Changes in Plant Functional Groups During Secondary Succession in a Tropical Montane Rain Forest
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Forestry Department ON
Forestry Department Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR) GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 2005 INDIA COUNTRY REPORT ON BAMBOO RESOURCES NEW DELHI, MAY 2005 Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005 Working Paper 118 1 Rome, 2006 FRA WP 118 Country Report on Bamboo Resources India TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL GUIDELINES --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 GENERAL INFORMATION ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 1 TABLE T1 – EXTENT OF BAMBOO FORESTS----------------------------------------- 3 1.1 GBRA 2005 CATEGORIES AND DEFINITIONS------------------------------------------------------- 3 1.2 NATIONAL DATA ON BAMBOO RESOURCES -------------------------------------------------------- 3 1.2.1 Data sources ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1.2.2 Classification and definitions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1.2.3 Original data------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1.3 DATA FOR NATIONAL REPORTING TABLE T1------------------------------------------------------ 3 1.4 COMMENTS TO NATIONAL REPORTING TABLE T1 ------------------------------------------------ 3 2 TABLE T2 – OWNERSHIP OF BAMBOO FORESTS ---------------------------------- 3 2.1 GBRA 2005 CATEGORIES AND DEFINITIONS------------------------------------------------------- -
Status of Bamboo in India
International Journal of Economic Plants 2019, 6(1):030-039 Review Article Doi: HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.23910/IJEP/2019.6.1.0288 Status of Bamboo in India Salil Tewari1*, Harshita Negi1 and R. Kaushal2 1Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttrakhand (263 145), India 2ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, Uttrakhand (248 195), India Corresponding Author Article History Salil Tewari Article ID: IJEP0288 e-mail: [email protected] Received in 15th February, 2019 Received in revised form 21st February, 2019 Accepted in final form 24th February, 2019 Abstract Bamboos are very important forest resources found in the forest as well as the non-forest area in the country. The total bamboo bearing area of India is estimated to be 15.69 million hectares. Endemism in Indian bamboos is of a very high order. The maximum concentration of species is found in the deciduous and semi-evergreen regions of North-east and the tropical moist deciduous forests of North and South India. The North-eastern hilly States of India harbor nearly 90 species of bamboos, 41 of which are endemic to that region. There are 3 large genera (Bambusa, Dendrocalamus, and Ochlandra) of bamboos in India with more than 10 species each. Together, these three genera represent about 45% of the total bamboo species found in India. On the other hand, there are some genera which are represented by only one species each e.g. Ampelocalamus, Sarocalamus, Chimonobambusa, Pseudostachyum and Stapletonia. Bamboos in India show a great diversity in both their habitat and habit of growth. -
THE BAMBOOS of NEPAL and BHUTAN PART III: Drepanostachyum, Himalayacalamus, Ampelocalamus, Neomicrocalamus and Chimonobambusa (Gramineae: Poaceae, Bambusoideae)
EDINB. J. BOT. 51(3): 301–330 (1994) THE BAMBOOS OF NEPAL AND BHUTAN PART III: Drepanostachyum, Himalayacalamus, Ampelocalamus, Neomicrocalamus and Chimonobambusa (Gramineae: Poaceae, Bambusoideae) C. M. A. S TAPLETON * This paper completes the systematic treatment of the bamboos of Nepal and Bhutan, covering five genera from subtropical to lower temperate zones. Three further genera from the subtribe Arundinariinae Bentham are included: Drepanostachyum Keng f., Himalayacalamus Keng f., and Ampelocalamus Chen, Wen & Sheng . They have semelauctant ebracteate inflorescences, pachymorph rhizomes, and 3 stamens. Neomicrocalamus Keng f. has semel- auctant bracteate inflorescences and 6 stamens, and is in the new subtribe described here, Racemobambosinae. Chimonobambusa Makino has bracteate inflorescences and 3 stamens and is the only Himalayan genus in the subtribe Shibataeinae (Nakai) Soderstrom & Ellis. A new Drepanostachyum species from Bhutan is described as D. annulatum. Himalayacalamus , which was originally described as a monotypic genus, is enlarged by the description of five new species, H. asper , H. brevinodus , H. cupreus , H. fimbriatus , and H. porcatus , all from Nepal. A Himalayan representative of the genus Ampelocalamus , A. patellaris , is transferred from Dendrocalamus. Neomicrocalamus andro- pogonifolius from eastern Bhutan is transferred from Bambusa . STATUS AND S EPARATION OF THE G ENERA These genera have all been considered to be part of Arundinaria Michaux at one time. The type species of the genera Drepanostachyum Keng f. , Ampelocalamus Chen, Wen & Sheng, Neomicrocalamus Keng f., and Chimonobambusa Makino were originally described as species of Arundinaria Michaux, while the type species of Himalayacalamus was initially described as a species of Thamnocalamus Munro, before being transferred into Arundinaria . -
A New Genus of Temperate Woody Bamboos
A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeys 109: 67–76 (2018) A new genus of temperate woody bamboos... 67 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.109.27566 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://phytokeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A new genus of temperate woody bamboos (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Arundinarieae) from a limestone montane area of China Yu-Xiao Zhang1,2, Peng-Fei Ma2, De-Zhu Li2 1 Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan 650224, China 2 Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China Corresponding author: De-Zhu Li ([email protected]) Academic editor: C. Morden | Received 19 June 2018 | Accepted 12 September 2018 | Published 12 October 2018 Citation: Zhang Y-X, Ma P-F, Li D-Z (2018) A new genus of temperate woody bamboos (Poaceae, Bambusoideae, Arundinarieae) from a limestone montane area of China. PhytoKeys 109: 67–76. https://doi.org/10.3897/ phytokeys.109.27566 Abstract Ampelocalamus calcareus is a climbing and slender bamboo, known from south Guizhou, China. This species grows in broadleaved forests of limestone montane areas. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that A. calcareus was sister to all other lineages of the tribe Arundinarieae rather than a member of Ampelocalamus. The morphological features and habitats of A. calcareus and related genera including Ampelocalamus, Drepanostachyum and Himalayacalamus were compared and discussed. The characteristics of the branch complements, nodes and foliage leaves distinguish A. calcareus from morpho- logically similar taxa. On the basis of molecular and morphological evidence, we propose to establish a new genus, Hsuehochloa, to accommodate A. -
Proposed Sampling of Woody Bamboos and Outgroups (Oryzeae, Olyreae, Streptogyneae) for the Bamboo Phylogeny Project
Proposed sampling of woody bamboos and outgroups (Oryzeae, Olyreae, Streptogyneae) for the Bamboo Phylogeny Project. * = monotypic genus; # = DNA at ISU or Fairchild; & = silica gel dried leaf material at ISU; C = in cultivation in the U.S.; ¸ = sequenced or scored; - = to be sequenced or scored; p = partially complete; e = expected from ongoing projects (symbols in green = E. Widjaja in Indonesia; symbols in red = Li De-Zhu in China; symbols in blue = Trevor Hodkinson in Ireland). Type species for a genus in boldface. Total number of taxa for sequencing: 160 (6 OG + 30 NT Clade + 90 P + 34 N) Total number of taxa for AFLPs (46 NT clade + 2 OG): 48 (-32 sequenced = 16 additional) Total number of taxa in study: 176 (for two rounds) Taxon rbcL ndhF rpl16 trnL- morph intron trnF # of taxa already sequenced or scored 18 31 51 39 49 # of taxa to be sequenced or scored 142 129 109 121 127 ORYZEAE Oryza sativa ¸ ¸ ¸ ¸ ¸ STREPTOGYNEAE Streptogyna americana # ¸ ¸ ¸ - ¸ Streptogyna crinita (Africa, S India, Sri Lanka) - p - - - OLYREAE Buergersiochloa bambusoides # (PNG) - ¸ ¸ - ¸ Pariana radiciflora # & - ¸ ¸ ¸ ¸ Sucrea maculata # & - ¸ ¸ - ¸ BAMBUSEAE (81-98 g, 1,290 spp) NORTH TEMPERATE CLADE Subtribe Arundinariinae (13-22 g, 287 spp) Acidosasa chinensis # (China) - - - - - Acidosasa purpurea # - - - - - Ampelocalamus patellaris # - - - - - Ampelocalamus scandens #C # - ¸ ¸ ¸ p Arundinaria gigantea #&C ## ? ¸ ¸ ¸ ¸ Bashania faberi C? (China) - - - - - Bashania fargesii #&C # - ¸ - ¸ p Borinda macclureana (China, Tibet) # - - - ¸ - Borinda frigida -
A Tool for Binary Representations of Unordered Multistate Characters (With Examples from Genomic Data)
1001 - A tool for binary representations of unordered multistate characters (with examples from genomic data) Mavrodiev E. V 1 1University of Florida, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [email protected] s t n i Abstract. In modern molecular systematics, matrices of unordered multistate characters, r P such as DNA sequence alignments, are used for analysis with no further re-coding e r procedures nor any a priori determination of character polarity. Here we present 1001, a P simple freely available Python-based tool that helps re-code matrices of non-additive characters as different types of binary matrices. Despite to the historical basis, our analytical approach to DNA and protein data has never been properly investigated since the beginning of the molecular age. The polarized matrices produced by 1001 can be used as the proper inputs for Cladistic analysis, as well as used as inputs for future three-taxon permutations. The 1001 binary representations of molecular data (not necessary polarized) may also be used as inputs for different parametric software. This may help to reduce the complicated sets of assumptions that normally precede either Bayesian or Maximum Likelihood analyses. 1 PeerJ PrePrints | https://dx.doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1153v1 | CC-BY 4.0 Open Access | rec: 2 Jun 2015, publ: 2 Jun 2015 Introduction In an un-polarized, binary matrix the states 0 and 1 do not represent a hypothesis of character polarity. In an polarized binary matrix character-states 0 and 1 are considered to be plesimorphic (“primitive”) and apomorphic (“derived”) respectively apriori to analysis (see Kitching et al. -
Bamboos Flower After the Return of an Appropriate Sun-Moon Phasing
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.11.448081; this version posted June 11, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Bamboos flower after the return of an appropriate sun-moon phasing Benoit Clerget CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France E-mail [email protected] Abstract All Asian woody bamboo species of economic importance are semelparous [1]. They remain vegetative during time intervals that are specific to each species and range from three to 120 years, with notable concentrations around a series of values (3, 7-8, 14-17, 29-36, 42-48, 61- 64, and 120 years) [2],[3]. Then, they flower gregariously within a short period. As with all grasses, they are monocarpic and produce a large quantity of seeds before dying. Entire forests temporarily disappear during these periods, and the dates of these dramatic events have been recorded over the last 200 years [1],[4]. I have found that the concentrations of flowering cycles were highly correlated with the series of successive returns of almost the same sun-moon phasing as at seedling emergence. On basis of knowledge on plant photoperiod sensitivity [5],[6], I hypothesize that bamboo plants i) run a lunar cellular clock that is set at the full moon, ii) retain in their cellular memory the exact sun-moon phasing of the year of their emergence as seedlings, and iii) inhibit flowering until the occurrence of a unique, species-specific sun-moon phasing that is shifted by a precise amount from the sun-moon phasing at their emergence. -
A Note on Thetaxonomic Problems, Ecology and Distribution of Bamboos in Bangladesh
1992 J. Amer. Bamboo Soc. Vol. 9 No. 1&2 ------------- ----------------------------- M.KAiarn*: A Note on theTaxonomic Problems, Ecology and Distribution of Bamboos in Bangladesh Abstract There are records of 22 bamboo species under 9 genera from Bangladesh. Presently the number of taxa is regarded to be more. In the present paper a list of bamboos occurring in Bangladesh with their vernacular names and distribution in Bangladesh has been given. Few taxonomic problems regarding Bambusa tulda-longispiculata-nutans-teres complex and "bethua"-"parua" problems have been discussed. A brief note on the ecology regarding the occurrence of bamboos in Bangladesh has been included. Introduction Bamboos are plants of enormous importance to the rural people in several regions of the world, but their usefulness is great in Bangladesh. In Bangladesh, bamboos are used for house construction, scaffolding, ladders, mats, baskets, fencing, tool-handles, pipes, toys, fishing rods, fishing traps, handicrafts, etc., and for several other articles of everyday use. In some parts of the country, the bamboo leaves are used as thatching materials and it is a good fodder. For tropical countries, bamboo is one of the important raw materials for paper industries. Bamboos are planted for hedges and landscaping. Bamboo groves also act as a wind break and prevent soil erosion. The young tender shoots of bamboos are eaten as delicious vegetables. These young shoots, locally known as "banskorol" are much eaten by the tribal people of Bangladesh during the rainy season. Considering the wide range of uses as construction material, it is called the "poor man's timber." Bangladesh lies on both sides of the Tropic of Cancer and the 90° East Meridian. -
Poaceae: Bambusoideae) Reveals Ten Major Lineages and Low Rate of Molecular Divergence
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56 (2010) 821–839 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Large multi-locus plastid phylogeny of the tribe Arundinarieae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) reveals ten major lineages and low rate of molecular divergence Chun-Xia Zeng a,b,c,1, Yu-Xiao Zhang a,b,c,1, Jimmy K. Triplett d, Jun-Bo Yang a,c, De-Zhu Li a,c,* a Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, PR China b Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China c Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, PR China d Department of Biology, National Museum of Natural History, MRC 166, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA article info abstract Article history: The temperate bamboos (tribe Arundinarieae) are notorious for being taxonomically extremely difficult. Received 30 December 2009 China contains some of the world’s greatest diversity of the tribe Arundinarieae, with most genera and Revised 31 March 2010 species endemic. Previous investigation into phylogenetic relationships of the temperate bamboos Accepted 31 March 2010 revealed several major clades, but emphasis on the species-level relationships among taxa in North Available online 8 April 2010 America and Japan. To further elucidate relationships among the temperate bamboos, a very broad sam- pling of Chinese representatives was examined. We produced 9463 bp of sequences from eight non-cod- Keywords: ing chloroplast regions for 146 species in 26 genera and 5 outgroups. -
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 96 (2016) 118–129
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 96 (2016) 118–129 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Multi-locus plastid phylogenetic biogeography supports the Asian hypothesis of the temperate woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) q Xian-Zhi Zhang a,b,d, Chun-Xia Zeng b, Peng-Fei Ma a,b, Thomas Haevermans c, Yu-Xiao Zhang a,b, ⇑ ⇑ Li-Na Zhang a,b,d, Zhen-Hua Guo b, , De-Zhu Li a,b, a Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China b Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China c Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité ISYEB, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7205, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Muséum national d’histoire naturelle/École Pratique des Hautes Études/Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 Rue Cuvier, CP39, F-75231 Paris cedex 05, France d Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China article info abstract Article history: In this paper we investigate the biogeography of the temperate woody bamboos (Arundinarieae) using a Received 19 June 2015 densely-sampled phylogenetic tree of Bambusoideae based on six plastid DNA loci, which corroborates Revised 22 November 2015 the previously discovered 12 lineages (I–XII) and places Kuruna as sister to the Chimonocalamus clade. Accepted 26 November 2015 Biogeographic analyses revealed that the Arundinarieae diversified from an estimated 12 to 14 Mya, Available online 23 December 2015 and this was followed by rapid radiation within the lineages, particularly lineages IV, V and VI, starting from c. -
Poaceae) Jordan Kinsley Teisher Washington University in St
Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations Arts & Sciences Summer 8-15-2016 Systematics and Evolution of the Arundinoideae and Micrairoideae (Poaceae) Jordan Kinsley Teisher Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds Recommended Citation Teisher, Jordan Kinsley, "Systematics and Evolution of the Arundinoideae and Micrairoideae (Poaceae)" (2016). Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 900. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds/900 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts & Sciences at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences Evolution, Ecology and Population Biology Dissertation Examination Committee: Barbara Schaal, Chair Elizabeth Kellogg, Co-Chair Garland Allen Gerrit Davidse Allan Larson Peter Raven Systematics and Evolution of the Arundinoideae and Micriaroideae (Poaceae) by Jordan K. Teisher A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2016 St. Louis, Missouri © 2016, Jordan K. Teisher Table -
Phylogeny and Classification of the Bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) Based on Molecular and Morphological Data Wei-Ping Zhang Iowa State University
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1996 Phylogeny and classification of the bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) based on molecular and morphological data Wei-Ping Zhang Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Zhang, Wei-Ping, "Phylogeny and classification of the bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) based on molecular and morphological data " (1996). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 11430. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/11430 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UME fihns the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reprodactioii is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, begiiming at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.