done for over a century since Provencal studies got under 328 way in earnest is in itself a remarkable fact. The reason for this default must be attributed, it seems, to the lack of.the two most important tools available nows the com plete and authoritative Biographies Des Troubadours by
Boutifcre and Schutz and Professor Thompson's Hotif-Index of Polk-Literature. These two works are invaluable tools for studies of this kind in the realm of the Vidas and Razos.
In addition to being "...il primo consapevole movi- mento letterario della nuova Europa, il movimento troba- dorico.", as Viscardi puts it, these prose compositions are also what Bouti&re and Schutz term "...des recueils qui constituent la promifere dbauche d'histoire litteraire existant en Europe(page XII, Introduction). As such, they present an extremely interesting study in literary criti cism. The items that are grouped in this Ilotif-Index of the Biographies of the Troubadours under the A 1^6^.^. *
Literary criticism and under the A lJ*6I|-.^.l. * Indirect literary criticism classifications furnish the texts for an interesting window on jthe critical world of these very early literary historians.
The distinction between the two categories mentioned above is that A 1^6^.^. * represents the direct expression of the author of the Vida or Razo in question whereas
A 1^6^.^.1. * presents the writer of the Proven9al text in the role of transmitter of the criticism originally expressed by someone else. The frequency of indirect 329 appraisals in the biographies is very low. Vida VI in forms us that the poet "Ben fo grazitz pres e loing per los bons sos qu'es fasia."; XXXVIII.A states that "••• el ni sos cansos no eran grazidas ni volgudas.", and
LXXXVIII tells us that "No fo mout conogutz ni mout pre- zatz." In all three cases it is evident that the author of the Vidas concerned is not speaking directly for him self. He is, instead, simply reporting what was thought, in these cases, by some anonymous entity, the people presumably.
As even a cursory examination of the A lif6k.i|-. * classification in the index shows, it is one of the most extensive listed. This quantitative evidence is, in it self, ample proof of the critical orientation of the au thors of the Vidas and Razos. There is a remarkable con sistency of viewpoint inherent in this fact when we con sider that the genres studied here span a period of about a hundred years and have their origins in oral performances in at least two countries, Trance and Italy. At this point, it seems appropriate to mention that the source of a certain amount of the critical attitude must be attri buted to the poets themselves. That this critical bent should be transmitted to the commentators of those same poets certainly cannot be regarded as strange. We must keep in mind that within this "movimento" there were still others made up of partisans of different composition tech 330 niques and of different esthetic values. Credit for having . originated this feeling for the evaluation of poetic arts must be given, in part at least, to the poets. Prom this point of view, wo can say that the origins of literary criticism in the Proven9al tradition precede the thir teenth and fourteenth century biographies by some one hun dred years.
It is interesting to examine the range of criticism found in these compositions. Quantitatively, there is little difference bettireen the least and the most exten sive examples of it. On the one hand, we find a very brief and all inclusive appraisal of only several words:
" ...fo bons trobaire." And at the other extreme, we do not encounter more than several lines of commentary at best. Between these two limits, there is a considerable critical apparatus to be found. This is especially true when the dates of these texts are taken into account. If we are to reach a full appreciation of these critics, it is important to recall, now, what Jeanroy had to say about the inseparability of the words and the music: 11 ...le texte et la m^lodie 6tant," he wrote, "dans une pofisie lyrique, parfaitement inseparables."
This fact partially explains the variety of talents that we find measured for us by the authors of these Vidas and Razos. They include the ability of the poet to write lyrics, to compose music, to sing, to play an instrument, . 33.1 / and even to speak* One of the most obvious of the critic's requirements is the ability to distinguish the forms that the various poets cultivated* Investigation showed the use of basic forms that were practiced for considerable periods of time. These include the very early vers and pastoretas. as well as the later cansos. sirventes. cobias. tensos and descortz. Very often, the Vida or Razo itself will clarify what is meant by the form mentioned: "E fez sirventes joglaresc de lausar los pros e de blasmar los malvatz." In other cases, the form named is contained within the biography. Vida VIII is a good example of this technique, in fact, in that Vida, the eight lines of prose are heavily outnumbered by the twenty lines of lyrics.
The critic often volunteers the information that the poet was not a "...trobaire de vers ni de chansos, mas de ten sos." Or, we may be told that he was one who "Hal can- tava e mal trobava e mal violava e peichs parlava, e ben escrivia motz e sons."
Nor is the aspect of literary history, as such, ig nored. Speaking of Harcabru, the author of LXIV.B tells us that "...en aqel temps non appellava horn cansson, mas tot qant horn cantava eron vers." About Guiraut De Borneill, the biographer informs us that Borneill "...fo meiller . trobaire que negus d'aquels qu'eron estat denan ni foron apres lui; per que fo apellatz maestre .-dels- trobadors, et es ancar per toz aquels que ben entendon subtils ditz 332 ni ben pauzatz d'araor ni de sen.” Peire De Valeira's. biography offers this evaluation of his effortst "...e fez ver.s ta.ls com horn fazia adoncs, de paubra valor, de foillas e de flors, e de cans e de ausels. Sei cantar non aguen gran valor ..."; Cercamon "...trobet vers e pastoretas a la usanza antiga.”, his historian states.
Garin D'Apchier is reputed to be the one who "...fetz lo premier descort que anc fos faz ...", a statement that
Jeanroy challenged and, upon investigation, discovered to be without foundation. It has already been mentioned that these Vidas and Razos contain inaccuracies, but, in spite of this lamentable fact, the efforts of the critics and historians who wrote them are none the less laudable.
Arnaut Daniel, of course, is the master who "...pres una maniera de trobar en caras rimas, per que soas cansons no son leus ad entendre", and then the scribe goes on to add,
"ni ad aprendre". It seems that even in those remote times the public found the "moon - June" school of lyrics easier to commit to memory.
These literary critics and historians were, admittedly, not always entirely accurate in their remarks, but they did the best they could with the materials at hand. They showed a remarkably versatile vievrpoint for such a complex art at a time when it did not yet really exist. They were creating it as they practiced it. In spite of the errors that have been found in the Vidas and Razos, they contain • 3 3 3 valuable information about the Troubadours that we other-,
wise might never have inherited. It is not difficult to
see some of. the reasons that have endeared the biographies
to the students of the Proveneal tradition for the more
than a hundred years since studies in this area began.
These comments on the literary criticism in the Vidas
and the Razos, while by no means extensive, give some idea
about what can be done with the materials that this Motif-'
Index of the Biographies of the Troubadours has marshalled.
The reader investigating a given problem in these prose
sketches will find that the information he seeks will be
easily traced no matter how much or how little of it there
may be. As a matter of fact, this highly organized pre
sentation of the contents of all of the biographies will
be invaluable, in terms of time saved, for those readers
who find little of importance to their problems in them.
Tor those whose skill with the language is appreciable,
the indexes provided here will speed their searches and
allow more time for the reading of the texts of interest,
no small matter when faced by almost two hundred composi
tions of varying difficulty.
Since we-are dealing with a prose form in these biog
raphies, and with a novesiltic technique, one of the ob
vious investigations that this Motif-Index can facilitate
is that of the actual structure of the Vidas and Razos.
Two features of this work can be of assistance in such an 331*
endeavor. First, the index of motifs that follows the
biographies will put any one element at the reader's dis
posal with a minimum of effort. Further, the development
of that element, if any, can then be seen in isolation if
he so desires. Second, the arrangement that this work
offers of the individual Vidas and Razos can make the pro
cess of comparing the growth complexities much easier.
The investigator has available both the individual compo
nents and the essentially whole composition as well.
A few remarks about the Z U-71 . * Place of origin
classification will serve to illustrate the matter of the
development of novelistic techniques. "N'Aimerics de
Piguillan si fo de Tolosa ..." is a good example of the
simplest, most straightforward statement for establishing
the place of origin of the Troubadour. A study of this
Z Ur? 1. * Place of origin classification showed that this
simple formula could be varied into a text like the follow
ing: "Arnautz de Meruoill si fo de l'evesquat de Peire-
gors, d'un castel que a nom Meruoill ...". Another de
velopment reads as follows: "Garins d'Apchier si fo uns
castellans de Jauvadan, de l'evesquat de Meinde, qu'es en
la marqua d'Alverne e de Roserge e de l'evesquat del Puoi
Sainta Maria." Although the latter is considerably more
complex than the simplest version: "...si fo de Tolosa
...", one basic element remains the same: the basis of
the location technique. The formulas up to this point are entirely geographical. Vida X t however, offers a new and interesting variation that remains a relatively simple formula in spite of the innovation: "Arnautz Daniels si fo d'aquella encontrada don fo N'Arnautz de Meruoill, de l'evesquat de Peiregors, d'un castel que a nom Ribaurac
Now, in this case, something very different has been added, in fact it amounts to two things in one. First, the identification of the place of origin is aided by ref erence, and, second, that reference is personal rather than geographical as some are: "...si fo d'aquella encontrada don fo N 1Arnautz de Meruoill An example of the technique of origin location by geographical rather than by personal reference is the following: "Deude de Pradas si fo de Rosergue, d'un bore que a nom Pradas, pres de la ciutat de Rodes quatre legas ...". In order to examine these particular formulas more closely, the reader needs only refer to the Place of origin and the Place of origin by reference classifications in the index provided and the roman numerals listed there will lead him quickly to every occurrence of these motifs in the Vidas and Razos.
The same ease applies to the study of any of the nu merous categories that the reader may find interesting or necessary. Until now, all of the suggestions and illus trations have been internal, that is, focused on the bi ographies alone. However, such need not be the case at all. The same facility described above applies to external 336 uses of the Motif-Index. It is just as easy to trace mo tifs being sought for comparative purposes. One can seek relationships between the Vidas and Razos and Juan Ruiz or Dante or the lyrics of the Troubadours themselves.
This Motif-Index of the Biographies of the Troubadours will facilitate comparative studies between the Vidas and Razos and the reader's own special interests whatever they may be.
"En dgpit de leurs lacunes, de leurs erreurs et de lours l&gendes, vidas et razos nous sont pourtant fort pr£cieuses. Sans elles, nous ne saurions presque rien de l 1existence de la plupart des troubadours. Elles constituent, par ailleurs, les premieres €bauches de ce que seront beaucoup plus tard, les biographies litt^raires de caract&re scientifique; certaines, d'etendue plus considerable, sont les lointains ancStres des vies ro mances, de la nouvelle et du roman modernes. Si 1 1 ex pression y est pauvre, la langue est simple et claire; le style, monotone souvent, a parfois une certaine ele gance; et, somma .toute, elles nous offrent le meilleur specimen esistant de la prose proven9ale du Moyen Sge."
The preceding statement by Bouti&re and Schutz (page XVII,
Introduction) regarding the most interesting facets of the biographies is the promise that awaits the investi gator of the genres examined here. In fact, the author is pursuing some of the more intriguing structural, cri tical, and novelistic aspects of the Vidas and Razos as a separate study* The potential inherent in the study of the biographies per se has merely been suggested by the brief illustrations used to demonstrate it in this con clusion.
We began the preparation of this Motif-Index of the
Biographies of the Troubadours with the dual purposes of producing something interesting and rewarding for us and of some utility to others. Its termination marks at least a partial realization of those goals and a greater appre ciation of the Boutidre and Schutz reference to the Vidas and Razos of the Provenfal Troubadours (Intro., p. XXVIII) as the " ...plus int£ressant des textes de prose proven-
9ale que le Moyen &ge nous a laisses BIBLIOGRAPHY
Appel, Carl, Provenzalische Chrestomathie, Leipzig,
0. R. Relsland, 1930
Bertonl, Giulio, I Trovatorl d'ltalla. Blografle, testl, traduzloni, note. Modena, 1915, Editore, Cav.
Umberto Orlandini
Boutlfere, Jean, and Schutz, A. H., Biographies Des
Troubadours. Toulouse, Privat - Paris, Didier, 1950
Cabeen, D. C., Editor, A Critical Bibliography of
French Literature. Volume 1, The Mediaeval Period. Edited by U. T. Holmes, Jr. Syracuse University Press, 19^7,
Augmented 1952
Chabaneau, C., Les Biographies des troubadours en langue provencale. publitfes intferalement pour la pre miere fois. Toulouse, 1885, Tome X, L'Histoire g^ndrale de Languedoc.
Chaytor, Rev. H. J., The Troubadours. Cambridge,
University Press, 1912
De Riquer, Martin, La Lirica de los Trovadores.
338
o 339
Barcelona, Escuela de Filologfa, 19^8
Jeanroy, Alfred, La Po^sie lvrlque des Troubadours,
Toulouse, Privat - Paris, Didier, 193^
Keller, John Esten, Motif-Index of Mediaeval Spanish
Exempla. The University of Tennessee Press, 19^9
Levy, Emil, Provenzalisches Supplement-Worterbuch.
Leipzig, 0. R. Reisland, 189^
Milk y Fontanals, D, Manuel, De los Trovadores En
Espafia. Estudio de poesia y lengua provenzal. Barcelona,
A. Verdaguer, 1889
Pillet, Alfred, and Carstens, Henry, Bibliographic der Troubadours. Max Niemeyer Yerlag, Halle, 1933
Pound, Ezra, The Spirit of Romance. London, Peter
Owen, 1952, Revised
Remy, Paul, La Litt^rature Provencale au Moven Age.
Bruxelles, 1 9 ^ , Office De Publicite, J. Lebegue & Cie.
Rotunda, D. P., Motif-Index of the Italian Novella in Prose* Indiana University Publications. Folklore 3^0
Series No. 2. Bloomington, 19^2
Thompson, Stith, Motif-Index of Folk-Literature.
Indiana University Press, Bloomington, 1955 - 1958
Viscardi, Antonio, Storia Delle Letterature P !0c
E D f0il. Milano, Nuova Accademia Editrice, 1959 AUTOBIOGRAPHY
I, John Anthony Macedonia, was born in Steubenville,
Ohio, March 20, 1920. I received ray primary and secondary
school education in the parochial schools of Steubenville,
Ohio, and ray undergraduate training at The Ohio State
University, which granted me the Bachelor of Arts degree
in 1 9 ^ • Following graduation, I spent twelve years in
the business world, in Ohio, Texas, Arkansas, and Florida.
I returned to The Ohio State University in 1956. There,
I undertook a graduate program in the Department of
Romance Languages, specializing in Medieval Romance
Studies* I was appointed an Instructor of Romance Lan
guages in the Department, and taught French, Spanish,
and Italian xdiile completing the requirements for the
Doctor of Philosophy degree.
3^1