The Phenomenon Revisited

“The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Regional Economic and Social Development”

Professor Alan Barrell

Technical University – Leuven May 29th 2009 A Preview

▪ Deep Roots in History – and Today’s World - Context ▪ There was always great Science and Technology…. ▪ The University has been key….but not the only key... ▪ A relatively recent Genesis of Creativity ▪ The “ Cambridge Phenomenon” – critical elements in retrospect ▪ The Entrepreneurial Influence – Entrepreneurs DO change the World ! – They did in Cambridge ! ▪ Open Innovation and Community Purpose – PEOPLE and NETWORKS ▪ Performance and Prospects……Looking Ahead.

A Great University 800 Years Young

The University: ▪ Formed by scholars who settled in 1209 ▪ Has produced more Nobel Laureates than any other university, 86 in total ▪ Has 16,500 full time students and 150,000 alumni worldwide ▪ Has 31 colleges, including 3 graduate colleges ▪ The Chancellor is HRH The Duke of Edinburgh, Vice Chancellor Professor Alison Richard Just a few of the Great Discoverers Trinity College’s History and Scientific Development – Cambridge – Science, Innovation and Invention- since the 14th century

▪ Trinity always had a strong scientific tradition* ▪ First use of the word “scientist” 1835 (Whewell) ▪ First European Science Park – 1970 – Dr Sir John Bradfield

*Alumni include Newton, Clerk-Maxwell, Rayleigh, Thomson, Walton, Rutherford, Aston, Lyle, both Braggs, Bohr, Hopkins, Klug, Kendrew Cambridge and the Eastern Region

Traditional Industries •Agriculture and Food •Fishing •Leather goods - Footwear •Wool and Textiles •Now - 7.5 million people •One of UKs fastest growing Regions •Region governed by EEDA – East of Development Agency Cambridge in 1960 – was there a “wake – up call ?” ▪ Medieval City ▪ Great University and Seat of Learning ▪ Farmers ▪ Not much Industry ▪ Lots of Bicycles ▪ Entrepreneurs? Entrepreneurship? – “Town and Gown” – and Agriculture…. ▪ But things were changing…. But what does “The Eye on The Wider World” see out there today, and in more recent times ?

The Changing Horizon

Organisations Environment Issues

Technology The death of deference

Globalisation New employment patterns Global Dynamics – Manufacturing has Migrated

▪ Two fifths of the Worlds people live in the two fastest growing large economies – China and India ▪ Education, Wealth Creation and New Knowledge are at the heart of Economic Planning in Asia ▪ Growth in Asia is far ahead of Europe. ▪ Dynamic Growth in Manufacturing Base ▪ CASH is in place in the Asian economies – as well as brainpower- China has US$ 2 Trillions of reserves ▪ Labour and Material cost advantages +++++ Changes in Industrial Structure - UK % of Total Employment - UK Government Foresight Report 2001

100 90 80 70 Manufacturing 60

50 All Services 40 30 20 10 0 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Changes in Industrial Structure - Europe % of Total Employment

100 90 80 70 Manufacturing 60

50 All Services 40 30 20 10 0 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Manufacturing HAS Migrated !

Courtesy of Asia Pacific Foundation The West’s Competition ??

Courtesy of Asia Pacific Foundation Sources of Competitiveness

Learning Information

Creativity Risk

Speed Reputation

Cost Values Concerning Competition – Beware Arrogance – “Today’s Peacock is Tomorrow’s Feather Duster” Getting back to Cambridge and the Eastern Region – Where is most of the “Hi-Tech” Action?....

• Region is mostly Rural •Industry in the South – including “big Pharma” •Fishing largely finished •Some Engineering in Peterborough •Norwich in the North – largest City •Technology Cluster is around CAMBRIDGE •“The Greater Cambridge Partnership” Greater Cambridge Partnership Area ( GCP) – one of nine “Sub-regional Development Partnerships” in the Region 2002 GC Estimates Population: 750,000

FENLAND Jobs: 359,000 A1(M) (PART) GVA: £12.2bn

A10 Chatteris Littleport Ramsey

FOREST HEATHA11 HUNTINGDONSHIRE EAST (PART) Mildenhall Huntingdon A10 A14 A14

A1 Bury St Edmunds St Neots CAMBRIDGE A14 ST EDMUNDSBURY (PART) A11 SOUTH CAMBRIDGESHIRE Haverhill

A10 UTTLESFORD (PART)

Royston M11 Saffron Walden NORTH HERTFORDSHIRE (PART) Today – we find an Enterprise Society born of the Power of Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Networking – but it took time….

National economy

Regional economic development

Sub-regional development

Building communities of enterprise,social inclusion and common purpose And required….Entrepreneurship….

And that leads us to consider…. Creativity, Innovation, Discovery Culture, and Mindset – Historical Perspectives…and Timing. Because it wasn’t like that in 1960….

Jules Verne – “There is nothing more powerful than an idea whose time has come”….

And - Now….Let’s IMAGINE Einstein on IMAGINATION….

“Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the world”

Albert Einstein 1879 - 1955 So - thinking of Imagination….What’s different about Entrepreneurs ? “You look at things and ask - why? but I dream of things that never were and ask - why not?”

George Bernard Shaw Europe’s Entrepreneurial Imperitive – Josef Schumpeter - 1911

“Entrepreneurs blow gales of creative destruction.”

Role of the entrepreneur in transforming economies by developing: • New products • New methods of production • New ways of organizing • Untapped raw materials • Enhanced competitive performance Is The Cambridge Phenomenon an Example of a “Mini-Schumpeter Gale of Creative Destruction?” Charles Darwin – “Natural Selection Adaptability and Survival” Darwin’s Bicentenary this year. A Bioscience Entrepreneur Natural Selection, Adaptation, Symbiosis Synergy Incubation and Cluster Development

Can be true What for works for Companies Leaf Hoppers Including and Meat Biotech and Ants Informatics

Entrepreneurship – The bigger picture….Leading Social Change (Prof Shai Vyakarnam – Cambridge 2008)

India Migrations Single Within and into Economic system Berlin Wall Europe Hasselhof China

Is there a shift in Completely new markets economic centre of gravity?-from West to East….? Add the Impact and Timing of the Continuous Technology Revolution…. Compared to an average DAY in 2003….

1971 All international phone calls

1975 All airline passengers

1984 All mobile phones

1992 All emails

1998 All SMS

Source: Analysys, World Bank and ITU Three Converging Revolutions Three Pervasive Technology Platforms

BIO TECH Pharmaceuticals Genomics INFO TECH Diagnostics Bioinformatics Hardware Research/Info Proteomics Software Tools Communications Industrial Biosensors Biochips Bioelectronics Nanodevices Microfluidics Nanosensors Nanobiotechnology Nanoelectronics Drug Delivery NANO TECH Electrical Structural Biomedical Energy & Environment

1960 – The “Columbus Spirit” hits Cambridge – and a Cluster emerges

Cambridge University

Cambridge Consultants Ltd (1960)

P.A. Technology

The Technology Scientific Generics Symbionics Team Consulting Plextek Partnership

• Combined headcount of technology providers currently exceeds 2,500 in UK • PA Technology employs up to 2,500 Worldwide • Combined direct and indirect revenues estimated at $1,5 billions – ? more • PA technology – Revenues $750millions+ • Some players have seed funds • 70 identified spin-outs - highly successful incubator models From 1960 – Birth of the Worlds largest Industrial Ink Jet Cluster

Cambridge University

Cambridge Consultants Ltd spin-out 1960

Domino Willett Elmjet Ltd Linx Support to Xaar Printing International Printing Imaje Printing 1986 INCA Ltd Sciences Ltd Technologies (France) Technologies 1978 1983 1986 formed 1979 1990 2000

• Total current revenues $1.5 billion + • Total headcount 4,000+ • Major market share participation worldwide • Diaspora populates Ink Jet Industries in international locations • Ink Jet Cluster is enabling “Plastronics” Cluster. Revolution – Plastic Logic – “E-Reader” – already raised $250 millions! Cluster of Steve Barlow Caroline Robert Swann Garey Creativity – from Phil O’ Donovan Aphamosaic Smartbead James Collier Andrew Dames Technologies Acquired by Synaptics a single root Glenn Collinson Polatis Cambridge Silicon Mark Howard Acquired by Elumin Holotag Radio Richard Doyle founded by Dr. Hans Chris Andrew Dames Sensopad Wagner Davies Cyan Sentec Technologies Stuart Hendry Pelikon Andrew Dames Chris Fryer Technology Absolute Gavin Troughton Chris Sensors Adrian Lucas Sphere Medical Mike Willis Roger Pivotal Imerge Barnardo David Paton David Bending Roundpoint Millar Resources 3D Molecular Mike Willis Cambridge Physical Sciences Steve Temple INCA Digital Sciences Gordon Edge, Elizabeth Hill Xaar Printers Bob Pettigrew Mark Tracy Scientific Nigel Playford Bill Baxter Prelude QuantumBEAM Generics Will Eve Robert Hook Gordon Edge, Bob Graham Martin Paul Gordon Pettigrew, Alan Green Colin Gray Anson Tim Eiloart Edge Adaptive Screening ELMJET Diomed Tony Raven Mike Will Eve CCL Flying Null PA Mike Crossfield Payne Acquired by Graeme MintoDomino 1960 1970 TTP Videojet David Paton Ross Green, Mike Kellaway Robin Wavedriver Technologies Gerald Avison Smith-Saville Acquired by DCS Cambridge Signal PowerGen Mike Storey Mass Process Ltd Automation Richard Archer Symbionics Partnership Xennia Spectrometry Until 1985 Collin Demerged from Technologies Dennis Smithers TTP Group Alan Hudd Plextek TTPCom Fielder Myriad 1986-1990 Tony Milbourn Transversal John Cassells Barrie Griffiths David Yip Steve Mullock Kore ip.access David McKay Technology Acquired by 1991-1995 Acquired by Mettler-Toledo Cadence Ubinetics Ali TTP Acumen Pourtaheri Tality Ventures Bioscience 1996-2000 David Cornell TTP Richard Philpott Yuno Ltd Radiant Vivid Creativity LabTech John Cassells Networks Stephen Eason Partnership Fen Anne Miller Acquired by 2001-2002 Technology Vetura Tin Bustin, Ciaran McAleer Figure 2 – The hi-tech start-ups spawned from the Cambridge Consultants The emergence of high-technology clusters in Greater Cambridge

50,000 Some key

Cambridge Players University MRC Sinclair Laboratory Radionics Cambridge of Molecular 1960 Interactive Biology CCL System CAD Sinclair Centre Barclays Bank Research Ltd 1970 Glaxo Cambridge PA Eicon Nickerson Science Park Analysys Technology Research Biotech Ltd Laboratory Acorn Hitachi Olivetti Research Cambridge 1980 BP Laboratory Institute of Laboratory Seiko Epson (acquired by Biotechnolog AT&T in 1999) Judge Institute of St. John Research Scientific y Management Innovation TTP Ventures Lab Generics Studies Centre Cantab Pharmaceuticals Glaxo Institute Cambridge The Technology Cambridge Research and of Applied Research Partnership Innovation Ltd (CRIL) Pharmacology Laboratory TTP

1990 Amadeus Capital Unilever Cambridge Partners Centre for Molecular Institute of Informatics Entropic Research Manufacturing Cambridge Laboratory (acquired Network by Microsoft in 1999) 2000 What were the Characteristics coming into play – enabling Hi-Tech Cluster formation ?

▪ Universities and centres of academic excellence ▪ Entrepreneurs with marketable ideas and products ▪ angels and established seed funds ▪ Sources of early stage ▪ Core of successful large companies ▪ Quality management teams and talent ▪ Supportive infrastructure ▪ Affordable space for growing ▪ Access to capital markets ▪ Attractive living environment and accommodation ▪ Social and Business Networks

source :- Gibbons - Stanford University 1998 Proximity of Learning, Research and Practical Application “The Innovation Campus”

R&D Education

Applications

Where open innovation, symbiosis, synergy and new companies can thrive Completing the Jigsaw – putting technology to work

Customer Technology need

Innovative service company Completing the Jigsaw – Design and Service Delivery Innovation

Innovative Customer Technology service need company

Creating a New Paradigm Service Company….a New World Leader….

Thinking Of $$$$ and Angels! – How did Business Angels get that name ? Show me the MONEY ! “Syndication Nodes” and Business Angels – Connecting in and from Cambridge

▪ Cambridge has four active Angel Groups – Cambridge Angels, Cambridge Capital Group, Equus, G.Eastern Investment Forum ▪ MOUs and Syndication with- Other UK Angels, Sophia Angels ( France) Luxembourg BAN, B.A.of Slovenia,US Angels Networked with all known, useful VCs and Grant bodies ▪ Joint events, Deal and Portfolio Sharing ▪ Common Network and Portfolio Management - Angelsoft ▪ Keeping well informed – eg. French Wealth Tax changes – Transformational impact. ▪ Strong International VC connections Cambridge Venture Funds 2002- A financial “cluster” $$$$ follows Hi-Tech

FNI Venture Amadeus Capital ICT

CRIL Generics ET Capital Prelude Gateway TTP 3is

Lifesciences Avlar Merlin

Less than £1.0 million More than £3.0 million INVESTMENT SIZE - Cambridge only At the height of 1996- - UK only - UK and Europe 2000 “boom” there was as much as $$$$ 2.5 billions “in the pot” Today – “The Cambridge Phenomenon” – The University Embraces the Modern World – Entrepreneurship in action ▪ More spin offs from University research groups ▪ University people and ideas are now at the core of many of the new technology ventures ▪ University organisations have helped develop the infrastructure of the ‘cluster’ (eg, Trinity College and the Science Park; St John’s College and the Innovation Centre) ▪ Cambridge has become a magnet for hi-tech and biotech companies – ▪ Academia, Business, Professional Services, Public Policy – working together ▪ Business – University exchanges ++++ Collaborating with Business

The University greatly values its partnerships with industry Several models of effective working: ▪ Embedded labs Microsoft, Hitachi, Intel, Unilever ▪ International projects Boeing, BT, BAe Systems, Ford ▪ Research and company events e.g. Horizon seminars ▪ Knowledge Integration Communities e.g. Systems biology, pervasive computing ▪ Executive Education Building Consortia

Centre for Advanced Photonics and Electronics (CAPE) ▪ Interdisciplinary research centre of excellence in Electronics and Photonics ▪ Forge close working relationships with & between sector companies ▪ Enables knowledge exchange between leading researchers and industry Status: • £12M of Government funding agreed for world- class facilities • Key industry Strategic Partners identified • Anticipated launch: Spring 2004 Cambridge Enterprise

▪ Top Technology Transfer Performance Unit ▪ 72 Portfolio Companies ▪ Proof of Concept, Seed and Venture Funds ▪ Cambridge Discovery Fund ▪ Business Creation Unit and Incubator ▪ Emerging Technologies Support and Funding ▪ Contract Research Team ▪ Last year Revenues Euros 15 millions ▪ Integrated into the University and Business Community As we get momentum and the Cluster forms - Overlapping Technologies support Overlapping Business Clusters – Networking Potential ++++

HEALTH INFORMATION and COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY Medical Bio-informatics Telecoms services Medical devices and Networking scientific instruments Computing Bio-pharmaceuticals University/ Research Institutes Wireless

Inkjet printing

Sound & Medical Technology Consulting vision research

Publishing

Basic Research

KNOWLEDGE CREATION Education Entrepreneur Support and TheCentre for Entrepreneurial Learning (CfEL)A KEY element…. History:

▪ 1999 - Cambridge Entrepreneurship Centre (CEC)

▪ 2003 – Centre for Entrepreneurial Learning (CfEL) ▪ Run 40+ courses a year

CfEL Core Design Principles ▪ The best teachers are entrepreneurs ▪ Real-life businesses and problem solving ▪ Focus on the practical ▪ Action learning ▪ Development of own ideas ▪ Building confidence ▪ The power of communication and networking ▪ Explore synergies and make practical connections ▪ Access to network Judge Business School

Home of The Centre for Entrepreneuri al Learning - CfEL Who’s Who - CfEL Team

Dr. Shai Vyakarnam CfEL Director Katharine Price

Dr. Jo Mills How Do We Work? ▪ Curriculum development by CfEL ▪ Leverage external expertise to deliver – over 200 entrepreneurs and practitioners ▪ Highly customer focus ▪ Constant assessment on quality of programmes Stew McTavish Frances Bycroft ▪ Build on reputation for excellence to create further growth and expansion

Peter Hiscocks Arun Muthirulan (ACHIEVE)

Yupar Myint Orsi Ihasz CfEL’s Entrepreneurs in Residence

Alan Barrell Alex van Walter de Library House Someren Brouwer nCipher Founder of Starlab

Jack Lang Serial Entrepreneur

Dan Roach Avlar Bioventures

Richard Green Ann Cotton John Snyder Phil O’ Donovan Ubisense Camfed Grapeshot Camrivox International Entrepreneurship Activities within the Undergraduate Graduate Programmes Programmes

▪ Physics ▪ MBA ▪ Chemical Engineering ▪ Chemistry ▪ Materials Science ▪ Earth Science ▪ Computer Science ▪ Graduate School of Biological, Clinical, Medical ▪ Biochemistry and Veterinary Sciences ▪ Architecture

Emerging Technologies Entrepreneurship CfEL’s Programmes What Some new How to get my How to How to develop How to teach I want to entrepreneurship is all knowledge and idea started survive and and grow entrepreneurshi learn... about skills in business grow in the companies p planning early stages

I’m a CU student and want Undergraduate and Entrepreneurship Postgraduate Assessed as part of my degree Programmes I’m a student or member of staff Enterprise Enterprise Tuesday or local Tuesday (Term 2) entrepreneurial individual (Term 1) I’m a student Enterprisers Ignite: ‘Fast Tracking Innovation’ I’m a Solo Entrepreneur with a technology idea

I’m a Corporate Intrapreneur or Senior Entrepreneurial Managers’ Manager Programm e

I’m an entrepreneur or Summer an Forum entrepreneurial academic • Intensive one-week course for students, solo entrepreneurs and corporate innovators with technology/ knowledge ideas

• Focuses on developing a strategy for each participant’s new venture

• Tailored support to individual project needs through investment readiness, technical and market due diligence, mentoring and expert clinics

• Access to a network of valuable contacts and sources of investment - 100 contributors involved in delivering each programme

• Opportunity to pitch idea to a panel of 8th -14 July 2007 investors, entrepreneurs and corporate Cambridge venture heads • Successful nine year track record!

The Early Stage Business Balance – what do investors look for? In ANY innovative company ? What CfEL and CUTEC help create….driving “The Phenomenon”

Inspired

Leadership Management Creativity Enthusiasm Research & Process Bullshit Analysis Market Courage Caution Knowledge Vision Optimism Financial Control

And they like to see experienced Chairman and Directors - Mentors for Innovative young Companies Research into importance of Entrepreneur Social Networks – and how they build them – Myint and Vyakarnam A significant feature of Cambridge cluster: Highly Developed Social Networks of Entrepreneurs

“The majority of high technology companies that have shaped the success of Cambridge cluster are connected to a handful of serial entrepreneurs, business angels and venture capitalists” Cluster of RealVNC Virtual Network Merged with Level5Network Computing Andy Hopper Creativity 1. Steve Pope Globespan Ubisense Andy Hopper Peter Warton Andy Hopper Cambridge Andy Hopper Andy Ward Broadband IPV (Telemedia Acquired by Pete Acquired by American Acquired by AT &T Systems) Andy Hopper Western Virata(ATML) Microwave Steggles Adaptive Multiplex Simon Elliott Broadband Hermann Hauser Corp TerraPrise Amadeus Capital Partners VBN Olivetti Hermann Hauser online Tensails nCipher Research Lab Mike Muller Splashpower Richard Green Alex van Someren Andy Hopper Tudor Brown Acquired by Acquired by Nicko van Someren ARM Broadcom Lily Chang Jamie Urquhart GE ANT Element 14 Icera James Hay Richard Green Small Acquired by Alex van Someren Authur Chance World Olivetti Nicko van Someren Stan Boland Stan Boland Simon Knowles Simon Knowles Dick NewellCambridge Interactive Systems Part of DAKO John Snyder DakoCytomation - Dick Newell, Tom Sancha Diagnostics Webtop Acorn Merged with Charles Lang Hermann Hauser, Chris Keightley Shape Data Hermann IQ Bio Cytomation Inc Peter Duffett-Smith Smartlogik CAD Hauser Netchannel CPS Hermann Hauser Acquired by Acquired by Dialog Hermann Hauser Top Jack Lang NTL Cambridge Jack Lang Electronic Share Jack Lang express University Information Acquired by Muscat Laser-Scan Analysys CDT E* Trade John Snyder R. O. Frisch Enterprise David Cleevely Richard Friend Martin Porter Until 1985 Accelerator John Snyder Cambridge Richard Friend Adam Twiss 1986-1990 Semiconductor Zeus Plastic Logic David Reeves Technology Gehan Amaratunga Florin Udrea Pilgrim Beart David Cleevely ActiveRF ART 1991-1995 Cambridge Hermann Hauser Network Daniel Hall Collin Ager Alec Broers Antenova Garraint Davies Saviso Group Innovia Pilgrim Beart Polight Cambridge Adam Twiss Technologies 1996-2000 3G Bryan Amesbury Stephen Elliott David Cleevely Pavel Krecmer M-Spatial 2001-2002 Adrian Cuthbert Figure 1 - The hi-tech start-ups associated with the Cambridge UniversityJon Billing Cluster of Acquired by Creativity - Becker Underwood Merlin Biosciences 2 William Bains Chris Arakis John Caldwell Iain Cubitt Greg Winter Evans Pestex Changed its name Diversys Merged with Andy Amedis to MicroBio Group Xenova Richards pharmaceutic RiboTargets Group Ltd Microscience Vernalis Merlin Venturesal Simon Sturge Ark Therapeutics Chris Evans Chris Evans Iain Cubitt Martin Davies Acquired by Vectura Celsis Axis Genetcs Toad Greg Winter Chris Lowe Prometic ReNeuron Chris Evans Cerebrus BioRobotics Daivd Chiswell J. McCann Biovex Biosciences ChiroTech Chris Evans CAT Chris Evans Cambridge Inc Chris Evans Rapigene Alan Munro Sensors Chris Lowe Enviros Smart Enzymatix Cantab Merged by Chris Evans Chris Lowe Holograms Pharmaceuticals Celltech Chris Lowe Ken Jones Group MRC LMB Affinity chromatography Chris Evans Genzyme 1960s Chris Lowe Purely Daniel Roach Alan Goodman (UK) - AGC David Bailey LiDCO Proteins Alan Goodman 1984 1985 Philip Dean Terry O’Brien Alan De Novo CeNes Cambridge David Bailey Alan Goodman Goodman University AdproTech Alan Peter Lachmann CORE ATM Biotica Technology Goodman Alan Until 1985 Peter Leadlay Goodman Kudos Jim Staunton Daniel Roach Oxford Pharmaceuticals Alan Goodman Alan Bimedica . Mark Bodmer Stephen Jackson 1986-1990 Hexagen Goodman Peptide Acquired by Incyte Avlar Therapeutics BioVentures Metris Lorantis Alan Goodman Now Acambis Mark Bodmer 1991-1995 Therapeutics Daniel Roach Amura Paradigm Stephen Smith Salix Alan Therapeutics Steve Charnock-Jones pharmaceutical Goodman Holometrica Mark Carlton Astex Abcam Roger Millington Solexa Alan Sense Technology Jonathan Milner 1996-2000 Shankar Goodman Proteomics David Cleevely Tom Blundell Balasubramanian Jonathan Blackburn Jonathan Milner Chris Abell David Cleevely Harren Jhoti Cambridge Theranostics Paul Goldsmith Akubio MC Ivan Petyaev Daniolabs David Klenerman, Tony Minson 2001-2002 Figure 3 – The biotech start-ups from Cambridge University and other individuals

Entrepreneurial Overlap – “Joined Up Thinking and Actions” – Coherence and Common Purpose – Working Together

EDUCATION & INDUSTRY RESEARCH & including Universities BUSINESS

GOVERNMENT National & Local Building an Enterprise Society. Power of Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Networking- Building “bottom up”

National economy

Regional economic development

Sub-regional development

Building communities of enterprise,social inclusion and common purpose The Cambridge Phenomenon – Fulfilling the Potential – 2004 /2005 Report to Government “Greater Cambridge is one of the most dynamic sub- regions within the UK Economy”

➢ GDP growth 6.5% p.a. ( UK 3.4%, USA 3.8%) ➢ Employment Growth 5,000 p.a.(160,000 1971 – 2001) ➢ 3,500 High Technology businesses ➢ 50,000 High Technology jobs ➢ 80% Job Growth ( UK 16 % ) ➢ 360,000 jobs in total ➢ UK Exchequer tax take £5.5 billion ➢ Export value - £2.8 billion ➢ Gross Value Added - £12.2 billion ( 2001 ) The Greater Cambridge Partnership - GCP Super Sub-region

One of Europe’s Innovation Capitals

• University of Cambridge ranked No. 1 in Europe, No.4 in the world • International hub linked to finance and global markets • £12 billion+ economy; 750,000 people • 2,500+ hi-tech companies; 250 biotech companies • 60% company survival rate since 2000 • 30% of workforce employed in knowledge-based industries • European Union certified centre of excellence for innovation and hi-tech business • Where Entrepreneurship has driven positive development Greater Cambridge Area Profile

Rapid growth driven by commercialisation of new technologies for global markets

Geographic 25 miles / 40 km area: around Cambridge

Population: 750,000

High Tech 2,500 high-tech businesses Cluster: 250 bio-tech

Skilled 30% workforce educated labour force to first degree level

Local economy worth £12 billion+ (2005)

75,000 jobs planned to 2021

46,000 houses by 2016 Characteristics of Cambridge Incubators – IT, Bio. and Generalist types all exist – in a Science Park, Innovation Centre and Incubator base ▪ Research and Development and broad Technology skills base ▪ Commercial orientation and focus ▪ Marketing, Finance and Management capabilities in house ▪ Mentors and Advisors integrated ▪ Excellent Networking and Connectivity ▪ Flexible space availability and access Science and Innovation Parks

More science parks than in any other UK location

Tenants include: Kodak European Research • Babraham Bio-Incubator Toshiba Research Europe • Cambridge Research Park Epson (UK) Ltd • Pfizer • Granta Park Amgen Biosciences • Great Chesterford Research Park Napp Pharmaceuticals • Melbourn Science Park Genzyme Therapeutics Ltd • St John’s Innovation Centre Astra • Peterhouse Science Park GlaxoSmithKline Takeda Hitachi Microsoft Research Nokia The East of England Region Scale

Cambridge

source: Cambridge 2020 report - 1998 Sources of Competitive Advantage for Greater Cambridge – Entrepreneurial Leadership – brought Positive Innovative Change and offers prospects for MORE – A bright future beckons! ▪ Capacity for innovation – Creative Catalyst ▪ Diverse science base and research infrastructure ▪ Capability to diffuse knowledge and experience through collective learning and networking systems ▪ Leading to a functioning knowledge-based cluster ▪ Entrepreneurial business community – enthusiastic to participate in local, regional, national and international programmes of innovation, change and new business creation ▪ Centre for Entrepreneurial Learning in Judge Business School ▪ Open Culture – Community Spirit +++++ ▪ An Enterprise Society of Common Purpose and Social Inclusion – Entrepreneurial Integration and Leadership In Pursuit of Excellence !

“Excellence can be achieved, if we: Care more than others think is wise, Risk more than others think is safe, Dream more than others think is practical, Expect more than others think is possible.”

Deborah Johnson-Ross

Maybe Entrepreneurs think this way?.... If Academics and Public Policy makers do too….we have a powerful combination….which impacts upon Society and the whole Economy. Thank you for your attention….

More on my website –

www.alanbarrell.com

E-mail – [email protected]