Early Islamic World
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Islamic Geometric Patterns Jay Bonner
Islamic Geometric Patterns Jay Bonner Islamic Geometric Patterns Their Historical Development and Traditional Methods of Construction with a chapter on the use of computer algorithms to generate Islamic geometric patterns by Craig Kaplan Jay Bonner Bonner Design Consultancy Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA With contributions by Craig Kaplan University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario, Canada ISBN 978-1-4419-0216-0 ISBN 978-1-4419-0217-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0217-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017936979 # Jay Bonner 2017 Chapter 4 is published with kind permission of # Craig Kaplan 2017. All Rights Reserved. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. -
The Culmination of Tradition-Based Tafsīr the Qurʼān Exegesis Al-Durr Al-Manthūr of Al-Suyūṭī (D. 911/1505)
The Culmination of Tradition-based Tafsīr The Qurʼān Exegesis al-Durr al-manthūr of al-Suyūṭī (d. 911/1505) by Shabir Ally A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Near and Middle Eastern Civilizations University of Toronto © Copyright by Shabir Ally 2012 The Culmination of Tradition-based Tafsīr The Qurʼān Exegesis al-Durr al-manthūr of al-Suyūṭī (d. 911/1505) Shabir Ally Doctor of Philosophy Department of Near and Middle Eastern Civilizations University of Toronto 2012 Abstract This is a study of Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī’s al-Durr al-manthūr fi-l-tafsīr bi-l- ma’thur (The scattered pearls of tradition-based exegesis), hereinafter al-Durr. In the present study, the distinctiveness of al-Durr becomes evident in comparison with the tafsīrs of al- a arī (d. 310/923) and I n Kathīr (d. 774/1373). Al-Suyūṭī surpassed these exegetes by relying entirely on ḥadīth (tradition). Al-Suyūṭī rarely offers a comment of his own. Thus, in terms of its formal features, al-Durr is the culmination of tradition- based exegesis (tafsīr bi-l-ma’thūr). This study also shows that al-Suyūṭī intended in al-Durr to subtly challenge the tradition- ased hermeneutics of I n Taymīyah (d. 728/1328). According to Ibn Taymīyah, the true, unified, interpretation of the Qurʼān must be sought in the Qurʼān ii itself, in the traditions of Muḥammad, and in the exegeses of the earliest Muslims. Moreover, I n Taymīyah strongly denounced opinion-based exegesis (tafsīr bi-l-ra’y). -
University of Lo Ndo N Soas the Umayyad Caliphate 65-86
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON SOAS THE UMAYYAD CALIPHATE 65-86/684-705 (A POLITICAL STUDY) by f Abd Al-Ameer 1 Abd Dixon Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philoso] August 1969 ProQuest Number: 10731674 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731674 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 2. ABSTRACT This thesis is a political study of the Umayyad Caliphate during the reign of f Abd a I -M a lik ibn Marwan, 6 5 -8 6 /6 8 4 -7 0 5 . The first chapter deals with the po litical, social and religious background of ‘ Abd al-M alik, and relates this to his later policy on becoming caliph. Chapter II is devoted to the ‘ Alid opposition of the period, i.e . the revolt of al-Mukhtar ibn Abi ‘ Ubaid al-Thaqafi, and its nature, causes and consequences. The ‘ Asabiyya(tribal feuds), a dominant phenomenon of the Umayyad period, is examined in the third chapter. An attempt is made to throw light on its causes, and on the policies adopted by ‘ Abd al-M alik to contain it. -
COURSE SYLLABUS RELS 6631 Seminar in Islamic Studies W 3:30-6:15 Dr. John C. Reeves Macy 204B Office Hours
COURSE SYLLABUS RELS 6631 Seminar in Islamic Studies W 3:30-6:15 Dr. John C. Reeves Macy 204B Office hours: WR 2:30-3:30; or by appointment [email protected] Home Page of John C. Reeves Course description: ‘Current and seminal issues related to the study of Islam.’ The topic for this spring’s seminar is Situating Islam Within Late Antiquity. Scholars have often used the appearance of Islam in the Mediterranean world of the seventh century as a marker of rupture signaling the violent demise of the classical societies of antiquity and the onset of what the West terms the ‘Dark Ages,’ an era when learning and ‘civilized life’ were supposedly supplanted by barbarism and fanaticism. We by contrast will study the emergence of Islam in the Near East in terms of its manifold ideological continuities with the monotheistic currents flowing through Roman, Iranian, Aksumite, and South Arabian religious communities in the sixth and seventh centuries of the Common Era. Early Islamic discourse and practice exemplifies the hegemony of what might be termed an ‘Abrahamic idiom’ of cultural expression; i.e., an articulation of one’s cultural identity in terms of an ethnic or religious association with the characters, locales, practices, and ideas found in and promoted by the various forms of Bible circulating within and beyond the Roman Empire during roughly the first half of the first millennium CE. Much of our work in this course will involve a close comparative exploration of the way Bible and Qur’ān render shared characters and narrative scenarios. We will juxtapose, isolate, and analyze their similarities and differences with a view toward unpacking their broader significance. -
Learning Institutes of Pre-Islam and Early Islamic Century and Their
UNDER PEER REVIEW 1 Original Research Article 2 3 Learning Institutes of Pre-Islam and Early 4 Islamic Century and their Transformation th 5 into Formal Madrasah in 11 Century 6 7 8 9 10 ABSTRACT: The learning institutes and centers in the Pre-Islam and Early Islamic era were really remarkable and may countless. This study shows the development of Madrasah in the 11th century from various learning institutes and centers in the past. The historical methodology was used in this study, where, the researcher studied the documents related to the evolution of Madrasah. This paper is an analytical study, in which the historical documents, journals, articles and publication related to this subject area were studied to develop this research paper. This paper focuses on the formation of Madrasah Institute. Thus, main objective of this paper is to show how the various learning centers and institutes of pre-islam and early Islamic century were transformed into the formal institutionalized picture of Madrasah on the basis of historical stand point. The result of this effort shows the growth of a formal Madrasah in the 11th century of Muslim civilization. In this regard, this paper presents different types of learning institutes and centers which later on evolved into prestigious Madrasah. Kuttab, Maktab, Halaqah, Suffah, Majlis, Jamiah, Jami Masjid and Khan Complex are among the examples. A brief important study on the formation of Madrasah provides a solid research to inform the nations about the original history on the formation of Madrasah in 11th century. The Study demonstrated various public educations enters like Maktab, Kuttab, Halaqah, Suffah, Jami (Friday Mosque), Jami’ah (University) and libraries were the main sources of Madrasah. -
Lustre Across Time
Islamic Art and Material Culture Subject Specialist Network 1. An Introduction to Islamic Ceramics: Lustre across Time Ceramics with metallic glazes imitating precious metal, known as lustreware, was a Middle Eastern invention. The technology was adapted from the lustre decoration used on Egyptian and Syrian glass in the eighth century (Fig. 1). It was first used on pottery produced in Iraq during the Abbasid dynasty in the ninth century. The earliest was pottery or fired earthenware covered in a white tin-glaze. This was a lead glaze to which a small amount of tin (imported from South East Asia or Europe) was added. The tin opacified the glaze, turning it white during a second firing. The result was a vessel with a superficial resemblance to Chinese porcelain. To make lustreware, potters painted the white glazed surface with a clay-like mixture containing powdered metallic oxides from silver and copper. This was placed in a partially oxygen starved or reducing atmosphere - a third firing - executed at a much lower temperature (about 500-600°C). The heat leads to the formation of microscopic metal particles which remain imbedded on the surface, this is then burnished or rubbed to bring out the lustrous reflective painting. The knowledge of this costly technique used on elite ceramic ware was probably spread by the movement of potters throughout the Middle East; when one centre declined, another became more prosperous, attracting artisans looking for new patronage. From Iraq the technology spread to Egypt, in Fustat (old Cairo), where it was used to decorate fritware (also called stonepaste), an artificial ceramic body developed by Middle Eastern potters around the middle of the 11th century. -
Islamic Ceramics, Indelible Creations: Assessing and Preserving the Scripps Collection Josephine Ren
Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont Scripps Senior Theses Scripps Student Scholarship 2019 Islamic Ceramics, Indelible Creations: Assessing and Preserving the Scripps Collection Josephine Ren Recommended Citation Ren, Josephine, "Islamic Ceramics, Indelible Creations: Assessing and Preserving the Scripps Collection" (2019). Scripps Senior Theses. 1353. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1353 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Scripps Student Scholarship at Scholarship @ Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scripps Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholarship @ Claremont. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ren 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements……………………………………………...………………………2 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………...3 Chapter 1. Surveying the Scripps Islamic Ceramics…………………………………….9 Condition Reports, Formal Analyses, and Contextual Backgrounds Appendix 1……………………………………………………………………………...39 Figures Chapter 2. Ethics, Problems, and Proposals for Future Collections Care……………...64 Preventive Conservation and Prioritization of Certain Wares Appendix 2……………………………………………………………………………...80 Figures Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………....87 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………….90 Ren 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to begin by thanking my readers for all their time, mental energy, and support in overseeing this project. These colleges are fortunate to have you and your expertise. Professor Blessing has been key -
Middle Byzantine Aesthetics and the Incomparability of Islamic
Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College History of Art Faculty Research and Scholarship History of Art 2010 Middle Byzantine Aesthetics and the Incomparability of Islamic Art: The Architectural Ekphraseis of Nikolaos Mesarites Alicia Walker Bryn Mawr College, [email protected] Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.brynmawr.edu/hart_pubs Custom Citation Alicia Walker, "Middle Byzantine Aesthetics and the Incomparability of Islamic Art: The Architectural Ekphraseis of Nikolaos Mesarites," Muqarnas 27 (2010): 79-101. This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. http://repository.brynmawr.edu/hart_pubs/57 For more information, please contact [email protected]. ALICIA WALKER MIDDLE BYZANTINE AESTHETICS OF POWER AND THE INCOMPARABILITY OF ISLAMIC ART: THE ARCHITECTURAL EKPHRASEIS OF NIKOLAOS MESARITES An early thirteenth-century historical treatise, The between churches and this building, or between sacred Palace Revolt of John Komnenos by Nikolaos Mesa and imperial icons and the images on the ceiling ofthe rites, an author of the middle Byzantine period (ca. Mouchroutas. Rather, these juxtapositions were con 843-1204), contains a passage that briefly describes an structed by Mesarites and indicate his reception of, not Islamic-style building, the Mouchroutas, which was part the original intentions behind, the Islamicizing work of of the imperial palace complex in Constantinople (see art. Appendix).l The author emphatically states that the Nikolaos Mesarites (d. ca. 1214) was a Byzantine structure was the work of "a Persian hand," that is to courtier from a prominent family. -
Arts D'orient Et Orientalisme
Détail du lot 191 Détail du lot 122 LUNDI 23 MAI 2016 PARIS . 14H PARIS HÔTEL DROUOT – SALLE 5 ARTS D’ORIENT ET ORIENTALISME EXPERT : Lucien ARCACHE Expert honoraire près la Cour d’Appel de Paris Expert agrée par le Conseil des Ventes Ancien Assesseur de la Commission de Conciliation et d’Expertise Douanière 39, rue Dumont d’Urville - 75116 Paris Port. +33 (0)6 11 17 77 25 Tél. +33(0)1 45 00 26 80 [email protected] [email protected] veuillez contacter - please contact : DÉPARTEMENT ARTS D’ORIENT ET ORIENTALISME 5, avenue d’EYLAU - 75116 Paris [email protected] Tél. +33 (0)1 47 27 76 71 Fax. +33 (0)1 47 27 70 89 Pour tout renseignement, demande de rapport de condition, enregistrement d’ordres d’achat, For any questions, condition reports, absentee bids, etc. Expositions publiques Hôtel Drouot Expositions privées sur rendez-vous Samedi 21 mai 2016 de 11h à 18h jusqu’au Jeudi 19 mai 2016, Lundi 23 mai 2016 de 11h à 12h avenue d’Eylau - 75116 Paris Détail du lot 117 TABLEAUX ET SCULPTURES Arts d’Orient et Orientalisme ORIENTALISTES Provenant de diverses collections ne centaine de tableaux dont une technique mixte d’Aly Ben Salem, une toile Ud’Arrigoni-Neri représentant un « Rassemblement aux pieds des rochers », un pastel d’Emile Deckers, un panneau d’Eugène Deshayes représentant « Trois jeunes algériennes aux bijoux », un panneau de Théodore Frère « Femmes près d’un mausolée », une superbe toile de Jules Noel « Voiliers et caïques à Constantinople », deux huiles de Pontoy, une collection d’huiles et dessins d’Alexandre Roubtzoff, une rare toile signée A.Schreyer représentant des « Cavaliers autour de l’abreuvoir », un beau tableau de Jules Taupin « La fileuse ». -
Geographic and Cartographic Encounters Between the Islamic World and Europe, C
Mapping Mediterranean Geographies: Geographic and Cartographic Encounters between the Islamic World and Europe, c. 1100-1600 by Jeremy Francis Ledger A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (History) in the University of Michigan 2016 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Diane Owen Hughes, Chair Professor Michael Bonner Associate Professor Hussein Fancy Professor Karla Mallette Professor Emilie Savage-Smith, University of Oxford © 2016 Jeremy Francis Ledger All Rights Reserved To my parents ii Acknowledgements It is with a deep sense of gratitude and appreciation that I recall the many people who generously shared their time, knowledge, and friendship during this dissertation’s composition. First, my greatest thanks go to my advisor, Diane Owen Hughes, who has guided, supported, and taught me throughout my graduate studies at Michigan. Her intellectual brilliance and breadth of knowledge has shaped this dissertation and my own thinking in so many ways. I could not have asked for a better mentor. I also want to give a special thanks to my dissertation committee. I learned much from long discussions with Michael Bonner, who shares my enthusiasm for the history of medieval and early modern geography and cartography. His advice on sources to consult and paths to follow has been instrumental in the completion of this project. I thank Hussein Fancy, for stimulating conversations and for always pushing me to think in new ways. I have further benefitted from my other committee members, Emilie Savage-Smith and Karla Mallette. Their careful reading and thoughtful critiques have been invaluable to me. At Michigan, the Department of History, the Medieval and Early Modern Studies Program, the Eisenberg Institute, and the Rackham Graduate School have provided an intellectual home as well as funding for my research and writing. -
Going Geometric: Math in Pattern and Design
Going Geometric: Math in Pattern and Design Grade level 7th, 8th grades Subject area/s Math, Visual Art GPS/Common Mathematics Georgia Performance Standards Core Standards MM1P4. MM1G3. Georgia Performance Standards for Visual Arts VA7CU.2 VA8CU.1 Objective The student will create a tessellated pattern using repeating geometric shapes. The student will understand the significance of geometric patterns in works of art, particularly from the Middle East Materials Geometric shapes (blocks or paper cutouts) Visual examples of geometric patterns in art – online or on paper Graph paper Pencils Rulers Materials for tessellations (teacher’s choice) Handout (optional) Instructions Have students experiment with the concept of shapes and tessellation. Have students work with patterned blocks or cutout shapes, if possible. Afterwards discuss which shapes will tessellate (like squares, hexagons) and ones that don’t (circles). Show examples of geometric designs in Islamic patterns (particularly tile and some wood carving) that range from simple to complex. [See the resources section for suggestions.] Use the handout, below, if desired. Discuss the significance of the use of geometry in Islamic artwork as well as typical styles of decoration. (Simply put, early Islamic craftsmen considered geometry and mathematics to be complex and infinite, and therefore a reflection of the divine. Employing these types of patterns would both be a reflection of, and a way to honor, God.) As a group, discuss similar tendencies students notice in the examples. (Note that the shapes tend to have decoration inside as well as creating an overall pattern.) Based on the visual information they’ve seen, have students create their own tessellating patterns, with materials of your choice. -
Religious Difference in Arabic Accounts of Three Berber
Nicola Clarke 510 ‘They are the most treacherous of people’: religious difference in Arabic accounts of three early medieval Berber revolts1 Nicola Clarke Newclastle University ʿAbd al-Malik b. Ḥabīb, a jurist and historian who died in the middle of the ninth century, concluded his account of the eighth-century Muslim conquest of his native Iberia with an extended dialogue scene, set at the court of the Umayyad caliphate (r. 661-750) in Damascus. The dialogue is between Mūsā b. Nuṣayr, the commander of the conquest armies, and Sulaymān b. ʿAbd al-Malik, who had recently succeeded his brother al-Walīd as caliph. It takes a conventional form: a series of terse questions from the caliph (“Tell me about al- Andalus!”) are met with responses that have the ring of aphorism. Here stereotypes dwell, not least in the comments on Berbers: [Sulaymān] said, “Tell me about the Berbers.” [Mūsā] replied, “They are the non- Arabs who most resemble the Arabs (hum ashbah al-ʿajam bi-al-ʿarab) [in their] bravery, steadfastness, endurance and horsemanship, except that they are the most treacherous of people (al-nās) – they [have] no [care for] loyalty, nor for pacts.” (Ibn Ḥabīb, 148)2 The conquest had taken place over a century before this narrative was written. By all accounts, Berbers – recruited during the long conquest of North Africa – had made up the overwhelming majority of the army that crossed the sea to Iberia. Subsequent decades brought waves of additional Arab settlers to al-Andalus (Islamic Iberia), but Berbers remained an important demographic force in the Peninsula.