Questions for Islamic Art

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

www.YoYoBrain.com - Accelerators for Memory and Learning Questions for Islamic Art Category: Final - (15 questions) mosque Muslim house of prayer. maqsurah Screen which encloses the area of the mihrab and minbar in early mosques mihrab a niche in the wall of a mosque that indicates the qibla, that is, the direction of Mecca that is where Kaaba is, this is the way Muslims should face when praying. minbar a pulpit in the mosque where the Imam (leader of prayer) stands to deliver sermons (khutbah ____ ). The minbar is usually shaped like a small tower with a pointed roof and stairs leading up to it. It is often richly ornamented, though in its simplest form the minbar is just a small platform with only a few steps. The minbar is located to the right of the mihrab, minaret distinctive architectural features of Islamic mosques. Minarets are generally tall spires with onion-shaped crowns, usually either free standing or much taller than any surrounding support structure. qibla an Arabic word for the direction that should be faced when a Muslim prays sunni the largest denomination of Islam shi'i he largest minority denomination (10-20%) based on the Islamic faith after Sunni Islam. madrasa any type of school, secular or religious bimaristan hospital iznik a city in Turkey fritware a type of pottery where frit is added to clay in order to reduce its fusion temperature. This allows the mixture to be fired at a lower temperature than clay alone. kufic the oldest calligraphic form of the various Arabic scripts shahnama "The Great Book" , is an enormous poetic opus written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi around 1000 CE and is the national epic of the Persian speaking world. The Sh_hn_meh tells the mythical and historical past of Iran from the creation of the world up until the Islamic conquest of Iran in the 7th century. diwan an oriental high governmental body, such as the Imperial council in the former Ottoman Empire and its successor states.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Islamic Geometric Patterns Jay Bonner
Islamic Geometric Patterns Jay Bonner Islamic Geometric Patterns Their Historical Development and Traditional Methods of Construction with a chapter on the use of computer algorithms to generate Islamic geometric patterns by Craig Kaplan Jay Bonner Bonner Design Consultancy Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA With contributions by Craig Kaplan University of Waterloo Waterloo, Ontario, Canada ISBN 978-1-4419-0216-0 ISBN 978-1-4419-0217-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0217-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017936979 # Jay Bonner 2017 Chapter 4 is published with kind permission of # Craig Kaplan 2017. All Rights Reserved. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.
[Show full text]
Voor Mijn Ouders En Grootouders Promotor Prof. Dr
voor mijn ouders en grootouders Promotor Prof. dr. Frank Vermeulen Vakgroep Archeologie Decaan Prof. dr. Marc Boone Rector Prof. dr. Anne De Paepe Nederlandse vertaling: Publieke badhuizen en badgewoontes in de late oudheid Kaftinformatie: Grondplan van de baden in de Via della Foce in Ostia (Italië)(naar: Nielsen 1993b, 96, fig. 72) Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand, of openbaar gemaakt, in enige vorm of op enige wijze, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch, door fotokopieën, opnamen, of enige andere manier, zonder voorafgaande toestemming van de uitgever. Faculteit Letteren & Wijsbegeerte Sadi Maréchal Public baths and bathing habits in Late Antiquity A study of the archaeological and historical evidence from Roman Italy, North Africa and Palestine between AD 285 and AD 700 Volume 2: catalogue, maps and figures Proefschrift voorgelegd tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de Archeologie 2016 Table of Contents List of Maps ......................................................................................................................... ix List of Figures ...................................................................................................................... xiii Introduction to Volume 2 ......................................................................................................... 1 Key to the general plans ................................................................................................ 2 Part 1 –
[Show full text]
Al-Hadl Yahya B. Ai-Husayn: an Introduction, Newly Edited Text and Translation with Detailed Annotation
Durham E-Theses Ghayat al-amani and the life and times of al-Hadi Yahya b. al-Husayn: an introduction, newly edited text and translation with detailed annotation Eagle, A.B.D.R. How to cite: Eagle, A.B.D.R. (1990) Ghayat al-amani and the life and times of al-Hadi Yahya b. al-Husayn: an introduction, newly edited text and translation with detailed annotation, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6185/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 ABSTRACT Eagle, A.B.D.R. M.Litt., University of Durham. 1990. " Ghayat al-amahr and the life and times of al-Hadf Yahya b. al-Husayn: an introduction, newly edited text and translation with detailed annotation. " The thesis is anchored upon a text extracted from an important 11th / 17th century Yemeni historical work.
[Show full text]
___. Mittelalterliche Langhauskuppelkirchen Und Verwandte Typen in Oberägypten, Pp
______. Mittelalterliche Langhauskuppelkirchen und verwandte Typen in Oberägypten, pp. 112ff. Glückstadt, 1982. PETER GROSSMANN Maqsurah A maqsurah is a secondary side room off the sanctuary in some modern Coptic churches; it is frequently linked with the sanctuary by an opening like a window in the wall. Functionally it serves as a special prayer room for women and is therefore always adorned with a representation of the Virgin, in addition to numerous other icons. Furthermore, through the wall opening mentioned, the room can also be used for the receiving of communion. Genetically the maqsurah is probably derived from the governor's box of the same name beside the mihrab in the mosque. It was introduced there at the beginning of the Umayyad period, as a precaution against attacks upon the governor. There are early examples from Cairo in the al- Azhar mosque, built in A.D. 971 (Maqrizi, 1970, Vol. 1, p. 465), and in the Ibn Tulun mosque (Maqrizi, Vol. 1, p. 466). How far there are links with corresponding structures in Byzantine architecture is so far not clear. BIBLIOGRAPHY Diez, E. "Maqsura." In Enzyklopedia des Islam, Vol. 3, pp. 394-95. Leiden, 1936. PETER GROSSMANN Naos A naos is the sanctuary, or inner room, of an ancient Greek temple or the shrine in that room in an Egyptian temple. The term is also used to refer to the area of a church in which the laity assembles. It does not include the sanctuary or the narthex. The naos can take very different forms according to the type of building.
[Show full text]
21 Ind Early Islamic
Index This is an index of proper names only. English standard spelling was preferred to transliterations or to French spelling. The article “al” is not considered for alphabetization. ‘Abbasids 4, 22, 36, 46, 49, 63, 64, 66, ‘Aqabah 10, 133 67, 101, 131, 132, 134, 135, 137, 139–41, ‘Arabah, wadi 133 143–6, 148, 156, 157, 215, 219, 220, Artzruni 47 235–9, 247, 250, 254 Ascalon 126 ‘Abd al-Malik 20, 23, 48, 64, 72, 96, al-Ash’ari 313 142, 144, 145, 147, 178, 185 Assyrians 176 ‘Abd al-Mu’min 102 Aswan 244 ‘Abd al-Rahman II 261 ‘Atlit 124 ‘Abd al-Rahman III 271 Ayyubids 137, 160 Abou Gosh 124 Azar 93, 233 Abraha 62 Azhar 244, 268 Abraham 61, 88, 89, 93 al-’Aziz 237 Abu al-Fida 128 al-Azraq 133 Abu al-Qasim 311 al-Azraqi 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, Abu ‘Ubaydah 3, 6, 24 67 Abu Yazid ai-Bistami 78 Abyaneh 318 Baghdad 36, 46, 66, 67, 132, 156, 220, Achaemenids 176, 226 244, 245, 270 Affoula 124 Bahram Gur 148, 291, 297 Afrasiyab 249 al-Baladhuri 142, 148 Aghtamar 47 Balikh 138 Agra Bamiyan 43 Taj Mahal 69, 71, 72, 91, 98, 267 al-Basasiri 244 Aleppo 80, 95, 98, 99, 135 Basra 175 Firdaws madrasah 98 Bethlehem 45 Alexander the Great 237 Church of the Nativity 44 Alexandria 3 Beth-Shan 124 Alfonso VII 272 Bishapur 291, 294, 297 Algiers 76 Bistam 78 Almohads 102, 257 Bryas 46 ‘Amman 131, 136, 151, 188 Bukhara 270, 309 al-Andalus 264, 267, 270, 272, 274 Kalayan minaret 52, 53 ‘Anjarr 134, 175, 188 Samanid mausoleum 309 Antioch 135, 166, 179 Buran 236 321 322 index Burgos 271, 272 Delhi Las Huelgas 272 Qutb-minar 80, 81 Bust 318, 319 Dioscorides
[Show full text]
Lustre Across Time
Islamic Art and Material Culture Subject Specialist Network 1. An Introduction to Islamic Ceramics: Lustre across Time Ceramics with metallic glazes imitating precious metal, known as lustreware, was a Middle Eastern invention. The technology was adapted from the lustre decoration used on Egyptian and Syrian glass in the eighth century (Fig. 1). It was first used on pottery produced in Iraq during the Abbasid dynasty in the ninth century. The earliest was pottery or fired earthenware covered in a white tin-glaze. This was a lead glaze to which a small amount of tin (imported from South East Asia or Europe) was added. The tin opacified the glaze, turning it white during a second firing. The result was a vessel with a superficial resemblance to Chinese porcelain. To make lustreware, potters painted the white glazed surface with a clay-like mixture containing powdered metallic oxides from silver and copper. This was placed in a partially oxygen starved or reducing atmosphere - a third firing - executed at a much lower temperature (about 500-600°C). The heat leads to the formation of microscopic metal particles which remain imbedded on the surface, this is then burnished or rubbed to bring out the lustrous reflective painting. The knowledge of this costly technique used on elite ceramic ware was probably spread by the movement of potters throughout the Middle East; when one centre declined, another became more prosperous, attracting artisans looking for new patronage. From Iraq the technology spread to Egypt, in Fustat (old Cairo), where it was used to decorate fritware (also called stonepaste), an artificial ceramic body developed by Middle Eastern potters around the middle of the 11th century.
[Show full text]
Islamic Ceramics, Indelible Creations: Assessing and Preserving the Scripps Collection Josephine Ren
Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont Scripps Senior Theses Scripps Student Scholarship 2019 Islamic Ceramics, Indelible Creations: Assessing and Preserving the Scripps Collection Josephine Ren Recommended Citation Ren, Josephine, "Islamic Ceramics, Indelible Creations: Assessing and Preserving the Scripps Collection" (2019). Scripps Senior Theses. 1353. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1353 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Scripps Student Scholarship at Scholarship @ Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scripps Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholarship @ Claremont. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ren 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements……………………………………………...………………………2 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………...3 Chapter 1. Surveying the Scripps Islamic Ceramics…………………………………….9 Condition Reports, Formal Analyses, and Contextual Backgrounds Appendix 1……………………………………………………………………………...39 Figures Chapter 2. Ethics, Problems, and Proposals for Future Collections Care……………...64 Preventive Conservation and Prioritization of Certain Wares Appendix 2……………………………………………………………………………...80 Figures Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………....87 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………….90 Ren 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to begin by thanking my readers for all their time, mental energy, and support in overseeing this project. These colleges are fortunate to have you and your expertise. Professor Blessing has been key
[Show full text]
Tunisie Tunisia
TUNISIETUNISIA ROUTEUMAYYAD DES OMEYYADES ROUTE Umayyad Route TUNISIA UMAYYAD ROUTE Umayyad Route Tunisia. Umayyad Route 1st Edition, 2016 Copyright …… Index Edition Andalusian Public Foundation El legado andalusí Introduction Texts Mohamed Lamine Chaabani (secrétaire général de l’Association Liaisons Méditerranéennes); Mustapha Ben Soyah; Office National du Tourisme Tunisien (ONTT) Umayyad Project (ENPI) 5 Photographs Office National du Tourisme Tunisien; Fundación Pública Andaluza El legado andalusí; Tunisia. History and heritage 7 Association Environnement et Patrimoine d’El Jem; Inmaculada Cortés; Carmen Pozuelo; Shutterstock Umayyad and Modern Arab Food. Graphic Design, layout and maps José Manuel Vargas Diosayuda. Diseño Editorial Gastronomy in Tunis 25 Printing XXXXXX Itinerary Free distribution ISBN Kairouan 34 978-84-96395-84-8 El Jem 50 Legal Deposit Number XXXXX-2016 Monastir 60 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, nor transmitted or recorded by any information Sousse 74 retrieval system in any form or by any means, either mechanical, photochemical, electronic, photocopying or otherwise without written permission of the editors. Zaghouan 88 © of the edition: Andalusian Public Foundation El legado andalusí. Tunis 102 © of texts: their authors © of pictures: their authors Bibliography 138 The Umayyad Route is a project funded by the European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument (ENPI) and led by the Andalusian Public Foundation El legado andalusí. It gathers a network of partners in seven countries
[Show full text]
Middle Byzantine Aesthetics and the Incomparability of Islamic
Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College History of Art Faculty Research and Scholarship History of Art 2010 Middle Byzantine Aesthetics and the Incomparability of Islamic Art: The Architectural Ekphraseis of Nikolaos Mesarites Alicia Walker Bryn Mawr College, [email protected] Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.brynmawr.edu/hart_pubs Custom Citation Alicia Walker, "Middle Byzantine Aesthetics and the Incomparability of Islamic Art: The Architectural Ekphraseis of Nikolaos Mesarites," Muqarnas 27 (2010): 79-101. This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. http://repository.brynmawr.edu/hart_pubs/57 For more information, please contact [email protected]. ALICIA WALKER MIDDLE BYZANTINE AESTHETICS OF POWER AND THE INCOMPARABILITY OF ISLAMIC ART: THE ARCHITECTURAL EKPHRASEIS OF NIKOLAOS MESARITES An early thirteenth-century historical treatise, The between churches and this building, or between sacred Palace Revolt of John Komnenos by Nikolaos Mesa and imperial icons and the images on the ceiling ofthe rites, an author of the middle Byzantine period (ca. Mouchroutas. Rather, these juxtapositions were con 843-1204), contains a passage that briefly describes an structed by Mesarites and indicate his reception of, not Islamic-style building, the Mouchroutas, which was part the original intentions behind, the Islamicizing work of of the imperial palace complex in Constantinople (see art. Appendix).l The author emphatically states that the Nikolaos Mesarites (d. ca. 1214) was a Byzantine structure was the work of "a Persian hand," that is to courtier from a prominent family.
[Show full text]
The Islamic Crossed-Arch Domes in Col Doba: Geometry and Structural Analysis of the "Capilia De Villaviciosa"
The Islamic Crossed-Arch Domes in COl doba: Geometry and Structural Analysis of the "CapilIa de Villaviciosa" Pallia F lI Cll l CN Universidad Politicnica de Madrid, Spain Crossed-arch domes are a singular type of ribbed vaults in which the ribs do not cross in the cen tre, but ' Clefine a polygon so that the centre is left open. The first known domes appear in the maqsurah of the Great Mosque of Cordoba, and they were built as part of al-Hakam II's extension, between the years 961 and 965. Later, further domes appear not only in Spain, but also in the North of Mrica, Armenia and Persia. Some exam ples also exist in European Gothic. These domes are built continuously until the 16th centuty. In the 17th and 18th centuries Guarini and Vittone use them in some of their buildings. Even in the 20th century Luis Moya builds them in Spain.l This study focuses on the domes built by al-Hakam II in the Mosque of Cordoba and, in particular, on the dome over the former Abd-al-Rahman II's mihrab, known as the Chapel ofVillaviciosa (Fig. 1). This dome was most likely the first one built in this extension and, accor ding to Nieto Cumplido (2007), the project dates ftom the year 961. Three other crossed-arch domes were built in the new maqsurah, one in Fig. 1: Chapel of Villaviciosa (photograph: the author). front of the mihrab, and one more on either side. These four domes feature three different layouts. gon inscribed in the floor plan and form a new The plan of the dome in front of the mihrab is central octagon.
[Show full text]
The Royal Mosques in Indonesia from 16Th to Early 20Th Centuries As a Power Representation
I.P. Nasution, Int. J. of Herit. Archit., Vol. 1, No. 3 (2017) 494–502 THE ROYAL MOSQUES IN INDONESIA FROM 16TH TO EARLY 20TH CENTURIES AS A POWER REPRESENTATION ISMAN Pratama NASUTION Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. ABstract This study describes the characteristics of the royal mosques in Indonesia from the 16th century to the early 20th century through the architectural and archaeological study of the building’s components. Royal mosques are meaningful in the concept of building because they are the places for sultans and their people to pray, and these mosques are located in the capital cities of the Islamic empires that rep- resent the sultans and became the identity of the characters of the Islamic empires in the past. Through architectural and archaeological studies of several kingdom’s mosques in Java, Sumatra, Borneo, Sulawesi and North Maluku, this research observes the data with the context of space (spatial) with the central government (the palace), squares, markets, tombs and other buildings of a king. In addition, this paper studied the aspects of power relations with the palace mosque as the centre of power, to reveal the power of representation in the mosque, with attention to the style of the building and ritual. The results obtained show that the royal mosques in Indonesia have special characteristics displayed in the building form and the local ritual practices that are different from non-royal mosques and the mosques outside of Indonesia as a strategy and resistance against global Islamic power relations in the past. Keywords: identity and resistance, royal mosque, the representation of power.
[Show full text]
Arts D'orient Et Orientalisme
Détail du lot 191 Détail du lot 122 LUNDI 23 MAI 2016 PARIS . 14H PARIS HÔTEL DROUOT – SALLE 5 ARTS D’ORIENT ET ORIENTALISME EXPERT : Lucien ARCACHE Expert honoraire près la Cour d’Appel de Paris Expert agrée par le Conseil des Ventes Ancien Assesseur de la Commission de Conciliation et d’Expertise Douanière 39, rue Dumont d’Urville - 75116 Paris Port. +33 (0)6 11 17 77 25 Tél. +33(0)1 45 00 26 80 [email protected] [email protected] veuillez contacter - please contact : DÉPARTEMENT ARTS D’ORIENT ET ORIENTALISME 5, avenue d’EYLAU - 75116 Paris [email protected] Tél. +33 (0)1 47 27 76 71 Fax. +33 (0)1 47 27 70 89 Pour tout renseignement, demande de rapport de condition, enregistrement d’ordres d’achat, For any questions, condition reports, absentee bids, etc. Expositions publiques Hôtel Drouot Expositions privées sur rendez-vous Samedi 21 mai 2016 de 11h à 18h jusqu’au Jeudi 19 mai 2016, Lundi 23 mai 2016 de 11h à 12h avenue d’Eylau - 75116 Paris Détail du lot 117 TABLEAUX ET SCULPTURES Arts d’Orient et Orientalisme ORIENTALISTES Provenant de diverses collections ne centaine de tableaux dont une technique mixte d’Aly Ben Salem, une toile Ud’Arrigoni-Neri représentant un « Rassemblement aux pieds des rochers », un pastel d’Emile Deckers, un panneau d’Eugène Deshayes représentant « Trois jeunes algériennes aux bijoux », un panneau de Théodore Frère « Femmes près d’un mausolée », une superbe toile de Jules Noel « Voiliers et caïques à Constantinople », deux huiles de Pontoy, une collection d’huiles et dessins d’Alexandre Roubtzoff, une rare toile signée A.Schreyer représentant des « Cavaliers autour de l’abreuvoir », un beau tableau de Jules Taupin « La fileuse ».
[Show full text]