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Anterior Fascial Compartment of the Thigh Medial Fascial Compartment

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Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Action supply Anterior Fascial Compartment of the Thigh Iliacus Iliac fossa with psoas into lesser Femoral Flexes thigh on trunk; if trochanter nerve thigh is fixed, it flexes the Psoas Transverse processes, bodies, With iliacus into lesser Lumbar trunk on the thigh as in and intervertebral discs of the trochanter plexus sitting up from lying down 12th thoracic and lumbar vertebrae Quadriceps Quadriceps tendon Femoral femoris into patella, then via nerve Rectus femoris Straight head: anterior inferior ligamentum patellae Extension of leg at knee iliac spine (AIIS) Reflected into tibial tuberosity joint; flexes thigh at hip head: ilium above acetabulum joint lateralis Vastus Shaft of femur Extension of leg at knee joint Vastus medialis Extension of leg at knee joint; stabilizes patella Vastus Extension of leg at knee intermedius joint; articularis genu retracts synovial membrane Articularis Genu Anterior surface of distal part Proximal part of the Pulls the bursa away from of the shaft of the femur suprapatellar bursa (an the knee joint during extension of the synovial extension cavity of the knee joint) Sartorius Anterior superior iliac spine Upper medial surface Femoral Flexes, abducts, laterally (ASIS) of shaft of tibia (SGS) nerve rotates thigh at hip joint; flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint (the cross-legged position) Pectineus Pectineal line of pubis Pectineal line of femur Femoral Flexes and adducts thigh nerve at hip joint Medial fascial compartment of the Thigh Gracilis Body, inferior ramus of pubis, Upper part of shaft of Obturator Adducts thigh at hip joint; ramus of ischium tibia on medial surface nerve flexes leg at knee joint (SGS) Adductor longus Body of pubis, inferior to pubic Posterior surface of Adducts thigh at hip joint tubercle shaft of femur (linea Adductor brevis Body and inferior ramus of aspera) pubis Adductor magnus Adductor part: Inferior ramus Adductor part: Posterior Adductor Adducts thigh at hip joint; of pubis, ramus of ischium surface of shaft of femur part: hamstring portion extends obturator Hamstring part: ischial Hamstring part: adductor thigh at hip joint tubercle of femur nerve tuberosity (Lateral part of the Hamstring lower triangular part) part: sciatic nerve Gluteal region Gluteus maximus 1-Ilium (area behind the 1-The superficial three Inferior 1-Extends thigh, some lateral posterior gluteal line) 2-Back of –fourths are inserted gluteal rotation (Main extensor of sacrum and coccyx 3-Back of into the iliotibial tract nerve hip joint) sacrotuberous ligament 2-The deep one fourth (L5;S1,2) 2-Plays an important role in is inserted into the climbing upstairs and cycling Powerful extensor of flexed gluteal tuberosity of femur at hip joint femur 3-Supports the extended knee joint through iliotibial tract Gluteus medius Ilium Greater trochanter of Superior 1-Abduction (main abductors of Gluteus minimus femur gluteal the hip joint) nerve (L4, 2-Medial rotation (anterior L5, S1) fibers) 3-Both muscle contract reflexly on each side alternatively during walking to prevent tilting of the pelvis to the unsupported side Tensor fascia lata Iliac crest Iliotibial tract Superior *Assist gluteus maximus in gluteal extending the knee joint nerve *help in abduction and medial rotation of thigh Short Lateral rotator muscles Piriformis Anterior surface of sacrum Upper border of First and Lateral rotation of thigh at greater trochanter second hip joint (medial side) sacral nerves Obturator internus Inner surface of obturator Medial side of greater Nerve to membrane and surrounding trochanter obturator bone internus Superior gemellus Ischial spine (L5 S1) Sacral plexus Inferior gemellus Ischial tuberosity (Upper Nerve to aspect) quadratus Quadratus femoris Lateral border of ischial Intertrochanteric crest femoris tuberosity (quadrate tubercle) (L5 S1) Sacral plexus Obturator Outer surface of obturator Medial surface of Obturator externus membrane and surrounding greater trochanter nerve bone Posterior compartment of the thigh Biceps femoris 1-Long head: ischial tuberosity Head of fibula Long head: Flexes and laterally (Lower Medial part of the tibial rotates leg at knee joint; portion of quadrangular part) sciatic long head also extends 2-Short head: linea aspera, nerve thigh at hip joint lateral supracondylar ridge Short head: common fibular portion of sciatic nerve Semitendinosus Ischial tuberosity (Lower Upper part of medial Tibial Flexes and medially Medial part of the surface of shaft of tibia portion of rotates leg at knee joint; quadrangular part) (SGS area) sciatic extends thigh at hip joint Semimembranosus Ischial tuberosity (Upper Medial condyle of tibia nerve Lateral part of the (posterior surface) quadrangular part) Groove for semimembranosus Anterior compartment of the leg >> Blood supply: Anterior tibial artery In front of the medial malleolus from medial to lateral >> Tom Has Very Nice Dogs and Frogs Tibialis anterior lateral surface of shaft of tibia medial cuneiform and Deep dorsiflexion, inversion, and interosseus membrane base of first metatarsal fibular holds up medial bone (peroneal) longitudinal arch of foot Extensor hallucis anterior surface of shaft of base of distal phalanx nerve extends big toe, longus fibula of big toe dorsiflexion Extensor digitorum anterior surface of shaft of via extensor expansion extends toes, dorsiflexion longus fibula and extends superiorly into bases of middle onto the lateral condyle of tibia and distal phalanges of lateral four toes Fibularis tertius is considered part of extensor the base of 5th dorsiflexion and eversion digitorum longus metatarsal Lateral Fascial Compartment of the Leg >> Blood supply: Branches from the fibular artery Fibularis longus Lateral surface of shaft of fibula Base of first Superficial Plantar flexion, eversion, metatarsal and the fibular supports lateral medial cuneiform nerve longitudinal and bone transverse arches of foot Fibularis brevis Base of fifth Plantar flexion, eversion, metatarsal supports lateral longitudinal arch of foot Posterior Fascial Compartment of the Leg >> Blood supply: Posterior tibial artery Superficial group of muscle Tibial Gastrocnemius Lateral head from lateral Via calcaneal tendon nerve Plantar flexion, Flexes condyle of femur into posterior surface knee joint Medial head from above of calcaneus (Achilles medial condyle tendon) Plantaris Lateral supracondylar ridge of Posterior surface of femur calcaneus Soleus Shafts of tibia (soleal line) and Via calcaneal tendon Together with gastrocnemius fibula into posterior surface is powerful plantar flexor of of calcaneus ankle joint; provides main propulsive force in walking and running Deep group of muscles Behind the medial malleolus From Anterior to Posterior >> Tom Does Very Nice Homework Popliteus lateral surface of lateral posterior surface of flexes leg at knee joint, condyle of femur (popliteal tibia above soleal line unlocks the extended groove) knee at the initiation of flexion Tibialis posterior posterior surface of tibia and tuberosity of navicular plantar flexion, inversion, fibula and interosseous bone and other supports medial membrane neighboring bones longitudinal arch of foot Flexor digitorum posterior surface of tibia bases of distal flexes distal phalanges of longus phalanges of lateral lateral four toes, plantar four toes flexion, supports medial and lateral longitudinal arches of foot Flexor hallucis posterior surface of fibula base of distal phalanx flexes distal phalanx of big longus of big toe toe, plantar flexion, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot .
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  • Developing Learning Models to Teach Equine Anatomy and Biomechanics

    Developing Learning Models to Teach Equine Anatomy and Biomechanics

    The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Honors College Spring 5-2017 Developing Learning Models to Teach Equine Anatomy and Biomechanics Zandalee E. Toothaker University of Maine Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, and the Veterinary Anatomy Commons Recommended Citation Toothaker, Zandalee E., "Developing Learning Models to Teach Equine Anatomy and Biomechanics" (2017). Honors College. 453. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/honors/453 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors College by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DEVELOPING LEARNING MODELS TO TEACH EQUINE ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS By Zandalee E. Toothaker A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for a Degree with Honors (Animal and Veterinary Science) The Honors College University of Maine May 2017 Advisory Committee: Dr. Robert C. Causey, Associate Professor of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Advisor Dr. David Gross, Adjunct Associate Professor in Honors (English) Dr. Sarah Harlan-Haughey, Assistant Professor of English and Honors Dr. Rita L. Seger, Researcher of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Dr. James Weber, Associate Professor and Animal and Veterinary Sciences © 2017 Zandalee Toothaker All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Animal owners and professionals benefit from an understanding of an animal’s anatomy and biomechanics. This is especially true of the horse. A better understanding of the horse’s anatomy and weight bearing capabilities will allow people to treat and prevent injuries in equine athletes and work horses.