DOCSLIB.ORG

Innovation and the Cambridge Phenomenon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Innovation and the Cambridge Phenomenon InnovationInnovation andand TheThe CambridgeCambridge PhenomenonPhenomenon Globalising Regional Performance through the Development of A Science Based Cluster – with other examples…. Visit of CNRS to Philips Medical Research Cambridge March 18th 2010 Alan Barrell – Entrepreneur in Residence Centre for Entrepreneurial Learning University of Cambridge A Preview…. Changing Dynamics of Globalisation The World, Nations, Regions and Sub- Regions Cambridge and other Regional Case Studies Science and Technology + People Power – powerful combinations Mindset and Culture Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Looking ahead….what next ? Starting at the Beginning -Does our “Eye on the World” see much change?....change?.... IS the World in Crisis during this period of Changes ? And what’s the BIGGEST CRISIS ? The Financial Crisis?…..TheThe CREDITCREDIT CRUNCHCRUNCH The Climate Crisis ?...... TheThe CARBONCARBON CRUNCHCRUNCH The Energy Crisis ?...... TheThe OILOIL CRUNCHCRUNCH And I haven’t mentioned FOOD or WATER……… The Changing Horizon – the DynamismDynamism and VelocityVelocity of Change…. Organisations Environment Issues Technology The death of deference Globalisation New employment patterns Are we focused on Sources of Competitiveness – or the means to success through Partnership and Progress ? Learning Information Creativity Risk Speed Reputation Cost Values Global Dynamics – where is a lot of the positive change happening ? – somewhere EAST of here! Two fifths of the Worlds people live in the two fastest growing large economies – China and India Education, Wealth Creation and New Knowledge are at the heart of Economic Planning in Asia Growth in Asia is far ahead of Europe. Dynamic Growth in Manufacturing Base CASH is in place in the Asian economies – as well as brainpower- China has US$ 2 Trillions of reserves Labour and Material cost advantages +++++ Asia and The Americas – power and influence…. CRISIS????? or OPPORTUNITY!!!!! 危机 MINDSETMINDSET cancan makemake THETHE DIFFERENCEDIFFERENCE –– betweenbetween GOODGOOD TIMESTIMES ANDAND BADBAD TIMESTIMES Changes in Industrial Structure - UK % of Total Employment - UK Government Foresight Report 2001 100 90 80 70 Manufacturing 60 50 All Services 40 30 20 10 0 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Changes in Industrial Structure - Europe % of Total Employment 100 90 80 70 Manufacturing 60 50 All Services 40 30 20 10 0 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 Manufacturing has MigratedMigrated !! The West’s Competition ?? Courtesy of Asia Pacific Foundation Sticking to those old ideas of Competition and Protection – “Today’s Proudest Peacock could be Tomorrow’s Feather Duster” “Challenges ahead for a world’s divideddivided economy. But the Borders areare opening up....” Source : The Economist TheThe WorldWorld becamebecame FlatFlat ........ Thomas Friedman Is it moving to be a World Without Borders ? 60 trillion EU - U.S $ EU EU - U.S – Asia - BRIC Market Value - Value Market GDP 1900 2000 year 0.5 bi 1 bi 2 bi customers The Changing World Economy - Regions are lining up. Concept of “The Globalised Region”- lets explore.... ? Some Questions about Optimising Regional Performance – in Science Based Regions Are their necessary pre-conditions for Science Based Cluster development ? Is the an Optimum Size / Scale ? How strong an influence is National Government Policy? Can we find Common Success Factors in Established Science Based Cluster Regions ? Is Global Presence and Success Common in our Exemplars ? Let’s look at one example…. CambridgeCambridge andand thethe EasternEastern RegionRegion –– aa TransformationTransformation Traditional Industries •Agriculture and Food •Fishing •Leather goods - Footwear •Wool and Textiles •7.5 million people now •Now One of UKs fastest growing •Traditional Industries dead, dying or gone away…. At the Heart of Cambridge– Its Greatest Local Asset - A Great University 800 Years YoungYoung The University: Formed by scholars who settled in 1209 Has produced more Nobel Laureates than any other university, 86 in total Has 16,500 full time students and 150,000 alumni worldwide Has 31 colleges, including 3 graduate colleges Outstanding Science and Technology Record And we have Anglia Ruskin and Global Reach and nine other Excellent Universities Connections in the Region – more great assets! Cambridge always had great Science and Scientists and Engineers…. Ideas that Changed the World – but not historically to the great benefit of Cambridge, the Region or the Nation Things have changed - Greater Cambridge Partnership Area today– one of Europe’s fastest growing…. A Transformation into a Leading Region through Science based Cluster Development 2002 GC Estimates Population: 750,000 FENLAND Jobs: 359,000 A (PART) 1 ( M 0 GVA: £12.2bn 1 ) A Chatteris Littleport Ramsey EAST FOREST HEATHA11 HUNTINGDONSHIRE CAMBRIDGESHIRE (PART) Mildenhall Huntingdon A10 A1 A14 1 4 A Bury St Edmunds St Neots CAMBRIDGE A14 ST EDMUNDSBURY (PART) A11 SOUTH CAMBRIDGESHIRE Haverhill 0 1 A UTTLESFORD (PART) Royston M 1 Saffron Walden 1 NORTH HERTFORDSHIRE (PART) The Greater Cambridge Partnership - GCP Super Sub-region – post 1960 Global Reach One of Europe’s Innovation Capitals • University of Cambridge ranked No. 1 in Europe, No.4 in the world • 25% of UK R&D investment – only 10% of population • International hub linked to finance and global markets • £12 billion+ economy; 750,000 people • 1,500+ hi-tech companies; 250 biotech companies • 30% of workforce employed in knowledge-based industries • European Union certified centre of excellence for innovation and hi-tech business • Where Entrepreneurship has driven positive development • Where the Science based Cluster has brought GLOBAL success The Cambridge Phenomenon – Fulfilling the Potential – 2005/6 Report to Government “Greater Cambridge is one of the most dynamic sub- regions within the UK Economy” ¾ GDP growth 6.5% p.a. ( UK 3.4%, USA 3.8%) ¾ Employment Growth 5,000 p.a.(160,000 1971 – 2001) ¾ 3,500 High Technology businesses ¾ 50,000 High Technology jobs ¾ 80% Job Growth ( UK 16 % ) ¾ 360,000 jobs in total ¾ UK Exchequer tax take £5.5 billion ¾ Export value - £2.8 billion ¾ Gross Value Added - £12.2 billion ( 2001 ) The East of England Region “Silicon Fen” Cambridge source: Cambridge 2020 report - 1998 Trinity – The First Cambridge Science Park Science and Innovation Parks – Assets for participating in a World Without Borders – Cambridge has made progress – Platform for Global Growth and Wealth Creation. More science parks than in any other UK location • Babraham Bio-Incubator Tenants include: • Cambridge Research Park Kodak European Research • Cambridge Science Park Toshiba Research Europe • Granta Park Epson (UK) Ltd Pfizer • Great Chesterford Research Park Amgen Biosciences • Melbourn Science Park Napp Pharmaceuticals • St John’s Innovation Centre Genzyme Therapeutics Ltd • Peterhouse Science Park Astra Zeneca GlaxoSmithKline And more are planned – Takeda Hauser Forum will open Hitachi 2010 – and more. Microsoft Research Nokia Global Companies emerged from the Cambridge Science Based Cluster….bridging Customer Needs and unexploited Technology Customer Technology need Innovative technology & service company Completing the Jigsaw – Design and Service Delivery Innovation Creativity Customer Technology and need Innovation Creating a New Paradigm ….a New World Leader…. Global from Day One – Heping create a Region of Global Significance Going Global… reaching $US 500K or exceeding $US 1 billion Key Components of Entrepreneurial Eco-system – Local start-ups and inward migration Cambridge University MRC Sinclair Laboratory Radionics Cambridge of Molecular 1960 Interactive Biology CCL System CAD Sinclair Research Ltd Centre Barclays Bank 1970 Glaxo Analysys Cambridge PA Eicon Nickerson Science Park Technology Research Ltd Biotech Olivetti Research Laboratory Laboratory Acorn Hitachi BP (acquired by Cambridge AT&T in 1999) 1980 Institute of Laboratory Seiko Epson Judge Business Biotechnolog The Wellcome Research St. John School Scientific y Trust Sanger Lab Innovation Generics Cantab Cambridge Centre TTP Ventures Toshiba Pharmaceuticals Gateway CHASE The Technology Cambridge Cambridge Research and Glaxo Institute Partnership Research ET Capital Innovation Ltd (CRIL) of Applied TTP Laboratory ERBI Pharmacology Unilever Cambridge 1990 GEIF Amadeus Capital Cambridge Centre for Molecular Cambridge Avlar Cambridge Partners Capital Group Informatics Network Institute of Enterprise Library Granta Park CUE, Biology CfEL (previously Manufacturing CMI House Cambridge in Business CEC) Microsoft Research Angels (previously Entropic Cambridge 3i Create 2000 Research) Research Babraham EPSON Kodak Partners Park Bioincubator Enterprise Link Figure 1 - The hi-tech start-ups associated with the Cambridge University – Many Global Connections RealVNC Andy HopperVirtual Network Merged with Level5Network Andy Hopper Steve Pope Computing Globespan Ubisense Andy Hopper Peter Warton Andy Hopper Cambridge Andy Hopper Andy Ward Broadband Acquired by IPV (Telemedia Hermann Hauser Acquired by American Pete Acquired by AT &T Western Systems) Virata(ATML)Andy Hopper Microwave Steggles Adaptive Multiplex Simon Elliott Broadband Hermann Hauser Corp David Cleevely TerraPrise Amadeus Capital Partners VBN Olivetti Hermann Hauser online Tensails nCipher Research Lab Mike Muller Splashpower Richard Green Alex van Someren Andy Hopper Tudor Brown Acquired by Acquired by Nicko van Someren ARM Broadcom Lily Chang GE Jamie Urquhart ANT Element 14 Icera James Hay Richard Green
Load more

Recommended publications
  • This Work Is Distributed As a Discussion Paper by The
    This work is distributed as a Discussion Paper by the STANFORD INSTITUTE FOR ECONOMIC POLICY RESEARCH SIEPR Discussion Paper No. 00-42 Agglomeration and Growth: A Study of the Cambridge Hi-Tech Cluster Suma S. Athreye The Open University June 2001 Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305 (650) 725-1874 The Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research at Stanford University supports research bearing on economic and public policy issues. The SIEPR Discussion Paper Series reports on research and policy analysis conducted by researchers affiliated with the Institute. Working papers in this series reflect the views of the authors and not necessarily those of the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research or Stanford University. ____________ 18 July 2000 This version: 15 June 2001 * AGGLOMERATION AND GROWTH: A STUDY OF THE CAMBRIDGE HI-TECH CLUSTER SUMA S. ATHREYE Lecturer in Economics Faculty of Social Sciences The Open University Walton Hall; Milton Keynes MK7 6AA E-mail address:[email protected] ABSTRACT: This chapter is an empirical study of the growth and change in the Cambridge high technology cluster. Cambridge shows the paradoxical co-existence of vastly smaller scale outcomes but many qualitative similarities to Silicon Valley. Our main questions from the empirical enquiry in this chapter are broad: First, how has the Cambridge hi-technology cluster changed and grown overtime? Secondly, we are interested in what sorts of microeconomic factors explain these bigger changes. With an understanding of these two questions we draw some implications of the Cambridge story for our understanding of what kinds of agglomeration economies and externalities were important to the growth of the Cambridge cluster.
    [Show full text]
  • Cambridge Public Policy
    Centre for Science and Policy The Sciences and Technology in the Service of Society Annual Report, 2011 Dr David Cleevely, Founding Director and Dr Chris Tyler, Executive Director December 2011 The Centre for Science and Policy provides a unique pathway between academic research and public policy. By providing a neutral platform for debate and discussion, CSaP has enabled the development of many productive connections between researchers in the sciences and engineering and policy makers in government and industry. 2011 has seen the launch and expansion of our flagship Policy Fellowships Programme, and the delivery of many influential Policy Workshops, Distinguished Lectures and Professional Development Policy Seminars. In addition, the Centre has continued its support for Cambridge Public Policy and the establishment of a Master’s in Public Policy, and taken its first steps towards developing a research programme on the relationship between science and policy making. Centre for Science and Policy Third Annual Report (December 2011) Contents The Centre for Science and Policy in 2011 02 Themes 05 Policy Fellowships Programme 08 Policy Workshops 12 Professional Development 14 Lecture Series 16 Cambridge Public Policy 18 Science and Policy Research 21 Executive Committee 22 Associate Fellows 23 The Team 24 Financial Report – Year to 31 July 2011 25 A Note of Thanks 26 The Centre for Science and Policy in 2011 Dr David Cleevely FREng, Founding Director, and Dr Chris Tyler, Executive Director Connections between research and policy have never been more important. Meeting global and national challenges – from climate change to growth in the economy – relies heavily on advances in knowledge and technology; as a result, national governments and multinational institutions around the world are looking for better ways to interact with the research base and to achieve greater impact from the work that is done there.
    [Show full text]
  • The Cambridge Phenomenon Revisited
    The Cambridge Phenomenon Revisited “The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Regional Economic and Social Development” Professor Alan Barrell Technical University – Leuven May 29th 2009 A Preview ▪ Deep Roots in History – and Today’s World - Context ▪ There was always great Science and Technology…. ▪ The University has been key….but not the only key... ▪ A relatively recent Genesis of Creativity ▪ The “ Cambridge Phenomenon” – critical elements in retrospect ▪ The Entrepreneurial Influence – Entrepreneurs DO change the World ! – They did in Cambridge ! ▪ Open Innovation and Community Purpose – PEOPLE and NETWORKS ▪ Performance and Prospects……Looking Ahead. A Great University 800 Years Young The University: ▪ Formed by scholars who settled in 1209 ▪ Has produced more Nobel Laureates than any other university, 86 in total ▪ Has 16,500 full time students and 150,000 alumni worldwide ▪ Has 31 colleges, including 3 graduate colleges ▪ The Chancellor is HRH The Duke of Edinburgh, Vice Chancellor Professor Alison Richard Just a few of the Great Discoverers Trinity College’s History and Scientific Development – Cambridge – Science, Innovation and Invention- since the 14th century ▪ Trinity always had a strong scientific tradition* ▪ First use of the word “scientist” 1835 (Whewell) ▪ First European Science Park – 1970 – Dr Sir John Bradfield *Alumni include Newton, Clerk-Maxwell, Rayleigh, Thomson, Walton, Rutherford, Aston, Lyle, both Braggs, Bohr, Hopkins, Klug, Kendrew Cambridge and the Eastern Region Traditional Industries •Agriculture and Food •Fishing •Leather goods - Footwear •Wool and Textiles •Now - 7.5 million people •One of UKs fastest growing Regions •Region governed by EEDA – East of England Development Agency Cambridge in 1960 – was there a “wake – up call ?” ▪ Medieval City ▪ Great University and Seat of Learning ▪ Farmers ▪ Not much Industry ▪ Lots of Bicycles ▪ Entrepreneurs? Entrepreneurship? – “Town and Gown” – and Agriculture….
    [Show full text]
  • Innovation and Entrepreneuring Cambridge Summary Report
    Industry Agenda Innovation and Entrepreneuring Cambridge Summary Report University of Cambridge, United Kingdom 21 April 2015 June 2015 Contents Introduction 3 Highlights 4 Discussion Summary 5 Synthesis and Next steps 12 List of Participants 13 World Economic Forum® © 2015 – All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or Transmitted in any form or by any means, including Photocopying and recording, or by any information Storage and retrieval system. REF 080615 Introduction In April 2014, a first-of-its-kind meeting in Cambridge, In April 2015, the second meeting in the series took place Massachusetts (USA) brought together leaders of large at another Cambridge – in the United Kingdom. Between multinational companies, entrepreneurs, founders of 1994 and 1998, more than 1,000 high-tech companies small start-ups, policy-makers and other experts to established offices in the so-called “Silicon Fen”, located at address collaborative innovation and entrepreneurship the southern end of the English Fenland and just outside in today’s complex and quickly changing world. Thus, the university town of Cambridge. In 2004, 24% of all the World Economic Forum’s series on innovation and the United Kingdom’s venture capital and roughly 8% of “entrepreneuring” was born. the European Union’s was from Silicon Fen companies. This so-called “Cambridge phenomenon”, where start- With one of the highest concentrations of venture capital up companies proliferated in a town that previously had investment per person of all US cities, the Boston/ only minimal light industry in the electrical sector, is usually Cambridge area enjoys the scale, density and intellectual dated back to the founding of the Cambridge Science Park power that fosters an ideal setting for innovation, in 1970 by Trinity College of Cambridge University.
    [Show full text]