IN Lake KARIBA ~As Development Ad­ Ndon)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

IN Lake KARIBA ~As Development Ad­ Ndon) • View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Aquatic Commons THE A leA JOU L OF (Afr. J Trop. Hydrobiol. Fish) Yo. 1 1994 ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGY OF THE lAKE TANGANYIKA SARDINE, LIMNOTHRISSA n illustrated key to the flinji. (Mimeographed MIODON (BOULENGER), IN lAKE KARIBA ~as Development Ad­ ndon). R. HUDDART ision des Synodontis Kariba Research Unit, Private Bag 24 CX, CHOMA, Zambia. e Royal de I'Afrique 'en, Belgium. 500p. Present address:- ~). The ecology of the 4, Ingleside Grove, LONDON, S.B.3., U.K. is (Pisces; Siluoidea) Nigeria. (Unpublished ABSTRACT o the University of Juveniles of U11lnothrissa 11liodon (Boulenger) were introduced into the man-made Lake Kariba in ngland). 1967-1968. Thirty months of night-fishing for this species from Sinazongwe, near the centre of the Kariba North bank. from 1971 to 1974 are described. Biological studies were carried out on samples of the catch during most of these months. Limnological studies were carried out over a period of four months in 1973. Li11lnothrissa is breeding successfully and its number have greatly increased. [t has reached an equilibrium level of population size at a [ower density than that of Lake Tanganyika sardines, but nevertheless is an important factor in the ecology of Lake Kariba. The growth rate, size at maturity and maximum size are all less than those of Lake Tanganyika Li11lnothrissa. A marked disruption in the orderly progression of length frequency modes occurs in September, for which the present body of evidence cannot supply an explanation. INTRODUCTION light-attracted sardines in Lake Kariba were The absence of a specialised, plankti­ tested in 1970 and early 1971. Dip nets vorous, pelagic species of fish within the (lusenga nets), as used by Lake Tanganyika middle Zambezi fIsh fauna occupying the artisanal fisher-men, and lift nets caught new lake became obvious soon after the an average of less than 50 individuals per formation ofLake Kariba in 1963.Juvenile night. Afairly large (50m. by20m.) chiromila clupeid sardines were airlifted from Lake net caught an average of 23 kg. per haul. Tanganyika in 1967 and 1968 in order to Similar-sized catches were obtained fill this vacant niche. Sardines over 25 mm. throughout the lake from the dam wall to in lengthwere unable to survive the catching the Zambezigorge (Devil'sGorge) whether and transporta-tiorf process. Of the two from deep open wateror from shallowbays. species of Lake Tanganyika sardine, Thus Limnothrissa had become fIrmly Limnothrissa miodon (Boulenger) and established throughoutLake Karibaby 1970­ Stolothrissa tanganicae (Regan), the latter 71 and several catches of 0.5 tonnes per is the more pelagic while young. Hence, night1)ave more recently been taken in the only Limnothrissajuveniles could be found Sinazo:ngwe area. The study reported here near the shore and be driven into contain­ describes some investigations into the ers. biology of this species from 1971 to 1974 Unpublished data held by the Research in Lake Kariba. Division of the Fisheries Department of METHODS Zambia! show thatvarious methodsfor fishing Samplesofsardinewere obtainedby fish­ ing at night using lights and a chiromila 1. The Department ofWildlife, Fisheries and National Parks net, as described by COULTER AND of Zambia was split in January, 1974 the fisheries component ZNAMENSKY (1971), slightly modified to becoming the Department of Fisheries of Zambia. 32 RHUDDART suitlocal conditions. Unless othetwise stated, Samples of66 sardines with a roughly even RESULTS the net used measured 50m. by 20m. The length distribution were taken and their Polpulation lev buntwas of8 mm. mesh nylon. All samples lengths and weights measured. There were The total cat were obtained fromwithin 5 km. ofthe Sina­ 66 spaces on each of the cyclostyled data ably after April zongwe Fisheries Training Centre, itself160 sheets prepared for this study and it was km. from the dam wall and within basin III found that the size of sample dictated by ofthe lake as described by COCHE (1968). the fIlling-in of one of these sheets was These samples, unless otherwise stated,were adequate for the construc-tion ofa length/ soc taken within I km. from the shore in water weight curve. From each length/weight 15-20metres deep. Fishingstartedat2000hrs curve the weights at the arbitrarily-chosen local time and continued until the dawn of lengths of40mm., 55mm. and 70mm. were the following day. The sample for laboratory read off. These are shown plotted study was most often taken from those fish against calendt;r time in Fig. 6. K caughttoward the endofthe fishing period, A large, random sample of 400-1600 due to theirfresher condition, and therefore sardines was measured for length only, the a sample from, for instance, the night of llSualsamplesize beingbetween 700and 1000 IIthand 12thSeptemberis referred to below individuals. A length frequency histogram as a sampIe from September 12th. was prepared for each such large sample so As manyhauls as possiblewere made each that the mode or modes of the distribution night in order to render more accurate the could be distinguished. K calcul"ted catch per haul. A crew of10 men For the purpose ofthis analysis, the stages was originally necessary, using three boats of gonad development are distinguished llo,C and making amaximum ofonly 6-7 hauls per into only two groups, ripe and unripe. Ripe night, so thatmostofthe available research gonads occupied mostofthe body cavity and resources were expended in the routine the eggs were a deepmustard yellowin colour sc runningofthis commercial-scale operation.'TIlls and fully formed. Testes were opaque and situation gradually improved as con­ white. ELLIS (1970) separated female tinuous development of net-handling Limnothrissa into three stages of gonad • hydraulicmachinery made 24hauls pernight developmentand males into two. Samples of possible by early 1974 using only two boats 120-150 fish were taken for gonad examina­ andsix crewmembers. The number oflight­ tion. boatswas increasedinproportion to the number An all-glass displacement sampler was ofhauls per night (unmanned "light-buoys" used to obtain water s<lmples for primary serving the same function as manned light­ productivity studies. Otherwise, all water boatswere usedfrom early 1972) so thateach samples were obtained using a Nansen light-boat remained attracting sardines for sampler. Oxygen determinationswere made 1-2 hours before being fIshed. using the standard Winkler method as Fresh wet weight and fork length (the described by COLTERMAN (1968) and light distance from the tip ofthe snout to the end and dark bottle experiments followed the %1 ofthe median caudal rays) were measured. techniques described byVOLLENWEIDER Weight determinations were made using (l~). a torsion balance on which 0 to 1 gm. was A fleet of multifIlament gill nets with measured by the rotation of the torsion 50% mounting ratio and of various mesh spring and 0 to 10 gm., in 1 gm. steps, by sizes was regularly setovernight fur trapping Fig. 1 Limno adding or subtracting metal weights. speciespossibly predatoryupon Limnothnssa. night 33 BIOLOGYOFUMNOTHRISSAMIODONINLAKEKARIBA 'dines with a roughly even RESULTS in the number of hauls per night (Fig. 1). on were taken and their Polpulation level The catch per haul remained steady until tIts measured. There were The total catch per night rose consider­ Decem-ber, 1973 when replacement of h of the cyclostyled data ably after April, 1973 due to the increase paraffin pressure lampswith propane lamps for this study and it was ze of sample dictated by one of these sheets was :onstruc-tion ofa length/ SOO-r---------------------;("':":'1) om each length/weight A at the arbitrarily-chosen ,55mm. and 70mm. were e are shown plotted ime in Fig. 6. Kg am sample of 400-1600 ured for length only, the ~ingbetween700 and 1000 gth frequency histogram :ach such large sample so nodes ofthe distribution ihed. :ofthis analysis, the stages ,ment are distinguished ps, ripe and unripe. Ripe lostofthe body cavity and lmustard yellow in colour Testes were opaque and 500 170) separated female three stages of gonad lalesinto two. Samples of • lken forgonad examina- Kg )lacement sampler was er samples for primary s. Otherwise, all water I 0 I lined using a Nansen (B)\ terminationswere made 5 :1 Winkler method as ~RMAN (1968) and light Kg leriments followed the 0 0' 0 d by VOLLENWEIDER i'J100 filament gill nets with J and of various mesh t overnight for trapping Fig. 1 Limrwthissa catches from night fishing. A: total catch per night B: average catch reI' haul for that ltoryupon Limnothrissa. night C: proportion of full moonlight occurring. dependent on the lunar cycle and cloud. 34 RHUDDART andmuch heavierweightingofthechiromila The considerable detrimental effect of revealed. Somt net to suit its faster operation resulted in moonlightonsardine catches (Fig. 1) follows sampIingatthirl an increase. Adverse weather conditions thesituation inLake Tanganyikawhere com­ in Fig. 2. caused much late starting and early aban­ mercialfishing is suspendedduringfull moon, According t< donment of fishing trips inJanuary, 1974, buttherearenoseasonal fluctuationsinsardine is nearest to tlH preventing an associat-ed increase in total landed like those in Lake Tanga-nyika: the ofdawnanddm catch. records of the CENTRAL STATISTICAL 4 metres durin OFFICE (1971) show that sardine landings through thewatl increased markedly in Lake Tanganyika of the sardine: duringAugust-Novemberin 1969 and 1970 4 metres ofwat andwere associatedwith minimainJune:July Proportion of in 1969andApril-May in 1970. The catch per Therewas al haul ofintroduced sardine in Lake Kariba 1000l 2.00 in deepoflShon 18 Oct -1 10 Noy (which is, in this-case, a closeapproximation chiromilasamp to catch peruniteffort) has beensteadysince within 1 kIn oft atleast 1971. There have beenno detectable 1. A year-by-yt changessince, apartfrom those induced by jj II steadily falliI j improvedfishing technique. Fishing continued although this .. I over all phases of the moon in the present monthly avera! LJI study, resulting in a lower average catch per The length 0 0 haul thanin 1970,when fishingwas suspend­ lOOO 100 ed duringfull moon.
Recommended publications
  • An Analysis of Primary and Secondary Production in Lake Kariba in a Changing Climate
    AN ANALYSIS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PRODUCTION IN LAKE KARIBA IN A CHANGING CLIMATE MZIME R. NDEBELE-MURISA A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor Philosophiae in the Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape Supervisor: Prof. Charles Musil Co-Supervisor: Prof. Lincoln Raitt May 2011 An analysis of primary and secondary production in Lake Kariba in a changing climate Mzime Regina Ndebele-Murisa KEYWORDS Climate warming Limnology Primary production Phytoplankton Zooplankton Kapenta production Lake Kariba i Abstract Title: An analysis of primary and secondary production in Lake Kariba in a changing climate M.R. Ndebele-Murisa PhD, Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Department, University of the Western Cape Analysis of temperature, rainfall and evaporation records over a 44-year period spanning the years 1964 to 2008 indicates changes in the climate around Lake Kariba. Mean annual temperatures have increased by approximately 1.5oC, and pan evaporation rates by about 25%, with rainfall having declined by an average of 27.1 mm since 1964 at an average rate of 6.3 mm per decade. At the same time, lake water temperatures, evaporation rates, and water loss from the lake have increased, which have adversely affected lake water levels, nutrient and thermal dynamics. The most prominent influence of the changing climate on Lake Kariba has been a reduction in the lake water levels, averaging 9.5 m over the past two decades. These are associated with increased warming, reduced rainfall and diminished water and therefore nutrient inflow into the lake. The warmer climate has increased temperatures in the upper layers of lake water, the epilimnion, by an overall average of 1.9°C between 1965 and 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • The Freshwater Herring of Lake Tanganyika Are the Product of a Marine Invasion Into West Africa
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Open Marine Archive Marine Incursion: The Freshwater Herring of Lake Tanganyika Are the Product of a Marine Invasion into West Africa Anthony B. Wilson1,2¤*, Guy G. Teugels3, Axel Meyer1 1 Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany, 2 Zoological Museum, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3 Ichthyology Laboratory, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium Abstract The spectacular marine-like diversity of the endemic fauna of Lake Tanganyika, the oldest of the African Great Lakes, led early researchers to suggest that the lake must have once been connected to the ocean. Recent geophysical reconstructions clearly indicate that Lake Tanganyika formed by rifting in the African subcontinent and was never directly linked to the sea. Although the Lake has a high proportion of specialized endemics, the absence of close relatives outside Tanganyika has complicated phylogeographic reconstructions of the timing of lake colonization and intralacustrine diversification. The freshwater herring of Lake Tanganyika are members of a large group of pellonuline herring found in western and southern Africa, offering one of the best opportunities to trace the evolutionary history of members of Tanganyika’s biota. Molecular phylogenetic reconstructions indicate that herring colonized West Africa 25–50MYA, at the end of a major marine incursion in the region. Pellonuline herring subsequently experienced an evolutionary radiation in West Africa, spreading across the continent and reaching East Africa’s Lake Tanganyika during its early formation. While Lake Tanganyika has never been directly connected with the sea, the endemic freshwater herring of the lake are the descendents of an ancient marine incursion, a scenario which may also explain the origin of other Tanganyikan endemics.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish, Various Invertebrates
    Zambezi Basin Wetlands Volume II : Chapters 7 - 11 - Contents i Back to links page CONTENTS VOLUME II Technical Reviews Page CHAPTER 7 : FRESHWATER FISHES .............................. 393 7.1 Introduction .................................................................... 393 7.2 The origin and zoogeography of Zambezian fishes ....... 393 7.3 Ichthyological regions of the Zambezi .......................... 404 7.4 Threats to biodiversity ................................................... 416 7.5 Wetlands of special interest .......................................... 432 7.6 Conservation and future directions ............................... 440 7.7 References ..................................................................... 443 TABLE 7.2: The fishes of the Zambezi River system .............. 449 APPENDIX 7.1 : Zambezi Delta Survey .................................. 461 CHAPTER 8 : FRESHWATER MOLLUSCS ................... 487 8.1 Introduction ................................................................. 487 8.2 Literature review ......................................................... 488 8.3 The Zambezi River basin ............................................ 489 8.4 The Molluscan fauna .................................................. 491 8.5 Biogeography ............................................................... 508 8.6 Biomphalaria, Bulinis and Schistosomiasis ................ 515 8.7 Conservation ................................................................ 516 8.8 Further investigations .................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Second Technical Consultation on the Development and Management of the Fisheries of Lake Kariba
    FAO Fisheries Report No. 766 SAFR/R766 (En) ISSN 0429-9337 Report of the SECOND TECHNICAL CONSULTATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF THE FISHERIES OF LAKE KARIBA Kariba, Zimbabwe, 30 November–1 December 2004 Copies of FAO publications can be requested from: Sales and Marketing Group Information Division FAO Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00100 Rome, Italy E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (+39) 06 57053360 FAO Fisheries Report No. 766 SAFR/R766 (En) Report of the SECOND TECHNICAL CONSULTATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF THE FISHERIES OF LAKE KARIBA Kariba, Zimbabwe, 30 November–1 December 2004 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2005 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries ISBN 92-5-105367-7 All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Chief, Publishing Management Service, Information Division, FAO, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to [email protected] © FAO 2005 iii PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT This is the report adopted on 1 December 2004 in Kariba, Zimbabwe, by the second Technical Consultation on the Development and Management of the Fisheries of Lake Kariba.
    [Show full text]
  • FISH4ACP Unlocking the Potential of Sustainable Fisheries and Aquaculture in Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific
    FISH4ACP Unlocking the potential of sustainable fisheries and aquaculture in Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific United Republic of Tanzania FISH4ACP aims to strengthen and safeguard the sardine, sprat and perch value chains in Lake Tanganyika by investing in inclusive growth WHAT WE focus to bolster food security for future generations, reduce poverty and on contribute to the conservation of natural resources. → Comprehensive value chain analysis to make Lake VALUE CHAIN AT A GLANCE Tanganyika sardine, sprat and perch sector more Lake Tanganyika sardine (Limnothrissa miodon), sustainable. sprat (Stolothrissa tanganicae) and perch (Lates stappersii) → Enhancement of fish handling and processing methods to limit post-harvest losses and boost fish product quality. → Reduce harmful health impacts of fish smoking and accelerate energy use efficiency by expanding best practice fish-smoking techniques and using kilns. PRODUCTION METHOD VOLUMES * VALUE * → Capacity building on sustainable fishing practices Night fishing Artisanal. Sprat: 30 995 and use of gear. with lights, lamps and USD 117 lift-nets (sprat and sardine). Sardine: 6 315 Vertical handlines, Perch: 22 264 million → Strengthen value chain jigged lines, gill-nets and tonnes governance and empower lift-nets (perch) institutions for sustainable Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, fisheries management. Original Scientific Illustrations Archive. Reproduced with permission Facts figures The& United Republic of Tanzania is Lake Tanganyika’s principal producer of sardine, sprat and perch, accounting for up to 40% of the annual catch. Exports of Lake Tanganyika sprat, sardine and perch from the United Republic of Tanzania were ©FAO Hashim Muumin ©FAO worth USD 1.1 million in 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Thezambiazimbabwesadc Fisheriesprojectonlakekariba: Reportfroma Studytnp
    279 TheZambiaZimbabweSADC FisheriesProjectonLakeKariba: Reportfroma studytnp •TrygveHesthagen OddTerjeSandlund Tor.FredrikNæsje TheZambia-ZimbabweSADC FisheriesProjectonLakeKariba: Reportfrom a studytrip Trygve Hesthagen Odd Terje Sandlund Tor FredrikNæsje NORSKINSTITI= FORNATURFORSKNNG O Norwegian institute for nature research (NINA) 2010 http://www.nina.no Please contact NINA, NO-7485 TRONDHEIM, NORWAY for reproduction of tables, figures and other illustrations in this report. nina oppdragsmelding279 Hesthagen,T., Sandlund, O.T. & Næsje, T.F. 1994. NINAs publikasjoner The Zambia-Zimbabwe SADC fisheries project on Lake Kariba: Report from a study trip. NINA NINA utgirfem ulikefaste publikasjoner: Oppdragsmelding279:1 17. NINA Forskningsrapport Her publiseresresultater av NINAs eget forskning- sarbeid, i den hensiktå spre forskningsresultaterfra institusjonen til et større publikum. Forsknings- rapporter utgis som et alternativ til internasjonal Trondheimapril 1994 publisering, der tidsaspekt, materialets art, målgruppem.m. gjør dette nødvendig. ISSN 0802-4103 ISBN 82-426-0471-1 NINA Utredning Serien omfatter problemoversikter,kartlegging av kunnskapsnivået innen et emne, litteraturstudier, sammenstillingav andres materiale og annet som ikke primært er et resultat av NINAs egen Rettighetshaver0: forskningsaktivitet. NINA Norskinstituttfornaturforskning NINA Oppdragsmelding Publikasjonenkansiteresfritt med kildeangivelse Dette er det minimum av rapporteringsomNINA gir til oppdragsgiver etter fullført forsknings- eller utredningsprosjekt.Opplageter
    [Show full text]
  • A Histology-Based Health Assessment of Selected Fish Species
    A HISTOLOGY-BASED HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED FISH SPECIES FROM TWO RIVERS IN THE KRUGER NATIONAL PARK BY WARREN CLIFFORD SMITH DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE MAGISTER SCIENTIAE IN AQUATIC HEALTH IN THE FACULTY OF SCIENCE AT THE UNIVERSITY OF JOHANNESBURG SUPERVISOR: DR. G.M. WAGENAAR CO-SUPERVISOR: PROF. N.J. SMIT MAY 2012 Contents Acknowledgements _______________________________________________________ 6 Abstract ________________________________________________________________ 8 List of abbreviations _____________________________________________________ 11 List of figures ___________________________________________________________ 14 List of Tables ___________________________________________________________ 17 Chapter 1: General Introduction ____________________________________________ 19 1.1 Introduction _______________________________________________________ 19 1.2 Study motivation ___________________________________________________ 19 1.3 Hypotheses ________________________________________________________ 21 1.4 Aim of the study ____________________________________________________ 21 1.5 Objectives _________________________________________________________ 21 1.6 Dissertation outline _________________________________________________ 21 Chapter 2: Literature Review ______________________________________________ 23 2.1 Introduction _______________________________________________________ 23 2.2 Study Sites ________________________________________________________ 23 2.2.1 Olifants River (OR)
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Some Lake Ecosystems in Tropical Africa, with Special Reference to the Invertebrates
    Biol. Rev. ( 1974), 49. PP- 365-397 365 BRC PAH 49-10 DEVELOPMENT OF SOME LAKE ECOSYSTEMS IN TROPICAL AFRICA, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE INVERTEBRATES By A. J. M cL A C H L A N Zoology Department, University of Newcastle upon Tyne NE 1 7RU, Britain {Received 22 January 1974) CONTENTS I n t r o d u c t i o n .......................................................................................................... 365 Man made lakes ........... 369 Lakes Kariba and Volta . 371 The pre-impoundment catchment . .371 The filling p h a s e .................................................................................................372 (а) Physical and chemical characteristics ...... 372 (i) Turbidity .......... 372 (ii) Nutrient salts .......... 372 (iii) O x y g e n .................................................................................................373 (iv) Organic matter ......... 373 (б) Animals and p la n t s ............................................................................. 374 (i) Explosive population growth ....... 374 (ii) Distribution p a t t e r n s ....................................................................375 (c) Conclusions ........... 378 The post-filling phase .......... 378 (a) The role of submerged woodland ....... 380 (b) Development of the mud habitat ....... 382 (c) Rooted aquatic plants as a habitat for sedentary animals . 384 (d) Fluctuations in lake level ........ 385 (e) Conclusions ........... 388 Equilibrium p h a s e .................................................................................................388
    [Show full text]
  • Lake Kariba Fisheries Research Institute Project Report Number 67
    Annual report 1990 Item Type monograph Authors Machena, C. Publisher Department of National Parks and Wild Life Management Download date 29/09/2021 15:18:38 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/25005 Lake Kariba Fisheries Research Institute Project Report Number 67 1990 Annual Report Compiled by C. Machena ,ional Parks and Wildlife Management. COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND TOURISM Mr K.R. Mupfumira - Chief Executive Officer DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL PARKS AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT Dr. W.K. Nduku - Director and Chairman of Committee of Management Mr. G. Panqeti - Deputy Director Mr.R.B. Martin - Assistant Director (Research) Mr. Nyamayaro - Assistant Director (Administration) LAKE KARIBA FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE Dr. C. Machena - Officer - in - Charge Mr. N. Mukome - ExecutiveOfficer and Secretary of Committee of Management. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Officer-in-Charge's Reoort 4 The Zambia/Zimbabwe SADCC Lake Kariba Fisheries Research And DeveloQment Pro:iect 12 Comparative Study Of Growth OfLimnothrissanijodon (Boulenger) in Lake Kariba 18 An Analysis Of The Effects Of Fishing Location And Gear On Kapenta Catches On Lake Kariba 19 Hydro-acoustic Surveys In Lake Kariba 20 The Pre-recruitment Ecology of The Freshwater SardineLimnothrissamíodon(Boulenger) In Lake Kariba 22 Report On Short Course In Zooplankton Quantitative Sampling Methods held at the Freshwater Biology Laboratory Windermere From 19 to 30 November 1990... 25 Report On Training: Post-Graduate Training - Humberside Polytechnic, U.K 32 Postharvest Fish Technology In Lake Kariba. Zimbabwe 33 Assessment Of The Abundance Of Inshore Fish Stocks And Evaluating The Effects Of Fishing Pressure On The Biology Of Commercially Important Species And Ecological Studies OnSynodontiszambezensís.......35 11.
    [Show full text]
  • LAKE KARIBA: a Man-Made Tropical Ecosystem in Central Africa MONOGRAPHIAE BIOLOGICAE
    LAKE KARIBA: A Man-Made Tropical Ecosystem in Central Africa MONOGRAPHIAE BIOLOGICAE Editor J.ILLIES Schlitz VOLUME 24 DR. W. JUNK b.v. PUBLISHERS THE HAGUE 1974 LAKE KARIBA: A Man-Made Tropical Ecosystem in Central Africa Edited by E. K. BALON & A. G. CaCHE DR. W. JUNK b.v. PUBLISHERS THE HAGUE 1974 ISBN- 13: 978-94-010-2336-8 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-010-2334-4 001: 10.1007/978-94-010-2334-4 © 1974 by Dr. W. Junk b.v., Publishers, The Hague Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition Cover design M. Velthuijs, The Hague Zuid-Nederlandsche Drukkerij N.V., 's-Hertogenbosch GENERAL CONTENTS Preface . VII Abstract IX Part I Limnological Study of a Tropical Reservoir by A. G. CacHE Contents of Part I. 3 Introduction and Acknowledgements . 7 Section I The Zambezi catchment above the Kariba Dam: general physical background 11 1. Physiography 13 2. Geology and soils . 18 3. Climate .. 25 4. Flora, fauna and human population. 41 Section II The rivers and their characteristics. 49 5. The Zambezi River . 51 6. Secondary rivers in the lake catchment 65 Section III Lake Kariba physico-chemical characteristics 75 7. Hydrology .. 77 8. Morphometry and morphology . 84 9. Sampling methodology 102 10. Optical properties . 108 11. Thermal properties 131 12. Dissolved gases 164 13. Mineral content 183 Section IV Conclusions . 231 14. General trophic status of Lake Kariba with particular reference to fish production. 233 Literature cited. 236 Annex I 244 Annex II .. 246 V Part II Fish Production of a Tropical Ecosystem by E.
    [Show full text]
  • Sex Differentiation and a Chromosomal Inversion Lead to Cryptic Diversity In
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/800904; this version posted October 15, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Sex differentiation and a chromosomal inversion lead to cryptic 2 diversity in Lake Tanganyika sardines 3 4 Julian Junker*1,2, Jessica A. Rick*3, Peter B. McIntyre4, Ismael Kimirei5, Emmanuel A. Sweke5,7, Julieth 5 B. Mosille5, Bernhard Werli1,6, Christian Dinkel1, Salome Mwaiko1,2, Ole Seehausen1,2, Catherine E. 6 Wagner3 7 * denotes equal contribution 8 1 EAWAG Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-6047 Kastanienbaum, 9 Switzerland 10 2 Division of Aquatic Ecology, Institute of Ecology & Evolution, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, 11 Switzerland 12 3 Department of Botany and Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82072 13 USA 14 4 Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14850 USA 15 5 Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute (TAFIRI), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 16 6 Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland 17 7 Deep Sea Fishing Authority (DSFA), Zanzibar, Tanzania 18 Corresponding authors: Julian Junker ([email protected]), Jessica Rick ([email protected]) and 19 Catherine E. Wagner ([email protected]) 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/800904; this version posted October 15, 2019.
    [Show full text]
  • An Assessment of Fish Assemblages Between Protected and Non
    International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies 2017; 5(5): 93-99 E-ISSN: 2347-5129 P-ISSN: 2394-0506 (ICV-Poland) Impact Value: 5.62 An assessment of fish assemblages between protected (GIF) Impact Factor: 0.549 IJFAS 2017; 5(5): 93-99 and non-protected areas on the Zambezi /Chobe River © 2017 IJFAS www.fisheriesjournal.com Received: 05-07-2017 EK Simasiku, SK Mafwila, EF Chimbioputo, JL Kashimba and J Accepted: 06-08-2017 Lubanda EK Simasiku Department of Wildlife Abstract Management and Ecotourism, The fisheries of the Zambezi are currently experiencing an alarming decline due to an increasing fishing Katima Mulilo Campus, pressure. With increasing fishing pressure, fish populations may undergo a series of changes in size, University of Namibia, Private species composition and abundance. As a result, scientists and managers are deemed to seek for Bag 1096, Ngweze, Katima alternative measures to protect and conserve fish stocks. One such option is the use of fish protected Mulilo, Namibia areas (FPAs). Two recently established FPA’s on the Zambezi/Chobe River are the Kalimbeza and SK Mafwila Kasaya Channels. However, accrued benefits of these FPAs have never been assessed. Comparative Department of Fisheries and experiments using gillnets of different mesh sizes (12 mm – 150 mm) were conducted between FPA’s Aquatic Sciences, and Sam (Kalimbeza channel) and non-FPA’s (Hippo channel) between March and December 2016 to test the Nujoma Marine and Coastal hypothesis that, FPA’s would yield high fish abundance (CPUE) than non- FPAs. Experimental fishing Resources Research Centre, Sam trials showed a high CPUE by weight and number (p<0.05) of the five dominant species (Hydrocynus Nujoma Campus, University of vittatus, Schilbe intermedius, Pharyngochromis acuticeps, M.
    [Show full text]