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Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/24928 SHARE Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities DETAILS 408 pages | 6 x 9 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-46713-1 | DOI 10.17226/24928 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK David Weisburd and Malay K. Majmundar, Editors; Committee on Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime, Communities, and Civil Liberties; Committee on Law and Justice; Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education; National FIND RELATED TITLES Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Visit the National Academies Press at NAP.edu and login or register to get: – Access to free PDF downloads of thousands of scientific reports – 10% off the price of print titles – Email or social media notifications of new titles related to your interests – Special offers and discounts Distribution, posting, or copying of this PDF is strictly prohibited without written permission of the National Academies Press. (Request Permission) Unless otherwise indicated, all materials in this PDF are copyrighted by the National Academy of Sciences. Copyright © National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities Proactive Policing Effects on Crime and Communities Committee on Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime, Communities, and Civil Liberties David Weisburd and Malay K. Majmundar, Editors Committee on Law and Justice Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education A Consensus Study Report of Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 This activity was supported by a Grant from the Laura and John Arnold Foundation and Grant No. 2016-IJ-CX-0001 with the National Institute of Justice of the U.S. Department of Justice, and with additional support from the National Academy of Sciences Presidents’ Fund. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization or agency that provided support for the project. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-46713-1 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-46713-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017961947 Digital Object Identifier: https://doi.org/10.17226/24928 Additional copies of this publication are available for sale from the National Acad- emies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Keck 360, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624- 6242 or (202) 334-3313; http://www.nap.edu. Copyright 2018 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Suggested citation: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2018). Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.17226/24928. Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities The National Academy of Sciences was established in 1863 by an Act of Congress, signed by President Lincoln, as a private, nongovernmental institu- tion to advise the nation on issues related to science and technology. Members are elected by their peers for outstanding contributions to research. Dr. Marcia McNutt is president. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964 under the char- ter of the National Academy of Sciences to bring the practices of engineering to advising the nation. Members are elected by their peers for extraordinary contributions to engineering. Dr. C. D. Mote, Jr., is president. The National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) was established in 1970 under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences to advise the nation on medical and health issues. Members are elected by their peers for distinguished contributions to medicine and health. Dr. Victor J. Dzau is president. The three Academies work together as the National Academies of Sciences, En- gineering, and Medicine to provide independent, objective analysis and advice to the nation and conduct other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The National Academies also encourage education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science, engineering, and medicine. Learn more about the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medi- cine at www.nationalacademies.org. Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities Consensus Study Reports published by the National Academies of Sciences, En- gineering, and Medicine document the evidence-based consensus on the study’s statement of task by an authoring committee of experts. Reports typically include findings, conclusions, and recommendations based on information gath- ered by the committee and the committee’s deliberations. Each report has been subjected to a rigorous and independent peer-review process and it represents the position of the National Academies on the statement of task. Proceedings published by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine chronicle the presentations and discussions at a workshop, symposium, or other event convened by the National Academies. The statements and opin- ions contained in proceedings are those of the participants and are not endorsed by other participants, the planning committee, or the National Academies. For information about other products and activities of the National Academies, please visit www.nationalacademies.org/about/whatwedo. Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities COMMITTEE ON PROACTIVE POLICING: EFFECTS ON CRIME, COMMUNITIES, AND CIVIL LIBERTIES David Weisburd (Chair), Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University; Institute of Criminology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Hassan Aden, The Aden Group, Alexandria, VA Anthony A. Braga, School of Criminology and Criminal Justice, Northeastern University Jim Bueermann, Police Foundation, Washington, DC Philip J. Cook, Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University Phillip Atiba Goff, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, The City University of New York; Center for Policing Equity, New York, NY Rachel A. Harmon, School of Law, University of Virginia Amelia Haviland, Heinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University Cynthia Lum, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University Charles Manski, Department of Economics, Northwestern University Stephen Mastrofski, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University Tracey Meares, School of Law, Yale University Daniel Nagin, Heinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University Emily Owens, School of Social Ecology, University of California, Irvine Steven Raphael, Goldman School of Public Policy, University of California, Berkeley Jerry Ratcliffe, Department of Criminal Justice, Temple University Tom Tyler, School of Law, Yale University Malay K. Majmundar, Study Director Emily Backes, Program Officer Leticia Garcilazo Green, Senior Program Assistant v Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities COMMITTEE ON LAW AND JUSTICE Jeremy Travis (Chair), Criminal Justice Department, Laura and John Arnold Foundation Ruth D. Peterson (Vice-Chair), Criminal Justice Research Center, Ohio State University Kimberlé W. Crenshaw, UCLA School of Law, University of California, Los Angeles John J. Donohue III, Stanford Law School, Stanford University Mark S. Johnson, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Howard University Mark A.R. Kleiman, Marron Institute of Urban Management, Crime and Justice Program, New York University James P. Lynch, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Maryland Daniel S. Nagin, Department of Public Policy and Statistics, Heinz College, Carnegie Mellon University Anne Morrison Piehl, Department of Economics and Program in Criminal Justice, Rutgers University Steven Raphael, Goldman School of Public Policy, University of California, Berkeley Laurie O. Robinson, Department of Criminology, Law and Society, George Mason University Cynthia Rudin, Computer Science Department and the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Duke University Sally S. Simpson, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Maryland Susan B. Sorenson, School of Social Policy and Practice, University of Pennsylvania Linda A. Teplin, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Bruce Western, Department of Sociology, Harvard University Cathy Spatz Widom, Department of Psychology, John Jay College and the Graduate Center, The City University of New York Kathi L. Grasso, Board Director Malay K. Majmundar, Associate Board Director Emily Backes, Program Officer Tina M. Latimer, Program Coordinator Leticia Garcilazo Green, Senior Program Assistant vi Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities Acknowledgments his Consensus Study Report on the evidence regarding the conse- quences of different forms of proactive policing for crime and disor- Tder, discriminatory application, legality, and community reaction and receptiveness was prepared at the request
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