OUTSIDERS, CRISIS, AND THE REMAKING OF URBAN COMMUNITY IN MEDIEVAL FRANCE 1348–1500 Adam S. Boss A dissertation submitted to the Brown University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History May, 2015 © Copyright 2015 by Adam S. Boss This dissertation by Adam S. Boss is accepted in its present form by the Department of History as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Date:______________ _______________________________ Professor Amy Remensnyder, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate Council Date:______________ _______________________________ Professor Caroline Castiglione, Reader Date:______________ _______________________________ Professor Tara Nummedal, Reader ii CURRICULUM VITAE Education Ph.D. History, Brown University, to be conferred May 2015 Examination Fields: Medieval Europe; Early Modern Europe; Global Missions and Empires. Passed with distinction, 2011 A.M.History, Brown University, 2009 B.A. History, magna cum laude, Colby College, 2008 Fellowships & Awards Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR), Mellon Fellowship for Dissertation Research on Original Sources (2012-2013): $21,000 Cogut Center for the Humanities Graduate Fellowship (2012-2013): $20,000 (Declined) Peter Green Doctoral Scholar, Brown University Department of History: Fellowship annually awarded to two students fo exceptional achievement in the History Department : $4,000. Charles T. Wood Dissertation Grant, Medieval Academy of America (2011-2012): $2,000 Church Fellowship for Pre-Dissertation Research, Brown University (2011): $ 2,500 Jonathan Barry Research Grant for Senior Honors Thesis Research, Colby College (2007): $1,400. Jack D. Foner Prize, Colby College, 2008: Awarded to the outstanding Senior Honors Thesis in History. “A City at War: Daily Life and Society in Orléans, 1400-1429.” Senior History Prize, Colby College, 2008 Junior history Prize, Colby College, 2007 Publications “Collective Memories of a Foreign Menace: Rouen, 1419-1492,” in Wendy Turner and Christina Lee, eds. Trauma in Medieval Life. (Forthocming, Brill, 2016). Review of David Green, A People’s History of the Hundred Years War (London: Yale University Press, 2014). In Reviews and Critical Commentary (April, 2015). Invited Lectures Invited speaker, Professor Cecilia Gaposhkin’s “Joan of Arc” seminar, Dartmouth College (March, 2015) Invited Lecturer, Colby College Bi-Centennial Alumni Lecture Series, “Crisis and Community in Medieval France,” (March 5, 2013) iii Conference Presentations Co-organizer for session, “The Composite City”, 49th International Congress on Medieval Studies, May 8-11, 2014. Presented a paper entitled “Facing the Forains: the Refugee Crisis in late medieval Rouen.” Organizer for session “Crisis and Community in Historical Perspective” at the Council of European Studies Conference, “Crisis and States of Instability”, (June 2013). Presented a paper entitled “Outsiders, Crisis, and Community in medieval France”. ”Women of Status but not of Honor”: Gender in crisis in fifteenth century France.” Presented at 47th International Medieval Congress, Kalamazoo, MI (May, 2012) “Information for Salvation: The Uses of Natural Knowledge in the Jesuit Relations.” Presented at 126th American Historical Association (AHA) Conference (January 2012) “The Meaning of Victory: Social Tension and Civic Identity in Orléans during the Hundred Years War”, Presented at the Medieval and Early Modern History Seminar, Brown University (September 2011), and at Fordham University Graduate Conference, “Urban Identities Reconsidered” (Fall 2011) "Daily Life in Orléans at the Time of the English Siege," 44th International Medieval Congress, Kalamazoo, MI (Spring 2009) Teaching Experience Faculty Fellow, Brown University Department of History, Spring 2014 Designed and taught a research seminar entitled “Plague, War, Famine and Death: Crisis in the Late Middle Ages.” Summer at Brown 2013–2015 Co-instructor with Wanda Henry for “A People’s History of War”. We designed and taught this intensive pre-college course on the social and cultural effects of war from 2013–2015. Co-instructor for, “Evil: The History of an Idea.” This course, to be offered at Brown for the in the Summer of 2015, will give students a deeper understanding of shifting cultural and religious concepts about evil that shape modern societies and our everyday lives. Teaching Assistant Brown University Department of History, 2009-2011; 2013 HI 1280: English History, 1529-1660 – Professor Timothy Harris HI 1040: The High Middle Ages –Professor Remensnyder HI 1020: Christians, Muslims, and Jews in Medieval Iberia – Professor Remensnyder HI 1030: The Early Middle Ages – Professor Amy Remesnyder HI 1670: History of Brazil – Professor James Green iv Editorial Experience Editorial Assistant, Speculum: A Journal of Medieval Studies, (September 2014–Present), a quarterly publication of Cambridge University Press. In this role, I edit and proof book reviews and articles, and coordinate with our editorial board to assign reviewers books to be evaluated in Speculum, the leading journal in medieval studies. History Editor, Council of European Studies Online Journal, Review and Critical Commentary (2013–2015). Responsibilities include soliciting and editing book reviews and forum discussions, and editing and formatting content for online publication. Research Assistantships Research Assistant for Professor Linford Fisher for his study of slavery and servitude in colonial New England during King Philip’s War (Spring 2011–Spring 2012), contributing to publication of “Dangerous Designes: The 1676 Barbados Act to Prohibit New England Slave Importation,” William and Mary Quarterly 71 (2014), 99-124. Served from 2006–2008 as Research Assistant to Professor Larissa Taylor for her study Virgin Warrior: The Life and Death of Joan of Arc (London: Yale University Press, 2009). Responsibilities included extensive translation and paleography work. Service Media Coordinator, Brown University Department of History, 2014–2015. I currently manage the history department website and social media, and manage publicity for events and courses. Co-organizer, “Medieval and Early Modern Captivity: An interdisciplinary symposium”, held at Brown University, February, 2014. I collaborated with John Moreau of the Comparative Literature Department at Brown to organize this day-long event. Planning Committee, New England Medieval Studies Consortium (NEMSC) 28th Annual Graduate Student Conference: “Reading Medieval Landscapes”, April, 2011. Brown University History Graduate Student Association (HGSA), Administrative Coordinator (2009-2011). Responsibilities included conference planning, organizing meetings and language study groups, and orchestrating orientation events. I also helped to plan and organize successful interdisciplinary graduate student conferences including, “Tension in Society and Scholarship” (April, 2009), “Body and Society” (April 2010), “Borderlands and Meeting Points” (April, 2011). Language and Paleography Training Read Proficiently: French, Latin, Old Occitan, Catalan, Spanish Spoken: French, fluently v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The completion of this dissertation is a testament to the supportiveness and generosity of the many mentors, colleagues, friends, and family members who have helped me along the way. From the earliest stages in the process, I have benefited from the guidance and insight of the three remarkable scholars and teachers on my dissertation committee. My advisor Amy Remensnyder has been a continuous source of inspiration for me since my arrival at Brown, not only because of the brilliance of her own scholarship and teaching but also because of her dedication to illuminating why the Middle Ages matter. When a preliminary trip to the archives in Montpellier did not yield the materials I was expecting, Amy was instrumental in helping me to rethink my approach and follow the sources to the riches they had to offer on the subject of the étranger. At every step of the project since then, she has helped me to make sense of my findings and articulate my ideas more cogently. I am particularly grateful for the faith she placed in me by encouraging my interest in conducting a broad comparative study when I was first planning the project, as well as the saintly patience she exhibited as I slowly worked to bring the disparate pieces from each of my three cities together in the writing stage. Her incisive comments on the dissertation and the many conversations we have had about this research have been critical to me in thinking about how my research fits into scholarship on identity, community, and “the Other.” Just as importantly, the unwavering confidence Amy has shown in me has always encouraged me to strive to meet the high standard she sets. Caroline Castiglione and Tara Nummedal have also had central roles in my development as a scholar and in helping me to organize my research findings and ideas vi into a more effective dissertation. Caroline’s advice on signposting my arguments more clearly has been tremendously helpful to me in understanding how to present my research, and her rigorous feedback has been and will continue to be an indispensable resource while working through revisions. Her rich knowledge of urban history has often prompted me to reconsider my interpretations of the evidence from municipal archives, and my conclusions are always more nuanced and sophisticated when informed by her insights. As