DOCSLIB.ORG

1- Covers.P65

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1- Covers.P65 This item is a finding aid to a ProQuest Research Collection in Microform. To learn more visit: www.proquest.com or call (800) 521-0600 This product is no longer affiliated or otherwise associated with any LexisNexis® company. Please contact ProQuest® with any questions or comments related to this product. About ProQuest: ProQuest connects people with vetted, reliable information. Key to serious research, the company has forged a 70-year reputation as a gateway to the world’s knowledge – from dissertations to governmental and cultural archives to news, in all its forms. Its role is essential to libraries and other organizations whose missions depend on the delivery of complete, trustworthy information. 789 E. Eisenhower Parkway ￭ P.O Box 1346 ￭ Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 ￭ USA ￭ Tel: 734.461.4700 ￭ Toll-free 800-521-0600 ￭ www.proquest.com A Guide to the Microfilm Edition of Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files IRAQ February 1963–1966 Part 1: Political, Governmental, and National Defense Affairs A UPA Collection from Confidential U.S. State Department Central Files IRAQ February 1963–1966 PART 1: POLITICAL, GOVERNMENTAL, AND NATIONAL DEFENSE AFFAIRS Subject-Numeric Categories: AID, CSM, DEF, and POL Project Coordinator Robert E. Lester Guide compiled by Kristen M. Taynor A UPA Collection from 7500 Old Georgetown Road • Bethesda, MD 20814-6126 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Iraq, February 1963–1966 [microform] / project coordinator, Robert E. Lester. microfilm reels; 35 mm. Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Iraq, February 1963–1966 Summary: Reproduces documents from the records of the U.S. Department of State in the custody of the National Archives. Accompanied by a printed guide compiled by Kristen M. Taynor, entitled: A guide to the microfilm edition of Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Iraq, February 1963–1966. ISBN 0-88692-749-8 1. United States—Foreign relations—Iraq—Sources. 2. Iraq—Foreign relations—United States—Sources. 3. Iraq—Politics and government—1958— Sources. I. Lester, Robert. II. Taynor, Kristen M. 1978– . III. United States. Dept. of State. IV. University Publications of America (Firm) V. Title: Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Iraq, February 1963–1966. VI. Title: Iraq, February 1963–1966. VII. Title: Guide to the microfilm edition of Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Iraq, February 1963–1966. E183.8.157 327.73056709'046—dc22 2006045162 CIP The documents reproduced in this publication are among the records of the U.S. Department of State in the custody of the National Archives of the United States. No copyright is claimed in these official U.S. government records. Copyright © 2006 LexisNexis, a division of Reed Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ISBN 0-88692-749-8. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Scope and Content Note ........................................................................................... v Source Note ................................................................................................................ ix Editorial Note ............................................................................................................. ix State Department Records Classification System, February 1963–July 1973..... xi Subject File Outlines (with Secondary File Designations) ................................ xvii Country Abbreviations .......................................................................................... xix Sample Reel Index Entries ........................................................................................ xxix Abbreviations ............................................................................................................. xxxi Reel Index Reel 1 Aid [Foreign Economic Assistance] (AID) ........................................................... 1 Communism (CSM) ............................................................................................. 2 Defense Affairs (DEF) ......................................................................................... 3 Political Affairs and Relations (POL).................................................................... 5 Reels 2–3 Political Affairs and Relations (POL) cont............................................................ 5 Reel 4 Political Affairs and Relations (POL) cont............................................................ 11 Aid [Foreign Economic Assistance] (AID) ........................................................... 16 Reel 5 Aid [Foreign Economic Assistance] (AID) cont. .................................................. 16 Reel 6 Aid [Foreign Economic Assistance] (AID) cont. .................................................. 18 Communism (CSM) ............................................................................................. 19 Defense Affairs (DEF) ......................................................................................... 19 Political Affairs and Relations (POL).................................................................... 20 Reels 7–10 Political Affairs and Relations (POL) cont............................................................ 22 Subject Index.............................................................................................................. 35 iii SCOPE AND CONTENT NOTE The U.S. State Department Central Files are the definitive source of American diplomatic reporting on political, military, social, and economic developments throughout the world in the twentieth century. This edition consists of the Central Files for Iraq for the period between February 1963 and 1966. The files are arranged according to the State Department Records Classification System, February 1963–1973. The subjects from the classification system included in this edition are AID (Foreign Economic Assistance), CSM (Communism), DEF (Defense Affairs), and POL (Political Affairs and Relations). The files consist of cables and letters sent and received by U.S. diplomats and embassy personnel; reports on meetings between U.S. and foreign government officials and leaders; newspaper clippings and translations from journals and newspapers; transcripts of speeches; and reports and observations on political, military, and social affairs. This edition of the Central Files for Iraq consists of two different sections. The first section contains only files from February to December 1963 and covers AID, CSM, DEF, and POL. The collection then starts over at the end of Reel 4 in the AID section for the remaining years of 1964–1966 and continues in this vein with the remaining categories of CSM, DEF, and POL for 1964– 1966. The events and aftereffects of two successful coup attempts in 1963 may explain the need to delineate the collection by date as well as subject. Major topics for all years include internal political and social instability due to numerous successful and unsuccessful coup attempts as well as the various minority ethnic and political groups vying for representation and power, the ongoing conflict with Kurdish fighters in the north and the subsequent tension this created for Iraq domestically and diplomatically, and external tensions and pressures from Iraq’s neighbors in the Middle East as well as from competing U.S.-USSR ideologies. The first section begins with all documents pertaining to the period between February and December 1963. The 1963 documents contain a brief AID series that outlines proposed economic, agricultural, and technical relief programs from both U.S. allies and the Soviet bloc. The researcher will find diplomatic discussions on the relationship between aid programs and communism, notably the desire to lessen Iraq’s dependency on Soviet aid and increase dependence on the United States and its allies. Specific food and medical aid v to Kurdish areas also figures prominently in this section. Within the Food for Peace program, for example, specific attention is given to the needs in Kurdish areas due to prolonged fighting. Extensive lists of agricultural commodities shipped to Iraq as part of the Food for Peace program will give researchers a general sense of agricultural prices, currency rates, and the food supply situation in Iraq. The Iraqi government also continually asked for technical assistance from the Tennessee Valley Authority on a fertilizer plant project, which is prominently covered in this section. Following the AID section is a brief CSM section. The CSM section mainly deals with communism as it relates to internal Iraqi security, namely the Kurdish conflict. Communism is often linked with relief efforts and support to Kurdish rebels as well as the Abdul Karim Qassim government. The Qassim government had close ties to the USSR, but it was overthrown in February 1963 by an anti-Communist movement. Researchers can thus see a nation in transition, trying to establish its own legitimacy and a healthy dependence on outside forces. The DEF category follows CSM and mainly covers proposed arms sales to Iraq from various foreign governments. Due to the overthrow of the Qassim government, the new Iraqi leaders begin to turn to the United States and its allies in lieu of continued support from the Soviet bloc. A portion of the DEF category also deals with the Syro-Iraqi military union with international reaction to the pact. The POL category constitutes the largest portion of the 1963 files and the collection as a whole. The POL category begins with a series of Joint Weeka reports
Load more

Recommended publications
  • THE 14Th RAMADÄN COUP in IRAQ*
    ASIAN AND AFRICAN STUDIES, 2008, 2, 155-178 THE 14th RAMADÄN COUP IN IRAQ* Karol R. SORBY Institute of Oriental Studies, Slovak Academy of Sciences Klemensova 19, 813 64 Bratislava, Slovakia kaorkaso @ savba. sk The 14th Ramadän 1382 (8th February 1963) coup that finally put an end to the regime of cAbdalkarTm Qäsim came from the Arab nationalist quarter; no other element in the political spectrum was prepared to undertake the task. The Communists and the left still tacitly supported cAbdalkarīm Qäsim, and in any event they had too little support in the army officer corps. The Kurds had weakened the fighting capacity of the army, but they were in no position to overthrow the regime by themselves. However, there was no real unity of purpose among Arab nationalists beyond their common desire to be rid of the “Sole Leader” (az-ZacTm al-Awhad) and to reorient foreign policy toward some kind of union with other Arab countries. This action was no palace coup. The Bacthists and their nationalist allies only succeeded in gaining control of the government after a day of fierce fighting with the defenders of the regime, which cost hundreds of lives. At last the rebel forces broke through into the Ministry of Defence compound, capturing cAbdalkarīm Qäsim and his colleagues on 9 February. They were immediately brought before a tribunal of Bacthist and pan-Arab officers, sentenced to death and summarily shot. Keywords: the regime of cAbdalkarīm Qäsim; the coup of 8 February 1963; the Bacth Party; pan-Arab Iraqi Officers To overthrow a military dictatorship by civil resistance is a very difficult task.
    [Show full text]
  • Report Iraq: Travel Documents and Other Identity Documents
    l Report Iraq: Travel documents and other identity documents Report Iraq: Travel documents and other identity documents LANDINFO –16DECEMBER 2015 1 About Landinfo’s reports The Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo, is an independent body within the Norwegian Immigration Authorities. Landinfo provides country of origin information to the Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (Utlendingsdirektoratet – UDI), the Immigration Appeals Board (Utlendingsnemnda – UNE) and the Norwegian Ministry of Justice and Public Security. Reports produced by Landinfo are based on information from carefully selected sources. The information is researched and evaluated in accordance with common methodology for processing COI and Landinfo’s internal guidelines on source and information analysis. To ensure balanced reports, efforts are made to obtain information from a wide range of sources. Many of our reports draw on findings and interviews conducted on fact-finding missions. All sources used are referenced. Sources hesitant to provide information to be cited in a public report have retained anonymity. The reports do not provide exhaustive overviews of topics or themes, but cover aspects relevant for the processing of asylum and residency cases. Country of origin information presented in Landinfo’s reports does not contain policy recommendations nor does it reflect official Norwegian views. © Landinfo 2016 The material in this report is covered by copyright law. Any reproduction or publication of this report or any extract thereof other than as permitted by current Norwegian copyright law requires the explicit written consent of Landinfo. For information on all of the reports published by Landinfo, please contact: Landinfo Country of Origin Information Centre Storgata 33A P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Saddam Hussein
    Saddam Hussein ﺻﺪام ﺣﺴﻴﻦ :Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (/hʊˈseɪn/;[5] Arabic Marshal Ṣaddām Ḥusayn ʿAbd al-Maǧīd al-Tikrītī;[a] 28 April ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻤﺠﻴﺪ اﻟﺘﻜﺮﻳﺘﻲ 1937[b] – 30 December 2006) was President of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 Saddam Hussein ﺻﺪام ﺣﺴﻴﻦ April 2003.[10] A leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, and later, the Baghdad-based Ba'ath Party and its regional organization the Iraqi Ba'ath Party—which espoused Ba'athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and socialism—Saddam played a key role in the 1968 coup (later referred to as the 17 July Revolution) that brought the party to power inIraq . As vice president under the ailing General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, and at a time when many groups were considered capable of overthrowing the government, Saddam created security forces through which he tightly controlled conflicts between the government and the armed forces. In the early 1970s, Saddam nationalized oil and foreign banks leaving the system eventually insolvent mostly due to the Iran–Iraq War, the Gulf War, and UN sanctions.[11] Through the 1970s, Saddam cemented his authority over the apparatus of government as oil money helped Iraq's economy to grow at a rapid pace. Positions of power in the country were mostly filled with Sunni Arabs, a minority that made up only a fifth of the population.[12] Official portrait of Saddam Hussein in Saddam formally rose to power in 1979, although he had already been the de 1979 facto head of Iraq for several years.
    [Show full text]
  • Country of Origin Information Iraq
    COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION IRAQ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) October 2005 This report has been produced by UNHCR on the basis of information obtained from a variety of publicly available sources, analyses and comments. The purpose of the report is to serve as a reference for a breadth of country of origin information and thereby assists, inter alia, in the asylum determination process and when assessing the feasibility of returns to Iraq in safety and dignity. The information contained does not purport to be exhaustive with regard to conditions in the country surveyed, and incomplete, inaccurate or incorrect information cannot be ruled out. The inclusion of information in this report does not constitute an endorsement of the information or views of third parties. Neither does such information necessarily represent statements of policy or views of UNHCR or the United Nations. In particular the use of ethnic-sectarian terms such as ‘Shiite’, ‘Sunni’ or ‘Kurd’ does not constitute an endorsement of sectarianism but merely reflects the current realities on the ground (i.e. these groups should not be considered homogenous entities). ii Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................ III LIST OF ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................VII EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................ 1 A. INTRODUCTION
    [Show full text]
  • OPEC and the International System: a Political History of Decisions and Behavior Reza Sanati Florida International University, [email protected]
    Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 3-24-2014 OPEC and the International System: A Political History of Decisions and Behavior Reza Sanati Florida International University, [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FI14040875 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the International Relations Commons Recommended Citation Sanati, Reza, "OPEC and the International System: A Political History of Decisions and Behavior" (2014). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1149. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1149 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida OPEC AND THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM: A POLITICAL HISTORY OF DECISIONS AND BEHAVIOR A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS by Reza Sanati 2014 To: Dean Kenneth G. Furton College of Arts and Sciences This dissertation, written by Reza Sanati, and entitled OPEC and the International System: A Political History of Decisions and Behavior, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this dissertation and recommend that it be approved. _______________________________________ Thomas Breslin _______________________________________ Mira Wilkins _______________________________________ Ronald Cox _______________________________________ Mohiaddin Mesbahi, Major Professor Date of Defense: March 24, 2014 The dissertation of Reza Sanati is approved.
    [Show full text]
  • End of the Concessionary Regime: Oil and American Power in Iraq, 1958‐1972
    THE END OF THE CONCESSIONARY REGIME: OIL AND AMERICAN POWER IN IRAQ, 1958‐1972 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AND THE COMMITTEE ON GRADUATE STUDIES OF STANFORD UNIVERSITY IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Brandon Wolfe‐Hunnicutt March 2011 © 2011 by Brandon Roy Wolfe-Hunnicutt. All Rights Reserved. Re-distributed by Stanford University under license with the author. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/ This dissertation is online at: http://purl.stanford.edu/tm772zz7352 ii I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Joel Beinin, Primary Adviser I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Barton Bernstein I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Gordon Chang I certify that I have read this dissertation and that, in my opinion, it is fully adequate in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Robert Vitalis Approved for the Stanford University Committee on Graduate Studies. Patricia J. Gumport, Vice Provost Graduate Education This signature page was generated electronically upon submission of this dissertation in electronic format.
    [Show full text]
  • “Global War on Terror” Darryl Li
    Darryl Li / A Universal Enemy? DRAFT – 6 August 2009 A UNIVERSAL ENEMY?: LEGAL REGIMES OF EXCLUSION AND EXEMPTION UNDER THE “GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR” * DARRYL LI This essay argues that the ongoing U.S.-driven “Global War on Terror” stands apart from similar state campaigns in its special focus on confronting “foreign fighters” – armed transnational non-state Islamists operating outside their home countries – in places where the U.S. is no less foreign. This global hunt for foreign fighters animates diverse attempts to exclude similarly “out of place” Muslim migrants and travelers from legal protection by reshaping laws and policies on interrogation, detention, immigration, and citizenship. Yet at the same time, certain other outsiders – namely the U.S. and its allies – enjoy various forms of exemption from local legal accountability. This essay illustrates this braided logic of exclusion and exemption by juxtaposing the problems of extraordinary rendition and military contractor impunity in both post-war Bosnia- Herzegovina and post-invasion Iraq. This framework – which predates and will likely outlast the Bush administration – undermines the rule of law and state-building efforts and occludes crucial questions surrounding the legitimacy of how U.S. global power is exercised. This essay employs treaties, Bosnian, Iraqi, and U.S. statutes, cases, and regulations to reframe post-Cold War debates about nation-building and post-9/11 arguments about the laws of war. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1 I. FOREIGN FIGHTER, MUSLIM OUT OF PLACE, UNIVERSAL ENEMY: THE ENDURING LOGIC OF THE “GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR”.................................................................................... 5 A. The Foreign Fighter as Figure of Threat.................................................................... 8 B.
    [Show full text]
  • Dictionary of Modern Arab History Dictionary of Modern Arab History
    DICTIONARY OF MODERN ARAB HISTORY DICTIONARY OF MODERN ARAB HISTORY AN A TO Z OF OVER 2,000 ENTRIES FROM 1798 TO THE PRESENT DAY ROBIN BIDWELL WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY G. REX SMITH ~ ~~~1~;n~~~up LONDON AND NEW YORK First published in 1998 by Kegan Paul International This edition first published in 2010 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016 Routledge is an imprint ofthe Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © Estate of Robin Bidwell, 1998 Transferred to Digital Printing 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 10: 0-7103-0505-2 (hbk) ISBN 13: 978-0-7103-0505-3 (hbk) Publisher's Note The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent. The publisher has made every effort to contact original copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace. To Leila, with love PREFACE The publication of the late Robin Bidwell's Dictionary of Modern Arab History comes as good news.
    [Show full text]
  • OVERVIEW of the STATUS of WOMEN LIVING WITHOUT a SAFETY NET in IRAQ 22 May 2018 Public Theme Report Country Information Service
    OVERVIEW OF THE STATUS OF WOMEN LIVING WITHOUT A SAFETY NET IN IRAQ 22 May 2018 Public theme report Country Information Service 1 (61) Report MIG-1811583 06.03.00 22.05.2018 MIGDno-2018-40 Abstract This report is an overview of the situation of women living without a safety net provided by family or marriage in Iraq, and legal infringements against them which are not directly related to the armed conflict in the country. Furthermore, the report takes a brief look at the overall situation of women in Iraqi society. The community-based culture in Iraq has a major influence on the individual’s situation. Men have the main responsibility for their families and family honour, and most women are dependent on men for cultural reasons. Although there has been some change in attitudes, women’s lives are restricted by cultural norms. Women also face discrimination in the labour market and education. Women who violate these cultural norms can become victims of so-called honour violence. Living alone is not generally accepted in Iraq because it is considered inappropriate behaviour. Women can also face other legal infringements. In practice, a single woman has very poor chances of making a living independently. The report is based on various public sources, such as reports published by international organisations and research institutes and complementary news material, which the Finnish Immigration Service had access to at the time of writing this report. MIG-1811583 2 (61) Contents 1. Overview .................................................................................................................................. 4 2. Status of women in Iraq .......................................................................................................... 5 2.1. General information on the status of women in Iraq ...................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The World's Stateless 2020
    THE WORLD’S STATELESS DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY The Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion (ISI) is an independent non-proft organ- isation dedicated to promoting inclusive societies by realising and protecting the right to a nationality for all. Established in August 2014, ISI is the frst and only human rights NGO dedicated to working on statelessness at the global level. ISI is incorporated in the Netherlands, where it has Public Beneft Organisation (PBO) status. © Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion, March 2020 [email protected] - www.institutesi.org Cover photo © by David Kuko from Pexels ISBN: 9789082836660 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, translated or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion. Whilst the authors, editors and publisher have tried to ensure the accuracy of this publication, the publisher, authors and editors cannot accept responsibility for any errors, omissions, misstatements, or mistakes and accept no responsibility for the use of the information presented in this work. Disclaimer: All contributions in this publication refect the views of their respective au- thors. They do not necessarily refect the views of the institutions they work for or are afliated with, nor of the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion or the other authors who have contributed to this report. All text with no attribution
    [Show full text]
  • The Federal Government's Second Report on the Global Status Of
    The Federal Government’s Second Report on the Global Status of Freedom of Religion Reporting period 2018 – 2019 The wooden structure 7.5 metres high known as the “Ring for Peace” stands in the Luitpoldpark in Lindau on Lake Constance. It was erected to commemorate the 10th World Assembly of the NGO Religions for Peace in August 2019. Gisbert Baarmann, the sculptor who created the artwork, integrated 36 different kinds of wood from all over the world into it. The meeting in the Allgäu region in southern Germany brought together some 900 representatives of religious faiths from around 100 countries. © picture alliance / dpa / Carolin Gißibl 2 Federal Government Commissioner for Global Freedom of Religion and Member of the German Parliament, Markus Grübel. © RFB Dear readers, When an argument developed between a Christian agricultural worker and her co-workers in June 2009, little did she know that everything would change for her from that day. What happened next in that province in South Asia was to determine her life from that moment on and have massive repercussions worldwide. On the day in question, her fellow workers told her she was “un- clean” because of her faith. An argument ensued, in the course of which she was accused of blasphemy. It was claimed that she had insulted the Prophet Muhammad. In the days that followed, she was threatened by a mob and then arrested by the police and charged with blasphemy. In 2010, she was sentenced to death. When, years later, the sentence was overturned, protests erupted. Protesters called for the sentence to be upheld and the worker put to death.
    [Show full text]
  • Naturalization of the Foreign Athlete a Comparative Study of Iraqi, Emirati, French and Pjaee, 17 (9) (2020) South Koreanlegislation
    NATURALIZATION OF THE FOREIGN ATHLETE A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IRAQI, EMIRATI, FRENCH AND PJAEE, 17 (9) (2020) SOUTH KOREANLEGISLATION. NATURALIZATION OF THE FOREIGN ATHLETE A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IRAQI, EMIRATI, FRENCH AND SOUTH KOREAN LEGISLATION. M.D. Mohammed TaherQasim AL-Awjar Director of the Professional Master's Program in Sports Law College of Law - American University in the Emirates Prof. RaadMiqdadMahmood College of Law - University of Tikrit - Iraq Prof. RaadMiqdadMahmood; ,M.D. Mohammed TaherQasim AL-Awjar Naturalization of the foreign athlete A comparative study of Iraqi, Emirati, French and South Korean legislation. -- Palarch’s Journal Of Archaeology Of Egypt/Egyptology 17(9). ISSN 1567-214x Abstract Naturalization in general is the person's acquisition of a nationality that is proven to him after birth, even if some of the elements of acquiring it after birth, as the lesson is to fully enter into the nationality and to what extent this was achieved at the time of birth or at a later date. The acquired nationality differs from the original nationality in terms of the time it was acquired, and what unites them is the need for a link between the individual and the state granting the nationality. The nationality laws that are the subject of comparison in the research did not agree on a specific formula that defines the legal nature of the naturalization of a foreign athlete, and the most likely opinion is that the naturalization of a foreign athlete is naturalization based on the performance of a useful service for the country as stipulated in some of the nationality laws in question, such as the Iraqi, Emirati and French laws.
    [Show full text]