The George Wright Society Hancock, Michigan • 2006 Board of Directors (2005) Dwight T.Pitcaithley • President Abigail B
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The George Wright Society Hancock, Michigan • 2006 Board of Directors (2005) Dwight T.Pitcaithley • President Abigail B. Miller • Vice President Jerry Emory • Treasurer Gillian Bowser • Secretary Rebecca Conard Bruce M. Kilgore Suzanne Lewis David J. Parsons John J. Reynolds William H. Walker, Jr. Stephen Woodley Executive Office David Harmon • Executive Director Emily Dekker-Fiala • Conference Coordinator GWS2005 Conference Committee David J. Parsons and Dwight T. Pitcaithley (co-chairs), Gillian Bowser, Mary Foley, Sharon Franklet, Bonnie Halda, David Reynolds, Nina Roberts, Gay Vietzke, William H. Walker, Jr. © 2006 The George Wright Society, Inc. All rights reserved Text paper 30% post-consumer recycled stock Printing by Book Concern Printers, Hancock, Michigan This book is also available on CD in PDF format. To order, go to www.georgewright.org. Citation: Harmon, David, ed. 2006. People, Places, and Parks: Proceedings of the 2005 George Wright Society Conference on Parks, Protected Areas, and Cultural Sites. Hancock, Michigan: The George Wright Society. The George Wright Society • P.O. Box 65 • Hancock, Michigan 49930-0065 USA 1-906-487-9722 • fax 1-906-487-9405 • [email protected] The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions and policies of the U.S. government, any of the other co-sponsoring or supporting organizations, or the George Wright Society. Any mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. government, any of the other co-sponsoring or supporting organizations, or the George Wright Society. Contents Introduction and Acknowledgments David Harmon 10 Integrated Management of Cultural and Natural Resources The Challenges of Creating an Integrated Approach—Nature, Culture, People—for the Conservation of the Fortifications of the Caribbean Coast of Panama Almyr M. Alba 11 At the Crossroads of Nature and Culture: Laboratory and Field Studies for Vegetation Management at Historic Sites Judith J. Bischoff, Ron Dean, Jennifer K. Herrmann, Amy James, Kyle LaFollette, Steven M. O’Neill, Janna Scott, and Heather Smith 16 The Nature of Battle: Contesting Ideals of Ecology and History at Gettysburg Brian Black 22 Wilderness Wilderness Advocacy from Aesthetic and Rational Grounds: Epistemology and Ontology as Grounds of Necessity in Wilderness Preservation Jason Bausher 29 Wilderness Zoning: Should We Purposely Manage to Different Standards? David N. Cole and Troy E. Hall 33 Reconciling Tradeoffs in Wilderness Management: A Comparison of Day and Overnight Visitors’ Attitudes and Preferences Concerning Management of the Okefenokee Swamp Wilderness Steven R. Lawson, Aurora Moldovanyi, Joseph Roggenbuck, and Troy E. Hall 39 Our Nationwide National Wilderness Preservation System Douglas W. Scott 48 Exotic, Invasive, and Other “Problem” Species Tackling Exotic Plants as a Team: Cooperate, Collaborate, and Contract James Åkerson and Norman Forder 54 Prioritize Your Exotic Plant Battles: Get Focused James Åkerson 62 An Assessment of White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and Feral Hog (Sus scrofa) Populations at Big Thicket National Preserve, Texas Pedro M. Chavarria, Roel R. Lopez, Gillian Bowser, and Nova J. Silvy 67 Controlling Pests, Preserving History, and Using Video as an Integrated Pest Management Information Tool Chris Ford 71 Regional Integrated Management of Imported Fire Ants (Solenopsis spp.) along the Natchez Trace Parkway James T. Vogt, Douglas A. Streett, Jian Chen, Larry G. Thead, Kenneth Ward, Rufina Ward, and Jason A. Oliver 76 Riparian System Recovery after Removal of Livestock from Santa Rosa Island, Channel Islands National Park, California Joel Wagner, Kate Roney Faulkner, Sarah Chaney, and Michael Martin 82 Interacting with Communities / Civic Engagement Partnerships and Protected Landscapes: New Conservation Strategies that Engage Com- munities Jessica Brown and Nora Mitchell 89 Resource Stewardship and Community Engagement at George Washington Birthplace National Monument Carol Cook, Vidal Martinez, and Wink Hastings 99 Environmental Youth Programming in Chicago: Urban Parks Make Their Impact with Place-Based Education Dayna Decker 104 Examining the Role of Community Participation in Biological Resource Management: Human Dimensions of Deer Issues in Northeastern National Park Service Units Kirsten M. Leong, Daniel J. Decker, and Margaret A. Wild 108 Bringing Civic Engagement into Richmond National Battlefield Park: The Story of Lin- coln’s 1865 Visit Cynthia MacLeod 115 What Does the Soviet Gulag Have to Do with the National Park Service? Louis Hutchins 119 Restoration and Reclamation Big Egg Marsh Experimental Restoration in Jamaica Bay, New York George W. Frame, M. Kathryn Mellander, and Douglas A. Adamo 123 Five-Year Post-Reconstruction Kingman Marsh Monitoring Project: Vegetation Richard S. Hammerschlag and Cairn C. Krafft 131 Reclamation is a Long-Term Prospect: Lessons Learned at Prince William Forest Park, Virginia Jennifer Lee 137 4 • People, Places, and Parks Snake River Restoration Efforts in Grand Teton National Park Susan E. O’Ney 142 Native Plant Restoration at Stones River National Battlefield John Vandevender 146 Sense of Place, Sense of Identity Place Identity, Place Dependence, and Place-Based Affect: Examining Their relationship to Participation in Educational and Interpretive Programs at Isle Royale National Park Laurlyn K. Harmon, Harry C. Zinn, and Mark Gleason 149 Quality of Life Indicators in Two Small Towns in the Blue Ridge Heritage Area Molly Levin 157 Between Utopia and Total Institution: Structural and Secondary Adjustments in the Andean Identity Market Pellegrino A. Luciano 162 A Social Landscape Perspective on People and Places in Amenity-Rich Rural Regions A.E. Luloff, D.R. Field, and R.S. Krannich 167 Neighborhood Park Uses by Phoenix Residents: An Exploration of Sociodemographic Differences Louis G. Machabée, Jacob J. Oleson, and Ann P. Kinzig 174 Preservation and Politics: A National Park in North Cyprus Jonathan Warner 180 Climate Change How Will Climatic Change Affect Air Quality in Parks and Wilderness? Donald McKenzie, Susan M. O’Neill, Narasimhan K. Larkin, and Robert A. Norheim 186 Climate Change Adaptation for Park Managers David Welch 194 Indigenous Peoples Native Plant Gathering Along the Village Chain Routes of Yosemite Genealogical Family Use Districts Sandra Gaskell, Anthony C. Brochini, Jay Johnson, Les James, William H. Leonard, and Danette Johnson 201 Anthropological Perspectives of Transboundary Park Impact: People of the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park, Southern Africa Natalie Grimé 208 Protected Areas, Indigenous Peoples, and the Western Idea of Nature Dennis Martinez 214 The 2005 George Wright Society Conference Proceedings • 5 Evaluating Effectiveness in Parks: Does Indigenous Co-Management Make a Difference? Joleen Timko 219 Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta: Understanding the Basis for Natural Resource Management Guillermo E. Rodríguez-Navarro 226 Tourism and Visitor Use Conservation Units, Tourism, and Environmental Impacts in the Bragantina Region, São Paulo, Brazil João Luiz Hoeffel, Almerinda A. B. Fadini, Micheli K. Machado, and Fabio Bueno de Lima 229 Making Your Visitors Count: Collecting and Archiving Visitation Data in U.S. Protected Areas Jessica Robinson, Yu-Fai Leung, and Paul F. J. Eagles 236 Denali Air Taxis: Unique Relationships with the Park and Visitors Michael J. Tranel 242 Cave and Karst Ecosystems Implementing the National Cave and Karst Research Institute Vision Louise D. Hose and Penelope J. Boston 249 The World Above, the World Below: The Three-Dimensional, Interdisciplinary Nature of Cave and Karst Stewardship Louise D. Hose, Patricia Seiser, Thomas R. Strong, and Penelope J. Boston 253 Evaluation of Cave and Karst Programs Kathleen H. Lavoie 261 Stewardship of a Hidden Landscape Patricia E. Seiser 267 Vertebrate Species Use of Cave Resources in the Carlsbad Caverns Region of the Chi- huahuan Desert Thomas R. Strong 270 Assessing the State of Natural Resources and Resource Impacts Hurricanes Winds, Tropical Storm Winds, and Tree Fragmentation James N. Burch 277 New River Gorge Natural Resource Assessment: Methodology and Critique Carolyn G. Mahan 283 6 • People, Places, and Parks A Project to Synthesize and Interpret Existing Natural Resource Information and Studies to Better Inform Park Planning in Three Northeast Region Units of the National Park Sys- tem Robert W. McIntosh 290 The Ecological Effects of Lock and Dam No. 6 in Mammoth Cave National Park Rick Olson 294 Visual Assessment of Stream Bank Conditions at Prince William Forest Park James Pieper 300 Environmental Contaminant Exposure Data and Monitoring Priorities for Wild Terrestrial Vertebrates at National Parks in Coastal and Estuarine Habitat Barnett A. Rattner, Betty K. Ackerson, Karen M. Eisenreich, and Moira A. McKernan 304 Assessing the Potential Plant Community Impacts of Not Having Grazing in a Small Prairie Park Amy J. Symstad 308 Nature-GIS: Unification of Nature Protection in Europe—Building a Unified Information System Pavel Vanis 315 Environmental Quality and Environmental Health Atmospheric Deposition Effects on Water Quality in High-Elevation Lakes of the Teton Range, Wyoming, U.S.A. Jennifer Corbin, Scott Woods, and Susan O’Ney 320 Maintaining the Biological Integrity, Diversity, and Environmental Health of the National Wildlife Refuge System Brian Czech 329 The Importance of Soundscapes in National Park Management