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american academy of arts & sciences summer 2007 Bulletin vol. lx, no. 4 Page 6 Stem Cell Challenges in Biology and Public Policy Douglas A. Melton Page 13 Education in the Developing World David E. Bloom, Michael R. Kremer, and Gene B. Sperling Page 23 A Poetry Reading by Galway Kinnell Page 33 Stem Cells: Politics and Promise Irving L. Weissman inside: The Future of the Media in Society, Page 1 Sloan and Teagle Foundations Support Academy Research Programs, Page 2 Hellman Fellowship in Science Policy, Page 5 Presentations by Academy Fellows Darlene Clark Hine and Barbara Newman, Page 26 Calendar of Events Saturday, Wednesday, October 6, 2007 November 14, 2007 Stated Meeting and Induction Ceremo- Stated Meeting–Cambridge ny–Cambridge Contents Harvard University’s New Allston Campus Location: Sanders Theatre, Harvard Uni- versity Speakers: Stefan Behnisch (Behnisch Ar- Update chitekten) and Christopher Gordon (All- The Future of the Media in Society 1 Time: 3:30 p.m. ston Development Group, Harvard Univer- sity) Support for Academy’s Research Programs 2 Sunday, Location: House of the Academy October 7, 2007 Visiting Scholars Program 4 Time: 5:30 p.m. Stated Meeting–Cambridge Hellman Fellowship in Science Policy 5 Energy and Climate Change Tuesday, November 20, 2007 Speakers: Rosina M. Bierbaum (University Academy Meetings of Michigan), Richard A. Meserve (Carnegie Stated Meeting–Berkeley Institution of Washington), William K. In Cambridge Reilly (Aqua International Partners, LP), The World’s Energy Problem and What We Can Stem Cell Challenges in Biology and Richard L. Revesz (New York University) Do About It and Public Policy Location: House of the Academy Speaker: Steven Chu (Lawrence Berkeley Douglas A. Melton 6 National Laboratory) Time: 10:00 a.m. Education in the Developing World Location: University of California, Berkeley David E. Bloom, Michael R. Kremer, and Gene B. Sperling 13 Monday, Time: 5:30 p.m. October 15, 2007 A Poetry Reading by Galway Kinnell 23 Stated Meeting–Stanford Wednesday, An Evening of Chamber Music 25 December 12, 2007 Nuclear Power without Nuclear Proliferation In the Midwest Stated Meeting–Cambridge Speakers: Hans Blix (Weapons of Mass De- Presentations at Northwestern University struction Commission), Michael M. Performing the Passion: J.S. Bach and Darlene Clark Hine and May (Stanford University), William Perry the Gospel of John Barbara Newman 26 (Stanford University), and Scott Sagan Speaker: Margot Fassler (Yale University) (Stanford University) Gathering at the University Location: House of the Academy of Michigan 32 Location: Stanford University Time: 5:30 p.m. In the West Time: 5:30 p.m. Presentation at Stanford University Stem Cells: Politics and Promise Saturday, For information and reservations, contact the Irving L. Weissman 33 November 10, 2007 Events Of½ce (phone: 617-576-5032; email: Stated Meeting–Chicago [email protected]). Remembrances 39 The Disappearance of Species Noteworthy 41 Speakers: May Berenbaum (University of From the Archives 44 Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) and Neil L. Shubin (Field Museum and University of Chicago) Location: The Field Museum Time: 5:30 p.m. american academy of arts & sciences Program Development The Future of the Media in Society The role of a free and effective press in a service journalism? Can traditional consum- democracy and its impact on the formulation ers of news become more open to quality of public policy are at the center of two on- journalism presented in online formats? going Academy studies. The ½rst deals with Many of these questions served as the basis how information about science and technol- for discussion at an Academy meeting on the ogy is diffused through the media. It is led by “Future of News” at the Time-Life Building Donald Kennedy, former Stanford University in New York in December 2006. Hosted by President and Editor-in-Chief of Science maga- Time, Inc. Chief Executive Of½cer Ann Moore zine; and Geneva Overholser of the Univer- and chaired by former Time, Inc. Editor-in- sity of Missouri School of Journalism. The Chief Norman Pearlstine, the program in- second examines reporting on business and cluded a panel consisting of John Carroll, the economy and includes among the project former Editor of the Los Angeles Times; Jeff advisors Princeton University economists Jarvis, City University of New York journal- Alan Blinder and Alan Krueger. Both projects ism professor and blogger; Jill Abramson, take into account the impact of new tech- Managing Editor of the New York Times; nologies and evolving patterns of news con- Jonathan Klein, President of cnn/us; and sumption on economic models that have Geneva Overholser, Hurley Chair in Public long supported traditional print and broad- Affairs Reporting at the University of Mis- Photo courtesy of University Northwestern cast media. souri School of Journalism. Loren Ghiglione As Ghiglione points out, the technological To advance the study, the Academy will part- Academy Fellow Loren Ghiglione, the Richard revolution and market forces present tradi- ner with universities and other institutions Schwarzlose Professor of Media Ethics at North- tional media with enormous challenges. On- with established journalism programs to spon- western University, spent six weeks this spring as a line advertising competitors devour major sor a series of workshops designed to assess senior visiting scholar at the Academy. He is devel- sources of revenue that have long been tradi- the transformation in journalism. According oping plans to expand the Academy’s work on the tional media’s lifeblood. With advertising and to Ghiglione, the Academy’s multidiscipli- evolving role that the media are playing in our soci- circulation revenues falling, traditional media nary membership makes it an ideal convener ety, and especially the changing nature of journal- shrink their news staffs, resulting in fewer of this project. Scholars and practitioners in ism in today’s digital world. resources for serious, investigative reporting. journalism, computer science, technology, Today, the future of journalism is best de½ned business, and other ½elds can advance our Elected to the Academy in 2004, Ghiglione edited by a set of dif½cult questions. Who will pro- understanding of the future of news trans- and published newspapers in New England for vide the costly news analysis and worldwide mission–its quality, speed, and form. The twenty-six years before directing journalism pro- coverage necessary to inform citizens? Will social sciences can provide guidance on how grams at Emory University, the University of traditional media keep reinventing them- to increase the accountability of those who Southern California, and Northwestern Univer- selves to meet the demands of the economic, report and analyze the news–to make their sity for a decade. He is former President of the cultural, and technological future? How can work more professional and transparent as a American Society of Newspaper Editors and for- business, government agencies, educational way of increasing public trust. The humani- mer Dean of the Medill School of Journalism at institutions, foundations, and other nonpro- ties can offer insights into such unchanging Northwestern. ½t organizations encourage needed changes human needs as community and personal in the media? Can the sense of excitement contact in a world where digital-age technol- and experimentation that surrounds journal- ogy may diminish as well as empower the in- ism on the web lead to new models of public- dividual. Bulletin of the American Academy Summer 2007 1 Support for Academy’s Research Programs Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Awards Grant for Science Project The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation has award- Public attitudes about science and technology Fellows interested in working on this topic ed the Academy a grant to bring together are complex, informed by a variety of sources are encouraged to contact Academy ceo leading scientists and engineers, former pub- and influenced by diverse ethical, religious, Leslie Berlowitz and Program Of½cer Katie lic of½cials, policy experts, ethicists, indus- and cultural values. In certain areas–for ex- Donnelly. try executives, and others from outside the ample, global warming, biomedical research, Fellows advising on this project include scienti½c community to discuss how scien- or research on dangerous pathogens–scien- Charles Vest (National Academy of Engineer- tists can better understand and appreciate ti½c progress and public policy concerns may ing), Neal Lane (Rice University), Hunter the public’s response to various aspects of come into conflict. their work. Rawlings (Cornell University), Paul Nurse Through a series of roundtable discussions, (Rockefeller University), Alan Alda (New Considerable attention has been focused on the Academy’s new study will focus on the York City), Greg Papadopoulos (Sun Micro- strengthening public education about science public’s attitudes about a number of issues, systems), Ralph Gomory (Alfred P. Sloan and technology. The communication gap be- such as the unintended social consequences Foundation), and Alan Leshner (American tween scientists and the lay public, however, of scienti½c and technological advances; the Association for the Advancement of Sciences). remains wide, and in some quarters is grow- short- and long-term safety of the work; and This study is part of the Academy’s Initiative ing. The two strategies that are generally of- the broader ethical, religious, and social im- on Science, Engineering, and Technology, fered to help close this gap are 1) raising pub- plications. Through this effort, the Academy which examines, in broad terms, how the lic understanding of science by improving hopes to foster a sustained and more effective world of science, engineering, and technolo- science education, communication, and lit- dialogue between scientists and the public. eracy at all levels, and 2) enhancing scientists’ gy is changing; how to help the public under- ability to communicate the signi½cance of “Science communication is commonly per- stand those changes; and how we as a socie- their work to the general public.