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Kajian Sense of Place Terhadap Pariwisata Heritage Pada Kawasan Istana Maimun, Medan Tesis Oleh Suci Ananda Puteri Tarigan 18702

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Kajian Sense of Place Terhadap Pariwisata Heritage Pada Kawasan Istana Maimun, Medan Tesis Oleh Suci Ananda Puteri Tarigan 18702 KAJIAN SENSE OF PLACE TERHADAP PARIWISATA HERITAGE PADA KAWASAN ISTANA MAIMUN, MEDAN TESIS OLEH SUCI ANANDA PUTERI TARIGAN 187020010/ AR FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2020 Universitas Sumatera Utara KAJIAN SENSE OF PLACE TERHADAP PARIWISATA HERITAGE PADA KAWASAN ISTANA MAIMUN, MEDAN TESIS Untuk Memperoleh Gelar Magister Teknik Dalam Program Studi Teknik Arsitektur Pada Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara OLEH SUCI ANANDA PUTERI TARIGAN 187020010/ AR FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2020 Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara PERNYATAAN KAJIAN SENSE OF PLACE TERHADAP PARIWISATA HERITAGE PADA KAWASAN ISTANA MAIMUN, MEDAN TESIS Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa dalam tesis ini tidak terdapat karya yang pernah diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan di suatu perguruan tinggi, dan sepanjang pengetahuan saya juga tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh orang lain, kecuali yang secara tertulis diacu dalam naskah ini dan disebutkan dalam daftar pustaka. Medan, September 2020 (Suci Ananda Puteri Tarigan) Universitas Sumatera Utara JUDUL TESIS : KAJIAN SENSE OF PLACE TERHADAP PARIWISATA HERITAGE PADA KAWASAN ISTANA MAIMUN, MEDAN NAMA MAHASISWA : SUCI ANANDA PUTERI TARIGAN NOMOR POKOK : 187020010 PROGRAM STUDI : TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR BIDANG KEKHUSUSAN : MANAJEMEN PEMBANGUNAN KOTA Universitas Sumatera Utara Telah Di Uji Pada : 28 September 2020 Panitia Penguji Tesis Ketua Komisi Penguji : Ir. Nurlisa Ginting, M.Sc, PhD, IPM Anggota Komisi Penguji : 1. Amy Marisa, ST, M.Sc, Ph.D 2. Dr. Ir. Dwira Nirfalini Aulia M.Sc, PhD, IPM 3. Beny O.Y Marpaung, ST, MT, PhD, IPM 4. Dr. Imam Faisal Pane, ST, MT, IPM Universitas Sumatera Utara Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK Salah satu sektor yang memberikan kontribusi untuk meningkatkan perekonomian adalah pariwisata. Di zaman modern ini, pariwisata telah banyak diterapkan dan berkembang. Keberhasilan Pariwisata heritage, membutuhkan kontribusi dari wisatawan dan masyarakat setempat pada lokasi wisata. Untuk mendukung keberhasilan pariwisata heritage, maka dibutuhkan sense of place pada wisatawan dan masyarakat setempat. Salah satu tujuan wisata yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan menjadi pariwisata heritage dengan menerapkan sense of place adalah Istana Maimun, Medan. Istana Maimun merupakan kawasan heritage yang berada di kota Medan yang memiliki daya tarik tersendiri. Adapun yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah elemen-elemen sense of place yaitu makna simbolis dan persepsi. Dengan melakukan pengkajian terhadap makna simbolis dan persepsi, maka pariwisata heritage pada kawasan Istana Maimun akan meningkat. Meningkatnya pariwisata heritage pada kawasan Istana Maimun, maka kualitas dan perekonomian masyarakat setempat akan mengalami peningkatan pula. Metode yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan melakukan observasi, survey lapangan, penyebaran kuesioner dan wawancara terhadap responden. Adapun hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi bagi stakeholders dan menjadi acuan bagi peneliti lain untuk melakukan penelitian serupa. Kata kunci : sense of place, wisata heritage, istana maimun i Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT One sector that contributes to improving the economy is tourism. In these modern times, tourism has been widely applied and developed. The success of tourism heritage requires contributions from tourists and local communities at tourist sites. To support the success of tourism heritage, it takes the sense of place on tourists and local people. One of the potential tourism destinations to be developed into heritage tourism by applying the sense of place is Maimun Palace, Medan. Istana Maimun is a heritage area in the city of Medan that has its own charm. The condition of Istana Maimun is now growing the sense of place on tourists and local people. As for the study in this research are elements of sense of place namely symbolic meaning, perception and attachment. By reviewing the elements, the tourism heritage of the Maimun Palace area will increase. The increasing tourism of heritage in the area of Maimun Palace, the quality and economy of the local people will increase also. The methods used for this study are qualitative and quantitative methods by conducting observations, field surveys, dissemination of questionnaires and interviews to respondents. The results of this research is expected to be used as an evaluation for stakeholders and a reference for other researchers to conduct similar research. Keyword : sense of place, heritage tourism, maimun palace ii Universitas Sumatera Utara KATA PENGANTAR Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. Dengan mengucapkan, puji dan syukur penulis panjatkan atas rahmat, hidayah dan karunia Allah SWT dan sholawat serta salam kepada Rasullullah Muhammad SAW, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan proposal tesis ini yang berjudul “Kajian Sense of Place Terhadap Kawasan Istana Maimun, Medan” dengan baik. Tesis ini disusun sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Magister Teknik dalam bidang kekhususan Manajemen Pembangunan Kota, Magister Teknik Arsitektur Universitas Sumatera Utara. Selama penyusunan tugas akhir ini, penulis menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa telah mendapatkan banyak bantuan, bimbingan, dorongan dan doa dari berbagai pihak. Oleh karena itu, tidak lupa penulis menyampaikan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada Ibu Ir. Nurlisa Ginting, M.Sc, PhD, IPM, selaku Ketua Program Studi Magister Teknik Arsitektur sekaligus Dosen Pembimbing I dan Amy Marisa, ST, M.Sc, Ph.D, selaku Dosen Pembimbing II, atas segala bimbingan, kesempatan dan ide serta masukan-masukan dalam penyusunan dan pembuatan tesis ini. Serta ucapan terima kasih penulis sampaikan kepada seluruh Bapak/Ibu Dosen dan civitas akademika di lingkungan Program Studi Magister Teknik Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara yang telah berkenan memberikan pembekalan berbagai disiplin ilmu arsitektur, khususnya bidang Manajemen Pembangunan Kota. Penghormatan yang setinggi-tingginya dan penghargaan yang tulus penulis sampaikan kepada ayahanda Ir. Ahmad Effendi Tarigan, ibunda Aisyah Sofyan, dan iii Universitas Sumatera Utara kedua adik saya Devi Anisa Puteri Tarigan dan John Rohim Putera Tarigan serta segenap keluarga penulis yang telah memberikan motivasi, bantuan material maupun non material, serta kasih sayang dan dukungan kepada penulis. Terima kasih kepada seluruh teman–teman di Magister Teknik Arsitektur Universitas Sumatera Utara khususnya jurusan Manajemen Pembangunan Kota, dan seluruh kerabat yang tidak dapat disebutkan namanya satu persatu, terimakasih atas segala do’a, bantuan dan motivasi yang telah kalian berikan. Penulis menyadari masih terdapat kekurangan dalam penulisan proposal penelitian ini, untuk itu penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun dari semua pihak dalam rangka penyempurnaan proposal penelitian ini. Penulis berharap proposal penelitian ini dapat diterima dan menjadi landasan peneliti dalam melakukan penelitian tesis. Medan, September 2020 Penulis, Suci Ananda Puteri Tarigan Nim 187020010/AR iv Universitas Sumatera Utara RIWAYAT HIDUP Identitas Nama : Suci Ananda Puteri Tarigan Tempat/Tanggal Lahir : Medan, 24 Februari 1995 Status Perkawinan : Belum Menikah Jenis Kelamin : Perempuan Agama : Islam Alamat : Jl. Puri, Medan Area No. 199 Medan Riwayat Pendidikan 2000-2006 : Sekolah Dasar Kartini Medan 2006-2009 : SMP Swasta Al-Ulum Medan 2009-2012 : SMA Swasta Al-Ulum Medan 2012-2017 : Jurusan Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara Pengalaman Pekerjaan 2018 : Freelance Ilustrator v Universitas Sumatera Utara DAFTAR ISI Halaman ABSTRAK……………………………………………………………. i ABSTRACT………………………………………………………….... ii KATA PENGANTAR………………………………………………... iii RIWAYAT HIDUP…………………………………………………... iv DAFTAR ISI …………………………………………………………. vi DAFTAR GAMBAR ………………………………………………… x DAFTAR TABEL…………………………………………………….. xii BAB I PENDAHULUAN………………………………………... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang……………………………………… 1 1.2 Perumusan Masalah………………………………… 5 1.3 Tujuan Penelitian…………………………………… 5 1.4 Batasan Masalah……………………………………. 5 1.5 Manfaat Penelitian………………………………….. 5 1.6 Kerangka Berfikir…………………………………... 6 1.7 Sistematika Penulisan……………………………..... 7 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA……………………………... 9 2.1 PenelitianTerdahulu………………………………… 9 2.2 Sense of Place……………………………………….. 12 2.2.1 Persepsi……………………………………... 18 2.2.2 Makna Simbolis…………………..………... 20 vi Universitas Sumatera Utara 2.3 Pariwisata Heritage……………......………………... 22 2.3.1 Pariwisata Heritage Tangible.………………. 24 2.3.2 Pariwisata Heritage Itangible.………………. 24 2.4 Sense of Place terhadap Pariwisata Heritage………. 25 2.4.1 Persepsi terhadap Pariwisata Heritage………... 26 2.4.2 Makna Simbolis pada Pariwisata Heritage….... 27 2.5 Kesimpulan…………………………………………. 27 BAB III METODOLOGI………………………………………. 29 3.1 Jenis Penelitian……………………………………… 29 3.2 Variabel dan Indikator Penelitian………………....... 29 3.3 Populasi dan Sampel………………………………... 31 3.4 Metode Pengumpulan Data…………………………. 34 3.4.1 Data Primer………………………………… 34 3.4.2 Data Sekunder………………………………. 41 3.5 Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas……………………….. 41 3.5.1 Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Masyarakat 41 Lokal……………………………………....... 3.5.2 Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas Wisatawan....... 43 3.6 Metode Analisa Data……………………………...... 44 BAB IV KAWASAN PENELITIAN……………………………... 47 4.1 Kawasan Kota Medan………………………………. 47 4.2 Lokasi Penelitian…………………………………… 49 vii Universitas Sumatera Utara 4.3 Istana Maimun……………………………………… 50 4.3.1 Sejarah Istana Maimun……………………… 50 4.3.2 Arsitektur
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