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AUP RESEARCH STUDIES PRESENTED at the 3Rd INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARS CONFERENCE October 20-22, 2015 Universitas Advent Indonesia Bandung, Indonesia i AUP RESEARCH STUDIES PRESENTED at the 3rd INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARS CONFERENCE OCTOBER 20-22, 2015 UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA BANDUNG, INDONESIA Available online at http://3rdscholarsconf.unai.edu/?page_id=8 Electronic ISSN : 2476-9606 Organized by: Universitas Advent Indonesia Bandung, Indonesia Adventist University of the Philippines Puting Kahoy, Silang, Cavite Asia-Pacific International University Muak Lek, Saraburi, Thailand Universitas Klabat Manado, Indonesia University Research Journal Volume 18 No. 2 December 2015 ii Adventist University of the Philippines Telephone: (049)-541-1211 Website: www.aup.edu.ph Copyright © 2015 by AUP Printing Press All rights reserved No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without permission in writing from the publisher. PRINTED IN THE PHILIPPINES ISSN 1655-5619 December 2015 Volume 18 No.2 University Research Journal iii UNIVERSITY RESEARCH COUNCIL Chair: Dr. Miriam P. Narbarte Vice President, Academics Co-Chair: Dr. Jolly S. Balila Director, University Research Center Secretary: Dr. Lorcelie B. Taclan Research Consultant, University Research Center Members: Dr. Edwin A. Balila Dean, College of Science and Technology Dr. Flor Villa P. Marticio Dean, College of Arts and Humanities Dr. Lualhati P. Sausa Dean, College of Business Dr. Marissa H. Virgines Dean, College of Dentistry Dr. Gracel Ann S. Saban Dean, College of Education Dr. Miriam R. Estrada Dean, College of Health Prof. Susy A. Jael Dean, College of Nursing Dr. Julio C. Amurao REVIEWERS Dean, College of Theology Mrs. Eunice M. Carpizo Cynthia C. Quintana, RN, MSN Director, Community Extension Professor, Graduate School of Nursing, Arellano University Mrs. Eileen Batulayan Director, Records and Admission Bienvenido G. Mergal, Ph.D. Dr. Vicky C. Mergal Chair, Applied Theology, SGS Asst. VPA, Graduate Studies Adventist International Institute Mr. Jenald Rodelas Director, Information Communication and Technology Prema Gaikwad, Ph.D. Professor, Graduate School, Mrs. Mila H. Sales Adventist International Institute Director of Libraries, University Library Danilo P. Poblete, Ph.D. Pro-Vice Chancellor, Solusi University, Zimbabue Elizabeth M. Role, Ph.D. University of Eastern Africa, Baraton University Research Journal Volume 18 No. 2 December 2015 iv REVIEW COMMITTEES Business University Research Center Staff Dr. Leroy Ruhupatty Andrew University, Michigan, USA Dr. Reuel Narbarte Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Wayne Hamra Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Jolly S. Balila, Ph.D., Dr. Harman Malau Universitas Advent Indonesia Director and Consultant for Dr. Romulo Sinabutar Universitas Advent Indonesia Research of College of Nursing and College of Business Dr. Stanley S. Nganoy Universitas, Klabat, Manado, Indonesia Dr. Marthen Sengley Universitas, Klabat, Manado, Indonesia Eunice M. Aclan, Ph.D., Education/Social Science Editor-in-Chief and Consultant for Research of the College of Dr. Jimmy Kijai Andrew University, Michigan, USA Education and College of Theology Dr. Caroline Katemba Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Ronny Kountur Binus International University, Jakarta Lorcelie B. Taclan, Ph.D., Dr. Jolly S. Balila Adventist University of the Philippines Senior Researcher and Consultant Dra. Louise Saija, M.Pd Universitas Advent Indonesia for Research of the College of Dr Park T. Lee Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dentistry and College of Science and Technology Dr. Bienvisa Ladion Nebres Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Oktavian Mantiri Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Myrtle C. Orbon, MA, RP. Researcher and Consultant for Health Research of the College of Arts and Dr. Eleanor Castillo UP-Manila and Adventist University Humanities and College of Health of the Philippines Dr. Maju Simajuntak Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Nilawati Soputri Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Pornpan Simanpanya Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Jarurat Sriratanaprapat Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Science and Engineering Dr. Zenaida Agngarayngay Mariano Marcos State University Dr. Edwin Balila Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. Joshua H.L. Tobing Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Albinur Limbong Universitas Advent Indonesia Dr. Andrew T. Lien Universitas, Klabat, Manado, Indonesia Philosophy/Technology Dr. Wann Fanwar Asia-Pacific International University, Thailand Dr. Rico Javien Adventist University of the Philippines Dr. R.M. Hutabarat Universitas Advent Indonesia December 2015 Volume 18 No.2 University Research Journal v 1 �������Relationship of Internal Audit Functions to Governance of Local Government Janet Sabado, Reuel Narbarte, Robert Borromeo, and Ruben Carpizo 12 ������Human Resource Management Practices and Organizational Performance of Selected Tertiary Institutions in the Philippines Ruben Carpizo and Reuel Narbarte 20 ������Journey to Quality and Academic Excellence: The Organizational Life History of Adventist University of the Philippines Miriam Narbarte and Jolly Balila 32 ������Biblical Origin of Communication in the Context of Synergistic Communication Theory: Basis for Creating the 21st Century Communication Model Romeo Barrios 48 ������Organic Gardening Program at AUP’s Partner Community: Impact Study Rolyn Cadalig, Eunice Carpizo, and Eunice Aclan 61 ������Knowledge, Health Practices, and Diabetes Mellitus II Tendency Eunice Carpizo 73 ������Filipino Adolescents’ Coping Strategies: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis Jezamine De Leon and Edwin Balila 82 ������Perceived Effects of Service Learning Program on the Academic Development of Pre�Service Teachers Jeremiah Fameronag and Josephine Fameronag 89 ������Service Learning of Nutrition and Dietetics Students in the Community: A Phenomenological Study Merlina Idaosos, Eunice Aclan, and Ruchelle Oasan 100 ����Students’ Career Choices: A Guide For Senior High School Preparation Elmie Lynn Lagajino, Mercedes Ibanez, Joan Mel Guirguiz, Agapito Tuting, and Jolly Balila 108 ����A Preliminary Study on the Basic Education Filipino Teachers’ Psyche: WHAT MAKES THEM TICK? Belle Manlapig 122 ����Socio�Cognitive Development, Peer Pressure and Ego Strength of Children in Conflict with the Law Buyisile Mbulawa and Flor Villa P. Marticio 134 ����Harmony of the Principles of Design With God’s Perfect Creation Reuben Abaya Pagaduan University Research Journal Volume 18 No. 2 December 2015 vi 145 ����Effects of Laughter on Quality and Hours of Sleep and Blood Pressure among Elderly in Indonesia Richard Kasenda and Susy A Jael 157 ����Experiences of College Students on Bullying Maria Julita SJ. Sibayan 169 ����Development of a Healthy, Nutritious, and Delicious Tiesa (Pouteria campechiana) Polvoron Doreena Jean Padilla, Olivia Saddul, Gladys Mae Laborde*, Maribel Balagtas, and Lorcelie Taclan 179 ����Effects of 24�Hour Fasting on the Vitro Phagocytic Activity of Neutrophils Alain Justin Berbano, Richardson Delas Alas, David Hendrik Putra Palar, and Ma. Estrella H. Sales* 192 ����The Great Controversy Between Michael and the Devil in Jude 9:A Theological Analysis Rico Javien 203 ����Bioaccumulation and Bioconcentration of Pb in the Tissues of Eight Weed Species Litton Halder, Leilanie D. Arce*, Orlex B. Yllano 222 ����Leader-Member Exchange and Its Relationship to Workplace Conflict as Mediated by Organizational Citizenship Behavior Arlette Ufitinema and Lualhati Parulan Sausa* December 2015 Volume 18 No.2 University Research Journal 1 RELATIONSHIP OF INTERNAL AUDIT FUNCTIONS TO GOVERNANCE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS Janet Sabado, Reuel Narbarte, Robert Borromeo, and Ruben Carpizo Abstract he study determined the relationship between internal audit functions and governance in Local Government Units (LGUs) Tin Metro Manila, Philippines. The data were gathered from 510 employees of LGUs using stratified sampling. Majority ( 359 or 70.6%) of the respondents belonged to 31- – 50 years old; majority of them worked in finance (181 or 35.5%) and in Ssocial service provider department (179 or 35.1%) and were managers (44 or 8.6%), supervisors (188 or 36.9%), and in clerical position (278 or 54.5%). Results of the study revealed that the internal audit functions of the Internal Audit Units of the LGUs were very good. However, the respondents perceived that the internal audit units seldom retain an independent outlook in presenting their suggestions. The overall status of governance of LGUs included in the study was very good although they sometimes spend more than what they earned. Loans from private institutions are sometimes obtained. Further results revealed that all the dimensions of governance, i.e., financial management and reporting, delivery of basic services, legal compliance, and internal government were perceived very good but the respondents were most satisfied on financial management and reporting. There was a strong positive relationship of internal audit functions to governance. The findings showed that the predictors of governance included consulting services, assurance services, and age. Keywords: internal audit functions, governance, Local Government Units University Research Journal Volume 18 No. 2 December 2015 2 Relationship of Internal Audit Functions to Governance of Local Government I. INTRODUCTION financial management in most areas when compared to the global’s best practices Governance is the process by which although some evidence
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