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The History of South Yakutia Exploration Downloadpdf 3,8 MB THE HISTORY OF SOUTH YAKUTIA EXPLORATION CONTENTS HISTORICAL PRESENCE OF SOUTH YAKUTIA................................................................................. 6 1915–1974: THE HISTORY OF SOUTH YAKUTIA EXPLORATION........................................... 8 1974: THE HISTORICAL COOPERATION OF RUSSIA AND JAPAN......................................... 11 2009: THE INVESTMENT PROJECT «COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTH YAKUTIA»..................................................... 13 2016: MODERN NERYUNGRI – ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL CENTER OF SOUTH YAKUTIA ................................................................................................................................ 15 KOLMAR: NERYUNGRI STRATEGIC COMPANY ............................................................................ 17 NERYUNGRI: COAL CENTER OF SOUTH YAKUTIA....................................................................... 19 THE OPENING OF THE COAL PREPARATION PLANT................................................................. 21 THE BUILDING OF THE TERMINAL FOR COAL TRANSSHIPMENT AT THE SEAPORT VANINO IN MUCHKE BAY................................................................................. 23 COOPERATION WITH ASIA-PACIFIC REGION................................................................................. 25 NERYUNGRI: SPORTS ACHIEVEMENTS........................................................................................... 27 THE ANTHEM OF THE NERYUNGRINSKY DISTRICT................................................................... 29 3 «Resources both of the state and private business should go to the development and achievement of the strategic goals. Such goals as, for example, the rise of Siberia and the Far East. This is our national priority for the entire 21st century. The problems to be dealt with are unprecedented in scale, which means the steps we take should be creatively different». V.V. Putin 4 5 HISTORICAL PRESENCE OF SOUTH YAKUTIA The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) occupies the fifth part of the Russian territory and is a Apatites Fresh water unique region in terms of the diversity, quantity and quality of subsoil resources. The largest Seligdar apatite deposit is lo- There are 29 officially registered fresh cated in the Seligdar industrial and mining water aquifers in Yakutia. 14 aquifers The greater portion of the explored reserves is located in South Yakutia, which makes cluster. The balance sheet reserves of this are used for water supply purposes. The it — judging by the current mining volumes of mineral resources and their explored and deposit amount to: apatite – 1.4 Bln. tons greater portion of the reserves is concen- predicted potential — one of the most important raw material regions, not only in the and fluorine – 1.2 Bln. tons. The deposit trated in South Yakutia. Republic, but of the Far Eastern Federal District as whole. Mineral raw resources mined also contains rare earth metals. in the region demonstrate great diversity. These are coking coals, noble, ferrous and non- Mineral water ferrous metals, chemical, mining-engineering raw material, radioactive materials and many Iron ores other things. There are four registered aquifers of drink- The main concentration place of iron ores ing mineral water and one aquifer of min- is the Aldan iron ore province with a poten- eral water for external application in Ya- Coal Gold tial of 18.9 Bt. There are 14 deposits on kutia. Two therapeutic mud deposits have There are over 25 officially The main gold reserves are the balance sheet. The most prospective been explored. registered deposits in South concentrated in the Central deposits are Dyosovskoye and Tayozhnoye. Yakutia. The most cost-ef- Aldan, Upper Timpton, Up- Uranium fective and commercially per Tokkin, Nuyamo-Algo- Non-metallic Uranium deposits are located in South Ya- important deposits are min industrial and mining minerals kutia and are represented by the Elkon located in the Aldano- clusters. Potential esti- Non-metallic minerals in Yakutia are rep- group of deposits, being the largest de- Chulman and Elgin in- mation of the gold re- resented by raw cement, gypsum, building posit in Russia in terms of reserves. dustrial and mining serves explored in the stone, gemstones, zeolites, stone salt, ap- cluster, with the balance region is in excess of atites, graphite, and vermiculite. sheet reserves amount- 304.1 billion rubles. ing to ca. 7.4 Bln. tons of coking coals. 6 7 1915–1974: THE HISTORY OF SOUTH YAKUTIA EXPLORATION Fur hunters who came here for valuable trophies caused the first interest in Yakutia. March 4, 1952 The Council of Ministers December 1973 The State Reserves However, Moscow soon realized that the lands of Yakutia are much more valuable for the of the USSR adopted a detailed regulation Committee of the Council of Ministers of country. By order of Moscow, the quest for gold, silver, iron, mica, coal, base metals and «On the Preparation for the Industrial De- the USSR approved of the reserves of precious stones started in these districts. velopment of the Aldan-Chulman Group of Neryungri deposit in the amount of 469.5 Iron and Coal Deposits in the Yakut ASSR.» millions tons of coal, which were available The regulation obliged the USSR Minis- for open-pit mining. About 80 % was high- 1915—1918 The scouts of Oparin, the 1936 The Trust «Ayamzolototrans» try of Geology to dramatically enhance quality coking coal. The reserves of the owner of Blagoveschensk gold mines, dis- bored the first tunnel (Pioneer mine), and the exploration of coal and iron, increas- entire South Yakutia coal basin were es- covered gold placer on the Tommot river. its coal was used for household needs and ing by 1955 the iron ore reserves of timated at 40 billion tons. Nearby, forgings in the village of Chulman. South Yakutia to 130 million tons in one hundred kilometers, there 1925 At the request of Yakutia’s gov- and the capacity of minefields in were deposits of iron ore of the ernment, the Academy of Sciences of the 1940 Due to the emerging problem of Chulmansky district to 2.4 mil- South Aldan region, with esti- USSR organized a special «Committee for coal allowance to the Amur railway, the lion tons per year. mated reserves of more than the exploration of the Yakut ASSR.» first special works on coal were carried out. 20 billion tons with iron content 1973 The demand for coking of 45–52 %. 1932 Outlets of the coal bed of Chulmak- July 8, 1949 The Yakut Regional Com- and power-generating coal was anskiy field were found not far from the mittee of the All-Union Communist Par- defined in the «Guidelines for the July 3, 1974 the USSR and Ja- village of Chulman. ty issued an internal memo to the CPSU Technical and Economic Develop- pan signed a general agreement «On Central Committee on the formulation of ment of the South Yakutia Coal Basin with the South Yakutia Coal Supply from the 1932 The brochure by A.B. Natolsky a long-term plan of development of the the Emphasis on the Priority Construction USSR to Japan and the Supplies of Equip- «Essays on the economy of Aldan» was forces of production in the Yakut ASSR, of the Coal Enterprises.» ment, Machinery, and Materials from Ja- published. He drew attention to the Chul- where the idea of creating the Aldan coal- pan to the USSR for the Development of manskiy coalfield and wrote that «... since metal plant was first articulated. South Yakutia Coal Basin.» Timptonskiy coal belongs to the common bituminous coal and has coking capacity, it means that it could be used for metal- lurgical purposes and it would be nice to build small Metal Works much-needed on the territory of Aldan...» 8 9 1974: THE HISTORICAL COOPERATION OF RUSSIA AND JAPAN On July 3, 1974, the USSR and Japan The fundamental document aimed at the signed a general agreement «On the South effective creation of the South Yaku- Yakutia Coal Supply from the USSR to Ja- tia coal Complex was a joint Resolution pan and the Supplies of Equipment, Ma- of the CC CPSU and the Council of Min- chinery, and Materials from Japan to the isters on April 29, 1975, named «On the USSR for the Development of South Yaku- Construction of South Yakutia Coal Com- tia Coal Basin». plex». Its construction was declared by All-Union Shock Komsomol Con- The agreement provided for the struction. The construction of construction of a coal com- the sites of the Complex was plex on a reimbursable ba- entrusted to the Ministry of sis. Japan was investing a Coal Industry of the USSR, loan of 450 million dollars the Ministry of Transport in the construction. The Construction of the repayment of the loan USSR, and the Pow- was provided by coal er and Electrification supply from the Nery- Ministry of the USSR. ungri coalfield through the port of Vostochny to Shortly after the signing Japan. of the Agreement, the city of Neryungri was founded, The agreement was concluded which today is the coal-heart for 20 years, and the first sup- of South Yakutia. plies of coal concentrate were to be deliv- ered from 3.2 million tons since 1983 to 5.5 million tons since 1985. 10 11 2009: THE INVESTMENT PROJECT «COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTH YAKUTIA» In accordance with the executive order The aim of the project is to create a public- of the Russian Government, dated March private partnership of a new, large industrial 10, 2009, signed by President of Russia area in the Far East of Russia on the basis V.V. Putin, the passport of a comprehensive of the region’s hydroelectric and mineral investment project «Development of the resources: natural
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