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080123-11.Pdf ll DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIESAND FAUNA WESTERN AUSTRALIA REPORTNo. ll THE FAUNA, FLORA AND PLANNED USAGE OF THE DAMPIER ARCHIPELAGO by A. A. Burbidge B.Sc. (Hons.), Ph.D. and R. l. T. Prince B.Sc. (Agric.) (Hons.) FAUNA RESEARCH BRANCH Published by the Director of Fisheri€s end Fauna, Perth, under the authority of the Hon. Ron Davies, H.L.A,. Hinister for Fisberiesand Fauna t972 . se8ed eJ+uaC drys0r0nd c)z z STSVT Ol. I STSVJ Et .trHdvui0rTsrs IX 9l S,INSItlfliGn tr0l\DICY X 9l NoI.rVCNUI/{i^rOcf,uxI iNINMiTd .{O S.ICtrdSV NOf0VAUSSNOC IIIA f,iYso stnJo,f rrl\ IL YSUYIHJ ,{0 SCNY[UOiI1{r IA tl ". €TqTqduV 'c 6 ." s aTT+daU '3 I s Japer puP sprTg €os .. L sp.rTg ErET L sgrTg "S g sT€unej,{ .Y E VNJ]V,{ A e YUoT,{ AI z IHdYrIiOdoJ cNV .f,i010si llr z trJVIIlT! TT NorJCOqOufNr r oBBd S.INUJNOS 68 15E0 I|il|il|ilffiililrum|ilil168t9S0 'JO 'U'g SursrJduoc puE urnasnWuefl€J1snV uJa?sail ei.il [uoJJ '1s.rIJ 'euneJ aqJ pue eJoTJ aql pauruexa pue oBpTadrqcrv .saur1 aq? pa?rsr a eL[ ser?J€d aaJq1 ?uaJaJ ,II . ( t46 t a8roec pue ! 996 1 'p1a1;1cn.1, 'auT)l tZ lg t aes ) Jerdur€C ,{q parx€u ,{ITEurBrJo euo eq1 fou sT sdeut 1ua.r..rnJ uo aur€u sTllf sJ€eq qJTq,{r pueTsT eql 'Ja 'paaJ3€ .,(Jg',xasoU ?eqf a^{oq ^rou sT 1I tjsrlSug eLI?.Jo uTq papurural qlT LIlr{( srreTTrxe €rrEef O) ?ueTd e 1T UO ?t{eS aq: esneJaq |lpu"TsI ^JEurasou palTsrA aq spuelsT aLIl Jo auo peur€u Jf asurrr.l Jerdur€C 1€q1 u,{,|ou>lsT ?I 'apll .{,roI 1E s?eIJpnu ,{q paurol sT ?r qJrq,r ox pu€TuTsur eq? Jo uolsuafxa ue aq o?. sJeedde ,{TTenlr€ ?nq pueTsT aJoqs Jeau aBJeT € sr pueTsl asJnocJalul fsaM'spu€TsI aTodaprJ r pue ue{€?sJN'asJno)Jalul ?seg asJnoJJa?ul 3TppTII xsaM 'asJnocJaluI pue ls€g punoJ eJe 1seoc aq? o1 JeJPeN puefsl f,eTpTC Jo qlJou aqX 01 spueTST peueuun pue spuETsI oJquefeO pue,(neH'Xsea)J'u.{,npoo9 .>l,neqa13eg SNTEIN EPNTJUT eJoqsJJo acup?sTp auos spueTsr JarT€us ' ssJJE Ogoe pu€rs I ^aTpTc . s aJJ€ 98ZZ pueTs I TaBuV sarce 9o9z puersl sr^.ta.I?sr?g seJce 86/Z . pue1s1 ,{Jeur es oU sarcE 9Z99 . pue1s1 eJ puaBi) .I s aJce goog . pueT sI s T]!ta.I ?se1l'.l saJsB 8 ltl 'pueTsJ , qJepirg saJ3e 916/ .pue1s1 uTqdToq a.re spuelsl .rofeur ' aqJ (d€ur aes ) sauo JaTIeus Jo Jequnu e,pue spuefsr agJ€T ual ?noqe Jo pa sr:duro c sr oBeladrqc.r\i .raTdueOaqI 'JaTduleO Jo u^{o? aql Jo snTpeJ aTTur 09 e uTqXT.!{spuelsr asoq? o1 parldde , flJaJJoc aJoJ sT ?T lnq 'spue1s1 oTTag a?uoll aq1 pue pu€IsI ,{oJJeg qloq 3urpn1 cur 'adeC ?sem qlJoN 03 ournoqeog uoJJ spuelSr Tfe epnfcur oX sJoqlne auros ^q parTdde uaaq a3uTs seq aueu sTllJ . [Ogt Jo uoTlrpadxa ufpneg aql ,{q uf rl JalJe peulEu dT?uanbesqns .(S^Zll pue 669t uT raTdureqUeTTITM ^q peranotsTp ?srT J - 'S - r52,..,9t I r9t^oz $Z^oZ ) ErTerlsnV Jo I s€oc 1sa,rt qj.rou Jql Jio spueTs1".1o dno.r3"e sl oBetedrqJJV rerdul€O aqJ NOI I3NO OUJNI WiIson and Mr. D.G. Bathgate, visited the -islands in 1961. The second, a joint party from the W.A. Museumand the W.A. Herbarium, comprising Drs. W.D.L. Ride and G.M. Storr, Mr. R.D. Royce and two assistants visited in 1962. The most recent survey, tvhich forms the basis of this report' was arranged by the Department of Fisheries and Fauna. The two survey teams were based on the fisheries patrol vessel ttDampier'rcrewed by Mr. E"J. Littte (skipper) and Mr. J.D. Harman. The first team comprised Messrs. R.I.T. Prince' T. Evans (Department of Fisheries and Fauna) and W.K. Youngson (W.A. Museun). It was relieved by the second team of Dr. A.A. Burbidge, Mr. R.F. Dear (Department of Fisheries and Fauna) and Mr. R. Johnstone (W.A. Museum). The survey was carried out from June 1sth to June SOth' 197O. Surveys of the Muiron Islands (unpublished) and the Monte Bello Islands (Burbidge, 1971) were also carried out by these te ams. Available time precluded a proper survey of any island, but more time was spent exam.ining those islands which appeared likely to be disturbed in the near future for tourist and industrial developments, i.e. Legendre, Dolphin and Rosemary Islands. For comparatj-ve purposes, visits were also made to AngeI, Gidley, West Lewls and Enderby Islands, but no landings were made on East Lewis ' Malus or any of the smaller islands. II CLIMATE The Dampier Archipelago is in an area of low' unreliable rainfall. Although rain may fall at any tirire, the heaviest faIIs generally come from tropical cyclones during the period January to ApriI. Potential evaporation is between 90 and 1OO inches per annum' but relative hunidity is fairly high in comparison to inland areas, and heavy dews may be recorded during both sunner and winter. The closest station with long term meteorological records is Roebourne, and a summary of these records dating from 1887 is given in Table l. R-oebourneitself is situated approximately 30 niles east south east of Dampier and about 6 niles from the sea. Tenperatures on the islands may be slightly milder. III GEOLOGY AND TOPOGRAPHY The geology of the area has been rnappedat 1:25O'OOO scale by Kriewaldt, Horwitz, Ryan and Bock, and publ is hed by the Geological Survey of Weste rn Australia (Geological 2" 'uorxenlTS pue sTTos aqf uo Sulpuadap sad,{t Jo Jaqunu " oluT u,r{op ua){orq aq ueJ oBETOdTqJJV aq1 Jo suorlETJosse feroTJ eqI 'Z aIqEI ul punoJ eq ueJ spu€Isr aqf uo pa?JafToJ eJoTJ arll Jo lsTT alaTduoo V vuo'I J AI '?€rJ , Trr€J pue ^rof aJe spuefsl asaqJ, 'spuBS qJeeq SurBuTJJ eJp aJaql pue eJpueSa'I uo JnrJo saunp paATJap auos 'spueTsT J3TTeus euos ',tneH t pue aJqueIeO a.rpue3a1 sapnTtur auo?.salrrT.I TeXs€oC auaJolsrald Jo dn ap€ur ^Te8Jef sf qJTq^{ dnoJB pJrqX arlJ, 'saceTd auos uT E3s aqX of luaJ€lpe luasa.rd 'JncJo are sJJTTC TTTIs seITd IcoJ q8noqlf" 8ur1€Tnpun ',{Jo8eler eJou aJe ?nq ?.sJrJ aql uT asoql se dea?s se lou are (6 exeld) spuETsI asaq? ^TTecrqdeJSodoI 'spu€TsI ^Jerxasou puB ,{qJepug 's11sodap uo eArsualxa ,{TJTEJ eJ€ qcTq^{ qJeeq ?uac3J 'sIcoJ 8u13u1.rg:Jo sEaJe aAeq osTe spuefsT asaqJ snoeJeJJnl 'pu€TsI ^q peceTdar sT lTeseq aq1 -,{JEuesoU uO ,,{JeuresoU uo a^fsuafxa .llercadsa aJe pue JnJco osT? sfTTs alTJafoO 'spu€IsI ',{qJapuA 'sr,vral ,(JBurasoUpup snTeW lsaM puE XseA sepnTJuT dnoJB srqJ 'XTeseg adof lunofi aq1 '1T€sEq JTozo -JaloJd e Jo ,{TaBJeT dn epeu sT ,{Jo8alec puocas aqJ, 'paaJq o1 aJTI rrXEnbe Jaqlo pu€ sSoJJ SurMoIfe 'ureJ JafJE aufl auos JoJ Je?e.|^qsaJJ uTeluoJ 'Ta^eI s,{ef IeA aqJ E3s a^oqe laaJ Ogt o?. SuTSTr o3€Tedrqcrv aqf uT puETsf 1'saqBrq eli? sI urqdTod 'uae.{r?aq s,{eTTEA q1r,r,rsalrd IJoJ snourJoua Jo ,{TaBJET SurlsTsuoc po38nJ pue daals are ( I a?eId) spuEf sf esaql ,tf TpJ1qde.r3odo,1 'spu€TSr euos Jo sa8pa atl? uo JnJJo ufSTJo luoceJ Jo pu€s rlcEaq 'spu€fsr Jo seaJe fIeus auros uo JnJJo osIB saXrXe'"'j8adpue .se)I,{p ssrau8 olTueJS ueeeqcJV Jo seaJE f TEUTS alrJaTop ,dq papnrluf aJB aJ.,{rldouEJB au1 puE sTq? qfoq pu€ .oJqqeB 'spu€TSJ Jo s1sIsuoJ pueIsI uTqdToOJo JIeq urelsee aq; ,{qJepug pue sT,tra'I ?.seg Jo slJed TTEurs uo sJnJro osTe qcTLtl I 'JaTdur€O aJ^qdouEJB e sr od,{1' )if,oJ uI€lrr eqI Jo u^{ol. all? Jeau spueIST Jafleus pue ,{aTprt '1a8uy 'u1qd1oq sapnf3uT pue saATsnJluT JTozoJaloJd Jo .{TeBJUT slsTsuoJ lsJrJ oqI .saTJoB -e1ec aarql oXur ^TqgnoJ papr^rp eq u€o spueTsr erlJ '1pTe/,reTJ) .(tgg t ^q paTrdrroc selou ^JoXeueTdxa ' q?T^{ t-Og JS ?aeqs lJed pue Z-OS CS loaqs sarres Rock Piles_and_Outcrops. (Plate 3) a. Dolphin, Angel and Gidley Islands. These are characterised by small trees such as the kurraiong (Brg!hy-gf'r!en australe)' native fi8s.(Ficus platypoda and F. orbicularis) and pittosporum (Pi!!9: Epor[n pn-yrliraeof?eF). cfasses are connon, especially iis p-TiTrfiirTTiTo oTalunge-EEF63- n s ) and kanga ro o I r a ss (1lsmeoa " "g!BIGT. sucn as Trachvmene. spp. and cfiln5ers such as Mukia maderaspatanaand lg!:1I]gIs foetida occur in some areas. b" Lewis Islands, Enderby and Rosemary Islands. Rocky areas on these islands are less diverse, the trees being largely absent. Passif lora foetida was not recorded from these islands. c. Legendre Island. Lj.mestone outcrops have a simitar f .lora, Ficus and Pitlosporum being present along with grasEGiEnd climbers. 2. Slopes (PIate 4) This is the commonest type of situation in the Archi- pelaSo. It is basically a hummock Srassfand with Triodiariodia pungens the dominant species. Other softer grasEEE ETE6-6Ecur, for exanple, Eriacine obtusa and Themeda. Occasional shrubs' especialIy Acaci3 pyr!- EliTEln o Hakea lorea are scattered here and there. on 56fp-fin rsTii?-tfr?TEe pi ng box ( Eu9elyq !u ? patell ar i s ) and the variable-barked bloodwood (E. dichromophloia occur near the botton of some slopes. 3. Drainage Lines. (Plates 5 and 6) SmalI drainage lines contain a greater number and variety of shrubs and herbs, e.8. Sarcosteruna australg2 TcDhrosia rosea. Trichodesma zeylanicum, Sesbania cannabina and PLilotus spp.
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