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o6eTedTr{c.Tv :aldureg eq1 uT spuET sT TenpT^TpuT uo ,&lT^TlcP aTl:rn1 Jo uo11:odo:6 . T aTqE,I special protection as they support the most diverse stagevacant Crown land, immediately becarnea focus flora and fauna, and have been shown to be critical to for recreational activities and this use hcreased from the contiaued survival of Petrogrle rothschildi on 1970 with ths construction of Karratha a:rd Wickham Enderby ard Rosemary Islands (Kinnear et al. 1984). to cater for another 8 000 people. By 1981 the They are also adjacent to beachessome of which are combined population of Karratha, Dampier, usedby the public. Wickham and Roebourne was 14 800. By 1992this is predicted to increase to 18 000 (Depaltment of In addition to their conservationvalues, the nature Industrial Development1983). These towns are all reseryes of the have other with a 50 km radius of the Dampier Archipelago values which must be considered with resDect to (Figure 1). managingpeople in the area. Tbeseinclude aisrhetic values, historic values,and aborigirral sites. These can When the majority of the islands were gazetted as be broadly categorhed as recreational values as nature resewes in 1980, areas of recreation reserve awarenessof them by the public can contdbute to were set aside to cater pdmarily for camping a:rd their overall enjol'ment of the islalrds. Public shack development. This situation was revised in awareuessof the native flora and fauna can also be 1984 when all East and West Lewis Islands became seen as contributing to their enjolment of the islands. recreation reserve and that part of Malus Island containingshacks remained recreation reserve. All With the development of the iron ore industry in the other recreation reserveson Rosemary,Angel and the and associatedincrease in population in Delambre Islards were incorporated into the adjacent the 1960s, it was recommended that the Dampier nature reserve. Overnight campiag and day trips Archipelago be managed in a way that recognized were permitted to continue on nature reserye both the recreation and conservation values of the beaches, however, all shack development was islands (Australian Academy of Science 1962, restricted to the recreation reserves and is managed Conservation Through Reserves Committee 1974, by the Department of Conservationand Environment. Environmental Protection Authority 1975). ln 1977 State Cabinet agreed that a systemof nature and Since 1.982,data on public utilization of nature recreation reservesbe establishedarrd in October reserves has been obtained mainly through regular Dolphin Islaad was gazetted a nature reserve. Many aerial surveysand liaison with the pubtc on site. The of the other islands followed in 1980,with recreation following points characterisethe present public use: areas set aside for day trips, camping and shack 1. The development. Twenty six of the islands are now beaches and other scenic qualities of the islands are seen public nature roserves managed by the Department of by the as the major values of islands. Conservationand Land Management(CALM). the 2. Because of the climate arrd topography of the PUBLIC UTILIZATION O[' THE islards, camping arnd day trips are restricted almost DAMPIERARCHIPELAGO exclusivelyto the beaches. Between 1900-1965the islaads in the Dampier 3. With the exception of Norbill Bay on Rosemary Archipelago were used by lishermen mainly from Island and Delanbre Island campers and day trippers Point Samson and Onslow for shelter and campsites. plefer to use beaches on their ovn and avoid other Very little recreational activity was undertaken as the forms of occupation. They tend to stay away from islaads were relatively haccessible at this stage. In shack beaches and invariably use natu.re reserves "to 1963the North West Game pi5hingClub obtaineda beaches get away from it all". speciallease of 7.3 ha from the Lands Departmentto 4. Most camping occurs during long weekends or cater for a shack and facilities which had been holidays in the cooler months (Apdl-September) erected in Norbill Bay, RosemaryIsland. An airstrip however because mainly of the "rostered day off' was also constructedand a well sunk and thesewere system operated by Harnersley Iron and Woodside conn€ctedto the leasearea by a track. outside of public holidays, some canping also occurs When the Commonwealth government eased over standard weekends. The maximum number of restrictionson iron ore exportsin 1960,exploration camps counted to date on nature reservesis 32, which and development of iron ore deposits in the Pilbara equatesto approximately120 people (Table 3). proceededrapidly and by 1965 HamersleyIron Pty 5. Camping is short term and rarely exceeds the Ltd began constructing the to\{,ll and port of Dampier permitted5 nights. to house2 500 employeesinvolved in the companies' export of iron ore. The Dampier Archipelago, at this

188 68r

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s.{epr 1o11 sdurPc Jo sleoq Jo sdurec Jo sleoq Jo JT qNd 'oN 'xei^l 'o$1 . 'oN 'xew 'oN . T xew xew :! o .raqumN q1uow

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-raqo+co - z86I jreqolco rrorJ o6eTadrqcrv :aldureq .;:t:l spupTsT JO asn ctlqnd unuTxEru aq1 Jo saleuT?sg .t aTqe,tr 4. To promote scientfic study of the islands The above zonings will be delineated by ecosystem. appropriately worded signs that identi$ the zone and provide reasonsfor the restriction. If necessarypost for recreationaluse With respectto management and rail fencirg will be used to mark off areas. lrst of these objectives it is predominantly the two hformation post and rail fencing will be used to mark that must be addressed, and the key to achieving off areas. Information boards showiag a map of the these objectives is through effective communication Danpier Archipelago will be erected at the two boat with the public. ramps in Danpier and one in Wickham to inform the a. To maintain and r€stor€ the natural public of the statusof the islands ar:d the zonings that €nyironm€nt and protect it from any apply. A brochure containing this information will disturbance that would reduc€ its valu€ to also be prepared and distributed from the Karratha nature conservation ofrice of Department of Conservation a.nd Lald Management, It may also be possible to airarrge To achieve this objective the nature reserveswill distribution of this brochure through the Department be divided into ConservationZones and Recreation of Marine and Harbourq tbrough whom private boats Zones. mustbe licensed. The ConservationZones will be areasof restricted The other part of the objective,to restore the public accessand wili include four categories: natura.l environment, will be achieved throngfi a. no accessat any time - this zone will apply to rehabilitation works to the areas so far affected by most of th€ Wedge-tailedShearwater breeding publc use of the nature reserves. The airstrip suface sites in the nature reseryes. Some sites are on Rosemary Isla.nd has been broken up to allow conduciveto public viewhg. revegetation, and tracks not approved by CALM for. use by the North West Game fishiag Club on b. no accessduring the breeding season- this will Rosemary Island will be fenced off. The foredule apply to seabird nesting sites ard as many areas of popular campiag sites such as Norbill Bay, species, especially terns are not loyal to nestirg Rosemary Islaad, and Delambre Island will possibly sites, this zoning will need to be flexible ard require fencing with pine logs ard access to the implementedas the need arises. inland areas restricted to a f€w points. Areas that have previously been used for camping and have c. daylight accessonly from September to April - subsequently been affected, through a loss of this will apply only to the important turtle vegetation, by this activity, will have future access nesting beachesand is to prevent disturbance to restricted to daylight only tbro'rgh Conservation Zone adult and llghling turtles causedby lights and (d). Other rehabilitation works will be undertaken as crowdsof people. Sone controllednight access the needarises. during September-April will be possible. Other turtle nesting beachesoccur outside this zoning. b. To promot€ public appreciation and enjotment of the natural, bistoric and d. daylight accessonly all year round - this applies archaeologicalvalues of the islands, consistent to all inland areas other than (a), and to some with the frrst objectiv€ beacheswhere, becauseof insufficient space for camping, vegetation cover may be affected by Several, natural, historic and archaeological this activity. features have been identified as visitor tolerant on the nature reservesald these will be used to promote Recreation Zones will be beach areas where public appreciation and enjoyment of the islands. unrestricted day accessand camping for up to 5 nights will be permitted. Effectivelythis appliesto (a) Natural features include Osprey rests, turtle most beachesou the nature reserves,except those nesting and Wedge-railed Shearwater breeding occupiedby sea birds or tutles during their nesting sltes. season. Iu both the Conservation Zones and when contiining eggs or RecreationZoues, Wildlife ConservationRegulations Osprey nests even readily ard (Wildlife Conservation Act 1980) will apply, and young cao be approached photographed without ary long term nature reserve signs of modular pine log construction will inform the users, using s1'nbols,that the island is disturbance. a nature reserve ard that no dogs, open ltres, or Visits by the public to turtle beaches designated campiry (in the ConservationZones) are permitted. uader Conservation Priority Area Zone (c) could only be undertaheu if supervised by

190 t6r

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(1971). The plantsseen and collectedin Methuen& Co. Ltd., London. north-western by . Macllroy, J. (1979). Dampier Archipelago Historic WA. Naturulist11 (8) 173-178. Sites Survey. A report prepared for the Gregory A.C. and Gregory F.T. (1984). Journals of Australian Heritage Comnission. Australian Exploration. James C. Beal. Govt. Merrilees, D. (1979). The prehistoric environment in Printer Brisbane. (Facsimile edition 1.981. Australia, Royal HesperianPress) . Western Joumal of the Societyof wA.62 (r-4)r09-r24. Kinnear, J., Onus, M., and Bromilow, B. (1984). Rhoads, J.W. and Gara, T.J. (1984). Introduction, Foxes, Feral Cats, and Rock Wallabys. Swans. 14 Dampier Archeological Project. Aboriginal Sites (1) 3-8. Dept. W.A. Museum. Kitchener,D.J. and Vicker, E. (1981). Catalogueof Semeniuk, V., Chalmer, P.N., and Le Provost, L Modern Mamnals irr the Western Australian (1982). The marine environments of the Dampier Museum 1895 to 1981. Western Australian Archipelago. Ioumal of the Royal Society of WA, Museum Publication. 65 (3) E7-tL4. Lee, I. (1925). Early Explorers in Australia.

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