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Gold Deposits of the World: Distribution, Geological Parameters and Gold Content

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Gold Deposits of the World: Distribution, Geological Parameters and Gold Content GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA OPEN FILE 4895 Gold deposits of the world: distribution, geological parameters and gold content P. Gosselin, B. Dubé 2005 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA OPEN FILE 4895 Gold deposits of the world: distribution, geological parameters and gold content P. Gosselin, B. Dubé 2005 ©Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2005 Available from Geological Survey of Canada 601 Booth Street Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8 Gosselin, P., Dubé, B. 2005: Gold deposits of the world: distribution, geological parameters and gold content, Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 4895, 1 CD-ROM. Open files are products that have not gone through the GSC formal publication process. Table of Contents Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................1 Disclaimer - Reserves/Resource Data ..............................................................................................1 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................2 2. Structure of the World Gold Database .........................................................................................4 2.1. Deposit Form.....................................................................................................................6 2.2. Mine Form.......................................................................................................................17 2.3. Production Form..............................................................................................................19 2.4. Resource Form ................................................................................................................21 2.5. Reference Form ...............................................................................................................23 2.6. Lookup Tables Form .......................................................................................................24 3. Deposit Summaries.....................................................................................................................25 4. Reserve/Resource Terms Definitions.........................................................................................26 5. Acknowledgments......................................................................................................................28 6. References ..................................................................................................................................29 Appendix 1: Deposit List Appendix 2: Deposit Summaries iii List of Figures Figure 1: Opening window of the GShell program with WGD loaded............................................5 Figure 2: Deposit Form with Host Rocks tabbed page activated.....................................................6 Figure 3: Inferred crustal levels of gold deposition, from Dubé et al. (2001), modified from Poulsen et al. (2000)..........................................................................................................7 Figure 4: Decision tree showing how sixteen geological types of lode gold deposits can be distinguished from one another from selected geological parametres (adapted from Poulsen et al. (2000) and Robert et al. (1997)...................................................................9 Figure 5: Deposit Form with Alteration Signature tabbed page activated .....................................12 Figure 6: Deposit Form with Radiometric Age tabbed page activated ..........................................13 Figure 7: Deposit Form with Related Igneous Rocks tabbed page activated.................................15 Figure 8: Deposit Form with References tabbed page activated....................................................16 Figure 9: Mine Form with Owner(s) tabbed page activated ..........................................................17 Figure 10: Production Form with Production Grades tabbed page activated.................................19 Figure 11: Resource Form with Resource Weights tabbed page activated....................................21 Figure 12: Reference Form.............................................................................................................23 Figure 13: Lookup Tables Form with a look at the DepStat field (Deposit Status page) value list ......................................................................................................................................24 iv Foreword This Open-File report is complemented by a poster-size geological map of the world, Open-File report 4893: Gold deposits and gold districts of the world, showing locations and sizes of all gold deposits and gold districts spread across the globe. It also displays enlargements of key gold- producing areas (such as the Abitibi Belt and Western Australia) and detailed economic figures current to at least the end of December 2002. These products are companions to the Open-File report 4896: Gold deposits of Canada, a database comprising referenced and detailed geological, geographical and economical information on 128 gold deposits, and to the Open-File report 4894: Gold deposits and gold districts of Canada, a poster-size map of Canada showing the location and size of all important gold deposits, as well as enlargements of key gold districts. Disclaimer - Reserves/Resource Data Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of Natural Resources (NRCan) does not warrant or guarantee the accuracy, completeness or fitness for any purpose of Reserve and Resource information (Data) contained in this database, including whether the Data is compliant with any securities regulations or standards, and NRCan does not assume any liability with respect to any damage or loss incurred as a result of the use made of the Data. Resource and reserve figures are historical in nature. The Data source provided with each set of figures should be cited if the Data are re-reported. 1 1. Introduction Gold deposits are an attractive and major target for many exploration and mining companies. Although the economics of gold itself has varied, the industry is especially productive in finding new gold deposits and new ways of exploiting them at minimal costs. However, gold deposits are one of the most difficult type of target as they are one of the most geologically complex type of mineral deposits. They can be hosted in a wide variety of rocks, and linked to a broad range of tectonic and geological settings. Thus, with the renewed interest in gold exploration from mineral exploration companies in the past 10 years, the need has risen for detailed geological information pertaining to gold deposits, which can be readily available on request. To support this need, the Geological Survey of Canada has launched, with the help of sponsors from the industry, the World Minerals Geoscience Database Project (see the WMGDP website at http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/gsc/mrd/wmgdb/), managed by W.D. Sinclair. The aim of the WMGDP is to produce high-quality, well-organized geoscience data sets that can be used in conjunction with GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and database software to help understand the broad relationships between global tectonics and the regional settings of mineral deposits. The Canadian Gold Database (WGD) project started in 1998 and the database provided herein is an integral part of the WMGDP, and the end-result of research and compilation by the authors during this time. Companies and organizations that have financially supported the WMGDP are BHP World Exploration, Inc., Billiton International Metals B.V. (now merged with BHP World Exploration, Inc. as BHP Billiton Limited), Barrick Gold Corporation, Cominco Ltd., Cyprus Amax Minerals Company, Inco Limited, Metal Mining Agency of Japan, North Limited, Phelps Dodge Exploration Corporation, Placer Dome Exploration Inc., Randgold Resources, Rio Tinto Mining and Exploration Limited, Teck Corporation (now merged with Cominco Limited as Teck Cominco Limited), and WMC International Limited. The World Gold Database (WGD) contains information about 452 gold deposits of all types located in 61 countries (see Appendix 1 for an alphabetical listing by countries) and covering all continents but Antartica. The term gold deposits in this report is restricted to bedrock (commonly “lode”) gold deposits and as such does not include placer deposits. The goals of the World Gold Database are: • to identify and locate large (≥1 Moz) gold deposits • to give detailed and referenced geological information • to give referenced economic (production and resources) figures • to have the information in a database frame which can be queried and updated by a third party This database is built on compilation of data from various sources: the available scientific literature, numerous databases from geological surveys or other geoscience agencies (OZMIN database from the Australian Geological Survey Organization, SAMINDABA database from the South African Council for Geoscience, MRDS database from the United States Geological Survey, Gold Resources of the Andes by David Shatwell pty Ltd.), GSC Open Files 3490, and GSC Bulletin 540 (Poulsen et al., 2000), as well as personal observations made by the second author. Field notes and personal records of former GSC colleagues F. Robert and K.H. Poulsen were also consulted. 2 Deposits considered to be “gold deposits” in this report are those in which the value of contained
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