Black Duiker

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Black Duiker ANTELOPE AND Black duiker ... this little black dress is always in style! GIRAFFE TAG Why exhibit black duikers? • Bolster the only ex situ population of this West African duiker, one of the few mammals endemic to the Guinean forest block seen in zoos. • Add ground-level interest to larger rainforest- themed aviaries and boost the “cute quotient” of bongo and okapi exhibits with this active and attractive dwarf antelope! • Use this heavily-hunted species group to discuss the devastating bushmeat trade and stress that this isn’t a third-world problem: demand in America drives the illegal importation of ~15,000 pounds of bushmeat every month. • Involve guests in discovering the ecological role of duikers using gumballs! Black duikers can crack large, hard-shelled fruits with their powerful jaws, ingesting seeds and dispersing them in dung. Stewardship Opportunities MEASUREMENTS IUCN Length: 3 feet LEAST Bushmeat Crisis Taskforce http://www.bushmeat.org/ Height: 1.5 feet CONCERN at shoulder Flora & Fauna International: West Africa Weight: 35-55 lbs ~100,000 in Rainforest West Africa the wild http://www.fauna-flora.org/location/africa-and-madagascar/ Care and Husbandry RED SSP: 11.6 (17) in 5 AZA (+1 non-AZA) institutions (2019) Species coordinator: Josh Sisk, Potawatomi Zoo [email protected] ; 574-235-9703 Social nature: Typically solitary in the wild, but often maintained as a breeding pair with young offspring in zoos. Mixed species: Cohabitate well with okapi and bongo. Have been displayed in enclosed aviaries with numerous birds including turacos, weavers, various passerines, and cranes. Housing: Not cold tolerant: heated indoor facilities required below 55ºF. Barriers should be 6 feet high; fencing and solid walls will both work. Visual barriers and hiding spots should be provided. Medical notes: Regurgitation common during chemical immobilizations. Hand-reared calves cannot be given cow colostrum (causes isoerythrolysis) - need dam’s colostrum or a plasma transfusion. Special requirements: Diet should be primarily leafy greens, squash, alfalfa, and plentiful browse — this species should NOT be fed fruit. Keeper resources: Easy care. Fractiousness is best managed by hand- rearing and training; consult with SSP Coordinator for details. Please contact the TAG for full husbandry guidelines. http://www.azaungulates.org/ Photos by B. Huffman. Published November 2019..
Recommended publications
  • Benin 2019 - 2020
    BENIN 2019 - 2020 West African Savannah Buffalo Western Roan Antelope For more than twenty years, we have been organizing big game safaris in the north of the country on the edge of the Pendjari National Park, in the Porga hunting zone. The hunt is physically demanding and requires hunters to be in good physical condition. It is primary focused on hunting Roan Antelopes, West Savannah African Buffaloes, Western Kobs, Nagor Reedbucks, Western Hartebeests… We shoot one good Lion every year, hunted only by tracking. Baiting is not permitted. Accommodation is provided in a very confortable tented camp offering a spectacular view on the bush.. Hunting season: from the beginning of January to mid-May. - 6 days safari: each hunter can harvest 1 West African Savannah Buffalo, 1 Roan Antelope or 1 Western Hartebeest, 1 Nagor Reedbuck or 1 Western Kob, 1 Western Bush Duiker, 1 Red Flanked Duiker, 1 Oribi, 1 Harnessed Bushbuck, 1 Warthog and 1 Baboon. - 13 and 20 days safari: each hunter can harvest 1 Lion (if available at the quota), 1 West African Savannah Buffalo, 1 Roan Antelope, 1 Sing Sing Waterbuck, 1 Hippopotamus, 1 Western Hartebeest, 1 Nagor Reedbuck, 1 Western Kob, 1 Western Bush Duiker, 1 Red Flanked Duiker, 1 Oribi, 1 Harnessed Bushbuck, 1 Warthog and 1 Baboon. Prices in USD: Price of the safari per person 6 hunting days 13 hunting days 20 hunting days 2 Hunters x 1 Guide 8,000 16,000 25,000 1 Hunter x 1 Guide 11,000 24,000 36,000 Observer 3,000 4,000 5,000 The price of the safari includes: - Meet and greet plus assistance at Cotonou airport (Benin), - Transfer from Cotonou to the hunting area and back by car, - The organizing of your safari with 4x4 vehicles, professional hunters, trackers, porters, skinners, - Full board accommodation and drinks at the hunting camp.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellow-Backed Duiker ... a Giant Among Dwarfs! GIRAFFE TAG
    ANTELOPE AND Yellow-backed duiker ... a giant among dwarfs! GIRAFFE TAG Why exhibit yellow-backed duikers? • Awe visitors with tales of carnivorous antelope! Although duikers typically eat fruit, they will feed on carrion and may even hunt small animals. • Capitalize on the attempts of guests to say their unpronounceable name! Duiker (rhymes with biker) is Dutch for ‘diver’ - a great interpretive opportunity to describe how these antelope flee danger by “diving” into undergrowth. • Showcase rainforest diversity by adding this species - the largest dwarf antelope - to existing exhibits housing okapi, bongo, or even primates. • Connect the erectile yellow dorsal patch of this species to other visual signals used by animals in your zoo (e.g., the tails of white-tailed deer, the manes of warthogs, and crests of cockatoos). Stewardship Opportunities MEASUREMENTS IUCN NEAR Okapi Conservation Project - Ituri Forest Length: 4 feet THREATENED http://www.okapiconservation.org Height: 2.5 feet CITES II at shoulder Bush Meat Crisis Task Force Weight: 100-175 lbs >150,000 http://www.bushmeat.org/ Rainforest Africa in the wild Care and Husbandry YELLOW SSP: 49.49 (98) in 29 AZA (+6 non-AZA) institutions (2018) Species coordinator: Linda Bachers, Milwaukee County Zoo [email protected] Social nature: Typically solitary, or in pairs accompanied by recent offspring. Males can be territorial and should not be housed together. Mixed species: The TAG strongly recommends mixing this species with bongo and okapi to maximize space use. Has been housed with other antelope (including smaller duikers), colobus, guineafowl, and cranes. Housing: Avoid extremes of heat and cold. It is recommended that enclosure containment be solid to at least 3 feet to provide a visual barrier.
    [Show full text]
  • IUCN SSC Giraffe and Okapi Specialist Group
    IUCN SSC Giraffe and Okapi Specialist Group 2018 Report Julian Fennessy Noelle Kumpel Co-Chairs Mission statement nium, but hope to begin to stem the species- Julian Fennessy (1) The vision of the Giraffe and Okapi Specialist wide declines and increase some populations, Noelle Kumpel (2) Group (GOSG) is: viable populations of Giraffe such as the Niger giraffe. However, we do need and Okapi, iconic African species, and their to increase survey effort and accuracy in order Red List Authority Coordinator habitats, are conserved sustainably and for to gauge any sort of conservation success, so this is a priority for Okapi, though heavily David Mallon (3) their evolutionary potential across, and role in, naturally functioning ecosystems; are valued dependent on funding and the security situation which is a considerable and difficult to counter Location/Affiliation and protected, locally and globally, recognising threat to this species in particular. (1) Giraffe Conservation Foundation, Windhoek, their independent right to existence and our Namibia duty to current and future generations. We will Targets for the 2017-2020 quadrennium (2) Independent (BirdLife International), achieve our vision by: (1) providing coordina- Cambridge, UK tion, support and technical advice; (2) moni- Assess (3) Division of Biology and Conservation toring and reporting of population status and Red List: (1) update Giraffe and Okapi species Ecology, Manchester Metropolitan University, trends; and (3) raising awareness and providing Red List assessments; (2) complete nine Giraffe Derbyshire, UK information. subspecies Red List assessments. Research activities: (1) establish a giraffid publi- Projected impact for the 2017-2020 Number of members cations/metadata repository; (2) Giraffe and quadrennium 58 Okapi taxonomy review; (3) develop stan- By the end of 2020, we expect to have a clearer, dardised methods or protocols for Giraffe and Social networks coordinated, joint framework for conserving Okapi surveys.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey Captures First-Ever Photos of Endangered Jentink's Duiker In
    GNUSLETTER VOL. 30 NO. 1 ANTELOPELOPE SPECIALIST GRGROUP Volume 30 Number 2 September 2012 FROM THE EDITOR... The Antelope Specialist Group is pleased to present GNUSLETTER Volume 30 #2. This edition includes some incredibly positive news In this Issue... for antelopes and conservation in Africa includ- ing John Newby’s letter announcing the Termit From the ASG Chairs . and Tin Toumma National Nature and Cultural Reserve in Niger, and the inauguration of the From the Gnusletter editor . Boma National Park headquarters in South Su- dan from the Wildlife Conservation Society press This issue: Mai Mai Rebels Overun Okapi Wildlife Reserve Headquarters, S. Shurter release. Conversely the report of the sacking of Epulu and the destruction of the headquarters of Recent Reports the Okapi Wildlife Reserve by elephant poach- ers in the DR Congo poignantly illustrates the • Tin Toumma National Nature and Cultural Reserve, J. Newby, Sahara Conservation dangerous war for control of wildlife and natural Fund resources in Africa. • Boma National Park Headquarters inauguration, WCS press release Also included in this volume are some reports • Antelopes in S. Somalia, 1975-1975, ASG report Summary (N.A.O. Abel from Sierre Leone on Jentink’s duiker and & M.E. Kille) gazelles in Iraq. Two very nice historic reviews (Paul Evangelista in Ethiopia and Abel and Kille • The Natural and Unnatural History of the Mountain Nyala, P. Evangelista in Somalia) were submitted concerning antelopes • Jentink’s Duiker Camera Trap Photos in Sierra Leone, R. Garriga, A.McKenna in the Horn of Africa. • Notes on the antelopes of Iraq, Omar Fadhil Al-Sheikhly Finally, GNUSLETTER is now registered with • Antelopes in Stamps, D.
    [Show full text]
  • Okapia Johnstoni), Using Non-Invasive Genetic Techniques
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UCL Discovery Enhancing knowledge of the ecology of a highly elusive species, the okapi (Okapia johnstoni), using non-invasive genetic techniques David W. G. Stanton*; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom Ashley Vosper; Address? Stuart Nixon; Address? John Hart; Lukuru Foundation, Projet Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba (TL2), 1235 Ave Poids Lourds, Kinshasa, DRC Noëlle F. Kümpel; Conservation Programmes, Zoological Society of London, London NW1 4RY, United Kingdom Michael W. Bruford; School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, United Kingdom John G. Ewen§; Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London NW1 4RY, United Kingdom Jinliang Wang§; Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London NW1 4RY, United Kingdom *Corresponding author, §Joint senior authors ABSTRACT Okapi (Okapia johnstoni) are an even-toed ungulate in the family Giraffidae, and are endemic to the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Very little is known about okapi ecology in the wild. We used non-invasive genetic methods to examine the social structure, mating system and dispersal for a population of okapi in the Réserve de Faune à Okapis, DRC. Okapi individuals appear to be solitary, although there was some evidence of genetically similar individuals being associated at a very small spatial scale. There was no evidence for any close spatial association between groups of related or unrelated okapi but we did find evidence for male-biased dispersal. Okapi are genetically polygamous or promiscuous, and are also likely to be socially polygamous or promiscuous. An isolation by distance pattern of genetic similarity was present, but appears to be operating at just below the spatial scale of the area investigated in the present study.
    [Show full text]
  • Cephalophus Natalensis – Natal Red Duiker
    Cephalophus natalensis – Natal Red Duiker listed two subspecies, including C. n. natalensis from KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), eastern Mpumalanga and southern Mozambique, and C. n. robertsi Rothschild 1906 from Mozambique and the regions north of the Limpopo River (Skinner & Chimimba 2005). Assessment Rationale This species is restricted to forest patches within northeastern South Africa and Swaziland. They can occur at densities as high as 1 individual / ha. In KZN, there are an estimated 3,046–4,210 individuals in protected areas alone, with the largest subpopulation of 1,666–2,150 Sam Williams individuals occurring in iSimangaliso Wetland Park (2012– 2014 counts; Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife unpubl. data). This Regional Red List status (2016) Near Threatened subpopulation is inferred to have remained stable or B2ab(ii,v)* increased over three generations (2000–2015), as the previous assessment (2004, using count data from 2002) National Red List status (2004) Least Concern estimated subpopulation size as 1,000 animals. While no Reasons for change Non-genuine change: other provincial subpopulation estimates are available, New information they are regularly recorded on camera traps in the Soutpansberg Mountains of Limpopo and the Mariepskop Global Red List status (2016) Least Concern forests of Mpumalanga, including on private lands outside protected areas (S. Williams unpubl. data). TOPS listing (NEMBA) None Reintroductions are probably a successful conservation CITES listing None intervention for this species. For example, reintroduced individuals from the 1980/90s are still present in areas of Endemic No southern KZN and are slowly moving into adjacent *Watch-list Data farmlands (Y. Ehlers-Smith unpubl. data). The estimated area of occupancy, using remaining (2013/14 land cover) Although standing only about 0.45 m high forest patches within the extent of occurrence, is 1,800 (Bowland 1997), the Natal Red Duiker has km2.
    [Show full text]
  • Protecting the Endangered Okapi, and It's Habitat, in the Democratic
    The Okapi Wildlife Reserve Biodiversity of the Congo Okapi Conservation Project works with the Institute in The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the Congo for the Conservation of Nature (ICCN), a most biologically diverse country in Africa, holds government organization responsible for the infinite natural treasures and significant species protection of the Reserve, and communities such as Grauer’s gorilla, forest elephants and throughout the Okapi Wildlife Reserve to ensure bonobo. Over 1,500 types of plants and animals, the protection of the okapi and many other species including the okapi, are found nowhere else in the in this equatorial rainforest. world. Okapi Wildlife Reserve Democratic Republic of Congo OCP provides logistical and financial support to 110 ICCN rangers to provide a conservation presence in the region and to monitor land use changes and Protecting the Endangered Okapi, protect the wildlife and natural resources of the Okapi and it’s habitat, in the Wildlife Reserve. Democratic Republic of Congo OCP presently employs 58 people, working from four locations around the Reserve, who implement education programs through meetings, seminars, and providing social assistance that moves communities to care PROGRAMS about conserving resources and wildlife. Okapi Conservation Project (OCP) works in the OCP focuses on developing an economic heart of the and educational foundation Democratic on which the Reserve can Republic of operate. This is achieved Congo to through programs in wildlife protect the protection and education, natural agroforestry, and habitat of the community assistance. endangered Broad-based community okapi and assistance includes: indigenous DONATE TO HELP SAVE THE OKAPI l Mbuti pygmies Building and supplying OCP is represented by Wildlife Conservation schools and health clinics living in the Okapi Wildlife Reserve.
    [Show full text]
  • Animals of Africa
    Silver 49 Bronze 26 Gold 59 Copper 17 Animals of Africa _______________________________________________Diamond 80 PYGMY ANTELOPES Klipspringer Common oribi Haggard oribi Gold 59 Bronze 26 Silver 49 Copper 17 Bronze 26 Silver 49 Gold 61 Copper 17 Diamond 80 Diamond 80 Steenbok 1 234 5 _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Cape grysbok BIG CATS LECHWE, KOB, PUKU Sharpe grysbok African lion 1 2 2 2 Common lechwe Livingstone suni African leopard***** Kafue Flats lechwe East African suni African cheetah***** _______________________________________________ Red lechwe Royal antelope SMALL CATS & AFRICAN CIVET Black lechwe Bates pygmy antelope Serval Nile lechwe 1 1 2 2 4 _______________________________________________ Caracal 2 White-eared kob DIK-DIKS African wild cat Uganda kob Salt dik-dik African golden cat CentralAfrican kob Harar dik-dik 1 2 2 African civet _______________________________________________ Western kob (Buffon) Guenther dik-dik HYENAS Puku Kirk dik-dik Spotted hyena 1 1 1 _______________________________________________ Damara dik-dik REEDBUCKS & RHEBOK Brown hyena Phillips dik-dik Common reedbuck _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________African striped hyena Eastern bohor reedbuck BUSH DUIKERS THICK-SKINNED GAME Abyssinian bohor reedbuck Southern bush duiker _______________________________________________African elephant 1 1 1 Sudan bohor reedbuck Angolan bush duiker (closed) 1 122 2 Black rhinoceros** *** Nigerian
    [Show full text]
  • Camelus Dromedarius) Need Shaded Areas? a Case Study of the Camel Market in Doha
    animals Article Do Camels (Camelus dromedarius) Need Shaded Areas? A Case Study of the Camel Market in Doha Martina Zappaterra, Laura Menchetti , Leonardo Nanni Costa and Barbara Padalino * Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 46, I-40127 Bologna, Italy; [email protected] (M.Z.); [email protected] (L.M.); [email protected] (L.N.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Simple Summary: Scientific knowledge concerning dromedary camel behavior and welfare is still limited. To date, providing pens with adequate shaded areas is not regulated in camel husbandry. The objectives of this study were to document whether dromedary camels have a preference for shade and describe how their behavior would change depending on the presence of shade in pens with different animal densities. Analyzing the behavior of camels kept at a permanent market in Doha, we found they had a preference for shade, and adequate shaded areas seemed to exert a positive effect on their behavioral repertoire. Camels in shade expressed more natural behaviors such as lying in sternal recumbency and ruminating, while those in the sun showed more walking and standing. Limited space allowance, instead, seemed to affect camel welfare, increasing the expression of stereotypic behavior (i.e., pacing). Overall, the results of this pilot study suggest that provision of adequate shaded areas could safeguard camel wellbeing under extremely hot conditions. Citation: Zappaterra, M.; Menchetti, Abstract: This study aimed at documenting whether dromedary camels have a preference for shade L.; Nanni Costa, L.; Padalino, B. Do and how their behavior would change depending on the presence of shade and variable space Camels (Camelus dromedarius) Need allowance.
    [Show full text]
  • Photographic Evidence of Jentink's Duiker in the Gola Forest Reserves
    Notes and records Photographic evidence of Jentink’s duiker in the The Gola Forest Programme, a partnership between the Gola Forest Reserves, Sierra Leone Government of Sierra Leone, the Conservation Society of Sierra Leone and the Royal Society for the Protection of Jessica Ganas1,2* and Jeremy A. Lindsell1 Birds, is working to protect the forest and as part of the 1 Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy, research and monitoring programme, camera traps are 2 Beds, SG19 2DL, UK and Gola Forest Programme, 164 being used to document animal species found in the forest. Dama Road, Kenema, Sierra Leone We report here the first photographic evidence of Jentink’s duiker in Sierra Leone. Introduction Methods The forest ungulate Jentink’s duiker (Thomas, 1892, The Gola Forest Reserves (710 km2) comprise four blocks Cephalophus jentinki), is endemic to the western portion of located in southeastern Sierra Leone. The reserves are the Upper Guinea forest region (Ivory Coast, Liberia and not contiguous, but are divided by the main Freetown- Sierra Leone) and is one of the rarest duikers in Africa Monrovia highway (between Gola West and East) and (Davies & Birkenha¨ger, 1990). The paucity of information areas of community land (between Gola East and North on the size of the population, the small extent of their and its extension). The reserves were subjected to com- range, and the seriousness of threats from habitat loss and mercial selective logging in the 1960s to 1980s with the hunting that they have faced in the last twenty years have latter period characterised by destructive and unsustain- led to their recent upgrading from vulnerable to endan- able offtake.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Relationships Among Duiker Antelope (Bovidae: Cephalophinae)
    University of New Orleans ScholarWorks@UNO University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations Dissertations and Theses Fall 12-17-2011 Evolutionary Relationships Among Duiker Antelope (Bovidae: Cephalophinae) Anne Johnston University of New Orleans, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td Part of the Evolution Commons Recommended Citation Johnston, Anne, "Evolutionary Relationships Among Duiker Antelope (Bovidae: Cephalophinae)" (2011). University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations. 1401. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1401 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by ScholarWorks@UNO with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights- holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Evolutionary Relationships Among Duiker Antelope (Bovidae: Cephalophinae) A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of New Orleans In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences By Anne Roddy Johnston B.S. University of
    [Show full text]
  • Mammal Species Richness at a Catena and Nearby Waterholes During a Drought, Kruger National Park, South Africa
    diversity Article Mammal Species Richness at a Catena and Nearby Waterholes during a Drought, Kruger National Park, South Africa Beanélri B. Janecke Animal, Wildlife & Grassland Sciences, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Road, Park West, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; [email protected]; Tel.: +27-51-401-9030 Abstract: Catenas are undulating hillslopes on a granite geology characterised by different soil types that create an environmental gradient from crest to bottom. The main aim was to determine mammal species (>mongoose) present on one catenal slope and its waterholes and group them by feeding guild and body size. Species richness was highest at waterholes (21 species), followed by midslope (19) and sodic patch (16) on the catena. Small differences observed in species presence between zones and waterholes and between survey periods were not significant (p = 0.5267 and p = 0.9139). In total, 33 species were observed with camera traps: 18 herbivore species, 10 carnivores, two insectivores and three omnivores. Eight small mammal species, two dwarf antelopes, 11 medium, six large and six mega-sized mammals were observed. Some species might not have been recorded because of drought, seasonal movement or because they travelled outside the view of cameras. Mammal presence is determined by food availability and accessibility, space, competition, distance to water, habitat preferences, predators, body size, social behaviour, bound to territories, etc. The variety in body size and feeding guilds possibly indicates a functioning catenal ecosystem. This knowledge can be beneficial in monitoring and conservation of species in the park. Keywords: catena ecosystem; ephemeral mud wallows; habitat use; mammal variety; Skukuza area; Citation: Janecke, B.B.
    [Show full text]