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Volume 131, Number 44 tech.mit.edu Friday, October 14, 2011 Not so fast, neutrinos MIT physics professors examine the subatomic speed limit controversy

By Stephanie Holden

On Sept. 23, European scientists announced that they had observed neutrinos, a class of sub- atomic particles, traveling faster than the speed of light — the universe’s fundamental “speed limit.” The experiment, OPERA (Oscillation Project with Emulsion-tRacking Apparatus), was a collabora- tion between the Italian Gran Sasso National Lab- oratory (LNGS) and Europe’s high-energy physics laboratory CERN. Since the announcement of this anomaly, the scientific community has been hotly debating its validity, as well as the possibilities that could arise from such results. MIT Physics Professor Scott A. Hughes said, “Carl Sagan had this saying, that extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. This is not Christopher A. Maynor—The Tech extraordinary evidence.” Members of LBGT@MIT hosted a colorful closet in Lobby 10 on Wednesday, a day after National Coming Out Day. Mem- Hughes pointed out that the OPERA experi- bers of the MIT community were welcome to “come out” of the closet throughout the day. ment was not originally designed for measur- ing the speed of neutrinos. The main goal was to transmute — or convert — one type of neutrino, called a muon neutrino, into a tau neutrino, a heavier type of particle. Former MIT police officer D’Amelio sentenced to 2.5 years in jail Hughes conceded that the researchers “have done as good a job as they can, but this is ex- Former MIT police officer trafficking more than 100 selves (as had been previ- District Attorney Press Sec- tremely hard to measure … there’s this table of Joseph D’Amelio, charged in grams of oxycodone — an ously reported). retary Jake Wark said that systematic errors in their measurements, and one 2009 for trafficking prescrip- offense which carries a sen- D’Amelio was sentenced D’Amelio’s chance of serving error tends to dominate. If they combined their tion drugs, was sentenced to tence of between 10 and 20 to serve in Boston’s Suffolk there was “slim.” errors in a different way, their results could have two-and-a-half years in jail at years in state prison. County House of Correc- As of Thursday evening, it been within the error bars.” his trial Tuesday. D’Amelio pleaded guilty tion, but his defense counsel was unclear where D’Amelio “I don’t think the paper is outlandish,” added D’Amelio was arrested in to — and was sentenced requested that he serve his will serve his sentence. Physics Professor Janet Conrad. uniform in March 2009 when for — the lesser charge of time in the Dukes County Speaking on behalf of However, she and Physics Professor Frank Boston Police caught him possession with intent to Jail in Martha’s Vineyard — a the prosecution, Wark said, Wilczek — a Nobel laureate — both said that the buying OxyContin and Roxi- distribute. However, court significantly more pleasant “We’ve obtained an out- main evidence that contradicts OPERA’s result is codone pills — both of which documents explicitly state facility — instead. The court standing result for a defen- the data set from Supernova 1987A, when neu- contain oxycodone — in East that he left the site of the subsequently recommended dant who never had physical trinos produced from the star explosion arrived Boston. At his arraignment, oxycodone deal with “a list that D’Amelio go to Dukes possession of the drugs.” D’Amelio was charged with of prices,” not the pills them- County, but Suffolk County —Adisa Kruayatidee Neutrinos, Page 15 House dining popular with 15’s MIT tackles hunger 1,888 students enrolled in dining plan, 45% are freshmen MFWH organizes 12 hr. hunger strike By Ethan A. Solomon Editor in Chief Who has a dining plan? By Adisa Kruayatidee were to kickoff the club’s year- 1888 students (45%) are on an MIT dining plan Staff Reporter round commitment to raising hun- The new House Dining program is ger awareness. Around campus, the popular among freshmen, but less so What’s for lunch? Next Friday, club’s black-and-red posters read, 36% dining-dorm freshmen 9% 51% dining-dorm upperclassmen 4% among upperclassmen, according to participants in Hunger Strike will “Are you hungry? One in seven in enrollment statistics released to The opt-in freshmen opt-in upperclassmen be tackling significantly larger-scale the world are.” Tech by the Division of Student Life. hunger issues. The planned 12-hour Hunger Week will feature a The mandatory meal plan for resi- Only fast marks the conclusion of Hunger canned food drive as well as T- dents of Maseeh, Baker, Next, Sim- 38% of freshmen who 4% Week, a series of events and fund- shirt and challah fundraiser sales. mons, and McCormick amassed a weren’t required to buy a dining of upper- raisers sponsored by MIT Fighting MFWH’s operating base will be the total enrollment of 1,888 students, 45 classmen World Hunger (MFWH). Commu- Hunger Week booth in Lobby 10, plan bought one anyway percent of which are freshmen. did this nity members are welcome to com- running from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Mon- Fourteen percent of all dining mit to the Strike by paying $5 for an day through Friday, where students plan participants do not live in a din- event T-shirt. can learn more about world hunger ing dorm and voluntarily opted in, Who is on the full 19 plan? Ting Mao ’14, founder of MFWH, and 14 percent of all students in non- Students on this plan have all meals provided by MIT– breakfast, lunch, and dinner on weekdays, and said Hunger Week’s main goals Hunger Week, Page 8 dining dorms joined the program. brunch and dinner on weekends. For freshman in Maseeh, this plan is mandatory. In addition, 719 students chose to % are freshmen in Maseeh, who % are freshmen not living in “opt-up” from a required meal plan 45 43 12% are required to have this plan Maseeh, for which this plan is not upper- to a more expensive one. The cheap- required. classmen In Short est plan — “Any 7,” available only to Nominate a member of the Class of 2010, ’11, or ’12 for a spot on juniors and seniors — is $2,500/year the MIT Corporation! Nominations are open until Oct. 30. Visit for 210 meals, and the most expen- http://bit.ly/MITCorpNomination for more information. sive — required for all Maseeh fresh- Upperclassmen stick with Any-7 men — is $4,500/year for 570 meals. Juniors and Seniors in dining dorms were given the option of a less substantial plan in which they are DAPER is offering three new PE classes this quarter: broomball, rifle, and Out of the 446 juniors and seniors allowed 7 meals per week. This plan will no longer be offered after the 2012-2013 academic year boot camp for athletes. Visit http://mitpe.com/ to learn more. who were eligible for Any 7, 110 of % opted-in to a % of students who were offered this plan chose it 25 Send news information and tips to [email protected]. 75 more substantial plan Dining, Page 7

How does The Legalize it! Sit down with Tea too hot SECTIONS World & Nation �����2 Most of you agree, we should legalize Tech work? Andy McKee for you? Opinion �����������������4 pot. OPINION, p. 5 Learn more about what Fingerstyle guitarist chats Hal Anil examines the Arts �����������������������9 we do and why we do Get lost in time with The Tech ’s Jeff Chen. Tea Party movement, Fun Pages ����������� 11 it. EDITORIAL, p. 4 ARTS, p. 9 and what MIT thinks of Sports �����������������20 A history of cinema in clocks, watches, it. OPINION, p. 6 and timepieces. ARTS, p. 10 2 The Tech Friday, October 14, 2011 New leader named for bankrupt D solar company Solyndra Wall Street protesters clean A bankruptcy court on Thursday approved the hiring of a chief restructuring officer at the California energy company Solyndra. R. Todd Neilson, who served as the bankruptcy trustee for the up, hope to avoid eviction boxer Mike Tyson and the rap impresario Suge Knight, will now lead Solyndra as it struggles to emerge from bankruptcy. By Anemona Hartocollis tice, and they vowed to stand their “lewdness, groping, drinking and

worl The company president, Brian Harrison, who appeared The New York Times ground, even if it meant being ar- drug use” and that the company had before a House subcommittee Sept. 23 but invoked the Fifth rested. “This is a public park private- not been able to perform its daily

n Amendment, resigned on Oct. 7, the company said in a court fil- NEW YORK — Young people in ly held — I don’t even understand maintenance. ing. It said Harrison’s position was to be superseded by Neilson, knit hats and jeans scurried around what that means,” Travis Nogle, a “We fully support the rights a director of Berkeley Research Group, based in Los Angeles. Thursday wielding brooms and trash 32-year-old protester and “earthship of free speech and assembly,” he The House Committee on Energy and Commerce plans a bags, moving mountains of sleeping builder” from San Francisco said wrote, “but the matter in which the hearing on Friday to examine whether the Energy Department bags, backpacks and jackets out of as he changed his shoes and pre- protesters are occupying the park acted properly earlier this year when it allowed Solyndra, which the way. pared to pitch in with the cleanup. violates the law, violates the rules took $528 million in government loans before declaring bank- By cleaning up Zuccotti Park on “We have a constitutional right to of the park, deprives the commu- atio ruptcy, to restructure the loans and accept money from an ad- their own, they were trying to per- protest.” nity of its rights of quiet enjoyment ditional lender. The new lender would have precedence over the suade the park’s owner, Brookfield Zuccotti Park, a plaza that takes to the park, and creates health and government in a liquidation. Properties, to back down from its up an entire downtown block, is public safety issues that need to be —Matthew L. Wald, The New York Times plan to send in cleanup crews Fri- owned and maintained by Brook- addressed immediately.” day morning and begin to enforce field but open to the public. While The company circulated a notice Obama says facts support new rules on the use of the park that the police have confronted and ar- in the park Thursday explaining its would end the Occupy Wall Street rested demonstrators during march- plan: It would clean a third of the accusation of Iranian plot protest, at least in its current form. es in the streets and on the Brooklyn park at a time, allowing protesters to

& N But as the day wore on, it seemed Bridge, they have largely left the return to each section once the job WASHINGTON — President Barack Obama on Thursday that the protesters’ efforts to placate Zuccotti Park protests untouched, was done. More important, how- vowed to push for what he called the “toughest sanctions” to Brookfield might, in the end, not allowing the people there to camp ever, was the company’s vow to en- punish Iranian officials whom he accused of complicity in a matter, and all sides were girding for out around the clock while ringing force new rules that it imposed after suspected plot to kill the Saudi ambassador to the U.S. a Friday showdown. The police said the park with barricades and dozens the protest began about a month At the same time, State Department officials said U.S. -of they were ready to step in if the com- of officers. ago, which seem aimed at the very ficials had been in direct contact with the government of Iran pany asked for help in removing pro- But in a letter to the police com- essence of the occupation: no camp- over the accusations. testers or enforcing the new rules, missioner, Raymond W. Kelly, this ing, no tents, no tarps, no sleeping orld In his first public remarks on the issue since it was revealed while protesters planned to form a week, the company’s chief execu- bags, no lying on the ground or on Tuesday, Obama sought to counter skepticism about whether human chain around the park and, tive, Richard B. Clark, said that benches, and no storage of personal Iran’s Islamic government directed an Iranian-American car using Facebook and Twitter, called sleeping protesters were blocking property on the ground or walkways salesman to engage with a Mexican drug cartel to assassinate on sympathizers to join them. W walkways “at all hours of the day “which unreasonably interferes Saudi Arabia’s ambassador to the U.S. and carry out other at- Some protesters saw the cleanup and night.” The letter said there had with the use of such areas by others,” tacks. Obama insisted that U.S. officials “know that he had di- as tantamount to an eviction no- been neighborhood complaints of the company said in its notice. rect links, was paid by, and directed by individuals in the Ira- nian government.” The president said the administration had reached out to its allies and the international community to make its case. “We’ve laid the facts before them,” Obama said at a news con- Drone strike in Pakistan kills ference conducted with the visiting South Korean president, Lee Myung-bak. “And we believe that after people have ana- lyzed them, there will not be a dispute that this is in fact what Haqqani commander happened.” —Helene Cooper, The New York Times By Scott Shane officials and local news reports. A target for the agency’s campaign As China’s economy cools, The New York Times second drone strike in South Wa- of strikes using missiles fired from ziristan killed three people, the of- drones. loan sharks come knocking WASHINGTON — A CIA drone ficials said. A study last year by the New strike Thursday killed a high-level Zadran, also known as Jamil, was America Foundation, a Washington WENZHOU, China — As China’s economy has begun to commander in the Haqqani net- an important link between Haqqani research group, said Zadran was in slow slightly, more entrepreneurs are finding themselves un- work, the militant group that has fighters in Afghanistan, who are al- charge of Haqqani network financ- able to meet debt payments to loan sharks on which interest been the largest killer of U.S. troops lied with the Taliban, and the net- es as well as weapons acquisition. rates often run as high as 70 percent in this nation’s thriving in Afghanistan, U.S. officials said. work’s hub in Miram Shah, where While not an experienced military unregulated, underground loan system. Many private busi- The officials said they had con- it has established a sort of ministate leader, he came from the Haqqa- nesses in China routinely use lenders of this sort because the firmed the death of Janbaz Zadran, that includes tax collectors, courts nis’ home village of Srani in Paktia government-run banks typically lend only to big state-run who has often been described as the and schools to train Islamic fighters. province in Afghanistan and was corporations. third-ranking leader of the Haqqani He was the chief organizer of the among their most trusted deputies, Such illegal lending amounts to about $630 billion a year, network, near Miram Shah in North supply chain across the border for the study said. or the equivalent of about 10 percent of China’s gross domestic Waziristan, part of Pakistan’s tribal weapons and other goods, accord- Brian Fishman, a counterter- product, according to estimates by the investment bank UBS. area. ing to experts on the network. rorism expert and one of the au- In recent months, at least 90 business executives from Wen- “His death in Miram Shah makes Zadran served as a top aide to thors of the New America paper, zhou, a one-hour flight south of Shanghai, have disappeared him the most senior Haqqani lead- Sirajuddin Haqqani, the network’s said that while the drone strikes in because of mounting debts and impending bankruptcies, ac- er in Pakistan to be taken off the operational commander and the Pakistan had been quite effective cording to a local government report. battlefield,” said a U.S. official, who son of the group’s patriarch, Jalalu- against al-Qaida, whose leaders are This has raised concerns that private business may be losing spoke on the condition of anonym- ddin Haqqani. In the 1980s, the el- mainly non-Pakistanis, they may be steam — while exposing the high-risk, unregulated financial ity about the nominally secret drone der Haqqani was part of a coalition less devastating for a group like the system on which so many of the nation’s small and medium- program. of Islamist militias, backed by the Haqqani network. size businesses have come to depend. Two missiles hit a house and a CIA, that fought the Soviet army in “The Haqqanis have deep lo- —David Barboza, The New York Times vehicle, killing Zadran and three Afghanistan; in recent years, how- cal roots, so they just have a deeper other people, according to Pakistani ever, his group has become a major bench,” Fishman said.

Weather

130°W 125°W 120°W 115°W 110°W 105°W 100°W 95°W 90°W 85°W 80°W 75°W 70°W 65°W 60°W Seasonable weekend to 40°N follow soggy Friday 1019 985 By Austin DiOrio filter into Cambridge. Con- STAFF METEorologist trary to the summerlike con- 35°N ditions last weekend, temper- Today looks to be a wet atures will be very seasonable and gloomy Friday. A large this time around with highs low pressure system centered in the mid 60s. Although the over Michigan will pull warm, temperatures will be comfort- 30°N moist air from the Atlantic able, it will be quite breezy Ocean into the New England due to the proximity of the region. Significant rainfall is strong low pressure system. 1018 possible as thunderstorms Still, this weekend looks to be will be embedded within the a winner. Enjoy this weather rain bands. while you can. We all know 25°N After the storm departs what winter in Cambridge can 1012 into Canada, clear skies will bring.

Extended Forecast Today: Rain with thunderstorms possible. High 70°F. Up- wards of 1 inch of rain possible. Winds SE at 5–10 mph. Situation for noon Eastern time, Friday, Oct. 14, 2011 Tonight: Showers coming to an end around midnight. Low 54°F. Weather Systems Weather Fronts Precipitation Symbols Other Symbols Snow Rain Tomorrow: Mostly sunny and windy. High 67°F. Winds SW Fog High Pressure Trough Showers at 15-20 mph. Low 48°F. Thunderstorm Warm Front Sunday: Mostly sunny. High 63°F. Low 50°F. Light Low Pressure Haze Monday: Sun and clouds. Highs in the mid 60s. Lows in the Cold Front Moderate Compiled by MIT Hurricane Meteorology Staff mid 40s. Stationary Front Heavy and The Tech nation world & nation world & nation world & nation & nation world & nation world & nation world nation Friday, October 14, 2011 The Tech 3 Fund chief Rajaratnam sentenced WORLD & Nati Dennis Ritchie, programming to 11 years for insider trading trailblazer, dies at 70 NEW YORK — The fallen hedge fund billionaire Raj Rajaratnam received the longest prison sentence ever for insider trading on Thursday, capping an aggressive government campaign that has By Steve Lohr with Ken Thompson, his longtime worked with Ritchie at Bell Labs. ensnared dozens and may help deter the illegal use of confidential The New York Times Bell Labs collaborator. The C pro- Those tools were more than in- information on Wall Street. gramming language, a shorthand of ventive bundles of computer code. Judge Richard J. Holwell of Federal District Court in Manhattan Dennis M. Ritchie, who helped words, numbers and punctuation, is The C language and Unix reflected a sentenced Rajaratnam, 54, the former head of the Galleon Group shape the modern digital era by still widely used today, and succes- point of view, a different philosophy hedge fund, to 11 years in prison. A jury convicted Rajaratnam of creating software tools that power sors like C++ and Java build on the of computing than what had come securities fraud and conspiracy in May. everything from search engines like ideas, rules and grammar that Ritchie before. In the late ’60s and early “Insider trading is an assault on the free markets,” said Holwell, Google to smartphones, was found designed. The Unix operating system ’70s, minicomputers were moving who also imposed a $10 million fine and ordered Rajaratnam to dead Wednesday at his home in has similarly had a rich and enduring into companies and universities — forfeit $53.8 million in ill-gotten profits. “His crimes reflect a virus on Berkeley Heights, N.J. He was 70. impact. Its free, open-source variant smaller and at a fraction of the price in our business culture that needs to be eradicated.” Ritchie, who lived alone, had Linux powers many of the world’s of hulking mainframes. The sentence was a watershed moment in a two-year push by been in frail health in recent years af- data centers, like those at Google and Minicomputers represented federal prosecutors. Over that period, Preet S. Bharara, the Unit- ter treatment for prostate cancer and Amazon, and its technology serves as a step in the democratization of ed States attorney in Manhattan, has brought charges against 54 WORLD & Nati heart disease, said his brother Bill. the foundation of operating systems, computing, and Unix and C were people with insider trading crimes. Of those, 50 have been either In the late 1960s and early ’70s, like Apple’s iOS, in consumer com- designed to open up computing pleaded guilty or have been convicted at trial. Three others’ situa- working at Bell Labs, Ritchie made a puting devices. to more people and collaborative tions are pending, and the fourth is a fugitive. pair of lasting contributions to com- “The tools that Dennis built — working styles. Ritchie, Thompson, —Peter Lattman, The New York Times puter science. He was the principal and their direct descendants — run and their Bell Labs colleagues were designer of the C programming lan- pretty much everything today,” said making not merely software but, as French criminal charges guage and co-developer of the Unix Brian Kernighan, a computer sci- Ritchie once put it, “a system around operating system, working closely entist at Princeton University who which fellowship can form.” against Strauss-Kahn dropped

PARIS — For the second time this year, Dominique Strauss- Kahn escaped criminal charges of attempted rape, despite what prosecutors here said was evidence of sexual assault, ending months of scandal that have tarnished a political career that once Massachusetts clears big hurdle seemed destined to lead to the French presidency. There was evidence from Strauss-Kahn’s own testimony of sexual assault in a 2003 encounter with a French writer and novel- in approval of casinos ist, Tristane Banon, the prosecutor said in a statement, but given a on three-year statute of limitations on that charge, no case would be By Jess Bidgood the same number of gambling estab- attorney general who is now presi- brought. The New York Times lishments. Some differences remain, dent of the anti-casino group Citi- “Facts that could be qualified as sexual assault have been ac- but they are expected to be resolved zens for a Stronger Massachusetts, knowledged,” the statement said. WORLD & Nati BOSTON — The Massachusetts in a conference committee of the criticized what he said was too much The decision of the prosecutor was no surprise, given the age Senate passed a bill Thursday that Democratic-controlled Legislature, secrecy. of the case and the difficulty of finding physical evidence so long would legalize casino gambling, and Gov. Deval Patrick has indicated “This was just a classic, Mas- after the event. paving the way for three resort-style he will sign the final legislation. sachusetts, behind-closed-doors But once more, as in this summer’s case in New York involv- casinos and one slots parlor in the Last year, a gambling measure power play by the special interests ing a hotel housekeeper, Strauss-Kahn has escaped a criminal trial state. failed when Patrick and the House and lobbyists and casino owners,” on sexual charges. In the New York case, criminal charges of at- Past attempts to legalize casino speaker, Robert A. DeLeo, disagreed Harshbarger said. “Only the public tempted rape were dropped in August because of doubts about the gambling failed, but the idea gained on the number of slots parlors. interest lost.” credibility of his accuser, Nafissatou Diallo, who had lied in other popularity recently as the reces- The new legislation emerged after Supporters promote casino instances of sworn testimony. sion tempered the state’s economic months of closed-door negotiations gambling as a major job creator, In some sense, Strauss-Kahn, 62, appears to be lucky. But he has growth. The Senate bill passed 24-14 involving Patrick, DeLeo, and Senate saying it will drive industry growth been personally chastened and humiliated in a very public fash- after days of debate. Last month, the President Therese Murray. in construction, service and ion, and his political career has been derailed by the charges. state’s House passed a bill allowing Scott Harshbarger, a former state tourism. —Steven Erlanger and Maia De La Baume, The New York Times on WORLD & Nati on WORLD & Nati on W o R l D 4

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facts defeats argument defeats facts Mischaracterizing L very basis ofyour opinion. very such ashis, where disregarding factisthe honest. It isalmost painful to read articles courage Normandin to remain intellectually saturatedarticle untruths. with the many misrepresentations inanopinion should leftto die.” be are These of justtwo the response “[cheering] that theuninsured again ashotat took theaudience by calling choice inmedical practice, Normandin once point onprotecting individualfreedom of audience inbooing.” excitedly part took tified Normandin’s characterization of“the debate.somehow individuals two These jus soldier’s question at thethird Republican of over spectators, 5,500 at agay booed facts. Two individuals, misled out ofagroup was insulting. wrong,” was asintellectually dishonest asit “Whylast week, moving right isso farther Why (andWhy how) weekly? print we do twice apaper T etters OPINION POLICY OPINION will not be accepted. The accepted. notbe will the right or to edit reserves Tech signatures, addresses, andphonenumbers. Unsigned letters are due by 4:30p.m. days two before thedate ofpublication. interdepartmental mail to Room W20-483. Allsubmissions P.O. Box 397029, Cambridge, Mass. 02139-7029, or sent by Hard copy submissions should addressedbe to The Tech, are encouraged and should sent be to [email protected]. thatnot necessarily ofthenewspaper. Electronic submissions bywritten individualsandrepresent theopinionofauthor, editorial. members choosing to publish theirdisagreement the with and OpinionEditors Nina Sinatra andRyan Normandin. Editor Connor Kirschbaum, EditorSchalck, Aislyn Executive Joseph Maurer, Managing Solomon, Editor inChief Ethan A. bywritten Board, theEditorial which consists ofChairman When trying to make apoint, trying When Iwoulden- theaudienceWhen cheered atalking Normandin routinely misrepresented Ryan Normandin’s opinionarticle at least two sides; we seek to talkto as seek we at sides; least two and ask questions. Most have stories by reader feedback),reporters out go (a thatdecision is often influenced about writing cide somethingisworth de- we When tors put astory? together also happenalso busy to be students. MIT organization, andallofour volunteers top ofthat,On our paper isavolunteer make will thecut. story time, notevery nite amount ofreporters, editors, and important enough to cover. Given afi- —butmustboth we judge also what is on acampus where there isplenty of must community. Simply theMIT put,to inform seek we on. whereport, andso to spendmoney, — whoto vote for, to sup what- policy papers to helpthemmake decisions really matter. Readers to look news rumor, andto doitforthethings that right fromto sort wrong andfactfrom evant truth. Theideajournalism of is the interesting, important, and rel- theirreadershipaspire with to serve publications to The New Y it. to explain what doandwhy we do we about MIT, itisour feel obligation we on ourdepends world) work to learn per, andbecause thecommunity (and Tech issues just by reading them. Since The real of the process sense thosebehind course, but rarely our readers will a get ily andfreely available oncampus, of isread aweek publishpaper we twice - might somethingofanenigma. be The Letters, columns, must andcartoons the authors’ bear , editor Letters to the are board thesignedopinionsofeditorial Dissents areEditorials theofficialThe opinionof are. They Tech So howSo doTech But ischallenging. to doso Not only The ’sTech role at isjust MIT that. All newspapers — from college For many ofour readers, The Tech isMIT’s only remaining newspa- The factfrom sort Tech fiction — o TH How How A reporters- andedi dam E e Ed are are cartoons , and editorial columns delman ’14 ork Times — itor - -

The The Tech works legal system legal the for cheers Three state-sponsored killing ofthat Do person. through dueprocess, the thenIendorse andsentenced to death,by ajury all derers andrapists. isconvicted Ifaperson includefrom people mur These society. who actinways that require theirremoval lieve there are inthisworld people certain which thedeath penalty isenacted.- Ibe theindividuals uponthe word to describe ofrepublicancheers voters, Iwoulduse ing theword “disgusting” the to describe human being.” no excuse forcelebrating thedeath ofa your stance onthedeath penalty, there is penalty. Normandin said, “Regardless of were speaking about ofthedeath theuse Williamswhen Brian andRick Perry fromcheers theaudience that occurred debates.of theGOP He was referring to “disgusting” responses from theaudience voice my opinion.Normandin wrote about into to andIfeltcompelled write wrong” column “Why moving right isso farther rarely linear. view. The road from is idea to article orthird backgo forasecond inter we’d originally thought, may andwe turn out more to be important than irrelevantbe Otherthings to astory. turns outin the tocourse of interviews ofwhatcoherent Some learn we story. synthesize into collect thefactsthey a ments to operate. frommoney or student MIT govern- dent organization. We donotaccept newspaper is a financially-indepen- objectivity. several measures inplace to maximize sources ofbias. However, The has Tech without-a-doubt divest ourselves of itself? story nothing the content to do with of the ers because ofmotivators that have to cover andignore stories some oth- Worse, what ifThe pressure feels Tech animportant perspective?missed that a reporter has not inadvertently tricky things. How can ensure we us beyond thecampusus beyond borders. but occasionally our reporting takes students,often MIT faculty,andstaff, perspectives. arepeople Those most present our readers allrelevant with to inordermany need aswe people to It ishere that Idisagree. Instead ofus I just finished reading last Friday’s relevant truth. interestingthe and readership with their aspire to serve All newspapers First, and most importantly, our It isimpossible to completely, fully, “Balance” or“bias” are always Alongside editors, Tech itorial Ed The ’sTech revenues TO REACH US REACH TO of the MIT orlocal community.of theMIT all theletters received. known.The becomes makesTech nocommitment to publish in any other format now ormedium knownorlater that onThe posted be ’sTech Web siteorpublished and/orprinted returned. notbe will Letters, columns, may andcartoons also submitted, allletterspropertyOnce become ofThe , andTech given be higher letters priority. will shorter letters; condense be foundbe ontheWorld Wide Web at http://tech.mit.edu. shouldthe editor sent be to [email protected] . The Tech can errors that call forcorrection to [email protected] to. 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The to takeTech astand onissues oflo- by Board. theEditorial allow Editorials ion ofthenewspaper andare written as such —represent theofficial opin- commentary. you are reading someone’s personal are notreading reporting, objective the word “opinion” along theside, you cause ….” Ifthepage ismarked with should …”be- is bad policy or“This youwill find statements like“MIT on page (starting 4)opinion section columns, orviceversa. inthe Only opinionreporters write donotalso of ourion sections newspaper. News ration thenewsandopin- between going to print. several rounds of editing before finally see ests. will article In addition,every a reporter’s personal feelings orinter even inadvertently, influenced, be by to usthatportant our reporting not havethey nopersonal stake. It isim- assign reporters inwhich to stories retribution. community fear offinancial without tions. We are free to cover issues inthe come from advertising anddona- argues abelievable point. not agree it, with but and itwaswritten well leavepeople usnochoice. someone’s lifeaspunishment. But some that there to consider wastaking noneed did,andIwish they committed thecrimes that put to people death inTexas had never the offenders are rightfullywish I punished. penalty cases. However, Iamhappy that death ofthese some cious behind stories do. whenIhear saddened atro Iamdeeply - thatindividuals committhecrimes they Iamnothappy that same. clear; mebe Let in Texas, isthe but Ibelievetheprinciple than inscope most executed and wider Granted, are hiscrimes more known well bin Laden,Icelebrated enthusiastically. to kill convicts sentenced to death? Yes. ofthedeathand hisuse penalty inorder from Yes. society? Would forPerry Icheer safe by removing disgusting individuals system working properly andkeeping me Absolutely. Would forthelegal Icheer I happy that amurderer isnolonger alive? I celebrate it?That mightbe a stretch. Am In addition to serving the commu- In addition to serving “Editorials” — which are labelled Third,we sepa - maintaineditorial to effort make we every Second, will reachwill our executive board) or The upholds a missionalso Tech Keep work guys. upthegood Overall, Imight was good. thearticle theUnitedWhen States Osama killed Friday, October 14,Friday, October 2011 O wen R wen - - - ees ’14ees 5 OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINIOn OPinion opinion OPINIOn OpiNION - - - - The Tech —Keith Yost —Keith The second is when society - ap circumstance Neither the principal and in practice, In : Legalize marijuana Action tion movement short shrift. It goes short shrift. It tion movement to the American character against the to his right man a fellow deny When we do of happiness. pursuit do so we typically laws, such make under one of two circumstances. pur man’s is when one The first conflicts with of happiness suit liberty, or life, to right another’s how matter No pursuit. same that obtain might you happiness much accom- cannot the law it, from of stabbing hobby your modate down others’ people or burning the houses without trampling of others. rights does the not believe a person has necessary make to faculties mental for choice informed,an rational we deny example, For themselves. minors, to of rights a multitude minors that on the grounds many - of ma the level not reached have turitynecessary owntheir in act to the addictive to Due self-interest. as well as the of cocaine, nature it risk of harm that considerable it would be con- fair to creates, which at is no age there that clude use to matured has being a human self-interest, the drug with rational exists for and hence a justification prohibition. its continuing Marijuana marijuana. plies to does not interfere consumption nor is with of others, the rights druga soit addictive or harmful rule individu- one could out that of enlightened it out als using hot dog Like eating self-interest. marijuana rafting, water or white be counted should consumption thoseamong activities in which society trusts the individual to between the a trade-off make of the activity and its physical joys risks. is self- of marijuana prohibition countryThis bewould destructive. marijuanauniformly off if better and taxed. legalized was of rate an exclusive and tax it at savings : $500 10-year percent. 150 billion. I was not alone in my assessment — it’s — it’s assessment in my not alone I was into step could the government That he media the rounds, makes As Obama Solyndra came after the Spanish decision decision the Spanish after came Solyndra — and well after their subsidies slash to And the glut hit. had recession the global with anyone to obvious was in polysilicon industry. in the In interest a passing even incumbent four just that 2009, I estimated firmsplants firmscapitalized — whose $20-30 at polysilicon manufacture could entire the world’s supply per — could kg the price for Today, demand. foreseeable $44/kg roughly — as old is at polysilicon that re-negotiated, and are expire contracts price further. even plummet should 2008 from analysts market find any to hard say to upbeat anything who had onwards the mar fact, In prices. polysilicon about solar manufac on the entire outlook ket’s of solar value — the dismal was turing chain determined wholly almost was companies - cap Their on hand. of cash their amount by their technologyital, their inventory, and expertise all worthless; were not? and why too, the crash worthlessThey before were willing more were governments that just it’s monies on worth- taxpayer away throw to hit. the recession before products less this grim scene misread and so confidently Obama President so going have far as to it, for loan child the poster Solyndra make truly ter how demonstrates guarantees, winners. picking is at rible the government or corruption cronyism any absent Even surface yet in the Solyn still - may (which bad is simply the government case), dra money in business taxpayer investing at ventures. his about no regrets he has that is claiming failing a million into $535 decision dump to — both the loan he should But enterprise. as well the specific as program, guarantee are decision money loan to Solyndra, to mistakes. - - 7 Unsure/ No response 20 And yet, to not bring to up theAnd yet, ity altogether. After all, the above all, the above After ity altogether. totalscenario does not increase from of marijuana consumption extracts it merely state, its present in the those involved from rents the them to and returns market it is a sense, In large. at taxpayer - pub moot if one sees a legitimate marijuana in reducing lic interest use achievable — with but high could the government tax rates, samethe to marijuana discourage does and prohibition that extent a trillion itself to dollars half save boot. principles behind legalization - the anti-prohibi would be give to MIT overall Pew Research Pew - - 52 Solyndra’s business management was was management business Solyndra’s House as the White not, These are Therefore, as pessimistic as I am about about as I am as pessimistic Therefore, the storyAnd still, confirms of Solyndra While Solyndra might might While Solyndra been thehave best technology bet in the solar industry, it onewas of the worst business bets be to had. No abysmal — at every level of the company, every at — of the company, level abysmal huge about complaining were workers of the com- And the timing money wasting. - pro A glut of polysilicon terrible. was pany and the end recession, duction, the global in Spain solar subsidies generous of hugely doomed was venture Solyndra’s that meant off. paid gambles if the technological even These were downsides. unknowable claims, had government the federal that factors its loan as it made consider time to ample to the loan make decision. The decisionto wind shear on the solar collectors and thus wind solar on the shear collectors and thus needs- bal and lower mounting reduced costs. ance of system I don’t see of photovoltaics, the prospects as gov lesson be to gleaned here the main Yes, technology bad bets. making ernment the technology(Solyndra’s out didn’t pan their than $3 more solar about cells cost of tak the nature that’s but competition), risk;ing far as solar as technology gambles one the brightest probably was Solyndra go, made. have could the government is a “gov the view of Larry that Summers, to hairs be splitting might It VC.” crappy Solyndra while but distinction, this make been the best technology bet in have might the solar industry, one of the worst it was bets be to had. business - - - 26 Assuming a further three per a further three Assuming It is tempting to ignore the ignore to tempting is It juana prohibition and estimated and estimated prohibition juana from savings and state the federal to of marijuana the legalization This is billion annually. be $13.7 ex with California’s consistent perience with decriminalization its reduced has which — a reform costs enforcement law marijuana percent. 75 by cent annual growth rate in tax rate growth annual cent cost- and enforcement revenues over savings the total avoidance, legalizing window from a 10-year $500 an even come to marijuana billion. - legal principle of marijuana - 41 Ye s 54 And so, even if there were magical leaps leaps magical were if there even And so, In a paradoxical way, these reasons for for these reasons way, a paradoxical In the use- of sili avoided Solyndra Firstly, Secondly, ef aimed for high Solyndra - manu hopedto Solyndra And finally, 0 10 20 40 60 50 30 and bounds in the technologyand bounds of solar- pan of some components cost el manufacturers, likely and remain to going solar are power par hopeful notions of cost ruin whatever ity that the industry entertain. ity that might also are solar is a pipe power dream why deserves Solyndra why reasons same the - evolu No gotten. it has than credit more solar past push to is going tionary process of grid so - paritymake — to the threshold long-shot we need work, power a crazy, lar sort that just was and Solyndra gamble, things the are Here moon shot. insane of got right:Solyndra uses production Polysilicon con in its cells. technologies energy-intensive mature, significant any make to unlikely are that half-century. the next over improvements cutting in wafer with gains sizable Even technology mean wafers (thinner silicon the per is like cell), polysilicon material less enough — a large panels mount to labor solar’s sink to cost enough and intractable thin-film using By long-term prospects. Solyndra silicon, than technologies rather cost dodged manageable one of the least in the PV industry.hurdles else panel All a equal, ficiencybeing cells. light of incident percent 24 captures which per install, to as much half cost to is going per 12 is only which as a panel watt-peak, in ways This is one of the few efficient. cent installation of dollar obstinate that which be reduced. can labor form-factor solar cells in a different facture pan- — a cylinder flat of the typical instead it strikesat least me as lunacy, This but els. - understood the signifi Solyndra indicates The - cylin PV. facing of the challenge cance theydrical design, hoped, less would mean % - - - New revenues are not the only are revenues New demand increase from decrimi - from increase demand rate, tax This is a high nalization. - a re invite not so as to but high activity market of black sumption surveyed over 2100 MIT undergraduate and graduate students about their students and graduate MIT undergraduate 2100 over surveyed The Tech Last October, a measure to legalize 19, Proposition supported California whether students asked We political views. A majority supported the measure, compared to only 41 — 54 percent — said they and regulate marijuana. did not support the measure, Americans said they while 52 percent of And Americans overall. percent of were unsure or of- respondents said they of MIT A fifth said the same. students only 26 percent of MIT no response. fered — in Europe, many countries tax countries many — in Europe, of rate exclusive an at cigarettes mar black little and 300percent, activity exists. ket - budgetary prohi effect ending of addition, legalization bition. In on outlays would end significant - and incarcera enforcement law PhD ’84, an Miron tion. Jeffrey - stud has Harvard, economistat ied the budgetarymarieffects of - - - t s columni Staff By Yost Keith

If these assumptions are cor are If these assumptions The second step is to estimate estimate The to is secondstep To determine how much ad- much determine how To For a moment, ignore the ignore a moment, For

by another 20 percent. another 20 by increase as if the price fallen had increase expect the quantity consumed to consumed expect the quantity mand-side perspective, one might one might perspective, mand-side legalization to occur. From a de- From occur. to legalization would be reduced by half were were half by would be reduced is indicative, prices for marijuana is indicative, the experience of the Netherlands experiencethe Netherlands the of attractive, increasing demand. If demand. increasing attractive, tion of the product would be more would be more tion of the product - consump of incarceration, threat and second, by removing the removing second,and by significantly, increasing supply; increasing significantly, first, production costs fall costs would production first, effects on supply and demand:effectssupply on were legalized, there would be two there legalized, were could expect that if marijuana if marijuana expectcould that tion. This is a little bit trickier. One bit trickier. tion. This is a little response to legalization and taxa- and legalization to response how this market would change in would change this market how transactions per year. transactions the area of roughly $40 billion in of roughly the area U.S. marijuana market put it in put market marijuana U.S. and supply-side analyses of the analyses and supply-side vary widely, both demand- but for marijuana is. These estimates These estimates is. for marijuana judge how large the U.S. market market the U.S. large how judge by legalization, the first step is to is step the first legalization, by ditional revenue would be created would be created revenue ditional and taxed? nances if the drug were legalized if the drug nances were net improvement of U.S. public fi- public of U.S. net improvement legal or illegal. What would be would the What or illegal. legal of principle, marijuana should be should marijuana of principle, question of whether, as a matter as a matter of whether, question of demand would be offset by theby beoffsetwould demand of consumer would rise, but any loss any but would rise, consumer billion, and the end price the to would apply taxes and collect and $30 taxes would apply ceive $20 billion, the government billion, the government $20 ceive - price and re the pre-legalization ers would sell the drug at half of would sell ers half drug the at - Suppli quo. the status to relative juana would remain unchanged would remain juana cent), then consumption of mari- then consumption cent), (an exclusive tax rate of 150 per of 150 tax rate (an exclusive 60 percent of the end retail value retail end the of 60percent excise tax on marijuana equal to excise tax on marijuana prohibition and then levied an prohibition rect, and the government ended and the government rect,

Legalize it To put that in perspective: the cheapest in perspective: cheapest the that put To getting out of the red - is usu of a system panel The cost solar Any discussion of the Obama admin- discussion of the Obama Any Solyndra deserves more credit than the the than deservesSolyndra credit more

costly than natural gas. natural than costly gether is often enough to make solar more solar more make to enough getheroften is - them to and wire the panels bor mount to - the la just for free, of a solar system nents - all of the compo away give if you even tally, collector come to $1.50-$2/Wp. In the final the final In collector $1.50-$2/Wp. come to cells themselves for a working photovoltaic photovoltaic cells themselves for a working lary costs, the price one pays on top of the of the on top lary price the one pays costs, to install the panels, and all the other ancil- the panels, install to with solar. Between the inverter, the labor the labor Between the inverter, with solar. duce the balance of system costs associated associated costs system of duce the balance - hope re to little this goal, they have reach next two decades. And should they even they even And should twonext decades. to reach $1/Wp for just their cells in the their cells in the for just $1/Wp reach to the U.S’s own First Solar), will be very own First lucky the U.S’s makers (which in my humble opinion, is is opinion, humble in my (which makers Wp. Even the best of the world’s solar panel solar panel the best of the world’s Even Wp. photovoltaics we have today cost $4–$6/ cost today we have photovoltaics ural gas or coal). gas ural analyses, almost cost competitive with competitive cost nat almost analyses, nuclear price tag which is, under some under some price is, which tag nuclear kilowatt-capacity nuclear plant (a plausible (a plausible plant nuclear kilowatt-capacity roughly cost competitive with competitive cost a $4000roughly per per day), a $1/Wp photovoltaic system is is system photovoltaic a $1/Wp per day), wattage (the sun does not shine 24 hours hours does not shine 24 (the sun wattage ference between peak wattage and average and average between peak wattage ference sating for a few factors, primarily the dif factors, for a few sating - compen After lighting). natural optimum watts being the output of the system under under of the system the output being watts ally quoted in dollars per watt-peak (peak (peak quoted perally in dollars watt-peak nil. cally as a source of grid power are virtually virtually grid of are power a source as cally pects economi- for solar competing power needs begin to with the obvious: the pros now-bankrupt solar cell manufacturer, solarnow-bankrupt cell manufacturer, than half a billion dollars to Solyndra, the the Solyndra, to a billion dollars half than istration’s ill-fated decision to loan more decision more loan to ill-fated istration’s media is giving it. But not much. But it. media is giving Solyndra deserves more credit than the media is giving it, but not muchmedia the deserves it, than not is giving but credit Solyndra more Government is a crappy venture capitalist venture a crappy is Government 2011 OctoberFriday, 14, 6

OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINIOn OPinion opinion OPINIOn OpiNION Tech The izing theCapitol. Indeed, Iagree major force that has polar begun said that theTea asa Party serves response from thestudents who question metaswiftforthright today?” politics US This very that the Tea Party’s having on was, “What do effect you think Process). Politicalduction to theAmerican cussion inhisclass, 17.20 (Intro- me out by moderating such a dis were. Happily, heagreed to help to hear what thestudents’ ideas Party Icould so have achance debate on the situation of the Tea it was possible to have asmall ment ofPolitical whether Science Carlos Diaz-Rosillo oftheDepart to find out,an effort I asked Prof. the feeling onMIT’s campus? In views. ahuge numberwith ofdiverse you’re intoselves themix, left outlets andtheTea Party them- cans. When you add major media Democratsbetween and Republi- largely thatseems opinionsvary uptheissue,bring however, it whomyou onwith Depending regularly. of position the party discussingpublished articles the my colleagues at TheT our publication, asanumber of days. This isevident especially in nowa politics topic inAmerican - Join Illustrators atIllustrators Tech!The Join beatCan you drawing? this Diaz-Rosillo’s first question gotThis me thinking: what’s The Tea hot isa very Party How hot cup is the of tea? Tea thoughts at MIT Party By Haldun Anil By Staff columni Staff E-mail [email protected] s This isMassachusetts t have have ech - - - This led to the widespread to the This led real- tually participate initsactivities. Party, many don’tac supporters stronglyidentifying the very with to believeand,besidesseemed wasself notaslarge aspeople was that noted theTea Party it elections. overcame inthe’08 hisadversary after all,ishow Barack Obama out to vote. Democratic turnout, an importantpeople to goal get base.servative Anditiscertainly and has energizing been thecon- momentum thepast fewyears movement that has gaining been including myself, defineitas a staying power to live on.Others, ones andthat have itdoesn’t the like majortually the two aparty fact that the Tea “Party” isnotac this eventual possibilityto the also They soon. die offattribute to start ing andwill alotofnoise stintbrief that has generat been while others believethat it’s a is acting asaneffectiveforce, that believed Some theTea Party ions becamemore apparent. the students’ divergence ofopin- tion ontheHill. uation by accelerating- polariza significantly exacerbates this sit ties. Ifnothing else, theTea Party thepar chasm between forming ple are more aware of the growing - peo astheAmerican tors aswell istence oftheParty isthat legisla- the major implications of the ex that thisisavalid point, asoneof You’re Probably Liberal As thediscussion went on, it As thediscussioncontinued, Or, [email protected] email The Tech Write Opinion for The Come on: to our dinners Thursdays @ 6:30 p.m. Sundays @6p.m. and ------approval, andapathy fortheTea bers are of support, dis in terms have what avote to see thenum- Office. of shouldassume they theOval representatives could capable be vative side, but fear what their ested invoting fortheconser may inter been have otherwise away potential moderates that playing fire. with It mightscare could, ifnotdonecarefully, be baseergizing theconservative equate reason. ing point, it’s ultimately aninad- you want resolved start isagood care about solving a problem that voting because they forsomeone vested, orsomethingelse. While issue in which they’re in- deeply It may theirfamilies, be asingle party.to identifyaparticular with because somethingcaused them claim to and supporting votebe ing about that thepeople they ple whovote know next to noth - honestbe here:- most ofthepeo prejudice toward all sides. Let’s showmanship andpreexisting is intheirbestinterest, but by by notnecessarily driven what being said. don’t really understand what is despite theParty, supporting they and deficit andthat,reduction federal spending cuts, taxation, ous to complicated issues such as ofvoterslarge are portion oblivi- ization intheclassroom that a Cambridge Corre Finally, Diaz-Rosillo wanted to thatThe noted class also en- Additionally, many voters are c tions • - - - - The comicis inthecorrectreprinted order on p. 12 ofthisissue. the male character’s statement ofhisinability to eat abrick, notbefore. declaration ofavoidance oftheease of“clingy guys” should comeafter theorderingposed pairs ofthelastframes. two Thefemale character’s Because ofaproduction error, last Friday comicrun trans theSMBC

than the Tea Party. Democrats. Even theGreenParty, with4percent,tookagreatershare ofstudentsing plurality —48percentfelt best alignedwiththe dents felt the Tea Party bestrepresentedtheirviews. The- overwhelm dents conducted lastyear showed thatonly2percentofMIT stu- A ply didnotcare. activities, andthree sim- people in disagreement theParty’s with raised. Fifteen hands were raised thing,a good eight hands were that the Party’s emergence was Party. thought asked When ifthey No response 2 response No

Tech Tea Party 2 Socialist Party 2 While theTeaWhile Party’s presence survey ofover 2100 MITundergraduates andgraduate stu- Republican Party Other 9%

% 11

% %

% Libertarian ! Unsure Party . 9 13 % % Green Party 4 % ing burnt tea? burning it. Andwholikes drink your tea may eventually lead to to understand that overheating same thing. The Tea needsParty ing itscontents are hardly the up, andoverheat apot stirring may things to stir some good be Friday, October 14,Friday, October 2011 Democratic Party 48 % - - - Friday, October 14, 2011 The Tech 7

Black smoke covers Cambridge

On Wednesday afternoon, large plumes of black smoke billowed from the MIT Power Plant after a water feed pump stopped func- tioning at the plant. The smoke lasted for two hours. MIT Power Plant Director Randall D. Pres- ton said that the black smoke resulted from a failure in the oil atomization process. Atomiza- tion, the process of forcing oil into small drop- lets before it is burned, relies on high pressure steam, which is produced by water boilers. However, when the water feed pump failed at the plant on Wednesday, the boilers did not have enough water to produce the necessary steam to allow for atomization to take place. As a result, the unatomized oil burned and released a thick black smoke into the air. Workers at the plant reacted quickly, fixing the water pump and stabilizing steam pressure to normal levels. The plant remained functional despite the incident. The MIT Power Plant usually runs on gas, but began burning oil last Tuesday while its gas burning system underwent renovation. According to Preston, burning oil is not ideal because it costs three times as much as burning gas. The plant finished the improvements on Wednesday and is now back to burning gas. Melissa Renée Schumacher—The Tech —Rob McQueen Ruth D. Abrams ’14, Elana Ben-Akiva ’15, Noa Ghersin ’14, Benjamin Z. Niewood ’15, Elisabeth L. Rosen ’14, Sarah J. Tole- dano ’15, and Inbar S. Yamin ’15 decorated the MIT Sukkah on Tuesday night. The Sukkah will be on Kresge Oval until Oct. 18. 45% of MIT students on dining Plan more popular with freshmen than upperclassmen Dining, from Page 1 The Tech reported last month that them to use a set number of meals per the implementation of House Dining week for any combination of breakfasts, them, or 25 percent, chose to opt-up to did not appear to substantially affect brunches, lunches, or dinners. About a more expensive plan. And out of the upperclassman dormitory transfer rates 30 percent of students in a dining plan 258 students who opted-in but were not or dormitory popularity in the fresh- chose “basic,” which offers a set number required to enroll in any plan at all, 173 man adjustment lottery. of breakfasts and dinners. Twenty-three were freshmen and 88 upperclassmen. Overall, the “Any” category of din- percent are enrolled in “19 Full,” House In other words, 38 percent of freshmen ing plans is the most popular, with 930 Dining’s most expensive plan, which and 3.8 percent of upperclassmen who students — 49 percent of those enrolled affords all 19 breakfast, brunch, lunch, were eligible to opt-in chose to do so. in a plan — choosing a plan that allows and dinner meals per week.

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http://tech.mit.edu/headlines 8 The Tech Friday, October 14, 2011 MIT World Hunger club forges local partnerships Planning collaboration with Harvard Hunger initiative for spring banquet, other events Hunger Week, from Page 1 bar sold, Two Degrees donates a tions to such pitfalls as skepticism ready established an extensive quet offers an opportunity to experi- medically-formulated nutrition about the ability to provide aid network with local restaurants, ence global economic stratification issues and how to volunteer for the pack to a malnourished child. The and being patronizing toward the non-profit organizations, food firsthand. cause. nutrition packs are manufactured ones helped. Banerjee agrees with companies, and similar groups in Although MFWH is just one of Money raised during the week in their distribution area to mini- MFWH’s overall approach to the other schools, Mao said. Current the large host of student groups will be split equally between Pine mize transport costs and create issue by raising awareness around sponsors include Flour, Clover, J.P. that also focus on global develop- Street Inn, a local homeless shel- local jobs. Thus far, the packs have campus. Licks, and Upper Crust, all of which ment, it has already received posi- ter, and Doctors Without Borders treated severe or chronic malnutri- “First I think you have [the] re- are frequented by MIT students tive feedback from the community, for a project specifically targeting tion at 95 percent success rates and sponsibility of learning what’s out and have the potential to generate noted Emma F. Broderick ’14 after malnutrition in the Horn of Africa. are endorsed by the World Health there — that a huge amount of good publicity for MFWH. canvassing local businesses. The Sherry Fu ’14, MFWH club head, Organization. energy, resources, are wasted be- Upper Crust in Harvard Square, for emphasized that the club is as cause people are … fighting in the ‘At MIT we have the example, offered to cater MFWH’s committed to relief close to home The club is as wrong direction,” Banerjee said. screening of Seeds of Hunger next as it is to visible global causes. She Though it is a new club, MFWH technology and the Tuesday for free. reminds students that they can committed to relief has already reached out to col- resources to truly “At MIT we have the technology make an impact on local hunger close to home as it laborate with other campus or- and the resources to truly make an problems, which are often over- ganizations to spread word about make an impact’ impact … what we need is the man- shadowed by “bigger” issues. is to visible global its cause. Challah for Hunger will —Laura R. Stilwell ’14 power and the energy of the entire During Hunger Week, MFWH donate its profits from next week’s student body,” said Laura R. Stilwell will also initiate its year-long proj- causes. sale to MFWH, and Amnesty Inter- MFWH is particularly eager to ’14, one of the organizers of Hunger ect of selling nutrition bars from national will share and promote work with nearby group Harvard Week. Two Degrees Food, a for-profit Professor Abhijit Banerjee, the Hunger Week booth. Hunger Initiative to organize a Hunger Week T-shirts and raf- company committed to reduc- founder of the Jameel Poverty Ac- “Our solidarity and teamwork Hunger Banquet in the spring. At fle tickets will be on-sale in Lobby ing child hunger. Club members tion Lab, will give a lecture next toward a common goal will … gen- the event, students will be assigned 10 starting Monday next week. will be giving out samples and Thursday evening on problems erate the potential for a very suc- social classes in proportion to the To help out or learn more about holding preliminary sales at the regarding conventional thinking cessful fundraiser,” Fu said. world’s population and eat their MFWH, email mfwh_exec@mit. Hunger Week booth.. For every about hunger. He will offer solu- Off campus, the club has al- class’ respective meals. The ban- edu.

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Harvard Square 1 Brattle Square Second Floor 617-864-2061 SHOP THE WAY YOU WANT THE WAY SHOP 20% OFF full-priceall EMS all full-price OFF 15% October 14-16 10/14/11 valid Offer giftrentals. or purchases, or on prior cards, online valid Not 10/16/11 thru *% in-stock items only. off full-price Discount. College National Brand or 15% Brand 1, 20% College EMS F3, Cashier instructions: F3, only. store Square at Harvard Family national brand items 7899_AD 6X8 FW_MIT_HarvardSq.indd 1 Fingerstyle guitarist Andy McKee performs in Boston on Oct. 28. on Oct. in Boston performs Andy McKee guitarist Fingerstyle , - - - - come come T . I just got got lder Scrolls. I just E . : Favorite game? : Favorite : What do you think is the fu- think is the do you : What start off doing : Did you city? : Favorite video YouTube a So: there’s a second had life and : If you : Do you have any advice advice any have Do: you in the future? : What’s ndy McKee and the GM the and McKee ndy TT AM: TT great is a AM: I think YouTube TT in AM: I started off playing TT at was show favorite AM: My TT all in- we were year AM: Last TT that, ask you that AM: Funny TT a real have to have AM: You TT mid- GMT doing until AM: I’m A ‘You need to have ‘You an emotional interaction when you hear music; help butyou can’t become a musician.’ “My Life As a CPA,” that kind of of kind that Life As a CPA,” “My I think if I that. explores jokingly be to a video like I’d choose, could I’m because programmer, game fanatic. of a videokind game ture of musicians, YouTube-wise? YouTube-wise? of musicians, ture professional be more there Will Do up? you cropping musicians - the professional think it damages - a You if they are ism of a musician star? Tube I but upstart for idea musicians, be it may why see can the point, legiti - To construed as illegitimate. and a musician, as yourself mize go to have you beto compelling, and perform in and do shows, out so means much It of people. front in be to playing be to able more audience, fans and of your front your in a difference makes really career. or open mics? booked shows Kansas, Topeka, coffee in shops a few I had Later up. I grew where in finger competitions successful - Ja Taiwan, to got invited style, getting loved Really England. pan, the around and playing there out world. was Scotland. The crowd Glasgow, ev hear to and funny incredible, in the name my eryone chanting middle of the concert! and Jung Sungha of you, there out to jamming Emmanuel Tommy Crazy? Coast.” “Ebon and vited perform to in Bangkok, it thought organized that the guy down and be cool if we all sat it’d knew And Sungha together. played “Ebon including songs, a few of my so we did a few rehearsals Coast,” it. and recorded would what not a guitarist, were you be? a song on Joyland I have because to Boston Oct.to Boston 28 Showcase Live. at an Alienware in anticipation for for in anticipation an Alienware Skyrim especially guitarists, for budding writing their own those who are music? and what connection with music, need You you. to means music interaction an emotional have to as someone music; hear when you become help but can’t you said, a lot of my to I listen a musician. their learn musicians, favorite figure a lot to ear use my songs, inter everythingrecognize to out, develop can you If chords. and vals other songs from learning ear your be very that’ll useful. musicians, a good makes what say to hard It’s prac Definitely takes composer. a lot of time and spending tice, other guys. from learning first son, my had I just November. home a bit, at staying so enjoying Later off. of the year the rest taking I with gigs Eric Johnson. on, more started on, work I’ve material have out an album have to like and I’d year. next by ------ube,musicianship, and guitars T Staff Writer : First of all, I must of all, I must ech: First By Jeff Z. Chen Z. By Jeff

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AM: I used les guitar teach to TT - musi favorite AM: One of my TT TT Metallica, I loved AM: Yeah, : Yeah, it was me and Eric me and Eric it was AM: Yeah, TT : Yep, I was one of the first one of the first I was AM: Yep, TT : We’re just getting started started getting just AM: We’re TT A The T Andy McKee is one of the best one of the best is McKee Andy

front of people.’ have to perform in be compelling, you musician, and to yourself as a ‘T

eral technical musical education? musical technical eral you have under your belt, and gen- belt, under your have you periment with electronic music. periment with electronic Heap. Sometimes at home I’ll ex home I’ll Sometimes at Heap. nist. I also like Björk and Imogen and Imogen Björk I also like nist. - the pia is Brucecians Hornsby, way? influenced your playing in some in some playing your influenced without a guitar player that has has that without player a guitar that route. guitarist and inspired me to go on go me to on guitarist and inspired was just an amazing solo acoustic soloacoustic an amazing just was I was 16 I met Preston Reed, who Reed,who Preston I met 16 was I wanted to play hard rock and met rock hard play to wanted string clas nylon was a guitar first and learned When a lot of metal. Pantera, Iron Maiden, so on. My so on. My Maiden, Iron Pantera, I got an electric shortly that after ing to play “Enter Sandman” on it. it. on Sandman” “Enter play to ing 12. al, correct? try tough - pretty was it and sical, influences. I met him when I was was I met him when I influences. Johnson, who was one of my first first one of my who was Johnson, tour last year as well? year last tour self promotion, especially online. self promotion, dently, since it’s not difficult to do to difficult not it’s since dently, the future I may work indepen- work I may the future And we’re on great terms still. In terms In still. on great And we’re and better things, let me know.” me know.” let things, and better “if ever you want to move to bigger bigger to move to want you “if ever label owner Rob Poland told me, me, told Poland owner Rob label guys signed onto the label, and the the and label, the onto signed guys Tie. Did you leave on good terms? leave Did you Tie. cords before switching to Razor & & Razor to switching before cords sets collabs. and Bennett. We’ll be doing individual individual be doing We’ll Bennett. with Antoine Dufour and Stephen and Stephen Dufour with Antoine later the Northeast. I’m touring touring I’m Northeast. the later touring through the Midwest and and the Midwest through touring today, in Colorado Springs, and and Springs, Colorado in today, during the tour? just cool stuff that’s been going on been on going that’s cool stuff just what’s coming up, and generally and generally up, coming what’s where you guys are at the moment, the moment, at are guys you where about the Guitar Masters tour, tour, Masters the Guitar about ask for one right now. for one right ask chat about the tour, being a guitar a being tour, the about chat I would totally phone somehow Bennett. I sat down with him to with down him to I sat Bennett. the over autographs receive could ers Antoine Dufour and Stephen Stephen and Dufour Antoine ers fan. And if I I am a huge confess, song, “Drifting.” McKee is cur McKee “Drifting.” song, - play fingerstyle withalong fellow YouTube to date for his signature for his signature date to YouTube tour, Masters on the Guitar rently and life in general. ist, achieving over 40 million views on 40 on million views over achieving Tie record label. He is famous for for famous is He label. record Tie currently signed onto the Razor & & the Razor signed onto currently fingerstyle guitarists in America, guitarists America, in fingerstyle

A conversation with Andy McKee Andy with A conversation On You

interview 2011 OctoberFriday, 14, riffs and melodictop of it. on ideas all of them. Usually I’ll just place place just I’ll Usually all of them. ally bother learning the scales for for the scales botherally learning - and I don’t usu on fretboard, outs - lay different and tunings ternate write, I often experiment I often with al- write, struction, and so on. When I go to struction, and so on. When I go to learned scales and chord con- chord and learned scales I really just went off on my own, own, my off on went just I really electric. When I got an acoustic, electric. When I got an acoustic, just a year and a half of lessons on of lessons on and a half a year just didn’t have much formal training, formal training, much didn’t have sons as a living, and personally I I personally and sonsliving, a as 10 The Tech Friday, October 14, 2011

exhibit review From time to time Twenty-four-hour filmThe Clock measures the passing of time Arts Arts Art S

A RTS The Clock Christian Marclay Museum of Fine Arts, Loring Gallery Sept. 16, 2011 – Dec. 31, 2011

By Angelique Nehmzow minute shown on screen corresponds to the local time gling to figure out what’s happening. Instead, it’s more Staff Writer of the viewer. Thus, the film itself becomes a timepiece. like watching exciting trailers. There are hints that a Marclay seamlessly weaves together scenes ranging complex web of hidden subplots exists, which you are It is quite an ambitious project to create a 24-hour from students taking an exam to an assassination at a relieved from needing to know about. film. More ambitious yet is to create one without main wedding. You might jump as someone is electrocuted Marclay and six assistants spent 21 years creating the characters, without a plot, and which comprises entire- while de-misting a bathroom mirror, or laugh as a wrist- nearly $500,000 film which was recently co-acquired ly of scenes involving clocks from other films. Yet that is watch is “baptized” by Robin Williams in a diner. You by the MFA and the National Gallery of Canada. Both precisely what Christian Marclay has done — and very might recognize famous actors such as Johnny Depp galleries cannot exhibit the film at the same time, but effectively, too. and Judi Dench, or well-known films like Big Daddy a shared purchase was encouraged given that only six The Clock, by spanning much of cinematic history, and The Lives of Others. There are clips in black and editions of the artwork exist, and that this arrangement reveals something of our deep emotional attachment to white, some in French, and some from sci-fi films and will allow more people to see it. So far, The Clock has time. It is a film made of thousands of clips spliced to- Westerns. With Marclay’s background as a musician, garnered such success that the MFA has extended its gether, each one of which contains a reference to the the audio of the film is also skillfully edited; for exam- exhibition to Dec. 31. time, either verbally or, more usually, in the ple, the chugging of a drink in one scene is impeccably And with good reason. I myself went to the MFA to form of some clock or watch. The clips timed to the impatient pen-tapping of Sandra Bullock see another exhibit, but thought I might as well take five are chronologically ordered and in the next. minutes to check out The Clock. Forty-five minutes lat- the film’s looped screen- The clips in The Clock are like teasers, and viewing er, I was dragging myself away. It truly is quite a unique ing is timed pre- a never-ending cascade of them is surprisingly neither and unusual experience. Ironically — even though cisely so that confusing nor exasperating. It is not like walking into a I was constantly being reminded of it — I found that, each movie theater late and strug- while watching it, I forgot the passing of time.

courtesy of white cube, london and paula cooper gallery, new york

Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts A RTS Christian Marclay’s The Clock focuses entirely on the concept of time. 11 Fun fun fun fun fun Fun fun fun fun fun fun fun fun fun fun fun fun FUN FUN FUN FUN fun page 17 The Tech Chappell Lawson Associate Professor of Political Science at MIT, Director of MISTI in the 21st Century Co-sponsored with MISTI and MIT Mexico Free and open to the public | [email protected]

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Border Security CIS 34 [email protected] Corrections, p.6) [2377] Re-run with panels in the correct order (see lectronic lectronic ews atherer Email 4.25" N G E by Michael Benitez Michael by This space donated by The Tech www.smallstep.gov digital files at Schawk: Ref#: (212) 689-8585 211169 small step no. Be an A SMALL STEP TO GET HEALTHY GETA SMALL STEP TO HEALTHY

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Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Tech The Solution, page18 Sudoku and Mike Krahulik by Holkins Jerry by Randall Munroe Instructions: Fill inthegridsothateach column, row, and3by 3gridcontains SARCAS A 2 5 7 1 6 WEBCOMI 5 6 M , MATH exactly one ofeach ofthe digits1through 9. C

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LANGUAGE E , 6 1 2 7 8 9 [958] Hotels [962] TheCorlissResolution No MouthDisease 2 7 3 1 2 4 1 3 4 5 8 Solution, page18 Techdoku Instructions: Fill inthegridsothateach column androwexactly contains oneof 4 12+ 60× 1 120× each of the numbers1–6. Follow themathematical operations for each box. 12× 12× 8+ 2× 72× Friday, October 14,Friday, October 2011 15× 6+ 72× 15× 4 Rating: 1/5. Room filled to brim with semen, and when front desk clerk opened mouth to 1/5. Room talk, bedbugs poured out. Rating: And no avian society ever develops space travel because it’s impossible to focus on calculus when you could be outside could when you on calculus impossible to focus because it’s space travel develops societyever avian And no flying. 13 Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun Fun The Tech Amtrak stop Overeater Grads-to-be 64 65 66 Aphrodite’s Aphrodite’s child Renowned archer Loutish fellow 60 62 63 Winter ATV, Winter __-Cat ATV, Warm up pride Musician’s Be obligated Case in point Actress Ward Buck lover Headline material N. or S. state N. or S. As written: Lat. written: As Pau pronoun Vino region Nol of Cambodia Writer Anita Unmatched Tell the tale Tell Funded Spanning Bowled over Marsh Cut into Greek letters Rogers of oaters Rogers Latin American January Grate deposit 24 31 34 39 42 54 13 18 19 22 25 27 29

36 37 40 41 43 45 46 47 50 51 55 57 Actress Actress Berger Avoirdupois unit Arledge of ABC sports Arledge of Fidel of Cuba End of quip Shoshone Old newspaper sections Old newspaper Church officer Dropout’s doc. Missouri River feeder Missouri River Luges CAB’s successor CAB’s Fleet groups Intense lookers Fork part Fork California peak California __ up (excited) Descartes’ conclusion Descartes’ Italian monks Clicked one’s tongue one’s Clicked More irritable Hardest to penetrate 1 2 3 4 5 Melee 6 7 8 9 10 12 59 61 63 68 71 56 58

67 69 70 72 DOWN

11 by Scott Adams by Scott

Abstention periods QB’s pursuit QB’s Bandleader Shaw Listens to Period on the job Period Day’s end, in poems Day’s Start of a quip Rugged ridges Ticket details Pindar product “Bellefleur” author Removed moisture Caution Strained Paul Anka’s “__ Beso” Curvy letters Dining option Part 2 of quip Part Ice cream option Supporting group Dolphin Marino Honest! Cartographic speck Big name in rap

1 6 17 16 38 41 53

Solution, page 17 ACROSS Crossword Puzzle

14 15 11

20 21 22 23 26 28 30 32 33 35

44 48 49 52 by Jorge Cham Jorge by

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  Feng Wu—The Tech Danielle Marie ’14 scattered leaves on the runway as she  showed off an outfit from Free People at KATwalk. KATwalk, hosted by Kappa Alpha Theta, took place in Walker Memorial on  Monday night.     Is there anyone you want to shadow for 24 hours?

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 Join Campus Life @ The Tech!  E-mail [email protected]    Friday, October 14, 2011 The Tech 15 OPERA results face intense scientific scrutiny MIT physics professors say that results should be questioned, but exposure is valuable Neutrinos, from Page 1 in other parts, which is why it’s hard plications, either theoretically or an impact in the media. nature telling us what it does,” to isolate this neutrino ‘disease’ in technologically,” said Wilczek. “No headline will say, ‘Oops, Conrad said. “When you find a only a few hours before the light this small sector,” Wilczek said. Talk in the media about trav- we goofed.’ … My concern is that violation, you have to find a way did (neutrinos leave the dying But no one is claiming that the eling in time or having causal this potentially big splash will not to put it in the perspective of other star before visible light from the European researchers were care- loops were a misunderstanding be compensated for by correc- d a t a .” explosion). less. On the contrary, Wilczek be- of relativity. “If there’s any limit- tion,” said Hughes. Despite concerns, the neutrino Every supernova is accompa- lieves that all of the scientists are ing speed, even if it’s not the speed Physics student Asher C. results have been a great teach- nied by production and emission “competent, professional experi- of light, one would not be able to Kaboth G also noted that “It’s ing opportunity for many profes- of a massive quantity of neutri- menters who have been wrestling close the loop from the future to harder for the general public to sors. In Hughes’s 8.033 (Relativity) nos. Physicists can calculate the with this for months and can’t the past,” Wilczek added. understand the little details … it’s class, he discussed the concept relative time between when the make this go away.” Although he is doubtful of the difficult to explain.” Those who do of the experiment in lecture and neutrinos are emitted and when “I’m not claiming they’ve done results, Hughes does not have any not know much about special rela- asked students to think carefully criticism of OPERA’s report itself. tivity might have misconceptions about whether they believed that ‘It’s premature, to say the least, to “The paper is very clear — they say about what these results mean neutrinos could travel faster than speculate wildly about the implications, they’re throwing [this discovery] and their possible implications, he the speed of light. out there for further testing. Their said. “In the hands of someone who either theoretically or technologically.’ paper is very careful and pretty Conrad did not like the way can discuss this well, and the ears —Frank Wilczek conservative.” of students open to listening, it’s a nobel laureate He found it “irresponsible,” “It’s harder for the great topic,” Hughes said. however, that the authors held a general public to Conrad also brought up the the light is emitted from the explo- it wrong, I’m saying that it needs press conference immediately af- subject in her 8.02 (Electricity sion. If OPERA’s results are correct, looking at very carefully,” added ter their accidental discovery. In understand the and Magnetism) class and asked however, the neutrinos should Hughes. “There’s a big difference fact, some of the researchers who little details … it’s her students to answer questions have travelled faster and arrived a between precision and accuracy were part of OPERA actually re- like “If this result is proven wrong, few years before the light. — you can measure with precision moved their names from the paper difficult to explain.” what does this say about science? Hughes and Wilczek both guess a very inaccurate result.” because they found the analysis to —Asher C. Kaboth Does science ever get it right?” Her that scientists will most likely ap- be too preliminary to be able to re- Graduate Student opinion is that things go wrong in proach the neutrino announce- What if it’s true? lease the results in such a manner. science all the time, but the beauty ment with a variety of new experi- If it is true that neutrinos can “This is one of the few things some physicists reacted to the is that one discovery leads to the ments and do tests with different travel faster than the speed of light, that reveals the tension that was news. “Way up there in the re- next, and we continue to change baselines. fascinating new lines of inquiry going on within the experiment,” sponses I don’t like [is], ‘If it what we know about the world. “I would say there’s a 98 per- could open. One theory is that Hughes pointed out. doesn’t fit my theory, it must be Wilczek agreed that on the cent chance this is a systematic er- these speedy neutrinos could be a wrong.’ That’s not okay to tell whole, it’s a good thing that peo- ror,” Hughes said. crack in the universe that reveals Public reaction people.” ple are noticing current research Scientists note that other pre- extra dimensions in high energies. The fact that this story has She said that if neutrinos re- in physics, and that there is ex- dictions of special relativity are “If this were correct, our GPS made a huge appearance in head- ally do travel faster than the speed posure of the scientific process. valid, and that these neutrinos wouldn’t work,” Hughes said of the lines over the past few weeks does of light, it breaks current theories “There’s something about Einstein might be something “special and navigation technology that relies not surprise Hughes, but he is and scientists will have to con- and space that even after all these weird.” on relativistic principles. worried that after it dies down, any struct new ones. years has a certain magic because “Within the theoretical frame- “It’s premature, to say the least, future and possibly contradictory “There’s a difference between it’s so profound and unexplained,” work, we have been very successful to speculate wildly about the im- discoveries will not have as large us saying what nature will do and he said. 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Th eProduction Department of Th e Tech might be just the place for you! 16 The Tech Friday, October 14, 2011 Hybrid & electric cars gain traction in fuel economy Automakers attempt to meet high mileage goals without making significant sacrifices By Bill Vlasic ington organization that promotes helps.” its larger sedans. Ford Motor Co. has Toyota recently announced plans to The New York Times efforts to mitigate global warming. Direct-injection technology won raves for its EcoBoost technol- jointly develop a hybrid gas-electric “Most of the changes will be invis- pushes fuel into the combustion ogy, which employs direct injection system for trucks and large SUVs. The formula for better fuel econ- ible to the consumers and achieved chambers of a traditional engine to and turbocharging to improve fuel Hybrids will be an integral part of omy in cars has long been a simple with better engines, transmissions create more horsepower at greater efficiency in a variety of vehicles. the industry’s plan to meet the strin- equation: The smaller the vehicle, and aerodynamics.” efficiency, resulting in better fuel Ford executives have been pleas- gent new fuel-economy regulations. the farther it goes on a gallon of gas. The U.S. auto industry has en- economy and lower emissions. antly surprised at the success of the Only a small percentage of drivers Fuel-conscious consumers have dured a rough ride in recent years. While hardly an automotive break- EcoBoost version of its F-Series full- have embraced hybrid technology, been forced to make trade-offs. The economic crisis in 2008 pushed through, the system allows consum- size pickup, the best-selling vehicle but attitudes are changing as car- More size and interior room trans- the Detroit automakers to the brink ers like Herring to enjoy improved in America. “The company felt we makers install hybrid systems in a lated into heavier vehicles and larger of insolvency. Sales withered, and mileage without compromising on could change minds about V-6s in wider variety of models. engines and increasingly expensive the car companies were forced to size. trucks if we delivered fuel economy “The hybrid is slowly becom- trips to the pump. Saving on gasoline slash unsustainable costs and pay- “Buying a compact car would without sacrificing performance,” ing a mainstream technology,” said meant choosing narrower, shorter rolls. General Motors and Chrysler have been a big step down from the said a Ford spokesman, Said Deep. Becker of Safe Climate Campaign. “I and less powerful vehicles, whether were forced to seek government sedans I’m used to,” he said. “Now Still, skeptics wondered whether suspect there are some people who it was a compact pickup truck or a aid and go through bankruptcy to I’m able to get pretty good mileage truck buyers would choose a pickup will never be comfortable with them, little sedan with a token back seat survive. and still have the space I need.” with a six-cylinder engine rather but their numbers are growing fewer and minimal creature comforts. But Detroit emerged from the Fuel economy is among the chief than the traditional V-8. But the F- and fewer.” But a quiet revolution has been recession leaner, more competitive considerations for consumers look- Series equipped with the 3.5-liter Becker also estimated that all- taking place in the design studios and intensely focused on delivering ing for a new vehicle, according to EcoBoost engine now accounts for electric vehicles would compose and engineering centers of the cars and trucks that are fun to drive the auto research website Edmunds. about 40 percent of Ford’s F-Series about 5 percent of new-vehicle sales world’s major automakers, one that and practical to own, but also cheap- com. sales, proving that even stalwart by 2025. “The automakers are going is allowing drivers to select vehicles er to fill up, with gas prices that have “It’s one of the most important pickup owners will downsize their to need that number to reach the in virtually every market segment hovered around $4 a gallon. factors that people consider when engines to shave fuel costs. overall fleet average,” he said. without compromising on fuel Consumers are discovering cars buying a new car,” said Jeremy An- One such convert is Thomas Be- The market for electric cars re- economy. that meet their needs without bust- wyl, the chief executive of Edmunds. attie of Chandler, Ariz., who bought mains questionable. Nissan’s elec- It’s all happening under the hood, ing their budgets on fuel. Bradley “But they want to make as few trade- an F-150 with an EcoBoost V-6 en- tric Leaf has gotten off to a slower- where improvements in engine tech- Herring, an engineer from Dubuque, offs as possible, whether it’s the size gine in May. Beattie wanted a rug- than-expected start since being nology are turning gas-guzzlers into Iowa, was recently in the market for of the vehicle or the price.” ged truck that could go off-road on introduced last year, although its relative fuel-sippers, yet still deliv- a roomy, family-size sedan with the Several new models entering the camping trips with his 5-year-old debut was hampered somewhat by ering the horsepower, acceleration fuel economy of a compact car. market will broaden the choices for daughter, but burn less fuel on long problems related to the tsunami in and utility that U.S. consumers crave. He found exactly what he wanted drivers weary of rising fuel costs. drives. Japan. GM has taken a deliberately Government mileage regulations in, of all places, a Buick showroom. Toyota is expanding its Prius hybrid The EcoBoost engine improves patient approach in its rollout of the will force automakers to produce The GM brand has historically of- line with a wider, more spacious ver- fuel economy by about 10 percent Chevrolet Volt, a plug-in hybrid elec- fleets that average 54.5 miles per gal- fered larger vehicles with cushy sion, and introducing a new genera- over the conventional V-8. Beattie tric sedan that runs primarily on bat- lon by 2025, nearly double the cur- rides and mediocre fuel economy. tion of its top-selling Camry sedan. proudly compared the mileage of his tery power but has a small gasoline rent standard. But by choosing a Buick LaCrosse General Motors is rolling out a U.S.- metallic-blue F-150 to that of older- engine so it can recharge on the fly. And while that target seems lofty, with a small, four-cylinder engine made subcompact, the Chevrolet model large sport utility vehicles like The Volt gets the equivalent of the car companies are steadily inch- equipped with a direct-injection sys- Sonic, that it hopes will captivate the Chevrolet Suburban. 93 mpg in fully electric mode, but at ing toward the goal by improving the tem, Herring got the space and com- younger buyers with a sticker price “All those Suburbans are getting a price of more than $40,000. Even mileage achieved by traditional gas fort of a bigger car with a combined under $15,000. Hyundai has a sporty, between 10 and 13 miles to a gallon,” with a $7,500 federal tax credit, the engines as well as introducing more city and highway mileage of nearly compact car, the Veloster, on tap that he said. “But I can set my cruise con- car is pushing the limits of consumer hybrid and electric models. 25 mpg. will get nearly 40 mpg. trol to 70 miles an hour and get be- acceptance because of its high cost. “The average car in 2025 will get “I didn’t have to downsize to a But it’s not just small and midsize tween 20 and 28 miles per gallon on “There is clearly a curve on which the kind of mileage that today’s Toy- compact car to get decent mileage,” cars that are grabbing the interest of the highway in my pickup.” consumers are willing to pay for bet- ota Prius hybrid gets, but we’re not he said. “I’m saving about $15 a week mileage-sensitive consumers. GM, The recent increase in future ter fuel efficiency,” Anwyl said. “At talking about some futuristic tech- on gas with a full-size sedan that for example, is marketing a new fuel-economy standards is setting some point, the improvements in nology,” said Dan Becker, director of runs on regular gas. It’s not going to electronic system, called eAssist, the stage for the next leap forward in technology cost more than people the Safe Climate Campaign, a Wash- make or break me, but every little bit that improves the fuel economy of pickups — a hybrid truck. Ford and are able to justify.”

Sunday, Oct. 16th Friday, October 14, 2011 The Tech 17

Solution to Crossword from page 13

SMBC, from Page 11

Be a PENguin Christopher A. Maynor—The Tech A Mechanical Engineering student launches an “angry bird” at targets downrange on Killian Court Friday afternoon. The energetic write for us event was the culmination of several weeks’ worth of designing and building in 2.009 (The Product Engineering Process). e-mail [email protected]

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This bibliography represents books challenged, restricted, removed, or banned in 2010 and 2011 as reported in the Newsletter on Intellectual Freedom from May 2010−May 2011. Alexie, Sherman. Chbosky, Stephen. The Perks of Being a Wallflower Hahn, Mary Downing. Mathabane, Mark. Kaffir Boy: The True Story of a Black Semencic, Carl. Pit Bulls and Tenacious Guard Dogs

The Absolutely True Diary of a Part Time Indian Chopin, Kate. The Awakening The Dead Man in Indian Creek Youth’s Coming of Age in Apartheid South Africa Thomasson Grant & Howell Shaffer, Paul. Anderson, Laurie Halse. Speak Collins, Suzanne. The Hunger Games. Halpern, Julie. Get Well Soon McKissack, Fredrick, Jr. Shooting Star. We’ll Be Here for the Rest of Our Lives Baker, Larry. The Flamingo Rising Crutcher, Chris. Staying Fat for Sarah Byrnes Horowitz, Anthony. Snakehead Monette, Paul. Writers’ Voice: Selected from Borrowed Time: Sixx, Nikki.The Heroin Diaries: Baskin, Julia; Lindsey Newman, Sophie Pollitt-Cohen, Ehrenreich, Barbara. Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World An AIDS Memoir. A Year in the Life of a Shattered Rock Star and Courtney Toombs. Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting by in America Kehret, Peg. Stolen Children Moore, Patrick. Tweaked: A Crystal Meth Memoir Smith, Jeff. Bone The Notebook Girls: Four Friends, One Diary, Real Life Foer, Jonathan Safran. Lelveld, Joseph. Great Soul: Morrison, Toni. Song of Solomon Sones, Sonya. Brashares, Ann. Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close. Mahatma Gandhi and His Struggle With India Knopf Myracle, Lauren. ttyl One of Those Hideous Books Where the Mother Dies Forever in Blue, the Fourth Summer of the Sisterhood Frank, Anne. Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl. Mackler, Carolyn. Vegan Virgin Valentine Ockler, Sarah. Twenty Boy Summer Sonnie, Amy, ed. Revolutionary Voices: Burroughs, Augusten. Running with Scissors Gruen, Sara. Water for Elephants. Madaras, Lynda, and Dane Saavedra. Plum-Ucci, Carol. The Body of Christopher Creed A Multicultural Queer Youth Anthology Butler, Dori Hillestad. My Mom’s Having a Baby Guterson, David. Snow Falling on Cedars. What’s Happening to My Body? Book for Boys: A Salinger, J. D.. The Catcher in the Rye Walker, Margaret. Jubilee Sept. 24 – Oct. 1 Cast, P. C., and Kristin Cast. Betrayed Haddon, Mark. The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time Growing-up Guide for Parents & Sons Sapphire (Ramona Lofton). Push Writers Corps. Paint Me Like I Am: Teen Poems 18 The Tech Friday, October 14, 2011 As online education rises, financial aid fraud grows Inspector general and universities employ stricter measures to investigate fraud rings By Tamar Lewin General. res of foot soldiers, many of them rollment and low tuition, which the most significant efforts to com- The new york times But those numbers do not re- lacking a high school diploma, leaves room for substantial excess bat it, seems to have occurred at flect the scale of the fraud rings, recruited with the understanding aid. Axia College, a two-year program While serving nine months in a the report said, since often the that they will keep a portion of the At Rio Salado College, an on- of the University of Phoenix, the South Carolina prison on forgery ringleaders are the only ones aid money and kick back the rest to line community college in Ari- nation’s largest for-profit institu- charges, Michelle N. Owens capi- prosecuted. the ringleader. zona, 64 people were convicted in tion. Officials there have identified talized on the explosion in online With the huge expansion of Until 2005, colleges could not a $538,000 scheme that unraveled — and referred to the inspector higher education to tap into a new online college courses, financial participate in federal aid programs after an employee in Rio Salado’s general — some 750 rings involv- — and highly lucrative — way to aid scams have become a serious if more than half their students financial aid office noticed similar ing 15,000 people. profit from fake documents. problem. were enrolled in what were then handwriting on several applica- Axia, which enrolls about Using information she gath- As of Aug. 1, the inspector gen- known as “correspondence” or tions. The ringleader, Trenda Hal- 150,000 students, and the Univer- ered as she handled paperwork eral had opened 100 investigations “telecommunications” courses. ton, a student who pleaded guilty sity of Phoenix’s parent company, in the prison’s education depart- into distance-education fraud For online courses — but not cor- last year, worked with several ac- the Apollo Group, have four em- ment, Owens filed applications involving thousands of suspects; respondence courses — the 50 per- complices who recruited “straw ployees working full time to iden- for admission and financial aid such crimes now make up about cent rule was eliminated in 2005. students” to apply for Pell grants tify fraud and expose Pell-runners. to Webster University’s distance- 17 percent of the agency’s open By now, the vast majority of col- and loans. “We have been able to construct learning programs on behalf of 23 cases, and investigators are work- leges and universities offer online Halton signed into their online a pretty thick net that is very dif- unknowing inmates. ing on 49 new complaints, scram- courses, and some huge commer- classes to meet Rio Salado’s atten- ficult for these criminals to pen- The applicants were admitted bling to keep up. cial institutions have hundreds dance requirements, then took a etrate,” said James Berg, the Apollo and granted the $467,500 in re- of thousands of online students. cut of $500 to $1,000 once the aid Group’s chief ethics and compli- quested aid, including $124,821 for As of Aug. 1, the Amid tough economic times, an money came through. ance officer. books, transportation and living inspector general increasing number of these stu- Apollo monitors and records expenses — though of course their dents are actually what are known The ringleader the vast majority of calls from po- room and board was provided by had opened 100 as “Pell-runners” — people who tential students, he said, and has the state. The aid was sent in the investigations disappear as soon as they receive worked with several what he called an “intense iden- form of debit cards to the residen- the proceeds of their Pell grants or accomplices who tity verification process” if any red tial South Carolina address Owens into distance- student loans. flags are raised. supplied. Kathleen S. Tighe, the inspec- recruited ‘straw The company is also on the An alert employee at Webster education fraud tor general, suggested that colleges lookout for multiple applications in St. Louis, which has campuses clamp down on identity verifica- students’ from the same computer network overseas and on dozens of United “Because of the sheer volume tion and that Congress and the address, often a tip-off to a fraud States military bases, eventually of referrals, finite resources, and Education Department to rethink (Rio Salado has a business ring. noticed an unusual number of other external limitations,” the re- whether online students, mostly partnership with The New York Last year, Apollo introduced a applicants from the same address port said, “we cannot investigate working adults, should be eligible Times Co. to offer courses through required three-week orientation in Florence, S.C. Owens, 36, who all of the referrals we receive con- for the same federal aid to cover the company’s online education in hopes of weeding out students continued to make fraudulent ap- cerning distance-education fraud living expenses as students who at- program.) likely to drop out. Axia’s new en- plications to Webster for more rings.” tend on-campus programs. Pursuing so many people in an rollment has since dropped by than a year after she was released The rings generally seek federal “Without that money there individual ring is rare, though. about half; Berg said the orienta- from Leath Correctional Institu- aid for “straw students” who have would be significantly less in- “It is unlikely that such a robust tion had also cut down sharply on tion in 2008, was sentenced Sept. no intention of pursuing an edu- centive for this particular scam,” effort to prosecute all participants fraud. 29 to 51 months in federal prison cation — or, as in Owens’ scheme, Tighe noted. “We’ll do the best we in such a large investigation will be “Fraud ringleaders, operating and ordered to pay $128,852 in are unaware of the application. can with our resources to inves- repeated in the future,” said the in- on behalf of several students, have restitution. The aid is sent to the college, tigate the allegations we receive, spector general’s report. to maintain the appearance that She is one of 215 participants which takes the portion covering but there are actions that can be In a similar case two years ago, they’re all participating in orienta- in 42 financial aid fraud rings who the initial tuition and fees, and taken to help reduce the appeal American River College, a commu- tion, and that’s just too much work have been convicted since 2005 then “refunds” the excess to the of this quick-cash-for-little-effort nity college in Sacramento, found for the ringleader,” Berg said. and ordered to pay $7.5 million in student to cover other expenses s c a m .” dozens of people with the same ad- “We’ve heard back from ring- restitution and fines, according to such as books, transportation and Community colleges have been dress enrolled in the same courses, leaders that the University of Phoe- a new report by the Department of room and board. especially vulnerable to fraud all of whom were then either with- nix is making it too difficult for us. Education’s Office of the Inspector Some rings involve vast cad- rings, because of their open en- drawing or failing. The ringleader And since the beginning of 2011, pleaded guilty to fraudulently ap- on a monthly basis, we have seen plying for federal financial aid for a decrease in the number of fraud more than 60 people, and, in May, rings we are flagging. I think with as a result, he was sentenced to five all the cases we’ve referred to law years and 10 months in prison, and enforcement, word has gotten out ordered to pay $234,515. that this is not a smart thing to try The biggest fraud, along with here.”

Solution to Techdoku Solution to Sudoku from page 12 from page 12 8 5 7 1 9 4 2 6 3 3 4 5 1 6 2 3 9 6 2 8 7 4 5 1 THE LEGATUM CONVERGENCE 1 2 3 5 4 6 2 1 4 3 6 5 7 8 9 presented by the Legatum Center at MIT 5 4 3 7 1 8 9 2 6 5 6 1 3 2 4 7 2 8 6 5 9 3 1 4 October 27-28, 2011 2 3 4 6 5 1 9 6 1 4 2 3 8 7 5 E14, MIT Media Lab Complex 4 3 2 5 7 6 1 9 8 6 1 2 4 3 5 6 7 9 8 4 1 5 3 2 4 5 6 2 1 3 1 8 5 9 3 2 6 4 7 is annual conference explores the challenges and opportunities entrepreneurs encounter in developing countries

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