DOCSLIB.ORG

The George Wright Forum

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The George Wright Forum The George Wright Forum The GWS Journal of Parks, Protected Areas & Cultural Sites volume 34 number 3 • 2017 Society News, Notes & Mail • 243 Announcing the Richard West Sellars Fund for the Forum Jennifer Palmer • 245 Letter from Woodstock Values We Hold Dear Rolf Diamant • 247 Civic Engagement, Shared Authority, and Intellectual Courage Rebecca Conard and John H. Sprinkle, Jr., guest editors Dedication•252 Planned Obsolescence: Maintenance of the National Park Service’s History Infrastructure John H. Sprinkle, Jr. • 254 Shining Light on Civil War Battlefield Preservation and Interpretation: From the “Dark Ages” to the Present at Stones River National Battlefield Angela Sirna • 261 Farming in the Sweet Spot: Integrating Interpretation, Preservation, and Food Production at National Parks Cathy Stanton • 275 The Changing Cape: Using History to Engage Coastal Residents in Community Conversations about Climate Change David Glassberg • 285 Interpreting the Contributions of Chinese Immigrants in Yosemite National Park’s History Yenyen F. Chan • 299 Nānā I Ke Kumu (Look to the Source) M. Melia Lane-Kamahele • 308 A Perilous View Shelton Johnson • 315 (continued) Civic Engagement, Shared Authority, and Intellectual Courage (cont’d) Some Challenges of Preserving and Exhibiting the African American Experience: Reflections on Working with the National Park Service and the Carter G. Woodson Home National Historic Site Pero Gaglo Dagbovie • 323 Exploring American Places with the Discovery Journal: A Guide to Co-Creating Meaningful Interpretation Katie Crawford-Lackey and Barbara Little • 335 Indigenous Cultural Landscapes: A 21st-Century Landscape-scale Conservation and Stewardship Framework Deanna Beacham, Suzanne Copping, John Reynolds, and Carolyn Black • 343 A Framework for Understanding Off-trail Trampling Impacts in Mountain Environments Ross Martin and David R. Butler • 354 Seeking Park-based Science Information: Interpreters at the Gate Martha Merson, Cynthia Char, Nickolay Hristov, and Louise Allen • 368 Status and Extent of Aquatic Protected Areas in the Great Lakes Scott R. Parker, Nicholas E. Mandrak, Jeff D. Truscott, Patrick L. Lawrence, Dan Kraus, Graham Bryan, and Mike Molnar • 381 The National Park Service LGBTQ Heritage Initiative: One Year Out Megan E. Springate • 394 On the cover: Virginia State Capitol, Richmond, Virginia. The Virginia State Capitol (1785) was designated as a National Historic Landmark (NHL) as part of the commemoration of the centen- nial of the American Civil War. From 1960 until 2017 the official Interior Department name of this property was “Confederate Capitol,” a moniker that referenced its use as a seat of government from 1861–1865 rather than its association with either the oldest legislative body in the United States or its architectural qualities as designed by Thomas Jefferson. At the request of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources, Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell changed the name in early 2017 as part of an effort to update the NHL documentation of the property to recognize the panorama of its historic significance. Since the 1960s only about 3% of all National Register of Historic Places and National Historic Landmark nominations have ever been updated for content since their initial listing. Historic American Buildings Survey photo. 242 • The George Wright Forum • vol. 34 no. 3 (2017) Society News, Notes & Mail Three new members join GWS Board Three new members are joining the George Wright Society Board beginning January 1, 2018: Jerry Emory, Bill Walker, and Mike Walton, profiled below. They take over from Nath- alie Gagnon, David Graber, and Lynn Wilson. The GWS Board officers for 2018 are Jerry Mitchell, president; Dave Reynolds, vice president; Armando Quintero, treasurer; and Jen- nifer Thomsen, secretary. Jerry Emory Following work with several conservation organizations based out of both Latin America and the Western US in the 1980s, Jerry became a professional writer and communications consultant. He is the author of five books and numerous magazine articles. He worked as a consultant with The Nature Conservancy of California, the Packard Foundation’s Conserva- tion Program, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, where he was a senior commu- nications officer. Mostly recently Jerry was the vice president for communications, programs and government affairs at the California State Parks Foundation, where he worked the past 10 years. He has served on the boards of the George Wright Society and the Rose Foundation’s Northern California Environmental Grassroots Fund. A graduate of Stanford University and University of California–Berkeley, he lives with his family in Mill Valley, California. Bill Walker Bill is the cultural resources program manager for Three Rivers Park District, a 27,000-acre “Special Park District” serving the Twin Cities metropolitan region (Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota). In this role, he manages all aspects of cultural resources monitoring, pres- ervation and legal compliance, and oversees the operation of the Park District’s public his- toric sites. Bill began his career in parks and protected areas with the National Park Service, serv- ing as an interpretive park ranger at Salem Maritime National Historic Site (Salem, MA), Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site (Saugus, MA), and Virgin Islands National Park (St. John, USVI). From this early experience, Bill strongly believes that effective interpretive programming is one of the most powerful preservation tools available to resource managers, as it connects visitors with the meaning behind a park’s protected status, and empowers them toward a personal stewardship ethic. Bill holds a BA in History and Museum Studies from Gordon College (Wenham, MA) and a Masters of Education from the University of Minnesota. He is a New Yorker by birth, a New Englander by association, and a Minnesotan by marriage. Mike Walton Mike grew up in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, at a time when parents directed children to “go outside and play.” This resulted in unsupervised mounted (bicycle) and pioneer (foot) ex- The George Wright Forum • vol. 34 no. 3 (2017) • 243 ploration of parks, ravines, rivers, ponds, paths, and tracks across the city. Getting dirty and bloody in nature resulted in a life-long passion about wilderness and what parks and institu- tions do to protect it. Presently, as the senior manager for the Regional Parks system with the Capital Regional District, on Vancouver Island in Victoria, British Columbia, Mike oversees the protection and use of 13,000 hectares (32,124 acres) of parklands and regional trails that welcome 7 million visits annually. Previously, Mike worked with Parks Canada for 23 years including as field unit super- intendent, Northern Ontario; resource conservation manager, Yukon Field Unit; Aboriginal relations and federal relations business unit leader with Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries (on secondment from Parks Canada); director, parks liaison, Secretary of State (Parks); superin- tendent, Georgian Bay Islands National Park; and manager, visitor services, Pukaskwa Na- tional Park. Mike was also an assistant park superintendent, head of interpretation, and park warden with the Ontario Provincial Park System. Mike recently completed his PhD with the University of Victoria in British Columbia. His PhD research investigated the governance of protected areas, particularly sharing pow- er and decision-making. Dr. Walton also holds a M.Sc. in Parks and Recreation Resources Management from Slippery Rock University, Pennsylvania; an Honours Degree in Outdoor Recreation from Lakehead University in Thunder Bay, Ontario; and a Diploma in Economic Development from the University of Waterloo, Ontario. Mike lives in Victoria, B.C., with his wonderful and patient partner of 37 years, Sylvie. They have three grown children and two grandchildren. Mike now directs his grandchildren to “go play outside” with him. 244 • The George Wright Forum • vol. 34 no. 3 (2017) Announcing the Richard West Sellars Fund for the Forum Jennifer Palmer Dear GWS members and friends, As many of you know, our community recently lost one of our most beloved and devoted friends of parks, protected areas, and cultural sites. Richard West Sellars dedicated 35+ years of his life to the National Park Service and continued to expand his leadership through many esteemed publications, most notably his 1997 landmark book, Preserving Nature in the Na- tional Parks: A History. His ongoing contributions and service truly shined a light on the preservation of historic sites and parks management and he will be dearly missed by all of us. In honor of his legacy, the Richard West Sellars Fund for the Forum has been established to recognize the long association between Dick Sellars and the George Wright Society. The fund celebrates his personal interest in The George Wright Forum as a reader and a regular contributing author. As a life member of the George Wright Society, Dick served as our pres- ident for two years, and faithfully participated in many GWS conferences. In 2011, he was awarded the prestigious George Melendez Wright Award for Excellence. As our Society goes through some necessary transitions in the coming year, this fund will ensure that The George Wright Forum continues to maintain its standard of excellence with professional editorial direction, and that through 2018 it will continue to be published in both a hard-copy as well as an electronic format for the benefit of all Society members. It is our expectation
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Journal of History Culture and Art Research (ISSN: 2147-0626) Tarih Kültür Ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol
    Journal of History Culture and Art Research (ISSN: 2147-0626) Tarih Kültür ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi Vol. 9, No. 3, September 2020 DOI: 10.7596/taksad.v9i3.2768 Citation: Borysovych, O. V., Chaiuk, T. A., & Karpova, K. S. (2020). Black Lives Matter: Race Discourse and the Semiotics of History Reconstruction. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 9(3), 325- 340. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v9i3.2768 Black Lives Matter: Race Discourse and the Semiotics of History Reconstruction Oksana V. Borysovych1, Tetyana A. Chaiuk2, Kateryna S. Karpova3 Abstract The death of unarmed black male George Floyd, who was killed by a white police officer in Minneapolis, May 25, 2020, has given momentum to the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement whose activists rallied in different parts of the world to remove or deface monuments to historic figures associated with racism, slavery, and colonialism. These social practices of toppling statues have a discursive value and, since they are meant to communicate a message to the broader society, these actions are incorporated into a semiotic system. This study examines signs and, therefore, the system of representations involved in toppling statues performed by BLM activists and documented in photos. The research employs a critical approach to semiotics based on Roland Barthes’ (1964) semiotic model of levels of signification. However, for a comprehensive analytical understanding, the study also makes use of a multidisciplinary Critical Discourse Analysis CDA approach which provides a systematic method to examine and expose power relations, inequality, dominance, and oppression in social practices. Besides its general analytical framework, the integrated CDA approach combines Fairclough’s (1995) three-dimensional analytical approach, which presupposes examining text, discursive practice, and sociocultural practice, with Reisigl and Wodak’s (2001, 2017) Discourse Historical Analysis (DHA), which investigates ideology and racism within their socio-cultural and historic context.
    [Show full text]
  • District of Columbia Inventory of Historic Sites Street Address Index
    DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA INVENTORY OF HISTORIC SITES STREET ADDRESS INDEX UPDATED TO OCTOBER 31, 2014 NUMBERED STREETS Half Street, SW 1360 ........................................................................................ Syphax School 1st Street, NE between East Capitol Street and Maryland Avenue ................ Supreme Court 100 block ................................................................................. Capitol Hill HD between Constitution Avenue and C Street, west side ............ Senate Office Building and M Street, southeast corner ................................................ Woodward & Lothrop Warehouse 1st Street, NW 320 .......................................................................................... Federal Home Loan Bank Board 2122 ........................................................................................ Samuel Gompers House 2400 ........................................................................................ Fire Alarm Headquarters between Bryant Street and Michigan Avenue ......................... McMillan Park Reservoir 1st Street, SE between East Capitol Street and Independence Avenue .......... Library of Congress between Independence Avenue and C Street, west side .......... House Office Building 300 block, even numbers ......................................................... Capitol Hill HD 400 through 500 blocks ........................................................... Capitol Hill HD 1st Street, SW 734 .........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Namamap1.Pdf
    O STREET To National To National To Gandhi, Shevchenko, Mary McLeod Bethune To African American To Carter G. Woodson Y National Park Service Visitor Services Tourmobile Metrorail System Zoological Park and Zoological and Masaryk statues Council House E Civil War Memorial House W U K N P Rock Creek Park Park National Historic Site E E U Information Restrooms Station name Metro lines V Narrated shuttle tour between sites C N N STREET E John Witherspoon Webster Scott Samuel Hahnemann Memorial A N STREET METRO Red line A Tourmobile stop V T M A Memorial S CENTER Orange line N O E Refreshment stand Ice skating rink SCOTT CIRCLE O T T T T IR E Blue line T T T Tourmobile route U E E E M O H N E E E Entrance/exit E E E E S R P Green line V E E E A R R R to Metro station P E R R R D T T T Souvenir shop Tennis court D M N V T T T Yellow line A S S S N A L S S S S I North h h h A H E t t t D h h h 0 O t t t 0.1 0.2 0.3 Kilometer W H 2 1 0 K R 9 7 6 Bookstore Golf course E 1 1 1 Statue or E N E 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 Mile monument R k Longfellow C e K e Nuns of the Battlefield Thomas M STREET T M STREET C C r E T O O MOUNT VERNON E C E N THOMAS CIRCLE E R E Old Stone House R National SQUARE-7th STREET- N T R U Explorers E S M STREET T M STREET CONVENTION CENTER N Geographic C S E Hall T k d h V M c r I Society t C A 3 A P S 1 5 GEORGETOWN E o U S CHESAPEAKE AND N 2 T T A 2 N T N S R T C I Francis E E H Y E Georgetown Visitor Center L A U S V E E AN E SE OHIO CANAL NATIONAL V R R T N Scott Key Chesapeake and Ohio Canal IA R TT T T E T S A T S O V S S National
    [Show full text]
  • Shelton Johnson National Park Service U.S
    A PROFILE [EXCERPTED]: Shelton Johnson National Park Service U.S. Park Ranger Year Reported/Quoted: 2011 © 2014 MELDI, University of Michigan > The scenery in Shelton Johnson’s life changed drastically and often while he was growing up, but one theme remained constant: the natural world. The younger of two children in a military family, Johnson lived at various points throughout the United States, spending time in Detroit, South Carolina, California, Kansas City, and abroad in Germany and England. It was in Germany that he first remembers feeling a strong attraction to nature. “The Black Forest wasn’t very far from where we lived, and even at a young age it made a deep impact on me,” Johnson recalls. Later, while the family was living in places far from the wild, Johnson found other ways to maintain that connection. Growing up in Detroit’s inner city, wilderness seemed pretty far away, he says. But there was always public television with its programming which focused on environmental issues such as wildlife, wetlands, wilderness conservation, national parks whose programs kept alive the spark of wonder that burned inside me, that fascination for all things wild. > Johnson stayed in Michigan for his undergraduate, earning a bachelor of arts in English literature from the University of Michigan in 1981. He then joined the Peace Corps and served as an English teacher in Liberia, West Africa, where the sight, smell, and feel of the tropics made a profound impression on him. After Liberia, that spark that I had always felt became a flame, and it was getting stronger with each encounter with the natural world, Johnson says.
    [Show full text]
  • The George Wright
    THE GEORGE WRIGHT FORUvolume 23 Mnumber 1 * 2006 The ICOMOS-Ename Charter for Cultural Heritage Interpretation Origins Founded in 1980. the George Wright Society is organized for the pur­ poses of promoting the application of knowledge, fostering communica­ tion, improving resource management, and providing information to improve public understanding and appreciation of the basic purposes of natural and cultural parks and equivalent reserves. The Society is dedicat­ ed to the protection, preservation, and management of cultural and natu­ ral parks and reserves through research and education. Mission The George Wright Society advances the scientific and heritage values of parks and protected areas. The Society promotes professional research and resource stewardship across natural and cultural disciplines, provides avenues of communication, and encourages public policies that embrace these values. Our Goal The Society strives to be the premier organization connecting people, places, knowledge, and ideas to foster excellence in natural and cultural resource management, research, protection, and interpretation in parks and equivalent reserves. Board of Directors DwiGHT T. PlTCMTHLEY, President • Las Cruces, New Mexico ABIGAIL B. MILLER, Vice President • Shelhurne, Vermont JERRY EMORY, Treasurer • Mill Valley, California GILLIAN BOWSER, Secretary • Bryan, Texas REBECCA CONARD • Murfreesboro, Tennessee ROLF DiAMANT • Woodstock, Vermont SUZANNE LEWIS • Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming DAVID J. PARSONS • Florence, Montana STEPHANIE TOOTHMAN • Seattle, Washington WILLIAM H. WALKER,JR. • Herndon, Virginia STEPHEN WOODLEY • Chelsea, Quebec Executive Office DAVID HARMON, Executive Director EMILY DEKKER-FIALA, Conference Coordinator P. O. Box 65 • Hancock, Michigan 49930-0065 USA 1-906-487-9722 • fax 1-906-487-9405 [email protected] • www.georgewright.org The George Wright Society is a member of US/ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites—U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Yosemite Guide Yosemite
    Yosemite Guide Yosemite Where to Go and What to Do in Yosemite National Park July 29, 2015 - September 1, 2015 1, September - 2015 29, July Park National Yosemite in Do to What and Go to Where NPS Photo NPS 1904. Grove, Mariposa Monarch, Fallen the astride Soldiers” “Buffalo Cavalry 9th D, Troop Volume 40, Issue 6 Issue 40, Volume America Your Experience Yosemite, CA 95389 Yosemite, 577 PO Box Service Park National US DepartmentInterior of the Year-round Route: Valley Yosemite Valley Shuttle Valley Visitor Center Upper Summer-only Routes: Yosemite Shuttle System El Capitan Fall Yosemite Shuttle Village Express Lower Shuttle Yosemite The Ansel Fall Adams l Medical Church Bowl i Gallery ra Clinic Picnic Area l T al Yosemite Area Regional Transportation System F e E1 5 P2 t i 4 m e 9 Campground os Mirror r Y 3 Uppe 6 10 2 Lake Parking Village Day-use Parking seasonal The Ahwahnee Half Dome Picnic Area 11 P1 1 8836 ft North 2693 m Camp 4 Yosemite E2 Housekeeping Pines Restroom 8 Lodge Lower 7 Chapel Camp Lodge Day-use Parking Pines Walk-In (Open May 22, 2015) Campground LeConte 18 Memorial 12 21 19 Lodge 17 13a 20 14 Swinging Campground Bridge Recreation 13b Reservations Rentals Curry 15 Village Upper Sentinel Village Day-use Parking Pines Beach E7 il Trailhead a r r T te Parking e n il i w M in r u d 16 o e Nature Center El Capitan F s lo c at Happy Isles Picnic Area Glacier Point E3 no shuttle service closed in winter Vernal 72I4 ft Fall 2I99 m l E4 Mist Trai Cathedral ail Tr op h Beach Lo or M ey ses erce all only d R V iver E6 Nevada To & Fall The Valley Visitor Shuttle operates from 7 am to 10 pm and serves stops in numerical order.
    [Show full text]
  • Army Regulars on the Western Frontier, 1848-1861 / Dunvood Ball
    Amy Regulars on the WestmFrontieq r 848-1 861 This page intentionally left blank Army Regulars on the Western Frontier DURWOOD BALL University of Oklahoma Press :Norman Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ball, Dunvood, 1960- Army regulars on the western frontier, 1848-1861 / Dunvood Ball. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 0-8061-3312-0 I. West (U.S.)-History, Military-I 9th century. 2. United States. Army-History- 19th century. 3. United States-Military policy-19th century. 4. Frontier and pioneer life-West (U.S.) 5. West (US.)-Race relations. 6. Indians of North Arnerica- Government relations-1789-1869. 7. Indians of North America-West (U.S.)- History-19th century. 8. Civil-military relations-West (U.S.)-History-19th century. 9. Violence-West (U.S.)-History-I 9th century. I. Title. F593 .B18 2001 3 5~'.00978'09034-dcz I 00-047669 CIP The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources, Inc. m Copyright O 2001 by the University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Publishing Division of the University. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the U.S.A. 12345678910 For Mom, Dad, and Kristina This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS List of Illustrations and Maps IX Preface XI Acknowledgments xv INT R o D U C T I o N : Organize, Deploy, and Multiply XIX Prologue 3 PART I. DEFENSE, WAR, AND POLITICS I Ambivalent Duty: Soldiers, Indians, and Frontiersmen I 3 2 All Front, No Rear: Soldiers, Desert, and War 24 3 Chastise Them: Campaigns, Combat, and Killing 3 8 4 Internal Fissures: Soldiers, Politics, and Sectionalism 56 PART 11.
    [Show full text]
  • Nominees and Bios
    Nominees for the Virginia Emancipation Memorial Pre‐Emancipation Period 1. Emanuel Driggus, fl. 1645–1685 Northampton Co. Enslaved man who secured his freedom and that of his family members Derived from DVB entry: http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/dvb/bio.asp?b=Driggus_Emanuel Emanuel Driggus (fl. 1645–1685), an enslaved man who secured freedom for himself and several members of his family exemplified the possibilities and the limitations that free blacks encountered in seventeenth‐century Virginia. His name appears in the records of Northampton County between 1645 and 1685. He might have been the Emanuel mentioned in 1640 as a runaway. The date and place of his birth are not known, nor are the date and circumstances of his arrival in Virginia. His name, possibly a corruption of a Portuguese surname occasionally spelled Rodriggus or Roddriggues, suggests that he was either from Africa (perhaps Angola) or from one of the Caribbean islands served by Portuguese slave traders. His first name was also sometimes spelled Manuell. Driggus's Iberian name and the aptitude that he displayed maneuvering within the Virginia legal system suggest that he grew up in the ebb and flow of people, goods, and cultures around the Atlantic littoral and that he learned to navigate to his own advantage. 2. James Lafayette, ca. 1748–1830 New Kent County Revolutionary War spy emancipated by the House of Delegates Derived from DVB/ EV entry: http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Lafayette_James_ca_1748‐1830 James Lafayette was a spy during the American Revolution (1775–1783). Born a slave about 1748, he was a body servant for his owner, William Armistead, of New Kent County, in the spring of 1781.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuolumne Planning Workbook
    National Park Service Yosemite National Park U.S. Department of the Interior Tuolumne Planning Workbook Report on Progress from Fall 2007 to Present Tuolumne River Plan July 2008 Message from the Superintendent The Purpose of this National Park Service U.S. Dept. of the Interior Dear Friends of the Tuolumne River, and how they might be translated into site plans for Tuolumne Meadows. Planning Workbook Much has happened in the past year, since we asked for your comments in For this workbook the planning team has drafted four prelimi- WHEN THE PLANNING FOR THE TUOLUMNE RIVER BEGAN IN 2005, THE the 2007 Tuolumne Planning Workbook. nary site plan concepts for Tuolumne Meadows —one for each National Park Service knew that it would be a complex, multiyear eff ort. The plan- Yosemite National Park The most recent event was the Ninth of the four original management zoning alternatives. These con- ning team was determined not to let a summer season go by without presenting a Circuit Court of Appeals ruling regard- cepts explore how functions and facilities might be organized detailed update on the plan’s progress to the culturally associated Indian tribes, For more information about the ing the Merced River Plan, which is another comprehensive and sited at Tuolumne Meadows to help carry out the intents of interested members of the public, and other stakeholders—and to provide oppor- Tuolumne River Plan, contact the plan for a wild and scenic river that the park staff is conducting the management zoning alternatives. While the planning team tunities for their input along the way.
    [Show full text]
  • The George Wright Forum
    Fulfilling the International Mission of the US National Park Service The George Wright Forum The GWS Journal of Parks, Protected Areas & Cultural Sites volume 28 number 3 • 2011 Origins Founded in 1980. the George Wright Society is organized for the pur­ poses of promoting the application of knowledge, fostering communica­ tion, improving resource management, and providing information to improve public understanding and appreciation of die basic purposes of natural and cultural parks and equivalent reserves. The Society is dedicat­ ed to the protection, preservation, and management of cultural and natural parks and reserves through research and education. Mission The George Wright Society advances the scientific and heritage values of parks and protected areas. The Society promotes professional research and resource stewardship across natural and cultural disciplines, provides avenues of communication, and encourages public policies that embrace these values. Our Goal The Society strives to be the premier organization connecting people, places, knowledge, and ideas to foster excellence in natural and cultural resource management, research, protection, and interpretation in parks and equivalent reserves. Board of Directors BRENT A. MITCHELL, President * Ipswich, Massachusetts DAVID J. PARSONS, Vice President • Florence, Montana REBECCA CONARD, Secretary • Murfreesboro, Tennessee GARY E. DAVIS. Treasurer • Thousand Oaks, California BRAD BARR • Woods Hole, Massachusetts NATHALIE GAGNON • Ottawa, Ontario BARRETT KENNEDY • Battm Rouge, Louisiana FRANKj. PRIZNAR • Gaifhershnrg, Maryland MOLLY N. ROSS • Arlington, Virginia JAN W. VAN WAOTENDONK • El Portal, California JOHN WAITHAKA • Ottawa. Ontario Graduate Student Liaison to the Board ('.ARENA J. VAN RlPER • College Station, 'Iexas Executive Office DAVID HARMON, Executive Director EMILY DEKKER-FIAI.A, Conference Coordinator P.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stone-S River Nationalbattlefield As a the Outcome of the Civil War. Spring of the Union Strategy to Sever the South in Half
    35 THE ARTIST AT STONE'S RIVER Homer Pittard There was a time when the United States Park Service ranked the Stone-s River National Battlefield as a "B" grade facility. This meant, of course, that the winter struggle two miles west of the town limits was somewhat less than of prime importance in the outcome of the Civil War. Thus, it was not a pivotal battle in the assessment of the Park Service historians. Yet, later judgments have placed Stone's River at the well- spring of the Union strategy to sever the South in half. This proved to be successful as the Blue legions moved relentlessly from Murfreesboro to Chattanooga, to Atlanta, and then to Savannah. This segmentation served to destroy or drastically impair the movement of food supplies and ordnance from the deep South to the armies in the East and to other fields of operations. At this early period in the war, late 1=862, at Murfreesboro, the first fatal step may have been taken in the total dissolution of the Confederacy. in many ways the battle of Stone's River was one of indecision and blatant errors that was presided over by probably the two most inept field commanders on both sides. General Braxton Bragg, Confederate Army of Tennessee and Major General William Starke Rosecrans, Union Army of the Cumberland. The battle opened on December 31, 1862 with a magnificent strategy that would have titillated the most erudite West Point professor (Bragg and Rosecrans were both graduates of the Military Academy). As the day progressed, the battle plan, particularly that developed by Rosecrans, began to segment and crumble.
    [Show full text]
  • Yosemite Forest Dynamics Plot
    REFERENCE COPY - USE for xeroxing historic resource siuay VOLUME 3 OF 3 discussion of historical resources, appendixes, historical base maps, bibliography YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK / CALIFORNIA Historic Resource Study YOSEMITE: THE PARK AND ITS RESOURCES A History of the Discovery, Management, and Physical Development of Yosemite National Park, California Volume 3 of 3 Discussion of Historical Resources, Appendixes, Historical Base Maps, Bibliography by Linda Wedel Greene September 1987 U.S. Department of the Interior / National Park Service b) Frederick Olmsted's Treatise on Parks ... 55 c) Significance of the Yosemite Grant .... 59 B. State Management of the Yosemite Grant .... 65 1. Land Surveys ......... 65 2. Immediate Problems Facing the State .... 66 3. Settlers' Claims ........ 69 4. Trails ........%.. 77 a) Early Survey Work ....... 77 b) Routes To and Around Yosemite Valley ... 78 c) Tourist Trails in the Valley ..... 79 (1) Four-Mile Trail to Glacier Point ... 80 (2) Indian Canyon Trail ..... 82 (3) Yosemite Fall and Eagle Peak Trail ... 83 (4) Rim Trail, Pohono Trail ..... 83 (5) Clouds Rest and Half (South) Dome Trails . 84 (6) Vernal Fall and Mist Trails .... 85 (7) Snow Trail ....... 87 (8) Anderson Trail ....... (9) Panorama Trail ....... (10) Ledge Trail 89 5. Improvement of Trails ....... 89 a) Hardships Attending Travel to Yosemite Valley . 89 b) Yosemite Commissioners Encourage Road Construction 91 c) Work Begins on the Big Oak Flat and Coulterville Roads ......... 92 d) Improved Roads and Railroad Service Increase Visitation ......... 94 e) The Coulterville Road Reaches the Valley Floor . 95 1) A New Transportation Era Begins ... 95 2) Later History 99 f) The Big Oak Flat Road Reaches the Valley Floor .
    [Show full text]