Security Council Distr.: General 19 April 2010
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Religious Minorities in Pakistan
Abdul Majid* RELIGIOUS MINORITIES IN PAKISTAN Abstract The Constitution describes Pakistan as an “Islamic State”. It is a predominately Muslim State but there are several non-Muslims groups living here as citizens. Pakistan’s Constitution stands for equality of all citizens irrespective of religion, caste, region, tribe language and gender. Islam the state religion of Pakistan stands for respect and toleration for all religions. This paper examines the population and constitutional position of religious minorities in Pakistan. It also provides a general picture of major religious communities the Hindus, the Christians and the Sikhs. The paper also explains the Ahmadya community was declared a minority in September 1947. Despite the handicap of small population, Pakistan’s religious minorities have freedom to practice their religion and pursue their cultural heritage. Key Words: All India Muslim League, PPP, 1973 constitution, Lahore resolution, Jammat-e-Islami, Makkah, Pakistan Hindus Welfare Association Introduction All resolutions of the All India Muslim League since 1940 made categorical commitments for granting religious and cultural freedom to all religious minorities. In Pakistan Minority community is able to assert that it is completely safe. For all those who are guided by reason and humankind’s becoming a modern, civilized and responsible state. The ethnic communities and diverse cultures included Punjabi, Baloch, Sindhi, Seraiki and similarly beside Islam, the believers of Hindu, Sikh, Christian and others religious were also living in Pakistan. The cultural diversity of the country is under threat and religious minorities and various ethnic communities are being denied rights and Identity. Pakistan was established in August 1947 as a homeland for the Muslims of British India. -
Pakistan Page 1 of 16
Pakistan Page 1 of 16 2005 Human Rights Report Released | Daily Press Briefing | Other News... Pakistan Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2005 Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor March 8, 2006 Pakistan is a federal republic with a population of approximately 163 million. The head of state is President and Chief of Army Staff Pervez Musharraf who assumed power after overthrowing the civilian government in 1999. The head of government is Prime Minister Shaukat Aziz, whom the national assembly elected over opposition parties' objections in 2004. Domestic and international observers found the 2002national assembly elections, the most recent national elections, deeply flawed. The civilian authorities maintained control of the security forces; however, there were instances when local police acted independently of government authority. The government's human rights record was poor, and serious problems remained. The following human rights problems were reported: restrictions on citizens' right to change their government extrajudicial killings, torture, and rape poor prison conditions, arbitrary arrest, and lengthy pretrial detention violations of due process and privacy rights lack of judicial independence harassment, intimidation, and arrest of journalists limits on freedom of association, religion, and movement imprisonment of political leaders corruption legal and societal discrimination against women child abuse trafficking in women and children, and child prostitution discrimination against persons with disabilities indentured, bonded, and child labor restriction of worker rights The government took significant steps to combat trafficking in persons. Its Anti-Trafficking Unit (ATU) was fully functional and resulted in increased arrests and prosecutions of human traffickers. Cooperative efforts between the military, ATU, and international organizations prevented any increase in human trafficking resulting from the October 8 earthquake. -
C.A. 767 2014.Pdf
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF PAKISTAN (Appellate Jurisdiction) Present: MR. JUSTICE MUSHIR ALAM MR. JUSTICE QAZI FAEZ ISA MR. JUSTICE SARDAR TARIQ MASOOD Civil Appeal No. 767 of 2014 and C. M. A. No. 565-K/2013 (On appeal against the judgment dated 10.07.2013 passed by the High Court of Sindh, Karachi, in C.P.No. D-2643/2012) Sindh Revenue Board through its Chairman, Government of Sindh and another…………………….Appellants Versus The Civil Aviation Authority of Pakistan through its Airport Manager, Jinnah International Airport, Karachi…………………………Respondent For Appellant No. 1: Mr. Farooq H. Naek, Senior ASC For Appellant No. 2: Mr. Khalid Javed Khan, ASC Mr. Fouzi Zafar, ASC Raja Abdul Ghafoor, AOR For the Respondents: Syed Naveed Amjad Andrabi, ASC On behalf of Federation: Mr. Muhammad Waqar Rana, Additional Attorney General On behalf of Govt. of Sindh: Mr. Sabtain Mehmood, Additional Advocate General Dates of Hearing: April 6, 12 and 13, 2017 JUDGMENT Qazi Faez Isa, J: The High Court of Sindh at Karachi allowed a petition filed by the Civil Aviation Authority (“CAA”) under Article 199 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (“the Constitution”). The CAA, which was established under the Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority Ordinance, 1982 (“the CAA Ordinance”), had filed the said petition challenging the imposition of sales tax on services levied upon it under the Sindh Sales Tax on C. A. No. 767/2014. 2 Services Act, 2011 (hereinafter “the Act”) and the Sindh Sales Tax on Services Rules, 2011 (hereinafter “the Rules”). 2. The learned Division Bench of the High Court allowed the petition filed by CAA and declared that CAA was, “not liable to pay the tax under the Sindh Sales Tax on Services Act, 2011”, consequently, all demands made, proceedings initiated, orders passed or notices issued to CAA under the Act and the Rules were quashed and set aside. -
United States District Court Eastern District of New York
Case 1:10-cv-05381-DLI-CLP Document 35 Filed 12/17/12 Page 1 of 18 PageID #: 1172 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ROSENBERG et al.; SCHERR et al.; ) CHROMAN et al.; RAGSDALE et al. ) ) Plaintiffs, ) Civ. No. 10-05381 (DLI) ) Civ. No. 10-05382 (DLI) v. ) Civ. No. 10-05448 (DLI) ) Civ. No. 11-03893 (DLI) LASHKAR-E-TAIBA et al., ) ) Defendants. ) ) ______________________________________________________________________________ STATEMENT OF INTEREST AND SUGGESTION OF IMMUNITY ______________________________________________________________________________ Case 1:10-cv-05381-DLI-CLP Document 35 Filed 12/17/12 Page 2 of 18 PageID #: 1173 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES .......................................................................................................... ii INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................1 BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................2 ARGUMENT ...................................................................................................................................2 I. THE INTER-SERVICES INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORATE OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN IS IMMUNE FROM SUIT BECAUSE IT IS A FOREIGN STATE WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE FSIA AND NO EXCEPTION TO IMMUNITY APPLIES ..........................................................................2 II. APPLYING PRINCIPLES OF FOREIGN OFFICIAL IMMUNITY, -
1 All Rights Reserved Do Not Reproduce in Any Form Or
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED DO NOT REPRODUCE IN ANY FORM OR QUOTE WITHOUT AUTHOR’S PERMISSION 1 2 Tactical Cities: Negotiating Violence in Karachi, Pakistan by Huma Yusuf A.B. English and American Literature and Language Harvard University, 2002 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPARATIVE MEDIA STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN COMPARATIVE MEDIA STUDIES AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JUNE 2008 © Huma Yusuf. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Thesis Supervisor: ________________________________________________________ Henry Jenkins Peter de Florez Professor of Humanities Professor of Comparative Media Studies and Literature Thesis Supervisor: ________________________________________________________ Shankar Raman Associate Professor of Literature Thesis Supervisor: ________________________________________________________ William Charles Uricchio Professor of Comparative Media Studies 3 4 Tactical Cities: Negotiating Violence in Karachi, Pakistan by Huma Yusuf Submitted to the Department of Comparative Media Studies on May 9, 2008, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master in Science in Comparative Media Studies. ABSTRACT This thesis examines the relationship between violence and urbanity. Using Karachi, Pakistan, as a case study, it asks how violent cities are imagined and experienced by their residents. The thesis draws on a variety of theoretical and epistemological frameworks from urban studies to analyze the social and historical processes of urbanization that have led to the perception of Karachi as a city of violence. It then uses the distinction that Michel de Certeau draws between strategy and tactic in his seminal work The Practice of Everyday Life to analyze how Karachiites inhabit, imagine, and invent their city in the midst of – and in spite of – ongoing urban violence. -
The Senate of Pakistan Debates Contents
THE SENATE OF PAKISTAN DEBATES OFFICIAL REPORT Tuesday, November 13, 2012 (87th Session) Volume XI No. 04 (Nos.01-10) CONTENTS Pages 1. Recitation from the Holy Quran. .………....…….. 1 2. Questions and Answers …………………………. 2-24 3. Leave of Absence………………………………... 25 4. Presentation of Report of the Standing Committee on Defence and Defence Production……………... 26 5. Privilege Motion Misconduct of I.G. Punjab...................................... 27-28 6. Legislative Business The Intellectual Property Organization of Pakistan Bill, 2012………………………………………… 29 7. Point of Order Misappropriation in Senate Housing Society and other Societies…………………….................. 30-36 8. Resolution Felicitation to the Hindu Community of Pakistan on Diwali ……………………………………….. 37-44 Printed and Published by the Senate Secretariat, Islamabad. Volume XI SP.XI(04)/2012 No.04 15 SENATE OF PAKISTAN SENATE DEBATES Tuesday, November 13, 2012 The Senate of Pakistan met in the Senate Hall (Parliament House) Islamabad, at forty five minutes past four in the evening with Mr. Chairman (Syed Nayyar Hussain Bokhari) in the Chair. ---------------- Recitation from the Holy Quran ‰ ‰ ‰ ª‰ ª ª ‰‰ ‚‚ÂÂş ‰ - ‰ ‰ ‰ ª⁄ª ªªÂ‚ ‚ „ ‚ÂÂ!ª‹ #≈‹ ªč&' ª&‚‚‚ „‚ ‚ ‚ ‚‚ ‚ , ‚ ,!(ª)ª'* ª+'' , , . ("45) 6783 9!7 23 !()'* +'' / 0 # , ., , , . 1 1 C ( :;" 9 <5=!>25 9?2 +@AB, ,,, D " +@! , H =: '* EF " B#$&) +!7?G''* , , , , , /" 2! , , E;"M)''* , , / K "L1 1 1 OOO IG + % -
Pakistan: Arrival and Departure
01-2180-2 CH 01:0545-1 10/13/11 10:47 AM Page 1 stephen p. cohen 1 Pakistan: Arrival and Departure How did Pakistan arrive at its present juncture? Pakistan was originally intended by its great leader, Mohammed Ali Jinnah, to transform the lives of British Indian Muslims by providing them a homeland sheltered from Hindu oppression. It did so for some, although they amounted to less than half of the Indian subcontinent’s total number of Muslims. The north Indian Muslim middle class that spearheaded the Pakistan movement found itself united with many Muslims who had been less than enthusiastic about forming Pak- istan, and some were hostile to the idea of an explicitly Islamic state. Pakistan was created on August 14, 1947, but in a decade self-styled field marshal Ayub Khan had replaced its shaky democratic political order with military-guided democracy, a market-oriented economy, and little effective investment in welfare or education. The Ayub experiment faltered, in part because of an unsuccessful war with India in 1965, and Ayub was replaced by another general, Yahya Khan, who could not manage the growing chaos. East Pakistan went into revolt, and with India’s assistance, the old Pakistan was bro- ken up with the creation of Bangladesh in 1971. The second attempt to transform Pakistan was short-lived. It was led by the charismatic Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who simultaneously tried to gain control over the military, diversify Pakistan’s foreign and security policy, build a nuclear weapon, and introduce an economic order based on both Islam and socialism. -
Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons
Pakistan’s Nuclear Weapons Paul K. Kerr Analyst in Nonproliferation Mary Beth Nikitin Specialist in Nonproliferation August 1, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL34248 Pakistan’s Nuclear Weapons Summary Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal probably consists of approximately 110-130 nuclear warheads, although it could have more. Islamabad is producing fissile material, adding to related production facilities, and deploying additional nuclear weapons and new types of delivery vehicles. Pakistan’s nuclear arsenal is widely regarded as designed to dissuade India from taking military action against Pakistan, but Islamabad’s expansion of its nuclear arsenal, development of new types of nuclear weapons, and adoption of a doctrine called “full spectrum deterrence” have led some observers to express concern about an increased risk of nuclear conflict between Pakistan and India, which also continues to expand its nuclear arsenal. Pakistan has in recent years taken a number of steps to increase international confidence in the security of its nuclear arsenal. Moreover, Pakistani and U.S. officials argue that, since the 2004 revelations about a procurement network run by former Pakistani nuclear official A.Q. Khan, Islamabad has taken a number of steps to improve its nuclear security and to prevent further proliferation of nuclear-related technologies and materials. A number of important initiatives, such as strengthened export control laws, improved personnel security, and international nuclear security cooperation programs, have improved Pakistan’s nuclear security. However, instability in Pakistan has called the extent and durability of these reforms into question. Some observers fear radical takeover of the Pakistani government or diversion of material or technology by personnel within Pakistan’s nuclear complex. -
Towards a Containment Strategy in the FATA
Pakistan Security Research Unit (PSRU) Brief Number 43 Towards a Containment Strategy in the FATA Shaun Gregory 20 th October 2008 About the Pakistan Security Research Unit (PSRU) The Pakistan Security Research Unit (PSRU) was established in the Department of Peace Studies at the University of Bradford, UK, in March 2007. It serves as an independent portal and neutral platform for interdisciplinary research on all aspects of Pakistani security, dealing with Pakistan's impact on regional and global security, internal security issues within Pakistan, and the interplay of the two. PSRU provides information about, and critical analysis of, Pakistani security with particular emphasis on extremism/terrorism, nuclear weapons issues, and the internal stability and cohesion of the state. PSRU is intended as a resource for anyone interested in the security of Pakistan and provides: • Briefing papers; • Reports; • Datasets; • Consultancy; • Academic, institutional and media links; • An open space for those working for positive change in Pakistan and for those currently without a voice. PSRU welcomes collaboration from individuals, groups and organisations, which share our broad objectives. Please contact us at [email protected] We welcome you to look at the website available through: http://spaces.brad.ac.uk:8080/display/ssispsru/Home Other PSRU Publications The following papers are freely available through the Pakistan Security Research Unit (PSRU) • Report Number 1. The Jihadi Terrain in Pakistan: An Introduction to the Sunni Jihadi Groups in Pakistan and Kashmir • Brief number 34. Ethnicity and Nationalism in Balochistan • Brief number 35. The Ahmadiyya Jama’at: A Persecuted Sect in Pakistan • Brief number 36. -
Order Sheet in the Islamabad High Court, Islamabad
Form No: HCJD/C-121 ORDER SHEET IN THE ISLAMABAD HIGH COURT, ISLAMABAD (JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT) W. P. No.676/2017 Shahzada Sikandar ul Mulk & 4 others Versus The Capital Development Authority & 4 others Petitioners by : Dr. Muhammad Aslam Khakhi, Advocate. Syed Asghar Hussain Sabwari, Advocate. Dr Babar Awan, Advocate. Mr Sajjar Abbas Hamdani, Advocate. Mr Qausain Faisal Mufti, Advocate. Mr Tajammal Hussain Lathi, Advocate. Malik Zafar Husain, Advocate. Mr Ishtiaq Ahmed Raja, Advocate. Ms Kalsoom Rafique, Advocate. Ms Yasmin Haider, Advocate. Respondents by : Mr Fiaz Ahmed Anjum Jandran, Advocate. Mr Babar Sattar, Advocate. Mr Sultan Mazhar Sher, Advocate. Mr Waqar Hassan Janjua, Advocate. Malik Qamar Afzal, Advocate. Mr Khurram Mehmood Qureshi, Advocate. Mr Muhammad Anwar Mughal, Advocate. Ch. Hafeez Ullah Yaqoob, Advocate. Mr Muhammad Waqas Malik, Advocate. Mr Amjad Zaman, Advocate. Mr Muhammad Khalid Zaman, Advocate. Mr Mujeeb ur Rehman Kiani, Advocate. Barrister Jehangir Khan Jadoon, Advocate. Malik Mazhar Javed, Advocate. Raja Inam Amin Minhas, Advocate. Ch. Waqas Zamir, Advocate. Fazal ur Rehman, Advocate. Ms Zaitoon Hafeez, Advocate. -2- W.P No.676/2017 Ms Zainab Janjua, Advocate. Barrister Amna Abbas, Advocate. Ms Ayesha Ahmed, Advocate. Mr Kashif Ali Malik, Advocate. Mr Amir Latif Gill, Advocate. Mr Tariq Mehmood Jehangiri, Advocate General, Islamabad Capital Territory. Mr Awais Haider Malik, State Counsel. Mr Asad Mehboob Kiyani, Member (P&D), Mr Zafar Iqbal, Director (Master Plan), Mr Faraz Malik, Director (HS), Sh. Ijaz, Director (Urban Planning), Mr Arshad Chohan, Director (Rural Planning), for Capital Development Authority. Mr Mehrban Ali, & Arbab Ali, Zoologists on behalf of Secretary, M/o Climate Change. Date of Hearing : 19-04-2018. -
Duties: the Incumbent Serves As a Bodyguard in the Execution of Protective Security Operations for the U.S
U.S. Mission AMERICAN EMBASSY, NEW DELHI, INDIA Announcement Number: New Delhi-2019-084 Position Title: Bodyguard Regional Security Office (RSO) Opening Period: October 30, 2019 – November 5, 2019 Series/Position/Grade: LE-0701 /DLA-562042/05 Salary: Rs. 466,405 (annual salary) *Starting salary will be determined on the basis of qualifications and experience, and/or salary history. For More Info: Human Resources Office Mailing Address: Human Resources Office (Recruitment Team) C/o U.S. Embassy, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi – 110021. E-mail Address: [email protected] Who may apply: All Interested Candidates/All Sources Security Clearance Required: Local Security Certification Duration Appointment: Indefinite - subject to successful completion of probationary period Marketing Statement: We encourage you to read and understand the Eight (8) Qualities of Overseas Employees before you apply. Summary: The U.S. Embassy in New Delhi is seeking an individual for the position of Bodyguard in the Regional Security Office (RSO). The work schedule for this position: Full Time; 40 hours per week Start date: Candidate must be able to begin working within a reasonable period of time of receipt of agency authorization and/or clearances/certifications or their candidacy may end. Supervisory Position: No Duties: The incumbent serves as a Bodyguard in the execution of protective security operations for the U.S. Ambassador/Chief of Mission (COM), and other designated or visiting U.S. Government officials as directed. The incumbent will be under the supervision of the Bodyguard Supervisor and will be managed by the Regional Security Officer (RSO) to U.S. Embassy New Delhi in order to protect COM from harm and embarrassment. -
Pakistan's Nuclear Future
CHAPTER 1 PAKISTAN’S NUCLEAR WOES Henry D. Sokolski Raise the issue of Pakistan’s nuclear program before almost any group of Western security analysts, and they are likely to throw up their hands. What might happen if the current Pakistani government is taken over by radicalized political forces sympathetic to the Taliban? Such a government, they fear, might share Pakistan’s nuclear weapons materials and know-how with others, including terrorist organizations. Then there is the possibility that a more radical government might pick a war again with India. Could Pakistan prevail against India’s superior conventional forces without threatening to resort to nuclear arms? If not, what, if anything, might persuade Pakistan to stand its nuclear forces down? There are no good answers to these questions and even fewer near or mid-term fixes against such contingencies. This, in turn, encourages a kind of policy fatalism with regard to Pakistan. This book, which reflects research that the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center commis- sioned over the last 2 years, takes a different tack. Instead of asking questions that have few or no good answers, this volume tries to characterize specific nuclear problems that the ruling Pakistani government faces with the aim of establishing a base line set of challenges for remedial action. Its point of departure is to consider what nuclear challenges Pakistan will face if moderate forces remain in control of the government and no hot war breaks out against India. A second volume of commissioned research planned for 1 publication in 2008 will consider how best to address these challenges.