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Use case Frequency regulation

Providing grid resiliency with

to keep the surge or storage systems when compared to battery or increase in frequency from are being deployed to help kinetic . This harming generation assets or respond to imbalances in grid can help reduce other connected elements. supply and demand. The XLM capital expenditures by reducing module and the amount of energy storage Due to the constant variability XLR supercapacitor module can oversizing needed to meet the of grid demand, balancing can provide ultra-fast response due instantaneous power required be very difficult. However, there to the low ESR construction of for improved grid reliability. are systems and measures that the XL60 supercapacitor cells. A long standing challenge faced can be implemented. Traditional This feature, along with their With the deployment of energy by electrical utilities is balancing generation assets, such as fossil maintenance free nature, helps dense lithium- battery the supply, or generation, and fuel, nuclear or hydroelectric ensure the energy storage systems for longer term services the demand, or load, when plants with spinning turbines, system is always available for and operational reserves, transmitting and distributing provide inherent inertia to ultimate resilience. supercapacitor modules can be across help provide some frequency installed in parallel to reduce the connected and isolated grid regulation. There are also other Eaton’s supercapacitor modules number and intensity of very systems. This balance ensures ancillary services that can be are capable of millions of high peak discharge currents grid reliability and stable voltage dispatched for longer term charge/discharge cycles with no that can rapidly degrade the frequency. The risk with a gap supply gaps to ensure reliable replacements or maintenance lifetime of the batteries. By of supply versus demand is and quality power. which can provide up to a extending the life of batteries dropping frequency which can 20-year lifetime depending with supercapacitor modules, cause grid operators to start load The increase of grid tied, on operating environmental operational expenses and shedding to protect generation distributed renewable conditions. The physics of maintenance costs are reduced assets as the stress increases. generation and the retirement supercapacitor construction for the transmission and When this gap is larger, load of traditional plant assets allow for minimal effects distribution assets. shedding is not sufficient which reduces the inherent grid inertia, on lifetime and the depth overstrains assets forcing plants introducing increased risk to of discharge, from near full Eaton’s XLR and XLM to be shut down for protection, grid reliability and resiliency on discharge to smaller, limited supercapacitor modules provide resulting in cascading power the supply side. Furthermore, cycles. an ultra-fast response, long outages. Conversely, where the renewable sources can be lifetime, maintenance free and instantaneous supply is higher unreliable, such as scattered The high power density (kW/L) cost-effective energy storage as than demand, this power cloud cover over photovoltaic can help reduce the footprint a sole solution or by augmenting could be dissipated as heat arrays or varying weather of the energy storage required battery systems to help ensure a via condensers or load banks conditions for wind turbines1. to meet the needs of the grid balanced and resilient utility grid. 1 Eaton renewable firming use case Eaton Electronics Division 1000 Eaton Boulevard Cleveland, OH 44122 www.eaton.com/supercapacitors United States Eaton.com/electronics

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