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The design is simple and strong. 1hn clamping nienhanisin has holm in, proved.and \ ill\ n corr(sivn 1,1111,d 1,1,1. Safety AIR RESERVE VALVE '1'1, fitted will) lin air \ 1' \ I in it cannot 1An 1.0.s.. `Reserve' when Comfort 'empty. The N'11.IV11 I1111-1 110 1'1111111011.11 which can Iii .111' 111' ..111.111.

HARNESS !ICI% nl 11111 \\ harness is III•sirm•II IVO 11 I% 111111- :i1.1.11p, II) 111/110' 11 \N1.11'111 11,`11 1111111, The Essgeo 'Mistral' Aqualung by comfortable Lo \war. Siobe, Gorman based on the famous quick-release n.11 d o•dhold I.11H I . I , al Cousteau-Cagnan design has all the take off the Ihn latest refinements that research, has water, or jettison it , suggested and experiment realised. TWIN CYLINDER CONVERSION DEMAND VALVE The double-lever You can contnit action o.(1,1('OS. opening. resistance - Aqualung into a lc 11111iimmih. didimomiiiiii1111111111111111 iiiiiiiiii1111111111110111111111111111111111111nammiommetailef to a minimum, and the single.stage * In u8 for /mt., II, reduction gives maximum air-flow. I6'88w,, '31 I II III

The Siebe, Gorman 'Mistral' The t osi reliable Aqualung le/fs, Pea's' Pit; 0- SIEBE, GO It \ \ N & CO. LTD. 1/ 40 4 Neptune Works, Davis Road, - `MOBELV—see page 54 Chessington, Surrey. SIEBE 41414 Telephone: Elmbridge 590(1 111111namaill111111111 [IR THE SPORTSMAN Manchester Office: 274, Deansgate. 11„ I 11"""1"111101111111111111111111111111111 iiiiiiii1P0 1111111 Telephone: Deansgate 0000 GORMAN v0, S ARRANGED

000851 & CO I TO. 500T11080.

www.mcdoa.org.uk 4 Vol. 8 No. 3 H.M.S. VERNON,

00 00

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EVERYTHING FOR THE SPORTSMAN SPORTSMAN THE FOR EVERYTHING

A

& EQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT &

SWIMMING GEAR GEAR SWIMMING

DIVING SUITS SUITS DIVING

LUNGS LUNGS

22 22

including the latest designs designs latest the including

and all the better makes of of makes better the all and

FOR THE UNDERWATER UNDERWATER THE FOR

SPORTSMAN SPORTSMAN

EVERYTHING EVERYTHING

leaflets ? ? leaflets

course course

We specialise in in specialise We

NEW LIST and and LIST NEW

FREE—of FREE—of

folder of illustrated illustrated of folder

May we send you our our you send we May

Tel. HOUnslow 67 HOUnslow Tel.

'PAY-AS-YOU-PLAY' DEFERRED TERMS ARRANGED ARRANGED TERMS DEFERRED 'PAY-AS-YOU-PLAY'

126 HANWORTH ROAD ROAD HANWORTH 126

HOUNSLOW, MIDDX. MIDDX. HOUNSLOW,

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PLUS PLUS

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FIRST WITH WITH FIRST

No. 3 3 No.

Secretary. Secretary.

%WI" VAlk4M1t1 VAlk4M1t1 %WI"

B.Sc., R.N., R.N., B.Sc.,

Editor. Editor.

VOWS VOWS

Cartoonist. Cartoonist.

\Y, \Y,

JEFFERSON, JEFFERSON,

and and

Treasurer. Treasurer.

BENFIELD, BENFIELD,

December 1961 1961 December

CAISLEY, CAISLEY,

KAf KAf

EDITORIAL STAFF STAFF EDITORIAL

Merry Christmas Christmas Merry

BRASSINGTON, BRASSINGTON,

MANMWYOMMOOMOOMM MANMWYOMMOOMOOMM

\e, \e,

a Happy New Year Year New Happy a

Instructor Lieutenant J. P. P. J. Lieutenant Instructor

A/P.O. M. J. J. M. A/P.O. Lieutenant H.. E. E. H.. Lieutenant

We Wish all our readers readers our all Wish We

Chief Petty Officer R. L. L. R. Officer Petty Chief

R.N. Diving Magazine Magazine Diving R.N.

MJNIVAAA% MJNIVAAA%

Vol. 8 8 Vol.

47 47

44 44

8 8

7 7

41 41

37 37

5 5

4 4

33 33

30 30

26 26 29 29

23 23

17 17

11 11 14 14

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13 13

page page

36-37 36-37

. . . .

NOTES NOTES

M.D. M.D.

Contents Contents

AND AND

B. B.

. .

. . . .

LETTER-DISILLIUSONMENT . . . . LETTER-DISILLIUSONMENT

THE HORSEA MONSOON MONSOON HORSEA THE

DIVERS EXCEL IN DIVISIONAL SPORTS . . . . SPORTS DIVISIONAL IN EXCEL DIVERS

THE MOBELL MOBELL THE

DIVERS' CROSSWORD CROSSWORD DIVERS'

UNDERWATER PHYSIOLOGY . . . . PHYSIOLOGY UNDERWATER

LONDONDERRY DIVING TEAM TEAM DIVING LONDONDERRY

DIVING DIVING

UNDERWATER AT LIPARI LIPARI AT UNDERWATER

MEDICAL NOTES AND COMMENTS ON DIVING ACC1DEN IS IS ACC1DEN DIVING ON COMMENTS AND NOTES MEDICAL

ADVICE TO THE ROYAL NAVY ON STARTING A SUB-AQUA CLUB CLUB SUB-AQUA A STARTING ON NAVY ROYAL THE TO ADVICE

SEARCH AND RECOVERY OF CRASHED AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFT CRASHED OF RECOVERY AND SEARCH

PORTSMOUTH COMMAND COMMAND PORTSMOUTH

REVERSED EARS EARS REVERSED

MACMEMO MACMEMO

THE SECOND TWELVE MONTHS MONTHS TWELVE SECOND THE

SEA FOOD FOOD SEA THE FUTURE OF DIVING IN THE ROYAL NAVY NAVY ROYAL THE IN DIVING OF FUTURE THE

A recent naval recruiting poster poster recruiting naval recent A

Having cooked your lobster you you lobster your cooked Having

The importance of retaining the the retaining of importance The

piratical young men' — an apt and and apt an — men' young piratical

relinquish a diving rate. Confidence Confidence rate. diving a relinquish

described clearance divers as 'rather 'rather as divers clearance described

take more moral courage to admit to to admit to courage moral more take doubts and give up diving than to to than diving up give and doubts

proper context — but piracy is out of of out is piracy but — context proper of losing face. face. losing of

or lungs of the beast. It is also a a also is It beast. the of lungs or

complimentary term when read in in read when term complimentary

tube which runs through the middle middle the through runs which tube good thing to remove the intestine intestine the remove to thing good remembering that all the meat is is meat the all that remembering hand there must be no stigma on on stigma no be must there hand

is essential underwater and it may may it and underwater essential is hold on and endanger others for fear fear for others endanger and on hold of the tail. tail. the of

that is good in man. On the other other the On man. in good is that those who fail in courses or decide to to decide or courses in fail who those feather-like bits which are the gills gills the are which bits feather-like very challenge of operating in in operating of challenge very fashion and it is not by privateering privateering by not is it and fashion

that naval divers will flourish. flourish. will divers naval that

lack 'volunteers' if example is bad bad is example if 'volunteers' lack

edible, with the exception of the the of exception the with edible, another element calls forth so much much so forth calls element another

not always appreciated. I am sure it it sure am I appreciated. always not the fleet. Diving must then go ahead ahead go then must Diving fleet. the is important and that we shall only only shall we that and important is

over 41bs. add a couple of minutes minutes of couple a add 41bs. over

extra per pound. Remove from water water from Remove pound. per extra

Admiralty is composed of ex-divers ex-divers of composed is Admiralty comes to the boil again. For one one For again. boil the to comes volunteer principle in naval diving is is diving naval in principle volunteer

of one sort of another. another. of sort one of

and leadership is poor because the the because poor is leadership and can then serve it in a variety of ways, ways, of variety a in it serve then can leave for 20 minutes after the pot pot the after minutes 20 for leave

waiting until the entire Board of of Board entire the until waiting fresh water, put in the lobster and and lobster the in put water, fresh and it will then only be a matter of of matter a be only then will it and and allow to cool. cool. to allow and

5 5

Sea Food Food Sea

J. `BEATON'—WARNER `BEATON'—WARNER J.

by by

From my experience withdivers withdivers experience my From

so says Mrs. Beaton. Beaton. Mrs. says so

Provided all these types of diver diver of types these all Provided

On the sporting side the 'amateurs' 'amateurs' the side sporting the On

FIRST of all, catch your hare' hare' your catch all, of FIRST

i. i.

referred to standard equipment with with equipment standard to referred

per hour according to the state of of state the to according hour per — Exped, Medfoba, etc. divers — divers etc. Medfoba, Exped, —

prove a better playground than the the than playground better a prove

pad and pneumatic scrubber! scrubber! pneumatic and pad football field or the cricket pitch. pitch. cricket the or field football work together both on the surface surface the on both together work

right back at least to the 1936 1936 the to least at back right have their part. The sea may yet yet may sea The part. their have

no demand from sea for a suction suction a for sea from demand no methods of cooking the seafood seafood the cooking of methods below the bottom of a ship and can can and ship a of bottom the below

of sea water, or fairly well salted salted well fairly or water, sea of

bottom'. Bearing in mind that this this that mind in Bearing bottom'. husbandry apart from clearing the the clearing from apart husbandry

and underwater there will be real real be will there underwater and

( I ied on you. Bring to the boil a pot pot a boil the to Bring you. on ied I (

all its stages we ought to be able to to able be to ought we stages its all and S.D.D.E. — so far there has been been has there far so — S.D.D.E. and do at least as much with S.A.B.A. S.A.B.A. with much as least at do

water. We haven't really started to to started really haven't We water.

under 9in.: when soft: or when full of of full when or soft: when 9in.: under

appreciation of the scope of diving in in diving of scope the of appreciation clean from seven to 12 square yards yards square 12 to seven from clean edition, have contained the illumin- the contained have edition, the economics of operating under- operating of economics the work from four to six hours daily daily hours six to four from work cggs). Never cook one which has has which one cook Never cggs).

ating statement 'Practiced divers can can divers 'Practiced statement ating

exploit diving in the field of ship ship of field the in diving exploit

Lobsters. (Should never be taken taken be never (Should Lobsters.

odd outlet and undoing wires round round wires undoing and outlet odd

which occasionally falls into the the into falls occasionally which

the problem of catching is far less less far is catching of problem the

shallow water divers — in proving proving in — divers water shallow

a quick look at some of the simple simple the of some at look quick a cause of this I think it is time we had had we time is it think I this of cause than the problem of, cooking. Be- cooking. of, problem the than divers bag. bag. divers screws. The Diving Manuals, going going Manuals, Diving The screws.

www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

It means means It

the the

in in

Superintendent-of-Diving Superintendent-of-Diving

Quite apart from the careers of the the of careers the from apart Quite

I hope that Clearance Divers are are Divers Clearance that hope I

`part-timers' — artificer, free and and free artificer, — `part-timers'

will depend on the success of the the of success the on depend will

full-timers the extent of naval diving diving naval of extent the full-timers

officer than a diver. diver. a than officer

even he will be judged more as an an as more judged be will he even

backbone of the branch as far as as far as branch the of backbone

diving experience is concerned but but concerned is experience diving

S.D. Officer will probably form the the form probably will Officer S.D.

naval diving may be greater. The The greater. be may diving naval

full-time diving but their influence on on influence their but diving full-time

on their other service work. C.D. C.D. work. service other their on T.A.S. Officers can expect even less less even expect can Officers T.A.S.

promotion will depend just as much much as just depend will promotion

later in charge of a team but their their but team a of charge in later

can hope for a `makee learn' job and and job learn' `makee a for hope can

less diving). General List Officers Officers List General diving). less

diving jobs (this need not mean much much mean not need (this jobs diving

team. Officers 'must expect fewer fewer expect 'must Officers team.

trade as he can while a member of a a of member a while can he as trade

C.D. can do just as much for his his for much as just do can C.D.

service and that while doing this a a this doing while that and service

accepting that Clearance divers divers Clearance that accepting should do a fair amount of general general of amount fair a do should

larger T.A.S. Branch. Branch. T.A.S. larger

restraints — it means accepting being being accepting means it — restraints

a part, albeit a virile one, of the the of one, virile a albeit part, a

thought of. It does involve individual individual involve does It of. thought publicity and is generally well well generally is and publicity

time when diving has received good good received has diving when time

important that they should do so at a a at so do should they that important

adopting the broader view and it is is it and view broader the adopting

novations. novations.

and always be ready to accept in- accept to ready be always and

4 4

encourage the wide practice of its art art its of practice wide the encourage tise as a key to other exploits, exploits, other to key a as tise

wards,' regard its professional exper- professional its regard wards,' Alternatively a branch can look 'out- look can branch a Alternatively

Diving Diving is retarded to 'dead man's shoes'. shoes'. man's 'dead to retarded is

individuals and internally promotion promotion internally and individuals

appreciation of the worth of its its of worth the of appreciation

since externally there is no real real no is there externally since

for a time but eventually it will decay decay will it eventually but time a for

Royal Navy Navy Royal

Future of of Future

J. R. CARR O.B.E., R.N., R.N., O.B.E., CARR R. J.

must, therefore, have have therefore, must,

CDR. CDR.

The The

by by

With small branches there are two two are there branches small With

One implication of the cost is that that is cost the of implication One

not depends on many things, above above things, many on depends not

Achieve high professional standards standards professional high Achieve

and credulity: such a branch may may branch a such credulity: and

`inwards', place emphasis on their their on emphasis place `inwards', flourish — whether it does so or or so does it whether — flourish

N my opinion diving should should diving opinion my N `black art' and cash in on ignorance ignorance on in cash and art' `black

main trends — they can look look can they — trends main

others cannot do. do. cannot others

who can do things underwater that that underwater things do can who

armed service and not merely chaps chaps merely not and service armed

virtue of being real members of an an of members real being of virtue

and hold a place in the service by by service the in place a hold and

corps d'elite d'elite corps

duced but where is it now? Our Our now? it is where but duced

the Quartermaster rate was intro- was rate Quartermaster the remember the flourish with which which with flourish the remember

time of economy. Most of us will will us of Most economy. of time

not soundly grafted to the naval tree tree naval the to grafted soundly not

problems; any such branch that is is that branch such any problems;

organisation cause administrative administrative cause organisation is likely to get lopped off in the testing testing the in off lopped get to likely is

number of part-time divers. Now Now divers. part-time of number

small branches of specialists in any any in specialists of branches small

full-timers, augmented by a larger larger a by augmented full-timers,

we can only offord a small branch of of branch small a offord only can we

in the long run. run. long the in

the mundane ones, is what will count count will what is ones, mundane the

fun with the lobsters. Expeditious Expeditious lobsters. the with fun

achievement of all tasks, particularly particularly tasks, all of achievement

spending the rest of the time having having time the of rest the spending

incidents to justify naval diving and and diving naval justify to incidents

military preparedness. It is no use use no is It preparedness. military counting on a few glamourous glamourous few a on counting

belong to a small navy in which which in navy small a to belong

everyone must pay his way by by way his pay must everyone

results. We must recognise that we we that recognise must We results.

going to be paid for if it shows shows it if for paid be to going

to a number of ends — it is only only is it — ends of number a to duties. Diving is an expensive means means expensive an is Diving duties.

regards diving and their other service service other their and diving regards

all the outlook of naval divers as as divers naval of outlook the all I

am indebted to her for for her to indebted am

1 1

It reads as follows :— :— follows as reads It

'In the presence of Arthur Nicolson Nicolson Arthur of presence the 'In

The account was found by Lady Lady by found was account The

Clean and remove from the shell, shell, the from remove and Clean

of July last, they were at the deep sea sea deep the at were they last, July of

William Manson, Daniel Manson, Manson, Daniel Manson, William

That, in the beginning of the month month the of beginning the in That, in the parish of North Yell, who who Yell, North of parish the in being solemnly sworn, depost — depost sworn, solemnly being

of Lochend, J.P. Compeared — Compeared J.P. Lochend, of

John Henderson, residing in Cullivoe Cullivoe in residing Henderson, John

Lochend. As it is written before he he before written is it As Lochend.

writing the article may be about 1823. 1823. about be may article the writing

made a J.P. we think the date of of date the think we J.P. a made

became a Baronet, and after being being after and Baronet, a became

Nicolson among the large assortment assortment large the among Nicolson

Lodge. Lodge.

to be that of Arthur Nicolson, of of Nicolson, Arthur of that be to

prove that there may have been some some been have may there that prove

letting me take down a copy and to to and copy a down take me letting now extinct. extinct. now

have it published if desired. It is in in is It desired. if published it have

good clear handwriting and believed believed and handwriting clear good

tail of a fish. However, the account account the However, fish. a of tail of papers and documents at Brough Brough at documents and papers of may have something here that may may that here something have may

form of being like a mermaid but but mermaid a like being of form

that follows is interesting, in fact we we fact in interesting, is follows that

enlightenment it passed on to what what to on passed it enlightenment

with the upper body of a woman and and woman a of body upper the with

lieved it did. But with the advent of of advent the with But did. it lieved

it is now — — a fabled sea dweller dweller sea fabled a — — now is it

thin brown bread and fresh lemon lemon fresh and bread brown thin I can recommend the following following the recommend can I better way of eating scollops because because scollops eating of way better pieces. pieces.

method:— method:—

operation. However, for those who who those for However, operation.

placing on the gaily stove for 10 to to 10 for stove gaily the on placing cover with beaten egg and bread bread and egg beaten with cover

are lucky enough to take some home home some take to enough lucky are

crumbs seasoned with pepper and and pepper with seasoned crumbs

is also the atmosphere of a diving diving a of atmosphere the also is 15 minutes. There is indeed, no no indeed, is There minutes. 15

apart from the delicious flavour there there flavour delicious the from apart

salt and fry in butter. Serve with with Serve butter. in fry and salt

7 7

Macmemo Macmemo

Incidentally, Incidentally,

* *

the scollops with a a with scollops the

* *

Shetland Times. Times. Shetland

J. J. LAURENSON, FETLAR) FETLAR) LAURENSON, J. J.

Did the mermaid exist? The The exist? mermaid the Did

THE CALL OF SHETLAND SHETLAND OF CALL THE

In the last issue of the DIVING DIVING the of issue last the In

green green

DID THE MERMAID EXIST? EXIST? MERMAID THE DID

Prom Prom

.

ancient mariners ,and fisherfolk be- be- fisherfolk ,and mariners ancient

And can hear her siren call. call. siren her hear can And

on sighting a mermaid should note note should mermaid a sighting on

And she sits in her rocky hall. hall. rocky her in sits she And Station Clearance Diving Team). Team). Diving Clearance Station

whether or not she is wearing a a wearing is she not or whether

yellow golliwog. (Reference Home Home (Reference golliwog. yellow Laurenson of Fetlar, and by courtesy courtesy by and Fetlar, of Laurenson

mission of the author Mr. J. J. J. J. Mr. author the of mission

One can see the sheen of her locks gold gold locks her of sheen the see can One

MAGAZINE one of the cartoons showed showed cartoons the of one MAGAZINE

(

interest and perhaps goes to show show to goes perhaps and interest cartoons about mermaids is the the is mermaids about cartoons that the following article might be of of be might article following the that of the the of

addition to the underwater swim swim underwater the to addition

one wonders if all this talk and and talk this all if wonders one

suit. It is important that any diver diver any that important is It suit.

The article is published by kind per- kind by published is article The divers. In view of this, it is thought thought is it this, of view In divers.

that 'Truth is Stranger than Fiction'. Fiction'. than Stranger is 'Truth that

sequence of a recent alteration and and alteration recent a of sequence

a mermaid being pursued by two two by pursued being mermaid a

knife, remove the frill and the black black the and frill the remove knife, From there every diver knows the the knows diver every there From

part leaving the large white meat meat white large the leaving part

be absolutely fresh. They are also also are They fresh. absolutely be then fry, preferably in butter, but the the but butter, in preferably fry, then The Hjaltland sprite is a mermaid fair fair mermaid a is sprite Hjaltland The

of butter and a shake of pepper and and pepper of shake a and butter of when eaten raw. raw. eaten when

cooking utensil and adding a knob knob a adding and utensil cooking

cooking mackerel is to clean and and clean to is mackerel cooking

extremely nourishing and very tasty tasty very and nourishing extremely centre and the orange coloured roe. roe. coloured orange the and centre

drill of using the bottom shell as the the as shell bottom the using of drill

all important thing is that they must must they that is thing important all Scollops. Open Open Scollops.

www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

* *

* *

Cash or or Cash

Allotment Allotment

* *

* *

Mackerel should come come should Mackerel

H.M.S. Heron Heron H.M.S.

* *

Clothing Clothing

The more conventional way of of way conventional more The

BROS. LTD. LTD. BROS.

10 minutes it's delicious. delicious. it's minutes 10

Mackerel. Mackerel. Try boiling one in sea water for about about for water sea in one boiling Try

straight from the sea into the pot. pot. the into sea the from straight

6 6

of pepper. Serve hot and eat with with eat and hot Serve pepper. of

chopsticks. chopsticks.

green beans, pinch of salt and a shake shake a and salt of pinch beans, green

the crab meat with spring onions, onions, spring with meat crab the

conventional omelette mix and add add and mix omelette conventional

cool and remove the meat. Make a a Make meat. the remove and cool For instance, I always enjoy a crab crab a enjoy always I instance, For

omelette cooked Chinese style. (Fu (Fu style. Chinese cooked omelette Young Hei). Boil the crab, allow to to allow crab, the Boil Hei). Young

is the same as that for lobster but but lobster for that as same the is

there are different ways of serving. serving. of ways different are there

Crab. The method of cooking crab crab cooking of method The Crab.

return the lobster to the sea?. sea?. the to lobster the return

why not have a taste before you you before taste a have not why

next time you catch one with eggs, eggs, with one catch you time next

lobster are as good as caviar, so the the so caviar, as good as are lobster

opportunity. (The raw eggs of a hen hen a of eggs raw (The opportunity.

Chatham, Portland, Malta, Malta, Portland, Chatham,

L8.10.0 L8.10.0

Sports Kit and Equipment Equipment and Kit Sports

Handbags, Ladies' Lingerie. Lingerie. Ladies' Handbags,

Devonport, Devonport,

Children's Dolls, Toys, Games, etc. etc. Games, Toys, Dolls, Children's

47 HIGH STREET, GOSPORT GOSPORT STREET, HIGH 47

also at at also

Service and Civilian• Civilian• and Service

Travel and Fancy Goods, Watches, Jewellery, Jewellery, Watches, Goods, Fancy and Travel

123 6 QUEEN STREET, PORTSMOUTH PORTSMOUTH STREET, QUEEN 6 123

uaranteed uaranteed

GREENBURGH GREENBURGH

G

Satisfaction Satisfaction

P.O. Uniforms, Diagonal Serge Suits Suits Serge Diagonal Uniforms, P.O.

also also

for your your for

Make an Allotment to to Allotment an Make

There are of course many ,other ,other many course of are There

As a change, first boil your lobster lobster your boil first change, a As

When serving cold with salad, etc., etc., salad, with cold serving When

experiment whenever you get the the get you whenever experiment

ways to serve lobster so why not not why so lobster serve to ways

browned. browned.

pepper. Serve with pieces of fresh fresh of pieces with Serve pepper.

lemon when the cheese is well well is cheese the when lemon

cheese and a good shake of cayenne cayenne of shake good a and cheese remove from the grill and cover cover and grill the from remove

liberally with grated 'mouse-trap' 'mouse-trap' grated with liberally

When the butter is completely melted melted completely is butter the When

and the lobster is heated right through, through, right heated is lobster the and

of butter. Place under a hot grill. grill. hot a under Place butter. of

`mouthful' size pieces and fill up the the up fill and pieces size `mouthful'

two empty half shells and add knobs knobs add and shells half empty two

the tails and claws and chop into into chop and claws and tails the

remove all the meat and clean the the clean and meat the all remove

shells. Take all the solid meat from from meat solid the all Take shells.

beast straight down the ,middle, ,middle, the down straight beast

and allow it to cool. Then split the the split Then cool. to it allow and

using pepper and vinegar to season. season. to vinegar and pepper using

make a paste with the soft parts parts soft the with paste a make

serve all the solid meat in pieces and and pieces in meat solid the all serve

www.mcdoa.org.uk fishing from 30 to 36 miles from land, grey colour like a fish. From the 12 months, and to put it all down case you don't know) in spite of and about midnight took up a breasts the shape sloped towards the would outlast my allocated 'office `divers driving' it still survives, a few creature attached by the back of the tail, close to which was only about hours'. Briefly, however, with the souvenirs, of course — a dent in the neck to a hook, which was about 3 four inches in circumference. The tremendous advantage of being at- headlight where a large cockerel feet long, and about 30 inches in tail was flat, and consisted of two tached to a Civil Engineering Con- decided to take off in front of the circumference at the broadest part, lobes which, when extended, might tractor we have made considerable van; a bend in the ventilator on the which was across the shoulders. be six inches together in breadth, and headway. Home support is strong roof which we succeeded in doing From the navel upwards it resembled were set at right angles with the face with all the young typists being put with three coxswains conning the a human being — had breasts as of the creature: it resembled the tail out of routine every time the divers van into a hotel garage at Strath- large as those of a woman. Attached of a halibut. The animal was nearly return to base. Having a few young haven, etc. to the side were arms about nine round at the shoulders. It appeared virile divers around seems to have Regarding Diving equipment we inches long, with wrists and hands to have shoulder bones and a hollow helped feminine morale at least; they have a bit of everything. Siebe, like those of a human being, except space between them, like a human haven't got round to training the Hienkie, Skinners, etc., even some that there were webs between the being. The diminution of size in- girls how to patch suits, though I feel U.S. Divers, all air systems of course fingers for about half their length. creased most rapidly from the navel it is only a matter of time. For the with surface air supply. Demand The fingers were, in number and which might be nine inches below the sake of continuous good relations valve system very popular. shape, like those of a man. The little breasts. There was between the with the engineers, apart from any- We do a medical every, six months arms were close on the outside of the nostrils a thing that appeared to be a thing else, it is essential to keep the and our appointed Doctor is Dr. breasts and on the corner of each piece of gristle about nine inches long divers out on a job. It is wonder- Nellie . . . We were a bit worried shoulder was placed a fin of a round and which resembled a thick bristle. fully peaceful at the moment with the about a lady looking at our `nellies' form which when extended, covered There was a similar one on each side team bunging up cracks in a dam in of the head, but not quite so long, Scotland. but fortunately for us (or her) she both the breasts and arms. The has a male colleague. animal had a short neck, on which which the animal had the power of We are now up to 'Unit Strength', rested a head, about the length of a moving backwards and forwards, and Work has had its frustrations, one Ex-Diving Officer and five ex- swimming around in beautifully clear man's, but not nearly so round, and could make them meet on top of the ratings, remember a C.D. saying somewhat pointed at the top. It had skull. When the men spoke the water with half a dozen large salmon, `Too many chiefs and not enough under the watchful eye of the water eyebrows without hair, and eyelids animal answered, and moved those Indians'. well I am doing my best to covering two small blue eyes, some- bristles, which led them to suppose bailiff, proved most galling. On the be the only chief, but with Bob lighter side, cruising around Hamp- what like those of a human being — that the creature heard by means of Linscott saying 'You can't do that', shire's more isolated villages looking not like those of a fish. It had no them. They did not observe what sort and the divers coming out with help- for out-of-the-way bridges was very nose, but two orifices for blowing of teeth the creature had, nor the ful comments such as 'You shove off, through. It had a mouth so large parts of generation. There was no pleasant, whilst lunch-break in the we'll get on with it', I sometimes country pub, talking farmers' lan- that when opened wide, it could hair upon any part of its body which wonder! admit a man's fist. It had lips rather was soft and slimy. guage was fun. I now know that a thicker than a man's, of a pure white There is an old opinion among The team now consists of heifer is not what I thought it was. Bob Linscott, 'Pat' Patrick, Colin colour. There was no chin, but they fishermen that it is unlucky to kill a On short jobs we normally stay in think the lower jaw projected a little mermaid and therefore, after having Holdsworth, `Spadge' Sparrowe and Bill Bailey. 'Barney' Barnes was hotels, the Landlords practice of further than the upper one. There kept it in the boat for some time, they ensuring that the only warm room were no ears. The whole front of the slipped it. with' us for about three months but he has now left to make his fortune in the house is the lounge removes animal was covered with skin, white All which is truth, so help them any hesitation we might have on as linen, the back with skin of a light God.' in Kuwait. In Australia we have an ex-Aussy C.D. — C. H. Dieben who entering the bar sharp at six, a quiet, is doing fine work in Hobart. You evening is therefore difficult to Will gather from the above list that achieve. Odd as it seems to us, the' The Second Twelve Months we are a diving force to reckon with, locals come from miles around to meet these queer people 'the divers' by HARRY WARDLE so, if any planner is depressed about the diving strength of the Navy, not An expected peaceful three weeks in write now as a hardened Civilian been replaced. You will gather there- to worry, you have the Reserves! the backwater of Bradford-on-Avon fore, that as far as physical effort is last month proved anything but T Diving Contractor, with a whole year's operations behind me, and, concerned,going back to my first love Our principle form of transport is peaceful. The Sister at the local talking about 'behind', a few of the has been easier on the constitution. a 15cwt. van appropriately painted hospital assisted putting a stitch in pounds left in Scotland have now Much has happened in the first red and white (diving flag colours, in Wardle's hand started another round 8 www.mcdoa.org.uk '9 www.mcdoa.org.uk

of social activity which didn't help `Island' residents on a run ashore. the patient I'm afraid. Plugging in stopped the proprietor's The only really quiet place we have electric clock so all hands had a half worked is on Lismore, an island hours extension, before this was opposite Oban, no electricity and no spotted. As we had the Coxswain Pub. The excuse for a run ashore was of the ferry with us all was well. to plug in for a shave, as opposed to 1962 looks like being a promising the more usual excuse, this proved a year for us as I hope it will be for all most popular move with the other the diving fraternity.

Reversed Ears by SURG.-LT. A. S. JARRETT, R.N. EVERSED EAR' has been a blister leaves a raw patch which will topic for argument for many heal in a few days provided it does ,Ryears. Everyone has had his not become septic. At Vernon we own opinion, and terms like 'ear seal', were lucky as none of the cases `burst ear drum', and 'suit inflation' became infected, but the risk is have spattered the discussions, and always there. some have even argued whether the injury occurs on the way down or the The Explanation: way up. Now there is a well-tried Every diver knows that a dry suit method for dealing with situations develops a partial vacuum inside like this :— while diving — invariably the first (1) Find out what the facts really action on leaving the water is to are. break the face seal to let a rush of air (2) Think up an explanation to fit into the suit. This partial vacuum the facts. must be considered as a possible

eeeeeeeeeeeee 000000 e 00000000000000 VA, eeeeeeeeeee ee (3) Think up an experiment to test cause of reversed ear. It's most the explanation. obvious effect will be to suck the drum outwards, but this is harmless What the Facts are: anyway, and could never cause the This section is based on the study damage seen in reversed ear. But of 14 cases of reversed ear seen in there are other rather more complex H. M.S. Vernon last year. The ear effects arising from this partial drum is never involved. The basic vacuum. The aim when diving is to injury in reversed ear is bleeding keep the whole body at ambient under the skin of the external ear pressure all the time, and of course canal. This starts off as little bright the 'whole body' includes the blood SENIOR SERVICE red spots of blood under the skin, pressure. When diving at 30ft. your The Perfection of Cigarette Luxury these may join up to form quite big blood pressure is roughly 15 psi patches of blood, and then these may higher than it is on the surface. This eeeeeeee e norevoconinceoere fill up to form blood blisters which normally makes no difference as all may swell up till they almost block the blood vessels are supported by off the whole ear canal. The last the extra 15 psi of the water pressure. stage is the bursting of one of these But inside a dry suit, and that means blisters — and that is when blood is Under the wrinkles and inside the ear first seen on the outside of the ear or canal, there is a partial vacuum and VIRGINIA TOBACCO AT ITS BEST on the pad inside the hood. A burst therefore the blood vessels are not 11 www.mcdoa.org.uk

MAC. MAC.

Fowles (Brum), (Brum), Fowles

Type 'C' Mines, Mines, 'C' Type

SWanage, DORSET, DORSET, SWanage,

'B' 'B'

A.B. A.B.

Yours aye, aye, Yours

Park Road, Road, Park

a guide to divers, a love-bite is is love-bite a divers, to guide a

D. WRIGHT, WRIGHT, D.

Cor ! we always thought that 're- that thought always we ! Cor

As As

This concludes the news from the the from news the concludes This

10B 10B

East of Suez where it is hoped he will will he hoped is it where Suez of East

Mundesley are performing a Her- a performing are Mundesley Engineers. This troop of R.E's at ' ' at R.E's of troop This Engineers.

much back-chat!—EDITOR. back-chat!—EDITOR. much

Brassington and and Brassington

ear. ear.

two at Deal and one at Mundesley, Mundesley, at one and Deal at two Portsmouth B. and M.D. Unit which which Unit M.D. and B. Portsmouth

be able to raise a thirst, and perhaps perhaps and thirst, a raise to able be

more and more difficult as it is sus- is it as difficult more and more

pected that after 21 years some of the the of some years 21 after that pected less than 10ft. can produce enough enough produce can 10ft. than less Comment attributed to Surg.-Lt./Cdr. Surg.-Lt./Cdr. to attributed Comment

even some cigarettes ! ! cigarettes some even

feet under the sand by the Royal Royal the by sand the under feet

the latter having been found eight eight found been having latter the

versed ears' was the result of too too of result the was ears' versed disposed of three three of disposed

culean task as they have been clearing clearing been have they as task culean

The job of locating them is becoming becoming is them locating of job The 1 to 21bs. per sq. inch and though though and inch sq. per 21bs. to 1

the minefields there for eight years. years. eight for there minefields the

a form of squeeze due to pressure of of pressure to due squeeze of form a Mackay Mackay

is staffed by Lt.-Cdr. Mac, A./P.O. A./P.O. Mac, Lt.-Cdr. by staffed is the latter is about to be shipped shipped be to about is latter the

of slimy black sludge. We have also also have We sludge. black slimy of

suction to produce bruising in the the in bruising produce to suction

the experiment talks of 30 to 40ft., 40ft., to 30 of talks experiment the mines have become polarised and and polarised become have mines

the locator. locator. the

the whole being mixed in two feet feet two in mixed being whole the

hence do not give a good reading on on reading good a give not do hence

which has just concluded its first first its concluded just has which

'WRIGHT' TYPE TYPE 'WRIGHT'

B. & & B.

with a view to your help in running running in help your to view a with

a Sub-Aqua School at Swanage, Swanage, at School Sub-Aqua a

successful season:— season:— successful

13 13

south of the the of south

JOB FOR THE THE FOR JOB

Unda Unda

A A

of adhesive." adhesive." of

neo-prene sheet, adhesive adhesive sheet, neo-prene

It is suggested that a ship ship a that suggested is It

prene sheets and four tubes tubes four and sheets prene

divers (S.W.D., Free Div- Free (S.W.D., divers

ers and Artificers) in addit- in Artificers) and ers

carrying six S.A.B.A. S.A.B.A. six carrying

and patterns for ship's ship's for patterns and

ial supply of eight neo- eight of supply ial

ion to Clearance Divers. Divers. Clearance to ion

should be allowed an init- an allowed be should

work, our most interesting interesting most our work,

(ii) Introduction of foamed foamed of Introduction (ii)

RE you leaving the service soon? soon? service the leaving you RE

Are you approximately 25 years? years? 25 approximately you Are

Are you a batchelor for some- for batchelor a you Are

INCE our last article things have have things article last our INCE

been fairly quiet as regards B. and and B. regards as quiet fairly been

M.D. M.D.

Since then our main occupation occupation main our then Since

33 there were 60 stone bottles con- bottles stone 60 were there 33

Portsmouth Command B. & M.D. Notes Notes M.D. & B. Command Portsmouth

Mine Type GU trawled up by the the by up trawled GU Type Mine

Dogger Bank. The explosive filling filling explosive The Bank. Dogger Lowestoft trawler trawler Lowestoft

Hexanitrodiphenylamine). Hexanitrodiphenylamine). S

H.N.D. x 40% T.N.T. (H.N.D.— T.N.T. 40% x H.N.D.

job being the disposal of a German German a of disposal the being job

of this mine was rather unusual, as it it as unusual, rather was mine this of Bay (Dorset) and some on our own own our on some and (Dorset) Bay

Stamshaw. Another interesting but but interesting Another Stamshaw. variety of places such as, Stiffkey Stiffkey as, such places of variety

has been dealing with shells ranging ranging shells with dealing been has Germans as a small arms magazine. magazine. arms small a as Germans consisted of very small blocks of 60% 60% of blocks small very of consisted

in size from 280 millimetre (10iin.) (10iin.) millimetre 280 from size in

unpleasant task we had was the the was had we task unpleasant to small 2-pounder, and found in a a in found and 2-pounder, small to

clearance of an old water tank in in tank water old an of clearance

Alderney which had been used by the the by used been had which Alderney

(Norfolk), Alderney, Kimmeridge Kimmeridge Alderney, (Norfolk),

taining some very strong tear gas, gas, tear strong very some taining In addition to about 5,000 rounds of of rounds 5,000 about to addition In

time to come? Can you go 'dry' for for 'dry' go you Can come? to time

A

.

following would like to talk business business talk to like would following

as long as work lasts? Then the the Then lasts? work as long as

.doorstep in a housing scheme at at scheme housing a in .doorstep to • • to

www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

D.P. 1244 1244 D.P.

— —

ments for 'C' type hoods. hoods. type 'C' for ments

on the present establish- present the on

allowances should bebased bebased should allowances

It is suggestd that initial initial that suggestd is It

to drawing drawing to

cover all types of diving. diving. of types all cover

of neck seals A.P. 8580 8580 A.P. seals neck of

(i) Increase in the allocation allocation the in Increase (i)

This will involve: involve: will This

Naval underwater swimmers swimmers underwater Naval

and divers. divers. and

underwater headgear for all all for headgear underwater

That neck seals with wet hoods hoods wet with seals neck That

should become the standard standard the become should

(a) (a)

`16.' Based on these considera- these on Based `16.'

The following is an extract from a a from extract an is following The

Reversed ear is a 'squeeze' of the the of 'squeeze' a is ear Reversed

(2) The next step is to apply this this apply to is step next The (2)

recommends: recommends:

tions Superintendent of Diving now. now. Diving of Superintendent tions

Diving to the Director of Underwater Underwater of Director the to Diving

Weapons, dated 31st May 1961. 1961. May 31st dated Weapons,

report from the Superintendent of of Superintendent the from report

Action: Action:

of cases of reversed ear. ear. reversed of cases of

definitely not found in the majority majority the in found not definitely

make matters worse, but is most most is but worse, matters make

In fact the whole suit forms an 'ear 'ear an forms suit whole the fact In

immediately over the ear this will will this ear the over immediately

seal'; if a small, direct seal does form form does seal direct small, a if seal';

is always less than the water pressure. pressure. water the than less always is

cause the pressure within a dry suit suit dry a within pressure the cause

external ear canal, and arises be- arises and canal, ear external

Conclusion : : Conclusion

damage. damage.

complete sequence of reversed ear ear reversed of sequence complete

has been actually seen to cause a a cause to seen actually been has

would occur in a dry suit at 30 to 40ft. 40ft. to 30 at suit dry a in occur would

occasions a partial vacuum which which vacuum partial a occasions

keen. It is enough to say that on two two on that say to enough is It keen. Medical Journal by the misguidedly misguidedly the by Journal Medical

The details need not be given here, here, given be not need details The

and can be looked up in th6 British British th6 in up looked be can and

pressure to the ear to check that it it that check to ear the to pressure fact been done on two occasions. occasions. two on done been fact

does cause reversed ear. This has in in has This ear. reversed cause does

pheres absolute). absolute). pheres

pressure in the suit is about 2i atmos- 2i about is suit the in pressure

12 12

Depth of dive in feet feet in dive of Depth

(1) A pressure gauge was adjusted adjusted was gauge pressure A (1)

This is a reasonable explanation explanation reasonable a is This

is about 3i atmospheres absolute the the absolute atmospheres 3i about is

minus one atmosphere at 80 feet. (In (In feet. 80 at atmosphere one minus

other words, while the water pressure pressure water the while words, other

vacuum increases, and is almost almost is and increases, vacuum

As the depth increases the partial partial the increases depth the As

feet the partial vacuum in the suit, suit, the in vacuum partial the feet

as recorded by the gauge, was noted. noted. was gauge, the by recorded as

submerged to the neck, and every 10 10 every and neck, the to submerged

diving bell, in which the diver was was diver the which in bell, diving

dives to 80 feet were made in an open open an in made were feet 80 to dives

of his ears, a neck seal. Four Four seal. neck a ears, his of

experiment wore, for the protection protection the for wore, experiment

that within the suit. The diver in this this in diver The suit. the within that

between the ambient pressure and and pressure ambient the between

tube was exposed so that the gauge gauge the that so exposed was tube would always record the difference difference the record always would

nection, to a dry suit. The Bourdon Bourdon The suit. dry a to nection,

attached, via the suit inflation con- inflation suit the via attached,

to read negative pressures and and pressures negative read to

The Experiments : : Experiments The

reversed ear. ear. reversed

pressure will in fact produce a a produce fact in will pressure

the partial vacuum inside a dry suit; suit; dry a inside vacuum partial the

but requires two checks: (1) measure measure (1) checks: two requires but

(2) see whether this degree of negative negative of degree this whether see (2)

vessels. vessels.

was too much for the stretched blood blood stretched the for much too was

reversed ear, if the partial vacuum vacuum partial the if ear, reversed

marks under the suit wrinkles, and and wrinkles, suit the under marks

until they burst. The result: red red result: The burst. they until

pressure finds no resistance in these these in resistance no finds pressure areas and blows up the blood vessels vessels blood the up blows and areas supported. The increased blood blood increased The supported.

• •

own own

.. ..

-

• •

Barbican's Barbican's

t1sz2.

,

- -

Milli, iA iA Milli,

L-00P L-00P

„ „

S S

,11

0

8

Favourable weather, water con- con- water weather, Favourable

Hayward already dressed as Stand- as dressed already Hayward

It was decided to recommence recommence to decided was It

At this stage the diver requested requested diver the stage this At

7 7

li li

were completed. completed. were

passed and secured through both seat seat both through secured and passed

had fired, but this was assumed to to assumed was this but fired, had

by Diver volunteered for the un- the for volunteered Diver by

to eject, as both seats had not fired, fired, not had seats both as eject, to inboard. Returning to his shot the the shot his to Returning inboard.

have fired on impact. A line was was line A impact. on fired have

diver recovered the radio set, and on on and set, radio the recovered diver

at the bottom, the diver reported that that reported diver the bottom, the at

harnesses, which were then hoisted hoisted then were which harnesses,

surfacing at 1810, diving operations operations diving 1810, at surfacing pleasant duty of recovery. On arrival arrival On recovery. of duty pleasant

he thought no attempt had been made made been had attempt no thought he although the Droge gun on one seat seat one on gun Droge the although

plane, wing tip tank, tailcone and and tailcone tank, tip wing plane,

because of tidal conditions at 1530. 1530. at conditions tidal of because various odd instruments were recov- were instruments odd various between 1030 and 1530. The tail- The 1530. and 1030 between to one of the ejector seats before re- before seats ejector the of one to

permission to surface, for it was was it for surface, to permission turning to the surface. surface. the to turning to secure the end of his distance line line distance his of end the secure to

what he had seen. This was only only was This seen. had he what ered, before diving was suspended suspended was diving before ered,

this systematic search the diver re- diver the search systematic this ported the disdovery of the aircrew, aircrew, the of disdovery the ported diving at 1710, using using 1710, at diving

complete with ejector seats. seats. ejector with complete diver, as all of Londonderry team had had team Londonderry of all as diver, granted after he had been instructed instructed been had he after granted

apparent that he was distressed from from distressed was he that apparent

already dived. On the first sweep of of sweep first the On dived. already

I I

15 15

(P

RIP ! -- -- ! RIP

.- .-

r

\ \ \ \

D

,.! ,.!

Barbican's Barbican's

. .

r

c

N N

SN SN

fi

- -

,

4.0

Radion set (APX6) (APX6) set Radion

Radar nose cone cone nose Radar

Remains of fuselage, various various fuselage, of Remains

Engine — type Ghost with one one with Ghost type — Engine Tailcone Tailcone

Wing tip tanks tanks tip Wing

of fuselage. fuselage. of Miscellaneous wooden parts parts wooden Miscellaneous

Wings—Undercarriage housed housed Wings—Undercarriage

missing from one one from missing

Tailplane Tailplane

tail cone cone tail Tail booms — rudder and fin fin and rudder — booms Tail

instruments and controls controls and instruments

On return to harbour at 1725, 1725, at harbour to return On

I. Aircrew and ejector seats seats ejector and Aircrew I.

5. 5. On Sunday 3rd July, diving com- diving July, 3rd Sunday On

6. 6.

4. 4.

5. 5.

4. 4.

2. 2. 3. 3. 2. 2. 3. 3. The technical Officers assessed the the assessed Officers technical The 1. 1.

SC.0.9Fr`i . . SC.0.9Fr`i

menced at 1030, and using using and 1030, at menced

the type of ejector seats fitted, for for fitted, seats ejector of type the

operation and safety arrangements of of arrangements safety and operation loaded and not fitted for underwater underwater for fitted not and loaded

Aircraft Yard, where they wete wete they where Yard, Aircraft

wreckage area, in two diving periods periods diving two in area, wreckage familiarised and briefed on the the on briefed and familiarised of risk to the diver. diver. the to risk of although the ejectors seats were were seats ejectors the although

divers were again taken to the R.N. R.N. the to taken again were divers ejection, there remained an element element an remained there ejection,

\ \ clump anchor as a shot, a systematic systematic a shot, a as anchor clump

There still remained: remained: still There transfer. transfer. search was carried out covering the the covering out carried was search

sumed to have fallen off during the the during off fallen have to sumed

the aircraft. This consisted of: of: consisted This aircraft. the

amount to be approximately 80% of of 80% approximately be to amount ‘\ .4-••• Off-N Off-N .4-••• ‘\

www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

of of

after winch was passed to to passed was winch after

A 4iin. lifting wire from from wire lifting 4iin. A

The body that was reported by the the by reported was that body The

After some anxious moments, moments, anxious some After

As soon as the diver was clear, clear, was diver the as soon As

The engine lifting lugs were located located were lugs lifting engine The

It appeared from the divers' survey survey divers' the from appeared It

diver failed to appear and was pre- pre- was and appear to failed diver

was lowered onto the foredeck. foredeck. the onto lowered was

would part, gentle handling and good good and handling gentle part, would

when it was thought that everything everything that thought was it when seamanship proved successful as it it as successful proved seamanship

large portion. portion. large hoist, when it was estimated to be a a be to estimated was it when hoist,

hanging from the top of the derrick derrick the of top the from hanging

not fully realised how much of the the of much how realised fully not

aircraft was being lifted until it was was it until lifted being was aircraft

transferred to the forward derrick, so so derrick, forward the to transferred

as to hoist wreckage inboard. It was was It inboard. wreckage hoist to as

lifting on the after lifting wire was was wire lifting after the on lifting

carried out. This had then to be be to then had This out. carried

inboard. inboard. and the diver surfaced and brought brought and surfaced diver the and

efforts this was eventually achieved. achieved. eventually was this efforts

The weight of the lift was just taken taken just was lift the of weight The

required to reach him, as he was at at was he as him, reach to required

the ship's side, and after numerous numerous after and side, ship's the

this time some 50 to 60 ft. out from from out ft. 60 to 50 some time this

to the weight in the length of wite wite of length the in weight the to

difficult operation for the diver due due diver the for operation difficult two-legged sling. This proved a a proved This sling. two-legged

the diver to secure to the ring of the the of ring the to secure to diver the

Barbican's Barbican's

lugs. lugs.

and the diver was passed a two legged legged two a passed was diver the and sling which was then attached to both both to attached then was which sling

these. these.

bearers, although the latter are are latter the although bearers,

was instructed to locate either of of either locate to instructed was

slightly more inaccessible. The diver diver The inaccessible. more slightly

right position giving access to the the to access giving position right engine lifting lugs, and engine main main engine and lugs, lifting engine

that the aircraft was lying in an up- an in lying was aircraft the that

aircrew was reported being sighted. sighted. being reported was aircrew

instruments, being the remains of the the of remains the being instruments,

cockpit. Only one member of the the of member one Only cockpit.

14 14

Aircraft Aircraft

at at

S./LT. JOHN HILLMAN HILLMAN JOHN S./LT.

Barbican Barbican

by by

anchored with with anchored

sailed for the the for sailed

Crashed Crashed

Search and Recovery Recovery and Search

Barbican Barbican

Barbican Barbican

as no other suitable diving diving suitable other no as

Sea Venom. Venom. Sea

The diver identified the wreckage wreckage the identified diver The

Port Diving Officer received received Officer Diving Port

orderg from the Base Operations Operations Base the from orderg

T 2100 on Friday 1st July, the the July, 1st Friday on 2100 T

Diving commenced, and the diver diver the and commenced, Diving

At 0943 0943 At

Before Before

This meant the stripping of diving diving of stripping the meant This

to he the engine, both wing sections, sections, wing both engine, the he to

and a mass of electric cables and and cables electric of mass a and

Immediately he reported that he had had he that reported he Immediately wreckage, and was instructed to to instructed was and wreckage, bottomed in the middle of a mass of of mass a of middle the in bottomed

carry out a survey. survey. a out carry

Class) bottomed at 1020 in 38ft. 38ft. in 1020 at bottomed Class)

freeboard. freeboard.

out of the water due to the stern stern the to due water the of out

(Able Seaman P. Hayward, Diver 2nd 2nd Diver Hayward, P. Seaman (Able platform was available. This caused caused This available. was platform

some difficulty getting dNiers in and and in dNiers getting difficulty some

Barbican, Barbican,

td be carried out from the stern of of stern the from out carried be td

rope lowered. Diving operations had had operations Diving lowered. rope

the buoyed position, and diving shot shot diving and position, buoyed the

parts of the air frame, then shown shown then frame, air the of parts stern clump as close as possible to to possible as close as clump stern

these in an identical aircraft. aircraft. identical an in these

by technical Officers on the main main the on Officers technical by

points of the aircraft including the the including aircraft the of points

engine lifting bolts, and the stronger stronger the and bolts, lifting engine

the R.N. Aircraft Yard, and briefed briefed and Yard, Aircraft R.N. the

buoyed position of the crashed air- crashed the of position buoyed craft, the diving team were taken to to taken were team diving the craft,

Portable Air Compressor, proceeded proceeded Compressor, Air Portable

to Belfast arriving at 0600. 0600. at arriving Belfast to

ment for two standard divers, and and divers, standard two for ment

2nd July, the team with full equip- full with team the July, 2nd

transfer by road. At 0300 Saturday Saturday 0300 At road. by transfer

equipment from diving launch for for launch diving from equipment

a crashed crashed a

next day to assist in the recovery of of recovery the in assist to day next

Belfast and to arrive by 0700Z the the 0700Z by arrive to and Belfast

Officer, to proceed with team and and team with proceed to Officer, equipment to H.M.S. H.M.S. to equipment A have

I

Senior Naval

D.S.C.,

Comments

About the second kind, one must

Port Diving Unit , Londonderry, the

Hayward during the operation, was N. Sinclair, mouth's 'Commendation for Good presented to Hayward by Captain E.

Service' which was subsequently creditable work carried out by

awarded Commander-in-Chief, Ply- Officer, Northern Ireland. heart failure from an infection such

possiblities cannot always be foretold older members of the population but not unknown in the younger — or must be expected that sooner or hours before! may defy discovery and treatment if known bottles not to be turned on; later, these things would strike a man examinations, a balance must be which is fatal in three to four hours as certain kinds of pneumonia. It the victim does not report sick — causes. These causes may be a heart who happened to be diving. As these the natural surroundings for man main bottles to be empty but the ents. It is obvious that an infection even if he had been examined six all times. Amongst accidents attack — much more common in the ation and the chances of such accid- emergency bottle untouched; and the always remember that water is not face mask and mouthpiece removed after the most rigorous of medical struck on practical methods of exam- reason for such apparently stupid and should be treated with respect at with this kind of accident is that the at shallow depths. The extra tragedy

actions is never found and steps to

17

think they are

I

kinds of these

on Diving Accidents

SuRG./Lr.-COMDR. D. E. MACKAY, R.N.

would like to mention

I

have learnt them — so I

I

Medical Notes and

hope

I

On 26th July 1960, on behalf of the

N the past four years I have come

across many different kinds of accident arising from man's desire

There are two

ditions, team work, and the detailed familiarisation of an identical air- ulties, was certainly an extremely un- pose any unusual professional diffic- pleasant task. operation, which although it did not craft, greatly contributed to the success of the diving side of this

thought some annotations would be to go underwater or up in the air. present only myself. Before starting I that these are my own views and opinions. Of course, There are many lessons to be learnt— point to emphasize and that is that of value. , Let me make quite clear

sound, practical and reasonable, and and with them, but in this article I re- however, there is one very important anyone else would support and agree the risk of an accident — let alone a run into tens. dives carried out under R.N. auspices each year but the accidents barely known that an apparently fit young serious accident — is negligible where allied. There are many thousands of common sense and sound training are Fatal Accidents man may drop dead in his tracks, say on a route march, or, potentially more disastrously, at the wheel of a vehicle, — medical, and diver's own respon- and the coroner reports natural accidents that sibility. For many years, it has been www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

Isles

DM I

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THE WORLD

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complete with our own Test Certificate Date

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16

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The

THE SUB-AQUA SPECIALISTS Position in Club

Sub-aqua Club

Please send me a copy of your new Catalogue. I enclose payment of 5 shillings Name To J. G. FENN LTD.—The sub-aqua specialists— THIS IS A PUBLICATION NO ENTHUSIAST CAN AFFORD TO BE WITHOUT

In diving, diving, In

This particular condition however, however, condition particular This

In these cases the sooner recom- sooner the cases these In

patient may be crippled for life — — life for crippled be may patient

pression is used, the better, if life is is life if better, the used, is pression

usual process of deterioration with with deterioration of process usual `irreversible', i.e. no matter what what matter no i.e. `irreversible',

In both activities some of the more more the of some activities both In

not have a very final course, may still still may course, final very a have not

recover. Those serious cases that do do that cases serious Those recover. the than age younger a at developing

on return to atmospheric pressure. pressure. atmospheric to return on

after all that is how the name 'bends' 'bends' name the how is that all after cause a lot of distress in that the the that in distress of lot a cause

treatment is used, the patient will not not will patient the used, is treatment

arose — either from the accident or or accident the from either — arose to be saved. They may first appear appear first may They saved. be to

ending if recompression is not used. used. not is recompression if ending

difficulties could arise. In aviation, aviation, In arise. could difficulties

they progress till the shock becomes becomes shock the till progress they

duration and they normally recover recover normally they and duration

serious cases may go on to a fatal fatal a to on go may cases serious as fainting or shock but fairly rapidly rapidly fairly but shock or fainting as

serious cases occur in high altitude altitude high in occur cases serious

(i.e. low pressure) flights of long long of flights pressure) low (i.e.

carry out proper routines or sensible sensible or routines proper out carry

either in the provision of facilities to • • to facilities of provision the in either anticipation to avoid diving where where diving avoid to anticipation

people on their toes. toes. their on people

inadequate decompression, and the the and decompression, inadequate

disappearance of such ' cases lies lies cases ' such of disappearance almost invariably these result from from result these invariably almost

ever do occur often enough to keep keep to enough often occur do ever

that I never shall. Serious cases how- cases Serious shall. never I that

ness in divers and I hope that the the that hope I and divers in ness

constant work on this problem means means problem this on work constant

minor. I personally have never seen seen never have personally I minor.

a fatal case of decompression sick- decompression of case fatal a

three categories of fatal, serious, and and serious, fatal, of categories three

permanent and hence it overlaps the the overlaps it hence and permanent

Here the accident may be trivial or or trivial be may accident the Here

deadly, the effects short-lived or or short-lived effects the deadly,

I will deal with on its own merits. merits. own its on with deal will I

Decompression ,Sickness ,Sickness Decompression

them too. too. them

on their own so I propose to ignore ignore to propose I so own their on

Similarly accidents due to sea snakes, snakes, sea to due accidents Similarly

jellyfish, and so on need quite a tome tome a quite need on so and jellyfish,

variety is too great to detail here. here. detail to great too is variety

may need treatment. However, the the However, treatment. need may

squeezes, itches, rashes, etc., which which etc., rashes, itches, squeezes,

19 19

and so he he so and

2 2

0

these jottings, minor does not not does minor jottings, these

In In

From the medical aspect, loss of of loss aspect, medical the From

In this group, come the ear troubles, troubles, ear the come group, this In

sinus troubles, eye squeezes, suit suit squeezes, eye troubles, sinus

irksome the consequences may be. be. may consequences the irksome

to life however painful, tedious, or or tedious, painful, however life to

mean that you can ignore the the ignore can you that mean

heavy exhaust contamination of a a of contamination exhaust heavy

accident but just that there is no risk risk no is there that just but accident

Minor Accidents Accidents Minor

beat the effects of high high of effects the beat

loses consciousness. Needless to say say to Needless consciousness. loses breathing mixture will in time pro- time in will mixture breathing

duce carbon monoxide poisoning. poisoning. monoxide carbon duce breath for 10 minutes — and there there and — minutes 10 for breath

the man who hyperventilates breath- hyperventilates who man the ventilate, descend and catch their fish fish their catch and descend ventilate,

to let the absorbent catch up, may be be may up, catch absorbent the let to

to inspire before they use up all their their all up use they before inspire to

likely in spear fishermen who hyper- who fishermen spear in likely little amounts. In the first case, rest, rest, case, first the In amounts. little

oxygen. The exaggerated example is is example exaggerated The oxygen.

ing pure oxygen and can then hold his his hold then can and oxygen pure ing

still isn't enough C.0:2 around to to around C.0:2 enough isn't still

and they get no warning from a wish wish a from warning no get they and

water divers. Carbon dioxide may may dioxide Carbon divers. water

sufficient. The second case is more more is case second The sufficient.

monest types of serious accident, accident, serious of types monest

also be present in too great or too too or great too in present be also black-out. This is one of the com- the of one is This black-out.

especially in inexperienced shallow shallow inexperienced in especially

be lumped together as shallow water water shallow as together lumped be

of the kind of accidents which used to to used which accidents of kind the of

this cause leads to the biggest group group biggest the to leads cause this

high partial pressure of oxygen; and and oxygen; of pressure partial high

is exaggerated in the presence of a a of presence the in exaggerated is

plified in the last paragraph. Too Too paragraph. last the in plified

much oxygen may have similar effects effects similar have may oxygen much in that any tendency to faint — faint to tendency any that in

hangover, hunger, over-eating, etc.— over-eating, hunger, hangover,

Lack of oxygen, hypoxia, or anoxia anoxia or hypoxia, oxygen, of Lack

but the last one is usually inaccurate) inaccurate) usually is one last the but

occurs under circumstances exem- circumstances under occurs

consciousness is always a serious serious a always is consciousness

(depending on your choice of word word of choice your on (depending accident and the causes are many. many. are causes the and accident

mentioned as serious accidents in- accidents serious as mentioned

stead of fatal ones. ones. fatal of stead

artificial respiration was used suc- used was respiration artificial cessfully and these cases can be be can cases these and cessfully

www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

Such Such

Fortunately Fortunately

Although accidents in free ascent ascent free in accidents Although

many occasions, lack of oxygen oxygen of lack occasions, many

loss of all feeling). feeling). all of loss

confidence which is terminated by by terminated is which confidence

cases there just wasn't enough. (It (It enough. wasn't just there cases

produces initially a feeling of supreme supreme of feeling a initially produces must always be remembered that on on that remembered be always must

foolproof way of knowing how much much how knowing of way foolproof

oxygen the bags contain and in these these in and contain bags the oxygen

oxygen — unfortunately there is no no is there unfortunately — oxygen

out their bags to do their stops on on stops their do to bags their out

C.D's used the techniques of flushing flushing of techniques the used C.D's

Kingston Swimming Baths. A A Baths. Swimming Kingston recent Service one involved the the involved one Service recent

growing irregularity in which two two which in irregularity growing

gave the incident of an engineer in in engineer an of incident the gave

reissued in a recent Diving Magazine Magazine Diving recent a in reissued

civilian and service diving. A report report A diving. service and civilian for one reason or another do occur in in occur do another or reason one for

ingored till he is revived. revived. is he till ingored

accidents involving lack of oxygen oxygen of lack involving accidents

to be treated for drowning and the the and drowning for treated be to

he inhaled water, then he would need need would he then water, inhaled he

actual cause of his accident can be be can accident his of cause actual

however, while he was unconscious, unconscious, was he while however,

bottles are accidentally filled with, with, filled accidentally are bottles

set will lead to rapid recovery. If, If, recovery. rapid to lead will set

sciousness — a very serious accident accident serious very a — sciousness

takenly given an air set where the the where set air an given takenly --- but landing him and taking off his his off taking and him landing but ---

say, pure nitrogen. He will lose con- lose will He nitrogen. pure say,

To illustrate this, a diver is mis- is diver a this, illustrate To

treatment or the effects of the accid- the of effects the or treatment

ent may require life-saving treatment. treatment. life-saving require may ent breathing set may be quite adequate adequate quite be may set breathing

By this I mean that being able to get get to able being that mean I this By

the diver ashore and remove his his remove and ashore diver the

treatment may or may not be needed. needed. be not may or may treatment

adequate treatment. There are other other are There treatment. adequate outcome is due almost always to to always almost due is outcome

serious accidents where, however, however, where, accidents serious

could well be fatal, the happier happier the fatal, be well could

Serious Accidents Accidents Serious

treatment is very similar. similar. very is treatment

also happen to aviators and the the and aviators to happen also

65 feet. This type of accident may may accident of type This feet. 65

adequate — that is 165 feet not just just not feet 165 is that — adequate

long. Similarly the pressure must be be must pressure the Similarly long.

first signs appeared but this was too too was this but appeared signs first

applied about five minutes after the the after minutes five about applied

18 18

don't don't

1 1

in starting starting in

good diver is is diver good

slow slow

only only

as being being as

has most cases arising in this this in arising cases most has

It would be simple to use lesser lesser use to simple be would It

There is one common thread to the the to thread common one is There

Dolphin Dolphin

persisting are less than those of of those than less are persisting

two fatal accidents, pressure was was pressure accidents, fatal two

winning a treble chance. In at least least at In chance. treble a winning

treatment, the chances of trouble trouble of chances the treatment,

seconds seconds

ascents but as they consider 20 20 consider they as but ascents

country — roughly one in 3,000 3,000 in one roughly — country

Submarine Escape Training Tank at at Tank Training Escape Submarine

sion of air in a man's lung. The The lung. man's a in air of sion

is any cause preventing free expan- free preventing cause any is

trouble may result in spite of correct correct of spite in result may trouble

drill in an apparently fit man, if there there if man, fit apparently an in drill

method is potentially serious in that that in serious potentially is method

are decreased but at all times the the times all at but decreased are

trained, it is expected that the dangers dangers the that expected is it trained,

minutes, and not just distance. Once Once distance. just not and minutes,

a time interval of, seconds rather than than rather seconds of, interval time a

on within reach of a recompression recompression a of reach within on

chamber — and within reach means means reach within and — chamber

that here, training in this psychol- this in training here, that

ogically peculiar idea of not wanting wanting not of idea peculiar ogically to breathe-in underwater is carried carried is underwater breathe-in to

better as an example. In this country, country, this In example. an as better abroad. The main reason has been been has reason main The abroad.

this has not • been the experience experience the been • not has this

accident in training in free ascent but but ascent free in training in accident

there has not so far been a fatal fatal a been far so not has there

degrees of the preceding accidents accidents preceding the of degrees

as a link between fatal and serious serious and fatal between link a as

essential. essential.

monthly dip'. Hours and hours of of hours and Hours dip'. monthly accidents but 1 think free ascent is is ascent free think 1 but accidents

actual underwater experience are are experience underwater actual

can't be a good diver on just a a just on diver good a be can't

rate, it does not follow that he is an an is he that follow not does it rate,

subscribe to 'the 'the to subscribe

an old one' but I do agree that 'you 'you that agree do I but one' old an

expert diver, or behaves like one, or or one, like behaves or diver, expert

should be treated as one. one. as treated be should

good driver, in the same way because because way same the in driver, good

a diver has qualified for his daily daily his for qualified has diver a

driving test, he •is not therefore a a therefore not •is he test, driving

cause a motorist has passed his his passed has motorist a cause

experience of the divers. Just be- Just divers. the of experience

taken. taken.

above accidents and that is the in- the is that and accidents above prevent a similar accident cannot be be cannot accident similar a prevent www.mcdoa.org.uk

advancing years. Again the sooner patient may well be more comfortable recompression is used, the better the during the hours at pressure. world and, in Britain, is now adopted 6. REPEAT 10 TO 12 TIMES PER outlook for the patient. The not so by the British Red Cross Society, St. First Aid MINUTE. Keep an eye on the stomach serious cases pose a problem in the John Ambulance Brigade and the St. to make sure that air is going treatment of the discomfort and pain Finally, in this collection of jottings Andrew's Ambulance Association as only into the patient's lungs. produced. It is possible that aspirin comes the question of first aid. Far well as the Armed Services. By this, I alone will help and that in two to and away the least common need will mean expired air resuscitation, rescue 7. When breathing starts, change three days it will have recovered. be for immediate recompression. breathing, breath-of-life, mouth-to- your own timing to give some However, I defy anyone to prove that Except for lung damage causing such mouth, mouth-to-nose, etc., i.e. all assistance to the weak respiration. he can tell, at the time that symptoms troubles as air embolism, therapeutic names for the use of the breath ex- Now for some 'Don'ts' :- develop, what the seriousness of the recompression can wait for a few pired by the rescuer for inflating the cases will be or what the effects in minutes. The most common first aid chest of the victim. No one pretends 1. Don't waste time. A quick check' 20 years may be. My opinion is firm will be simply removal of the breath- that the method will be pleasant for to make sure there is no `gubbin's that such cases should be treated by ing equipment and rest. The most the rescurer, but he can be com- in the mouth of the victim to act recompression if there is any support- vital need will occur where breathing pletely confident that it is the most as a stopper, is all that is needed. ing evidence for decompression sick- has stopped and revival is essential. effective means that he can use to Do not try to drain the patient in ness as soon as is convenient — i.e. Due to wide discussion and debate restore the victim. It has been re- drowning. Do not loosen tight in apparently minor cases I do not over the past few years, it is probably ported by people who have rescued clothing at this stage. Do not object to a hot bath and a meal before advisable to expound on a method of victims successfully, that while they wait to call for help. Get on with treatment as the 'evidence' could resuscitation which is now accepted were actually engaged in the rescue it. vanish in that time and certainly the as standard in many counties of the they had no time to consider the 2. Don't take too many very deep difficulties and, neither would they breaths, too fast — you might lose hesitate on any future occasion in consciousness! spite of such knowledge. 3. Don't forget to keep an eye on the As a preliminary guide, the follow- chest to make sure your air is DEEP•DOWN ing steps are suggested :- getting to the right place. 4. Don't forget young children and 1. TILT THE HEAD OF THE PATIENT old people have smaller lungs, so RIGHT BACK. This will normally be reasonable with the amount COMFORT... allow the mouth to open. of 'blow'. EQUIPMENT YOU CAN TRUST! 2. Clasp the nose between thumb and forefinger of one hand and In drowning cases, the patient will HERE IS ONE OF THE BEST SELECTIONS have regained a pinkish colour with- OF UNDERWATER EQUIPMENT—AND IT support the jaw with the other. (In a child, leave the nose alone). in a few breaths and natural breath- WILL PLEASE YOU, WHETHER YOU'RE ing will start shortly afterwards. This AN AMATEUR OR THE KEENEST OF 3. TAKE A FAIRLY DEEP BREATH AND method can be used in the water, so ENTHUSIASTS. YOU ARE INVITED TO BLOW INTO THE PATIENT'S MOUTH there is no need to wait to reach the LOOK AROUND ANY OF OUR making sure your lips seal round shore if the rescuer can tread water. BRANCHES, TAKE YOUR TIME, AND the mouth to prevent a leak. (In In electrocution, while the colour CHOOSE THE BEST a child your mouth will probably may return quickly, natural breathing

STOCKISTS OF ALL THE LEADING MANUFACTURERS cover its mouth and nose. Use may take much longer, so don't smaller breaths). LUNGS, WET & DRY SUITS. GUNS. MASKS, FINS, ETC despair. In poisonous atmospheres, 4. If the air goes into the patient's the patient must be removed first but chest, you will see it rise. If not, then make sure you keep your mouth it is going into the abdomen, or away from his 'breathing out' when nowhere; in these cases, tilt the ever you are not blowing air out. 34 Commercial Road, Bournemouth Tel. 22742 Envoi. These are the main points. 119 Above Bar, Southampton Tel. 22687 head further back and push the 52 London Road, North End, Portsmouth Tel. 60051 Remember however that if anything 181 High Street, Poole, Dorset Tel. 495 jaw forward and try again. Moor Street, Birmingham 4 Tel. MID 2474,5 can go wrong, sooner or later it will. 7 Shelton Square, Coventry Tel. Coventry 27304 5. TAKE YOUR MOUTH AWAY AND By careful attention to detail, just LET THE PATIENT'S CHEST SETTLE make sure it does'not happen to you \1111.11.1111.111.1.11 20 BACK. or that it isn't your fault. www.mcdoa.org.uk 21 www.mcdoa.org.uk Advice to the Royal Navy on starting a Sub-Aqua Club (Name and address withheld in the interests of self-preservation) OR some time now I have A vote should then be taken on (a) thought that there has been a should a branch be formed? or (b) Fvery definite need foi a book in should we all disperse and go home no less than six volumes on how to quietly? help all those who wish to start a If the vote goes in favour of form- branch of the B.S.A.C. and having ing a branch, then the following started ii, how to finish it. procedure must be carried out. Those who have read the well An extremely polite letter must be known poem 'Home thoughts from sent to Head Quarters swearing Lavente', will possibly be interested loyalty and allegiance. A letter to the in this paper called 'Home Truths Archbishop of Canterburg never goes from your Aunty'. amiss, and a donation in the form of ri.S. Many people feel the urge to do a future Insurance should be sent to something really worth while in their one of the following:—

akil° lives, and some take to moderately (a) British Red Cross Society useful things such as Missionary (b) Trinity House tc VE -SVST N !PPE'S BACK. FRot% ALD[RNEy1 work, Teaching, Medicine and such (c) People's Dispensary for Sick VoRGo-r 1- e SPANNERS" like, but every so often there is a Animals. man, or dare I say a woman, who Having received an acknowledge- sees the light, and knows there is ment from these, your next step is to something greater than these Yes, I 'THINK We( tE IN FOR A 11 form a committee. The original PtIA/CTUIZE I. they want to start a 'British Sub- voting is vital to your club's future, Aqua Club Branch'. as in subsequent A.G.M's no one will In a recent poll held all over the bother to vote and it is left for the country 25% said 'No', l 3i% said standing committee to vote them- `Why?' and 54% had no idea, this selves in for future terms of office, Ad the last group, I feel needs guidance. Infinitum. The first essential of course is to Always have a large number on get 'people', how you get them is the committee with as many mem- your own affair entirely, you may like bers as you can seat comfortably. to apply to one of the more reputable It's more fun picking them, always agencies dealing in spare people. or pick people who make long and you may prefer a gimick to attract eloquent speeches on any subject put them, like running up and down the in front of them, those who speak High Street in full diving gear. I briefly and to the point can ruin a would suggest standard gear is best meeting, and you cannot keep an all left to the Naval Recruiting Depart- night sitting going that way. All ment, permission from your local members should have widely differing Police Station is necessary however. points of view on everything from Having gathered sufficient num- life-jackets to blood sports. bers of healthy bodied (and minded) It is good idea to have a lady as 000 0 0 young people together, and let's face secretary, because they are usually o it, there are not many about, you good at making tea and sandwiches, M El should call a meeting. and if they should have a bright

22 www.mcdoa.org.uk 23 www.mcdoa.org.uk

suggestion you can laugh it off all People who are proficient with together, more easily than if it were mask and snorkel tube can be use- a man. fully employed diving and surfacing Make sure each committee mem- suddenly and without warning, under ber owns a car, this saves the rest of a beginner doing his 'Floating on his Zit s30 31t* iira. EL 1 abiLar• the members buying one, as they will back for five minutes test'. transport all your equipment, and Undermining morale is important underwater compressed-air you and all your friends quite cheer- breathing set at this stage. Never have Instructors fully over the countryside to enable in the water, they should remain fully diving to take place at pretty little clothed at the side of the bath, if spots on the coast. possible with a bad cold. Never the Having now got a committee the teach or explain divers' illnesses and next thing is to start a training pro- never refer to the stoppages table. gramme. One of the hardest things This will ensure that the Duty Diving finest is to try to persuade these keen Staff at H.M.S. Vernon never get any recruits that a diving club is not sleep (why is it 'bends' always come necessarily formed for diving, there on about midnight?) are numerous activities in which they underwater The secretary should never enter should take part and they should be the water, but always be seen solving encouraged to learn the first rule — the many problems that come her 'for every hour spent training in the swimming way, in stiletto heels, with sheaves of baths — two in the bar'. notes in her hand. A little psychology can help in quipment restraining too much keeness how- Have the diving officer being ever, and the following suggestion taught the breast stroke with a life- will help. jacket on. This should quickly dispel over confidence in leaders. n the When a queue of trainees are waiting to assemble their equipment Instructors of course, should which has been carefully placed at always encourage pupils to perform ,World their disposal, it is a good idea to lose their rolling in backwards with a the spanner necessary for tightening lung from the high diving board. If the nut holding the valve on the all these methods fail, then you will bottle, a good half hour can be have to accept the fact that you have wasted while they try to find it. people who actually want to dive. None of the instructors should carry So plans must be made for making a list of tests with them so that they facilities available. The obvious can spend most of the time enquiring answer is to buy a boat. from other instructors what No. 5 in With the promise of gloriously Section 'B' should do. sunny days at sea, you may well get If they receive no satisfactory members silly enough to buy a large answer they should cancel everything hull with an engine and encourage until next time. them to convert it into a combined If anyone has started swimming cruiser. the two lengths in full diving gear, it For the next three or four years For details write to: is quite amusing for three or four you will then make quite sure that NORMALAIR LIMITED YEOVIL ENGLAND older members who have passed this INDUSTRIAL DIVISION though a little diving will take place 2 7-3 I MINSHULL STREET, MANCHESTER, I. stage of training to jump in on top of your branch will be fully occupied them like depth charges, the new with useful forms of employment. members faces can be very funny In case work should proceed quicker when and if they should surface. than you had envisaged, make sure 24 www.mcdoa.org.uk 25 www.mcdoa.org.uk that no one knows what they are ever possible, having previously of grain, hit a large lump of volcanic Moving off, we then dropped doing. course arranged a fully equipped rock sticking out of the sea, about anchor off the small village on the Never saw up any wood unless you stand-by team ready at a well known half a mile off Panarea. Island of Panarea, small white- have made quite certain someone else signal to rescue them. (SLIDE). washed cubes of houses dotted up the Starting 6 feet from the bows on steep side of the small old volcanic has spent hours in painting it. Never It is a good method of training to the starboard side, the plates are first ensure that the pupil should make his island. clean and paint the bilges unless Tea gouged out, then creased inwards and first dive loaded with essential equip- is ready or the lights have failed. And finally disappear in a hole about 15 Going ashore we landed on a ment like knives, depth gauges, com- if the canvas on the deck needs re- feet long by 4 feet deep. beach of grey volcanic ash and then painting wait until the day before you pass and very pistol. The instructors padded bare foot up and along decide ballast needs replenishing. should always shout last minute Sinking by the stern she slipped narrow alleyways with dazzling white always place as much wood, tools and advice when the pupil is clinging to backwards and downwards coming walls, dusty cactus, blue shadows and clothing as you can find in the galley the ladder with his feet safely wrapped to rest 300 feet away from the rock, purple bougianvillia. and in the sink; this ensures that in a cocoon of slack safety line. with her stern in 150 feet of water and A magic sign — BAR — cool getting meals will always be made as her bows in 90 feet. If a new diving member, not used smooth tiles under bare feet and cold difficult as possible and your secret- to the movement of the boat, is The water visibility there was smooth beer under bare turn — ary will laugh merrily about it. looking rather green and muttering about 100 feet. Finning along the heaven. something about returning to mother, sea bed, 90 feet down, there suddenly Always scrub something which will Back on the beach, a large black quickly be made dirty again and it is an appropriate time to undo a loomed out of the blue grey light flask of steaming hot vegetable soup. the massive bows of the ship, tower- iron cauldron — Mk.1., witches for never paint the outside of the boat the use of — bubbling over a fire of If after all these ideas your branch ing up and appearing to be still until high water. You should now 'driftwood and diesel oil. Bouilla- is still keen to go on diving, then one cutting through the water. A tangle have managed to get it over to the baisse — sounds better than fish stew can resort to drastic methods which of rails and other bits of super- most stupid, that diving is hard work. and tastes better than it looks — But some never learn — so there will should by right put an end to it. structure lay in the sand at the foot of the bows, thrown over by the containing assorted bits of Grouper, come the day when your boat will go Why not arrange a conference and Octopus, Langouste, Rascasse, to- on a diving expedition to a well hire the sports stadium to hold it in. force of impact. Swimming in through the hole there was a twilight gether with onions, tomatoes, green known diving site such as a wreck or It is of course a very nice friendly peppers and garlic. group of rocks. If you can't find world, grey light filtering in through gesture to send flowers to the organ- the hatches. A carboy of rough red local wine, them, then swear blind that they have ising committee when they have been been moved. A gleaming evil looking eye helped to wash down the bits of fish admitted to a Neurosis centre, and and lava dust. All experienced divers should be they will love you for it, they really appeared. Stopping short and encouraged to show two new mem- will. Obviously much more advice slightly taken aback, a second look The next day, another island in the bers a completely nonchalant attitude could be given, but I think this revealed the outline of a head and same group and another wreck, to the perils of the deep, they should framework you should be able to add then beared white teeth of a Moray somewhat older as she was reputed laugh and joke light-heartedly when your own ideas and achieve great Eel, looking just like the mother-in- to have gone down about 400B.C. law. We finned quickly in the other the sea is obviously too rough for heights, if not depths. 200 yards off shore a pillar of direction. All the timbers having diving and should scorn the elemen- Good luck to you all and remem- rock rises 100 feet sheer up from the rotted long ago a skeleton of a ship tary safety rules of wearing life- ber — 'they also serve who only sea bed to 8 feet below the surface. remained. Holds, saloon, engine jackets and using safety lines when stand and watch'. It appears like a cathedral of natural room, Captain's cabin, a quick squat rock, fluted pillars, arches, grottoes on his private toilet — wot no seat— covered with marine life showing then through the after hold, up thousands of yellow buds inter- through the hatch, over the stern Underwater at Lipari spersed with splashes of red and by J. D. HAWKINS rails and down to the rudder and screw, one blade missing, presumably purple. slightly inaccurate title, as a Medical rather than a Diving sheared off when she settled. Finning At the foot of this colourful and A LIPARI is two hours travel by Magazine. back slowly along the whole length massive marine altar, lying like a ancient Sicilian fishing boat It must have been quite a night, of this dead ship she seemed to be sacrifice, were hundreds of Greek from the Isle of Panarea, but Panarea 75 years ago, when a British Cargo very sad and lonely as we returned to Amphorae, once filled with oil or doesn't look so attractive as a head- boat, about 6,000 tons, registered at the hot sun, colour, bustle and life wine but now with sand, many of line, it would appear to fit better into Cardiff 10 years earlier, carrying of the diving boat. them still unbroken, piled on each 26 27 www.mcdoa.org.uk Whispers from

c.13., published

The shot rope should be of three or

When working alongside in rough

Fixed and recognised signals for

All signals from below are reported

If telephone signals are used, Men likely to belong to the crew of

been but recently broken. Of the nothing remained. vessel which carried this cargo, black and looking as though it had

boat and securely lashed, to keep her four inch hemp, and 30 to 40 in thick water or a muddy bottom. ing line' to assist and guide the diver weather, the diving boat should have two or three stout spars, with inboard good mooring sinker, and the sinker fathoms long. Pig ballast makes a ends projecting, placed across the be rounded. should be fitted with a light 'wander- clear of all projections on the ship's side, and to protect the boat from injury — the ends of the bars should

communication with the diver are given in the book of instruction : i.e.— `more air' — 'Less air' — Diver is

alright' — 'Coming up, etc. All other diver and his attendant. to the Officer-in-Charge.

signals are arranged for between the signals are considerably reduced. the diving boat during a commission, course of diving signals with the placing the diver on the main deck, divers that they may be called upon to attend; this may be done by should be at intervals put through a boat deck.

and the attendent on the upper or

29

Diving

by Rear-Admiral Sir Christopher Cradock,

The following is an extract from the second edition of

I have never been down in a

The care of the diver when he is

Precaution for boat and gear. See

A clear space for the pump should'

Editor's Note: other half buried in sand. Scattered 2,400 years of immersion, glistening the Fleet among the amphorae was finely

glazed black pottery unaffected by

in 1908. It is reprinted here by kind permission of the publishers as a helmet immediately the glass has sobering reflection from the past. been removed, I should surmise that

diver's dress myself, but to gather from some of the extraordinary times heard issuing from the diver's and forcible remarks that I some- gether a happy one. at times a diver's life is not alto- here is one such case of empty- down should be extreme, and the chances of forgetfulness so guarded headedness as I know occurred. The

against as to be impossible—although diving boat was by the gangway of a ship with the diver down. A Captain in his Galley, some distance off,

appeared to the Officer-of-the-Watch to be heading for his ship. In his boat to 'stop pumping' and haul screamed to the men in the diving zeal, he (the Officer-of-the-Watch) ahead — picture the diver's face could he have heard. that the air pump is in good order, that the pipes are sound, and that there is a plentiful supply of leather boat, before the after thwart, if a should be tested before going away. washers. That breast ropes and signal be selected in the boat — if a small lines are good, and the telephones

large one in the stern sheets. www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

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Sports Day provided

(

—

Sea Eagle

SOROS

For the Sea Eagle Summer Fair,

The

Ireland T.V. news! Park — that caused a fair old panic

— the language was terrible even happy day—the team being jealous of We gave a Static display in the tank, the Boss's appearance on Northern up Standard and a tailors dummy out, Cox's Gun, etc. A tiring, but with the traffic in the narrow streets complete the picture we had a blown though it sounded Irish at times. through the various portholes. To swimmer making faces at the crowd dressed in Mk.l with U.B.A. plus a i.e. Standard using Seafire and a cutting up process for the share-out. our tank was towed through the fair city of Derry and installed in Clooney few tables with interesting items laid

efforts. The Diving Shed looked like a fishmonger's shop during the

31

The Float 'under way' in the Lord Mayor's Show, Belfast

Routine work continues, mud

A lost outboard motor in Lough

but nevertheless the team were

Derry Swimming Baths. To break handed three 6i1b. salmons for their unsuccessful attempt was made to

usual turned up — most welcome.

regular—a promise. the monotony a few jobs out of the marine examinations, exercising find yet another motor in the Foyle why we cannot make the post more Swilly provided us with a run over the Border. It was found and the S.W.D's and a monthly jolly in the team were duly wined and dined by the grateful owner who also sent a cheque for Naval charities. An now that we have surfaced and from the slipway, foul screws, sub- very long time — reason must be overwork or something. Anyway

appeared in print I see no reason www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

L./Sea. McGrath, Diver 2 L./Sea. Williams, Diver 3 A.B. Culpin, Diver 2.

The divers of every smart ship At night, the diver is supplied with

If a diver gets lost or foul below,

To keep the helmet glasses free A diving pump has to be tested

When divers are at work endeav-

And now I will cease my 'bubbles'

The first offering from Derry for a

quarter of an hour at a depth of 25 fathoms, it is dangerous to take another dip that day. it is no hardship, and soon becomes the doctor as a matter of routine — should be examined each morning by a custom.

with indiarubber attachment where it passes into the lamp. light, the lead being well insulated a 50 candlepower incandescent of the glasses lightly with a little from all condensation, rub the inside daily, and the handiest method of clear glycerine. doing so is to have the testing flask secured to a bulkhead, or somewhere close to the usual home of the pump — then a few feet of piping and a heave round, will do the trick at once.

he should signal for the assistance of wandering line, and bring him back. projectile slung as a monkey and

ouring to stop a hole in a ship, a another diver, who would follow his

lowered below, has been found use- ful for driving home the plugs that fix the shot mats, oakum, canvas, fearnought, and all the hundred and last situation make me shiver; and one obstructions that may be sug- on diving, for the thoughts on the gested to fill the rent.

the whole subject has suddenly be-

come too disagreeable for words.

Diving Team

30

I.D.O.

Londonderry

team now consists of:—

Lt. D. O'Brien (S.D.) TAS C.P.O. Edward, Diver 1

In hot weather, drinking water

In a head sea, always put the A diver should gargle his mouth

When a diver is at the bottom, he

The sitting posture is a safety It is said that on account of gas The diver's limit is about 25

boat for those who want it.

diver's ladder down over the stern of weights on in this position. the boat, for it is easier to place the should be taken away in the diving out with water before he descends, wool into his ears, as it tends to rushing air from the helmet. must be careful not to let his head

`blow up', i.e. capsize, and come up lessen the noise made by the out hips, for if he does, he will assuredly runs the risk of haemorrhage from and place a drop of oil with cotton Reverse the process when wishing to

and helmet get below the level of his to the surface stern first with con- position from blowing up, and to get use one hand to settle down with.

siderable shock to himself — he also the nose and ears.

there, go on the knees first, and then fathoms, and at that depth his limbs bubbles forming in the blood, no

twilight away down there, except on been working for one hour at a stand up to come to the surface. the very brightest sunshiny days. are very nearly in a vice; it is also not descend again for three hours, or diver should make a descent for some considerable time after operating in deep water. For instance, if he has depth say of 15 fathoms, he should again, if he has been down for a

rHE D.O.B.

R.N.

A.B. Wilson, Diver 2

C.P.O. Edwards, Diver 1

The Team joins me in wishing

It is a great scientific achievement

Physiology

Married' banner hoisted close up. to all Divers everywhere, especially left us for the bright lights and easy living of civy street with his 'Just S./Lt. Hillman every success with the C.D.O's course and the best of luck A.B. Wilson, Diver 2 who has just our inspection report. fortunately for us this did not affect Good luck Tug.

many years have been studying man's reactions to such extra- to the 'space' physiologists who for and much credit for the success goes

S. MILES,

33

SURG/CAPT.

by

Underwater

and then inspected the slip-

by man. A manned satellite has

HE world's newspapers have

announced the conquest of space

Our really big effort was the Port

A smart turn out by the Team for

Diving Units appearance in the Lord

beer after the run! Mayor's Show at Belfast. Having to collect the bottled beer prize, was sadly in need of both chair and been told to do something we got us with our yearly appearance in the Pussers three ton open lorry into a replica of our diving boat complete Chief was pushed up to the prize- giving table in a wheel chair — he U.B.A. complete, diving pump heav- prize, but our three days in Sydenham

The team, naturally, came first and Officer's assistance, transformed a preparing for the Show were most Standard Boot Race over 50 yards. hoisted close up. A Standard diver loudest cheer from the packed streets Diving Boat. We did not win a cracking and, with the Base Engineer with bow wave and diving flags on the ladder, and walking behind, when speed of boat allowed them, two swimmers posing in Mk. l's with ing round, and voice communication going out completed the picture. The official report on the Show read 'the was for the diver walking behind the

enjoyable.

Commander-in-Cheif, Plymouth in- way from the diving boat. We regret

have returned to tell their story. spection. The departmental was to report that he had a wet dip, but carried out by Lt.-Cdr. Roberts, v.c. who dived in the tank and tried the Sea fire T circled the earth and its occupants www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

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32

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C. H. BERNARD & SONS LTD. www.mcdoa.org.uk terrestrial hazards as weightlessness, or bathyscope for such a means The obstacles to be overcome be- pressure result in changes in volume, acceleration and deceleration, con- denies him freedom of contact with fore man will conquer the under- density and solubility in the blood. finement, radiation and above all the and movement in his environment. water environment give a good idea This may profoundly affect the intense psychological phenomenon of Nor will conventional diving tech- of the research still to be carried out working of the body. being remote from mother earth. nigues meet this requirement, for by the Underwater Physiologist. The With increasing depth, increase in Oddly enough the conquest of time so spent below the water is ultimate object is to construct some air pressure causes adjustments in space, has, in spite of the emptiness greatly limited by the endurance of sea bed dwelling ventilated with a pressure behind the ear drums to be and timelessness of the aspect, fired breathing apparatus and the need for suitable atmosphere maintained at necessary, usually achieved quite the imagination of the general public lengthy decompression procedures. the pressure of the surrounding simply by swallowing or increasing whilst the conquest of the rich un- water. In this divers may live for intra-nasal pressure. This is a trick fathomed depths of the oceans has Imaginative scientists and under- many weeks and by means of under- which becomes almost second nature stimulated little enthusiasm. water explorers such as Sir Alistair water breathing apparatus leave the with experience but inability to per- Economically, and as a challenge Hardy and Commandant Jacques dwelling from time to time to explore form it is a common eliminating to man's adventurous nature,freedom Cousteau have given vivid pictures or farm the sea bed, perhaps aided by factor of would be divers. It becomes of movement on the sea bed without of the underwater potential and have small submarine propulsion units. absolutely necessary to maintain the gross time restriction is every bit as spoken of undersea farms and villages As the endurance of the breathing air which the diver is breathing at the important as putting him into orbit. where divers would live and work set nears its limit the diver can return same pressure as the water at his for weeks on end. Our colleagues in to the shelter to recharge the set or working depth. Failure to do this This is a challenge which must be the Underwater Research Laborat- to go off duty without need for any may have disastrous results. faced. Already underwater swimmers ories in the U.S.A. are known to be decompression routine as would As air pressure in the lungs in- and underwater physiologists are patiently and successfully completing occur on surfacing. Decompression giving much time and thought to how creases with depth so the ingredients essential basic resi arch. Sooner or would only be needed on completion of the air, oxygen and nitrogen, dis- this may achieved. It is not sufficient later success will come with un- of the tour of duty. to send a man down in a submarine solve in increasing amounts in the doubted benefits to mankind. In this new situation man remains blood, and pass through the lungs to continually at the pressure of his diffuse freely therefrom into the working depth with perhaps most of Ar. various tissues in the body. the time in an environment of air or its equivalent and remainder in water. Excess nitrogen absorbed in this COOPERSTYLE CLOTHING In approaching this poblem the way can eventually produce a nar- physiologist must use knowledge and cotic effect with untimately loss of for all uniform or civilian wear, tailored by British craftsmen I experience which have already en- consciousness. This can be seen, partuiclarly in the inexperienced from finest British materials. Throughout your career in the abled a suited diver to work on the bottom for a short while at a depth diver, at depths beyond 250 feet as Royal Navy COOPER's of HARWICH can give you a personal behaviour akin to drunkenness. service second to none, both at home and abroad and, if it is of 600 feet which have made diving safe and increasingly versatile, and Excess oxygen also is a poison a matter of gifts for young or old, you can always rely on have evolved an efficient method of which may produce convulsions COOPER'S DIRECT DESPATCH SERVICE. submarine escape from useful depths. rather like epileptic fits when air is Naval, commercial and recreational breathed at depths greater than 300 Remember ! One allotment to COOPER's will cover ALL your feet (Pure oxygen may produce this requirements. diving is rapidly expanding and man's final conquest of the deep effect at 30 feet.) Write now for our illustrated brochure to— draws nearer. Apart from its narcotic effect, Even in air under high pressure, nitrogen dissolved in the tissues will, W. COOPER (Harwich) LTD. man faces many new hazards largely if pressure is suddenly released (as by virture of the fact that, although in bringing a diver quickly to the CENTRAL HALL, MAIN ROAD, HARWICH, ESSEX the tissues of the body behave like a surface after a long deep dive) pro- Telephone : Harwich 347 fluid and being thus incompressible duce bubbles which may enlarge or Branches at: Chatham, Devonport, Dovercourt, Dunfermline, Eastney, adjust themselves at once to the new join up causing pressure on nerves Exmouth, Helston, Portland, Portsmouth, Malta & Gibraltar pressure, there remain spaces such as or blockages in the circulation. This Members of the Interport Naval Traders' Association the lungs, gut, internal ears and results in the painful and sometimes sinuses which contain air or gasses. serious condition of decompression Where there are gases changes in sickness. It is for this reason that, 34 www.mcdoa.org.uk 35 (5)

(6)

(3, 4)

(6)

(5)

(4)

(7)

(7)

(5, 2)

(3)

(4)

(7)

(4)

(4)

(7)

DOWN

(5)

(5)

(6)

(5, 4)

1)

1,

)

5

1, be! wind element

England ( furious

Makes eye-black unnecessary

From Brazil (?)

Where the surface is? Can you change this gurgle before the Ancient, if beheaded and altogether Nelson used it to keep every man from Give or take an apple, April's the time A mythical earth mover Don't dive before you do! Dish of occidental origin Almost their namesake, he shared their That's all right, then There's often one 'outside' on a 'boat' Better than the best Bright - 'is he, son?' Oriental Teas Essential to a pools' syndicate The end of a poetic wife? Too much gin to Wren and you might One way to get the truth! • Three gone, three to go

The idea of using a mobile diving

7.

2.

5. 1. 3. 6. 8.

because it represents a break from

has not been easy, not only because of the complexity of the problem, but conventional techniques.

to complete the work of applying this

the Mobell project. Since the war, I have endeavoured on many occasions concept to peaceful purposes, but this 18. 31. pattern which was the beginning of 12. 32. 24. 28. 15. 21. 25. second world war, started a thought 22. 27. 19. 14. some experiences, gained in the

10.

37

(5)

(3)

(6)

JOE BROOKS

1-INCEPTION

(6)

(7)

(7)

(6)

(7)

by

Solution on page 48

Part

The Mobell

(4, 5)

(4)

(1, 1, 4)

(4)

(3)

ACROSS

1,)

(7)

1,

1,

)

5

up with the right atmosphere

police programme

ready take account of the depth legged event

(5) (1, (4)

( (5)

Make all well - good for a run ashore

Wonder what they'll think of next? Good name for a wrestler? Shake well or breathe deep - but

Full of beans on circuit training? Poor Williams - in a hole again

Initially of good family, and topped Colourless name, deprived of its tail

Wedge edge Just in time This snake led off for a good view (7) Wind away with the staggers Puts up the cost of production Zero, before you read a bearing Dozens of them - getting really fat Wet on the floor - you'll see it in a Ton-up boys! - this is no three- Don't eat your suit - it's this all She's a good starter in life

Change for the fare You can never get enough

HE object of this paper, which is written in three parts, is to

describe the evolution of the

Part 1, is devoted to showing how

8. 4. 1. 9.

required to operate.

the future for all forms of under- 32. 35. 33. 36. water work in which the diver is 34.

14. 16.

18. 11. 28. 30. 13. Mobell concept and its application, 29. 17. 23. together in forming the principles of 26. ience and experimentation have gone a machine which should be useful in CROSSWORD 20.

so that it can been seen how exper- T www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

DIVERS'

All these problems occur in air

The underwater physiologists have

impaired. Voice changes may make communication difficult.

alone. Surround the man with water

and he is faced in addition with dis- torted vision, loss of directional

hearing, impaired locomotion and a

sense of profound isolation.

a big task in putting man safely in his sub-aquatic home but the answers

are known to most of the problems and theoretically at any rate the object can be achieved. Subsequent

articles may show how this is being

done.

36

Furthermore, as air pressure in-

following dives of certain depths and by slow stages. This makes repeated

duration, the diver• must be surfaced, man in an undersea dwelling so that

deep diving time wasting and emphas- ises the need for a technique to keep

plished for one final decompression a whole series of dives can be accom-

schedule.

creases so does its density. Denser muscles, and so limiting maximum

air is more difficult to breath giving

extra work for the respiratory

effort. Possibly also the washing out

of waste gases such as carbon

dioxide from the lungs may be www.mcdoa.org.uk

bell (Mobell for short) for assisting entire length of the submarine in divers in their work, arose in 1942, order to let her through. The strain when we were working against time of holding on against the pull of the to develop an effective ,means of current, at the same time as operating penetrating the steel nets which pro- a rather cumbersome hydraulic cutter tected enemy battleships from sub- was beginning to overwhelm us marine attack. before we could complete the task. The difficulties that had to be To add to our difficulties, we were overcome in traversing hundreds of below our safe oxygen depth, be- miles of turbulent ocean in a small cause the submarine had lost trim submarine, were sufficient in them- during the manouvre. The other selves without having to cope with diver had already blacked out along- the need to operate divers outside side me when 1 remember thinking ' the submarine for cutting nets, how much safer and easier it would placing charges and also for watch- have been to have done this job from keeping on the surface in bad weather a mobile air lock which could be positioned to enable the diver to The result of all this was that one devote all his energies to the use of very quickly learnt how to deal with his tools and also to provide him the problems and pitfalls of diving in "-'-1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 1 with a readily accessible underwater 11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111M self-contained breathing equipment. life raft. One also learnt how in improvise equipment to compete with unex- On this occasion we were lucky pected difficulties. This was an ideal and our inert forms were picked up breeding ground for new ideas, un- downstream of the net, but others hampered by the dictates of con- were not so fortunate as us. A view through the wide vision periscope of vention. a diver, writhing in a semi-conscious The glorious vein in which the paroxysm, is not easy to forget. The exploits of these little submarines strains which were imposed on the have been protrayed in both hist- minds and bodies of those who were orical and fiction accounts, bears a required to go outside, had to be distorted picture of the truth. The experienced to be really appreciated. job itself involved many months of Safe air breathing was not allowed, tedious work in unsafe conditions, due to the presence of tell-tale whilst struggling to get some sense bubbles which might have given our out of the machine which was position away to the enemy and cluttered up with hammy engineering mixture breathing had not yet been and the sort of electricity that used introduced, so we did our own PLAY to set things alight with ease. oxygen tolerance tests whilst working The particular incident that first on a task, by the 'suck it and see' caused me to appreciate the possible method. Now an important point advantages of the mobile bell, ocur- about the Mobell concept as affecting please red one day when we were working the future, is that we are now up for the attack on the German approaching a stage when more battleship Tirpitz. Another diver and effort is being devoted to breaching, myself were engaged in cutting a what might be called the Pressure submarine through a practice net, Barrier. That is, the stage which is THE WORLD'S BEST LIKED CIGARETTES when she was swept broadside into reached when the partial pressure of the net by the strong current that was certain gasses will start to impair the flowing through it. Because of this, efficiency of the functioning of 0 111111111111111111 111111111111111111111111 11 1111111111111111111111111111111111111111 11111111111 111111 11 11 11111 11 we now had to cut the net along the human brain, This barrier is reached 38 39 www.mcdoa.org.uk Furthermore,

record for this event. Elliott

Another way of looking at this Recent tank tests and sea trials

It is very much regretted that the

As the day wore on, the Divers

to existing deep diving equipment, aspect of the Mobell is to compare it vertical mobility.. This is undoubt- emergency use. which consists of an air-lock with surface gas supply only and limited edly a step in the right direction, but the suit forms a sealed unit with the air-lock, which means that the man is restricted and cannot get out of the horizontally, he cannot do so in mid- air-lock to work. II and III of this paper cover this in storage in the machine to be kept for although he can move on the sea bed water and the impeding surface con- nections can be a severe handicap when the sea is rough or the tidal

have begun to show what the final configuration should be and parts Editor's Note detail. stream is strong.

numerous and excellent illustrations omitted because of the prohibitive supplied with this article had to be cost of reproduction.

be rectified. If we were weak in the began to establish a good lead in points over the other Divisions, our have a finalist in the 220 Yards and Vernon 100 Yards. This error should soon also won the Steeplechase. only weakness being in the sprint middle distance events, gaining maxi- mum points in the 880 Yards 1 Mile, events, although we did manage to

sprints, we reigned supreme in the

G. McKINLAY

•

41

Deep water,

C.P.O. R. H

by

Inter-Divisional Sports

Divers Excel in Divisional Sports

N Thursday 27th June, H.M.S. Vernon

took place at Pitt Street Sports

The day started with two very

use. For instance, it must have knots, if it is to be used in strong Finally, the distribution of com- vertical and horizontal planes right through a speed range of half to six machine, all of which have somehow designed to rise and descend at slack water can be more simple, as the be such that it is useful to the diver, to be married, if it is going to be of tidal streams or for survey work, must be such that the air in the lock pressed gas, ballast and air-lock must power and compressed gas to enable sensitive manoeuvrability in both although a machine which is only dynamic problems are not so great. mid-water, or when on the surface. Then the stability of the machine will not spill our under the action of working exterior to the machine. confines of the machine, or for either for working from within the machine is required for deep work. The problem of stowing sufficient side forces either on the sea bed, or in Because of this, the design must in- these requirements to be met, is

considerable, particularly when the

of surface supply of compressed gas clude arrangements for the provision and electric pbwer, which enables the

Ground. With some good 'Volun- to field a very strong team. O teers', the Diving Division managed convincing wins for practice, won the Hammer throwing C.P.O. McKinlay, after some secret being talked into it, won the 440 Yards Hurdles, establishing a new event and A.B. 'Chic' Elliott, after www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

A further development of this

But we didn't get around to trying

The answer to the problem does

task for an exhausted diver and here again, the Mobell concept cropped up; a small air lock would have been a great asset, not only for providing them to remove their masks, breathe naturally and discuss the problem of

a diver's retreat, but also for enabling with those inside the submarine. their work together, or by telephone particular scheme, would have been to site this 'airlock' alongside the diver to pass through from the con- compression chamber, to enable a trol room to the sea via compression

chamber and air-lock, in easy stages. On return from the sea, he would repeat this drill in reverse sequence.

This arrangement could also accept a mobile air-lock instead of a fixed one, thus enabling the diver to enter the air-lock or bell and proceed out onto the job in his machine, con- taining all the tools, gas and power which he requires to be able to get on with it.

any of these things seriously, because the safety and operability of divers, military capability of the submarine although they might have improved they wouldn't have improved the

and may even have impaired it. So, I've tried various types of propulsion unit and air-lock combination all of apart from a few drunken sketches in the wardroom of the depot ship the top half of a Varley suit, the and an interesting experiment with recent years that a measure of success whole thing was dropped. Since then,

which have introduced various 'un- has been achieved, which offers some expected snags and it is only in hope for the future. unit behind an air-lock, as I dis-

not simply lie in bunging a propulsion covered with the first experimental unit 12 years ago. There are many conflicting requirements for the

40

Again, it was experiences gained

An aspect of this early work in the

pressure, such as hydrogen or helium with neat oxygen at as shallow a depth as 30 feet, but when mixed much greater depths can be plumbed with other gasses in a low partial before the barrier is again reached. In order to be able to work effectively

caused by this barrier, the diver needs base to work from. in the fuzzy state of mind which is every physical convenience in the way of assistance whilst working and a

during the last war which brought It is not easy to appreciate the ad- about the practice of working divers from an underwater base, as opposed to working them from the surface. vantages of this. After many days at bucket for every purpose, whilst navigating through minefields to sea in filthy weather; using the same carrying out various tasks from render in me, an interesting degree clearing a surge of electrical faults, the final process of putting on a diving suit to go 'outside' used to

of shock, brought on by exhaustion, recovered to a certain extent because anticipation and fear, which made all my thoughts and actions become there was so much to do. Finally, on return to the warmth and comparat- slow. Once outside, however, one ive comfort .of the control room, one

was able to appreciate the true value of an underwater haven which en- operating from the surface. abled one to dive in conditions which could not be contemplated by those use of an underwater base was that

divers were trained never to approach the surface under any conditions. To

retreat to the surface in enemy waters, was quite out of the question. If in flooded compartment in the sub- marine and shut the hatch, before air could be introduced to relieve the difficulties, one had to re-enter the

situation. Now this was not an easy REA,

Deepwater

Bomb and Mine Dis-

I think you will agree that it has

Lieutenant (SD) (CD) (G)

been a real good show by

in the Sporting World and I would like to thank all those that have taken part for making it such a great

success.

that he is preparing for the great

posal Officer, Malta, has been in- ment. The above picture indicates change over. Gunnery world for his next appoint- formed that he will return to the M.B.E., R.N.,

43

Division, well

honours which

Sporting events, as

won the day with a total

have commenced with a

Deepwater

Deepwater

won the Water Polo League

Vernon

A final mention for the Tug-O-War

Football has just started and

We have now added another

Vernon

Deepwater

beaten in the Mile and 3 Mile by runners in each of these events. They Steeplechase and 3 Mile, having two ran very strongly and were only many supporting divers chanting maximum points. `Down — Up', 'Down — Up' until Steward Meadows, a Navy champion Deepwater men in these events still gained of the on the track. Luckily for us he was losing a pull, and hardly conceding they had dragged the opposing only entered as an individual, so our a real trial of strength, where once again was proved the mighty strength coached by P.O. 'Bob' Atkinson, our event the points were totalled, and rivals, The Ordnance Division, who on to success by the lusty voices of strong men won this event without an inch of ground. They were roared teams to defeat. This being the final I think is for the first time, that is we of 137 points against our nearest were second with 85 points, a con- we had already won the Cross- Divers were in the team.

Gala. A.B. Burton, I would like to vincing win, completing the hat- trick in Country Run and the Swimming

did he compete and win with his War team incidentally had a total weight of about three-quarters of a add was a tower of strength, not only

arm in a plaster cast, he did a lot of hard work organising. The Tug-0- victory to Shield. 2-2 draw (but there even 'Spurs' have acquired the Cricket Knock-Out ton between them. and at one time or another seven lose). www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

E.C.I

United Kingdom

•

the name for automatic watches

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Z www.mcdoa.org.uk

to refill his canister. effect, is wet, penetrating, cold and The Horsea Monsoon Able Seaman Bent, struggling man- uncomfortable. Some ten minutes fully against the gale with a kettleful after initial sailing time poor Pancho S the classes battled their way heavy shower a shallow water can- of freshly brewed tea, suddenly had was sighted struggling back towards towards the diving section didate must have been under the his oilskin whipped up over his head, the section with both himself and Aagainst the heavy rain squalls, it impression that he was on course to carried out a beautiful admiralty cycle in a bedraggled state. After was painfully obvious to one and all qualify disciple for he had taken two sweep to starboard and made what listening to a discourse (given in West that it was going to be 'one of those paces forward to the water before appeared to be a valiant effort to Country style basic English) on the days'. Just how much it was little he realised that the jetty was no climb the office wall with the tea weather, his personal state, feelings realised. The wind was gusting up to longer beneath his feet. Needless to kettle in the 'high port' position. His and life in general, it was safe to 60 miles an hour and the rain was say, his faith in his capabilities was failure to complete the climb was assume that Chief Petty Officer Powis increasing both in quantity and insufficient to bear him up and, just obviously due to a sudden wind Diver 1, was not feeling at peace with quality every minute. Any attempt like Yogi Bear, down he went, Boo change, for, without warning, he the world. In fact he categorically to keep dry was foredoomed to Boo. One of Micks hens, a proud changed direction left and shot stated that he has denounced his old failure; the obvious place to be was bird of mature statue, suddenly across the road at flank speed coming way of life and discarded his motto in a suit submerged. (Not since the became airborne (with landing gear up all standing alongside the coal of 'strength through joy'. days of S.9's have I witnessed such a and wings in the 'housed' position) bunker, with the kettle now in the In view of chiefs lurid 'State of the scramble to get in the 'oggin). and, just as abruptly, made a crash `long point advancing' position. It Union' report, Sir Hook quickly The forenoon progressed — so did landing on the work bench. After a was worth a guinea a box to see Bent organised a full-scale reconnaisance the weather. brief pause to check take off, it struggling to regain control of his of the Food Emporium and surround headed for the pen in a very shaky utensil and his sartorial aplomb at ing grounds. All hands climbed into Occasionally a dinghy was sighted state with engines at half boost. one and the same time. He looked mark ones, were briefed, and moved through the squalls, Instructor and like a Bulgarian fan dancer with the into position for the advance. Pro- standby diver bailing frantically, with A clearance diver candidate almost itch, doing the Highland fling. gress was slow, hazards many. Low the attendant crouched over the oars, `came off own request' in despair as Chief `Pancho' Powis, making a bushes, brambles, sudden variations struggling to keep station on the dip- the wind continually sprayed the in depth, trip wires (relics of the last chicks below. In one particularly proto from his sieve as he attempted sortie to the galley `bicyclewise' left the section under storm canvas, run- great struggle) and ponies tethered at ning free. He goosewinged his way snorkeling depth, all encountered as merrily as far as the road junction, the party took the shortest distance where he became the sudden victim between two points. The ponies ?of. aft4,444.0t. atok4oe of a catastrophe. Chief, not being were quickly moved to safe positions, au fait with Horsea Monsoons was shepherded by a full screen of dip- not too dismayed when he saw the chicks operating brilliantly with sud- ,0•40;t, ceomer PiceActhrhe road ahead of him flooded. What he den alterations of course and speed failed to appreciate was that, like the as 'signalled' by the pony flagship. sea bed, the galley road has its ups On completion of equestrian man- Branches at and down and Pancho quickly found ouvres, the party reformed for the CHATHAM a down. His machine (a relic of the final assault on the galley. A thick Resident representative transport division attached to the scum of coal dust, dead leaves and available Telephone Rainham 82510 building of Hadrian's Wall) was not weeds floated on the water around the door and windows, one of which 12 TAVISTOCK ROAD, fitted with echo-sounder and chief was open and used to effect an entry. STOKE, DEVONPORT unfortunately took a false reading with his hand-lead line of 'depth over Chef's mobile 'dish and chow' roadway' for in no time at all he, carrier was floating against the wall 14/15 CASTLETOWN, 81/82 QUEEN STREET and his ancient velocipede, were at halfway up the building, with an PORTLAND cross-bar depth (only briefly be it anchor down in the vincinity of the PORTSMOUTH noted). As all students of goglyogra- coal bunker. Using the chef's bike phy know, water is possessed of many (conveniently propped against the virtues(?) and chief very quickly dis- wall under the window) as a 'first CATALOGUES AND PRICE LISTS SENT ON REQUEST covered some of them. That in stop with safety', all hands boarded quantity it has a violent braking the galley and witnessed a scene that 45 www.mcdoa.org.uk Although

HOOK).

or was it that good strong

Monsoon, Sir has graciously

replace it with under water given members permission to with 'soup' inflation. discard mess undress and

swim suits mark one fitted

Copyright (SIR

Innoculations are going ahead

After much manoeuvring and fur-

pensing the wine that cheers, and

had completed his chore of dis- poor chef had had it. To make up for the loss, the boys decided to have of scrumpy. `standing' soup pot.

(perhaps) on pay day, to buy a firkin Powis has sworn off 'Porters Pot of a whip wound of a 'fiver' per head effects of wee beasties, etc. which may Ginger swears that all this extra meat apace to guard against the possible Power Driven Divers' and told chef have found their way into .the

Special Vitamin Soup Prepared for

is very good for the boys, Pancho what he can do with it—pot included. NOTE.—For the duration of the

undaunted our diver set off.

America, thoroughly British kind our nation has been raised up on? So, nothing by most willing assistance they reached the members private quarters

and then the 'members only'. In went our hero and at once there was a wailing and gnashing of teeth seldom tive peering about, aided and abetted heard this side of the world, and out he came, tears in his eyes, a look of handed over the prize. The one piece incredulous disbelief on his face and of paper that was to have the place of honour in his collection. A single MENT ISSUE'.

sheet bearing the words 'GOVERN-

the Editor:—

47

the duty rum Bos'n

Vernon

friend of ours who has come

To cut a long story sideways, the

A

Arriving in London after much

`Ginger, I have only three spuds' bone steak?' cracked chef. 'I don't `You're lucky, Noah only had two Eating Establishment' was some- expect in a businessman's lunch, tea- snarled another dissatisfied customer. customary sumptuous banquet daily grow it, I only cook the bloody stuff'. in his Ark' was the swift retort. thing below par on this momentous

enjoyed in 'Porters "Do it Yourself" day (customers had the usual choice — take it or leave it). although under the trying circumstances it was freely

`Keeping a level head' and had made admitted by one and all that Ginger had lived up to Sirs' maxim of always

unanimous vote of full marks to our `tot' as some small recompense for `Arduous and hazardous work above a very good effort all round. A gallant culinary expert determined Sir to recommend him for an extra

fortunately when Ginger finally re- turned to and beyond the call of duty'. Un-

The following Letter was received by home from abroad has engaged him-

toilet paper, and as one would invite their friends to see the family album he reverently invites them to see his paper album. This comprises of all

self in an unusual hobby. He collects with the name, date and place it comes from. Parliament to find out just what the sorts, shapes and sizes of toilet paper Heads of State were using. The haggling at the airport about bringing decided he'd go to the Houses of

foreign matter into the country he the soft gentle safe for babies type, question on hand being which kind? the superior de-luxe model that has

just reached our shores direct from

1 www.mcdoa.org.uk www.mcdoa.org.uk

my pants are on the top of the range

Ginger gazed sadly around and drying and my flipping legs are Easier said than done, although

frozen'. Pausing for a flush through, under statement of fact just about brought the house down and the next thoughtfully added, 'I'm afraid the galley is in a bit of a mess Sir'. This `We'll soon have it cleared up'.

`Don't open that door you'll let all few minutes were hilarious to say the mighty were the efforts of all during least. 'Not to worry chef' quoth Sir, the following hours. Many were from the door knob before realising that the position of the door would `safety', doing their respective best to the water in'. With a shamed look have no possible effect on the state of the water. A youngster squeegee- rought bit of meat' complained one the lad quickly removed his hand of a veteran animal). 'What do you main dining room, chef yelled received, in fact better, as the follow- taken off his hood and neck ring. diners wading towards chef, standing the chuckles. For instance, as one hand made to open the door to the head in the water, bent to pick it up him as if in supplication. Same ing the top of the table dropped the The queue of frog-suited would-be on his table and doling out food Patagonian tripe-dressers on half pay. and flooded his suit — clot had Needless to say, the English language will bear witness :— 'This is a flipping crowd dispersing to various points of hang on, balance a plate of food(?) sense from any of the 'foreign speak- obviously from just below the hoof from on high, into plates held up to the board and Porter stood no non- ing students'. Giving as good as he laddie (as he eyed a section of beef

as she is spoke, went completely by and manipulate a mixed outfit of grappling irons all at the same time—

just like a convention of left-handed

46

The fire door of the range was

E.M.F. Plates were clincking to- would have made Charlie Drake

envious. Pots, pans, dishes, vinegar hanging from knobs balanced on The cooking range, almost at peri- rafters, all above high water mark. ledges, door frames and angles of scope depth was merrily giving off tickler machine with too much back heavily waterlogged bumped dole- jar, sauce bottle, crockery, etc. were clouds of steam like a drop keel gether like castanets, as they bobbed over the framing. points of attachment. Naturally, the begun explaining to Sir Hook the piece-de-resitance was slap bang in ing on a table (which was riding to a to the rafters. With a mixed look of I have been busy salvaging, clearing up, trying to prepare lunch for the around in the water, the frying vat fully against the disused second range four point moor) passing the gripes spilling a mixture of water and fat coffer-dammed with meat dishes and hoisted on its own set of falls secured With the water level rising over since, cloths in a most ingenious manner hanging from a life-line stretched outriders, his legs blue with cold, wooden tin gear) monotonously door suddenly crashed open and in (a relic of the days when sailors used across the galley from two convenient the middle of things, to wit, Leading Cook Ginger Porter in number eight triumph, frustration and anger, Gin- ger, looking like one of Boadiceas attack by two dishes of spuds, one of onions and a fanny-full of soup. around dishes of food, each dish ing on as usual Sir, when the bloody Officers and dinner for the men Sir, and chef's grappling irons were himself and his domain. 'I was carry- across the galley fighting off an shirt, underwear and seaboots, stand- sequence of events as applicable to came the flipping ocean. I was swept www.mcdoa.org.uk

DISILLUSIONMENT Sometimes bits of Daily News. In Diving School, though obsolete, This is the tale of Diver Nobby He found S9's upon the seat. 111i;111:c '11111010Ni 1,1 Who had a most unusual hobby. One day on leave, my tale records Instead of stamps and that kind of He wandered through the House of caper, Lords. He used to collect odd kinds of paper. This, he thought, is simply grand He filed each bit with loving care, Here sit the highest Peers in the land, Noted colour — texture — strength He found upon a certain wall of tear; The name of 'Edith' written small. Then journeyed on with look intense His eyes lit up, he searched with zest To search again in the next GENTS.. The paper here must be the best. He wandered on to look for more But disappointment and surprise From Pompey right to Singapore. Brought tears of chagrin to his eyes. His collection was a thing of pride Instead of paper with perfect tissue Yet never was he satisfied. There were little buff squares, maked He found paper of different hues, `GOVERNMENT ISSUE'.

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48 www.mcdoa.org.uk