HydraulicHydraulic WorksWorks inin GreekGreek MythologyMythology

MariosMarios VafiadisVafiadis ProfessorProfessor AUTh.,AUTh., GreeceGreece

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING HERAKLESHERAKLES

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TheThe 1212 LaborsLabors ofof HeraklesHerakles (Hercules)(Hercules) 1. Slay the Nemean Lion. 2. Slay the 9-headed Lernean Hydra. 3. Capture the Golden Hind of Artemis. 4. Capture the Erymanthian Boar. 5. Clean the Augean stables in a single day. 6. Slay the Stymphalian Birds. 7. Capture the Cretan Bull. 8. Steal the Mares of Diomedes. 9. Obtain the Girdle of the Amazon Queen. 10. Obtain the Cattle of the Monster Geryon. 11. Steal the Apples of the Hesperides. 12. Capture and bring back Cerberus. Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TheThe 1212 LaborsLabors ofof HeraklesHerakles (Hercules)(Hercules) 1. Slay the Nemean Lion. 2. Slay the 9-headed Lernean Hydra. 3. Capture the Golden Hind of Artemis. 4. Capture the Erymanthian Boar. 5. Clean the Augean stables in a single day . 6. Slay the Stymphalian Birds. 7. Capture the Cretan Bull. 8. Steal the Mares of Diomedes. 9. Obtain the Girdle of the Amazon Queen. 10. Obtain the Cattle of the Monster Geryon. 11. Steal the Apples of the Hesperides. 12. Capture and bring back Cerberus. Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LaborsLabors RelativeRelative toto WaterWater WorksWorks

•• TheThe LerneanLernean HydraHydra (2(2 nd )) •• TheThe ErymanthianErymanthian BoarBoar (4(4 th )) •• TheThe AugeanAugean StablesStables (5(5 th )) •• TheThe StymphalianStymphalian BirdsBirds (6(6 th ))

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TheThe LerneanLernean HydraHydra

The Lernaean Hydra (Λερναία Ύδρα ) was a serpent-like chthonic water beast that possessed nine heads and poisonous breath living in the lake of Lerna in the Argolid. Beneath the waters was an entrance to the Under-world, and the Hydra was its guardian. The Hydra was the offspring of Typhon and Echidna , both of whom were noisome offspring of the earth goddess Gaia . Herakles has tried to kill the Hydra by cutting its heads one by one, but for each head cut off it grew two more!, Heracles called on his nephew Iolaus for help. Then Heracles cut off each head and Iolaus cauterized the open stumps. It is clear that the Hydra was a dangerous river that bifurcated each time they tried to stop it with someobstacle!

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TheThe LerneanLernean HydraHydra

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TheThe ErymanthianErymanthian BoarBoar

In the primitive highlands of Arcadia, the Erymanthian Boar (Ερυμάνθιοs κάπρος) was a giant fear-inspiring creature of the wilds that lived on Mount Erymanthos. This boar was a dangerous animal: It was a raging boar, coming down from the mountain to the plain and laid waste the farmers' fields.

The Erymanthian Boar was a noisy torrent that produced, from time to time disasters in the plain.

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TheThe ErymanthianErymanthian BoarBoar

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AugeanAugean StablesStables

The Augean stables (Σταβλοι του Αυγείου) had not been cleaned in over 30 years. However, Heracles succeeded by rerouting the rivers Alpheus and Peneus to wash out the filth in a single day.

Self explained!

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AugeanAugean StablesStables

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TheThe StymphalianStymphalian BirdsBirds Τhe Stymphalian birds (Στυμφαλίδες όρνιθες) were man- eating birds with beaks of bronze and sharp metallic feathers they could launch at their victims, and were sacred to Ares, the god of war. Furthermore, their dung was highly toxic. They lived at the Lake Stymphalia in Arcadia and bred quickly and took over the countryside, destroying local crops, fruit trees and townspeople.

Heracles with a rattle, given to him by Hephaestus frightened the birds into the air and then shot many of them with his arrows. The rest flew far away.

Τhe Stymphalian birds were local severe storms. The method Herakles used to cope with them is … mythical!

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING TheThe StymphalianStymphalian BirdsBirds

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Not a “Labor”, but… All rivers in Mythical Greece were considered as “gods”, often not so good for humans! Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SourceSource ofof picturespictures

•• www.perseus.tufts.eduwww.perseus.tufts.edu •• THEOITHEOI PROJECTPROJECT -- AA GuideGuide toto GreekGreek Gods,Gods, SpiritsSpirits && MonstersMonsters

Marios Vafiadis DIVISION OF HYDRAULICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING