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Swedish Wood Fuels Development Project

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Swedish Wood Fuels Development Project Lithuanian - Swedish Wood Fuel Development Project Financed by The Swedish Energy Agency Phase II INTEGRATION OF FOREST FUEL HANDLING IN THE ORDINARY FORESTRY Studies on Forestry, Technology and Economy of Forest Fuel Production in Lithuania Lars Andersson Renatas Budrys Forest Department, Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Lithuania Vilnius 2002 2 Lithuanian - Swedish Wood Fuel Development Project Financed by The Swedish Energy Agency Phase II INTEGRATION OF FOREST FUEL HANDLING IN THE ORDINARY FORESTRY Studies on Forestry, Technology and Economy of Forest Fuel Production in Lithuania Lars Andersson Renatas Budrys Forest Department, Ministry of Environment National Board of Forestry, of the Republic of Lithuania Swedish Energy Agency Sweden 3 ER 21:2002 ISSN 1403-1892 © Swedish Energy Agency 2002 4 Table of Content Preface ................................................................................................................................................7 Abstract...............................................................................................................................................8 3. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................9 3.1 Creation of the project phase 2 .........................................................................................9 3.2. Main tasks for the activity groups ..................................................................................10 3.3. Institutions and persons involved in the project.............................................................10 4 Background ...................................................................................................................................12 4.1. The Swedish forest administration role for increased extraction of forest fuel ...............12 4.1.1. Local integration of forest fuel on the district level .....................................................12 4.1.2. Initial incitement. .......................................................................................................12 4.2. Production of wood fuel in Sweden ...............................................................................13 4.2.1. Present consumption ..................................................................................................13 4.2.2. Import of wood fuel....................................................................................................13 4.2.3. Potential consumption in Sweden in the future..........................................................13 4.2.4. Ash recycling...............................................................................................................13 4.2.5. Preserving the biological diversity ...............................................................................14 4.2.6. New technology in Sweden.........................................................................................14 4.3. Why development projects are needed in Lithuania ......................................................14 5. General overview of the Lithuanian forests ..................................................................................16 5.1. Lithuanian Forest Authority...........................................................................................16 5.2. State forest .....................................................................................................................16 5.3. Private forest ..................................................................................................................16 5.4. Intensity in forest management......................................................................................16 5.5. Present situation regarding wood fuel ............................................................................17 6. Bio fuel usage experience from the EAES program.......................................................................18 6.1. Development of the use of biofuel in Lithuania.............................................................18 6.2. Development of biofuel price. .......................................................................................18 6.3. Limits for using biofuel..................................................................................................20 6.4. How can the development of the biofuel use look like...................................................21 7. Analytical estimation of material balance in lithuanian sawmilling industry.................................22 7.1. Situation, problems, objectives and background of investigation...................................22 7.2. Annual consumption of round timber...........................................................................23 7.3. Material balance in sawlog processing...........................................................................23 7.4. Material balance in small size pallet logs ........................................................................26 8. Forest fuel production, technique and requirements.....................................................................29 8.1. Definition of forest fuel .................................................................................................29 8.2. Forest fuel production technique ...................................................................................29 8.2.1. Forest fuel from pre-commercial thinning ..................................................................30 8.2.2. Forest fuel from commercial thinning.........................................................................30 8.2.3. Tree section .................................................................................................................30 8.2.4. Forest fuel from clear cutting ......................................................................................30 8.2.5. Chipping in forest, terminal or roadside landing ........................................................30 8.3. Difference between disc-and drum chippers ..................................................................30 8.4. Transportation ...............................................................................................................30 8.5. Storage ...........................................................................................................................31 8.6. Measurement and price of forest fuel.............................................................................31 8.7. Energy content in forest fuel chips.................................................................................32 8.8. Forest fuel chip quality...................................................................................................32 9. Wood Chipping Aspects in Lithuania ..........................................................................................33 9.1. Historical review of wood chipping development in Lithuania......................................33 9.2. Wood chipping machine: demand and implementation................................................36 5 10. Studies on forestry, technology and economy of forest fuel production in Rokiškis forest enterprise............................................................................................37 10.1. Objectives and tasks.....................................................................................................37 10.2. Methodology ...............................................................................................................37 10.2.1. Methods for estimation of wood fuel resources .................................37 10.2.2. Methods of economical investigation........................................................................38 10.2.3. Methods of ash utilisation..................................................................39 10.3. Results .........................................................................................................................40 10.3.1. Theoretical studies on forest fuel resources assessment .......................40 10.3.2. Forest fuel production influence on pre-commercial thinnings costs................................................................................................42 10.3.2.1. Evaluation of work time expenditure using manual tools and brush cutter ................................................................................................43 10.3.2.2. Evaluation of work time expenditures in pre-commercial thinnings and forest fuel production using manual tools and machinery...................44 10.3.2.3. The cost evaluation of the forest fuel produced in the pre-commercial thinnings ...............................................................................45 10.3.2.4. The influence of forest fuel production on the cost of pre-commercial thinnings ......................................................................................46 10.3.3. Forest fuel logging labour time input .................................................46 10.3.4. The influence of factors on the input of forest fuel logging................49 10.3.5. Studies on ash utilisation....................................................................53 10.4. Possible changes in silvicultural systems with the purpose to use wood as a fuel for heating plants.....................................................................................55 11. Changes in Silviculture (Pre-commercial thinning)
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