Sustainable Towns Development Project

Public Disclosure Authorized Financed By The WB

Social Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Shaanxi Kexin Business Information Consulting Company

October 2018 Contents

1 INTRODUCTION...... 1

1.1 SOCIAL ASSESSMENT TASK...... 1

1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF KEY SOCIAL ITEMS...... 1

1.3 METHODS OF SOCIAL ASSESSMENT...... 2

1.4 SUMMARY OF SOCIAL ASSESSMENT (DETAILS IN 7.1）...... 4

2 SOCIOECONOMIC BACKGROUND IN THE PROJECT AREA...... 6

2.1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT...... 6

2.2 PROJECT RADIATION AREA AND IMMEDIATE AREA...... 7

2.3 PROJECT CONTENTS...... 9

2.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION COUNTIES AND DISTRICTS...... 20

2.4.1 Socio-economic status and development of in City...... 20

2.4.2 Socio-economic status and development of in Ankang City...... 21

2.4.3 Socio-economic status and development ofHanbin in Ankang City...... 21

2.4.4 Socio-economic status and development of in City...... 22

2.4.5 Socio-economic status and development of in Hanzhong City...... 23

2.4.6 Socio-economic status and development of in City 24

2.5 THE SITUATION OF MINORITIES...... 25

2.6 CONDITION OF SAMPLE SURVEY...... 27

2.7 PROFILE OF SEWAGE TREATMENT FACTORY WHICH IS CONNECTED WITH THE PROJECT..... 38

2.8 SURVEY ON SENSITIVE POINTS OF THE PROJECT...... 40

2.8.1 Sensitive points of the project...... 40

2.8.2 Measures to reduce affect to the sensitive points...... 41

3 PROCEDURE AND ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL ASSESSMENT...... 44

3.1 ANALYSIS OF STAKEHOLDER...... 44

3.2 SURVEY ALONG THE PROJECT SITES...... 46 3.2.1 Ziyang County of Ankang City...... 46

3.2.2 Shiquan County of Ankang City...... 60

3.2.3 in Ankang City...... 74

3.2.4 Mian County, Hanzhong City...... 86

3.2.5 Shangnan County, Shangluo City...... 95

3.2.6 Yang County, Hanzhong City...... 106

3.2.7 Regional cooperation platform...... 120

3.3 ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL ASSESSMENT SURVEY...... 123

3.4 EDUCATION AND MEDICAL CONDITION...... 126

4 LAND SYSTEM AND RESETTLEMENT...... 127

4.1 HISTORY OF LAND SYSTEM...... 127

4.2 CURRENT POLICIES AND LAWS ON LAND...... 128

4.3 RESETTLEMENT...... 131

5 IMPACT OF POVERTY RELIEF...... 133

5.1 SITUATION AND CAUSES OF POVERTY...... 133

5.1.1 Situation of poverty...... 133

5.1.2 Causes of poverty...... 133

5.2 MEASURES TO REDUCE POVERTY...... 133

5.3 EFFECT AND RISK OF PROJECT CONSTRUCTION TO POVERTY ALLEVIATION...... 135

5.3.1 Effect of project construction to poverty alleviation...... 135

5.3.2 Latent risk...... 136

6 GENDER ANALYSIS...... 137

6.1 OVERVIEW OF WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT...... 137

6.1.1 Overview of Chinese women’s development...... 137

6.1.2 Development Situation of Women in Shaanxi...... 139

6.1.3 Development characteristic of women in the affected area of the project...... 140

6.1.4 RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE PROJECT ON SOCIAL GENDER... 141

6.1.5 INTERVENTION AND MONITORING OF THE SOCIAL GENDER INFLUENCE OF THE PROJECT144 7 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION...... 147

7.1 OBJECTIVE OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION...... 147

7.2 TIME AND METHOD OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION...... 147

7.3 SURVEY OF PUBLIC ATTITUDE...... 147

7.4 ADOPTION OF PUBLIC OPINION...... 151

8 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS...... 153

8.1 POSITIVE IMPACT OF SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ON PROJECT FEASIBILITY...... 153

8.2 CONCLUSION...... 158

8.2.1 Helpful to infrastructure improvement...... 158

8.2.2 Helpful to reducing poverty...... 158

8.2.3 Beneficial to all people and not producing wealth polarization...... 159

8.2.4 Beneficial to local women...... 159

8.3 SUGGESTIONS...... 161

ATTACHMENTS:...... 165

List of Tables

Table 1 Construction contents...... 10 Table 2 Profile of Social Evaluation Sample...... 28 Table 3 Status of Migrant Workers and Third Industry Practitioners in Some Survey Spots...... 37 Table 4 Profile of sewage treatment factory which is related to the project..38 Table 5 Data of sensitive points...... 40 Table 6 Cultural and religious sites in the project area...... 41 Table 7 Data Table for Impact of Land Acquistion and Relocation in Ziyang Project...... 47 Table 8 Construction Contents for Ziyang...... 56 Table 9 Summary of Public Survey Results of the Project in Ziyang...... 59 Table 10 Selection Scheme for the specific project of Shiquan County...... 62 Table 11 Data table for impact of land acquisition and relocation in Shiquan County...... 68 Table 12 Statistical table of public survey result in Shiquan County...... 73 Table 13 Data table for impact of land acquisition and relocation in Hanbin District project...... 77 Table 14 Construction content of Hanbin District...... 82 Table 15 Statistical table of public survey result of Hanbin District...... 84 Table 16 Construction content of Mian County ...... 92 Table 17 survey results on public attitudes in Mian County ...... 93 Table 18 Data sheet for Impact of LA&R of Shangnan Project ...... 97 Table 19 Construction content of Shangnan County...... 102 Table 20 Statistical table of public survey result of Shangnan County...... 105 Table 21 Impact of land acquisition and relocation in Yang County...... 108 Table 22 Construction Content of Yang County ...... 114 Table 23 Statistical table of public survey result of Yang County...... 119 Table 24 Land Occupation of the Planned Natural Gas Radar Station...... 121 Table 25 Land Occupation Influence of the Planned Automatic Water Quality Monitoring Station...... 122 Table 26 Baseline data and target value of project’s impact index on women145 Table 27 Form of questionnaire...... 148 Table 28 Statistical table for adopting social assessment advices in feasibility report...... 154

List of Figures

Figure 1 Sketch Map for the Location of Project Implementation Area...... 9 Figure 2 Discussion with religious people...... 26 Figure 3 Sensitive Spots Under the Impact of the Project...... 41 Figure 4 Social evaluation personnel are visiting Dongchengmen Community49 Figure 5 The demolished site in the road reconstruction project from Hanjiang Bridge o Caihong Bridge in Ziyang...... 49 Figure 6 Statement of Ziyang County Land and Resources Bureau for Land Use...... 50 Figure 7 Settlement Building of Ziyang County People’s Government for Public Welfare (Phase III)...... 51 Figure 8 People’s Hospital of Ziyang County...... 53 Figure 9 Discussion meeting held by the investigation team in the meeting room of Huixianqiao Community, Chenguan Town...... 54 Figure 10 Survey Situation in Ziyang County...... 55 Figure 11 Interview with the residents of Erli Community...... 69 Figure 12 Investigation on site in Shiquan County...... 70 Figure 13 Investigation on site of Dongmen Lane Kindergarte...... 71 Figure 14 Investigator’s on-the-spot interview...... 78 Figure 15 Labadong Pump Station...... 79 Figure 16 Investigation team are having a small discussion meeting at Jingning Community...... 80 Figure 17 Investigation in Hanbin District...... 81 Figure 18 Current situation of the new Shelter Square in Mian County...... 87 Figure 19 Fruit vendor is interviewed by research analysts ...... 88 Figure 20 Mian County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital ...... 89 Figure 21Investigation team organize a discussion meeting in Mianyang Subdistrict of Mian County ...... 90 Figure 22 Investigation in Main County ...... 91 Figure 23 Small discussion meeting of project field in Hupo Lane ...... 98 Figure 24 Photocopy of masses’ opinion at Hupo Lane...... 99 Figure 25 Interviewing with residents in Shangnan County...... 100 Figure 26 Interviewing with women in Shangnan Community...... 100 Figure 27 Investigation in Shangnan County...... 101 Figure 28 Field Survey in Yang County...... 110 Figure 29 Nanjie Primary School in Yang County...... 111 Figure 30 Investigation team are having a discussion meeting in the community of Yang County...... 112 Figure 31 Survey Situation in Yang County...... 113 1 Introduction

1.1 Social assessment task Under the entrustment of Shaanxi Provincial Foreign Loan Utilization Project Office, Shaanxi Kexin Business Information Consulting Company undertakes the social evaluation of Shaanxi Sustainable Towns Development Project Financed by The WB. According to the relevant requirements of World Bank’s safeguard policies, the mission of the social assessment is: A) To prepare the Social Assessment Report of World Bank Loan Supporting Shaanxi Charateristic Small Towns and Rural Tourism Development Project, in Chinese and English, and the report should meet the requirements of World Bank. B) Through intensive field surveys, to know socioeconomic and cultural characteristics and the direct and potential impact of the project construction in the project directly-affected area and indirectly-affected area. Its specific task includes socioeconomic development situation in the project area, the development advantages and restriction factors, the relation between project construction and local socioeconomic development, situation and cause of poverty in the project area, the situation of minorities and the impact to minorities’ life and production, survey of public participation, and local people’s views and suggestions of the project construction.

1.2 Identification of key social items According to the project plan and the actual situation in the project implementation area, and experts’ discussion and analysis, the project confirms initially the essential social items of the project are:

1 The demand of local people in the project area and benefit stakeholders; 2 Relation between Project construction and local socioeconomic development; 3 Relation between project construction and local poverty relief; 4 Whether the project implementation of infrastructure construction is beneficial to the local socioeconomic development and local people's demands;

1 5 The resettlement caused by the project construction, as well as relocated persons’ support to the project; 6 Project construction and women’s development. We will elaborate these questions in the corresponding chapter in this report.

1.3 Methods of social assessment According to Project Feasibility Report, the evaluators determined to carry out carpet social evaluation investigation in 8 subdistricts (towns) and 22 communities (administrative villagers) from 6 counties (districts). A.Assessment staff: From January 4~7, 2018, Shaanxi Kexin Business Information Consulting Company hired Professor Shi Ying, the vice President of Chinese Socialogical Association, Professor Jiang Bo, the President of Shaanxi Academy of Social Sciences, Jury of National Social Sciences Fund of the State Council, and Research Niu Fang, Dean of Sociology Department of Shaanxi Academy of Social Sciences to train the 16 assessement staff in the theory and methods of project social assessment. Fang Haiyun, principal of the social evaluation and Chief Expert of Shaanxi Kexin Business Information Consulting Company introduced the details of Shaanxi Sustainable Towns Development and rural tourism development Project and the major tasks and requirements of the social evaluation.Then, the assessment staff went to survey sites in two groups for 32 working days field survey from January 8 to February 10, conducted field survey in two groups for 32 working days, and surveyed again from March 5 ~28, May 15~22 , and September 20~ 30 at every survey site, and updated the social assessment report. B.The methods employed in the survey are PRA, field survey in anthropology, and questionnaire. The participants of the survey are ordinary farmers, residents, self-employed households engaging in local agricultural and sideline products processing and sales, small and medium-sized enterprises, transportation households, commercial institution practitioners, company staff, cadres, and so on. During the survey, the assessment staff also visited the Housing and Urban and Rural Construction Bureau, Land Resources Bureau, Bureau of

2 Agriculture, Poverty Alleviation Office, Bureau of Religious Affairs and other relevant agencies to discuss the impact to local socioeconomic development and different groups. C.Public participation.

1. In social assessment work of the project, public participation activities have been activity implemented. Main objectives of public participation in the project are: 1 Through public participation in the project, to publicize the project to the public ; 2 Through public participation in the project, to understand the public's attitudes to the project; 3 Through public participation in project, to understand the most concern of the public; 4 Through public participation, to understand the public’s comments and suggestions to the project.

2. Main method of public participation: 1 To hold consultation such as discussion, information disclosure, seminars and so on for 40 times; 2 To select the target population (family) for face-to-face consultation, including the poor and women; 3 To hold a public’s attitude survey through questionnaire, which includes the awareness of the implementation of the project, assessment of the needs of local social economic development, the attitude of project construction, opinions and suggestions, etc. 4 To invite the Project Office experts and staff to carry out publicity and get feedback with opinions and suggestions; 40 public participation activities were held in 6 project counties and districts from January to September 2018, and the interviews into public’s houses were nearly 400 times.

3. In the field survey of project social assessment, the staff collected many documents： (1) Collected local chronicles of Ankang city, Hanzhoung city, Shangluo city, local chronicles of the project counties (districts), and relevant documentary records in order to understand the historical background of

3 the project area; (2) Collected socioeconomic development data or almanac of Ankang city, Hanzhoung city, Shangluo city, and 6 project counties (districts), and relevant towns and villages to understand the current socioeconomic situation of the project area.

1.4 Summary of social assessment (details in 7.1） From the field survey and public participation, it can be seen that in the project area the local government, local people and enterprises and other institutions have different opinions with the current status of the infrastructure and its construction standards. Especially the backward infrastructure in some places is the main cause of the slow local economic development and low living standards of the masses, which is the common view of people of the local people in the project area. The implementation of this project will help promote and speed up the process of the socioeconomic development, gradually eliminate poverty, promote regional development, and to narrow the differences in development between the areas. The project construction is necessary and practicable. The positive impacts are as follow: 1. Based on the perspective of construction goals of resilient city, in the proposed project, it carries out objective evaluation on the disaster resilience of the project implementation area, and is favorable for improving the city resilience and enhancing disaster resilience through the implementation of compensating the shortage of emergency condition and other schemes. 2. The proposed project is conducive to improving the development of backward emergency infrastructure condition of he project area, promoting environmental carrying capacity; 3. The proposed project can increase the population capacity of old city group and the development vigor through promoting the update of cities and towns, further take the lead in the transit of county from the previous extensive land use pattern, enhancing the efficiency of land development and utilization, thus stepping onto the intensive, conservative and efficient connotative development road. The construction scheme can help solving the poverty affect of the project area; 4. The proposed project focuses on improving road network system and

4 supporting public facilities and enhancing infrastructure, which is favorable for improving the production, living and ecological environment of old city groups, and finishing urban renewal through improving the human settlement environment of old city groups; 5. The proposed project fully considers the massive demand of the public in project implementation area and the special need of different groups, and exerts key focus on the appeal of vulnerable groups, so that the project scheme would benefit the vast public in the project area, would not lead to income disparity and is conducive to the elimination and relief of poverty impact; 6. The proposed project conduces to the social development of project implementation area, to the cultivation of children and to the enhancement of their education level. Especially, it is favorable for improving the social environment of women and reducing the prejudice of gender label for women and the damage for their rights,to ensure that women and men benefit equally from the intervention measures of project. It is also beneficial for improvement of living standard of minority nationalities. 7. There will also be some potential negative effects in the project construction. But through adopting targeted Interventions, these negative effects would definitely be avoided.

5 2 Socioeconomic background in the project area

2.1 Description of the project Small towns, as the core area in the subsequent poverty alleviation, are playing an important role in the urbanization of in the next stage. Despite per capita GDP in Shaanxi Province increased in great extent previously, it is still lower than the national average. In the past 15 years, urban expansion speed of Shaanxi once exceeded the national average. But the incoordination between policy and land planning has brought about various challenges to land use efficiency. Especially, the cities and towns in South Shaanxi stress on the Hanjiang River Corridor, where reveals a growth trend both in economy and population of city and town in recent years. But this area is also an economically and environmentally fragile area, with tight land resources, low use efficiency. Beside, it is a lack of coordinated and intensive management in urban development, easily suffers from the natural disasters with insufficient disaster resistance, which amplifies the social hazards of disasters, making it one of the 14 neighbouring poor mountainous areas. Poverty in Some area is quite common and tough, hence, this area is always taken as the precedence in the regional development strategy both in China and Shaanxi Province. In order to facilitate the regional urban cluster development, reduce the risks and hazard of flood and other natural disasters and enhance the urban interconnection and service in the selected cities of South Shaanxi, Shaanxi Province proposed to implement the Shaanxi characteristic town and urban tourism development and construction project with World Bank loan in Hanjiang River Corridor (especially urban construction area), in order to reduce the impact of urban flood disasters, improve ecological resilience (construction of resilient city), and cultivate a compact and efficient land use model (urban renewal) through controlling urban expansion to enhance space efficiency and promote urban regeneration of old towns The proposed implementation project will focus on the construction activities and investment projects in the four aspects below: Component I: Urban cluster association: Purpose of the component is to improve the coordination in the upstream urban clusters of Hanjiang River

6 Corridor thus affecting the sustainable development of the areas with similar ecological resilience and the problems of regeneration. Component II: Urban ecological resilience: This component will improve the natural disaster resistance and ecological resilience of cities and towns. Structural intervention measures include constructing or upgrading the fragile infrastructure, such as flood control, emergency evacuation facilities, evacuation route and other relevant public space. Non-structural intervention measures include (i) upgrading the local planning capacity in relevance to the risk sensitive land use planning, (ii) evaluating the natural disaster risks of lifeline and key infrastructure, (iii) preparing and implementing contingency plan, recovery plan and emergency plan, and (iv) ensuring the coordination action in urban cluster. Component III: Urban renewal: The component will support the update of old cities and towns, and will focus on the construction of a compact and efficient land use pattern by improving public space utilization efficiency and service quality. Structural intervention measures include upgrading the infrastructure of key communities, such as water supply system, storm drainage, hygiene network, public space inside block and road improvement, and constructing non-motorized transportation infrastructure or bicycle path or footpath. Non-structural measures include update of demand evaluation survey, planning guide, walkability improvement plan and non-motor vehicle traffic management, etc. Component VI: Project implementation assistance and M&E: Project management and consulting assistance is applicable for design review, preparation of biding document, project management and report, development of M&E system. Based on the above components, the project construction contents are confirmed into two categories: construction of resilient city and urban update engineering. See detailed implementation in Section 2.3.

2.2 Project radiation area and immediate area

According to project construction target and based on the principle of “ease of management”, in order to ensure the quality of preparation work, the work pattern and the implementation of following work, the project confirms the

7 6 counties (districts) in three cities in South Shaanxi as the project implementation counties (districts), including Shiquan County, Ziyang County and Hanbin District in Ankang City, Yang County, Mian County in Hanzhong City and Shangnan County in Shangluo City. Because the project is constructed in 8 subdistricts (towns) of 6 counties, this report defines the 8 subdistricts (towns) of 6 counties above as the project radiation areas, and the direct implementation communities (villages) of the project activities in the 8 subdistricts (towns) are defined as the immediate areas. The project sites under the entire impact of the county (district) where the project is implemented are all the subdistricts (towns) where the county locates. Therefore, the project radiation areas include all communities (villages) in the 8 subdistricts, totaling 65 communities and 101 villages. Immediate areas in the project involve 21 communities and 1 villages. See Table 10 for the basic information. See Figure 1 for the Sketch Map of the Implementation Towns and Cities in the Proposed Project.

8 Figure 1 Sketch Map for the Location of Project Implementation Area

2.3 Project contents

Construction of the project is composed of two categories: construction of resilient city and urban renewal engineering. The contents in the 6 project counties/districts are as the following table.

9 Table 1 Construction contents

Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

Ankang City 1. Prevention and treatment of waterlogging and governance of water 1. Promotion of urban slow-traffic system and public space: Xiangyang environment. Road (including Zhenzhu Road and Daqiao Road), Binjiang Avenue, North Restore the drainage system in old rural area, and expand the drainage Wenhua Road, Buzi Road, Jinqiao Road, Taoyuan Road, Xianghe Road capacity in Honghuagou Pumping Station. These intervention measures will and Binjiang hydrophilic trail in core urban area are comprehensively relieve the waterlogging in core urban area and the risk that sewage updated, with a total length of 5,725m, including the contents of greening, overflows into Hanjiang River. The existing drainage pipeline is constructed lightening, increment of transport signal facilities, leisure facilities, and in 10 urban roads including Xiangyang Road (west of Yingbin Road, reconstruction of sidewalk surface; The sidewalk in Xiangyang Road section covering Daqiao Road and Zhenzhu Road), Binjiang Avenue, Buzi Road, at the east of Beitai Lane will not be excavated in large scale, and only the Xianghe Road, Jinqiao Road, Beitai Lane, Taoyuan Road, North Wenhua damaged roads are rehabilitated and humanized facilities are increased, Road, Changban Lane, Honghua Avenue. Drainage confluence pipe/ canals with a length of 1,780m, which can meet the requirement of 11,000 persons 1 Shiquan County are divided into rainwater pipeline and sewage pipeline, and the road and for walk. The existing Honghua square and the square in Migration and some water supply pipes are rehabilitated, including sewage pipe of Development Bureau are upgraded and reconstructed (totaling 3,500 ㎡). 6,290m, rainwater pipe of 4,587m, water supply pipe of 1,683m. Four block-level small squares (totaling 4,200 ㎡) are increased, which will Honghuagou Pumping Station is improved and reconstructed, for which, the provide more public space for 6,500 persons. Binjiang hydrophilic trail of original Pumping Station is reconstructed into special waterlogging Pumping 900m is constructed and safety prevention measures, greening landscape Station, with designed flow of 4.5m³/s and designed hydraulic head of and lightening facilities, leisure and fitting facilities and arts facilities are 12.46m; meanwhile, a new sewage Pumping Station is constructed with increased. Honghua Square and square in migration and development designed flow of 0.21m³/s and designed hydraulic head of 19.9m. The bureau are updated with a total are of 3,500 ㎡. Squares in Zhongxue Lane, intervening measures will solve the waterlogging that including 6,467 Old Taoyuan Community, Old Community of Original Reeling Mill and Old persons and the sewage drainage for a total of 39,000 persons in 3km² of

10 Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

the whole urban area. Jinjiang Fudi Community, totaling four communities, are newly constructed 2. Construction of excavation channel: construct an excavation channeland increased, with a total area of 4,200 ㎡, including the main contents of for flood prevention from Zhenzhu Fitting Square in the west of the city tosite engineering, water drainage, environmental protection, greening, Binjiang Avenue, which is 50m in length. An excavation channel connectinglightening, leisure and fitting facilities are allocated. Chunchao Square, Beihuan Road and Shelter Park in the east of the city is 2. Upgrade of old rural communities: old communities cover an area of constructed by making use of the 4-m channel at the east side of civil affairsaround 0.7km² and have a total population of around 8,000 persons in about bureau in Chunchao Square. 2,600 households. A total of nine streets and lanes including Dongmen 3. Construction of emergency shelter square: Beichen Shelter Park andLane and Maojiao Lane in the old communities (a total area of 1,242m) are Chengdong Square are newly constructed with a total area of 62,000 ㎡ ,comprehensively upgraded. The main project contents include water supply including 50,000 ㎡ in Beichen Shelter Park and 12,000 ㎡ in Chengdongpile reconstruction, rainwater and sewage drainage system construction, Square. The intervening measures bring the 15,500 residents thereconstruction of damaged roads, supporting fire fighting facilities and emergency excavation facilities. public facilities. Implementation of the project will improve the daily living 4. Improvement of water supply pipe: the water supply pipes inenvironment of 1,100 persons. Xiangyang Road (west of Yingbin Road, including Daqiao Road and 3. Sidewalk reconstruction engineering in slow-traffic system: road in Zhenzhu Road), Beitai Lane, Changban Lane are upgraded, totalingDongmenling is 530m in length and 1.5-3m in width; road in No.1 Team of 1,683m, which can sold the problems of old water supply pipes andErli Community is 240m in length and 4-5m in width. insufficiency in water supply capability for nearly 5,000 people. 5. Governance of landslide: landslide in Road of 100m and landslide of Zojiaoshu of 60m are treated for prevention, so as to meet the requirement of 2,200 students and teachers in Chengguan No.1 Primary School and 400 households for daily travel and emergency excavation, and improve intensive land use efficiency.

11 Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

6. On the basis of existing flood control command platform, integrate the basic information of the departments of water conservancy, environmental protection, urban construction, national land, transport, civil affairs in the county level in a horizontal method and summarize that in a timely manner, in order to facilitate for the improvement of collaborative management capacity in warning and excavation of flood and other natural disaster, traffic schedule, water environmental protection of the whole county. Link with the relevant municipal platforms to ensure the basin cooperative foundation. 1. Construct 4 temporary emergency shelters of community level, with a total area of 24,180m2, including the shelter square of 780m² in Beipo area, Comprehensive reconstruction of footpath system in mountain city. Dongchengmen Square of 2,000m², Shiliangzi Shelter Square of 460m², Carry out comprehensive reconstruction for the footpath system in the old Ximenhe Shelter Square of 21,600m². It is also supported with emergency mountain city. Increase the signs and supporting safety and lighting excavation channel, supporting shelter equipment and facilities and facilities, connect through the congested points, solve the problems in the greening and lighting facilities, etc.; connection between the footpath in mountain city and main excavation 2 Ziyang County 2. Reconstruction of emergency excavation channel system: channel, in order to ensure the connectivity of emergency channel. A total of rehabilitate part of the emergency excavation channels in urban area, 3,388m footpath system in the mountain city has been reconstructed and optimize and reconstruct the fracture surface of road, improve drainage pipe constructed, in which, the reconstructed lane is 2,935m, and the newly network, increase the signs and service facilities, green and signs to ensure constructed lane is 453m. the connectivity of the geological hazard spots, emergency square and the footpath system in mountain city, in order to ensure a smooth escape route and solve the problems that the flood in rainy season and the sewage in the

12 Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

urban area are directly drained into Hanjiang River. In the project, it totally constructs and reconstructs the emergency excavation channel of 4,620m, the supporting water drainage system of 8,498.8m for excavation channel including sewage pipe network of 1,061.7m and rainwater pipe network of 2,645.5m. A total of 741.11m flood discharge trench is reconstructed. 3. Construction of county-level comprehensive information system for disaster prevention and reduction: the platform shall gather the mass prediction and disaster prevention, emergency guard, monitoring and early warning, emergency handling, engineering governance, migration and relocation, risk evaluation and other information and has the functions of data monitoring and collection, transmission and processing, analysis and forecast, integrated business management, remote negotiation, assistant decision, analog simulation, information release, so as to improve the pre-disaster adaptability, enhance mid-disaster coping capacity and accelerate the post-disaster recovery capability. Prevention of waterlogging: 1. Jingning Community: Comprehensively reconstruct the road, and 1. Reconstruction of Labadong Pumping Station: improve the designed improve road infrastructure. Demolish the illegal construction along the pumping capacity from 7.2m³/s to 14.7m³/s, expand the catchment area road, restore the architectural interface along the road, and rationally 2 2 3 Hanbin District from 3.67km to 5 km , and increase the serving population from 46,000 to optimize the architectural interface along the road; take slow-traffic system 62,000. as the main consideration object to rationally optimize the walking space 2. Municipal drainage facilities engineering in Xiba District: it involves and integrate various public ancillary facilities. Reconstruct the road cross the comprehensive reconstruction of nine municipal roads including Bashan section and road pavement in the area, improve the supporting

13 Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

Road, Yinghu Road, West Xing’an Road, West Outer Ring Road, West Inner infrastructure of the road, make use of partial space along thr road to set Ring Road and South Inner Ring Road, with a total length of 4,790m. greening and landscapes, and rationally set chairs and other street facilities. Yong’an Road is newly constructed, and Jinchuan Street is expanded and Connect through the micro-circulation of the road in the communities, reconstructed, that people can stretch to the interior. improve infrastructure of the community. It is suggested to demolish the 3. Flood drainage ditch engineering in Nanshan; carbon shed in the community, connect the roads in the community and the 4. Rehabilitation engineering in flood points of Yucai Road; roads out side to improve the travel convenience of people in the 5. Upgrade and reconstruction engineering for waterlogging monitoringcommunity. Construct the spare spaces into small activity square to system in Jiangnan urban area and acquisition engineering of waterincrease the public activity space for the residents, improve infrastructure drainage and maintenance equipment in Jiangnan Urban area. 6. Technicalconstruction and reconstruct drainage, reconstruct the pavement in the assistance. community; increase convenient facilities and spiritual and cultural facilities in the community. Reconstruction of South Jingning Road includes rainwater pipe of 523M, and sewage pipe of 530m. The car lane and sidewalks are comprehensively reconstructed, in a total length of 8,400m. Reconstruction of Tiyu Road includes rainwater pipe of 300m, sewage pipe of 300m. Reconstruction of road surface is 5,580M. Reconstruction of Jingning Lane includes rainwater pipe of 286M, sewage pipe of 305m. Reconstruction of road surface is 1,875M. Reconstruction of Jiangnan Lane includes rainwater pipe of 198M and sewage pipe of 230m. The road surface reconstruction is 1,020M. An open fair is planned to be constructed at the west of South Jingning Road, with a construction area of 1,800 ㎡ and net storey height of 7.0m, which is surrounded by a brick-concrete two-layer building as the facade room., with the construction area of 1,400

14 Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

㎡ and storey height of 3.5m. It is planned to set some fixed chairs for the sidewalks at the both sides of South Jingning Road and Tiyu Road, currently, ten are available. Road construction and road surface reconstruction in Jingning Community involve an area of 2,750m with a rainwater pipe reconstructed of 580m and sewage pipe of 580m. 2. Road of 3,500M is re-paved for Shuangdi Area, with rainwater pipe reconstructed of 800m and sewage pipe pf 800m. 3. Dongguan Area: diversion of rainwater and sewage is carried out for the drainage pipes in three municipal roads of North Avenue, West Gulou Street and East Gulou Street, and rainwater pipe and sewage pipe are reconstructed. At the same, the road surface is re-paved, and according to relevant specifications, dustbins are set at both sides of the road. The “spider web cables” hanging on both sides of the three municipal roads are disposed to the ground, and it supplements the green plants which are not sufficient, so as to improve the municipal infrastructure environment in Dongguan area and diversion of rain and sewage water is carried out for the pipes in the nine lanes and roads. Sewage pipes of 2,348M and sewage pipes of 1,550m are reconstructed. Total length of the nine lands and roads is 1,548m and 3-5m in width. The road surface is re-paved, totalling 6,930m. Garden lamps are installed, and dustbins are set in order to improve the living environment in Dongguan Area. 4. Luojiazhuang Area: this time, the diversion of rainwater and sewage

15 Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

is carried out for the drainage pipes in the area, including reconstruction of rainwater pipe of 590m and sewage pipe of 600m. At the same time, the road surface of 2,500m is re-paved. Entertainment and leisure square is constructed in the spare lands complying with the conditions, and electric vehicle charging pile and mechanical parking garage are constructed in proper places, so as to improve the living condition of people in Luojiazhuang area.

Hanzhong City (1) Construction of emergency shelter square: reconstruct the shelter Contents for renewal and construction in cities and towns square for Cailun Square, Kaiming Square and Sports Square. According to (1) Renewal of towns and cities in old urban area of Yang County: requirement, relevant facilities, equipment and materials are equipped for renew and reconstruct the historical and cultural blocks centering on the old the emergency shelters and the construction area is 67,280 ㎡. At the same streets of Ming and Qing Dynasties such as West Street, Xiaoxi Street, time, an emergency shelter of 20,000 ㎡ is constructed according class-II Zhongshan Street, East Street, South Street and North Street, with an area standard, which is located at the space between West Bank of Tanghe River of 1.12km2. This area has a total population of around 12,000. The main and Zhuhuan Avenue. The total area is 87,280 ㎡, that can meet the projects include road rehabilitation, reconstruction of water supply pipe 4 Yang County requirements of 32,000 persons for disaster shelter. increase of lighting facilities. Implementation of this project will improve the (2) Emergency excavation corridor: South section of Yuanlin Road, daily living environment of 9,000 persons. Longquan Road, East Section of Heping Road, connection section of South (2) Renew the roads connecting the historical and cultural blocks, Ring Road - Hedi Road are reconstructed and Tanghe Bridge in G108 is mainly including four streets in Ming and Qing Historical and Cultural Blocks rebuilt. Emergency excavation corridor of 4km in length is rebuilt and and three lanes in Northwest area of old urban area; reconstructed, which is applied as the connection road between Wukang (3) Improvement of urban slow-traffic system and public space: Road and Cailun Square as the major shelter square in the west of the city optimize and renew the surfaces of such major roads as Wukang Road,

16 Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

and can meet the requirement of 16,000 persons for disaster shelter. Tangta Road, Wenming Road, Heping Road, Qingnian Road and Zhuhuan (3) Water supply support facilities: Water supply network for old streets Avenue, mainly including sidewalk pavement and increase of anti-skid floor in Yangxian such as West Street, Xiaoxi Street and Zhongshan Street is and bicycle path, with a total reconstruction length of 7.7km, which can meet reconstructed, with a total length of 5.6km, which improves the water supply the requirement of 23,000 persons for slow traffic; condition of around 5,500 persons and water supply guarantee rate. By taking the measures including reconstructing the end pipe diameter of pipe network in part of old city, unifying water supply pipe materials, constructing communicating pipes to form circuit water supply, the water supply safety in old urban area of Yang County is further guaranteed. (4) Flood prevention and emission reduction facilities: improve the rain and sewage diversion system in Chaoyang Road, Longquan Road, Yuanlin Road, etc. in old urban area, construct rain and sewage pipe for South Ring Road, solve the problem of waterlogging in old urban area in rainy seasons and that sewage is directly drained to Hanjiang River, so as to reduce the risks of waterlogging in old urban area, including 12km water drainage pipe. This investment will solve the waterlogging problems affecting 5,700 persons and sewage discharge problems for a total of 47,000 persons in 3.2km² of the old urban area. (5) Provide technical assistance for the resilient city in Yang County and start from two aspects: Study of Yang County on Tackling with Climate Change, Drill of Emergency Commissioning and Mechanism Research for Shelters of Yang County.

17 Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

1. Drainage facilities: mainly reconstruct the drainage pipes in the scope of west of Hanjiang Road, east of North Wuhou Road, south of Jinniu Avenue, North of Jiangbin road, and reconstruct rainwater and sewage pipes of 18.146km, including new sewage pope of 7.959km and new rainwater pipe of 10.187km. Construct Green and leisure slow-traffic transportation system by 2. Repair the road surface, supplement the road lamps, improve green combining the typical natural and human landscape resources in Mian engineering and some transport engineering design, including 16 toad Country. Give priority to pavement of slow-traffic transport road surface as engineering comprehensive reconstruction projects. No change of road 5 Mian County the and improve the design for supporting engineering such as road direction, linear and width is involved. Total length of road rehabilitation and isolation and rest station, reconstruct or increase bicycle path, non-motor reconstruction is 17,170m. vehicle station, service facilities, green and signage, etc. A total of 17 roads 3. Improve two existing shelter squares: Sanguo Culture Square are designed within the urban area of Mian County, totalling 44km in length. (42,000 ㎡), Mianshuiwan Square (62,000 ㎡); Newly construct Huohua Square (5,500 ㎡), and Mayingqiao Square (7,000 ㎡); 4. Reconstruction of emergency excavation channel: newly build and reconstruct excavation escape channel of 800m.

Shangluo City 1. Flood control and drainage project: flood control channels of 4,295m 1. Renewal of old urban area: this project mainly gives priority to are constructed in this project, including reconstruction of flood preventionresilience of cities and towns. At the same time of constructing flood channels in Sigou of 1,650m, that in Xijiaochang of 1,372m, inprevention and drainage engineering, three subordinated old urban areas 6 Shangnan County Longwanmiaogou of 581m. Flood discharge channel of 692m is newlyare also renewed and reconstructed, including Sugou Area, Xijiaochang constructed according to the construction criterion of “Critical in 30 years” inArea and Hupo Area. The renewal mainly focuses on the improvement of Hupo Mountain, which can solve the flood prevention problems of 54integrated functions. By making use of the design concept of “urban

18 Main construction contents No. County/district Construction of resilient city Urban renewal

hectare lands and 17,800 persons. Rainwater pipe of 2,073m at the crossfurniture”, the design of this project is mainly based on service functions: section of Changxin Road and South Wenming Road is constructed, whichpublic leisure and service facilities, transport service facilities, public can solve waterlogging problem of 13.6 hectare lands and 4,488 persons. sanitation service facilities, information service facilities, space enrichmen 2. Construction of shelter square: in this project, four emergency shelterfacilities, infrastructure improvement engineer, which can serve 30,900 squares are newly build with a total area of 11,700m2, which can servepersons. 6,350 person, including two level-III emergency shelters, namely Beihuan 2. Construction of slow-traffic system: based on the overall planning of Community Square of 7,000m2 that can serve 3,500 persons and Hupothe county on slow-traffic system and combining the investigation status, Square of 3,000m2 that can serve 2,000 persons, and two category-IIIthis project is planned to reconstruct the walking paths of two rings roads: shelter squares, namely Dangma Square of 1,000m2 that can serve 500reconstruct the sidewalks of 3,500m in West Binhe Road and East Binhe persons and Donggang Square of 700m2 that can serve 350 persons. TheRoad in old urban areas along the riverside of the county, with a total length major construction includes emergency management facilities, medicalof 7,000m and a width of 1.5m; and walking paths of 1,400m in length and rescue and sanitation and antiepidemic station, emergency fire fiting,3m in width around Tapo. This project can serve 30,600 persons. electricity supply, landscape and art, fitness equipment, pavement, signage, green and sanitation facilities.

19 2.4 Socio-economic profile of project implementation counties and districts

The affected area of the project include Hanbin District, Shiquan County, Ziyang County of Ankang City, Yang County and Mian County of Hanzhong City, and Shangnan County of Shangluo City. The socioeconomic development of the counties and cities is as following. 2.4.1 Socio-economic status and development of Shiquan County in Ankang City

Shiquan County is located in the west of Ankang City in Shaanxi, adjoining Mountains in the North, connecting with Bashan Mountain in the South. The largest tributary of Yangtze River - Hanjiang River crosses the county from west to the east, with a total length of 58.5km and drainage area of 1,051.8km2 in the county, revealing a trend of “one valley between two mountains”. Shiquan County has a total area of 1,525km2, an east-west air-line distance of 42.75km and a north-south air-line distance of 63.05km. Shiquan County, subordinated to Ankang City in Shaanxi Province, is a Provincial Health County, Garden City and the largest county of sericulture in Western China. Reputed as “Origin of Silk Road, Home of Gold Silkworm”, it is also an important water source reserve in south-to-north water diversion and an important power energy base in Western China. In 2017, it realized an annual regional GDP of CNY 71,429.6 billion, with a year-on-year growth of 12.5%, the growth exceeded 1.5% of the scheduled tasks. In 2016, per capita disposal income of all residents completed CNY 14,704 in the whole year, with a growth of 9.5%, ranking first in the city. In which, per capita disposal income of urban residents in the whole years was CNY 25,854 , with a growth of 8.2%, ranking the middle in the city; per capita disposal income of rural residents in the whole years was CNY 8,753 , with a growth of 9.3%, ranking the first in the city. Shiquan County subordinates 11 towns, including 193 village committees, 18 neighbour communities, and Chengguan Town subordinates 8 neighbour communities. In 2016, the

20 permanent population was 172,916, with an urbanization rate of 41.7%. 2.4.2 Socio-economic status and development of Ziyang County in Ankang City

Ziyang County is located in the south of Shaanxi Province, upper and middle reach of Hanjiang River, northern slope of Daba Mountain, adjacent Ankang City in the east and Wan City of Province in the south, adjoining Ba County in Hanzhong City in the west and of Ankang City in the North. The whole county has a total cultivated area of 502,100mu (including basic farmland of 290,000mu), forestry land of 786,000mu, barren mountain of 1.908 million mu. Ziyang is of unique biological, mineral, water conservancy, alkali, tourism and human resources. Xiangyang - Railway goes through the whole county, operation mileages of Hanjiang River and Renhe River reach 120km. The county people’s government is 51.6km away from Ankang Airport. The whole county subordinates 175 administrative villages in 22 communities of 17 towns including Chengguan, Gaoping, Xiangyang, Gaoqiao, Donghe, Hongchun, Shuangqiao, Shuang’an, Gaotan, Maoba, Dongmu, Huangu, Hanwang, Wamiao, Maliu, Huishui and Jieling, with a population of 350,000 including agricultural population of 309,000, and a total land area of 2,204km2. In 2017, annual regional GDP was CNY 9.077 billion, grown by 11%; total investment in fixed assets was CNY 10.285 billion, grown by 21.3%; general public budget revenue was CNY 120 million , with a growth of 14.3% with the same caliber; social consumable total retail sales was CNY 2.6 billion , grown by 15%; and income of urban and rural residents reached CNY 27,527 and CNY 9,638 respectively, grown by 8.1% and 9.7%. 2.4.3 Socio-economic status and development ofHanbin District in Ankang City

Hanbin District is located in the southeast of Shaanxi Province, adjacent to Xunyang County in the wast, Ziyang County and Hanyin County in the west, Zhen’an County of Shangluo City and of Ankang City in the

21 North, and in the South. It is in the north-south transition area of China, the core of Ankang City. The whole district has an area of 3,646km2, and the planned area for the central city is 160km2 and the completed area is 39.5km2. It subordinates 25 towns and four subdistricts with 395 villages and 100 villager committees, with a total population of 1.02 million, being a district with the most population in the whole province. Hanbin District is located in the geometric center of -Chongqing, Jianghan and economic zones, being an important transport hub connecting northwest, southwest and Central China. Three railways of Yangping-Ankang, Xiangyang - Chongqing and Xi’an - Ankang and five national and provincial hioghways including G316, S210 and S207 go through the county; - Maoming, - Tianshui, - Baise, Macheng - Ankang, Ankang - Laifeng Expressways intersect and connect with each other in the surrounding urban area. Ankang Airport will realize the first flight in 2018. in 2017, the GDP was CNY 25.22 billion , grown by 10.5%, completed total financial revenue was CNY 2.273 billion , with a year-on-year growth of 0.9%; completed general budget revenue of CNY 539 million , with a year-on-year growth of 10.9%; per capital disposal incomes of urban and rural residents reached CNY 26,389 and CNY 8,506 , increasing by 8.5% and 8.4% respectively. The proportion of three industrial structures was 9.4:43.6:47, proportion of added value of non-public economy in GDP is 50.9%. 2.4.4 Socio-economic status and development of Yang County in Hanzhong City

Yang County is located in the east rim of in the south of Shaanxi. It relies on Qinling Mountains in the north, takes Bashan Mountain in the South as the barrier. It is named as “Yangzhou” in ancient times and reputed as “Home of Crested Ibis” now. Yang County connects with Foping and Shiquan County in the east, borders on in the South, is next to in the west and adjoins Liuba County and in the North. The east-west width is around 56km and north-south

22 length is about 76km. Hanjiang River goes through the county from west to east, and Xi’an - Hanzhong Expressway, G108 and Yangping-Ankang Railway go through the county. Area of the county is 3,206km2, with a total population of 445,000. It subordinates 15 towns, three subdistricts with 271 administrative villages and 14 communities. In 2017, the annual regional GDP was CNY 10.6529 billion, increasing by 8%; GDP per capital was CNY 27,557 ; per capita disposal incomes of residents was CNY 15,686, increasing by 9.1%. in which, per capital disposal income of permanent urban residents was CNY 25,366, increasing by 8.5%, and that of permanent rural residents was CNY 8,882, increasing by 8.8%. In recent years, Yang County insists on the principle of “steadying with grain, expand the economy, market orientation, efficiency and optimization”. it sets foot on current position and takes a long-term perspective to actively adapt to the new normal of economic development, adjust industrial structure, and vigorously develop the industries oriented by vegetables, fruit, medicine and pig. In 2017, the gross output value of agriculture reached CNY 4.363 billion, including the output value of the industries dominated by vegetables, fruit, medicine and pig of CNY 3.017 billion , accounting for 69.15%. Yang County is located at the climate line between north and south China, neither too cold in winter nor too hot in Summer. It is the only county with two national natural reserves of Crested Ibis and Changqing. It is renowned as one of the best ecological areas at the same latitude in the world. Yang County is also the only artificial breeding origin and the major field habitat of Crested Iblis in the world. 2.4.5 Socio-economic status and development of Mian County in Hanzhong City

Mian County is located in the west end of Hanzhong Basin, relying on Qinling Mountains in the North and depending on Bashan Mountain in the South, is in the communications center of Shaanxi and . It has a north-south length of 140km and a total area of 2,406km2. It connects with

23 of Hanzhong City in the east, borders on Nanzheng County in the south, adjoins and in the west and links Liuba County, Feng County and Liangdang County of Gansu Province in the north. The entire county subordinates one subdistricts, 17 towns with 243 villages (communities), has a total area of 2,406km2 and a population of 429,000. Xi’an - Hanzhong Expressway, Shiyan - Tianshui Expressway, Yangping - Ankang Expressway and G108 go through the whole county, that it only takes 30 minutes to Hanzhong and over three hours to Xi’an by car. In 2017, per capita disposal income of all residents in the county was CNY 16,189 , increasing by 9.3%; in which, the per capita disposal income of permanent urban residents was CNY 25,662 , increasing by 8.6%, and that of permanent rural residents was CNY 8,910 , increasing by 8.8%.The completed GDP of the county was CNY 10.116 billion , grown by 2%. Annual per capita GDP was CNY 25,808. Among regional GDP, proportions of primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry were 21.9%, 37.6% and 40.5% respectively. Compared to that in 2016, proportion of primary industry increases by 2.5%, that of secondary industry reduces by 16.3% and that of tertiary industry increases by 6.8%. Mian County is a historical city, a cultural relics county and a famous tourism attraction of Three Kingdom in Shaanxi Province. The cultural landscape centering on the historical culture of Three Kingdom and the charming natural landscape add the radiance and beauty to each other, with abundant tourism resources. Hence, it is the first batch of “Strong Tourism County of Shaanxi Province” rewarded in Shaanxi. 2.4.6 Socio-economic status and development of Shangnan County in Shangluo City

Shangnan County, located in the southeast of Shaanxi Province, is subordinated to Shangluo City. It is in the southeast of Shangluo City and the southern foot of eastern Qinling Mountains, belonging to Hanjiang River System of Yantze River Basin. It is in the middle area of Dajiang River. Shangnan relies on Mangling Mountain in the north and adjoins

24 in Province, takes Daliang Mountain in as the barrier and is next to Yun County and Yunxi County in Province. It connects with Xixia County of Henan Province in the east terminus, ends at Jijiawan in the west, and adjoins Leijiadong in . The whole county subordinates 10 towns (subdistricts) with 101 administrative villages and 23 communities. It has a total area of 2,307km2. In 2017, the annual regional GDP was CNY 8.754 billion, increasing by 9.4%, revealing a growth trend. The registered population was 247,900, including 135,900 urban population. In 2017, according to the calculation from the survey of incomes and expenses of urban residents, the annual per capita disposal income of all residents was CNY 15,032, increasing by 9.7%, in which, per capita disposal income of urban residents was CNY 27,330, increasing by 8.4%, and that of rural residents was CNY 9,200, increasing by 9.3%. Per capital consumption expenditure was CNY 21,433, increased CNY 842, with an increase rate of 4.2%。

2.5 The situation of minorities

Within the project affected area, there are a few Hui people living together in Hanbin District of Ankang City. The other 5 project areas have no ethnic families living together，there are a few minorities scattered living here. Hui Family in Hanbin District mostly concentrate in Dongguan Subdistrict, by the end of 2017, the registered population was 27,500. In the mid , there were already Hui families settled here, but most of them immigrated here at the end of the Qing Dynasty and the early Public period, which has been over 100 years. According to project investigation, there is no land acquisition and house demolition in the project construction of Hanbin District. In Shiquan County and Yang County where involve small quantity of land acquisition and house demolition, no minority families are involved. Therefore, the implementation of the project will not have negative impact on the production and living facilities of the minorities in the project implementation area. When the project is completed and the local infrastructure conditions are improved,

25 both the ability of regional disaster reduction & prevention and residents’ ability in disaster resilience are enhanced significantly. Therefore, the project construction has created favorable information and infrastructure basis for the development of local economy, the improvement of production and living condition of local public including the minorities as well as the operation of other industries, thus playing an active promotion role in better helping them getting rid of poverty and reducing the impact of disasters. In other word, like other population groups, the minorities along the line are all the beneficiaries of the project. So, the muslins along the project area will benefit from the project as the other population groups. The survey shows that the Hui people in the affected area moved here for some historical reasons. Now, they mainly engage in business with a small capital, the life and production seldom depend on land. Although their religion and some eating habits also show some features of their own, on the whole, in the long course of living with and Han, there is no large difference between Hui and Han in language, culture and living habit. According to the World Bank OP4.10 Indigenous People, it can be seen that the indigenous people of Hui in this area do not belong to the World Bank definition, so the project does not need a plan and policy in the national minority specially.

Figure 2 Discussion with religious people

26 2.6 Condition of Sample Survey

According to the feasibility study report, the social assessement samples are totally 22 communities/villages/communities. Investigation samples cover all direct impact communities of the project in 8 subdistricts (towns) of 6 counties and districts. The basic information of 8 project affected towns (subdistricts) and 22 communities/villages/communities is in the table 2.

27 Table 2 Profile of Social Evaluation Sample Proposed Project Main features of social Total construction Administrative division and Community Relationship with the county/ and economic Transport area site of the population involved project district development (㎞ 2) sub-project Located in the core urban area of Ankan City, south of Hanjiang Capacity expansion for River, there are 2,149 Gulou original site of Labadong households and 7,369 Community Drainage Pumping Station residents (all are urban population). Per capita It has nine communities with disposal income in 2017 16,800 households and 39,995 was CNY 32,000. Laocheng residents. Disposal income of 2.5 Subdistrict urban residents in 2017 was Located in the core CNY 33,108. urban area of Ankan Road surface City, south of Hanjiang G316, S210, S207 reconstruction, Dongguan River, there are 1,519 go through the Hanbin underground rain and Community households and 4,952 county. It connects District of sewage drainage pipe residents (all are urban with Xi’an through Ankang City network reconstruction population). Per capita Xi’an - Ankang disposal income in 2017 Expressway. was CNY 29,800. Located in the south of the river of Ankang City, Road surface there are 4,970 It has nine administrative reconstruction, Jiaochang households and 17,877 villages and 18 communities with underground pipe network Community residents (all are urban Xincheng 63,898 households and 288,000 reconstruction, greening, population). Per capita 39.94 Subdistrict residents. Disposal income of safety facilities engineering urban residents in 2017 was disposal income in 2017 CNY 31,425. was CNY 31,000. Shuangdi Road surface Located in the south Community reconstruction, of the river of Ankang

28 Proposed Project Main features of social Total construction Administrative division and Community Relationship with the county/ and economic Transport area site of the population involved project district development (㎞ 2) sub-project underground pipe network City, there are 1,680 reconstruction, greening, households and 8,878 safety facilities engineering residents. Per capita disposal income in 2017 was CNY 34,000. Located in the south Road surface of the river of Ankang reconstruction, City, there are 3,956 Jingning underground pipe network households and 12,000 Community reconstruction, greening, residents. Per capita safety facilities engineering disposal income in 2017 was CNY 26,000. Beijie Renewal and Located in the Yangping -Ankang Community reconstruction of back northwest of Shiquan Railway and Shiyan streets, renewal of water County, there are 781 - Tianshui supply pipe network, flood households and 2,300 Expressway run Urban area of the county has 12 prevention and emission residents. Per capita through the county 54 communities and 22 reduction facilities disposal incomes in in an east-west administrative villages with 2017 was CNY 34,600 . direction. S210 and 29,836 households and 77,492 Laocheng Renewal and Located in the northwest S316 intersect in the residents, including 24,637 urban Community reconstruction of back of Beijie Community in Shiquan Chengguan county. population and 52,819 rural streets, renewal of water Shiquan County, there County Subdistrict population. Disposal income of supply pipe network, flood are 752 households and urban residents in 2017 was prevention and emission 2,292 residents. Per CNY 31,825, that of rural reduction facilities capita disposal income residents was 8,961. Per capital in 2017 was CNY cultivated land was 1.0mu. 30,500. Xinqiao Renewal and Located in the south Community reconstruction of back Section of Beijie streets, shelter square and Community in Shiquan landslide control County, there are 798

29 Proposed Project Main features of social Total construction Administrative division and Community Relationship with the county/ and economic Transport area site of the population involved project district development (㎞ 2) sub-project households and 2,397 residents. Per capita disposal income in 2017 was CNY 36,650. Dongchengmen Road surface Located in the urban Community reconstruction, sewage center of Ziyang County, pipe network reconstruction there are 2,035 households and 5,706 residents (all are urban population). Per capita disposal income in 2017 was CNY 25,474. Chengguan Town is the core Huixianqiao Road surface Located in the urban area of urban Ziyang County. It Community reconstruction, sewage center of Ziyang County, has 4 communities and 13 pipe network reconstruction there are 3,077 villager committees with 17,917 engineering households and 8,925 households and 44,971 Xi’an - Ankang residents (all are urban Ziyang residents, including 22,669 urban Expressway, G541 Chengguan population). Per capita 120 County population and 22,302 and S310 run Town disposal income in 2017 ruralpopulation. Net per capita through the county. was CNY 28,300. income of rural residents in 2017 Huanchenglu Road surface Located in the urban was CNY 9,800, and per capital Community reconstruction, sewage center of Ziyang County, cultivated land was 0.9mu. pipe network reconstruction there are 2,820 engineering households and 7,214 residents (all are urban population). Per capita disposal income in 2017 was CNY 27,540. Hedilu New construction of Located in the urban Community emergency shelter square, center of Ziyang County, sewage pipe network there are 1,898

30 Proposed Project Main features of social Total construction Administrative division and Community Relationship with the county/ and economic Transport area site of the population involved project district development (㎞ 2) sub-project reconstruction, households and 4,589 synchronous residents (all are urban implementation of water population). Per capita supply and drainage, disposal income in 2017 lighting, greening was CNY 26,540. engineering Dongfeng Drainage pipe network Located in the south of Community reconstruction, road Heping Road in the Xi’an - Hanzhong surface comprehensive county, there are 5,360 Expressway, Shiyan reconstruction engineering households and 8,643 - Tianshui residents. Per capita Expressway, Xi’an - 4.04 It subordinates 5 communities, disposal income in 2017 Chengdu ten villager committees and 93 was CNY 23,185, and High-speed Rail, villager groups (communities), net per capita income of G108 go through the with 87,176 residents, (including rural residents was CNY whole county. 10,031 rural households with 11,060. Mianyang Mian County 30,686 residents). In 2017, Lianmeng Drainage pipe network There are11,909 Subdistrict Xi’an - Hanzhong disposal income of residents was Community reconstruction, road households and 37,996 Expressway, Shiyan CNY 27,750, net per capital surface comprehensive residents, including - Tianshui incomes of rural residents was reconstruction, road 33,921 urban residents Expressway, Xi’an - CNY 9,160 , per capita cultivated greening and 4,075 rural Chengdu land was 1.1mu. residents. Per capita 4 High-speed Rail, disposal income in 2017 Yangping - Ankang was CNY 22,303, and Railway, G108 go net per capita income of through the whole rural residents was CNY county. 16,810. Located in the urban area of Dongjie Road surface Located in the urban Xi’an - Hanzhong Yangzhou Yang County, it subordinates 14 Community reconstruction, water center of Yang County, Expressway, G108, Yang County 56 Subdistrict administrative villages and nine supply and drainage pipe there are 3,671 Yangping - Ankang communities, including 23,646 network reconstruction households and 7,970 Railway, Xi’an -

31 Proposed Project Main features of social Total construction Administrative division and Community Relationship with the county/ and economic Transport area site of the population involved project district development (㎞ 2) sub-project households with 55,999 engineering, facility residents. Disposal Chengdu residents, (including 23,048 rural renewal income of urban High-speed Rail go residents). In 2017, disposal residents is CNY through the whole income of urban residents was 25,366, and net per county. CNY 27,194, net per capital capita income of rural income of rural residents was residents is CNY CNY 9,273, and per capita 15,064. cultivated land was 1.2mu. Xijie Community Road surface Located in the urban reconstruction, water center of Yang County, supply and drainage pipe there are 2,542 network reconstruction households and 6,123 engineering, facility residents. Disposal renewal income of urban residents is CNY 25,027, and net per capita income of rural residents is CNY 15,019. Nanjie Road surface Located in the urban Community reconstruction, water center of Yang County, supply and drainage pipe there are 4,894 network reconstruction households and 9,379 engineering, facility residents. Disposal renewal income of urban residents is CNY 25,426, and net per capita income of rural residents is CNY 14,905.

32 Proposed Project Main features of social Total construction Administrative division and Community Relationship with the county/ and economic Transport area site of the population involved project district development (㎞ 2) sub-project Beijie Road surface Located in the urban Community reconstruction, water center of Yang County, supply and drainage pipe there are 5,197 network reconstruction households and 11,099 engineering, facility residents. Disposal renewal income of urban residents is CNY 24,235, and net per capita income of rural residents is CNY 14,965. Located in the northwest of the Zhifangjie Water supply and There are 7,917 county, it subordinates 17 Village waterlogging prevention households and 27,392 Xi’an - Hanzhong administrative villages and two pipe reconstruction residents. Net per capita Expressway, G108, communities, including 7,917 engineering, lighting, income of rural residents Yangping - Ankang households with 27,392 greening engineering is CNY 12,543, and per Railway, Xi’an - Zhifang residents, (including 17,467 rural capita cultivated land is Chengdu 127 Subdistrict residents). In 2017, disposal 1.4mu. High-speed Rail income of urban residents was pass through the CNY 25,126, net per capital town. incomes of rural residents was CNY 8,953, and per capita cultivated land was 1.4mu. Located in the urban county, it Nandajie Renew old streets to realize With a total area of As a traffic hub in subordinates 16 villages and 6 Community rain and sewage diversion. 9.6km2, there are 5,860 southeast of Shangnan communities, including 34,228 Renew and newly construct households with 17,005 Shaanxi, G 312, County of Chengguan households with 108,800 lighting facilities, increase residents (all are urban - Xi’an 78 Shangluo Subdistrict residents, (including 36,100 rural natural gas pipe. residents). Disposal Expressway, City residents). In 2017, disposal Reconstruct 690 dry toilets income of residents is - Xi’an income of urban residents was and newly increase 100 CNY 27,788. Railway all intersect CNY 27,330, net per capital refuse collecting stations, here.

33 Proposed Project Main features of social Total construction Administrative division and Community Relationship with the county/ and economic Transport area site of the population involved project district development (㎞ 2) sub-project incomes of rural residents was construct three public CNY 9,200 , per capita cultivated activity spaces land was 0.8 mu.

Renew old streets to There are 4,912 Donggang realize rain and sewage households with 15,285 Community diversion. Renew and residents (all are urban newly construct lighting residents). Disposable facilities, increase natural income of residents is gas pipe. CNY 25,750. Changxinglu Emergency water There are 4,573 Community supply system households with 14,375 reconstruction project: residents (all are urban renew the water pipe of residents). Disposable 3km, improve and income of residents is reconstruct the existing CNY 25,063. 800m3 reservoir in Hupo Water Plant; renew the ductile iron water pipe of 4.2km.

34 According to 2017 statistic data for the development of Shaanxi Provincial national economy, in 2017, the per capita disposable incomes of all urban residents in Shaanxi was CNY 28,440, and per capital incomes of rural residents was CNY 9,396. Compared with the per capita disposable incomes of national urban residents of CNY 33,616 and the per capita incomes of rural residents of CNY 12,363, it is regarded that the economic development level of Shaanxi Province is lower than average development level of China. Economic development of the 22 project implementation communities and villages is mostly lower than the per capita disposable incomes of CNY 28,440 of rural residents in Shaanxi Province. The villages and communities below contributed a per capita incomes of rural residents of CNY 9,396, including Jingning Community of Hanbin District, four communities in Ziyang County, two communities in Mian County, four communities (villages) of Yang County, Qiangzhoulu Community of and three communities in Shangnan County, a total of 13 communities (villages). Per capita disposable incomes of urban residents in other 7 communities is above CNY 28,440, and per capita income in one administrative village is higher than CNY 9,396, at a higher economic development level in Shaanxi Province. The areas where project construction is planned to be implemented all have the characteristics: (1) All areas are located in the urban planning areas of the counties with certain population and industrial scale. (2) Disrepair of Road, water supply and drainage or serious waterlogging and other impact factors are highly related to the township development planning, construction plan is highly correlated to the implementation principle of the project, project implementation units have high enthusiasm, and the masses show urgent need in improving living environment and municipal construction; (3) There is certain industrial foundation, superior location and traffic condition, as well as greater development potential, population absorption ability and radiation drive capacity; (4) All areas are easily affected by natural disasters, and they have weak regional disaster prevention and resistance conditions and low disaster resilience. The frequent occurrence of disasters hinders the development of economy and society and the further improvement of people’s life in these areas. For example, the ten projects lower than the medium development standard all reveal the characteristics of lagged development speed in recent years due to the slow urban renewal or the frequent occurrence of disasters.

35 The above data is the summary of the sample sites. During the survey, we get the information of socioeconomic life as follows： （1）Annual income per capita has no direct correlation with land per capita。 Among the several communities with higher per capita incomes in 22 investigation sample communities (villages), per capita cultivated land of the communities which Chengguan Subdistrict of Shiquan County subordinates is 1mu, that of Zhifang Subdistrict of Yang County is 1.3mu. There almost aren’t cultivated land in Laocheng Subdistrict and Beicheng Subdistrict of Hanbin District, and the per capita incomes both exceed the provincial average. According to the survey, they are located along provincial highway and county highway, the transportation is easy compared to other villages, they have attracted some investment. So, the villagers at these villages can do migrant work or other work, and the income is higher, but the land is reduced and not easy to distribute. （2）Poor infrastructure and restriction to the economy： Among the 22 investigation communities (villages), Changxinglu Community of Chengguan Subdistrict in Shangnan County has the lowest per capita income, and the disposable income of urban residents is CNY 25,063. As the survey shows, mainly because the living environment in such areas is poor, the traffic condition is bad, the infrastructure is lagging, information is blocking, and the specific agriculture does not develop well. However, these towns have a prosperous past, and there were big enterprises and projects, because of some reasons, the project will be cancelled, adjusted, which affected the socioeconomic development. （ 3 ） The main income at the survey sample is not from agriculture, but the third industry or migrant work. According to the survey, the labor force goes out for migrant work and engage in the third industry, which is very common in the villages/communities and accounts for 80%~90% of the total income. See Table 3 for the Migrant Workers and Third Industry Practitioners in Some Survey Spots.

36 Table 3 Status of Migrant Workers and Third Industry Practitioners in Some Survey Spots Populatio Proportion of Populatio Village n of migrant Population of Proportion in Populatio n od labor No. (Communit migrant workers in third industry labor n (person) force y) workers total labor practitioners force % (person) (person) force % 1 Gulou in Hanbin 7,369 3,080 220 7.14 2,585 84 District 2 Dongguan 4,952 2,580 160 6.2 2,014 78.1 in Hanbin 3 Jingning in 12,000 4,300 1,200 27.9 2,792 65 Hanbin 4 Shuangdi in 8,887 5,000 50 1 4,472 89.4 Hanbin 5 Jiaochang 17,877 7,800 800 10.2 6,011 77.1 in Hanbin 6 South Avenue of 17,005 10,549 1,690 16.0 7,096 67.3 Shangnan County Donggang of 7 15,285 9,100 811 8.9 7,810 85.8 Shangnan 8 Changxing Road of 14,375 8,620 3,267 38 3,794 44 Shangnan Total 97,750 51,029 8,198 16.06 36,574 71.67 Note: migrant workers refer to the labor workers outside the county. The above data shows that: (1) Residents engaging in migrant work and third industry has been an important source of economic income. Migrant workers and third industry practitioners account for around 87.8% in total population of labor force. (2) Migrant work and engaging in third industry are the effective ways to improve living standard, and can help earning higher economic benefit than farming. According to survey, income from migrant work and third industry has accounted for 90% of the incomes of total population. (3) Urban areas have more job opportunity. The migrant workers in the project areas most follow the principle of proximity, work locally or in the province. Because the local economic development in Erdaohe Community is relative backward, there is less work opportunities and this county is adjacent to Sichuan, a great number of people work outside, and those working in Sichuan account a huge proportion.

37 (4) One important factor that influence the selection of work place of the masses is the market demand for labor. According to survey, more than half migrant workers are willing to work close to their homes. But because the slow economic development in local place, rare employment position and low salary, they only have to select the big cities and coastal cities. (5)Gender label brings about women less opportunity and inequality treatment in employment, equal pay for equal work, political participation, discourse power of life than men. In the project implementation area, it neither emphasizes on the enpowerment for women, but more stresses on form. For example, for the same road cleaning post in Shangnan County, women get a service charge of CNY 1,400 / month, but men get CNY 1,800 / month. Generally speaking, the result of field investigation shows that Industrial development in the project area is still at a lower level, and the production technology is relatively backward. Agricultural plantation can only solve the subsistence problem, but can’t make the masses richer. Most masses depend on migrant work and engaging in third industry to maintain and improve living condition, and their lives and economic sources also no longer rely on the output value of land. Therefore, improving the living environment, investment environment and infrastructure condition of project implementation area, enhancing regional disaster resilience thus boosting the overall level of local economic and social development, getting rid of poverty and other social development status, advancing productivity, increasing job opportunity have been set as the starting point and target of the project implementation and construction.

2.7 Profile of sewage treatment factory which is connected with the project At present, there are 6 sewage treatment plants connected to the project and 1 sewage pumping station, which have been all put into production operation, and there is no land or other unsolved troubles. See table 4.

Table 4 Profile of sewage treatment factory which is related to the project Contents of the Sewage Land Processi Leftover N engineering Date of treatment Address area ng problem o. connected to the completion factory (mu) capacity s project Sewage Sewage pipe Intersection of Three Put into improvement construction national road S108 20KW 1 operation in July 1.82 No pump station engineering in South and leading route of sewage 2014 in Nanhuan Yuanlin Road, expressway in the improvem

38 Contents of the Sewage Land Processi Leftover N engineering Date of treatment Address area ng problem o. connected to the completion factory (mu) capacity s project Road Qingnian Lane, North west of urban area ent pump Avenue, Wenchang Yang County Yang County Lane, etc. Riverside of Ninghe Put into Sewage River in the wast of 20,000 2 operation in 67.11 No Treatment Urban area of Yang tons/day December 2012 Factory County Sewage pipe Ziyang construction Outside of tunnel County engineering in Zifu Put into exit in the east of 8,000 3 Sewage Road, Qiaogou Road, operation in 11.8 No Chengguan Town in tons/day Treatment the section from December 2012 Ziyang County Factory Hanjiang Bridge to Caihong Bridge Road reconstruction Phase I project engineering in South was completed Jiangnan Jingning Road and and put into County Tiyu Road, etc.; living Team No.3 of operation in Sewage environment Hanwei Village in 45,000 4 October 2002, 50 No Treatment improvement Guanmiao Town of tons/day and Phase II Factory in engineering in Hanbin District project was Ankang City Jingning Community, completed in Shuangdi Area, March 2008 Dongguan Area, etc. Phase I project was completed Sewage pipe and put into Shiquan construction Entrance of Weizi operation in County engineering in Buzi Gully in Xinqiao October 2012, 20,000 5 Sewage Road, Daqiao Road, Village, Chengguan and Phase II 40.38 No tons/day Treatment Xiangyang Road, Town of Shiquan project was Factory Binjiang Avenue, County completed and Xianghe Road, etc. put into operation in October 2017 Completed and Shangnan Sewage pipe Sanjiaochi in put into County construction Chengguan construction on 20,000 6 Sewage engineering in West 35 No Subdistrict of October 14, tons/day Treatment Jiaochanggou, Sigou, Shangnan City 2011, and Factory Beihuan Road, etc. upgraded and

39 Contents of the Sewage Land Processi Leftover N engineering Date of treatment Address area ng problem o. connected to the completion factory (mu) capacity s project reconstructed in 2016 Sewage pipe Jiangbei construction Completed and Team NO.6, Jiuzhou Sewage engineering in North put into Village, Mianyang 25,500 7 Treatment Wuhou Road, North construction on 54.5 No Town, Xianxian tons/day Factory in Jiefang Road, North November 20, County Mian County Xinxing Road, South 2010 Jiaqi Road, etc.

2.8 Survey on sensitive points of the project 2.8.1 Sensitive points of the project According to the survey, the sensitive points of the project are schools, cultural and religious sites. The affected problems are noise and transport. After the survey, the sesnsitive points of the project are as follows.

Table 5 Data of sensitive points Project site Protection site Relation with the project note Ziyang Secondary 1m away from Zifu School road Pavement Ziyang County 1m away from Zifu reconstruction，and Ankang Ziyang transformation of Chenguan Hospital road City County 1m away from rainwater and reconstruction of sewage drainage Mosque Drainage network pipeline area Transformation of water supply and Yang 1m away from Middle Yangzhou South Street School drainage network， County South Street and refurbishment of the road reconstruct water Hanzho Mian County Hospital Mian 5m away from Middle supply and drainage ng City Urban area of Traditional Chinese County Heping Road pipe network, improve Medicine the road Chengguan No.1 2m away from the Shiquan Old urban Primary School of reconstruction road of County area Improve the road Shiquan County old urban area

40 Table 6 Cultural and religious sites in the project area Protec Relation Project site tion introduction with note site project 0.5m Ziya Che Dated in 1990, it covers an area of 600m2, with four Anka away ng nggu permanent residents. It is mainly a worship place of Place of ng Mosq from the Cou an Muslim. There are usually ten worship persons in each religious City ue slow-tra nty Tow common day, and twenty to thirty people on weekends activity ffic n in the church. footpath

Figure 3 Sensitive Spots Under the Impact of the Project 2.8.2 Measures to reduce affect to the sensitive points 1) Before construction, all the preparation should be done. For example, the situation of roads, power, telecommunication should be known, plans of relocation should be confirmed with relevant departments in advance, emergency preparation should be done. The project should ensure the normal social life. 2) To reduce the affect to local people’s life. If the construction site is near residential site, high-noise machines should not run at night. Vehicles should be driven at low speed on the village roads to reduce affect to the residents caused by vehicles’ noise and dust. During the design stage, current road should be chosen first in order not to build new road and to occupy land. When transporting material, tarpaulins should be covered to

41 avoid falling. The soil from construction should be carried away in time. During the construction stage, the construction passage should be arranged. For the 2 schools along the project, safe passage should be reserved to ensure the school buses safety, or the construction may done during summer holiday to ensure children safety. 3) Measures to reduce affect to local traffic: During the construction, the transportation passage should be far away from residential site, avoid overlaping or crossing with the main road, and use the shortest way. The project should manage its vehicles, stop or reduce transportation in rush hour, and set up traffic signs near the villages. Before construction, roads for project transport should be strengthened, or new road should be built and connected with old roads. If the local roads are damaged badly, the project should repair or pay the compensation to the local road administration. If the project widens and reinforces the current roads as temporary transport road, the project should reduce transport during rush time, and after the construction, the roads should be repaired and returned to the local. 4) The bulletin board in the construction site should show the contents and time of the construction, contact person, complaint hotline, and sorry to the residents for the inconvienece as well. 5) The height and direction of night-lights should be considered not to affect residents’ rest during night. 6) During the construction, large construction machinery should not used, digging carefully, controlling construction range, setting construction enclosure, constructing section by section, and avoiding the important activity time of the local people. 7) The bulletin board in the construction site should show the contents and time of the construction, say sorry to the residents for the inconvenience, and constructing sign and leading sign. 8) During the construction, the staff should pay attention to safety, let the local residents enjoy the temple fair, build a safe passage for visitors to the Tai Tower and to the mosque to pray. The staff should set the corresponding lighting facilities, set up barriers, or speed up the progress of the construction near the mosque, cultural relics, densely populated areas, for the purpose that the construction does not affect local people’s outing and traffic. 9) Cultural relics are human creation or human activity remains with the value of the non-removable remains of the history, so effective protection is necessary. The

42 management staff and the construction personnel should be trained to protect the cultural relics 10) Mosque is a site for religious activities and a kind of material cultural resource. When constructing near the mosque, we should respect local people’s culture. 11) During the construction, the land near the cultural relics and places of religious activities should not be occupied temporarily, and if it’s done, after the construction, some measures such as restoring the afforestation must be employed to minimize the affect.

43 3 Procedure and analysis of social assessment

3.1 Analysis of stakeholder

According to the field survey, the stakeholders of the project are： A. The group associated with production, processing and trade. The construction of this project will bring positive influence to local production and processing enterprises, such as crop production, livestock breeding and processing, fruit and vegetable planting and processing. B. Staff of logistics and transport. The completion of the project will greatly improve the traffic situation and provide better road conditions for logistics, transportation industry, improve the transport capacity, and reduce transportation costs. C. The residents in the project area. This project will help improve the living and production conditions in the project area, improve the investment environment, promote regional economic development, and increase people's income. D. The farmers in the project area. The construction of this project will provide more job opportunities for local farmers, more conducive to the development and utilization of local building materials, promote the development of related industries, and increase employment opportunities and labor income. E. Women in the project area. Implementation of the project will enhance the disaster prevention and reduction ability of local people, improve living environment, so women will benefit more than men from it. More men work outside because of migrant work, but women only do housework, farmwork at home or carry out simple labor work. Therefore, women are the direct affected persons in the change of local social environment. They will have more chance to feel the impact of the project both at time and space. F. Affected persons of the land acquisition and house demolition. The project construction in Shiquan County, Haibin District, Ziyang County, Yang County and Shangnan will occupy certain farmland and forest land, and involve less demolition of ground attachment. Such land acquisition and house demolition will cause temporary inconvenience for the production and living of the households under the impact of the land acquisition and house demolition.Because of the design of this project for the traffic conditions and ancillary facilities and the improvement of environmental sanitation facilities, land expropriation mainly distribute in linear and sporadic punctate, expropriation of land is not in the form of large areas, and the construction of the local towns has made some

44 progress, the project area has less concentrated scale cultivation land.So the project exerts relatively less impact on the masses of land acquisition and house demolition. After the completion of the project, the occupied land can be restored, so it would have very little influence for their life and income. The demolition of the project is little too, and the relocation compensation will be paid in full amount and in time, which will not affect the living environment and living conditions. The construction of this project can not only improve the living conditions of local people, but also be conducive to the local agricultural production, transportation and sales, and promote the local poverty alleviation work. And by taking the necessary measures, the project can reduce or avoid the negative effects of project construction on individual farmers. G. The poor population. Project construction is conducive to improving the infrastructure condition of this area, thus benefiting the local public both in production and living. Especially for the poor and vulnerable groups, the project has a positive, direct, and obvious impact on them. According to the survey, the project implementation will affect 22 communities/villages, with a total population of 224,803 people of 88,496 households, of which 2,084 households are poor, accounting for 2.4%. The specific data and analysis of poverty population are at section 5. The causes for being poor are the absence of labor force, low skill level of production and life, inability to meet the social demand for labor, and lack of social competence. Therefore, compared with other families, These families have more urgent need in improving living environment, getting job opportunity in a near place and improving the disaster prevention and resistance ability. The implementation of this project will greatly perfect the local living condition, make traffic more convenient, and conducive to attract foreign investment and the tourists, then increase local employment opportunities. In addition, after the completion of the project, with the fast flow of information, the project also can broaden the vision of local farmers, and change their backward ideas. So the construction of the project will greatly promote the development of local economy, and help the region's self development, and relieve poverty as soon as possible. In conclusion, after the completion of the project, the project will greatly improve the situation of rural infrastructure construction level. In addition to the positive impact, the project construction will improve the transport capacity and security, improve the masses to go out, greatly reduce travel costs and production, goods transportation costs, and save travel time and transportation time. The project will also enhance the contact between the

45 project area and the outside world, contribute to the local surplus labor for migrant work, broaden sources of income, increase labor income, and raise the standard of living. The implementation of environmental health project will improve the environmental quality, reduce the production and living pollution, and improve the health of the people.

3.2 Survey along the project sites

3.2.1 Ziyang County of Ankang City 1）Overall description to project construction

Project implementation areas in Ziyang County include Dongchengmen Community, Huixianqiao Community, Huanchenglu Community and Hedilu Community, including 9,830 directly affected households with 26,434 persons. Construction in the sub-project of Ziyang includes: a. Emergency shelter place for the community. Newly construct four temporary emergency shelter spaces of community level, with an area of 24,840m2 in total. Construct the supporting emergency excavation channels, disaster avoidance facilities, greening and lighting, etc. b. Reconstruction of emergency excavation channel system. Restore some emergency excavation channels in the urban area, optimize and reconstruct fracture road, improve rain and sewage discharge pipe network, increase signs and service facilities, greening and signs, so as to ensure the connectivity with the geological hazard sites, emergency shelter square and footpath system of mountain city, thus ensuring the smoothness of escape route and solving the direct discharge of flood in rainy season and some sewage into Hanjiang River meanwhile. A total of 4,620m emergency excavation channels have been built and reconstructed, 8,498.8m of discharge system for excavation channel has been constructed and reconstructed, including sewage pipe network of 4,161.2m, rain pipe network of 2,645.5m. Drainage ditch of 764.11m has been reconstructed. c. Footpath comprehensive reconstruction for the mountain city. Comprehensively reconstruct the footpath system of the old mountain city, increase signs ans supporting safety and lighting facilities, connect through the congested points, solve the connection between footpath of mountain city and main excavation channel, to ensure the connectivity

46 of emergency channel. A total of 3,388m footpath system for the mountain city has been built and reconstructed. d. Construction of county-level disaster prevention and resistance comprehensive information platform. 2) Impact of land acquisition and relocation Implementations scope of Ziyang Project is located in the west side of Hedi Road which is implemented in 2017 in Ziyang and the scope of reconstruction project of shanty town from Dongchengmen to Shiliangzi. The project covers an area of 46.87mu in total, which are all state-owned land. Ziyang Land and Resources Bureau has issued a covering letter that the project implementation scope belongs to state-owned land (see Fig.6).

Table 7 Data Table for Impact of Land Acquistion and Relocation in Ziyang Project Populati In Affect Affected on under which, Land ed populati the state-o Acq village on of the Floor impact wned uisiti Land s/ Demolished Building demoliti Project area of LA land on type comm building (㎡) type on (mu) (persons relocat area unities (persons / ion (mu) (numb /househ househo (mu) er) old) ld) Road reconstructio n from Hanjiang 22.5 22.5 Bridge to Caihong Bridge Ximenhe Shelter 19.5 19.5 Square Shiliangzi Shelter 0.7 0.7 Square Shelter Square in 1.17 1.17 Beipo Area

Total of above 43.87 43.87 items

Mountainous Brick-concr pathway and 1,339.09 3 3 ete 92/20 Dongchengm en Square 265.61 Civil

Total 46.87 46.87 1,604 92/120 Note: All of this project are constructed on the state-owned land within the scope of the urban area. Ziyang Land and Resources Bureau has issued a covering letter that the project implementation scope belongs to state-owned land (see Fig.6). Because the early construction for the shanty town reconstruction, In road reconstruction of Ximenhe Shelter Square, Shiliangzi Shelter Square and from Hanjiang

47 Bridge to Caihong Bridge, the 102 demolition households original living in the project implementation area have finished their relocation at the end of 2017. Due to the implementation of higher compensation standard, the relocation is smooth. Currently, the relocation households have all finished the transition by means of house leasing or seeking help for relatives and friends. It is estimated that they can move in the new houses before June of 2019. Beipo Square involves a relocation area of 1,548.49m2, and 15 households of employees of agricultural bureau, who have all signed the relocation agreement. All they select the method of replacing house resettlement. The relocation site is just located in the resettlement building (phase II) of the agricultural bureau, which is 100 away from original site. It is estimated that the relocation would be finished by March 2019. We have completed the negotiation with twenty affected households within the implementation scope in Mountainous pathway and Dongchengmen Square projects and the relocation has not been finished, which will be done by March 2019. The resettlement and compensation in this project will be included in the activity contents of the project. Social evaluation personnel of this project visited the employees of agricultural bureau and 20 demolition household who are under the impact of relocation in October 2018. Ren Banghui of the relocation household involves the relocation of 60m2 house of civil structure, which has poor disaster prevention ability and has been taken into the consideration of relocation originally. On the occasion of relocation in this project and the compensation standard is relatively high. If adopting currency compensation, the project office will give a compensation of CNY 110,000 according to compensation standard of CNY 1,800/m2. together with the compensation for house purchase and decoration, she can get more than CNY 200,000, which is enough to rebuild a new brick-concrete house of the same area. If selecting house replacement settlement, they can get a brick-concrete house of the same area in the settlement building which is to be completed. According to know, Ziyang has built four settlement communities and 15 settlement buildings in Ximenhe and along Hanjiang Bridge. Now, the projects in Phase I and Phase II have been completed and the project of Phase III will be delivered for use by the end of the year. It is planned that project of phase IV can be totally completed for relocation by the end of 2019. Ren Banghui was satisfied with the both settlement plans, but didn’t make the determination. She may make the determination by the end of November. The remaining 19 relocation households and employees of agricultural bureau all expressed that they supported the project and believed that the improvement of living environment is the greatest benefit of the project. They hope

48 that the project can be implemented as soon as possible that the relocation household can get the befit as earlier as much. See “Resettlement Plan” for detailed information of land acquisition and relocation.

Figure 4 Social evaluation personnel are visiting Dongchengmen Community

Figure 5 The demolished site in the road reconstruction project from Hanjiang Bridge o

Caihong Bridge in Ziyang

49 Figure 6 Statement of Ziyang County Land and Resources Bureau for Land Use

3) Specific process of investigation From January to October 2018, social evaluation unit successively went yo Ziyang project implementation area to make five systematic systematic social evaluation investigations and fully communicated with the interest correlation groups. When urban construction investment company of Ziyang County holding the panel discussion, the social evaluation team first learned the overall operation status of the project, collected the documents on the existing compensation policy of land acquisition and demolition in the county and the documents related to current standard of poverty county and compensation policy. Reconstruction of roads from Hanjiang Bridge to Caihong Bridge involves road surface reconstruction and renewal of underground pipes. The project of dyke road involves road

50 surface reconstruction and underground pipe network renewal. The dyke road, 9m in width, starts from Ziyang Harbor in the east and ends at Hanjiang Bridge in the west, with a length of 1,000m. The slow-traffic system reconstruction for the old city mainly involves the reconstruction of small lanes and streets, all of which are the black brick roads on the upper and lower slopes; Zifu Road is the most primary and most prosperous section in Urban Area of Ziyang County, which involves road surface reconstruction and pipe network renewal. Social assessment unit randomly interviewed the female taxi drivers, merchants bosses, resident households near the road. All of them agreed with the project construction contents and considered it is favorable. All road renewal mainly refers to the construction based on original roads, and the perfection of greening and lighting facilities.Road renewal and construction don’t involve land acquisition and house demolition. Therefore, the residents are generally supportive, but hope that, the project party can ensure the construction safety and try to reduce the impact on their living and travel. Ziyang County People’s Government sets a reconstruction limit of one to two years for the comprehensive reconstruction of streets in old urban areas, and hopes to construct Ziyang County around Hanjiang River Basin into an ecological green city centering on tourism.

Figure 7 Settlement Building of Ziyang County People’s Government for Public Welfare (Phase III) Investigation team, together with project management part, investigated the sites of Shelter square in Beipo area, Shiliangzi Shelter Square, Ximenhe Shelter Square and Dongchengmen Square, and the constructed road sections for rainwater and sewage engineering.

51 Zifu Road mainly involves underground pipe network reconstruction and road surface renewal and reconstruction. Along this road, there is one hospital (People’s Hospital of Ziyang County), one school (Ziyang Middle School). The investigation team and project management party carried out field investigation and small discussion in People’s Hospital of Ziyang County and Ziyang Middle School. It is learned that, the hospital occupies an area of 9.75mu, with 110 employees. There are generally 900 patients each day, and sometimes even 1,200 patients at the peak time. Director Wang of the Hospital Office believed that the road and pipe network reconstruction is favorable for beautifying the county, and shall be supported. He suggested that the construction shall be conducted by sections and it must ensure the smoothness of the operational channel for 120 Emergency and Ambulance. The hospital is adjacent to Zifu Road, and the emergency department is in the front with small space. Hence, he expected that the raise dust and noise can be reduced to the minimum in construction period. Monday is the busiest day of outpatient visits, hence, construction by stages are considerable. Ziyang Middle School occupies an area of more than 300mu, with 282 teachers and over 5,000 students in 68 classes. Resident students are more than 3,000. Li Bo, Director of the School Office believed the road reconstruction can benefit the nation and the people, so he was supportive to the construction of the government, but stressed to emphasize on safety. He also expressed that, during the reconstruction period, there may be traffic jam at the times to and from school, the government shall coordinate with he traffic police and urban management department to direct the traffic, and during the examination, noise shall be reduced.

52 Figure 8 People’s Hospital of Ziyang County After the road investigation, the investigation team interviewed the Community Director Chen Jun in Hedilu Community. Chen Jun believed that the project is benefit for the people and all masses are supportive; in recent years, there were fewer waterlogging, but there may be ponding after rain in some sections, and occasionally, there would also be debris flow because the hill rock is loose, hence, the houses of the local residents usually face the danger of landslide. In this case, it is very necessary to reconstruct the rain and sewage diversion pipes. Afterwards, Chengguan Town summoned the interested groups of the residents and some females to hold a small discussion in the meeting room of Huixianqiao Community. Actually, 20 persons attended the meeting, including 17 urban residents, one project implementation personnel and two project management personnel. Among these residents, 11 are female and six are male. All of them are supportive to repairing the road, but generally reflected the problems of water drainage on the street. Drainage difficulty is a big problem closely related to the living of villagers. There wasn’t a mature plan in the previous road construction, water drainage facilities in the lanes are antiquated, and drainage on the street is quite slow. Every time when there is a heavy snow, the drainage is poor, and the sewer is full of water which even outflows, causing huge inconvenience to the residents’ travel and children’s going to and from school. Drainage in Huxian Road also isn’t smooth, the road surface previously had been renovated but drainage pipe hadn’t been

53 changed timely. Therefore, the lane was flooded when it rained heavily, without smooth drainage. Water can only filters downwards. All people universally hope the road can be repaired and water can be drained.

Figure 9 Discussion meeting held by the investigation team in the meeting room of Huixianqiao Community, Chenguan Town And also the problem of traffic jam. The owners of shops along the street said that there is a heavy traffic jam during the traffic peak hours for works, and few of traffic signs, people can only walk between lanes and main streets, and there is no street lamp in lanes, which is so dark that is not safe at all. It is expected that the government will solve all the problems inconvenient for life which has been troubled the neighbourhood for years through this rebuilding work of road and water drainage.

54 Figure 10 Survey Situation in Ziyang County

55 Table 8 Construction Contents for Ziyang

Project Construction Contents

I. Resilient city

Four new emergency shelter squares were built with a total of 24,840 m2, including Beipo emergency shelter square of

1. Emergency shelter 780 m2, Dongchengmen sqaure of 2,000 m2, Shiliangzi emergency shelter square of 460 m2 and Ximen River emergency

square shelter square of 21,600 m2. The supporting construction contains emergency evacuation channels, supporting facilities for

disaster prevention and avoidance, greening and brightening, etc.

Rehabilitate some emergency excavation channels in urban area, optimize and reconstruct the fracture surface of road,

improve rainwater and sewage drainage pipelines, increase the signs and service facilities, greening and signs to ensure the

connectivity of the geological hazard spots, emergency shelter square and the mountain trails, in order to ensure a smooth

2. Reconstruction of escape route and to solve the problem that the flood in rainy season and the sewage in the urban area are directly drained emergency excavation into Hanjiang River. In the project, it totally constructs and reconstructs the emergency excavation channel of 4,620m and

channel system the supporting water drainage system of 8,498.8m for excavation channels, including sewage pipe network of 4,161.2m,

branch sewage pipe of 1,061.7m, and 143 sewage inspection wells; rainwater pipe network of 2,645.5m, 93 rainwater

inspection wells, rainwater connection pipe of 928m, and 116 rainwater outlets; reconstructed flood discharge trench of

764.11m.

56 Project Construction Contents

The platform integrates disaster group monitoring and prevention, emergency watch, monitoring and early warning, 3. Comprehensive emergency disposal, project management, migration and relocation, risk assessment and other information, and has the Information Platform functions of data monitoring and acquisition, data transmission and processing, analysis for forecast and early warning, Construction for Disaster comprehensive business management, remote consultation, assisting decision-making, simulation, and information release, Prevention and Mitigation etc.

II. Urban renewal

The mountain trail system in Laocheng community was comprehensively renovated, where signs and supporting safety The comprehensive and lighting facilities are added, blocking points are opened, the connection between the mountain trail and the main reconstruction of evacuation channels is solved, and the connectivity of emergency passage is ensured. In the project, the mountain trail mountain trail system system with a total of 3,388 m is renovated and constructed, of which 2,935 m is renovated and 453 m is constructed.

Conduct the research on flood risk early warning and publicity information system in Ziyang County and the research on

III. Technical measures to cope with climate change in Ziyang County, assess the vulnerability of geological disasters in Ziyang County,

assistance and make an disaster emergency reponse plans for emergency shelters and an emergency plan for mountain trails and

evacuation routes in Laocheng community.

57 4）Public attitude survey 126 questionnaires were distributed in Ziyang County by the assessment team. The questionnaire sorts the demands of economic society development of the local, and consults the relevant questions about is there a possibility the project will promote the development of local economic society, increase the opportunity of jobs, and improve the quality of life etc. The below is the questionnaire information and basic analysis. 65.07% of respondents view the current local economy as good or relatively good; 39.36% view it as just so-so; 2.38% view it as relatively bad. 67.46% of respondents think that the restriction of local economy mainly comes from laggard infrastructure such as roads and then 50% from natural resources, 36.5% from power supplies and 51.6% from others. Infrastructure is the main reason. 84.9% of respondents believe that the project will promote local economy. 95.23% of respondents support the project and have no objection. 96.03% respondents know the basic information of the project. 92.06% respondents think the construction of the project will improve the life condition of the local residents 91.31% of respondents think that the project will improve local environment. 60.31% respondents are not satisfied with current life environment. 61.5% respondents think the problems should be solved in priority should be traffic, and then the urban water logging for the purpose of improving living environment. 80.15% of respondents think that the project will create jobs for local people. 92.85% of respondents are in favor of the supporting social policies of the project. 3.96% support but have reservations. No person objects to the project Table 7.

58 Table 9 Summary of Public Survey Results of the Project in Ziyang

Questions Survey Results

(1) There are 126 people in total (2) Ratio of job nature: 36.5% of civil servants, 0% of farmers, 8.73% of self-employed households, 8.73% of doctors, 19.84% of workers, 7.93% of unemployed, (3) Basic Information Ratio of gender: 59.52% of male, 40.47% of female, (4) Population affected by project affected persons: %, non-affected persons: %, about Respondents (5) Ratio of the poverty population: poverty people: is 2.38%, non-poverty people: 97.61% (6) 10) Male-dominated families occupy a proportion of 80.2%; while female-dominated, 4.8%; and negotiation families, 15%. What do you think of the current economic (1) Great (2) Good (3) Ordinary (4) Poor 21.42% 43.65% 39.36% 2.38% condition? What’s the major problem of economic (1) Power supply (2) Traffic and other infrastructure (3) Natural development resource (4)Others (5) Have no idea currently? (Multiple 36.5% 67.46% 50% 51.6% 0% choices) Will this project promote local (1) Yes (2) No (3) Ordinary (4) Have no idea economic 84.9% 1.5% 7.93% 3.96% development?

Do you support this (1) Yes (2) No (3) Indifferent project? 95.23% 0% 1.5%

Do you know the basic information about this (1) Yes (2) A little (3) No 52.38% 43.65% 3.96% project? Through what kind of (1) Media (2) Announcement (3) Publicity (4) Street way that you know gossip about this project? 32.53% 9.52% 30.15% 19.04% After this project put into operation, local (1)be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) decrease people’s living 37.3% 54.76% 3.96% 0% standards will After this project put (1)be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) into operation, local decrease environment will 11.11% 80.2% 0% 0 %

59 Questions Survey Results

Are you satisfied with (1) Yes (2) No current living 19.84% 60.31% environment?

A. Poor condition of road, traffic jam B. Impeded drainage, waterlogging C. Insufficient supply of water D. Inconvenient for In terms of perfecting shopping E. Insufficient public facilities F. Less greenbelt, poor living environment, environment quality G. Frequent disaster, inadequate facilities for please rank the disaster prevention and deduction following questions. 1. A 61.5 % 2. G 55.7% 3. B 42 % 4. C 36 .1% 5. D 30.4% 6. E 28.8 % 7. F 22 % After this project put (1) be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) decrease into operation, local 19.84% 60.31% 15.87% 0% employment rate will You___ the (1) be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change supporting social (4) decrease policies of this project. 92.85% 0% 3.96% 0%

3.2.2 Shiquan County of Ankang City The project implementation region of Shiquan County is the Beijie Community, Laocheng Community and Xinqiao Community of Chengguan Subdistrict, with the influenced households of 2331 and 6989 people. In Shiquan County, the investigation team convened a discussion meeting with the County project office and the masses along the line attended, and took a “Community trip” around the near neighbourhood and project implementation regions including the main streets covered in the project like Binjian Avenue of South Street, Beihuan Road, Xiangyang Road, and Beichen Avoiding- Disaster Square in the east of the city, take pictures for drainage, extruded road, surrounding buildings, waterlogging points etc., and also observed the distribution situation of the surrounding shops and facilities in the street. The investigation result is described as follow:

1）Project overview The following three goals are planned to be achieved through the implementation of the Shiquan project: 1. Improve the public spaces and living environment of Shiquan County. The fundamental starting point of the implementation of the project is to

60 improve the public spaces and living environment, which is also the highest priority for the renaissance of old city group. Focusing on the renewal of deteriorating communities, upgrade of urban slow road and public space, it is needed to open more road space and public space to improve the urban human scale. 2. Improve the toughness of urban disaster prevention Start from the perspectives including construction of urban disaster prevention and reduction aisles and sites, improvement of the safety of urban living environment (construction of pipe networks and upgrade of pumping station in key regions), and landslide control, improve the urban anti-disaster ability, increase the safety index of urban resident’s living, meanwhile, improve the environmental carrying capacity, completely solve the problems of domestic sewage pollution and waterlogging in some areas, resolve the environmental security risks of sewage discharge into Hanjiang River. 3. Guide the forward-looking scientific urban planning and construction management. Through the construction of urban planning and management research ability, we describe the prospect that Shiquan County dealing with climate change, disaster prevention and reduction, construction of transportation, and the development of economy and tourism, formulate a guidebook for urban planning and construction management based on the above mentioned development prospect. Through boosting the urban renewal to guide counties improving the efficiency for land use, strengthen the development vigor of Shiquan County, and make it play and important link role for the development in coordination in Hanjiang River towns zone.

61 Table 10 Selection Scheme for the specific project of Shiquan County

Name of project Contents Note

Urban renewal

Made a comprehensive renewal for total

9 streets and lanes (Total length of 1242m)

covered in Laojie Community, the main

Renewal items of Laojie content of the project includes water supply

Community pipes, rainwater and sewage discharge

pipes, renewal of road surface, supporting

fire-fighting equipment and public facilities

of the community.

1. 900m of new-built Binjiang

hydrophilic trail, 2. Comprehensive renewal

of hydrophilic trail for total 3.5km, including

increasing safety protection settings,

reconstruction of greening scene and

brightening facilities, increasing settings of

rest and fitness facilities, and artwork

facilities, 3. Comprehensive renewal of Upgrade of the urban Xiangyang Road for total length of 3km, slow road including greening, brightening, traffic

signal facilities, increasing settings of rest

facilities, and repairing the damaged road

surface of sidewalk. 4. Sidewalk

reconstruction project for slow-traffic

system of Roads in Dongmenling and No.1

Team of Erli Community, with a length of

770m.

Upgrade of public space

62 Name of project Contents Note

Including Honghua Square and the

Square of Relocation and Development

Bureau with a total area of 3500 m2, the

Reconstruction and main project content includes the upgrade of existing reconstruction of existing road surface, squares and spaces increasing settings of rest and fitness

facilities and environmental facilities,

increasing settings of greening and

brightening facilities.

Increase the construction of four block

level small squares, including old

neighbourhood like Zhongxue Lane, Tao

Community, original filature factory

community and Jinjiang Mansion Increasing construction of Community with a total area of 4200 m2, the block level small square main content include field engineering and

pavement, drainage configuration,

sanitation, greening and brightening, as

well as recreation and body-building

facilities

Resilient city

Flood control and

drainage

Renewal of water supply Total length of 1683m new-built and pipe networks reconstructed water supply pipe networks

63 Name of project Contents Note

1. Make a upgrade and reconstruction The sewage on Honghuagou Pump Station, transform pipe of the original pump station into a special Binjiang pump station for drainage, the design flow Avenue is is 4.5m3/s, design head is 12.46m, adopted the meanwhile, a new pump station is built for peak pipe sewage discharge, and the design flow is technology Waterlogging prevention 0.21m3/s, the design head is 19.9m and the project and water environment 2. Divide the existing combined of Honghua treatment drainage conduits/ditches of Binjiang Avenue road Avenue, Xiangyang Road (West of Yingbin surface is Road, including Daqiao Road and Zhenzhu implemented Road) and the total 10 urban roads along by the line into rainwater pipe and sewage Improvement pipe, and implement the road project, in Project of which, the sewage pipe is 6290m and the Settlements rainwater pipe is 4587m.

Emergency shelter

1. Increase Chengdong Square, with a

total area of 12,000 ㎡.

2. Construct the evacuation route from Emergency shelter and Zhenzhu Square to Binjiang Avenue, aisles L=50m; the evacuation route from

Chunchao Square to North Ring Road,

L=60m.

The treatment on the two landslide

Landslide control points: Wenchang Road landslide and

Zaojiaoshu landslide

64 Name of project Contents Note

City planning and the

construction of

capability for

management and

research

Based on the existing platform for flood

control command, integrating the basic

information of such department in horizon

as county level water conservancy,

environmental protection, urban

construction, land resource, transportation

and civil administration and summarizing Construction of county them in time to improve the whole county’s region collaboration collaborative management ability for the platform early warning and evacuation, transport

dispatching, and water environment

protection in natural disaster especially the

flood disaster, and also act jointly with

relevant platform of municipal level to

ensure the foundation of drainage basin

synergy.

Based on the urban planning, make a

special research on urban renewal of

Shiquan County, establish the urban Planning researches for renewal system of whole county and its city renewal operation mechanism and method, which

provides the basis for the urban renewal

management of Shiquan County.

65 Name of project Contents Note

According to the situation of the recent

years’ adjustment on industry structure of Industry structure and Shiquan County, to research the demands local area research on for the distribution of urban space and urban space provide the basis for the urban planning of

Shiquan County.

Research on the Explore the important link supporting role of

supporting role of Shiquan County on climate change,

Hanjiang River Town disaster prevention and reduction,

Cluster Development in transportation, and economy and tourism in

Coordination the Hanjiang River Town Region

The related research on big data and town

Sustainable development development of Shiquan, to explore the research on intelligent related path for coordinating urban and

Shiquan rural areas as a whole with informatization

and sustainable development.

Evaluate scientifically and rationally the

County’s ability for disaster defense,

Early warning for natural establish emergency data information disaster and research on platform and formulate the pre-arranged emergency disaster planning for emergency system, increase prevention exercises for disaster prevention and

reduction and improve the emergency

reaction capacity

Technical support and training Project management and communication, project monitoring and ability improvement evaluation

66 2) Investigation on the social assessment of the project: According to the identification on site, the Shiquan project is added for four deteriorating communities with a total area of 4200m2, including Zhongxue Lane, Taoyaun deteriorating communities, original filature factory deteriorating community and Jinjiang Mansion deteriorating community, the main content are field engineering and pavement, drainage configuration, sanitation, greening and brightening, as well as recreation and body-building facilities. Make a reconstruction and upgrade for the existing square spaces, including Honghua Square and the Square of Relocation and Development Bureau with a total area of 3500 m2, the content of the main project are the reconstruction of existing road surface, increasing settings of recreation and body-building facilities and sanitation facilities, as well as greening and brightening facilities. Construct emergency shelters and aisles, increase Chengdong Square with and area of 12000m2. Construct the evacuation route from Zhenzhu Square to Binjiang Avenue, L=50m; the evacuation route from Chunchao Square to North Ring Road, L=60m. And make a treatment on the two landslide points: Wenchang Road Landslide and Zaojiaoshu Landslide The Dongmenling Square for disaster prevention and risk avoiding inside the county is located in the south of east section of Xiangyang Road, the north of Binjiang Avenue, the west of south part of Honghua Avenue, the east of County Stadium, which is the collective construction land of Erli Community. Social assessment team had a discussion meeting with the masses at Xinqiao Community. Wang Nengjin, a resident of the community expressed that it is very necessary to build shelters because Shiquan is a prone area of geological disaster and there is not a shelter at the east of the county. Although it does not always happen, but once it happened, it will cause a greater loss on life and property of the public, and the square shelter, could be used for people’s recreation and exercising in peacetime, which is really in favor of improving living environment and the quality of life. Besides, the land planned to be occupied are not arable land, make the best use of these lands is also the

67 requirement of land management. Chengdong emergency shelter square covers an area of 18 mu, including state-owned land of 13.4 mu and Xinqiao Village collectively-owned land of 4.6 mu; it needs to acquire the collective forest land in Xinqiao Village. At present, all land use procedures are in progress, and it is planned to complete all land use procedures by the end of March 2019.

Table 11 Data table for impact of land acquisition and relocation in Shiquan County Popu Affecte lation d unde Affected popula Land r the Area of In which, villages / tion of acquisi impa Demoli Build Project Floor state-own Land commun the tion ct of shed ing name area ed land type ities demoli area(m LA buidin type （mu） (mu) ( PCs ) tion u) (pers gs (m2) (perso on/ho n/hous useh ehold) old) Chengdong Home 13.4 1.7 Brick- emergency 18 stead 2171.9 (Dajian 1 14/2 concr 14/2 shelter Spare 6 Company) 2.9 ete square land Comprehen sive reconstructi 137.26 on project of 10 urban roads Landslide control of 0.9 Zaojiaoshu Landslide Brick- spot of 1.65 404 concr 8/3 Wenchang ete Road 2575.9 Total 22/5 157.81 13.4 4.6 1 14/2 6 Note: For the state-owned land in the urban area involving the project’s construction, Shiquan Land and Resources Bureau issued a letter stating that the implementation scope of project is in state-owned land type.

68 Figure 11 Interview with the residents of Erli Community Three housing demolitions are involved in the Wenchang Road landslide treatment in Shiquan County, which is about 404m2. The County Project Office has made an initial communication with the affected relocation households, who also proposed their own demands, the project office will keep in touch with the affected relocation households, and make efforts to earn the their understanding and supporting on the project implementation. ②Reconstruction of deteriorating neighborhood: The reconstructions are all implemented on existing roads, and the land is state-owned. Therefor, there’s not new land acquisition demolition impact.

69 Figure 12 Investigation on site in Shiquan County

The investigation team had a face to face interview with the operators of the shops along the two sides of Xiangyang Road, and got know their opinions and expectation on the project. Mr. Liu who runs the condiment business said, the streets of Shiquan are built very early, the road surfaces are not flat, especially the sewage discharge are not expedite. Now it must be a good thing to reconstruct the roads, he confessed that it will influence his business, but will last for short. He also advised that it’s better to consider an aisle for their tricycle as they reconstructing, so they can carry cargo conveniently. A taxi driver expressed that the street should have been repaired for a long time, although the road closure and reconstruction will influence his business somehow, but he still hopes the road could be reconstructed earlier. Wang Mingxia, the owner of cigarette and wine shop expressed that, the sewage discharge of the road is too bad, they will have a headache when it rains, the reconstruction will influence them little but it will be better when it’s done. In general, the separation measure of rain and sewage water on the road and the road reconstruction will bring about more positive influence on the shops and residents around this place.

70 At the site of Dongmen Lane, Editoral investigation team got know that there is kindergarten built at the end of the lane. The investigation team had special interview with the principal and the class teacher. In their opinion, the location of the kindergarten is innermost, and there is no blowdown pipe in this lane. The only self-use toilet inside the kindergarten is generally for the children and teachers of the kindergarten, but because all residents lived in the lane do not have even one toilet, so they often come over for toilet, and this is a great potential safety hazard for the management of kindergarten. Children are too small to protect themselves, so the security issue is of great importance. Thus, they expressed their worries and demands.

Figure 13 Investigation on site of Dongmen Lane Kindergarte

71 Figure 14 Investigation in Shiquan County

3) Investigation on public attitude: The investigation team distributes 603 questionnaires on public attitude in Shiquan County, which consults relevant questions on whether the project will promote the development of local economic society, increase job opportunities, improve living quality etc. 91.8% respondents think the situation of local economic development is great or good, 0.78% think it oridinary, and 0.03% of “Bad” 87.56% respondents think the main reason to restrict local economic development is the condition of infrastructure such as traffic, and others following behind are 35.37% of natural resource and 27.2% of “others” respectively. The condition of infrastructure like traffic is considered as the first factor restricting local social and economic development. 86% respondents think the construction of the project is in favor of boosting local economic development. 95% respondents support the construction of the project without any counterview. 93.2% respondents know the general information about the project.

72 95.3% respondents think the construction of the project will improve the condition of local residents’ domesticity 96.9% respondents think the local environmental quality will improve after the project is put into operation. 57.87% respondents are not satisfied with current living environment. 52.6% respondents think the problems of impeded drainage and waterlogging should be given the top priority for the purpose of improving living environment, and 47.7% of traffic is the next. 96.2% respondents the construction of the project will improve the local employment rate. 93.7% respondents support the supporting social policy for the construction of the project, 2.49% support with qualified opinion, 1.66% have objection opinion (See Table 12).

Table 12 Statistical table of public survey result in Shiquan County

Survey Content Survey Result

(1) There are 603 people in total (2) Ratio of work nature: 4.64% of civil servants, 6.5% of farmers, 10.6% of self-employed households,, 0.66% of doctors, 28% of workers, 49.9% unemployed, (3) Proportion of gender: 56% of male, 44% of Basic Information female, (4) Proportion of affected persons in the project: affected about Respondents persons: %, non-affected persons: %, (5) Ratio of poverty population: 5.3% of poverty people, 94.7% of non-poverty people; (6)Male-dominated families occupy a proportion of 76.3%; while female-dominated, 7.5%; and negotiation families, 16.2%. What do you think of (1) Great (2) Good (3) Ordinary (4) Poor the current economic 38.8% 53% 0.78% 0.03% condition? What’s the major (1) Power supply 27.86 % (2) Infrastructures like traffic 59.7% problem of economic (3) Natural resource 35.37% (4) Other s 27.2% (5) Have no idea development 0% currently? (Multiple choice) Will this project promote local (1) Yes (2) No Ordinary (4) Have no idea economic 86% 2.49% 9.45% 1.2% development?

Do you support this (1) Yes (2) No (3) Indifferent project? 95% 1.3% 3.7%

Do you know the basic (1) Yes (2) A little (3) No information about this 44.3% 48.9% 6.8% project?

73 Survey Content Survey Result

Through what kind of (1) Media (2) Announcement (3) Publicity (4) Street way that you know gossip about this project? 27.5% 6.5% 57% 8.9%

After this project put (1) be improved a lot (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) into operation, local get worse people’s living 39.6% 55.7% 4.3% 0.3 % standards will After this project put (1) be improved a lot (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) into operation, local Decrease environment will 38% 58.9% 2.3% 0.83% Are you satisfied with (1) Yes (2) No current living 42.13% 57.87% environment? A. Poor condition of the road, traffic jam, B. Impeded drainage, C. Scant supply of water, D. Inconvenient for shopping, E. Please sort the Insufficient public facilities, F. Scant greenbelt, bad environmental following questions in quality, G. Frequent disasters, insufficient facilities for disaster order to improve living prevention and reduction environment 1. B 52.6 % 2. A 47.7% 3. F 41.2% 4. E 38% 5. G 31.5% 6. D 20.3 % 7. C 11.9 % After this project put (1) be improved a lot (2) improved (3) have little change (4) into operation, local decrease employment rate will 40.8% 55.4% 3.32% 0.5%

You___ the supporting (1) Support (2) object (3) basically support but have qualified social policies of this opinion (4) Have no idea project. 93.7% 1.66% 2.49% 2.1%

3.2.3 Hanbin District in Ankang City

1) Description of the project The implementing regions of Hanbin District project are Gulou Community, Dongguan Community in Laocheng Subdistrict, Jiaochang Community, Shuangdi Community and Ningjing Community in Xincheng Subdistrict. Hanbin District is the urban community which has the maximum population density in Shaanxi Province, in which, it’s 8000 people/km2 in Laocheng Subdistrict, and it reaches to 16000 people/km2 in Xincheng Subdistrict, there are 14274 households, 51076 people are directly affected by Hanbin District project.

74 The main fields invested by Hanbin District project are the water supply engineering, drainage engineering, roads and affiliates of some road section in the territory of Hanbin District, as well as the construction of sewage pipe engineering in Jiangnan urban area. A new recreation square is built, and the municipal infrastructures of Jiangnan urban area are perfect completely. 1. The improvement of drainage pipe networks is carried out in synchronization with the optimization of urban road, it will achieve complete diversion of rain and sewage water after all the reconstruction is done. 2. The roads are reconstructed comprehensively and the road infrastructure is improved. Demolish illegal constrcutions along the road, restore the architectural interface along the road, and optimize the architectural interface along the road reasonably; take slow traffic as the main consideration, optimize the walking space reasonably, integrate all kinds of public ancillary facilities, and reconstruct the cross-section and pavement of roads in the area; improve the supporting road infrastructure, utilize local space along the road to set up green landscape facilities, and arrange street public facilities reasonably, such as seats. Open up the microcirculation of community roads, improve the community infrastructure, connect the roads in the community with the external roads, and improve the travel convenience of residents in the community; bulid a small activity square in spare space of the community to increase the public space for residents' activities; reconstruct drainage facilities and road surface in the community; add the convenience facilities and spiritual and cultural facilities in the community. 3. To make an original location expansion for the existing Labadong drainage pump station. 4. The municipal drainage facilities project of Xiaoxiba. 5. Nanshan Flood Diversion and Drainage Ditch Project. 6. Waterlogging spot control project of Yucai road. 7. The upgrading project of waterlogging monitoring system and the purchase project of drainage maintenance equipment in Jiangnan District. 2) Project significance

75 The construction of water supply and drainage and road reconstruction engineering and trunk sewer engineering in Hanbin District can exert a positive promoting effect to a certain extent for improving the life quality of local residents and people's livelihood. First, the road reconstruction and building can total get through many roads without any dead-end road, make the best use of overall road connection, and make the stream of people and logistics smoother; second, improve directly the condition for local residents’ going out, the original situation of difficulty in going out in every year’s flood season will not happen anymore, and the situation of difficulty for going out will be remitted greatly; third, with the phased implementation of the construction of water supply and drainage engineering and trunk sewer engineering, the life and production water for local residents could be promised effectively, the sewage treatment capacity gets a further reinforce, and the environment and living condition of local residents are improved greatly; focusing on the complete road network structure and improvement of road infrastructure to make a reconstruction of traffic system of Jiangnan urban area, increase safety signs and slow traffic system, create safe travel and green travel, reduce the traffic jam and environment pollution. 3) Impact of Land acquisition and relocation The seven sub-projects in Hanbin district are affected by land requisition and relocation. The Xiba pumping station project covers an area of 15 mu, including the requisitioned Xiba village collectively-owned land of 2 mu; the municipal drainage facilities project in Xiaoxiba district covers an area of 138 mu, including the requisitioned Xiba village collectively-owned land of 51 mu; Nanshan flood diversion and drainage ditch project covers an area of 34 mu, including the requisitioned Xiba village collectively-owned land of 12 mu. The above land requisition has passed the land pre-examination. The construction land procedures are currently in progress, and all land use procedures are planned to be completed by the end of March 2019. The comprehensive reconstruction project on Tiyu road involves the relocation of four households with an area of 1,200 m2; the comprehensive reconstruction project of Jingning Community demolishes public makeshift house of 200 m2 in Jingning Community. At present, the relocation agreement is being negotiated with the affected people, and the preliminary intention has been reached that monetary

76 compensation schemes will be adopted for all. It is planned to sign an agreement before the end of the year and to complete the relocation by March next year.

Table 13 Data table for impact of land acquisition and relocation in Hanbin District project Affecte Affected In d Population populatio Land which, village under the Demol n of Floor acqui Buildi state-o Lnd s / impact of ished demolitio Project area sition ng wned type comm LA buidin n （mu area type land unities (person/ho gs (m2) (person/h ） (mu) (mu) ( PCs ) usehold) ousehold ) Xiba pumpin Cultiv g 15 13 2 ated 1 station land project Municip al drainag e Cultiv facilities 138 87 51 ated 1 project land in Xiaoxiba district Nansha n flood diversio Cultiv n and 34 22 12 ated 1 drainag land e ditch project Compre hensive reconstr Simpl uction e project 7.2 7.2 200 (stora of ge Jingnin room) g Commu nity Compre hensive reconstr Brick uction 12 12 1200 concr 27/4 project ete on Tiyu road Total 206.2 141.2 65 3 1400 27/4

4) Process of interview Accompanied by the relevant officials of Hanbin District Housing Construction Bureau, the social assessment personnel had an on-site visit in

77 turn of Beizheng Street, Nanzheng Street, Jingjing Road, Gulou Community, Jingning Community, Luojiazhuang Community, West Inner Ring Road etc. and made an individual interview centered on the specific section of the project construction. The investigators went to Beizheng Street first, see the physical truth of the road, there are no relocation problems involved, only need to make a reconstruction based on the original road. The investigators also had an on-site interview with the residents lived beside the road, Beizheng Street is a Huimin District and 80% residents lived here are Hui people, Sha Fukang(Hui people), a female respondent expressed that they are family with 8 people, and the living area is 40m2. The buildings here are all dilapidated, she hopes to take this opportunity to get these buildings repaired. She said that Hui people are accommodating and they support the government and the road reconstruction with all their strength. Liu Fengqin, a female boss of a shop said they are supportive for the government’s construction of roads and squares, which could be used as shelters in emergency and in peacetime, they could do exercise and take a relaxation here.

Figure 14 Investigator’s on-the-spot interview

78 Figure 15 Labadong Pump Station The investigation team then went to South Ningjing Road and confirmed the location of the Disaster Shelter, it is located beside No.100, South Ningjing Road, which is under the jurisdiction of Ningjing Community, for now it is an open spaces without any attachments. They had an on-site investigation on Labadong Drainage Pump Station in Gulou Community, which is not involved in land acquisition and house demolition because it will be made an expansion at former address. They also had an interview with Gao Shengxin and Yu Zehui, the residents lived in Luojiazhuang Community, they expressed that it often becomes sewage everywhere when raining, drainage is not smooth, and the difficult traffic, they asked to reconstruct them as soon as possible. After an on-the spot investigation, the investigation team had a small discussion meeting with Liu Xiaoxia, the residential committee director, three people of relevant stakeholders, and two people at the side of project management in Jingning Community. Jingning Community is under the transformation of urban village, which has 8 residential areas and 6 villager teams. There are fixed population of 15000, migrant population of 22000, needy families of 101 households and 195 people under minimum living standard security in the whole community. For the building of disaster shelter and road reconstruction of the project, the community management layer has made a households’ investigation, 90% residents express their support, it can improve the living level of local residents and housing condition after the implementation of the project, and the reconstruction of infrastructure will

79 benefit women, children, elder people, grocery shopping, relaxation and exercise. In every flood season in Ankang, problems like roof water seepage, impeded drainage, waterlogging are always there, the Community often needs to send people to mediate and unchoke on site, now the reconstruction of underground pipe network will solve the problems. Liu Xiaoxia on behalf of the community resident strongly asked the project implementation institution to build a public toilet and a garbage station on Jingning Road, because there is a temporary vegetable market beside the community, commercial tenants come into the community for toilet and always have conflicts with the community residents. There are selections for the location of public toilet, which is far from the house of residents, it is a public place and will not be opposed by the residents.

Figure 16 Investigation team are having a small discussion meeting at Jingning Community

80 Figure 17 Investigation in Hanbin District

81 Table 14 Construction content of Hanbin District Roads Related No Project contents Scale of construction Connection Projects

1. Reconstruction of municipal infrastructure in Jingning The construction contents include South Community, it includes South Jingning Road, Jingning reconstruction of road surface, building and Lane, Jiangnan Lane and Tiyu Lane; 2. Road pavement reconstructing rain water pipeline and Jingning and Construction of rain water and sewer pipeline in sewer pipeline, building a new farmers Road is the Shuangdi area; 3. Road pavement and construction of rain market, life square inside the community, 1 Urban renewal water and sewer pipeline in Dongguan area; 4. road Luojiazhuang area: Rain and sewage diversion for the living service center, greening, refuse drain line in the area will be built, a rain water pipeline with disposal and fitness equipment etc., reconstructi length of 590m and a sewer line with length of 600m will construction of supporting drainage, street on project be reconstructed, and the road surface of 2,500m road will lamp, signboard and other municipal public this time be re paved. facilities.

1. Improve the pumping capacity of Labadong Pump Station from the original 7.2m³/s to 14.7m³/s, expand the catchment area from 3.67 km2 to 5 km2. 2. Reconstruct nine municipal road with the total length of 4,790m, build Yong’an Road, widen, reconstruct and get through the 1. Expansion project of Labadong Pump Station in urban Jinchuan Street extending internally. 3. Build rain area of Ankang. water pipeline on Yucai Road (Section from 2. Project of municipal drainage facility in Xiaoxiba area Daqiao Road to Wenchang Road with a total 3. Regulating project for the area liable to waterlogging on length of 1.2km), keep the existing drain-pipe as Yucai Road sewer line, rainwater pipeline is divided into two 2 Resilient city 4. Canal work for flood leading in Nanshan parts, one is east and the other one is west with a 5. Upgrading and rebuilding project of the monitoring total length of 1164m according to the flowing system for waterlogging in urban area of at south of the direction. 4. When the east and west distributary of river and works for purchasing maintenance equipment for Nanshan flood discharge channel project is done, drainage in urban area at south of the river. reconstruct the original Nashan flood discharge channel into east flood discharge channel with a total length of 3795m, which mainly collect flood from Chenjiagou and Longjiagou, the collecting area is about 4.8 ㎞ ², the flow for drain off floodwater is 19 m³/s.

82 83 5) Investigation on public attitude： In the 218 questionnaires of investigation on public attitude distributed in Hanbin District, there are questions on whether the project will promote the development of local economic society, increase job opportunity, improve the quality of life. 85% respondents think the situation of the development of local economy is very good or good, 10% of them think it is normal, and 0.03% of them marked “bad”. 95% respondents think the key problem to restrict the development of local economy is the condition of infrastructure like traffic. 89% respondents think the construction of the project is in favor of boosting the development of local economy. 99.5% respondents support the construction of the project without any counterview, 0.5% respondents think it doesn’t matter. 57% respondents know the general information of the project. 98.2% respondents think the construction of the project will improve the family life condition for local residents. 98.2% respondents think the local environmental quality will be improve after the project is put into operation. 49.78% respondents are not satisfied with their current living environment. 59.4% respondents think the traffic problem should be given the top priority for improving the living environment. 98.1% respondents think the construction of the project will improve the local employment rate. 97.8% respondents support the social policy matched to the construction of the project, 3.2% of them support with qualified opinion, and no counterview (See Table 15)

Table 15 Statistical table of public survey result of Hanbin District

Survey Content Survey Result

(1) 218 people in total (2) Ratio of work nature: 28% of civil servants, 0.9% of farmers, 3.2% of self-employed households, 0.9% of doctors, Basic Information 31.2% of workers, 28.9% of the unemployed, 14.7% of Hui people, (3) about Respondents Ratio of gender: 58.7% of male, 41.3% of female, (4) Ratio of affected person of the project: affected persons %, non-affected persons %, (5)

84 Survey Content Survey Result

Ratio of the poverty: poverty people: 3.4%, non-poverty people: 96.6%;(6) Male-dominated families occupy a proportion of 68.8%; while female-dominated, 9.2%; and negotiation families, 22%.

What do you think of (1) Great (2) Good (3) Ordinary (4) Poor the current economic condition? 10.1% 78.4% 10% 0.03% What’s the major problem of economic (1) Power supply (2) Infrastructures like traffic (3) Natural resource (4) development Others (5) Have no idea currently? (Multiple 19.7% 95.4% 86.7% 0.4% 1.83% choices) Will this project promote local (1) Yes (2) No (3) Ordinary (4) Have no idea economic 89% 0.01% 0.1% 0% development?

Do you support this (1) Yes (2) No (3) Indifferent project? 99.5% 0% 0.1%

Do you know the (1) Yes (2) A little (3) No basic information about this project? 40% 17% 1.8%

Through what kind of (1) Media (2) Announcement (3) Publicity (4) Street gossip way that you know about this project? 5.5% 0.1% 51.8% 42.2%

After this project put (1)be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) get into operation, local worse people’s living standards will 79.4% 18.8% 1.8% 0%

After this project put (1)be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) into operation, local decrease environment will 79.4% 18.8% 1.3% 0 %

Are you satisfied with (1) Yes (2) No current living environment 50.22% 49.78%

A. Poor road condition, and traffic jam .B. Impeded drainage, waterlogging. C. Insufficient water supply D. Inconvenient shopping E. In terms of perfecting Insufficient public facilities F. Lack of green land, poor environmental living environment, quality G. Frequent occurrence of disasters, insufficient facilities for please rank the following questions. avoiding and reducing disasters. 1. A 59.4% 2. E 33.8% 3. B 32.6% 4. F 22.1% 5. C 19.6% 6. D 16 .4% 7. G 7.3 %

85 Survey Content Survey Result

After this project put (1) be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) into operation, local decrease employment rate will 80.2% 17.9% 1.8% 0%

You___ the (1) support (2) object (3) basically support but have qualified opinion supporting social (4) Have no idea policies of this project. 97.8% 0% 3.2% 0%

3.2.4 Mian County, Hanzhong City I. Description of project The implementation area in Mian County is Dongfeng Community and Alliance Community that are located in Mianyang Subdistrict in Mian County. There are 17269 households in the direct affected area, with the total of 46639 residents. The construction content of this project in Mian County: 1. waterlogging-proofing and emission reduction facility: reconstruct the drainage pipeline network of old urban area in the range from west of Hanjiang Road, to east of North Wuhou Road, from south of Jinniu Avenue to north of north Jiangbin Road. The total length of the new built rainwater and sewer line network is 18.146km, and pavement repairing, street lamp improvement, greening engineering and some design of transportation engineering for some road in old urban area are also implemented as they reconstruct the pipeline network, which includes comprehensive reconstruction project for 16 roads, the direction, linear, width of the road are not changed. The total length of the road reconstructed is 17,170m. 2. Perfecting existing two disaster shelters: Culture of Three Kingdoms Sqaure (42000 ㎡ ) and Mianshuiwan Square (62000 ㎡), build Huohua Square (5500 ㎡), Mayingqiao Square (7000 ㎡). 3. Combined with the typical natural and human landscape resource of Mian County, build green and relaxed slow traffic system. With the main work of road pavement for slow traffic, complete the supporting engineering design for road isolation and rest station etc. Reconstruct or add cycle track, post of non-motor vehicle, service facility, greening and signs etc. There are totally 17 roads with a length of 44km in urban area of Mian County are designed.

86 II. Impact of land acquisition and relocation The construction of Mian subprojects are all not involved in the influence of land acquisition and house demolition, two shelters planned to be built, Huohua Square and Mayingqiao covered the ground area of 20.08mu, which is state owned reserve land for construction, Mianxian Lan and Resources Bureau provided the documentary evidence for the project land. Other lands occupied for implementation of subproject are all reconstruction at former address without new land occupation. Influence of temporary land occupation and compensation for few ground attachment may happen during the construction of facility for waterlogging-proofing and emission reduction, all the affected people have been paid according to evaluated and negotiated price.

Figure 18 Current situation of the new Shelter Square in Mian County

3) Specific process of research To know the general condition and collect the related data, policy documents as required that related with county planning and economic and social development of county, and the documents about current poor county standard and subsidy policy in county, investigation team first communicates with the project manager working for Mian County Housing Construction Bureau. Under the guidance of related workers working for Mian County Housing Construction Bureau, the investigation team took a field investigation for the condition of Hanjiang Road, Wuhou Road, Jiangbin Road, Heping Road,

87 South Jiaxing Road and investigates residents, stores, passing motor drivers and pedestrian along the way. Heping Road, most prosperous road and former Chuan-Shaan highway, is the commercial district in Mian County. Heping Road in this project includes the reconstruction of road surface and drainage pipelines, perfection of street lamp, greening and some traffic engineering designs, with total length of 2250m and width of 30m. Research analysts interview Mrs. Liu, a hostess of fruit store in street, she said that the drainage is poor and there always accumulates water deeply when raining heavily every year. The place that water is deepest is the joint point between Heping Road and Tian Road, and water accumulates twice in one year, the depth of water is about 80 centimeters. Most fruit stands employed by herself are flooded and can’t continued to be operated, causing a lot of financial loss. After beginning the project, government plans a plot of land specially for these affected merchants, that is 50m away from Heping Road. And her fruit stands isn’t affected by water no longer, she is support for repairing road and reconstructing drainage pipelines and thanks government for this measure.

Figure 19 Fruit vendor is interviewed by research analysts Mianxian Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital is located in the connection of Heping Road and South Jiaxing Road. After the implementation of this project, it will affect traffic and ambulance. Mian County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, built in 1980, owns 165 staffs now, and covers an area of 6.8mu,

88 with 500 outpatients every day. The west gate of this hospital can be openned during the construction period in Heping Road, and ambulance can come in and out from the west gate.

Figure 20 Mian County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital After finishing the field investigation about road, investigation team interviews two communities: Dongfeng Community and Lianmeng Community, which are the area affected by facilities for waterlogging prevention and emission reduction and belong to Mianyang Subdistrict. Investigation team interviews with total 9 people, who are come from Mianyang Subdistrict and the two affected communities. Cui Lisheng, branch secretary of Dongfeng Community, introduces Dongfeng Community: there are 5360 households in this community, total of more than 8000 people. Low-income residents are 230 households, and low-income household insured are 15, poverty households are 17. There are 262 households of poverty family in this family. Most poverty households are poor due to disease or disability, lacking of labor force, so they hardly ever go out. The life of local disadvantaged groups is affected directly by the situation of social economical environment. The improvement of local social environment, except for the improvement of living environment, the most important is they may have more chance to get income at the door of their houses, which is also accord with goals of poverty relief for this project. For the specific project plans, he suggests that strong current, weak current, telephone

89 wire, various cable TV lines should be in underground, and it’s better to clean the pipes that cause flooding every year. Chen Haiyan, branch secretary of Lanmeng Community, also makes a brief introduction to this community. It’s widely believed that pipe network reconstruction for waterlogging prevention and emission reduction is a good deed that benefits the nation and people and people’s going out. Streets become clean and tidy, people’s living environment is also improved. They hope to solve waterlogging problems completely through this reconstruction.

Figure 21 Investigation team organize a discussion meeting in Mianyang Subdistrict of Mian County

90 Figure 22 Investigation in Main County

91 Table 16 Construction content of Mian County

Project Contents Scale of construction Roads Connection Related Projects Mainly reconstruct the drainage pipeline network of old urban area in the range from west of Hanjiang Road, to east of North Wuhou Road, from south of Jinniu Avenue New rainwater and Drainage to north of north Jiangbin Road. The total length of the sewer line network facility new built rainwater and sewer line network is 18.146km, (L=18146m) in which, new sewer line network is 7.959km, and new rainwater pipe network is 10.187km, repair the Resilient excavated pavement at the same time. City Complete the two existing shelter squares: Three Three Kingdoms Culture Kingdoms Culture Square and Mianshuiwan Square, Square (42,000 ㎡) build Huohua Square and Mayingqiao Square, Mianshuiwan Square Emergen supporting emergency and disaster-prevention (62,000 ㎡) cy shelter equipment, greening and lighting etc. the project built Huohua Square (5,500 and reconstructed emergency evacuation path for ㎡) 800m for the connection of Mianxian emergency shelter Mayingqiao Square square, and smoothing the escape route. (7,000 ㎡) Combined with the typical natural and human landscape resource of Mian County, build green and relaxed slow traffic system. With the main work of road Urban Slow pavement for slow traffic, complete the supporting Renewal traffic engineering design for road isolation and rest station etc. Reconstruct or add cycle track, post of non-motor vehicle, service facility, greening and signs etc. The total length is 44km.

92 3. Investigation on public attitude: 200 questionnaires for public attitude passed out in Mian County which consult some relevant questions about whether this project will promote social and economic development, increase job opportunities, improve life quality. For the current economic development, 99.5% of respondents think it’s great or good, 0.5% of respondents think it’s ordinary. 99% respondents think that the main problems that restrict the local economic development are traffic and other infrastructure condition. 98.5% respondents think that this project construction is conductive to the local economic development. 99.5% respondents support this project construction, 0.5% of respondents hold adverse opinion. 100% respondents know the basic information of this project. 94.5% respondents think this project construction will improve the living conditions of local residents. 97.5% respondents think that local environment quality will be improved after the project is put into operation. 62.34% respondents aren’t satisfied with current living environment. 42.9% respondents think the problems of poor drainage and waterlogging should be solved first for improving living environment. 95.5% respondents think that this project construction will increase the employment rate for local residents. 99.5% respondents support social policy for this project construction, 0.5% respondents show support but keep qualified opinion, no one holds adverse opinion. (Refer to Table 17)

Table 17 survey results on public attitudes in Mian County

Contents Results

(1) There are 200 people in total (2) Ratio of work nature: civil servant, 7.5%; farmer, 8%; self-employed households, 12.5%; doctors, 1%; workers, 3%; Basic unemployed, 68% (3) Ratio of gender: male:50%, female :50% (4) Ratio of Information affected person of the project:: %; non-affected persons: %. (5) Ratio of about Respondents poverty population: poverty people:1%, non-poverty people: 99% ; (6)Male-dominated families occupy a proportion of 76%; while female-dominated, 8%; and negotiation families, 14%.

93 Contents Results

What do you think of the (1) Great (2) Good (3) Ordinary (4) Poor current economic 86% 13.5% 0.5% 0 % condition? What’s the major problem of economic (1) Electric power supply (2) Traffic and other infrastructure (3) Natural development resources (4) Others (5) Have no idea currently? 0 % 99% 6% 0 % 0% (multiple choices) Will this project promote local (1) Yes (2) No (3) Ordinary (4) Have no idea economic 98.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% development?

Do you support (1) Yes (2) No (3) Indifferent this project? 99.5% 0.5% 0%

Do you know the basic (1) Yes (2) A little (3) No information about this 95% 5% 0% project? Through what kind of way that (1) Media (2) Announcement (3) Publicity (4) Street gossip you know about3.5% 12% 84% 0.5% this project? After this project put into (1) Be improved greatly (2) Be improved (3) Have little change (4) get worse operation, local people’s living 94.5% 5.5% 0% 0 % standards will After this project put into (1) Be improved greatly (2)Be improved (3) Have little change (4) Decrease operation, local environment 97.5% 2.5% 0% 0% will Are you satisfied with (1) Yes (2) No current living 37.66% 62.34% environment A. Road condition is bad, traffic jam B. Poor drainage, waterlogging C. To improve Insufficiency of water supplying D. Shopping inconvenience E. Insufficient your living environment, public facility F. Lack of greenbelt, bad environmental quality G. Frequent please rank the disaster, insufficient facilities for avoiding disaster and reducing disaster following 1. B 42.9 2. D 36.2 3. G 33.4 4. A 27.6 5. C 21.2 questions % % % % % 6. E 19.7% 7. F 10.5%

94 Contents Results

After this project put into (1)Be improved greatly (2)Be improved (3) Have little change (4) Decrease operation, local employment 95.5% 2% 0% 0% rate will You___ the (1) support (2) Object (3) Basically support but have qualified opinion (4) supporting have no idea social policies of this project. 99.5% 0% 0.5% 0%

3.2.5 Shangnan County, Shangluo City

The implementation areas of this project in Shangnan County are Nandajie Community, Donggang Community and Changxing Road Community that are located in Chengguan Subdistrict in Shangnan County. There are 15345 households in direct affected area, with total of 46665 people. I. Implementation contents A. Resilient City Flood control and waterlogging project: (1) The reconstruction of Sigou Flood discharge channel, reconstructed the flood discharge channel with a total length of 1650m on its structure, dismantled the old channel and build a new one with reinforced concrete; (2) Reconstruction of the flood discharge channel in Longwangmiaogou and Xijiaochanggou, the flood discharge channel of Xijiaochanggou has a length of 1372m, and that of Longwangmiaogou has a length of 581m. According to the on-site survey, it is suggested to build a new channel with a length of about 692m along the foot of Hupo Mountain in the south-east part, because collecting area of the old channel in Longwangmiaogou is too limited. (3) Governance of the area liable to waterlogging in Hupo area, targeting at the difficulty of drainage at the cross of South Wenming Road and Changxin Road west to the county river of old urban area, after an analysis on the current situation of terrain of the county and the area liable to waterlogging, combined with the actual condition, the cross area of Changxin Road and South Wenming Road (about 13.6 hectare) is taken as the controlling area for the area liable to waterlogging, a new rainwater pipeline with length of 2,073m was built in this area, the trunk sewer in this area is also completed as the flood discharge channel is reconstructed.

95 A 4,410m trunk sewer is planned to be built in Sigou area, and a 1,225m trunk sewer is planned to be built in Xijiaochanggou area. (4) Emergency square, according to the requirement for the development of resilient city and the general plan of the county, combined with the plot in current situation, the project plans to build four shelter squares, which are located respectively in the four orientation (east, west, south and north) of old urban area with a total ground area of 11,700m2 and service population of 6,350 persons. In which, there are two III class emergency shelters: the Beihuan Community Square with an area of 7,000m2 and service population of 3,500 persons, and the Hupo Square with an area of 3,000m2 and service population of 2,000 persons; two III class community shelter squares: the Dangma Square with an area of 1,000m2 and service population of 500 persons, the Donggang Square with an area of 700m2 and service population of 350 persons. The main construction contents are emergency management facility, medical care and sanitation and antiepidemic station, emergency fire protection, emergency power supply, emergency water supply, featured landscape, fitness facility, road pavement, direction signs, greening and environmental sanitation etc. B. Urban renewal

The three old areas, Sigou area, Xijiaochanggou area and Hupo area are reconstructed during the construction of flood control and waterlogging discharge engineering of the project. (1) Update project for old blocks: The update mainly focuses on the completion of comprehensive function, using the design concept of “urban furniture”, according the usage of service function, the project constructs public leisure service facility, transportation service facility, public health service facility, information service facility, rich space facility and upgrade of infrastructure, serves 30,900 persons in total. (2) Construction of slow traffic system: According to the plan of slow traffic in the general plan of the county, combined with the investigated situation, the project plans to reconstruct walkway based on two small loops selected: The sidewalk of West Binhe Road and East Binhe Road in the old urban city at both sides of the county river with a length of 3,500m is going be reconstructed into slow traffic footpath with length of 7,000m and width of 1.5m;

96 Huantapo footpath with total length of 1,400m and width of 3m, which serves 30,600 persons. II. Impact of land acquisition and relocation Only the subprojects of shelter square of Shangnan County are affected by land acquisition, other projects like engineering of flood control and waterlogging discharge and urban renewal are all implemented at original location, which are not affected by land acquisition and house demolition. Beihuan Road Square which is involved in land acquisition and house demolition occupies and area of 14.38m, in which, 3.13mu is state owned land, 11.25mu is collective land requisition, the collective forest land of Donggang Community. See table for the situation of impact of land acquisition.

Table 18 Data sheet for Impact of LA&R of Shangnan Project Project Floor In Land Land type Affected Populationumde Demolih area which, acquisitio villages/ r the impact of ed a （mu） state n area commun LA building owned （mu） ities （persons/hous （㎡） land ehold） （mu） Beihua Commun Collective forest 14.38 3.13 11.25 Forest land 1 ity land \ Square

Hupo 13.67 13.67 \ Square

Party School 7.50 7.50 \ Square Dangma 2.13 2.13 \ Square

Total 37.68 26.43 11.25 1 \ Note: Hupo Square, Party School Square and Dangma Square are all located at the core area of Shangnan County, which is state owned land in urban area. III. Investigation process and results of the project influence area Investigation team of project editorial in Shangnan County has made five systematic investigation at project immediate area at Shangnan County from March to October, 2018, including project impact investigation and public attitudes investigation, especially learning that the residents at Changxin Road Community have reflected the difficulties of residents in Hupo Lane are violated by flood every year but local drainage facilities is in bad repair to

97 government through various channels more than once since 2014, investigation team takes three field visits for Hupo Lane, and summarizes following opinions after concluding related information: 1）Hupo Lane is located in Changxing Community of original south street village, with about 200m south-north direction and about 3m width. Now, a total of 88 households are living in it, with a total of 406 people, in which, 7 households (16 people) are low income families. Drainage facility constructed several years before has been blocked by the flood, which is caused by rainstorm of Hupo Mountain located in the western side of Lane for a long time. When having rainstorm, there will form one meter of waterlogging, especially liquid dung in digestion tank flows around, causing houses generally flooded at low-lying places. Local people suffer greatly and feel miserable. In recent years, they reflect it to government more than one time, but because of the expenditure, it can’t be put in place. This editorial investigation team notices the related public sentiment on the internet, and connects “online user” representatives that reflect situation several times with staffs working on County Housing Construction Bureau , and holds mass meeting at the home of Wu Zhenchao, who is an online user reflecting the situation (see figure 25). People draft some brief comments (see figure 26), which will be delivered to related organizations by editorial group. They hope to prompte the solution of the problem through this project financed by the WB.

Figure 23 Small discussion meeting of project field in Hupo Lane

98 Figure 24 Photocopy of masses’ opinion at Hupo Lane 2）In other communities of Shangnan County, the respondents generally believe that “project construction is a good thing”. Because the project alternatives mainly construct pipe network of water supply and sewage, road and emergency management facilities, not expand scale, the implementation of this project will bring convenience instead of negetive effect for the lives of surrounding residents. 3）The reconstruction of back street as a content of project construction is regareded as making for the development of local tourism. Tourist amount increases sharply during the national holiday in 2017, “traffic jams comes along with tourists”, and residents obviously feel a lot of pressure on traffic. At the same time, because the local young people go out for work, old people are leaving in most families, many potential safty hazards are caused by fast vehicles. With the futher development of torism products, more and more tourists will come here, some footpaths as the subsidiary traffic of highroads, will exert influence in traffic diversion and easing the traffic pressure, also provide convenience for residents and are benefit for traffic safety.

99 Figure 25 Interviewing with residents in Shangnan County

Figure 26 Interviewing with women in Shangnan Community

100 Figure 27 Investigation in Shangnan County

101 Table 19 Construction content of Shangnan County N Project contents Scale of construction Roads Connection Related Projects o Flood preventi Reconstruct Sigou flood prevention on and channel of 1,650m, Xijiaochanggou flood Length of flood prevention channel is 1 drainag prevention channel of 1,372m, and 42,950m e Longwangmiaogou flood prevention enginee channel of 692m. ring When constructing flood prevention and Renewa drainage engineering, update and The total area of Sigou area, 2 l of old reconstruct 3 areas of old blocks, Xijiaochanggou area and Hupo area is 94 blocks including Sigou area, Xijiaochanggou hectares. area and Hupo area. Two III class emergency shelter squares, including Beihuan Community Square of 7,000m2, and Hupo Square Emerge with an area of 3,000m2. Two ncy category-III emergency squares, shelter including Dangma Square of 1,000m2, Construct 4 new emergency shelter 3 square and Donggang Square of 700m2. The squares with a total area of 11,700 m2. construc main construction contents include tion emergency management facilities, medical aid and sanitation and antiepidemic station, emergency fire fighting, emergency water supply,

102 landscape facilities, fitness equipment, pavement, signage, greening and environment sanitation facilities etc. The sidewalks of West Binhe Road and Slow East Binhe Road of old urban area in traffic both sides of Xianhe River are The length of West Binhe Road and East 4 system reconstructed to slow footpath, with the Binhe Road is 7,000m. construc width of 1.5m; the footpath around Tapo tion is totaling 1,400m in length and 3m in width.

103 3. Investigation about public attitudes: Among the 172 questionnaires for public attitudes of shangnan County, we consulted on some questions about whether this project will promote social and economic development, increase job opportunities, improve life quality and other related questions. 65.07% of respondents thought the current economic development is good or better, 39.36% of respondents thought it was general, 2.38% filled in “worse” in the questionnaire. 67.46% of respondents thought that the main problems that restrict the local economic development are traffic and other infrastructure condition, followed by natural resources, others and electricity. 84.9% of respondents thought that this project construction is conducive to the local economic development. 95.23% of respondents supported this project construction, and no adverse opinion. 96.03% of respondents knew the basic information of this project. 92.06% of respondents believed that this project construction will improve the living conditions of local residents. 89.33% of respondents thought that local environment quality will be improved after the project put into operation. 80.15% of respondents thought that this project construction will increase the employment rate for local residents. 54.44% of respondents weren’t satisfied with current living environment. 52.6% of respondents thought that poor drainage and waterlogging should be the most urgent issues to be solved in order to improve the living environment. 92.85% respondents supported social policy for this project construction, 3.96% of respondents show support but have reservation, and no adverse opinion. (see Table 20)

104 Table 20 Statistical table of public survey result of Shangnan County

Survey content Survey result

(1) 172 people in total (2) Ratio of work nature: civil servants, 19.18%; farmers, 1.16%; self-employed households, 4.1%; doctors, 0%; workers, 0%; unemployed, 14.53%; (3) Ratio of gender: male, Basic Information about 40.47%; female,59.52%; (4) Proportion of project influencers: % Respondents Yes; % No (5) Ratio of poverty population: poverty people: 1.9%; non-poverty people: 98.1%.(6) Male-dominated families occupy a proportion of 77.3%; while female-dominated, 5.2%; and negotiation families, 17.6%.

What do you think of the (1)Great (2) Good (3) Ordinary (4) Poor current economic condition? 21.42% 43.65% 39.36% 2.38% What’s the major (1)Power supply (2) Traffic and other infrastructure (3) Natural problem of economic resources (4) Others (5) Have no idea development currently? (multiple choices) 36.5% 67.46% 50% 51.6% 0%

Will this project promote (1) Yes (2) No (3) Ordinary (4) Have no idea local economic development? 84.9% 1.5% 7.93% 3.96%

Do you support this (1) Yes (2) No (3) Indifferent project? 95.23% 0% 1.5%

Do you know the basic (1) Yes (2) A little (3) No information about this project? 52.38% 43.65% 3.96%

Through what kind of (1) Media (2) Announcement (3) Publicity (4) Street gossip way that you know about this project? 32.53% 9.52% 30.15% 19.04%

After this project put into (1)be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) get operation, local people’s worse living standards will 37.3% 54.76% 3.96% 0%

After this project put into (1)be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) operation, local decrease environment will 11.11% 78.22% 0% 0 %

Are you satisfied with (1) Yes (2) No current living environment 45.56% 54.44%

A. Poor road condition, and traffic jam .B. Impeded drainage, n terms of perfecting living environment, waterlogging. C. Insufficient water supply D. Inconvenient shopping please rank the E. Insufficient public facilities F. Lack of green land, poor following questions. environmental quality G. Frequent occurrence of disasters,

105 Survey content Survey result

insufficient facilities for avoiding and reducing disasters. 1. B 52.6% 2. A 47.8% 3. E 31.5% 4. G 29.5% 5. C 22.2% 6. D 16.7% 7. F 11.5%

After this project put into (1)be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) operation, local decrease employment rate will 19.84% 60.31% 15.87% 0%

You___ the supporting (1)support (2) object (3) basically support but have qualified social policies of this opinion (4) Have no idea project. 92.85% 0% 3.96% 0%

3.2.6 Yang County, Hanzhong City

The sustainable town development project of Yang County focuses on old urban area. It reaches North Ring Road to the North, South Ring Road to the south, Zhuhuan Avenue to the west and East Ring Road to the east, with an area of 3.2km2, gathering 65% of the population in urban area of Yang County, about 47 thousand people.

I. Overall description of project construction Construction content of subproject in Yang County: (1) Construct emergency evacuation channel, reconstruct south section of Yuanlin Road, Longquan Road, east section of Heping Road, the connecting section of South Ring Road and Hedi Road, newly construct west section of Wangjiang Road and Binjiang greenway, and reconstruct old Tanghe Bridge of G108. It is about 4km, and is used for connecting Wukang Road and the major emergency shelter square in the west of a city - Cailun Square.

(2) Emergency shelter square: reconstructing current Cailun Square, Kaiming Square and Stadium, equipping with related facilities and equipments for emergency shelter, with the reconstruction area of 67,280 ㎡. At the same time, constructing new emergency shelter of level -II standard between west bank of Tanghe River and Zhuhuan Avenue, with the area of 20000 ㎡. (3) Facilities for water supply guanrantee: Through the measures of constructing part pipe section, pipe network, end pipe diameter, unifiying the

106 materials for water supply pipe and tube, newly constructing communicating pipe to form a loop for water supply in old urban areas, the safety of water supply for residents at old urban areas in Yang County is guaranteed furtherly. Conduct reconstruction for water supply pipeline network of old streets such as West Street, Xiaoxi Street, and Zhongshan Street. The pipeline is 5.6km in total, improves water supply condition for 5,500 people, and improves water supply security rate. (4) Facilities of waterlogging prevention and emission reduction: Perfect rain sewage diversion drainage system of old blocks, construct rain and sewage pipelines of South Ring Road, so as to solve the problem that the waterlogging and sewage of old blocks is directly drained to Hanjiang River in rainy season, including water drainage pipeline of 12km. The project will solve the problem of waterlogging for 5,700 people and the problem of sewage drainage for 47 thousand people in 3.2-km2 old urban area. (5) Renovation of historical and cultural districts: Conduct town and city renewal for historical and cultural blocks of Ming and Qing Dynasty of 1.12km2, which mainly include the instauration of historical and cultural roads of Ming and Qing Dynasty, the repair of historical and cultural branch and lane of Ming and Qing Dynasty, cultural facilities renewal, traffic renewal; conduct renewal for roads connecting historical and cultural blocks, which mainly includes fours roads in the scope of historical and cultural blocks of Ming and Qing Dynasty and three lanes in northwest area of old urban area; the total population of this area is about 12 thousand. The major project contents include road instauration, reconstruction of water supply pipeline, increase of lighting facilities etc., and the implementation of the project will improve daily living environment of 9,000 people.

(6) Improve slow traffic system, which mainly include optimization and update for cross-section of Wukang Road, Tangta Road, Zhuhuan Avenue, Wenming Road, Heping Road, Qingnian Road etc. The major contents include paving sidewalk and increasing anti-slide lawn and bicycle path etc., with a reconstruction length of 7.7km, which will meet the slow traffic demand of 23

107 thousand people.

II. Impact of land acquisition and relocation Yang County Project doesn’t involve impact of land acquisition. The land of the project implemented area has been transferred to state-owned land for costruction in post-disaster reconstruction phase in 2010. Four documents including Shan Zheng Tu Pi (2011) No.26, No.27, No.194 and No.198 have approved land use application. Only the subproject in west section of newly constructed Wangjiang Road of the project involves demolition, with a total demolition area of 4,718m2, in which, 1,415m2 is brick-concrete structure, 3,303m2 is brick-wood structure, and 72 people from 21 households are affected. The 21 relocation households are negotiating resettlement agreement, and the demolition work is planned to complete by March 2019. See Table 19 for impact of land acquisition and demolition.

Table 21 Impact of land acquisition and relocation in Yang County

In Populatiu Affected Flo whic Dem Land Affected nder the population or h, olish acqui villages/c impact of of the are state- Land ed Buildin Project sition ommuniti LA demolition a owne type buildi g type area es(numb (persons/ (persons/ (mu d ng (mu) er) househol household ) land (m2) d) ) (mu) Road brick-co 1,415 reconstr ncrete uction project 14.4 14.4 72/21 brick-wo of West 3,303 od Wangjia ng Road Emerge ncy shelter 30 30 of Tanghe Park

Total 44.4 44.4 1 4,718 72/21

III. Specific Process of Survey Investigation team of social assessment for Yang County firstly

108 conducted a discussion meeting in Development and Reform Bureau of Yang County. Yan Hongbo, Director of the Bureau, gave a detailed description about overall operation of the project. He emphasized that a leading group was set up in the county people’s government for better implementation of the project, under which three offices was set up, and the coordination office was in Development and Reform Bureau of Yang County. Director of the Bureau Yan Hongbo said, according to the requirement of experts of World Bank, reconstruction shall be made in the old urban area, without houses of the public involved, so basically there’s no house demolition; the project has been publicized, and the public are all supportive. The project of World Bank is better than that of investors, and it is expected to be implemented soon. Except for listening to description of the project, investigation team also collected relevant documents about current project policy, poverty standard, and subsidy policy for the county and district. Investigation team investigated the roads, blocks, dyke road involved in project construction, and Xijie Community, Nanjie Community and Dongjie Community of Yangzhou Subdistrict of Yang County that under the impact of the project implementation. They learned the economic development of local people, the status of street reconstruction and expansion, water supply and drainage system, as well as actual demand and attitude of the public to the project in ZhifangJie Village of Yang County. Ren Jixian, Director of Xijie Community of Yangzhou Subdistrict in Yang County expressed, the most urgent problems to be solved are unstable voltage and poor drainage. Because of the low-laying terrain, sometimes the hydrops can be as high as 1m. Secretary of the community- Guo Chenglin said, uneven road is inconvenient for vehicles; there’ s no transformer and regular power grid, and the wires are like spider webs; water consumption increased with the increase of population, causing low water pressure and frequent water failure; the drainpipe only has a diameter of 30cm and is out of repair for long. Besidesm impeded drainage also exists. We look forward to the quick implementation of

109 the project. Investigation team paid a special visit to principal and teachers of Nanjie Primary School in Yang County. Principal Feng Changhua said, if the construction is carried out in South Street, it will have large impact, and also will cause inconvenience in picking up and sending students. He hoped the construction can be made during winter and summer holidaies or by sections; and an enclosure is needed in construction to guarantee the safety of students. Teachers thought it was too crowded in South Street, and hoped that it would be widened to facilitate the evacuation of students.

Figure 28 Field Survey in Yang County

110 Figure 29 Nanjie Primary School in Yang County Investigation team also visited shopkeepers, resident households, and taxi drivers near the community. They widely considered that the road was too narrow for convenient traffic; it was easy to form waterlogging in case of rain; coal-fired heating is prohibited in winter, but there isn’t power guarantee. Shopkeepers deemed that the serious aged road in old urban area affects their economic incomes. The respondents strongly expressed support for project construction, because it was beneficial for production and life of local people and for improvement of local economic level. Besides, in Zhifangjie Village, investigation team visited the poverty household of aged Liu Zhencai to know about the production and living conditions of local poverty people. There are six people in Liu Zhencai’s family. He is 82 years old, and his wife is already 70 years old. Since he is sick all the year round, medical expenses are huge, which is nearly CNY 10,000 per year apart from reimbursement of agriculture cooperative. Due to poor health, His daughter-in-law also can not undertake heavy labor, and she can only do some simple housework. His two granddaughters are studying in middle school and primary school separately. Hence, the six persons only rely on the incomes of his son as a migrant worker,

111 whose net annual income is about CNY 15,000, namely CNY 2,500 per person, which is lower than the poverty line of per capita income of CNY 3,050 for rural residents in Shaanxi Province. Fortunately in recent years, the government intensified effort for poverty relief, poverty households obtained the multilateral support, and their lives have been improved. The aged man expected that the project would be implemented as soon as possible, so that his son can find a job in local project or other posts, doesn’t have to work outside and stay away from home throughout the year, thus, he can both get income resource and attend the home.

Figure 30 Investigation team are having a discussion meeting in the community of Yang County.

112 Figure 31 Survey Situation in Yang County

113 Table 22 Construction Content of Yang County Project Location Implementation contents Quantity City and town Conduct road rehabilitation project for historical and cultural blocks of Ming renewal of West Street, Xiaoxi and Qing Dynasty, carry out synchronously with pipeline reconstruction, historical and Street, Zhongshan including road surface rehabilitation, power pipe trench, signs and marks, 2,477m cultural blocks of Street, South Street, greening, brightening etc.; adopt stripe stone materials in road surface to Ming and Qing North Street restore the historic original appearance of roads of old streets. Dynasty Branch and lane Reconstruct branches and lanes in historical and cultural blocks of Ming rehabilitation of and Qing Dynasty, carry out synchronously with pipeline reconstruction, Scope of historical and historical and including road surface rehabilitation, power pipe trench, signs and marks, cultural blocks of Ming 3,973m cultural blocks of greening, brightening etc.; adopt stripe stone materials in road surface to and Qing Dynasty City Ming and Qing restore the historic original appearance of roads of old streets; adopt renewal Dynasty cement concrete for pavement of road surface. Scope of historical and Reconstruct public spaces such as vacant lands of Town God’s Temple, Public space cultural blocks of Ming old opera stage, West Street Community, and Weisheng Street Square 4,700m renewal and Qing Dynasty etc., including sqwuare pavement, greening, lighting, square furniture etc. Collect historic traces of old blocks, through article treatment, represent in Scope of historical and Cultural facilities old blocks to become the carrier for people to pursue nostalgia in memory. cultural blocks of Ming 1.12km2 renewal By vertical planting, wall flower, flowerpot and flowerplate, flower in arstic and Qing Dynasty facility etc., increase greening decorating points for old streets. Scope of historical and Traffic renewal cultural blocks of Ming Set up traffic signs for crossroads of roads during the scope of old blocks. 50 items and Qing Dynasty

114 Project Location Implementation contents Quantity Donger Lane, Dongsan The width is between 7~12m. Carry out synchronously with pipeline Renewal for roads Lane,Huiguan Road, reconstruction, including road surface rehabilitation, power pipe trench, 1,320m connecting Qingnian Lane sidewalk, signs and marks, greening, brightening etc. historical and Wuwenchang Lane, The width is between 3~4.5m. Carry out synchronously with pipeline cultural blocks Xianjiang Lane, Zhifang reconstruction, including road surface rehabilitation, power pipe trench, 1,830m Lane sidewalk, signs and marks, greening, brightening etc. Adopt colored asphalt to re-pave non-motorized vehicle lane, and use Wukang Road, Tangta isolation fence to conduct physical isolation for non-motorized vehicle Slow-traffic system Road, Zhuhuan Avenue, lanes of Wukang Road and Tangta Road; reconstruct sidewalk, repair 11,720m of Yang County Wenming Road, Heping existing aging pavements, and combine sidewalk to reconstruct water Road, Qingnian Road landscape greening. Cailun Squre, Kaiming Conduct reasonable reconstruction for three completed sauares, increase 67,280 ㎡ Square, Stadium emergency facilities; repair broken pavement and greening of square. Emergency shelter Take advantage of part vacant space in waterfront of Tnaghe River to Newly constructed construct Binjiang Park integrating functions such as leisure, sports, 20,000 ㎡ Tanghe Park sightseeing, and shelter as a whole. Resilient South section of Yuanlin city Road, Longquan Road, The width is between 6~13m. Carry out synchronously with pipeline Evacuation east section of Heping reconstruction, including road surface rehabilitation, power pipe trench, 2,280m channel Road, connecting section sidewalk, signs and marks, greening, brightening etc. of South Ring Road and Dyke Road

115 Project Location Implementation contents Quantity 570m of the newly constructed west section of Wangjiang Road, with 16m in width, serves as the channel of the masses in southern part of the town West section of for evacuating to emergency shelter. Construct a new greenway along Wangjiang Road, 1,770m flood land of Hangjiang River, with 1,200m in length and 8.5m in width, riverside greenway which werves as the channel of masses for watching scenery of Hanjiang River and evacuating to outside of the town. Tanghe Bridge of old Dismantle and reconstruct old 108 National Highway that is identified as 800 ㎡ G108 dangerous bridge, and reconstruct bridge girder. South Ring Road, west Carry out synchronously with sewage pipeline reconstruction, replace part section of Wangjiang of urban roads and water supply pipeline of communities, so as to solve Water supply Road, branches and the problems including smaller end pipe diameter, aging of pipeline, and 5,607m support facility lanes of historical and service water head failing to meet demand of water supply pipeline in cultural blocks of Ming residential area. and Qing Dynasty South Ring Road, West Examine defects and look for omissions, perfect rain and sewage diversion Street, East Street, drainage system for branches and lanes of old town, construct sewage Flood prevention Xiaoxi Street, South collection trunk pipeline of South Ring Road, so as to thoroughly solve the 12,243m and emission Sreet, North Street, problem that domestic sewage of old town is directly drained to Hanjiang reduction facilities, Chaoyang Road, River in rainy season. pavement of Longquan Road, south Examine defects and look for omissions, perfect rain and sewage diversion sewage pipeline section of Yuanlin Road, drainage system for branches and lanes of old town, and rain pipeline Donger Street, Dongsan construct rainwater collection trunk pipeline of South Ring Road and 12,243m Street, Huiguan Street, connect that with existing trunk pipeline of diversion rain drainage system, Qingnian Lane, west so as to solve the problem of waterlogging of old town in case of heavy

116 Project Location Implementation contents Quantity section of Wwangjiang rain. Road, Wenchang Lane, Xianjiang Lane, Zhifang Lane, branches and lanes of historical and cultural blocks of Ming and Qing Dynasty etc.

117 3、Public attitude Survey: In the 73 questionnaires of public attitude that released in Yang County, we consulted on some relevant problems, for example, whether the project would promote local socioeconomic development, increase employment opportunities, and improve living quality etc. 73.96% respondents thought current development situation of local economy was great or good, and 20.54% thought that was ordinary. 91.77% respondents thought the major problems that restricted local economic development were infrastructures such as traffic. 80.82% respondents thought the project construction was beneficial for the promotion of local economic development. 98.63% respondents supported project construction. 79.44% respondents understood the basic situation of project. 83.55% respondents thought the project construction would improve family living condition of local residents. 87.66% respondents thought that after the project being put into operation, local environmental quality would be improved. 42.69% respondents weren’t satisfied with current living environment. 71.9% respondents thought that if we want to perfect living environment, traffic was the most urgent problem to be solved. 86.3% respondents thought project construction would improve employment rate of local residents, while 12.32% respondents thought there wouldn’t be obvious change. 89.04% respondents supported the supporting social policies for the project construction, 9.58% expressed their support, but had qualified opinion, 1.36% knew nothing about the project, and no objection opinion. (seeTable 23)

118 Table 23 Statistical table of public survey result of Yang County

Survey content Survey result

(1) 73 people in total. (2) Ratio of work nature: civil servants, 42.46%; farmers, 0%; self-employed households, 1.3%; doctors, 2.73%; workers, 17.8%; migrant workers, 23.38%. (3) Ratio of Basic Information about gender: male: 65.75%; female: 34.24%; (4) Ratio of affected persons Respondents in the project: affected persons: %； non-affected persons: %. (5) Ratio of poverty population: poverty people: %; non-poverty people: %.(6)Male-dominated families occupy a proportion of 71.2%; while female-dominated, 8.2%; and negotiation families, 20.6%.

What do you think of the (1) Great (2) Good (3) Ordinary (4) Poor current economic condition? 46.57% 27.39% 20.54% 0% What’s the major problem of economic (1) Power supply (2) Traffic and other infrastructure (3) Natural development resources (4) Others (5) Have no idea currently?(Multiple 27.39% 64.38% 26.02% 15.06% 0% choice)

Will this project promote (1) Yes (2) No (3) Ordinary (4) Have no idea local economic development? 80.82% 0% 6.84% 0%

Do you support this (1) Yes (2) No (3) Indifferent project? 98.63% 0% 0%

Do you know the basic (1) Yes (2) A little (3) No information about this project? 34.24% 45.2% 6.84%

Through what kind of (1) Media (2) Announcement (3) Publicity (4) Street gossip way that you know about this project? 32.87% 12.32% 58.9% 15.06%

After this project put into (1)be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) get operation, local people’s worse living standards will 50.68% 32.87% 13.69% 0%

After this project put into (1)be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) operation, local decrease environment will 31.5% 56.16% 0% 0 %

Are you satisfied with (1) Yes (2) No current living environment 57.31% 42.69%

119 Survey content Survey result

A. Poor road condition, and traffic jam .B. Impeded drainage, waterlogging. C. Insufficient water supply D. Inconvenient In terms of perfecting shopping E. Insufficient public facilities F. Lack of green land, poor living environment, environmental quality G. Frequent occurrence of disasters, please rank the following questions. insufficient facilities for avoiding and reducing disasters. 1. A 71.9% 2. B 49.2% 3. G 41.5% 4. E 39.1% 5. F 32.8% 6. C 26.6% 7. D 21.3%

After this project put into (1) be improved greatly (2) be improved (3) have little change (4) operation, local decrease employment rate will 45.2% 41.1% 12.32% 0%

You___ the supporting (1) support (2) object (3) basically support but have qualified social policies of this opinion (4) Have no idea project. 89.04% 0% 9.58% 1.36%

3.2.7 Regional cooperation platform

Regional cooperation platform in Hanjiang River Basin of South Shaanxi is a regional cooperation mechanism, aiming to promote the development of urban agglomeration among the cities and towns in South Shaanxi Project Area. This platform is dominated by the government with the participation of governments at different levels, private sectors, major industries and interested parties of local think tank, without legal administrative functions. The platform is helpful for strengthening the cooperation and dialogue between cities and towns on water quality management of Hanjiang River, disaster weather monitoring and urban waterlogging risks, and for the formulation and execution of the decisions on improving regional and cross-border issues. In order to provide data support and decision-making basis for the consultation of water quality management of Hanjiang River, disaster weather monitoring and urban waterlogging risks. There are two regional cooperation platform projects that have been confirmed to be impleted in Ankang, including disaster weather monitoring and urban waerlogging risk early-warning system as well as automatic water quality monitoring station that can reflect the water quality

120 change of the drainage basin. Disaster weather monitoring and urban waerlogging risk early-warning system is composed of such five parts as C-band dual-polarization weather radar station, X-band phase-coherent dual-polarization Doppler weather radar station, mobile weather station, urban waterlogging observation station and data center. In which, certain space shall be arranged for the establishment of two radar stations. At present, Ankang Municipal People’s Government has authorized Ankang Weather Bureau to specifically implement the work. Two radar stations totally need an area of 7 mu, which shall be state-owned land and provided by the Management Committee of Ankang Niushan Mountain Scenic Spot and Pingli County State-owned Tree Farm respectively free of chanrge. See details in Table 24.

Table 24 Land Occupation of the Planned Natural Gas Radar Station Land area No increased . Name New construction (mu) Land attribution Niushan Hilly land and Weather C-band state-owned land Station in dual-polarization (Management Hanbin Doppler weather radar Committee of Niushan 1 District station 5 Mountain Scenic Spot) Baxian Town Weather X-band phase-coherent Hilly land and Station in dual-polarization state-owned land Pinjgli Doppler weather radar (State-owned forest 2 County station 2 farm in Pingli County) Based on distribution of towns and cities along Hanjiang River (Ankang Section), socioeconomic development status and basin perimeter in major tributaries streams, we arranged an automatic water quality observation station that can reflect the water quality change of the basis. By now, Hanjiang main stream has had nine automatic water quality stations, which can basically reflect the variation trend of water quality in Hanjiang main stream, while, among the nine main tributaries streams, only Xunhe River Water Quality Automatic Monitoring Station has been completed. According to requirements

121 of “ten Regulations for Water” in Ankang, automatic water quality monitoring network will cover the main stream of Hanjiang Main Stream and nine tributaries steams with a catchment area of 1,000km2 in the territory, to realize real-time automatic monitoring and predict the change of water quality, thus ensuring water quality security of Hanjiang River. Therefore, based on distribution of towns and cities along Hanjiang River (Ankang Section), socioeconomic development status and basin perimeter in major tributaries streams, it is planned to construct the automatic water quality monitoring stations that can reflect water quality change in the basis in eight major tributaries streams. At present, the eight automatic water quality monitoring stations being designed totally cover an area of 1.76mu, and all are state-owned land and at the historical highest water water of the basin. See detailed land occupation in Table 25.

Table 25 Land Occupation Influence of the Planned Automatic Water Quality

Monitoring Station Land area Land No. Name increased Remarks attribution (mu) Ziwu River Water Monitoring Flood land, 1 Station in Shiquan County 0.22 state-owned Chihe River Water Monitoring Flood land, 2 Station in Shiquan County 0.22 state-owned Renhe River Water Monitoring Flood land, 3 Station in Ziyang County 0.22 state-owned Lanhe River Water Monitoring Flood land, 4 Station in Langao County 0.22 state-owned Yuehe River Water Monitoring Station in Shiquan County in Flood land, 5 Hanbin District 0.22 state-owned Huangyang River Water Monitoring Station in Hanbin Flood land, 6 District 0.22 state-owned Lvhe (Bahe) River Water Monitoring Station in Xunyang Flood land, 7 County 0.22 state-owned

8 Nanjiang River Water Monitoring 0.22 Flood land,

122 Land area Land No. Name increased Remarks attribution (mu) Station in Zhenping state-owned

Besides, centering on protecting water quality safety of water source in Hanjiang River in South-to-north water diversion project, in order to enhance environmental emergency accident response, emergency supplies are equipped for the key areas in Shiquan County, Ziyang County, Xunyang County, , Yihu Reservoir Area. Emergency supply bases are all constructed based on the adjustment of existing houses or the lease of idle houses in other places. It is important to specifically note that, the construction of all regional cooperation platforms will not involve the impact of land acquisition and house demolition. A few land of the project is state-owned land, which is uniformly arranged and administratively allocated by municipal people’s government, and has no direct impact on social and economic development of project implemented villages, towns and communities. Hence, the affected counties and districts of the project have not included implementation range in the construction of regional cooperation platform.

3.3 Analysis of Social Assessment Survey For the 22 communities/villages investigated, their differences in natural environment, ideology, infrastructure, transportation and the openness of market have led to their difference in economic development. The Survey reveals the following characteristics in social and economic development in the investigated villages: (1) No matter “community” or “village”, there’s neither agricultural community with grain crop as pillar industry, nor family with grain crop as major income resource. “Negative” situation of land (agricultural land) has occurred. Percentage of agricultural income in gross income of farmer decreases year by year. In the communities (villages) remaining few arable land, on the one hand, there is the problem that more people but less land; on the other hand, there

123 are problems that there is low benefit or even no benefit from land farming, and the public are reluctant to cultivate land. (2) In the investigation points that identities of members have been totally transferred to urban residents and urbanization management is implemented, poverty households have more urgent need to get social assistance, mainly because these households nearly have no property income. As farmers, although without labor, they still can obtain few income through such methods as land transfer; while urban residents basically rely on relief and assistance, if living environment is poor or they suffer form disaster, such poverty will get worse. (3)The number of migrant workers in a village and the time when villagers start to work outside the village have become a major basis for classifying regional economic development level. The export of labor service can not only increase local fund, ease the pressure of resource depletion and land shortage, but also broaden the view of these villagers, update their thoughts, improve their quality and enable them to learn new skills. In the meantime, population flow drives information flow and capital flow. (4) According to social assessment investigation data (see Table 22 for specific investigation data), the average accessibility of the emergency shelters of existing 6 project implementation counties and districts is only 25%. Because emergency shelters can offer services including exercise and fitness, leisure, and carry out other cultural activities for local public when there’s no disaster. According to investigation, women’s demand account for 66.2% of that for these recreational and sports activities. So low accessibility of the emergency shelters has greater negative impact on women than men, which is 20% greater. Hence, shelter construction of the project can reduce impact extent of disaster on women as much as possible. At the same time, it can meet the demand of women for using leisure facilities. In addition, due to women’s physical and psychological characteristics, they have higher safety demand of outdoor activities than that of men. In social assessment, the project specially paid attention to the monitoring equipment installation of bus, which is of index significance. According to the investigation, there are 71 public vehicles in town planning area of 6 counties and districts, in which, 8 public vehicles has been equipped monitoring probes, only

124 accounting for 11.2% of total operating buses. Due to the characteristics of crowds of bus, women are more likely to be stolen, robbed or harassed, while installation of monitoring equipments is facilitate deterrent and investigation for illegal acts, and it can reduce safety risk of travaling of women from the objective. (5) In the investigation points all involving urban residents, economic development level depends on the following factors: a. Community geographic location: including convenient traffic, tourism resources and good educational condition. b. Infrastructure and environmental facilities of community: including timely renewal of water and electricity facilities, facilities adapting to development requirement of local social economy, and large greening area. c. Standard and scientific social management policies: for example, service management of marketing and commercial activities, sufficient evaluation and evidential hearing before decision of social policy, and utilization of modern management means. The above factors are all the basis for the indexes of rapid development of regional economy. According to social assessment survey, deficiency obviously exists in above mentioned indexes in the areas of proposed World Bank project, for example, outdated construction level and function contraction of infrastructure in project implementation area of Shangnan County, and messy planning of urban road and inconvenient traffic in Yang County, which hinders the perfection of public living and the optimization of investment environment, and restricts the rapid development of local economy and society. So according to the project plan, the project contents, no matter in urban renewal or resilient city construction, all can compensate the shortcomings in urban development of project implementation areas. Project construction will bring about faster travel for people in these areas, more convenient production and living conditions, and beautiful resident environment. Apart from perfecting investment environment, enhancing added value of regional land, increasing local production and employment opportunities, it can also assist in improving living quality of local residents and attracting tourists by taking the advantage of local tourism resources. Moreover, for the areas vulnerable to disasters, it can increase regional disaster prevention ability, relief the loss of disasters for public and social economy, thereby facilitating overall socioeconomic development.

125 3.4 Education and Medical Condition Local governments at all levels attach great importance to compulsory education, and the foundation of primary education in project area is sound. Medical and health organizations in the project area are almost complete.Various communities (villages) have medical rooms. But current medical equipments are outdated, only have certain therapeutic effect for partial common diseases, and can not effectively meet medical requirement of local public. Overall educational and medical costs are high, diseases and medical expenses have become the major poverty reasons of poverty households. Because the project implementation areas include some old communities, the infrastructure is backward, and road condition is poor. Once there was a traffic jam in the project point of Shangnan County, that the patient can’t get timely treatment, thus causing life risks. According to statistics on educational level of residents in investigation point, most people have the educational level of junior middle school. Nowadays with rapid development of urbanization process, the level of cultural quality directly impacts social progress of urban and rural communities. Increasing attention and investment for education, at present, mainly refers to the investment for hardware. But quality education for people still can not meet social requirement, including ability cultivation of people that complying with social development, cultivation of good living habit, improvement of environmental hygiene awareness. Mental health training is still the highest priority of social education work in project implementation area. Project construction will be able to perfect local production and living conditions, improve quality of human living environment, enhance disaster prevention and reduction ability. But the effect mainly relies on the investment of hardware construction. We suggest that publicity and training for improving the quality of local residents should be supplemented in project implementation plan, which is an appropriate measure, and will double social and economic benefits of project construction. It is important to note that education and medical institutions may be affected during the construction of some subprojects. The PMO should intensify the requirements for the constructor and issue detailed policies to avoid or mitigate the impacts of construction.

126 4 Land system and resettlement

According to project feasibility study report and social assessment survey, land acquisition and house demolition activities occurred only in the Sub-projects of Shiquan and Hanbin of the project construction plan. Lands used as disaster shelters in Yang County, Ziyang County, Hanbin District are all from the allocation of construction land in state-owned reserves. Other project counties only involve few compensation impact for ground attachments. Since project feasibility study report is in revising, impact of land acquisition and house demolition on project area is not excluded in the final plan. Hence, we simultaneously investigated land acquisition policy and land system of project implementation area in the period of social assessment survey.

4.1 History of land system

The status of land use in the project area is the same as that of other areas in Shaanxi Province, that is, the household contract responsibility system. Land is distributed for per capita, which will not be changed for thirty years, and won’t increase or decrease with the increase or decrease of family members. By strengthening the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, it ensures farmers’ use rights of land, and accordingly relieves their family worries, maintains peaceful mind, and enables them to increase the input in the land. In recent years, a large number of farmers in the project area leave the countryside to work in other places of the country. More than 70% of farmers’ income is not from agriculture. However, changes in the structure of this source of income fail to lead to blind transfer of land use rights. Between changes in land use rights transfer and agricultural employment and income structure, there is almost no correlation. Paid use is carried out for State- owned land in project implementation area, which means except for the allotted land with national approval, paid and limited use will be carried out in case of usage or service condition change and market transaction for any newly increased or original land.

127 4.2 Current policies and laws on land Current policies and laws on land are: (1) The Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China . Announced and adopted at the 11th Session of the Standing Committee of the 10th National People's Congress on August 28, 2004. Main contents: it specifies land ownership, land using overall plan, farmland protection, land for construction, supervision and inspection, legal responsibility, including land acquisition compensation, subsidy standard for relocation, and relocation way for relocated people. (2) Regulations on the Protection of Basic Farmland (No.257 Decree of the State Council of The People's Republic of China on December 27,1998) In line with Agriculture Law of the People's Republic of China and the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China, it expresses the target of the country in protecting basic farmland, definition of basic farm, protection, supervision and management, legal responsibility, and so on. (3) Interim Regulations of Farmland Use Tax of the People's Republic of China (Decree No. 511 Document of the State Council on January 1, 2008) Main contents: it stipulates tax contribution standard and contribution range of state construction occupied farmland. (4) Decision on Furthering Reform of Land Management of the State Council (Guofa [2004] No. 28) Main contents: In order to, it puts forward the guide principle for using the land properly, protecting the legal rights of the peasants whose land are expropriated, maintaining social stability, and perfecting the land expropriation and resident relocation system, and clearly suggested to improve the compensation method of land acquisition. It asks all the county, city and province governments to take useful measures to make sure that the peasants' living standard will not slide after their land is expropriated, and that the land compensation, relocation compensation, ground attachment and young crop compensation are paid in full and in time according to laws in force. If according to laws in force, after the payment of land compensation and relocation compensation, if the peasants whose land are expropriated cannot

128 maintain the original living standard , and their social security can not be paid , the province, autonomous region and municipality government should agree to add relocation compensation. If the sum of land compensation and relocation compensation reaches the legal upper limit, but the peasants whose lands are expropriated couldn't remain the living standard as before, the local people's government can subsidy with the state-owned land income. The government of province, autonomous region and municipality should work out and promulgate unified annual output standard or regional comprehensive land price. The land acquisition compensation should be made based on the policy of same price for same land. The national key construction project should include the full expense of land acquisition into its budget. (5) Notice on Printing the Suggestions for Completing Compensation and Relocation System of Land Expropriation by the Ministry of Land Resources of People's Republic of China (Nov. 3, 2004, Guo Tu Zi Fa [2004] No. 238) The main contents: to put forward how to carry through “The Decision of the State Council on Deepening the Reform and Strictly Enforcing Land Administration” especially aiming at some problems during the land expropriation compensation and relocation system. There are two aspects: A. To formulate unified annual output value standard. The provincial land and resources administration along with relevant agencies woks out the lowest unified annual output value of every county in the province, then report it for the approval of the province government. When formulating unified annual output value standard, it should consider the type and quality of expropriated land, the investment on the land, the price of agricultural products, the grade of land, and so on. B. The affirmation of unified annual output value times. The unified annual output value times of land compensation and resettlement subsidy should ensure the peasants whose land are expropriated maintaining in the standard no lower than that before and be worked out within the legal limit. According to the legal unified annual output value times, if the land compensation and resettlement subsidy couldn't ensure the peasants whose land are expropriated maintaining the original living level and couldn't pay for their social security, the times can be increased after the approval of province government. If the sum of land compensation and resettlement subsidy is 30

129 times as the unified annual output value, if the peasants whose land is expropriated couldn't maintain the original living standard, the local government can make overall arrangement and allocate certain proportion of subsidy from the state-owned land income. If the basic farmland is expropriated by the legal approval, the land compensation should be carried out according to the highest compensation standard announced by the local government. (6) Real Right Law of the People’s Republic of China (Order of the President of the People’s Republic of China No. 62, effective as of October 1, 2007) Main contents: In accordance with the Constitution Law, the present Law arising from the attribution and utilization of the objects is enacted with a view to maintaining the basic economic system of the state, protecting the socialist market economic order, clearly defining the attribution of the objects, bringing into play the utilities of theobjects and safeguarding the real right of the right holder. (7) Regulations on the Implementation of the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China of Shaanxi Province (adopted at the Twelfth Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth Provincial People's Congress on November 30, 1999, and effective on January 1, 2000) Main contents: Concrete implementation regulation is made in line with the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China, the reality of Shaanxi Province. (8) Regulations on Land Acquisition for Construction Project of Shaanxi Province. No. 78 document issued and effective as of January 8, 2002 by Shaanxi Provincial Government. . Main contents: to regulate the land acquisition in Shaanxi Province. According to The Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China and Regulations on the Implementation of the Land Administration Law of the People’s Republic of China of Shaanxi Province, it puts forward the principal and method to protect, explore and use land reasonably, and to guarantee construction land environment and to balance the land use and supplement. (9) Average Standard of Unified Annual Output Value and Section Comprehensive Land Price on Land Acquisition in Shaanxi Province [Shan

130 Guo Tu (2017) No.6] Main contents: A. to specify ,the compensation standard of unified land acquisition in Shaanxi, and correct the policies for different prices of identical land, imbalance of regions and low compensation standard. (10)”involuntary resettlement”(World Bank Operational Policy 0P4．12)

4.3 Resettlement

In resettlement report, it conducted detailed analysis on influence quantities, compensation standard, resettlement measures, and public participation of project for Shiquan County, Hanbin District,Yang County ,Shangnan County and Ziyang County that involving the impact of land acquisition and house demolition. According to public participation Survey of project implementation area in Shiquan County, Hanbin District,Yang County ,Shangnan County and Ziyang County that involving the impact of land acquisition and house demolition, the majority masses had no comments with land acquisition and house demolition of project construction. They said that constructing disaster shelters and improving disasters prevention and resisting abilities are important matters related to the safety of lives and properties of the masses. Moreover, these shelters can be used as the exercise and rest place for local people. They expressed support for the project construction. But individual people expressed qualified opinion. They thought that local land resources were tight, and it was a waste to use the land as square. At present, project implementation agencies are actively communicating with them, and it is expected to dispel their misgivings and attain consensus. In terms of resettlement compensation requirement, most people agree the cash compensation. And they hoped that the compensation would be directly handed out to households involving land acquisition and house demolition in order to avoid the withholding of various levels; Individual people hoped to resolve job placement, and thought that the land was becoming fewer and fewer, continuing the farming would not greatly change the living conditions, or even make it worse, so they hoped to have vocational training and placement.

131 In field Survey, we listened to the wishes and opinions of affected households, talked with project officials about compensation standard and resettlement measures of project. We think the most direct negative impact of project construction for benefits of local public would be land acquisition and house demolition. But in accordance with compensation policy of land acquisition and house demolition after adequate consultation with local public, with the payment of compensation funds and the adoption of resettlement measures in various organizations, productions and lives of these affected people will be recovered and developed.

132 5 Impact of poverty relief

5.1 Situation and causes of poverty 5.1.1 Situation of poverty According to field survey, the socioeconomy in the project area has the base for development, but some residents are still under the line of absolute poverty. According to Survey data of 22 project affected communities (villages), there are 88,496 households with a total population of 224,803 in 22 project radiation communities in 2017. In which, urban households receiving subsistence allowance and rural poverty households (the above two categories both are recognized as poverty households) account for 1.4%, totaling 1,254 households with 3,554 people. Ratio of poverty population in project implementation area is a little higher than 0.8% as standard percentage of population of households receiving subsistence allowance in total population in Shaanxi province, but the data above is the approved data by civil affairs bureau. However, there are a few households needing helping because of temporary poverty, which accounts for 1% of the total households although it is very difficult to make clear how many households there are. 5.1.2 Causes of poverty According to the survey and analysis of the relevant literature, there are several reasons causing the poverty of poverty families, including: (1) Disability, mentally retarded or disease. (2) Lacking of knowledge of agricultural science and technology, low value of agricultural production, and unitary production structure. (3) Lacking of labor skills, and low income for migrant worker. (4) Numerous family members, lacking of labor force, and heavy burden. (5) Accidental disasters or accidents. (6) Unhealthy living habits and low quality. (7) Elderly person of no family, and lacking of labor force. (8) Poor living condition, and lacking of income resources.

5.2 Measures to reduce poverty

133 At present, the local government mainly takes the following measures to help the poor: (1)To take efforts to improve people's production and living conditions. For the poor households living in high steep slopes, the government employs the measure of "ecological migrants". (2)To strengthen infrastructure construction, and to improve production and living conditions of the masses. (3)To adjust agricultural structure, to optimize the industrial structure of agriculture, and exploit agricultural income potential. (4) To provide occupational guidelines, and employment skills training. (5) To appoint full -time poverty relief cadres to form pairs with poverty households, and implement one-to-one assistance. (6) To hand out minimum subsidies and poverty relief expenses. (7)To increase scientific and technological efforts to fight poverty in rural areas, improve the quality of the poor. The specific practices are as follows: ① To center on rural leading industry seriously, according to "the actual, practical, practical" principle, to pay attention to the practical skill training, to train a batch of technical backbone and professional technical experts for the country; ② To take meetings seriously as training. Through meetings, to popularize agricultural practical technology, and to let grass-roots cadres become practical technology leaders; ③ By handing out technical information, TV education, broadcasting and other forms to popularize agricultural technology and knowledge, to carry out scientific and technological training, and to improve labor force’s quality of science and technology; ④ To make use of model persons and households, the carders should help the poor households. Pay adequate attention to the specialized villages, teams and big households of dominant industries by means of contracting a village and affiliating to the point. ⑤ To take effective measures, to encourage private research institutions to take part in project development and play a more important role in the poverty relief work.

134 In addition, the local government actively establish contact with some research institutes in the province and the city in order to get support, improve technological level, and improve economic benefits from agriculture.

5.3 Effect and risk of project construction to poverty alleviation

5.3.1 Effect of project construction to poverty alleviation Effect of project construction to eliminate poverty is shown in the following areas: (1) The construction of the project will bring more practical benefits to the agricultural residents in the project area. The lagging infrastructure, blocked water drainage, out of repair of road in most villages or communities in the project area restrict the additional value of land and deteriorate investment environment. An important content of the construction is to improve the local road network. The construction of the project will greatly change the traffic conditions of the local people, then, they can travel more conveniently, greatly reducing the cost of transporting goods. In addition, because of improvement of traffic condition, the development of local characteristic economy has a solid base of infrastructure, which will promote the industrialization and large-scale development of characteristic economy, and directly improve the living standards of the local people. Moreover, the improvement of traffic condition will promote the development of local tourism, and promote the development of the third industry in the project area. (2) Project Implementation will speed up the pace of poverty alleviation for local residents. Backward production and living environments seriously restrict the development of social economy; lacking of external investment and few jobs reduce the opportunities for local poverty households who work locally to seek for income resources. Especially poor water and sewage drainage influences environmental quality, causing low income of local fruits and vegetables with high yield and quality in local places. Sometimes the economic value would even lose because they were unable to be transported out. In this case, local public had to give up the development of these characteristic industries. This shows that low social environmental quality and development level directly influence development and utilization of advantage

135 resources in project areas. Implementation of poverty relief measures and performance of effect were also affected greatly. (3)Establishment of disaster shelters, governance of landslide points, and implementation of disaster reduction measures can relive and avoid new impact of disasters on lives and properties of local public, especially avoid the severe hazard for poverty households. Meanwhile, these disaster shelters don’t only have unitary function of disaster avoidance. They can be used as places for exercise and rest. In fact, those who don’t have abilities to go out as migrant workers such as the aged, women, and poverty people have more opportunities to use these shelters. They would be the most direct beneficiaries of project implementation. (4)Project implementation also can bring about many opportunities for employment and earning money for local surplus labors and poverty households. After being put into use, it will definitely drive the development of transportation industry, catering industry, and service industry of project affected areas. This not only creates employment opportunities for local surplus labors, but also favorable conditions for poverty relief and operation of other industries for local residents. 5.3.2 Latent risk Construction of urban renewal and resilient urban can create favorable conditions for perfecting living and investment environments and enhancing disasters prevention and reduction ability in project implementation areas. It can effectively provide assistance in self-development of economy and society, and poverty relief in project affected areas. But as forg the measures of compensating for land requisition, social security and resettlement are not proper, they may become the latent risks of the project constructions.。

136 6 Gender analysis 6.1 Overview of women’s development 6.1.1 Overview of Chinese women’s development China has a large population. According to the latest statistical data of NBS, up to the end of 1997, excluding the population of Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan, the total population of China is about 1.39 billion, in which, female population accounts for about 48.5% of the total population. Before 1949, Chinese women were in the unequal position with men for a long time in the course of thousands of years of historical development. After 1949, the masses of women has been liberated, women’s position and guarantee of rights and benefits have been greatly improved. First, eliminate all the backward ideas that discriminate women. Equal rights for men and women have become the target and concept of China for promoting national economic development and constructing harmonious social life. Formulation of related laws and regulations provides legal guarantee for realization of above mentioned target. Chinese has set a series of legal systems to guarantee women’s rights and interests and promote women’s development based on Constitution of the People’s Republic of China, centered on Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests, together with laws such as Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China, Law of Succession of the People’s Republic of China, Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China, Law of the People’s Republic of China on Maternal and Infant Health Care, and Provisions on Labor Protection of Women Workers, administrative laws and regulations, and local laws and refulations. Article XLVIII of Constitution of the People’s Republic of China stipulates that, “women of the People’s Republic of China have the equal rights in various aspects including politics, economy, culture, and family life, the country protects women’s rights and interests, implements equal pay for equal work for

137 women and men, cultivate and select female cadres.” Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Women’s Rights and Interests was approved at the fifth session of the seventh National People’s Congress on April 3, 1992, and was implemented from October 1, 1992. It provides legal guarantee for protecting women’s legal rights and interests, facilitating gender equality, and giving full play to the role of women in socialist modernization. Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China has many policy provisions which clearly target at women’s rights and interests, such as Provisions on Labor Protection of Women Workers, Regulation on the Working Scope Banned for Female Workers. The laws, regulations and policies for protecting women’s rights and interests also include Marriage Law, which was issued and implemented from 2001, Regulations on Marriage Registration, which was implemented from October 1, 2001, Law of the People’s Republic of China on Maternal and Infant Health Care, and Decisions of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress Regarding the Severe Punishment of Criminals Who Abduct and traffic in or Kidnap Women or Children etc. With development of legal construction and deepening of social work, guarantee of women’s rights and interests will get more and more attention from the state and society, laws and social work for protecting women’s rights and interests will also be gradually perfected. But we also need to note that China is a developing country. Limited by social development level and influenced by old concept, the status of Chinese women is still less than satisfactory. Women have various difficulties and challenges in complete realization of equal rights in participating in politics, employment, education, marriage and family, and the overall quality of women is to be further improved, and quality problem is especially prominent for some remote and underdeveloped areas in China.

138 6.1.2 Development Situation of Women in Shaanxi According to Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Women, on the 28th session of Standing Committee of the 10th Shaanxi Provincial People's Congress, the Shaanxi’s Implementation Method on the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Women was revised and approved on December 3, 2006, which was implemented on January 1, 2007. The “Method” specifies that “maintaining the equality of men and women and protecting the rights and interests of women are the common responsibility of the society”. On December 4, 2011, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Government issued Shaanxi Women Development Planning (2011-2020) (Shan Zheng Fa [2011] No.70), the basic guiding ideology is to implement such basic state policies as equality of men and women etc., stick to people orientation, optimize women’s development environment and promote the comprehensive development of women according to such requirement as protecting people’s livelihood and boosting the equalization of basic public services. According to the basic spirits of Shaanxi Women Development Planning (2011-2020), Shaanxi Provincial People’s Government formulated and implemented the Special Regulations of Shaanxi’s Implementation on Labor Protection of Female Worker on March 1, 2018, all these documents provide detailed specifications with the form of laws and regulations on the principles of implementation of equality of men and women and the protection of the rights and interests of women, In general, both national laws and regulations and local laws and regulations of Shaanxi province have specified the standard for protecting the rights and interests of women. It should be mentioned that these laws and regulations are implemented actively and effectively in practical work.

139 While, from the other side, Shaaxi is located in the northwest of China, the economic development of all regions in the whole province are still in disequilibrium. Influenced by such series of factors as local geographic position, urban economic development, resources and environment, and the traditional old feudal thought – man is superior to woman, as well as the low education level of women etc. in the northwest of Shaanxi, and the remote region in Qinba Mountains of the south of Shaanxi, the principle of equality of men and women also becomes the major reason for affecting and restricting local women to participate in social affair activities to some extent in actual social life. 6.1.3 Development characteristic of women in the affected area of the project It is found according to the investigation on social evaluation of the project that, the comparison between the social participation of women and that of men in the project area are summarized as following characteristics: Men and Women in the affected area of the project play different roles in both family and social division, female hosts mainly assume the work of children education and parenting (and cooking, laundry, taking care of the elder etc.) as well as the family’s production of agricultural products, while young women also go out with their husbands as migrant workers or do some simple works in tertiary industry. Although there are some effect on the long-term education of equality of men and women and the women in the project implementation area have certain family status, but influenced by the traditional view, the decision of great family events and and children education issues are made by husbands in general, and women still have no corresponding discourse right in economic issues. Although women hope and have the willing to participate in social activities, they have no great proactivity and their sense of participation is not that strong. Some women have been accustomed to the social custom of men work outside the women work inside, so they do not want to get involved in the affairs outside their house. Young women in the project implementation area generally accepted the education of middle school, while the education background of old women is generally lower, even there are few of illiteracies in them. The women stay in home are generally middle aged and senile women, who keep less social contact, have

140 simple social relations and family are their main activity place. Less women in the project area get married early, they usually get married at the age around 22 – 25 years old. Puerperas will give birth at hospitals considering the safety of mother and baby. In the families that there are no members going out for work, the traditional gender division of labor model of “men work outside and the women work inside” is still in use. While, in the families that men go out for work, women and the elder become the major force of family production and activity, wives undertake all housework and family business operation, they are under heavy life pressure, there are no difference between busy season or slack season, no holiday for them, they are always in the operation with high load.

6.1.4 Research and Analysis on the Influence of the Project on

Social Gender

The project is a World Bank Loan Project, the development goals of which should comply with relevant Chinese laws and regulations and policies, as well as the lending policy of World Bank. According to the latest issued 2016-23 Gender Strategy of the World Bank, narrowing the gender difference is an indispensable development goal of the project, including: 1) Equal empowerment on education, health, social security etc.; 2)Providing better labor opportunity and remuneration; 3) Removing the limitation of women’s control on productive assets and the ownership; 4) enhancing the social discourse right of women. According to the principal above, we paid a close attention to including gender opinions into mainstream for the project when we pre-selected and prepared the scheme at early stage to ensure men and women can equally benefit from the intervening measures of the project, the gender analysis in the report is also an important part of social evaluation. 1. Basic influence and investigative process 22 communities (villages) of six counties in the project implementation area were chosen to be the investigative sample points for the social evaluation investigation, and a total of 1,396 persons are interviewed and investigated. For fully listening to the voice of women, 751 women were

141 recognized within all the 1,396 persons, accounting for 44.3% of the respondents. Through the interviews with respondents and the investigation on the preliminary work of the project, we were delighted to see that gender factor had been included the mainstream method for project design, the main documents have covered basically gender issues, and the necessary arrangements have been made for them in the project design and implementation to ensure female AP can get the same treatment and compensation as male. But for reminding the project office to pay attention to gender issues during the implementation of the project, the single paragraph/ section of the project design documents stressed the key point related to gender issues; for example, the number of women who take part in the community negotiation and skill training should account for at least around 30% of all people involved. In addition, the relevant monitoring arrangement is explained in details in the complete planning for project monitoring, and the result will be included in the half year progress report and End Project Report. In addition, the Project Offices of the province and counties should cooperate closely with the affected communities (villages) to ensure women can get the same compensation as men. The investigation on gender of the project shows that, the number of female who take part in the public affairs and public consultation and negotiation activities in the project area is less than that of male because of the limitation of low education development level and social cultural background of local area. For example, as shown in the data, the number of female who took part in the relevant consultation activities in the preparation period of the project only account for 18% of the participants. It not only limited female to understand the project information and, welfare and compensation mechanism, but also limited their voicing and demand in project design and implementation. The report will propose to the project management office and project implementation units that it is necessary to give special attention to vulnerable groups such as women, children, the elderly and the disabled in all kinds of policy documents of the project, so as to make the policies more inclusive and effective to improve the living environment of the vulnerable groups within the project implementatiwomen in the project area are willing to actively take part in the social work with higher quality to seek for the economic development

142 opportunity, but currently, the majority of women are engaged in the works with low skill and low compensatory. 2. Analysis and Evaluation: (1) The notion that man is superior to woman has been greatly changed in the project area, the status of women in families is upgraded, even in a minority of families, women are the master of their houses, accounting for 7.9% of all 1,396 investigated households. Besides, 18.6% households make decisions through negotiation of the husband and wife. This is because more and more women go out as migrant workers and work in tertiary industry, their income has become an important part of their family income. Compared to the past the discourse right of women in domestic affairs has improved to some extent. (2) With the increasingly number of women who go out as migrant workers and work in tertiary industry, the women in the project area broadened their vision and opened their mind than before. They are willing to take part in public affairs, but they can only get the fewer opportunities. (3) Women who do not go out as migrant workers for any reasons mainly engage in housework and children’s education at home. While, as for the households that the husbands go out as migrant workers, women have to undertake all household productive labor and housework, the life pressure of which are much heavier. (4) The labor intensity and pace of life are different upon the difference of family economic conditions. We got know from the investigation that, the labor intensity of very few women who have better family economic conditions is less than that of other women. (5) As for the reproductive health of women, the situation of women’s reproductive health care in project area is still not good enough, not a few married women suffer from gynecological disease in varying degrees. (6) The technical content of the productive activities that women work in is lower, the techniques of planting, cultivation and process still follow the traditional methods, the labor intensity of which is high with lower economic benefit. (7) Most women in project area know that the project construction is going to be carried out there, they hope the construction of the project will bring

143 them a better life, so they are willing to take part in the construction of the project.

6.1.5 Intervention and Monitoring of the Social Gender

Influence of the Project

According to the findings above, the report specially proposes the following activities to relieve social inequality caused by gender difference and enhance the integration of women and vulnerable groups. It is suggested that the Project Management Office and Project Implementation Units (and the professional staff who are engaged in these activities) should designate specially-assigned persons to carry out these activities. The tracking assessment of project implementation should contain the setting of special index to make a monitoring, the corresponding index should be contained in the framework of the project achievement. 1. To ensure the compensation paid (including the relocation for men and women affected by the land acquisition and house demolition of the project) under the project is equal, and complies with the requirement of the government and the World Bank. 2. To set up the Participation Committee of Sub-district (towns) and community (villages), so as to let the affected persons to take part in the project supervision (all levels of the supervision procedure should involve women representatives, especially the female-headed and poverty households). The Participation Committee will participate in the relevant work of the supervision on the social environment influence of the construction during the project implementation period (for example, the influence of vibration, dust, pipe excavation and road closure caused by the construction, and compensation mechanism), and give assistance to the work of external supervision organizations. 3. Organize meeting in appropriate time and location and let women participate in it, so as to increase the proportion of men and women in public consultation and village supervision meeting, and satisfy the requirement of equal participation for men and women in project activities as much as possible in procedure. Project management office, project implementation

144 units and contractors should specifically arrange the consultative work with women, and encourage them to participate in implementation and supervision of projects, so as to reflect their demands. 4. Arrange professional training for the people affected by land acquisition and resettlement of the project, and in particular, provide skill training for women and vulnerable groups, so that they will have better employment opportunities after resettlement. The trainings may include (but is not limited to): Business training of family hotel/restaurant management, housekeeping skills, livestock raising (chicken and duck etc.), and market-orientated small-scaled agricultural gardens (mushroom and strawberry etc.). 5. During construction, operation and maintenance period of the project, encourage women and vulnerable groups to engage in nontechnical works, such as cooking for contractors, road cleaning, maintenance and greening etc. 6. As a part of disaster risk management, the special demands of women and vulnerable groups should be fully considered in prevention, monitoring, and early warning of disaster, preparation of scheme and rehearsal, so as to reduce the hazard and loss caused by disasters to women and vulnerable groups to the largest extent. 7. Project gender development monitoring indexes. See Table 26.

Table 26 Baseline data and target value of project’s impact index on women

Accessibility of Coverage rate of Women’s shelter square bus monitoring Women’s participation in Cou within town within town participation in skill consultation nty planning area planning area training activities and The target The target The target The target distr Baseli value value Proporti value Propor value Baselin ict ne achieved achieved on of achieved tion of achieved e data data in the in the women in the women in the project project project project Shiq uan 26% 100% 0 100% 28.50% 50% 17.2% 40% Cou nty Han 31.50 bin 100% 16.70% 100% 31.20% 50% 17.6% 40% % Distri

145 Accessibility of Coverage rate of Women’s shelter square bus monitoring Women’s participation in Cou within town within town participation in skill consultation nty planning area planning area training activities and The target The target The target The target distr Baseli value value Proporti value Propor value Baselin ict ne achieved achieved on of achieved tion of achieved e data data in the in the women in the women in the project project project project ct

Ziya ng 24.40 100% 18% 100% 30.30% 50% 18.3% 40% Cou % nty Yang 19.70 Cou 90% 0 100% 29.30% 50% 18.2% 40% % nty Mian 20.70 Cou 100% 16.70% 100% 28.60% 50% 18.4% 40% % nty Shan gnan 9% 80% 0 100% 32.60% 50% 17.0% 40% Cou nty

146 7 Public participation

7.1 Objective of public participation Main objectives of public participation in the project are: (1) Through public participation in the project, publicize the project information to the public; (2) Through public participation in the project, understand the public's attitudes to the project; (3) Through public participation in the project, understand the concern of most public; (4) Through public participation, understand the public’s opinions and suggestions of the project.Main

7.2 Time and method of public participation (1)To hold 40 times of intensive public consultation activities such as discussion, information disclosure, seminars and so on; (2)To select the target population (family) for face-to-face consultation, including the poor and women; (3)To hold a public’s attitude survey through questionnaire, which includes the awareness of the implementation of the project, assessment of the needs of local social economic development, the attitude of project construction, opinions and suggestions, etc. (4)To invite the experts and staff from the Project Office to carry out publicity and feedback of opinions and suggestions; Public participation activities were from January to September in 2018. We conducted 40 intensive participation consulting activities, and more than 400 household interviews in 22 project implementation subdistricts/towns.

7.3 Survey of public attitude

After the feasibility report of the project was completed, the project implementing agencies of the counties/districts held an information disclosure to the people and institutions in the affected area. From March to April of 2018, the project implementing agencies along with the social assessment institution held a survey in the form of questionnaires to understand public’s opinions to

147 the project. The objects of the survey are villagers, village carders, representative to the National People's Congress, industry owners and governments, who can play a good role as the representative. In the assessment region, the questionnaires are handed out both by random and by target selection to understand their opinions and demands of the project. Public attitude survey was ,made in the form of posting bulletin, handing out questionnaire. The questionnaire form is as shown in Table 23. In this public attitude survey, it took county/district as a unit, and 1,450 copies of questionnaire of group opinions collection have handed out, and 1,396 copies have been recycled. The recovery rate is 96.5%, in which 731 are men, accounting for 52.4%; 665 are women, accounting for 47.6% of respondents. 449 persons are affected by land acquisition and house demolition of the project, accounting for 26.4% of the total number of survey. 102 persons are in poverty, accounting for 7.3% of the total number of the survey. 1,026 households are male-dominated, accounting for 73.5% of investigated households; 110 households are female-dominated, accounting for 7.9%. Besides, 260 households make decisions from husband-wife negotiation, accounting for 18.6% of investigated households.The data of public attitude of the counties/districts are in Item 3.2.

Table 27 Form of questionnaire Survey content Survey result Basic information of the project (1)Total (2)Ratio of job nature (3)Ratio of gender Basic Information about (4)Population affected by project (5)Ratio of poverty people Respondents (6)Information of family discourse What do you think of the (1)Great (2)Good (3)Ordinary (4)Poor current economic condition? What’s the major problem in (1)Power supply (2)Infrastructures like traffic (3)Natural resources economic development (4)Others currently? (5)Have no idea Will this project promote (1)Yes (2)No (30)Ordinary (4)Have no idea local economic development? (1)Yes (2)Object (3)Indifferent Do you support this project?

148 Survey content Survey result Do you know the basic (1)Yes (2)A little (3)Have no idea information about this project? Through what kind of way (1)Media (2)Announcement (3)Publicity (4)Street that you know about this gossip project? After this project is put into (1)be improved greatly (2)be improved (3)have little operation, local people’s change (4)get worse living standards will After this project put into (1)be improved greatly (2)be improved (3)have little change operation, local (4)decrease environment will

Are you satisfied with (1)Yes (2)No current living environment?

A. Poor road condition, and traffic jam .B. Impeded drainage,

waterlogging. C. Insufficient water supply D. Inconvenient

In terms of perfecting living shopping E. Insufficient public facilities F. Lack of green land, environment, please rank the following questions. poor environmental quality G. Frequent occurrence of disasters,

insufficient facilities for avoiding and reducing disasters.

After this project put into (1)be improved greatly (2)be improved (3) have little change (4) operation, local employment decrease rate will

You___ the supporting (1)support (2) object (3) basically support but have qualified social policies of this opinion (4) have no idea project.

In the above Survey, 85.46 % respondents thought the project would promote development of local economy and society, 93.93% respondents thought the project would increase employment opportunities, 93.1% respondents thought the project would improve living quality, 3.18% respondents either thought the project would have little impact or had no idea, and no one thought the project would have no impact.

149 59.3% respondents thought the main problem restricting local economic development is perfection of traffic and other infrastructures. And then respectively 31.95% natural resource, 21.99% power, and 12.55% others. 96.56% respondents supported the project construction, 3.43% had qualified opinions and no one objected. 43.75% respondents thought local environmental quality would be improved obviously or improved after the project being put into operation. Only 1.1% public thought local environmental quality would be reduced after the project being put into operation. 43.33% respondents thought project construction would greatly perfect or perfect living conditions of local residents, and no one thought project construction would make their living conditions get worse. 53.51% respondents weren’t satisfied with current living environment. 48.52% respondents thought the most urgent problem to be solved was traffic for improving living environment, and 48.13% respondents thought that was disasters reduction and waterlogging drainage problems. 43.71% respondents thought the project construction would improve or greatly improve employment rate of local residents, and no on thought the project construction would reduce employment rate of local residents. In terms of social policies implemented in the project, including compensation for land acquisition and house demolition, measures and methods for reducing project impact during project construction, assistant policies for poverty households etc., 92.75% respondents expressed support or conditional support, in which, 6.35% respondents basically supported but had qualified opinions, and 0.9% respondents expressed that they had no idea. The data show that the publicity for the implementation of the project to the local people should be further enhanced. It is necessary to perfect and supplement the policies and methods of project implementation after discussing with the local people and the affected persons in the project area. In general, the data show that most respondents support the construction of the project. Some who hold reservation are worried about that the compensation policy cannot meet their need. Many respondents suggest that the project should pay attention to pollution control, affectation, environment protection, and water resource protection, etc.

150 7.4 Adoption of public opinion

People in project areas actively supported project construction. They thought it would facilitate development of regional economy and society, increase employment, and improve living quality of residents. Public attached great importance to environmental protection work and quality management of project construction. People participated in Survey generally put forward that environmental protection and quality management work should be carried out in project construction, and normal lives of surrounding residents should not be affected. After project construction, it should not cause waste of expenditure or safety accident due to quality problem. The project construction organ promised to adopt the public opinions and the suggestions, to do a good job in HD&R and ecological environmental protection measures, to achieve environmental protection "three simultaneous", and to coordinate the development of environment protection and economic development. The opinions and suggestions of the local people are mainly as follows: (1) The people affected in the project are eager to complete the project as soon as possible, to improve the local infrastructure conditions, and to stimulate local economic development. (2) For the project plan, most people in the project area agree with it, but there are very few people hope that the range of infrastructure improvement can be broader to solve more infrastructure construction at more villages. (3) Most public had no opinion on land acquisition and house demolition of project construction. They said that repairing road is an important national affair. They were also willing to support it and contribute workforce. (4) In the areas involving the impact of land acquisition and house demolition, in terms of resettlement compensation, nearly half of respondents hoped that it would be economic compensation, and it also would achieve justice and transparency. 6.5 ％ public wished to obtain employment placement to guarantee their livings. (5) For the environmental impact of the project, the local people pay attention to noise pollution, air pollution, water and earth erosion and the destruction of vegetation. But they believe that the impact can be relieved or avoided by some measures.

151 (6) The enterprises in the project area, from the perspective of enterprise development, also hope that this project can be completed soon. (7) The subdistrict office, town and county government in the project area, from the perspective of the economic development of the area, have repeatedly expressed the hope that the project should be completed as soon as possible in order to serve the area. Based on the results of the survey, we hope that relevant management organizations and implementation organizations should set up and perfect complete mechanisms for information disclosure, public participation, and complaint in project implementation, so as to ensure that the negative impact of project on public of project areas is reduced to the minimum. At the same time, the people of the project area live in the project area for a long time. They know more clearly about geographical and natural conditions in the project area. The relevant agencies should listen more to their "local knowledge" in order to ensure the smooth implementation and operation of the project.

152 8 Conclusion and suggestions The implementation of this project will help promote the socioeconomic development and speed up the process of urbanization construction, gradually eliminate poverty, promote regional development, and to narrow the differences in development between the areas. The construction of the project will also have some potential negative effects, but by taking some effective measures, the project can avoid or reduce these negative effects.

8.1Positive impact of social assessment on project feasibility

153 Table 28 Statistical table for adopting social assessment advices in feasibility report Contents of feasibility Contents of former engineering No. Project feasibility engineering Social assessment advices construction construction after adopting advices 406 residents from 88 households of Hupo Lane in Changxing Flood Newly Community reflected their difficulties arising from the disrepair of local prevention construction of drainage facilities due to the flood year after year to government many times and Update and reconstruct old flood discharge drainage blocks area while constructing through various channels. Social assessment report proposes to include the channel of 1 project, old flood prevention and drainage construction of local sewage and flood discharge facilities into engineering 692m in Hupo blocks project, including Sigou area construction content of the project, so as to solve the problem of sewage and Mountain and renewal of and West jiaochanggou area. flood discharge of the 88 households. Feasibility report has clearly included renewal and Shangnan Hupo Lane into project construction content, and increased reconstruction reconstruction County project of Hupo area. of Hupo area. The daily average flow of people of the temperate vegetable market near Comprehe reconstruct road surface, Jingning Community is about 40 thousand, but there isn’t a public toilet in this Newly nsive rainwater pipes and sewage construct reconstruc pipes, increase a farmers area. The merchants have to relieve themselves under the fence of Jingning community 2 tion for market, increase life square, Community, which caused many conflicts between merchants and residents facilities for Jingning life service center, greening, of the community. It is advised to look for an appropriate location nearby to convenience of Communit refuse disposal and fitness build toilet, so as to solve the conflicts. Project Office has promised to arrange residents y of facilities etc. in the community, corresponding construction after implementation of the project.

154 Contents of feasibility Contents of former engineering No. Project feasibility engineering Social assessment advices construction construction after adopting advices Hanbin construct supporting facilities District such as water drainage facility, street lamps, signboard and other municipal public facilities. Newly construct 4 Newly construct 5 emergency Constructi emergency shelter squares, shelter squares, After social assessment survey, we learned that General Union Square is on of including Beipo Shelter including Beipo just 300m away from the central square of the county, and it involves 60 shelter Square, Dongchengmen Shelter Square, 3 households in the demolition. So we advised Housing Construction Bureau square of Square, Shiliangzi Shelter Dongchengmen and feasibility units to cancel related plans during modification of feasibility Ziyang Square, Ximenhe Shelter Square, report. County Square, General Union Shiliangzi Square Shelter Square, Ximenhe Shelter Square, Constructi Make use of part vacant land in In the former plan, construction would be carried out in collective forest land of Zhifang It has changed 4 on of waterfront of Tanghe River to Village of Zhifang Subdistrict. Social assessment personnel thought there’s difficulty in to construct the Tanghe newly build a Riverside Park processing land acquisition procedure, and the period is long, which will influence the shelter square

155 Contents of feasibility Contents of former engineering No. Project feasibility engineering Social assessment advices construction construction after adopting advices Shelter integrating such functions as progress of the entire project construction. So it is suggested to adjust the site. Feasibility of Tanghe River Square of leisure, sports, sightseeing, and responsible organizations of the county has adopted social assessment’s advice. of Yang County Yang emergency shelter as a whole. on the reserve County land of government. Combine characteristic natural and human landscape resources in Mian County to It is planned to increase 5km in the 44km slow traffic system that is originally construct green leisure Slow traffic planned. After on-site survey by social assessment organization, we know slow-traffic system, reconstruct project of that, if the length is increased, two small enterprises and more than ten Retain the 5 or newly build bicycle path, Mian households along the road need to be demolished, and the current design original design non-motor vehicle courier County has already met the goal of slow traffic system serving local green leisure station, service facilities, travel. So it is advised to retain the original design of feasibility. greening facilities and signs, with a total length of about 44km. Constructi Newly construct Beichen The site of Beichen Shelter Square is collective land of Xinqiao Village of Chengghuan Beichen Shelter 6 on of Shelter Square and Subdistrict of Shiquan County. Social assessment personnel thought there’s difficulty in Square project Beichen Chengdong Square. The total processing land acquisition procedure, and the period is long, which will influence the is canceled.

156 Contents of feasibility Contents of former engineering No. Project feasibility engineering Social assessment advices construction construction after adopting advices Emergenc area is 23,107m2, in which, the progress of the entire project construction. So it is advised to adjust the site. Feasibility y Shelter area of Beichen Shelter and responsible organizations of the Shiquan County has canceled the suggestion to build Square of Square is 11,107m2, and the Beichen Shelter Square after study. Shiquan area of Chengdong Square is County 12,000m2.

157 8.2 Conclusion 8.2.1 Helpful to infrastructure improvement From the field survey and public participation, it can be seen that in the project area the local government, local people and enterprises and other institutions are not satisfied with the current status of the infrastructure and its construction standards. The lagging infrastructure is the main reason of the slow local economic development and low living standards of the masses, which is the common view of people of the local people in the project area. The villagers generally think the lagging infrastructure conditions on the one hand results in the slow local economic development has been, the features, benefits, and aquaculture of its breeding are difficult to play an effective and more difficult to push to the market; on the other hand, it is difficult to attract investment from other places. When businessmen take the infrastructure status conditions into account and estimate production costs, they are often reluctant to invest or invest small and medium-sized businesses. After producing for a few years, if the profit is not satisfactory, they will abandon the enterprises, which is not conducive to pull on the local economic development, but harm the local environment. And the third, it is high-cost, time-consuming. labor-intensive and less secure for local people go out, which affect their connection with the world outside and timely access to information. The fourth it affects the development of local tourism. Because of lack of transport, the tourist attractions develop very slow, so tourism contributes a little to the local economy, which is not compatible with local rich tourism resources. For this reason, the people in the project area show great enthusiasm to the construction of the project and eager to take part in the construction of the project. 8.2.2 Helpful to reducing poverty The project area is a traditional agricultural region. Although the urbanization construction promotes local economic and social development steadily, as a result of society's many reasons during the history, the poverty alleviation is still a key question that needs to be solved in this area for a long time. There are many reasons of poverty in project affected areas, but unimproved living and investment environments have already become the key

158 factors for occurrence of poverty. Poverty relief effect of project implementation in project areas is represented in: first, by perfecting local traffic condition, it would facilitate the development of third industry, and improve economic income of public in project areas; second, through perfecting living and investment environment, it would increase employment opportunities, and promote regional economic development, thus improving incomes of public; third, it would directly perfect infrastructure construction condition of project affected areas, continuously expand market of local characteristic industries, for example, cultivation and deep processing of agricultural products, R&D and sale of relevant products, gradually develop these into a local leading industry, and promote regional economic development; forth, through perfecting infrastructure construction, it would attract more tourists from outside, develop local tourism industry, and enhance relevant service industries in project areas, so as to increase income of public. In addition, after perfection of living condition in project implementation areas, information transfer will be more convenient. It is beneficial for thought renewal of public, and provides basis for economic development and poverty relief. The first step for poverty relief is enriching knowledge. Perfection of infrastructure will definitely broaden people’s view, and increase their knowledge, thereby finally change concept and awareness of local cadres and public. Thus it can achieve the purpose of poverty relief. 8.2.3 Beneficial to all people and not producing wealth polarization Found in the survey, most people in the project area think the project construction does not produce polarization between the rich and the poor. The Socioeconomic development in the project area will increase due to the completion of projects. And there are strong industries which will promote the development of area. For vulnerable groups in the project area, the project will enhance and improve their production and living conditions. 8.2.4 Beneficial to local women Found in the survey, women in areas with better living conditions have higher position than that in backward areas. The improvement of women's status depends on the improvement of their education level and economic status, and also depends on the transformation of their ideology. The

159 traditional agricultural production mode restricts the ability of women, and also has very big restriction on the realization of equality of men and women. The women in better conditions of human settlements have more opportunities to find jobs and improve their economic status greatly. Especially migrant work endows them independent economy, which directly or indirectly improves the status of women. The women in the project: a) Women of the project area participate actively in project selection. During the survey, the expert panel found that women in project village took active role in selection of project. Especially during feasibility report and and demonstration stage, women participated in symposium, assessment meeting and resident representative conference, especially supported road reconstruction project, and village community water supply, drainage pipeline and sewage processing. b) In public consultation, seminars and other project advisory activities, women took part actively and spoke out their views, and voluntarily accept interviews and participated in focus group interviews. During the public consultation, the role of women was highlighted, which is manifested as proportion of women accounts for 43% in every forum. Women spoke enthusiastically, to express their ideas and comments in an unique perspective. c) From their own perspectives, women put forward unique understanding for a number of subprojects. They expressed special support for some projects, for example, construction of disaster shelter square. Women like to dance on the square for exercise and health. But due to tight land resources, they can only find some commercial land for exercise, which often cause contradictions with merchants and other residents. Hence, construction of disaster shelter square becomes their biggest concern. Women also care about the issues like reconstruction of old streets and lanes. Except for narrow and uneven road, in many areas, it lacks lighting facilities in old streets and lanes, and causes safety hazards for going out at night. Through project implementation, it can update antiquated infrastructures, increase lighting facilities, which relived women’s worry about themselves’ and children’s travel. d) Women show a strong will to involve in the project and make recommendations. Under the circumstances that male young and middle-aged

160 workforce in project communities (villages) universally go out to work, women generally stay at home and take care of families. But in our Survey, women are more willing to participate in project. Most women said they have free time, and hoped to participate in such project activities as training of characteristic manual skill and planting technique. A lot of women expressed that they want to participate in such kind of training, so that they can increase economic income of their families on the basis of learning new techniques. e) Because the gender advantages, women themselves have unique angle of view and exquisite skill, and they are suitable for handcrafts. We suggest that the project has a number of handicraft training programs to give priority to the training of local women. Then combining women's unique advantage for handicraft production, they can have the chance to show their own advantages. f) There are some services and sanitation services in the project. Since many women stay at home in project implementation areas, apart from cultivating children and attending the aged, women can also participate in these services to increase their family incomes.

8.3 Suggestions For the construction of the project, the opinions and suggestions from the local people are as follows. ` （1） To plan and design the construction reasonably, and to reduce the LA&r as far as possible. （2） In areas affected by land acquisition and house demolition, people hope to get economic compensation and work opportunity as far as possible to ensure their standard of living for resettlement compensation. In the compensation payment process, it should be fair, just and transparent, and subject to public and social supervision. （3）For the environmental impact of the project construction, the local people hope to strengthen environmental protection measures and to reduce the adverse effects of environment. （4）During the project construction, it should hire local public as far as possible to increase their income.

161 For the construction of this project, the opinions and suggestions for subdistrict office or town government in the project area are: （ 1 ） Coverage of urban renewal plan should be wider, to truly solve current inconvenient problem of production and living for public in cities and towns. （2）In project construction, local workforce is expected to be hired, local road construction material should be given priority, so as to promote development of relevant industries. （3） Project construction plan involves the benefits of many sectors. It is advised to deal with the relations, complete project construction without a hitch, so that it can finally serve local development. For the construction of this project, the opinions and suggestions from the social assessment report are: 1） During the implementation of the project , the relevant administrative departments and the implementing organ should set up the mechanism of disclosure, public participation and appeal, publicize the significance of the project construction, strive for the understanding and support of the public in the project area, and ensure that the negative impact of the project on the local people to the minimal. At the same time, because of the long living in the project area, the people on local place are more familiar with the local conditions, relevant agencies should listen more to their "local knowledge" in order to e,and in order that after completion of the project, the efficiency of the project can be maximized. 2） Related with above suggestions, in order to further manifest the public participation in the project implementation process, we suggest the project implementation county/district support the establishment of non-official organization participated by the public, such as the project implementation advisory panel or the information service group, whose members include affected populace representative, the resident representative (woman representative), the impoverished family representative, the public figure, the technical personnel, and experts or scholars. They can reflect any problems to the implementing organ during the project implementation, and put forward any suggestions. Because they understand the socioeconomic situation and the

162 life and production of local society, know the issues and problems of local people’s care, they can find and solve the problems in time, minimize the latent risk, and create beneficiary conditions to fulfill the project successfully. 3） To guarantee the implementation of the articles on gender in social security policy of World Bank, and relive the social injustice caused by gender difference and enhance the integration of women and vulnerable groups in project implementation period, it is recommended that project management office and project implementation units (and professional consultants dedicated to these activities) shall assign personnel to be responsible for the implementation of women’s participation in project and relevant activities of ability improvement. Special indexes should be designed in tracking assessment of project implementation to carry out monitoring, and the corresponding index of women’s participation should be included in framework of project result. (Please refer to section 3.4 “Gender Issue and Women’s Development” for the details of relevant analysis and recommendation.) 4） To fully and carefully consider the interests of local people. The project area is located in the mountainous region of ., while the vast majority of local people express support for the project, but they can only solve the problem of food and clothing. During the project implementation, the project office should consider fully and carefully the interests of local people, reduce or avoid the negative effect of the project, and avoid the new problems of poverty caused by the project implementation. 5） During the construction of the project, more chances to get income should be given to local people, such as employment and purchase goods from them. At the same time, for some technical work, the local people should be trained to learn the skills to do the relevant work. 6） The social development of the 6 project districts or counties have some differences, but some of the basic features of economic development are common. Therefore, we propose that all-level project offices should be good at summarize the construction experiences in their own area, and should learn effective practices and policies from other areas. Information notification system should be set up in project implementation counties and districts for timely sharing project implementation policy and information.

163 7） When confirming the project implementation plan, it should take the requirements of public in proposed project implementation areas that detected from social assessment survey as the basis, to give full play to the social significance of project construction, so that it can better serve for poverty relief, development of production, perfection of living of local public.

164 Attachments:

Above picture shows relevant document issued by Mian County People’s Government Office.

165 Above picture shows relevant document issued by Mian County People’s Government Office.

166 Above picture shows project related document issued by Bureau of Land Resources of Mian County.

167 Above picture shows sign-in sheet of public opinion discussion meeting in Mian County.

168 Above picture shows meeting summary of Development and Reform Bureau in Yang County.

169 Above picture shows summary of public opinion discussion meeting of Yangzhou Subdistrict of Yang County.

170 Above picture shows summary of public opinion discussion meeting of Yang County.

171 Above picture shows summary of public opinion discussion meeting of Ziyang County.

172 Above picture shows the summary of discussion meeting of Ziyang Middle School.

173 Above picture shows sign-in sheet of public opinion discussion meeting of Ziyang County.

174