DOCSLIB.ORG

The World's Stateless 2020

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

THE WORLD’S STATELESS DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY The Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion (ISI) is an independent non-proft organ- isation dedicated to promoting inclusive societies by realising and protecting the right to a nationality for all. Established in August 2014, ISI is the frst and only human rights NGO dedicated to working on statelessness at the global level. ISI is incorporated in the Netherlands, where it has Public Beneft Organisation (PBO) status. © Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion, March 2020 [email protected] - www.institutesi.org Cover photo © by David Kuko from Pexels ISBN: 9789082836660 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, translated or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission of the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion. Whilst the authors, editors and publisher have tried to ensure the accuracy of this publication, the publisher, authors and editors cannot accept responsibility for any errors, omissions, misstatements, or mistakes and accept no responsibility for the use of the information presented in this work. Disclaimer: All contributions in this publication refect the views of their respective au- thors. They do not necessarily refect the views of the institutions they work for or are afliated with, nor of the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion or the other authors who have contributed to this report. All text with no attribution has been drafted by and refects the views of the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 1 To Stefanie Grant, founding chair of our Board, wise counsel and kind friend 2 | THE WORLD’S STATELESS 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………………………………..5 PART I STATELESSNESS AROUND THE WORLD THE STATE OF STATELESSNESS IN THE WORLD IN 2020 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………………………………....11 ADDRESSING STATELESSNESS THROUGH UN HUMAN RIGHTS FRAMEWORKS………….………19 THE #IBELONG CAMPAIGN REACHES ITS MIDPOINT…………………………………………………….31 BY MELANIE J. KHANNA STATELESSNESS IN AFRICA ………………………………………………………………………………….39 STATELESSNESS IN THE AMERICAS…………………………………………...……………………………55 STATELESSNESS IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC………………………………………………………………71 STATELESSNESS IN EUROPE…………………………………………………………………………………91 STATELESSNESS IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA (MENA) …………………………....111 PART II DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY THE POWER TO DEPRIVE INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………………………………….131 STATE TERRORISM: REVOKING THE NATIONALITY OF CITIZENS IN BAHRAIN: AN AFFECTED PERSON’S PERSPECTIVE BY JAWAD FAIROOZ…………………………………………………………………………………………….139 DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY: A DIPLOMAT’S PERSPECTIVE BY LAETITIA VAN DEN ASSUM…………………………………………………………………………………143 STATELESSNESS AS SOCIAL OSTRACISM: A PSYCHOLOGIST’S PERSPECTIVE BY KIPLING D. WILLIAMS AND ANDREW HALES……………………………………………………………147 STATELESSNESS AND THE DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY: A HISTORIAN’S PERSPECTIVE BY LAURA ROBSON……………………………………………………………………………………………..151 INTERVIEW WITH TENDAYI ACHIUME INTERVIEWED BY AMANDA BROWN………………………………………………………………………….155 ARBITRARY DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY AS A MATTER OF INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW: AN INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL PROSECUTOR’S PERSPECTIVE BY CÓMAN KENNY………………………………………………………………………………………………159 STATELESSNESS MOTIVATED BY NATIVISM, RACISM AND XENOPHOBIA: A COMPARISON OF MYANMAR, THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC AND INDIA BY JOSÉ MARÍA ARRAIZA, MARINA ARRAIZA SHARIKOVA AND PHYU ZIN AYE……………………...163 WHY WE CONTINUE TO FIGHT FOR OUR RIGHT TO NATIONALITY IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC AND HOW YOU CAN HELP: AN ACTIVIST’S PERSPECTIVE BY MOVEMENT RECONOCIDO: ANA MARÍA BELIQUE, ALFREDO OGUISTEN, ELENA LORAC AND PAOLA PELLETIER……………………………………………………………………...177 ‘EASY PRECEDENTS’ – FRAUD, DENATIONALISATION AND PERPETUAL SCRUTINY OF THE CITIZENSHIP QUESTION BY LAURA BINGHAM……………………………………………………………………………………………185 CITIZENSHIP DEPRIVATION: A PHILOSOPHER’S PERSPECTIVE BY CHRISTOPHER BERTRAM…………………………………………………………………………………..193 CITIZENSHIP ERASURE: THE ARBITRARY RETROACTIVE NON-RECOGNITION OF CITIZENSHIP BY BRONWEN MANBY…………………………………………………………………………………………..197 QUASI-LOSS OF NATIONALITY: SOME CRITICAL REFLECTIONS BY RENÉ DE GROOT…………………………………………………………………………………………….203 DEPRIVATION OF CITIZENSHIP THROUGH A POLITICAL LENS: A POLITICAL SCIENTIST’S PERSPECTIVE BY MATTHEW GIBNEY…………………………………………………………………………………………..207 EXPANDING DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY POWERS IN THE SECURITY CONTEXT: GLOBAL TRENDS………………………………………………………....211 DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITYAS A COUNTER-TERRORISM MEASURE: A HUMAN RIGHTS AND SECURITY PERSPECTIVE BY CHRISTOPHE PAULUSSEN AND MARTIN SCHEININ…………………………………………………..223 CITIZENSHIP STRIPPING AS A SECURITY MEASURE – POLICY ISSUES AND THE “EFFECTIVENESS” QUESTION……………………………………………..227 DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY: A HUMAN RIGHTS PERSPECTIVE BY FATEH AZZAM………………………………………………………………………………………………..239 INTERNATIONAL LAW STANDARDS PERTAINING TO THE ARBITRARY DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY………………………………………………….243 DEPRIVATION OF CITIZENSHIP IN THE UK: A LITIGATOR’S PERSPECTIVE BY AMANDA WESTON…………………………………………………………………………………………..275 PRINCIPLES ON DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY AS A NATIONAL SECURITY MEASURE INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………………………...281 PREAMBLE………………………………………………………………………………………………...285 PRINCIPLES ON DEPRIVATION OF NATIONALITY AS A NATIONAL SECURITY MEASURE……..287 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This publication is a product of the generosity, goodwill and creativity of a multitude of people from around the world and all walks of life, who have contributed their time, expertise, skills, resources, stories, outputs and intellectual property towards it. Over two years ago, when we first started thinking about this report, the choice of thematic focus was an obvious one – both because of the urgency and importance of shining a spotlight on the practice of deprivation of nationality, and the wonderful partnership we had already developed with a few close allies in exploring this phenomenon, and ultimately, drafting the Principles on Deprivation of Nationality as a National Security Measure. We remain deeply indebted to Laura Bingham and her colleagues at Open Society Justice Initiative, Christophe Paulussen and his colleagues at the Asser Institute, and Claire Fourel and her colleagues at Ashurst LLP, for their extensive collaboration and contributions to the research, thinking and analysis that underlines much that is in this report. Indeed, a number of the chapters in Part Two, on global trends, international standards and the effectiveness of citizenship stripping, borrow directly from the research conducted in collaboration with these partners. We are also extremely grateful to the over 60 experts – leading academics, public prosecutors, UN officials, independent experts, NGO advocates, litigators and affected persons - from various fields including human rights, statelessness, security and counter-terrorism, refugee protection, child rights and migration, who advised us, reviewed draft text and guided us along a 30 month journey, which led to both the development of the Principles as well as the conceptualisation and delivery of this World’s Stateless Report. This report also casts a critical eye on situations of mass deprivation of nationality, targeting minority communities such as the Rohingya of Myanmar, Dominicans of Haitian origin and communities of Muslim and migrant heritage in Assam, India. Our own work on these (and many other similar contexts) has been informed and enriched by the courageous and tenacious activism and advocacy of human rights defenders, grass roots groups and NGOs operating in these countries. Through the report, we honour the work of these groups, including the many Rohingya activists who we collaborate with, such as those who joined our advocacy efforts before the Dutch parliament; groups working to counter discriminatory bureaucracies in Assam as well as our 125 NGO partners from around the world who showed solidarity with them in a joint statement; and groups such as Reconocido who continue to offer energy, creativity and commitment in the face of ever shrinking space in the Dominican Republic (and who contributed an essay to this report). 6 | THE WORLD’S STATELESS 2020 A special thank you to all our external contributors who have made this a richer, more diverse and insightful publication: Amanda Weston, Andrew Hales, Alfredo Oguisten, Anna Belique, Bronwen Manby, Christophe Paulussen, Christopher Bertram, Cóman Kenny, Elena Lorac, Fateh Azzam, Jawad Fairooz, Jose Arraiza, Kipling Williams, Laetitia van den Assum, Laura Bingham, Laura Robson, Marina Arraiza Shakirova, Martin Scheinin, Matthew Gibney, Melanie Khanna, Paola Quiñones, Phyu Zin Aye, Rene de Groot and Tendayi Achiume. Our thanks also to our NGO partners who reviewed and/or contributed to some of the regional chapters – Chris Nash and Nina Murray (Europe), Christoph Sperfeldt, Davina Wadley and Ravi Hemadri, (Asia and the Pacific), Azizbek Ashurov (Central Asia), Florencia Reggiardo (the Americas), Bronwen Manby and Liesl Muller (Africa), and Drewery Dyke and Thomas McGee (MENA). The report’s editorial team was made up of ISI staff, interns and volunteers. Laura van Waas and Amal de Chickera served as co-editors, conceptualising the report and its content, reviewing and editing both external and internal contributions and drafting the various introductory texts. Georgia Field served as assistant editor, with specific
Recommended publications
  • Redalyc.UNA ISLA Y DOS NACIONES: LAS RELACIONES DOMÍNICO

    Redalyc.UNA ISLA Y DOS NACIONES: LAS RELACIONES DOMÍNICO

    Ciencia y Sociedad ISSN: 0378-7680 [email protected] Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo República Dominicana Carrón, Hayden UNA ISLA Y DOS NACIONES: LAS RELACIONES DOMÍNICO-HAITIANAS EN EL MASACRE SE PASA A PIE DE FREDDY PRESTOL CASTILLO Ciencia y Sociedad, vol. 40, núm. 2, 2015, pp. 285-305 Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo Santo Domingo, República Dominicana Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=87041161003 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto UNA ISLA Y DOS NACIONES: LAS RELACIONES DOMÍNICO-HAITIANAS EN EL MASACRE SE PASA A PIE DE FREDDY PRESTOL CASTILLO An island and two nations: The Dominican-Haitian relations in The Slaughter Walk Pass by Freddy Prestol Castillo Hayden Carrón * Resumen : La frontera entre la República Dominicana y Haití ha sido tradicionalmente un lugar difuso, mítico y también trágico. A través de ella se cuentan historias de las poblaciones de dos países muy cercanos en composición étnica, pero muy diversos en el plano cultural. Esta porosa región de la isla fue testigo de la más sangrienta matanza étnica que ha tenido lugar en el Caribe durante el siglo XX . En 1937, el dictador dominicano Rafael Trujillo ordenó el asesinato de todos los haitianos que se encontraran del lado dominicano de la frontera. Este horrendo episodio ha sido contado en numerosas ocasiones por escritores haitianos.
  • Ethics in Advertising and Marketing in the Dominican Republic: Interrogating Universal Principles of Truth, Human Dignity, and Corporate Social Responsibility

    Ethics in Advertising and Marketing in the Dominican Republic: Interrogating Universal Principles of Truth, Human Dignity, and Corporate Social Responsibility

    ETHICS IN ADVERTISING AND MARKETING IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: INTERROGATING UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES OF TRUTH, HUMAN DIGNITY, AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY BY SALVADOR RAYMUNDO VICTOR DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Communications in the Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2012 Urbana, Illinois Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor William E. Berry, Chair and Director of Research Professor Clifford G. Christians Professor Norman K. Denzin Professor John C. Nerone ABSTRACT This research project has explored and critically examined the intersections between the use of concepts, principles and codes of ethics by advertising practitioners and marketing executives and the standards of practice for mass mediated and integrated marketing communications in the Dominican Republic. A qualitative inquiry approach was considered appropriate for answering the investigation queries. The extensive literature review of the historical media and advertising developments in the country, in conjunction with universal ethics theory, facilitated the structuring of the research questions which addressed the factors affecting the forces that shaped the advertising discourse; the predominant philosophy and moral standard ruling the advertising industry; the ethical guidelines followed by the practitioners; and the compliance with the universal principles of truth, human dignity and social responsibility. A multi- methods research strategy was utilized. In this qualitative inquiry, data were gathered and triangulated using participant observation and in-depth, semi- structured interviews, supplemented by the review of documents and archival records. Twenty industry leaders were interviewed individually in two cities of the country, Santo Domingo and Santiago. These sites account for 98% of the nation-states’ advertising industry.
  • Homelesnesss in Spain: Rights Violation Beyond Housing

    Homelesnesss in Spain: Rights Violation Beyond Housing

    HOMELESNESSS IN SPAIN: RIGHTS VIOLATION BEYOND HOUSING Summary: Homelessness is a form of extreme social exclusion affecting 33,000 people in Spain and which is directly related to poverty. It is a phenomenon impacting different groups all of them vulnerated in their right to access a decent house. The lack of access to an adequate house entails the vulneration of other rights such as the right to access health care services or safety itself. Homelessness is a phenomenon that could be solved in 8 years with the adequate public policies. In Spain, housing is a right included in the Constitution and in the international treaties which is vulnerated every day. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) include in their objective 11.11, “to ensure that everyone has access to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services by 2030”. On the other side, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights stresses that international law “acknowledges the right everyone has to an adequate level of life, including an adequate housing (…)2”. Likewise, principle number 19 of the document “The European Pillar of Social Rights” adopted by the EU mentions the duty to provide access to social housing or aids for a good quality housing for those people who are in need. In the Spanish legislation, article 47 of the Constitution states the right to enjoy from a decent and adequate housing; but that disposition is set in the “guiding principles of social and economic policies” and they are rights that can only be claimed before ordinary jurisdiction as to what the concerning laws may stipulate.
  • The Meaning of Canadian Citizenship in Light of Dual Citizenship And

    The Meaning of Canadian Citizenship in Light of Dual Citizenship And

    THE MEANING OF CANADIAN CITIZENSHIP IN LIGHT OF DUAL CITIZENSHIP AND MULTICULTURALISM IN CANADA By Viktoria Mirtchevsky, BA, Ryerson University, 2014 A Major Research Paper Presented to Ryerson University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts In the program of Immigration and Settlement Studies Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 2014 © Viktoria Mirtchevsky AUTHOR’S DECLARATION FOR ELECTRONIC SUBMISSION OF A MAJOR RESEARCH PAPER (MRP) I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this Major Research Paper. This is a true copy of the MRP, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I authorize Ryerson University to let this MRP to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I further authorize Ryerson University to reproduce this MRP by photocopying or by other means, in total or in part, at the request of other institutions on individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I understand that my MRP may be made electronically available to the public. Viktoria Mirtchevsky ii THE MEANING OF CANADIAN CITIZENSHIP IN LIGHT OF DUAL CITIZENSHIP AND MULTICULTURALISM IN CANAD Viktoria Mirtchevsky Master of Arts 2014 Immigration and Settlement Studies Ryerson University ABSTRACT With multiculturalism informing policy formation related to immigration and settlement in Canada, dual citizenship is accepted. Many have argued that dual citizenship is problematic when it creates dual, and often times, competing loyalties, interests, and priorities; while others argue that dual citizenship is actually a positive development that is consistent with the Canadian culture of acceptance, tolerance and multiculturalism. This MRP will examine the connection between multiculturalism, the legality of dual and multiple citizenship in Canada and their effect on the meaning of Canadian citizenship for naturalized Canadian citizens holding dual or multiple citizenships.
  • Can Sandel Dethrone Meritocracy?

    Can Sandel Dethrone Meritocracy?

    Boston University School of Law Scholarly Commons at Boston University School of Law Faculty Scholarship 2-2021 Can Sandel Dethrone Meritocracy? Robert L. Tsai Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.bu.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Law and Philosophy Commons CAN SANDEL DETHRONE MERITOCRACY? Boston University School of Law Public Law & Legal Theory Paper No. 21-09 February 2021 Robert L. Tsai Boston University School of Law Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3777285 Can Sandel Dethrone Meritocracy? Robert L. Tsai† In the past, Michael Sandel has inveighed against modes of debate that bracket moral questions and exhorted Americans to discuss controversial issues in openly ethical terms, without telling us whose moral conception should prevail. His inviting and probing style, coupled with his insistence that you couldn’t have a just society without being judgmental, has made him an academic sensation.1 The title of his new book, The Tyranny of Merit,2 disparages merit, but is coy about whether the idea is problematic in the abstract or in practice. About halfway through the book, I felt that he had finally slipped off the fence on the question under consideration. Merit was not a laudable concept that should be saved. As the pace of the book quickened, so Sandel became more urgent in trying to persuade us there is something intrinsically corrosive about the idea itself. Sandel contends that a meritocratic manner of approaching the important things in life is objectionable for two reasons. First, it may actually lock-in inequality rather than ameliorate it by layering a sense of unjustified desert on top of existing inequities.
  • Global Human Rights Litigation Report

    Global Human Rights Litigation Report

    GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS LITIGATION REPORT The Open Society Justice Initiative uses strategic litigation and other forms of legal advocacy to empower communities, defend the rule of law, and advance human rights. This report describes some of the highlights of our litigation work, through a review of seven thematic areas where we have sought to use the law to bring about change. CONTENTS 1 WHY STRATEGIC LITIGATION MATTERS James A. Goldston, Executive Director 5 EXPOSING EUROPEAN COLLUSION IN EXTRAORDINARY RENDITION Amrit Singh 9 CONFRONTING ETHNIC PROFILING IN FRANCE Lanna Hollo 13 CHALLENGING TORTURE IN CENTRAL ASIA Masha Lisitsyna 18 ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND THE RIGHT TO TRUTH IN LATIN AMERICA Mariana Mas and Mercedes Melon 23 CHALLENGING IMPUNITY FOR INTERNATIONAL CRIMES Steve Kostas 28 STRENGTHENING THE RIGHT TO CITIZENSHIP IN AFRICA Laura Bingham 32 PROSECUTING CORRUPTION Ken Hurwitz 35 JUDGMENTS 1 GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS LITIGATION REPORT WHY STRATEGIC LITIGATION MATTERS James A. Goldston EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR At a time when “illiberalism” has become a badge of honor for some, it may seem perverse that the Open Society Foundations would dedicate precious human and financial resources to the long, uncertain, often frustrating project of litigating in courts of law. AFTER ALL, THE IDEALS UPON WHICH LITIGATION IS PREMISED—including respect for the rule of law, impartial fact-finding and the principle of legal accountability—are increasingly disparaged as unnecessary hindrances to the popular will. Moreover, one need hardly join the campaign against liberal values to recognize that, as practiced, legal action to advance human rights has promised more than it has achieved. And yet, the Open Society Justice Initiative pursues litigation precisely because of our commitment to the vital, if limited, role of law in furthering open societies.
  • Achieving Export-Led Growth in Colombia Ricardo Hausmann John

    Achieving Export-Led Growth in Colombia Ricardo Hausmann John

    Faculty Research Working Papers Series Achieving Export-Led Growth in Colombia Ricardo Hausmann John F. Kennedy School of Government - Harvard University Bailey Klinger John F. Kennedy School of Government - Harvard University October 2008 RWP08-063 The views expressed in the HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the John F. Kennedy School of Government or of Harvard University. Faculty Research Working Papers have not undergone formal review and approval. Such papers are included in this series to elicit feedback and to encourage debate on important public policy challenges. Copyright belongs to the author(s). Papers may be downloaded for personal use only. Achieving Export-Led Growth in Colombia Ricardo Hausmann and Bailey Klinger CID Working Paper No. 182 September 2008 © Copyright 2008 Ricardo Hausmann, Bailey Klinger and the President and Fellows of Harvard College Working Papers Center for International Development at Harvard University Achieving Export-Led Growth in Colombia Ricardo Hausmann and Bailey Klinger September 2008 Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to analyze Colombia’s experiences with and opportunities for export led growth. We first review Colombia’s growth and export performance over the past 30 years and find that the country is indeed facing an export challenge. We then go on to develop new metrics and apply them to Colombia’s export challenge. First, we consider the opportunities for upgrading quality within existing exports, and find that Colombia has very little opportunity for growth in this dimension. Second, we consider the level of sophistication of the current export basket, and find that it is low and commensurate with the lack of export dynamism.
  • Revista De Educación Nº 387 JANUARY-MARCH 2020 Revista De Educación Nº 387 JANUARY-MARCH 2020 Nº 386 October-December 2019 Quarterly Journal Starting Year: 1952

    Revista De Educación Nº 387 JANUARY-MARCH 2020 Revista De Educación Nº 387 JANUARY-MARCH 2020 Nº 386 October-December 2019 Quarterly Journal Starting Year: 1952

    revista de eDUCACIÓN Nº 387 JANUARY-MARCH 2020 revista de eDUCACIÓN Nº 387 JANUARY-MARCH 2020 Nº 386 October-December 2019 Quarterly Journal Starting year: 1952 MINISTERIO DE EDUCACIÓN Y FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL SECRETARÍA DE ESTADO DE EDUCACIÓN Y FORMACIÓN PROFESIONAL Instituto Nacional de Evaluación Educativa Paseo del Prado, 28, 4.ª planta 28014 Madrid España Edita © SECRETARÍA GENERAL TÉCNICA Subdirección General de Atención al Ciudadano, Documentación y Publicaciones Catálogo de publicaciones del Ministerio: sede.educacion.gob.es Catálogo general de publicaciones oficiales: publicacionesoficiales.boe.es Edición: 2019 NIPO línea: 847-19-002-9 NIPO ibd: 847-19-001-3 ISSN línea: 1988-592X 0034-8082 ISSN papel: 0034-8082 Depósito Legal: M.57/1958 Diseño de la portada: Dinarte S.L. Maqueta: Solana e hijos, Artes Gráficas S.A.U. MANAGING BOARD EDITORIAL TEAM CHAIR Editor-in-chief: Jorge Mañana Rodríguez Alejandro Tiana Ferrer Secretario de Estado de Educación y Formación Profesional Collaborators: Ruth Martín Escanilla y Óscar Urra Ríos MEMBERS Fernando Gurrea Casamayor Subsecretario de Educación y Formación Profesional SCIENTIFIC ADVISERS Consuelo Vélaz de Medrano Ureta Directora General de Evaluación y Cooperación Territorial Clara Sanz López International Directora General de Formación Profesional Diego Fernández Alberdi Aaron Benavot (State University of New York, SUNY-Albany); Abdeljalil Director General de Planificación y Gestión Educativa Akkari (Universidad de Ginebra); Mark Bray (University of Hong Kong); José Joaquín Brunner (Universidad Diego Portales, Chile); Dirk Hastedt Liborio López García Secretario General Técnico (Executive Director, International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement, IEA); Felipe Martínez Rizo (Consejero Técnico Carmen Tovar Sánchez del INEE, México); Marie-Hélène Doumet (INES Programme, OCDE); Directora del Instituto Nacional de Evaluación Educativa Andreas Schleicher (Director, Directorate for Education and Skills, OCDE).
  • Senecan Tragedy and Virgil's Aeneid: Repetition and Reversal

    Senecan Tragedy and Virgil's Aeneid: Repetition and Reversal

    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 10-2014 Senecan Tragedy and Virgil's Aeneid: Repetition and Reversal Timothy Hanford Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/427 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] SENECAN TRAGEDY AND VIRGIL’S AENEID: REPETITION AND REVERSAL by TIMOTHY HANFORD A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Classics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2014 ©2014 TIMOTHY HANFORD All Rights Reserved ii This dissertation has been read and accepted by the Graduate Faculty in Classics in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Ronnie Ancona ________________ _______________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee Dee L. Clayman ________________ _______________________________ Date Executive Officer James Ker Joel Lidov Craig Williams Supervisory Committee THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii Abstract SENECAN TRAGEDY AND VIRGIL’S AENEID: REPETITION AND REVERSAL by Timothy Hanford Advisor: Professor Ronnie Ancona This dissertation explores the relationship between Senecan tragedy and Virgil’s Aeneid, both on close linguistic as well as larger thematic levels. Senecan tragic characters and choruses often echo the language of Virgil’s epic in provocative ways; these constitute a contrastive reworking of the original Virgilian contents and context, one that has not to date been fully considered by scholars.
  • I'm Glad the Jihadi 'Beatles' Will Face Trial

    I'm Glad the Jihadi 'Beatles' Will Face Trial

    Date 03 October 2020 Page 22 I’m glad the jihadi ‘Beatles’ will face trial Diane Foley, mother of murdered journalist, James, Charlotte Lytton tells that justice can wait no longer he image is seared who have agreed to waive the death with them, if given the chance. “I into public memory: penalty. “We must dare to bring them certainly would be open to talking to a man in an orange to trial,” says Diane Foley, James’s them. I don’t know if they’d have any T-shirt kneeling in the mother. Her hope is not just “to get interest though.” T desert, head shaved, a to the truth of the matter” but that, A new BBC documentary series, In knife to his neck. The if proven guilty, Kotey and Elsheikh the Face of Terror, follows the attempts beheading of James Foley, the first “recognise what they’ve done, and of the Foleys and other families of Islamic State hostage to meet this make amends for what they’ve hostages to ensure the atrocities grim end in August 2014, marked the inflicted on so many innocent people… inflicted on their loved ones aren’t group’s introduction to the Western there must be some accountability. allowed to happen again. world – a summer of bloodshed that Justice needs to be served.” “I often felt no one had Jim’s name would trigger a series of attacks Londoners Kotey, 36, and on their desk as a priority,” John, carried out in their name in cities Elsheikh, 32 – nicknamed Ringo and his father, says in the first of three from London to Paris.
  • SCHOOL DESEGREGATION THROUGH HOUSING INTEGRATION INCENTIVES Adopted by Convention Delegates May 5, 1982 Reviewed by Board of Managers March 2012

    SCHOOL DESEGREGATION THROUGH HOUSING INTEGRATION INCENTIVES Adopted by Convention Delegates May 5, 1982 Reviewed by Board of Managers March 2012

    71 SCHOOL DESEGREGATION THROUGH HOUSING INTEGRATION INCENTIVES Adopted by Convention Delegates May 5, 1982 Reviewed by Board of Managers March 2012 WHEREAS, Racial segregation in housing has contributed to segregation in public schools in California; and WHEREAS, Action to discriminate or segregate on the basis of race in either housing or education is in violation of California law; and WHEREAS, Officials in both education and housing have legal responsibilities to take positive actions to desegregate; and WHEREAS, Discrimination and segregation in either public schools or in housing make desegregation efforts more difficult and costly; and WHEREAS, Desegregation of neighborhood housing could contribute constructively to school desegregation; and WHEREAS, School desegregation programs will continue to involve substantial costs permanently unless desegregation of neighborhood housing is achieved; and WHEREAS, Such desegregation could make possible naturally integrated neighborhood schools and enhancement of intergroup education; and WHEREAS, Both the National and State PTAs are on record favoring equal opportunity in both housing and education; now therefore be it RESOLVED, That the California State PTA seek and support legislation to provide incentives for desegregation of neighborhood housing; and be it further RESOLVED, That the California State PTA urge its units, councils and districts to serve as unifying forces in achieving desegregation of both housing and schools; and be it further RESOLVED, That the California State PTA urge
  • Report Iraq: Travel Documents and Other Identity Documents

    Report Iraq: Travel Documents and Other Identity Documents

    l Report Iraq: Travel documents and other identity documents Report Iraq: Travel documents and other identity documents LANDINFO –16DECEMBER 2015 1 About Landinfo’s reports The Norwegian Country of Origin Information Centre, Landinfo, is an independent body within the Norwegian Immigration Authorities. Landinfo provides country of origin information to the Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (Utlendingsdirektoratet – UDI), the Immigration Appeals Board (Utlendingsnemnda – UNE) and the Norwegian Ministry of Justice and Public Security. Reports produced by Landinfo are based on information from carefully selected sources. The information is researched and evaluated in accordance with common methodology for processing COI and Landinfo’s internal guidelines on source and information analysis. To ensure balanced reports, efforts are made to obtain information from a wide range of sources. Many of our reports draw on findings and interviews conducted on fact-finding missions. All sources used are referenced. Sources hesitant to provide information to be cited in a public report have retained anonymity. The reports do not provide exhaustive overviews of topics or themes, but cover aspects relevant for the processing of asylum and residency cases. Country of origin information presented in Landinfo’s reports does not contain policy recommendations nor does it reflect official Norwegian views. © Landinfo 2016 The material in this report is covered by copyright law. Any reproduction or publication of this report or any extract thereof other than as permitted by current Norwegian copyright law requires the explicit written consent of Landinfo. For information on all of the reports published by Landinfo, please contact: Landinfo Country of Origin Information Centre Storgata 33A P.O.