A Tool for Binary Representations of Unordered Multistate Characters (With Examples from Genomic Data)
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Bamboo Cultivation Manual
BAMBOO CULTIVATION MANUAL GUIDELINES FOR CULTIVATING ETHIOPIAN HIGHLAND BAMBOO EASTERN AFRICA BAMBOO PROJECT funded by executed by supervised by ETHIOPIA KENYA Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Kenya Forestry Research Institute Federal Micro and Small Enterprises Development Agency BAMBOO CULTIVATION MANUAL GUIDELINES FOR CULTIVATING ETHIOPIAN HIGHLAND BAMBOO This project is being financed by the Common Fund for Commodities, an intergovernmental financial institution established within the framework of the United Nations, headquartered in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. EASTERN AFRICA BAMBOO PROJECT funded by executed by supervised by ETHIOPIA KENYA Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Kenya Forestry Research Institute Federal Micro and Small Enterprises Development Agency Copyright ©2009 by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. This manual is based on the work of Dr. Victor Brias and Mr. Tesfaye Hunde, UNIDO Consultants, in cooperation with the project team and under the supervision of UNIDO Project Manager: Mr. Juergen Hierold. Designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city, or area, or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers and boundaries. The opinions, figures and estimates set forth are the responsibility of the authors and should not -
Flora of China 22: 132–135. 2006. 26. GELIDOCALAMUS T. H. Wen, J
Flora of China 22: 132–135. 2006. 26. GELIDOCALAMUS T. H. Wen, J. Bamboo Res. 1(1): 21. 1982. 短枝竹属 duan zhi zhu shu Zhu Zhengde (朱政德 Chu Cheng-de); Chris Stapleton Shrubby bamboos. Rhizomes leptomorph, with running underground stems. Culms pluricaespitose, erect; internodes terete; nodes weakly prominent. Branches 7–12 per node, rarely more than 20, slender, without secondary branching. Culm sheaths persistent, much shorter than internodes; auricles absent or conspicuous; ligule arched or truncate, short; blade broadly conical or narrowly lanceolate. Leaves usually solitary on each branch; sheaths narrow, closely appressed to branchlets and inconspicuous, usu- ally solitary or rarely 2 or more; blade lanceolate or broadly lanceolate to elliptical, short transverse veins distinct. Inflorescence paniculate, large, open, terminal to leafy branches. Spikelets mostly light green, small, 3–5-flowered; pedicel slender. Rachilla com- pressed. Glumes 2; lemma compressed laterally, ridged abaxially; palea 2-keeled, truncate at apex; lodicules 3. Stamens 3; filaments free. Stigmas 2, or rarely 1, plumose. Caryopsis globose, beaked. New shoots autumn–winter. ● Nine species: China. In addition to the species treated below, Gelidocalamus dongdingensis C. F. Huang & C. D. Dai (Wuyi Sci. J. 8: 173. 1991) was described from Fujian (Wuyi Shan), but no specimens have been seen by the authors and this taxon must be left as a doubtful species. Gelidocalamus velutinus W. T. Lin (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 26: 233. 1988) was described from Guangdong (Yunan). This plant has 14–16 branches per node and distinctive, oblong culm sheath auricles, and looks more like a species of Pleioblastus than a Gelidocalamus. 1a. -
Vegetative Propagation Techniques of Highland Bamboo (Yushania Alpina) in Amhara Region, North-Western Ethiopia
Available online at www.worldscientificnews.com WSN 61(2) (2017) 122-136 EISSN 2392-2192 Vegetative Propagation Techniques of Highland Bamboo (Yushania alpina) in Amhara Region, North-Western Ethiopia Yared Kebede1,*, Zebene Tadesse2, Abera Getahun1, Yigardu Mulatu3 1Bahir Dar Environment and Forest Research Center, Bahir Dar, P.O. Box 2128, Ethiopia 2Central Ethiopia Environment and Forest Research Center, Addis Ababa, P.O. Box 30708, Ethiopia 3Ethiopian Environment and Forest Research Institute, Addis Ababa, P.O. Box 24536, Ethiopia *E-mail address: [email protected] ABSTRACT Bamboo is an important source of income for rural livelihoods in Ethiopia and somewhere else. It is increasingly recognized as potential species for environmental protection and poverty reduction in many countries including Ethiopia. The study was conducted in Amhara Regional State, Awi Zone, where Yushania alpina dominated areas of Banja district. This finding aimed at to identify advanced propagation techniques that can be pertinent for large scale plantation of Yushania alpina. randomized complete block design with three replications was used. The vegetative propagation materials (treatments) were; rhizome with two nodes, rhizome with four nodes, rhizome with six nodes, rhizome without culm and rhizome with the whole culm (offset). A total of 240 offset planting materials were planted in the experimental station. Of which, sixteen planting material were used in each plot level. New shoot sprouting, and their height, root collar diameter and mortality rate data was collected. There was no statistical significant difference in mean number of new sprouted shoots of Yushinia alpina between the five treatments. While, there was significant difference between mean shoot height of rhizome with four nodes and rhizome without Culm (137.02b ± 22.94, 67.10a ± 17.97) at (p<0.05) respectively. -
Changes in Plant Functional Groups During Secondary Succession in a Tropical Montane Rain Forest
Article Changes in Plant Functional Groups during Secondary Succession in a Tropical Montane Rain Forest Kexin Fan 1,2, Jing Tao 1,3, Lipeng Zang 1,2, Jie Yao 1,2, Jihong Huang 1,2, Xinghui Lu 1,2, Yi Ding 1,2, Yue Xu 1,2 and Runguo Zang 1,2,* 1 Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China; [email protected] (K.F.); [email protected] (J.T.); [email protected] (L.Z.); [email protected] (J.Y.); [email protected] (J.H.); [email protected] (X.L.); [email protected] (Y.D.); [email protected] (Y.X.) 2 Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China 3 Yunnan Institute of Forestry Inventory and Planning, Kunming 650051, China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-010-6288-9546 Received: 18 October 2019; Accepted: 10 December 2019; Published: 12 December 2019 Abstract: Aggregating diverse plant species into a few functional groups based on functional traits provides new insights for promoting landscape planning and conserving biodiversity in species-diverse regions. Ecophysiological traits are the basis of the functioning of an ecosystem. However, studies related to the identification of functional groups based on plant ecophysiological traits in tropical forests are still scarce because of the inherent difficulties in measuring them. In this study, we measured five ecophysiological traits: net photosynthetic capacity (Amax), maximum stomatal conductance (gmax), water use efficiency (WUE), transpiration rate (Trmmol), and specific leaf areas (SLA) for 87 plant species dominant in a chronosequence of secondary succession, using four time periods (5 year-primary, 15 year-early, and 40 year-middle successional stages after clear cutting and old growth) in the tropical montane rainforest on Hainan Island, China. -
American Bamboo Society
$5.00 AMERICAN BAMBOO SOCIETY Bamboo Species Source List No. 34 Spring 2014 This is the thirty-fourth year that the American Bamboo Several existing cultivar names are not fully in accord with Society (ABS) has compiled a Source List of bamboo plants requirements for naming cultivars. In the interests of and products. The List includes more than 510 kinds nomenclature stability, conflicts such as these are overlooked (species, subspecies, varieties, and cultivars) of bamboo to allow continued use of familiar names rather than the available in the US and Canada, and many bamboo-related creation of new ones. The Source List editors reserve the products. right to continue recognizing widely used names that may not be fully in accord with the International Code of The ABS produces the Source List as a public service. It is Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) and to published on the ABS website: www.Bamboo.org . Copies are recognize identical cultivar names in different species of the sent to all ABS members and can also be ordered from ABS same genus as long as the species is stated. for $5.00 postpaid. Some ABS chapters and listed vendors also sell the Source List. Please see page 3 for ordering Many new bamboo cultivars still require naming, description, information and pages 50 and following for more information and formal publication. Growers with new cultivars should about the American Bamboo Society, its chapters, and consider publishing articles in the ABS magazine, membership application. “Bamboo.” Among other requirements, keep in mind that new cultivars must satisfy three criteria: distinctiveness, The vendor sources for plants, products, and services are uniformity, and stability. -
Indocalamus Latifolius) Under Heavy Metal Stress
Hindawi e Scientific World Journal Volume 2018, Article ID 1219364, 6 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1219364 Research Article Growth Responses and Photosynthetic Indices of Bamboo Plant (Indocalamus latifolius) under Heavy Metal Stress Abolghassem Emamverdian ,1,2 Yulong Ding ,1,3 Farzad Mokhberdoran ,4 and Yinfeng Xie1,2 1 Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China 2College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China 3Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China 4Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad 94531, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Yulong Ding; [email protected] Received 17 May 2018; Accepted 8 July 2018; Published 15 July 2018 Academic Editor: Zhenli He Copyright © 2018 Abolghassem Emamverdian et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Investigating factors involved in the alleviation of the toxic efects of heavy metals (HMs) on plants is regarded as one of the important research concerns in the environmental feld. Te southern regions of China are severely impacted by human-induced heavy metal (HM) contamination, which poses an impediment to growth and productivity of bamboo (Indocalamus latifolius) plants. Tis necessitates the investigation of the efects of HMs on growth and physiological properties of bamboo. Terefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate some gas exchange and growth parameters in two-year-old bamboo species under HMs stress. -
Growth Characteristics of Dwarf Bamboo Distributed in the Northern Part of Japan 187 Widely [1, 8]
DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.68541 Provisional chapter Chapter 11 Growth Characteristics of Dwarf Bamboo Distributed in Growththe Northern Characteristics Part of Japan of Dwarf Bamboo Distributed in the Northern Part of Japan Masazumi Kayama and Takayoshi Koike Masazumi Kayama and Takayoshi Koike Additional information is available at the end of the chapter Additional information is available at the end of the chapter http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.68541 Abstract Dwarf bamboo is a dominant forest floor species, especially in the northern part of Japan. Sasa kurilensis, Sasa senanensis and Sasa nipponica are widely distributed in this region. Growth characteristics of these three Sasa species are also different: leaf longevity ofS. kuri- lensis is 3–5 years. In contrast, leaf longevity of S. senanensis and S. nipponica are 2 years and <1 year, respectively. We predicted that ecophysiological characteristics of the three Sasa species would reflect their leaf longevity; however, their characteristics were still not well analysed. We examined ecophysiological parameters of the three Sasa species grown under the same environment. Net photosynthetic rate at light saturation (Psat) and nitrogen concen- tration (N) of S. nipponica showed high values after flushing. However, culms of S. nipponica were dropped after overwintering, and Psat of the 2-year-old leaves drastically decreased. Meanwhile, Psat of the current leaves of S. kurilensis was lower than the other two species. However, Psat of 2-year-old leaves of S. kurilensis still maintained a relatively high value. Psat of the current leaves of S. senanensis was higher than that of S. kurilensis even though N was the same. -
Download Bamboo Records (Public Information)
Status Date Accession Number Names::PlantName Names::CommonName Names::Synonym Names::Family No. Remaining Garden Area ###########2012.0256P Sirochloa parvifolia Poaceae 1 African Garden ###########1989.0217P Thamnocalamus tessellatus mountain BamBoo; "BergBamBoes" in South Africa Poaceae 1 African Garden ###########2000.0025P Aulonemia fulgor Poaceae BamBoo Garden ###########1983.0072P BamBusa Beecheyana Beechy BamBoo Sinocalamus Beechyana Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2003.1070P BamBusa Burmanica Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2013.0144P BamBusa chungii White BamBoo, Tropical Blue BamBoo Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2007.0019P BamBusa chungii var. BarBelatta BarBie BamBoo Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########1981.0471P BamBusa dolichoclada 'Stripe' Poaceae 2 BamBoo Garden ###########2001.0163D BamBusa dolichoclada 'Stripe' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2012.0069P BamBusa dolichoclada 'Stripe' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########1981.0079P BamBusa dolichomerithalla 'Green Stripe' Green Stripe Blowgun BamBoo Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########1981.0084P BamBusa dolichomerithalla 'Green Stripe' Green Stripe Blowgun BamBoo Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2000.0297P BamBusa dolichomerithalla 'Silverstripe' Blowpipe BamBoo 'Silverstripe' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2013.0090P BamBusa emeiensis 'Flavidovirens' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2011.0124P BamBusa emeiensis 'Viridiflavus' Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########1997.0152P BamBusa eutuldoides Poaceae 1 BamBoo Garden ###########2003.0158P BamBusa eutuldoides -
Disappearance of Nezasa Dwarf Bamboo (Pleioblastus Variegatus Makino) After Flowering in Grazing Grassland of Aso
JARQ 31, 35-40 (1997) Disappearance of Nezasa Dwarf Bamboo (Pleioblastus variegatus Makino) after Flowering in Grazing Grassland of Aso Nobuaki KOYAMA and Yasuo OGAWA* Department of Grasslands, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station (Nishigoshi, Kumamoto, 861-11 Japan) Abstract Nezasa bamboo (Pleioblastus variegatus Makino) is an important native plant for grazing of beef cows in the grasslands of Aso area. In 1992 nezasa bamboo flowered over 2,150 ha of grassland in the northern somma of Aso volcano. The current studies were carried out to investigate the effects of flowering on yearly changes in the above- and underground parts of nezasa bamboo. In the flowering year (1992) the amount of aboveground parts (44.0 g DM m-2 in June 1992) decreased to 19% of the value recorded (227.1 g DM m-2 in June 1991) in the previous year (1991). In the year after flowering (1993), the aboveground parts were scarce (only 1.3 g DM m-2 in June 1993). Dry matter weight of underground plant parts in the year of flowering decreased from spring to autumn, and the plants died after the summer. In the next year of flowering the dry matter weight continued to decrease. In 1994, the recovery of nezasa bamboo in grasslands of the northern somma of Mt. Aso was investigated. The rate of recovery was low and it was considered that 10 or more years would be required for the recovery of nezasa bamboo. Discipline: Grassland Additional key words: aboveground parts, Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus sinensis, under ground parts bamboo in the western part of Honshu, Shikoku 1 Introduction and Kyushu in 1970. -
Ornamental Grasses for the Midsouth Landscape
Ornamental Grasses for the Midsouth Landscape Ornamental grasses with their variety of form, may seem similar, grasses vary greatly, ranging from cool color, texture, and size add diversity and dimension to season to warm season grasses, from woody to herbaceous, a landscape. Not many other groups of plants can boast and from annuals to long-lived perennials. attractiveness during practically all seasons. The only time This variation has resulted in five recognized they could be considered not to contribute to the beauty of subfamilies within Poaceae. They are Arundinoideae, the landscape is the few weeks in the early spring between a unique mix of woody and herbaceous grass species; cutting back the old growth of the warm-season grasses Bambusoideae, the bamboos; Chloridoideae, warm- until the sprouting of new growth. From their emergence season herbaceous grasses; Panicoideae, also warm-season in the spring through winter, warm-season ornamental herbaceous grasses; and Pooideae, a cool-season subfamily. grasses add drama, grace, and motion to the landscape Their habitats also vary. Grasses are found across the unlike any other plants. globe, including in Antarctica. They have a strong presence One of the unique and desirable contributions in prairies, like those in the Great Plains, and savannas, like ornamental grasses make to the landscape is their sound. those in southern Africa. It is important to recognize these Anyone who has ever been in a pine forest on a windy day natural characteristics when using grasses for ornament, is aware of the ethereal music of wind against pine foliage. since they determine adaptability and management within The effect varies with the strength of the wind and the a landscape or region, as well as invasive potential. -
Forestry Department ON
Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR) GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 2005 INDIA COUNTRY REPORT ON BAMBOO RESOURCES NEW DELHI, MAY 2005 Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005 Working Paper 118 1 Rome, 2006 FRA WP 118 Country Report on Bamboo Resources India TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL GUIDELINES --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 GENERAL INFORMATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 1 TABLE T1 – EXTENT OF BAMBOO FORESTS----------------------------------------- 3 1.1 GBRA 2005 CATEGORIES AND DEFINITIONS------------------------------------------------------- 3 1.2 NATIONAL DATA ON BAMBOO RESOURCES -------------------------------------------------------- 3 1.2.1 Data sources ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1.2.2 Classification and definitions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1.2.3 Original data------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1.3 DATA FOR NATIONAL REPORTING TABLE T1------------------------------------------------------ 3 1.4 COMMENTS TO NATIONAL REPORTING TABLE T1 ------------------------------------------------ 3 2 TABLE T2 – OWNERSHIP OF BAMBOO FORESTS ---------------------------------- 3 2.1 GBRA 2005 CATEGORIES AND DEFINITIONS------------------------------------------------------- -
AUP RESEARCH STUDIES PRESENTED at the 3Rd INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARS CONFERENCE October 20-22, 2015 Universitas Advent Indonesia Bandung, Indonesia
i AUP RESEARCH STUDIES PRESENTED at the 3rd INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARS CONFERENCE OCTOBER 20-22, 2015 UNIVERSITAS ADVENT INDONESIA BANDUNG, INDONESIA Available online at http://3rdscholarsconf.unai.edu/?page_id=8 Electronic ISSN : 2476-9606 Organized by: Universitas Advent Indonesia Bandung, Indonesia Adventist University of the Philippines Puting Kahoy, Silang, Cavite Asia-Pacific International University Muak Lek, Saraburi, Thailand Universitas Klabat Manado, Indonesia University Research Journal Volume 18 No. 2 December 2015 ii Adventist University of the Philippines Telephone: (049)-541-1211 Website: www.aup.edu.ph Copyright © 2015 by AUP Printing Press All rights reserved No part of this publication may be produced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without permission in writing from the publisher. PRINTED IN THE PHILIPPINES ISSN 1655-5619 December 2015 Volume 18 No.2 University Research Journal iii UNIVERSITY RESEARCH COUNCIL Chair: Dr. Miriam P. Narbarte Vice President, Academics Co-Chair: Dr. Jolly S. Balila Director, University Research Center Secretary: Dr. Lorcelie B. Taclan Research Consultant, University Research Center Members: Dr. Edwin A. Balila Dean, College of Science and Technology Dr. Flor Villa P. Marticio Dean, College of Arts and Humanities Dr. Lualhati P. Sausa Dean, College of Business Dr. Marissa H. Virgines Dean, College of Dentistry Dr. Gracel Ann S. Saban Dean, College of Education Dr. Miriam R. Estrada Dean, College of Health Prof. Susy A. Jael Dean, College of Nursing Dr. Julio C. Amurao REVIEWERS Dean, College of Theology Mrs. Eunice M. Carpizo Cynthia C. Quintana, RN, MSN Director, Community Extension Professor, Graduate School of Nursing, Arellano University Mrs.