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Home , Duiker, Eudorcas, Hippotragus

THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018

MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Addax nasomaculatus - 12.3 14.4 Agouti, Brazilian Dasyprocta leporina 8.2 - - Alligator, Chinese Alligator sinensis 31 - - , Lowland depressicornis 17.4 - - Anteater, Giant Myrmecophaga tridactyla 19.2 - - , Roan equinus - Data deficient 12.4 Antelope, Sable Hippotragus niger 11.4 - - Aoudad, Kordofan Ammotragus lervia blainei Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Aracari, Green Pteroglossus viridis 7.9 - - Argus, Great Argusianus argus 10.8 - - Armadillo, Screaming Chaetophractus vellerosus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Armadillo, Six Banded Euphractus sexcinctus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Armadillo, Southern Three-banded Tolypeutes matacas - 16.2 Data deficient Ass, Somali Wild Equus africanus somaliensis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Aye-Aye Daubentonia madagascariensis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Babyrousa celebensis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Baboon, Hamadryas Papio hamadryas 27.5 - - duvaucelii - 9 13.1 Barbet, Red and Yellow Trachyphonus erythrocephalus 4.6 - - Bat, Rodrigues Pteropus rodricensis - 13.6 16.6 Bat, Straw-Colored Fruit Eidolon helvum - 18.5 Data deficient Bear, American Black Ursus americanus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Bear, Andean Spectacled Tremarctos ornatus 26 - - Bear, Asiatic Black Ursus thibetanus - Data deficient 29.3 Bear, Brown Ursus arctos - 21.9 26.8 Bear, Polar Ursus maritimus - 20.8 24.3 Bear, Sloth Melursus ursinus 17.8 - - Bear, Sun Helarctos malayanus - Data deficient 23.1 Bettong, Brush-tailed Bettongia penicillata 8.2 - - Binturong Arctictis binturong - 17.9 14.8 Bird, Secretary Sagittarius serpentarius Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Bird-of-paradise, Raggiana Paradisaea raggiana 14.5 - -

THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018 Go to www.aza.org/survival-stats to download an up-to-date table after that expiration date. THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018

MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Bird-of-paradise, Superb Lophorina superba Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Bluebird, Fairy Irena puella 5 - - Boa, Jamaican Chilabothrus subflavus - 21.6 15.6 Bobcat Lynx rufus - 16.8 18.8 , Eastern eurycerus isaaci - 9.2 12.3 Pan paniscus - 31.5 Data deficient pygargus pygarus 11.2 - - Buffalo, African Savannah Syncerus caffer 18.8 - - Bushbaby, Moholi Galago moholi 6 - - Bushmaster, South American Lachesis muta 7.8 - - Bustard, Buff-crested Lophotis gindiana 7.5 - - Buttonquail, Madagascar Turnix nigricollis - Data deficient 3.2 Callimico Callimico goeldii 8.9 - - , Bactrian Camelus bactrianus 17.8 - - Capybara Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris - 7.1 8.6 Caracal Caracal caracal 13.1 - - Cardinal, Red-capped Paroaria gularis 5.7 - - Cardinal, Red-crested Paroaria coronata 4.1 - - Cassowary, Southern (Double- wattled) Casuarius casuarius 26 - - Cat, Black-footed Felis nigripes 5.3 - - Cat, Fishing Prionailurus viverrinus - 10.9 12.8 Cat, Pallas' Felis manul 8.5 - - Cat, Sand Felis margarita 9.9 - - Chat, Snowy-Headed Robin Cossypha niveicapilla 4 - - Cheetah Acinonyx jubatus 11.6 - - , Greater Malayan napu 7.1 - - Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes - 31.7 37.4 Coati, White-Nosed Nasua narica 13.4 - - Colobus, Angolan Colobus angolensis 18.2 - - Colobus, Guereza Colobus guereza - 15 11.4 THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018 Go to www.aza.org/survival-stats to download an up-to-date table after that expiration date. THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018

MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Condor, Andean Vultur gryphus 46.7 - - Conure, Golden Guarouba guarouba 17.1 - - Cormorant, White-breasted Phalacrocorax lucidus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Crake, Black Zapornia flavirostra 3.7 - - Crane, Black-crowned Balearica pavonina 12.9 - - Crane, Blue Anthropoides paradisea 13.4 - - Crane, Demoiselle Anthropoides virgo 13.9 - - Crane, Grey-crowned Balearica regulorum 12.2 - - Crane, Red-crowned Grus japonensis 29 - - Crane, White-naped Grus vipio 15.1 - - Crane, Whooping Grus americana 28.4 - - Crocodile, Cuban Crocodylus rhombifer Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Crocodile, Slender-Snouted Mecistops cataphractus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Curassow, Blue-billed Crax alberti Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Curassow, Helmeted Pauxi pauxi 18.2 - - Curassow, Wattled Crax globulosa - Data deficient 11.8 , Eld's Rucervus eldii thamin - 9.5 12.4 Deer, Mexican Mazama temama 5.4 - - Deer, Père David’s Elaphurus davidianus - 13.2 16.3 Deer, Western Tufted Elaphodus cehalophus - 14.4 10 Dik-dik, Kirk's Madoqua kirkii 4.8 - - Dikkop, Spotted Burhinus capensis 16.6 - - Dog, African Painted Lycaon pictus 10.2 - - Dog, Bush Speothos venaticus - 8.9 7.3 Dove, Bartlett's Bleeding Heart Gallicolumba criniger 4.9 - - Dove, Beautiful Fruit Ptilinopus pulchellus 7.2 - - Dove, Black-naped Fruit Ptilinopus melanospilus 6.5 - - Dove, Grey-capped Emerald Chalcophaps indica 6.2 - - Dove, Jambu Fruit Ptilinopus jambu 5.9 - - Dove, Luzon Bleeding Heart Gallicolumba luzonica 5.8 - - Dove, Mariana Fruit Ptilinopus roseicapilla - Data deficient 6 Dove, White-Throated Ground Gallicolumba xanthonura Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient

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MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Dragon, Komodo Varanus komodoensis - Data deficient 12.3 Duck, Spotted Whistling Dendrocygna guttata 6.2 - - Duck, West Indian Whistling Dendrocygna arborea 8.9 - - Duck, White-winged Wood Asarcornis scutulata 5.7 - - , Black Cephalopus niger 5.9 - - Duiker, Blue monticola 4.7 - - Duiker, Yellow-backed silvicultor 10 - - , Bald Haliaeetus leucoephalus 16.5 - - Eagle, Steller’s Sea Haliaeetus pelagicus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Eland, Common - 11.8 13.6 Elephant, African Loxodonta africana - See Full Report 38.6 Elephant, Asian Elephas maximus - See Full Report 46.9 Falcon, African Pygmy Polihierax semitorquatus 7 - - Flamingo, Caribbean Phoenicopterus ruber 25.8 - - Flamingo, Chilean Phoenicopterus chilensis - 31.1 27.2 Flamingo, Greater Phoenicopterus ruber roseus 35.1 - - Flamingo, Lesser Phoeniconaias minor - 20.1 12.9 Flying Fox, Island Pteropus hypomelanus - Data deficient 25.1 Flying Fox, Large Pteropus vampyrus 17.1 - - Fossa Cryptoprocta ferox Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Fox, Fennec Vulpes zerda 11 - - Fox, Swift Vulpes velox 11.3 - - Frog, Dusky Gopher Lithobates (Rana) sevosa 6.6 - - Frog, Golden Harlequin Atelopus varius 3.6 - -

Frog, Panamanian Golden (Ahogado) Atelopus zeteki 7.5 - - Frog, Panamanian Golden (Sora) Atelopus zeteki - 5.2 4 Frogmouth, Tawny Podargus strigoides - 20.7 15.3 Galago, Northern Greater Otolemur garnettii 15.2 - - , Grant's granti - 3.5 6.2 Gazelle, Nubian Soemmerring's Nanger soemmerringii - 5.5 6.6 Gazelle, Slender-Horned Gazella leptoceros - 4.6 5.6

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MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Gazelle, Thomson's thomsonii - 5.2 11 Gecko, Giant -tailed Uroplatus fimbriatus 4.2 - - Gecko, Henkel's Leaf-tailed Uroplatus henkeli - 5.3 4 Gecko, Lined Leaf-tailed Uroplatus lineatus 4.6 - - Gecko, Mossy Leaf-tailed Uroplatus sikorae 2.4 - - Gecko, Satanic Leaf-tailed Uroplatus phantasticus 2.5 - - , Southern Litocranius walleri - 3.7 5.7 Gharial, Indian Gavialis gangeticus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Gharial, Sunda Tomistoma schlegelii Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Gibbon, Lar (White-handed) Hylobates lar 16.6 - - Gibbon, White-cheeked Nomascus leucogenys 29.9 - -

Giraffe (Combined Masai & Generic) Giraffa camelopardalis - 13.4 19.4 Goose, Nene Branta sandvicensis 8 - - Goose, Red-breasted Branta ruficollis 8.2 - - Goose, Swan Anser cygnoides 11.4 - - , Chinese Naemorhedus griseus - 12.4 Data deficient Gorilla, Western Lowland Gorilla gorilla gorilla - 31.7 38.3 Guenon, Wolf's Cercopithecus wolfi Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Guineafowl, Crested Guttera pucherani 7 - - Guineafowl, Vulturine Acryllium vulturinum - 4.9 4 Hamerkop Scopus umbretta - 12.3 5.9 Heron, Boat-billed Cochlearius cochlearius 8.8 - - , Pygmy Cheoropis liberiensi - Data deficient 26.3 Hippopotamus, River Hippopotamus amphibius 35.4 - - Hog, Red River porcus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Honeyeater, Blue-faced Entomyzon cyanotis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Hornbill, Great Buceros bicornis 27.2 - - Hornbill, Northern Ground Bucorvus abyssinicus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Hornbill, Red-billed Tockus erythrorhynchus 11.1 - - Hornbill, Rhinoceros Buceros rhinoceros 21 - - Hornbill, Southern Ground Bucorvus leadbeateri Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient

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MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Hornbill, Trumpeter Bycanistes bucinator Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Hornbill, Wrinkled Rhabdotorrhinus corrugatus - Data deficient 10.5 Horse, Asian Wild Equus ferus przewalskii 17.9 - - Hyena, Spotted Crocuta crocuta 22.3 - - Hyrax, Rock Procavia capensis 5.4 - - Ibex, Nubian nubiana 9.5 - - Ibis, Hadada Bostrychia hagedash Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Ibis, Madagascar Crested Lophotibis cristata Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Ibis, Sacred Threskiornis aethiopicus 13 - - Ibis, Scarlet Eudocimus ruber 12.3 - - Ibis, Cape (Southern Bald) Geronticus calvus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Ibis, Waldrapp Geronticus eremita 17.1 - - Iguana, Fiji Island Banded Brachylophus bulabula - 15.9 7 Iguana, Grand Cayman Blue Cyclura lewisi Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Iguana, Jamaican Cyclura collei Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Jaguar Pantera onca 17.8 - - Jay, Plush Crested Cyanocorax chrysops 10.4 - - Kea Nestor notabilis 8 - - Todiramphus cinnamominus Kingfisher, Guam cinnamominus - 7.7 6.2 Kinkajou Potos flavus 26 - - Kiwi, North Island Brown Apteryx australis mantelli 12.6 - - Oreotragus oreotragus 8.7 - - Koala, Queensland Phascolarctos cinereus adustus 10.2 - - , Uganda kob thomasi - 5.5 9.2 Kookaburra, Laughing Dacelo novaeguineae 16.8 - - , Greater Tragelaphus strepsiceros - 6.8 9.5

Langur, Francois' Trachypithecus francoisi francoisi 14.9 - - Langur, Silvered Leaf Trachypithecus cristatus ultimus 9.4 - - Lapwing, Masked Vanellus miles 8 - - Lapwing, Spur-winged Vanellus spinosus 5.8 - -

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MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Laughingthrush, White-crested Garrulax leucolophus 15 - - , Nile Kobus megaceros 9.2 - - Lechwe, Red Kobus leche 7.5 - - Leiothrix, Red-billed Leiothrix lutea 7.8 - - Lemur, Black and White Ruffed Varecia variegata 18.4 - - Lemur, Blue-eyed Black Eulemur macaco flavifrons Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Lemur, Collared Eulemur collaris 23.4 - - Lemur, Crowned Eulemur coronatus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Lemur, Gray Mouse Microcebus murinus 8.7 - - Lemur, Mongoose Eulemur mongoz 22.8 - - Lemur, Red Ruffed Varecia rubra 19.9 - - Lemur, Ring-tailed Lemur catta 16.5 - - Leopard, Amur Panthera pardus orientalis 18.2 - - Leopard, Clouded Neofelis nebulosa 13.1 - - Leopard, Snow Unica unica 15.1 - - Lion Panthera leo 16.9 - - Lizard, Caiman Dracaena guianensis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Lizard, Chinese Crocodile Shinisaurus crocodilurus - 13.3 10.6 Heloderma horridum Lizard, Rio Fuerte Beaded exasperatum - 28.6 22.3 Loris, Pygmy Nycticebus pygmaeus 12.4 - - Lynx, Canada Lynx canadensis 15 - - Lynx, Eurasian Lynx lynx Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Macaque, Japanese Macaca fuscata - 18.5 23.8 Macaque, Lion-tailed Macaca silenus 26.6 - - Macaque, Sulawesi Macaca nigra 14.7 - - Macaw, Blue-throated Ara glaucogularis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Macaw, Hyacinth Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus 24.3 - - Macaw, Red-fronted Ara rubrogenys Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Magpie, Azure-winged Cyanopica cyanus 10.2 - - Magpie, Red-billed Blue Urocissa erythrorhyncha - Data deficient 11.4 Manatee, West Indian Trichechus manatus latirostris Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient

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MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Mandrill Mandrillus sphinx 20.1 - - Mangabey, Red-capped Cercocebus torquatus 17.8 - - , Turkmenian Capra falconeri heptneri 9.1 - - Marmoset, Geoffroy's Callithrix geoffroyi 7.3 - - Marmoset, Pygmy Callithrix pygmaea - 6.4 5.3 Meerkat Suricata suricatta 9.6 - - Mongoose, Banded Mungos mungo Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Monkey, Allen's Swamp Allenopithecus nigrovirdis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Monkey, Bolivian Gray Titi Callicebus donacophilus 15.3 - - Monkey, Central American Spider (Geoffroy's) Ateles goeffroyi 25.1 - - Monkey, Common Squirrel Saimiri sciureus 14.6 - - Monkey, DeBrazza's Cercopithecus neglectus 15 - - Monkey, Patas Erythrocebus patas 14.5 - - Monkey, Robust Black Spider Ateles fusciceps robustus - Data deficient 24.7 Monkey, Schmidt’s Red-tailed Cercopithecus ascanius schmidti 16 - - Monkey, Southern Black Howler Alouatta caraya 17.8 - - Alces alces - 5 7.7 Motmot, Blue-crowned Momotus momota 7.2 - - Murre, Common Uria aalge Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Mynah, Bali Leucopsar rothschildi 9.9 - - Mynah, Golden-crested Ampeliceps coronatus 6 - - , Lowland Tragelaphus angasii - 4.9 8.8 Ocelot Leopardus pardalis 15.4 - - Okapia johnstoni 16.4 - - Orangutan, Bornean Pongo pygmaeus - 27.3 Data deficient Orangutan, Sumatran Pongo abelii - 25.2 32.8 Oryx, leucoryx - 11.3 14.7 Oryx, Fringe-eared Oryx gazelle callotis - Data deficient 12.7 Oryx, Scimitar-horned Oryx dammah - 10.7 15.2 Ostrich Struthio camelus 10.6 - - Otter, Asian Small-clawed Amblonyx cinereus - 14 11.8

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MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Otter, Giant Pteronura brasiliensis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Otter, North American River Lontra canadensis 12 - - Enhydra lutris kenyoni & E. l. Otter, Sea nereis - Data deficient 14.9 Owl, Burrowing Athene cunicularia 7.5 - - Owl, Eurasian Eagle Bubo buo Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Owl, Snowy Nyctea scandiaca 10.2 - - Owl, Spectacled Pulsatrix perspicillata Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Panda, Red (fulgens) Ailurus fulgens fulgens 10 - -

Panda, Red (refulgens) Ailurus fulgens refulgens (styani) 11.5 - - Parrot, Hawk-headed Deroptyus accipitrinus - Data deficient 16.1 Parrot, Thick-billed Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha 10.6 - - Peafowl, Congo Afropavo congensis - 7.9 Data deficient , Chacoan Catagonus wagneri Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Pelican, Dalmatian Pelecanus crispus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Pelican, Pink-backed Pelecanus rufescens - Data deficient 13 Penguin, Adelie Pygoscelis adeliae 17.3 - - Penguin, African Speniscus demersus - 18.6 15.3 Penguin, Chinstrap Pygoscelis antarctica - 25.1 Data deficient Penguin, Gentoo (ellsworthi) Pygoscelis papua ellsworthi 26.9 - - Penguin, Gentoo (papua) Pygoscelis papua papua Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Penguin, Humboldt Spheniscus humboldti 16.5 - - Penguin, King Aptenodytes patagonicus 25.6 - - Penguin, Macaroni Eudyptes chrysolophus 26.3 - - Penguin, Magellanic Spheniscus magellanicus 8.5 - - Penguin, Northern & Southern Rockhopper (combined) Eudyptes chrysocome moseleyi - 23.7 28.6 Pheasant, Edwards’s Lophura edwardsi Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Pheasant, Palawan Peacock Polyplectron emphanum - 8.3 6.4 , Visayan Warty Sus cebifrons Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Pigeon, Green-naped Pheasant Otidiphaps nobilis 8.6 - -

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MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Pigeon, Nicobar Caloenas nicobarica - 17.1 12 Pigeon, Victoria Crowned Goura victoria 12.7 - - Pigeon, Western (Blue) Crowned Goura cristata 8 - - Pitta, Hooded Pitta sordida 3.2 - - Porcupine, Cape (africaeaustralis) Hystrix africaeaustralis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Porcupine, Prehensile-tailed Coendou prehensilis 10.9 - - , Peninsular Antilocapra americana Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Pudu, Chilean Pudu puda 7.7 - - Puffin, Atlantic Fratercula arctica 14.6 - - Puffin, Horned Fratercula corniculata Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Puma Puma concolor - 13.6 16 Python, Reticulated Python reticulatus 11 - - Quoll, Tiger Dasyurus maculatus 5 - - Rail, Guam Gallirallus owstoni - 9.6 5.7 Rattlesnake, Eastern Massasauga Sistrurus catenatus catenatus 8.8 - -

Rattlesnake, Mexican Lance-headed Crotalus polystictus 8.6 - - Rattlesnake, Santa Catalina Island Crotalus catalinensis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Rhea, Greater Rhea americana 7.8 - - Rhinoceros, Eastern Black Diceros bicornis michaeli 18.3 - - Rhinoceros, Greater One-horned Rhinoceros unicornis 30.4 - - Rhinoceros, Southern White Cerathotherium simum 31.4 - - Ringtail Bassariscus astutus 11 - - Roller, Blue-bellied Coracias cyanogaster 8.9 - - Saki, White-faced Pithecia pithecia - Data deficient 11.6 Sawfish, Largetooth Pristis microdon Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Sawfish, Longcomb Pristis zijsron Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Sawfish, Smalltooth Pristis pectinata Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Screamer, Crested Chauna torquata 12.4 - - Sea Lion, California Zalophus californianus 23.3 - - Sea Lion, Steller Eumetopias jubatus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Seal, Grey Halichoerus grypus 18.8 - -

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MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Seal, Harbor Phoca vitulina 24.1 - - Seal, Northern Fur Callorhinus ursinus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Seriema, Red-legged Cariama cristata 17.9 - - Leptailurus serval 13.2 - - Shark, Sandtiger Carcharias Taurus 26.7 - - Shark, Zebra Stegostoma fasciatum Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Sheep, Desert Bighorn canadensis nelsoni - Data deficient 10.3 Siamang Symphalangus syndactylus 27 - - Sifaka, Coquerel's Propithecus coquereli - 10.7 Data deficient Tragelaphus spekii - 5.4 7.6 Sloth, Hoffman's Two-toed Choleopus hoffmanni 15.2 - - Sloth, Linne's Two-toed Choleopus didactylus 16 - - Snake, Eastern Indigo Drymarchon couperi 11.4 - - Snake, Louisiana Pine Pituophis ruthveni 15.6 - - Spoonbill, Roseate Ajaia ajaja 10.3 - - , South African Antidorcas marsupialis - 4.4 6.6 Squirrel, Prevost's Callosciurus prevostii 9.4 - - Starling, Emerald Coccycolius iris - 9.6 6.9 Starling, Golden-breasted Cosmopsarus regius 8 - - campestris 5.7 - - Stilt, Black-necked Himantopus mexicanus - 12.6 Data deficient Stingray, Bigtooth River Potamotrygon henlei Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Stingray, Ocellated River Potamotrygon motoro 6.5 - - Stingray, Tiger River Potamotrygon tigrina Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Stork, European White Ciconia ciconia ciconia - 17.6 14.1 Stork, Marabou Leptoptilos crumenifer - 18.4 9.7 Stork, Painted Mycteria leucocephala 10.9 - - Stork, Saddle-billed Ephippiorhynchus senegalensis 12.9 - - Stork, Storm's Ciconia stormi Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Stork, Yellow-billed Mycteria ibis 11.8 - - Sunbittern Eurypyga helias 14.9 - - , Sichuan Budorcas taxicolor tibetana 13.7 - -

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MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years) Tamandua, Southern Tamandua tetradactyla - Data deficient 7.6 Saguinus imperator Tamarin, Bearded Emperor subgrisescens 7.8 - - Tamarin, Cotton-top Saguinus oedipus 11.5 - - Tamarin, Golden-headed Lion Leontopithecus chrysomelas 11.7 - - Tamarin, Pied Sanguinus bicolor 10.6 - - Tanager, Blue-grey Thraupis episcopus 5.2 - - Tanager, Silver-beaked Ramphocelus carbo 4.7 - - Tanager, Turquoise Tangara mexicana 4 - - Tapir, Baird's (Central American) Tapirus bairdii - 19.5 Data deficient Tapir, Malayan (Asian) Tapirus indicus - 20.4 12.1 Tarantula, Mexican Red-kneed Brachypelma smithi - Data deficient 17.2 Teal, Madagascar Anas bernieri Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Teal, Marbled Marmaronetta angustirostris - 5.8 5.1

Tenrec, Lesser Madagascar Hedgehog Echinops telfairi - 8.4 7.3 Tern, Inca Larosterna inca 8.6 - - Terrapin, Painted Batagur borneoensis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Tiger, Amur (Siberian) Panthera tigris altaica - 16 14.3 Tiger, Malayan Panthera tigris jacksoni 16.1 - - Tiger, Sumatran Panthera tigris sumatrae 18.4 - - Toad, Houston Bufo (Anaxyrus) houstonensis - 5 4.4 Toad, Puerto Rican Crested (Northern and Southern) Peltophryne lemur 5.2 - - Tortoise, African Pancake Malacochersus tornieri Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Tortoise, Aldabra Giant Geochelone gigantia Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Tortoise, Brown Forest Manouria emys emys Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Tortoise, Burmese Black Manouria emys phayrei Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Tortoise, Burmese Star Geochelone platynota Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Tortoise, Egyptian Testudo kleinmanni 12.9 - - Tortoise, Forsten's Indotestudo forstenii Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient

THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018 Go to www.aza.org/survival-stats to download an up-to-date table after that expiration date. THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018

MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years)

Tortoise, Galapagos (Combined pop.) Chelonoidis nigra Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Tortoise, Madagascar Flat-tailed Pyxis planicauda Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Tortoise, Ploughshare Astrochelys yniphora Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Tortoise, Radiated Astrochelys radiata Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Ramphastos ambiguus Toucan, Chestnut-mandibled swainsonii - 9.8 Data deficient Toucan, Keel-billed Ramphastos sulfuratus 6.9 - - Toucan, Toco Ramphastos toco 7.5 - - Tree Kangaroo, Matschie's Dendrolagus matschiei 13.2 - - Tree Shrew, Northern Tupaia belangeri 7.1 - - Troupial Icterus icterus 6.1 - - Turaco, Lady Ross' Musophaga rossae 10.5 - - Turaco, Red-crested Tauraco erythrolophus 9 - - Turaco, Violaceous Musophaga violacea - 17.4 11.9 Turaco, White-cheeked Tauraco leucotis 10.3 - - Turtle, Arakan Forest Heosemys depressa Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Black-breasted Leaf Geoemyda spengleri Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Bog Glyptemys muhlenbergii Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Coahuilan Box Terrapene coahuila - Data deficient 14.9 Turtle, Indochinese Box Cuora galbinifrons Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Four-eyed Sacalia quadriocellata Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Keeled Box Cuora mouhotii Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, McCord's Box Cuora mccordi Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Pan's Box (pani) Cuora pani Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Spiny Heosemys spinosa Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Sulawesi Forest Leucocephalon yuwonoi Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Vietnamese Pond Mauremys annamensis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Northwestern Pond Actinemys marmorata Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Turtle, Wood Glyptemys insculpta 17.1 - - Turtle, Yellow-blotched Map Graptemys flavimaculata Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient , Trans Caspian Ovis orientalis Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient

THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018 Go to www.aza.org/survival-stats to download an up-to-date table after that expiration date. THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018

MLE Males & Females Common Name Scientific Name Combined (Years) MLE Males (Years) MLE Females (Years)

Viper, Philippine Palm Parias flavomaculatus mcgregori 13 - - Vulture, African White-backed Gyps africanus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Vulture, Cape Gyps coprotheres Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Vulture, Eurasian Black Aeypius monachus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Vulture, Hooded Necrosyrtes monachus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Vulture, King Sarcorhamphus papa - Data deficient 28.7 Vulture, Lappet-faced Torgos tracheliotus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Vulture, Ruppell’s Griffon Gyps rueppellii Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Wallaby, Bennett’s Macropus rufogriseus 5.3 - - Wallaby, Parma Macropus parma 5.5 - - Wallaby, Tammar Macropus eugenii 5.8 - - Wallaby, Yellow-footed Rock Petrogale xanthopus xanthopus - 6.1 Data deficient Wallaroo, Common Macropus robustus - 8 10.1 Walrus Odobenus rosmarus Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient , Common Phacochoerus africanus - 11.2 12.3 Whale, Beluga Delphinapterus leucas Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Connochaetes taurinus - 8.3 14 Wolf, Maned Chrysocyon brachyurus 12.3 - - Wolf, Mexican Gray Canis lupus baileyi 11 - - Wolf, Red Canis rufus gregoryi 10.8 - - Wolverine, New World Gulo gulo Data deficient Data deficient Data deficient Woodhoopoe, Green Phoeniculus purpureus 5.4 - - Wood-partridge, Crested Rollulus rouloul 4.8 - - Zebra, Grevy's Equus grevyi - 10.9 16.5 Zebra, Hartmann's Mountain Equus zebra hartmannae - 12.3 15.5 Zebra, Plains Equus quagga 15.3 - -

THIS TABLE EXPIRES AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 2018 Go to www.aza.org/survival-stats to download an up-to-date table after that expiration date.