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ADS-B and Other Means of Surveillance Implementation Status

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ADS-B and Other Means of Surveillance Implementation Status ADS-B and other means of surveillance implementation status May 15th, 2018 ADS-B and other means of surveillance implementation status Control Approved by Nicolas Date Signature Warinsko 14/05/2018 Signed General Manager Reviewed by Mariagrazia Date Signature La Piscopia 10/05/2018 Signed Head of Strategy, Technical and Operations Prepared by Cristian Date Signature Pradera 07/05/2018 Signed DP Planning Manager Heiko Teper Deputy Head of Strategy, Technical and Operations - DP Realisation Manager 2 ADS-B and other means of surveillance implementation status Table of contents Executive summary .................................................................................. 5 Introduction ............................................................................................. 6 1. Context ............................................................................................ 7 2. Surveillance systems ....................................................................... 9 2.1. Radar ........................................................................................................ 9 2.2. Multilateration ......................................................................................... 10 2.3. ADS-B ...................................................................................................... 10 2.4. Surveillance information in ATM systems ................................................. 12 3. Reporting Approach ....................................................................... 13 4. Current status ............................................................................... 14 4.1. Mode S .................................................................................................... 14 4.1.1 Ground segment – Airspace and Airport surveillance.......................................................... 14 4.2. Multilateration ......................................................................................... 16 4.2.1 Ground segment – Airspace and Airport surveillance.......................................................... 16 4.3. ADS-B ...................................................................................................... 18 4.3.1 Ground ADS-B segment – Airspace and Airport surveillance ............................................... 18 4.3.2 Airborne ADS-B segment ............................................................................................... 19 4.3.3 Space based ADS-B ....................................................................................................... 22 4.4. Current overall implementation outlook ................................................... 22 5. Future status ................................................................................. 25 5.1. Mode S .................................................................................................... 25 5.1.1 Ground segment in 2020 – Airspace and Airport surveillance .............................................. 25 5.1.2 Ground segment beyond 2020 – Airspace and Airport surveillance ...................................... 27 5.1.3 Mode S implementation expected timeline ........................................................................ 28 5.2. Multilateration ......................................................................................... 29 5.2.1 Ground segment in 2020 – Airspace and Airport surveillance .............................................. 29 5.2.2 Ground segment beyond 2020 – Airspace and Airport surveillance ...................................... 30 5.2.3 Multilateration implementation expected timeline .............................................................. 32 5.3. ADS-B ...................................................................................................... 32 5.3.1 Ground ADS- B segment in 2020 – Airspace and Airport surveillance ................................... 32 5.3.2 Ground ADS-B segment beyond 2020 – Airspace and Airport surveillance ............................ 34 5.3.3 Ground based ADS-B implementation expected timeline .................................................... 36 5.3.4 Airborne ADS-B segment ............................................................................................... 37 3 ADS-B and other means of surveillance implementation status 5.3.5 Space based ADS-B ....................................................................................................... 37 5.4. Overall implementation outlook in and beyond 2020 ................................ 37 6. Other considerations ..................................................................... 41 6.1. Spectrum congestion issues ..................................................................... 41 6.2. Common point of failure .......................................................................... 42 6.3. Certification of GNSS for Safety of Life provision ...................................... 43 6.4. Other national security aspects................................................................ 44 7. Main findings ................................................................................. 47 7.1. Ground segment ...................................................................................... 47 7.2. Airborne segment .................................................................................... 47 7.3. New international requirements .............................................................. 47 7.4. Way forward ............................................................................................ 47 Appendix A – ADS-B Surveys .................................................................. 49 Ground surveillance .......................................................................................... 49 Airborne surveillance ........................................................................................ 53 Appendix B – List of Respondents .......................................................... 54 4 ADS-B and other means of surveillance implementation status Executive summary Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is a surveillance technique that relies on aircraft broadcasting their identity, position, and other information derived from on board systems. This signal can be received for surveillance purposes on the ground (ADS-B Out) or on board of the aircraft (ADS-B In). As requested by the European Commission through its letter Ref. Ares(2018)1019272 - dated 15/02/2018 and in order to provide a clear and complete picture of the current situation of ADS- B implementation in Europe that could support the development, the consultation and the execution of an ADS-B recovery plan, the SDM has carried out a survey contacting all the Operational Stakeholders (ground and airborne) affected by the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1207/2011 and its amendments (EU) No 1028/2014 and (EU) No 2017/386, referred as “the Regulation” in this report. SDM has also contacted one main European supplier to check industry’s capability to deliver timely. Finally, SDM has investigated the deployment and, where relevant, decommissioning of other means of surveillance. The results are collected within this report and show the current status and the future plans of Mode S radars, Multilateration (MLAT) / Wide Area Multilateration (WAM), and ADS-B stations. The analysis of the data shows that most of the European airspace and main airports have ADS- B coverage, either by ADS-B stations or Mode S and WAM/MLAT systems. Furthermore, there are clear plans by the ANSPs to improve the overall coverage. It has to be noted that many ANSPs are, via WAM or ADS-B, capable to receive and process the ADS-B data and that some degree of operational use of the airborne ADS-B transmissions is already well established. The geographical and functional extent of such use is highly variable. Nowadays, ADS-B is considered as one of the layer of Air Traffic Service (ATS) Surveillance needed to ensure current separation minima. Whilst the use of ADS-B in Non Radar Airspace is supported by ED126, acceptance of ADS-B as a potential sole means of surveillance in all airspaces may require some key challenges highlighted in this report to be solved (see chapter 1). This report also provides the status of the aircraft equipage regarding ADS-B Out capability (transponder ED-102A (DO-260B) compliant with the Regulation). Out of 3108 aircraft reported through the surveys, only 613 (~20%) are equipped and certified with the ED-102A (DO-260B) transponder. It can be assumed that this percentage is a good representation of the overall European fleet equipage rate. This figure is in line with some of the Airbus aircraft equipage rate (~21% for the A320 family and ~31% for the A330/A340 family). This capability is largely comprised of forward fit installations, whilst the retro-fit plans reported by the Airspace Users show very few airlines planning to install the DO-260B transponder to be compliant by 2020. However, even if beyond the scope of the survey, it should be noted that many aircrafts are able to transmit ADS-B as they are equipped with ED-102 (DO-260 and DO- 260A transponders) but they are not fulfilling the quality requirements defined in the Regulation. Other aspects like the spectrum congestion, certification of GNSS1 or national security are also addressed in the report in order to provide a complete and holistic view of the overall ADS-B situation in Europe. 1 Global Navigation Satellite System 5 ADS-B
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