SFG1690 V12

UTTARAKHAND PEY JAL SANSADHAN VIKAS EVAM NIRMAN NIGAM

Public Disclosure Authorized [GOVERNMENT OF UTTARAKHAND]

Environmental and Social Assessment with Management Plan for Sewerage Works OF MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Year : 2013-2014

Project Manager Programme Director AECOM India Pvt. Ltd. Construction & Maintenance Unit (Ganga) State Program Management Group 9th Floor, Infinity Tower C, Uttarakhand Peyjal Nigam National Ganga River Basin Authority DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase – II, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) 117, Indira Nagar, Dehradun Gurgaon, Haryana (Uttarakhand) Tableofcontains

1. Introduction ͳ 1.1 GangaCleanupInitiatives ͳ 1.2 TheGangaRiverBasinProject ͳ 1.3 TheprojectArea ʹ  2. ProjectDescription ͵ 2.1 AbouttheCity ͵ 2.2 GeographicalLocation Ͷ 2.3 Climate ͷ 2.4 Topography ͷ 2.5 Necessityofthisproject ͷ 2.6 Projectcomponents ͸  3. ApproachandMethodology ͻ 3.1 Methodology ͻ 3.2 Potentialenvironmentimpactsoftheproject 10  4. RegulationsandLegalFramework 12 4.1 ApplicableLawsandRegulationsȂEnvironmental 12 4.2 ApplicableLawsandRegulationsǦSocial 14 4.3 OtherLegislationsapplicabletoConstructionProjectsunderNGRBA 15  5. BaselineStatus 18 5.1 GeographicalLocation 18 5.2 Administrativedivisions 18 5.3 Climate 19 5.4 Topography 19 5.5 AirQuality 20 5.6 Noise 20 5.7 Drainage 23 5.8 BiodiversityandEcological 24 5.9 ProtectedAreas 25 5.10 Economicalactivities 32 5.11 Industrialactivities 32 5.12 Educationalactivities 33 5.13 Culturalactivities 33 5.14 Religiousactivities 33  6. EnvironmentalandSocialImpacts 36 6.1 PotentialEnvironmentalImpacts 36 6.2 Pre-constructionImpacts 36 6.3 ConstructionImpacts 39 6.4 OperationsandMaintenanceImpacts 44 6.5 SocialManagementPlan 45  7. EnvironmentandSocialDevelopmentOutcomesandIssues 48 7.1 SocialDevelopmentIssuesinProjectVicinityandSocialServicestobeprovidedby theproject 49 7.2 EMPCosts 61  8. Conclusion 62 Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

1. Introduction  TheriverGangahassignificanteconomic,environmentalandculturalvalueinIndia.Risingin theHimalayasandflowingintotheBayofBengal,therivertraversesƒcourseofmorethan 2,500 km through the plains of north and eastern India. The Ganga main stem Ȃ which also extends into parts of Nepal, China and Bangladesh Ȃ accounts for 26 per cent of India’s landmass,30percentofitswaterresourcesandmorethan40percentofitspopulation.The Ganga also serves as one of India’s holiest rivers whose cultural and spiritual significance transcendstheboundariesofthebasin.  Despite its importance, extreme pollution pressures from increasing population and industrializationposeƒgreatthreattothebiodiversityandenvironmentalsustainabilityofthe Ganga, with detrimental effects on both the quantity and quality of its flows. Discharge of untreated sewage and industrial wastewater, non-point pollution sources from religious activitiesalongtheriver,agricultureandlivestockaswellaspoorsolidwastemanagementare themaincausesforpollutioninriverGanga.  1.1 GangaCleanupInitiatives  The Government of India (GoI) has undertaken clean-up initiatives in the past. The most prominentofsucheffortswastheGangaActionPlan,launchedin1985latercomplementedby ƒ similar plan for the Yamuna, the biggest tributary of the Ganga. These programmes have faced significant public scrutiny and, despite some gains made in slowing the rate of water quality degradation, they have been widely perceived as failure. The main shortcomings of these initiatives were: (1) inadequate attention to institutional dimensions, including the absenceofƒlong-tem-basinplanningandimplementationframework;(2)littleeffortmadein addressing systemic weakness in the critical sectors of urban wastewater, solid waste management,environmentalmonitoring,regulationandwaterresourcesmanagement;and(3) inadequate scale, coordination and prioritization of investments, with little emphasis on ensuringtheirsustainability.Theseprogramsalsodidnotpaysufficientattentiontothesocial dimensionsofriverclean-up,failingtorecognizetheimportanceofconsultation,participation and awareness-raising. The lessons drawn from these prior experiences indicate that improving water quality in the Ganga cannot be achieved by pluggingthe infrastructure gap alone.Rather,anyeffectiveinitiativewillhavetoadoptƒthree-prongedapproach:  x Establishingƒbasin-level,multiǦsectoralframeworkforaddressingpollutionintheriver (includingnational/statepoliciesandriverbasinmanagementinstitutions); x Making relevant institutions operational and effective (e.g. with the capacity to plan, implementandmanageinvestmentsandenforceregulations);and, x Implementing ƒ phased program of prioritized infrastructure investments (with emphasisonsustainableoperationsandmobilizationofcommunitysupport)  1.2 TheGangaRiverBasinProject  As ƒ major first step in achieving the above, the Government of India (GoI) constituted the NationalGangaRiverBasinAuthority(NGRBA),on20thFebruary2009,forthecomprehensive managementoftheriver.TheNGRBAwilladoptƒriver-basinapproachandhasbeengivenƒ multi-sector mandate to address both water quantity and quality aspects. The NGRBA has resolved that by year 2020, no untreated municipal sewage or industrial effluents will be dischargedintoRiverGanga.  The NGRBA program will finance infrastructure investments to reduce pollution loads at priorityontheriver.Theinvestmentsareintendedtoexemplify,amongotherattributes,the

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highstandardsoftechnicalpreparationandimplementation,sustainabilityofoperationsand publicparticipation.ThemajorityofinvestmentsintheNGRBAprogramareexpectedtobein the wastewater sector, particularly in wastewater treatment plants and sewerage networks. Investmentswillalsobesupportedinindustrialpollutioncontrolandprevention(e.g.common effluent treatment plants), and river front management (e.g. improvement of the built environmentalongriverstretches,improvementsofsmallGhatsandelectriccrematoriaand theconservationandpreservationofecologicallysensitivesites).Manyinvestmentsarelikely to combine elements of more than one of these sectors. An investment framework has been finalizedfortheselectionofprograminvestments.  Theobjectivesofthisinvestmentsframeworkareto:  x ProvideƒfilterforalltheNGRBAinvestments,forensuringthattheselectedinvestments arewell-preparedandamongstthemosteffectiveinreducingthepollutionloads x Maketransparentthedecisionmakingprocessoninvestmentselection;and, x Ensurethattheinvestmentsareimplementedinƒsustainablemanner.  1.3 TheprojectArea  Muni-ki-RetiDhalwalaliesinthefoothillsofHimalayas,attheconfluenceofRiverGangafrom NorthƬChandrabhagaRiverfromsouth.LocatedinTehriǦGarhwalregionofUttarakhandon thenationalhighwayNH-58atƒdistanceofabout45kmfromDehradun,theCapitalCityof Uttarakhand, Muni Ki Reti is one of the river side town and important tourist place in UttarakhandState.Theholycity;RishikeshandHaridwararelocatedataboutʹkmand27km respectivelyawayfromthetownthroughwhichholyriverGangapasses.  ThetownsMuniKiReti-Dhalwala,inthestateUttarakhandarebecomingimportantbeingone ofthemajortouristattractionplacesofriverGangasituatedonBadrinathHighway.TheMuni ki Reti town is one of the beginning points for Char Dham Yatra. As Muni Ki Reti-Dhalwala towns have not been covered under any other town level sanitation programme therefore ULBsisenthusiasticallyhandlingthetownsanitationplandevelopmentandimplementation. ULBlacknecessarytechnicalcapacitytounderstandandmanagetheissuesundersanitation thereforethereisƒneedtostrengthenthiscapacity.Thereareƒnumberofissuesrangingfrom coverage, quality, infrastructure, awareness, institutional role clarity, financial aspects and human resources that are affecting the status of urban sanitation in the towns. The city sanitationinvestmentplanintendstoaddresstheseissues.

In absence of well-organized sewerage system inthe town, the waste water generated from domestic sewage and kitchen waste normally find their way to the existing drains which ultimatelyflowintotheGangaRiver.Opendefecationbythesideofthesurfacedrain(though limited) along with discharge generated by washing of clothes Ƭ discharge from hotels Ƭ ashramsultimatelyleadingtoriverGangaisalsoƒcommonsight,whichaddsfurtherpollution to the river. People reside near to the river and ƒ portion of the pilgrims visiting the holy BadrinathTempletotakebathintheriverandasƒresultthewaterbodybecomesƒconstant sourceofcontamination.Allthesecumulativepollutionhasdeterioratedtheconditionofthe river.

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2. ProjectDescription  2.1 AbouttheCity  MuniKiReti–DhalwalaisinTehriGarhwaldistrictintheIndianstateofUttarakhand.Muniki RetiwasdeclaredanUrbanLocalBody(ULB)inyear1949.Thetown’sLocalBodyusknownas Muni ki Reti Nagar Panchayat and Dhalwala Gram Panchayat. The towns lies close to pilgrimagetownofRishikesh,andismostknownforƒhostofashramsinthearea.  Beingholyandancient,lakhsofpilgrimsvisittheMunikiRetiduringKumbh/Ardhkumbh, Kanwar Yatras during Shivratri and many holy occasions like Somvati Amavasya, Purnima, MakarSankrantietc.Veryfamouspedestrianbridge“RamȂJhula”connectingboththebanks ofriverGangaisinMunikiReti.ItissaidthatƒbridgewasconstructedbyLordRamainhis time. There are large number of Ashrams, Temples Ƭ hotels located at Muni Ki Reti. During ShivratrilakhsofpilgrimscrosstheriverGangabyRamJhulatoPourGangaJaltoLordShivaat ǦNeelkanthMahadevtemple.  Muni Ki Reti-Dhalwala town are fast developing town of the state of Uttarakhand along HaridwarǦShriBadrinathroad(NH-58).Thesearegrowingasƒtransitiontownsandworks ascentralplacefortouristpurpose.LocationofMunikiRetiwithinGangaBasinisprovidedin Figure2.1.   

Muni ki Reti

  Figure2.1:LocationofProjectAreawithinGangaBasin  AveragedryweatherflowinriverGangaandtributariesismentionedintable2.1below:

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 Table2.1:DataofRiverGangaandTributariesinProjectArea Sl. Name of Max Lean Catchment High Notes No. River Discharge Discharge Area Flood (sq.km) Level 1. Holy Ganga 12,000cumec 458cumec 1750.00 341.72M At Triveni ghat River Rishikesh, Uttrakhand. 2. Chandrabhaga 683cumec 50cusec 180.00 347.56M  River  

 Figure2.2:MapofTehriGarhwal  2.2 GeographicalLocation  Muni-ki-RetiDhalwalaliesattheconfluenceofRiverGangafromNorthƬChandrabhagaRiver fromsouth.LocatedinTehri-GarhwalregionofUttaranchalonthenationalhighwayNH-58at ƒdistanceofabout45kmfromDehradun,theCapitalCityofUttarakhand,MuniKiRetiisone of the river side town and important tourist place in Uttarakhand State. The holy city; RishikeshandHaridwararelocatedataboutʹkmand27kmrespectivelyawayfromthetown throughwhichholyriverGangapasses.

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Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

 Figure2.3:LocationofMunikiRetiƬDhalwala

2.3 Climate  ThetownexperiencescoldwintersduringNovemberȂFebruary,withtemperaturesranging from 5-8°C and summers from May Ȃ June with temperatures varying from 20-30°C. The monsoonperiodextendsfromJunetoSeptemberwithaveragerainfallrecordedis435mm.  2.4 Topography

The Muni Ki Reti-Dhalwala town is at ƒ latitude and longitude of 30°04’NƬ 78°10’E respectively with hilly terrain slopping towards river Chandrabhaga on the right side of the townandRiverGangaalongtheNationalHighway.ThesacredGangaRiverpassesthroughthe saidtown.Onaverage,thetown’saltitudeis356metersabovemeansealevel.Howeverthere is ƒ wide variation in the town’s elevation ranging with ƒ difference of 50  between the highestandlowestpointinthetown.ThecityissurroundedbysevenprominentShivalikhills andƒmaintouristdestinationwithrespecttothesacredriverGanges.  2.5 Necessityofthisproject  MuniKiRetiȂDhalwalaareriversidetownsandimportanttouristplaceinUttarakhandState. The population of Muni Ki Reti and Dhalwala towns has increased considerably in past few years. Moreover, being one of the beginning points of “Char Dham Yatra” and an important touristplace,thetownshaveconsiderableinfluxofpilgrims.Thishasresultedinincreasein

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Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

wastewatergenerationinthesetowns.TheexistingseweragenetworkinMunikiRetiwaslaid during GAP I, around year 1986. Thereafter, there is no planned extension of sewerage network in the town. The sewerage network for Dhalwala town is although recently laid (duringyear2009-11),butthehouseholdarenotyetgivenaccess,reportedlyduetoabsence ofwell-definedoutfall.Moreover,eveninareashavingsewernetwork,notallthepopulationis connected tothe network.  segment of population isdepending upon community toilets or defecating in open. Therefore, ƒ substantial quantum of wastewater generated in towns is being discharged in open or nearby drains, which ultimately joins river Ganga. Since the wastewater remains untreated till final disposal in river, it is adversely impacting the river waterquality. 

  RawsewerdrainmeetingwithriverGanga Animalseatingun-burntHumanbodyat GangaRiverFront  Therefore, there is an urgent need to upgrade the existing sewerage infrastructure and communitysanitationinthetowns..Theentiretownareashallbecoveredunderwellplanned anddesignedseweragecollectionandconveyancenetwork,with100%populationconnected to the system. Thiswastewater shall be treated to the design effluent standards before final disposalinriver,soastomaintaintheriverwaterquality.  2.6 Projectcomponents  Theprojectcomponentscanbebroadlydividedinthreecomponentsviz.a)SewerNetwork,b) SewagePumpingStationandc)SewageTreatmentPlant.Theproposedschemeforrenovation, up-gradation and augmentation of existing sewerage infrastructure isdiscussedin following sections:  a. SewerNetwork  Sewer networks are designed to collect Ƭ convey the wastewater generated in properties acrossthetowntoitstreatment/disposalsite.  Sewer networks are planned Ƭ designed to achieve its intended objective throughout its lifetimewithoutanyrisktopublichealth,publicsafetyƬenvironment.Proposedschemefor sewernetworkincludesfollowing:  1. Layingofnewseweragenetworkinun-seweredareas. 2. Capacityaugmentationofsewerswhosecapacitiesareinsufficienttocarrydesignflow. 3. Replacementofdamagedsectionsofsewers. 4. Integrationofthenewnetworkwithexistingnetwork 5. Ensure100%sewerageconnectionforentirewastewatergeneratedintown.Usageof onsitedisposalsystemshallbediscouragedinphasedmanner. 

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6. Stormwatershallbeseparatedfromseweragenetwork.Allinterconnectionsofstorm waternetworkwithseweragenetworkshallbecutoff.Existingstormwaterdrainage networktoberehabilitated. 7. Desiltingofexistingsewers. 8. Minimum diameter of sewers is recommended to be 200 mm, primarily for three reasons,i)EaseincleaningƬmaintenanceii)Sewersininitialstretchesare likelyto suffer from silting in absence of adequate flow (even during peak flow conditions) resulting in reduction of carrying capacity, thus providing higher diameter sewer wouldensuresatisfactoryperformanceofseweroverlongerdurationandiii)thevalue of infiltration into sewer network is an approximation and the infiltration could be higherduringrainsasthegroundwaterlevelgoesup;thusprovidinghigherdiameter sewercantakecareofhigherinfiltration.  Estimatedlengthofsewersunderdifferentcategoriesisprovidedintable2.2below: Table2.2:Estimatedlengthofsewers Town Approx.LengthofNewSewersinareasdeprivedof SewerNetwork(meters) *MunikiReti 8495 Dhalwala 21029 ȗThisincludesareaofRishikeshtown,forwhichschemeistobedesignedinthisproject.  b. SewagePumpingStation(SPS)  Pumpingstationarerequiredtoliftthesewagesoastodischargethecollectedsewageǣ  a) To another gravity sewer, whenever the depth of sewers are excessive leading to difficultyinconstructionand/oruneconomical. b) Fortreatmentofwastewater c) Fordisposalofwastewater  A) ExistingSPS  There is only one Sewage pumping station(SPS) in Muni Ki Reti and none in Dhalwala. The existingSPSwasbuiltinyear1986.TheSPSislocatedwithinmunicipalboundaryofRishikesh. The SPS is of 8.0  diameter with approximately 1.4  of liquid depth with horizontal centrifugal pumps sets installed. The SPS has ƒ wet well to collect sewage and ƒ dry well whereinthepumpssetsareinstalled.Itreceivessewagegeneratedandcollectedinnetwork fromMuniKiRetitown(i/cpartofRishikeshȌ 

 ExistingSewagePumpingStation  The SPS will require civil renovation Ȁ rehabilitation works associated with dismantling of existing partition wall, centrifugal pumps and provision of new pumps. Existing E&M equipmentareproposedtobereplacedsuitingthedesignflowrequirementsofyear2030.

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 B) NewSPS  New SPS is proposed in Dhalwala town along Chandrabhaga river. This SPS shall receive wastewaterofDhalwlatownthroughƒgravitytrunksewerandMunikiRetiƬRishikeshtowns (partially)throughrisingmain.  The scheme of collection, intermediate pumping and terminal pumping is depicted in figure below: 

  C) SewageTreatmentPlant  ThereisnoexistingsewagetreatmentplantinMunikiRetiȂDhalwalatownsatpresent.The sewagecollectedfromMunikiRetiandpartofRishikeshareaiscollectedinSPSatMunikiReti andpumpedtoSTPat“LakkarGhat”areainRishikesh.  ItisproposedtoconstructƒnewSTPunderthisschemeforsewagegeneratedinMunikiReti andDhalwalatowns.SewageoffourwardsofRishikeshhasalsobeenincludedinthisscheme. TheSTPisproposedtobeconstructedat“ChorPaniArea”locationinDhalwalatown.Theland fortheproposedSTPhasbeenidentifiedinconsultationwithULBofficials.CopyofNOCfrom GramPanchayatDhalwalaisattachedasAnnexure-1. 

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3. ApproachandMethodology  3.1 Methodology  AsperEnvironmentalandSocialManagementFramework(NGRBA,2011),theriverpollution mitigation projects under the NGRBA is anticipated to encounter ƒ variety of environmental and social problems. Hence, an environmental and social assessment with corresponding managementplansfortheproposedprojectofsewerageworksinMunikiRetiǦDhalwalahas beenconductedusingthefollowingmethodology:   Secondary data analysis Field survey along with stakeholder’s  and public consultations    Public consultations with  Discussion on consultation  draft design findings & designing    Screening activity      Identification & assessment of  environmental impacts    Environment Management Plan     Figure3.1:Flowchartdescribingthestepsadoptedforprojectimpactassessment  a. Defining the project area and carrying out scoping in the field: Team undertook the field survey and transect walk of the Muni ki Reti Ȃ Dhalwala area to develop the understandingoftheproposedproject.Fieldvisitshelpedtounderstandthelocalknowledge andwerevaluableinfindingalternativesthathelpavoidoratleastreducethemagnitudeand severityofadverseimpacts.  b. Survey of the host populationǣ With the help of questionnaires, local people were interviewedingroups.widerangeofpotentiallyaffectedpeoplewereinterviewedinMuniki Reti including street vendors, residents of households, residents of temporary settlements, shop keepers, hospital patients, hospital staff, etc. Both men and women were interviewed fromdifferentsectionsofthesociety.Teamundertookthreefieldvisitstocarryoutthesurvey andunderstandthegroundsituation.Theintervieweeswereaskedabouttheirawarenessof theproject,theirresponsetoitandtheprojectisaffectingthem(duringconstructionphase) andhowitwillaffectthem(aftercompletionphase).Alsotheywereaskedaboutthemitigation planstheyhaveadoptedorareplanningtoadopt,suggestionsforimprovementandanypublic grievances.Surveyswereconductedalongthepathofconstructionsite.  

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c. Discussion with the key stakeholders: Most of the important key stakeholders were interactedduring informal and formal discussionswiththem. All the associated government departments were visited to collect the relevant data and their feedback on the project activities.  d. Screening: Screening is undertaken in the feasibility stages of project development. Thepurposeofscreeningistoscreenout“nosignificantimpacts”fromthosewithsignificant impacts and get ƒ broad picture of the nature, scale and magnitude of the issues. Team conductedscreeningprocessusingthescreeningchecklistformatprovidedinESMFreportof NGRBA,whichisdescribedinsubsequentsection.  e. Identify and assess the impacts: Based on the analysis of the data gathered from field survey, stakeholder interaction/ consultation and secondary sources, issues related to the environmental and social sectors were been identified. The impacts so identified were compared withthe existing baseline environmental and social condition ofthe study region. Theimpactsoftheactivitiesaremostlypositivewithfewadverseimpacts.  f.Environmentmitigationplan:Basedontheenvironmentalandsocialissuesidentified,and recommendanymeasuresneededtoprevent,minimize,mitigate,orcompensateforadverse impacts and improve environmental performance. The mitigation plans is suggested in all threestages:designingphase,constructionphaseand,operationandmaintenancephase.  3.2 Potentialenvironmentimpactsoftheproject  Fromthescreeningformat(asperNGRBAguidelines)itisconcludedthattheproposedproject will have low negative environmental and social impacts. These impacts shall be further reducedbysitespecificEnvironmentalandSocialManagementPlan(ESMP)implementation. ThelandidentifiedforSTPSiteisforestland.Itisƒforestlandbutitisnotclosetoaneco- sensitivearealikenationalpark,wildlifesanctuaryetc.However,touseitforconstructionof STPitwillrequireForestClearanceasperForest(Conservation)Act,1980(WithAmendments madein1988)andForest(Conservation)Rules,2003(WithAmendmentsmadein2004).  Theproposedprojectsiteisƒforestlandwithsomebushesonlyandwillnotresultinlossof income from agricultural land, plantation or other existing land-use. The construction of proposed project will not require relocation of households or displace any tribal settlement Projectshallnotresultinreductionofaccesstotraditionalandriverdependentcommunities (s).Moreover,thereisnotribalsettlementinoraroundtheprojectarea.Thus,therewillbe minimaladversesocialimpactsduetotheproject.  PublicconsultationwasheldwiththepeopleofMunikiRetiǦDhalwalaanditwasgenerally foundthattheyhadnoobjectionregardingproposedlocationofSTP.However,theywereof theopinionthattheywillnotacceptanySTPwithinthemaintownarea.Theyweregenerally satisfiedthattheprojectwillresultinimprovedsanitationfacilityofthetowningeneral.  Thus,itisconcludedthattheproposedprojectcanbecategorisedasƒLowImpactCategory project as it is likely to cause minimal or no adverse environmental impacts on human populations or physical environment and as per EIA act no EIA clearance is required from MoEF.MinutesofmeetingwithMunikiRetiNagarPanchayatandDhalwalaGramPanchayatis attachedasAnnexure-2.  The proposed project will not have any significant environmental impact but will rather improvehealthandsanitationfacilityofthetown.Inadditiontoprojectwillalsoenhancethe aestheticsoftheentiretownandleadtoreducedpollutionloadingintheRiverGanga.  Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 10 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

  ConsultationwithDhalwalaPradhanfor DumpingofwastetoRiver locationofSTPsite

  PublicconsultationatCrematoria ConsultationwithBusinessgroup  

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 11 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

4. RegulationsandLegalFramework  4.1 ApplicableLawsandRegulationsȂEnvironmental  The Government of India has laid down various policy guidelines, regulations, acts and legislations pertaining to sustenance and protection of environment and its various components.ThefollowingarethekeyregulationsinIndiaapplicableforvariousdevelopment Projects. x TheEnvironment(Protection)Act,1986 x TheAncientMonumentsandArchaeologicalSitesandRemainsAct,1958 x WildlifeProtectionAct,1972 x Water(PreventionandControlofPollution)Act,1974anditsamendments x Air(PreventionandControlofPollution)Act,1981 x Forest(Conservation)Act,1980anditsamendments x TheEnvironment(Protection)Act,1986 x TheMotorVehicleAct1988 x HazardousWastes(ManagementƬHandling)Rules,1989 x TheMunicipalSolidWastes(ManagementandHandling)Rules,2000  TheEnvironment(Protection)Act,1986  TheEnvironment(Protection)Act,popularlyknownasEPAct,isanumbrellalegislationthat supplements existing environmental regulations. Empowered by the EP Act, the Ministry of Environment Ƭ Forests (MoEF), Government of India has issued the following notifications regulatingsitingofProjectsanditsoperation,procuringclearancetoestablishindustriesand development of Projects with appropriate EIA studies, coastal zone regulations and other aspectsofenvironmentcare:  x EmpowerstheGovernmentofIndiatomakerulestoregulateenvironmentalpollution bystipulatingstandardsandmaximumallowablelimitstopreventair,water,noise,soil andotherenvironmentalpollutants x Prohibitsoperationsthatemitpollutantsinexcessofstandards x Regulates handling of hazardous substances and identifies persons responsible for dischargesandpollutionprevention x ItdealswithoffencescommittedbyGovernmentDepartments x Formulated Environmental (Protection)Rules, 1986, Hazardous Wastes (Management andHandling)Rules,1989andManufacture,StorageƬImportofHazardousChemical Rules,1989inaccordancewiththesections6,ͺand25ofEnvironmentProtectionAct.  Water(PreventionandControlofPollution)Actof1974,Rulesof1975,and amendments:-Any component of the project havingpotential to generate sewage or trade effluentwillcomeunderthepurviewoftheWater(PreventionandControlofPollution)Actof 1974,Rulesof1975,andamendments.SuchprojectshavetoobtainConsenttoEstablishment (CTE)underSection25oftheActfromStatePollutionControlBoard(SPCB)beforestarting implementation and Consent to Operate (CTO) before commissioning. The Water Act also requirestheoccupierofsuchsubprojectstotakemeasuresforabatingthepossiblepollutionof receivingwaterbodies.ThefollowingsubprojectsrequireCTEandCTOfromSPCB:  (i)Neworaugmentationofwatertreatmentplants;and (ii)Neworaugmentationofsewagetreatmentplants.  Air(PreventionandControlofPollution)Actof1981,Rulesof1982andamendments:- ThesubprojectshavingpotentialtoemitairpollutantsintotheatmospherehavetoobtainCTE Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 12 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

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underSection21oftheAir(PreventionandControlofPollution)Actof1981fromSPCBbefore starting implementation and CTO before commissioning the project. The occupier of the project/facility has the responsibility to adopt necessary air pollution control measures for abatingairpollution.ThefollowingrequireCTEandCTOfromSPCB:  (i)Dieselgenerators;and (ii)Hotmixplants,wetmixplants,stonecrushers,etc.,ifinstalledforconstruction. EmissionsanddischargesshallcomplywithstandardsnotifiedbytheCPCB.  Forest Legislations: - The government’s forest legislation dates back to enactment of the IndianForestActof1927.ThisActempowersStateofUttarakhandtodeclare“anyforestland or waste-land, which is the property of government or over which the government has proprietaryrightsortothewholeoranypartoftheforest-producedofwhichthegovernment isentitled,”ƒreservedforestorprotectedforest.TheActalsoallowsgovernmentcontrolover forestandlandsnotbeingthepropertyofthegovernment.  Forreservedforestsandvillage-forests,activitieslikeclearingorbreakingupofanylandfor cultivation or for any other purpose, damage to vegetation and/or trees and quarrying or removing any forest produce are prohibited.For protected forests,with theprovision of the Act,StateofUttarakhandmakesrulestoregulateactivitieslikecuttingoftreesandremovalof forestproduce;clearingorbreakingupoflandforcultivationor anyotherpurpose;andfor protectionandmanagementofanyportionofprotectedforest.  AccordingtotheAct,StateofUttarakhandrequirespriorapprovalofMoEFfortheuseofforest land for non-forest purposes (means the breaking up or clearing of any forest land) or for assigning lease to any private person or agency not controlled by government. The Forest (Conservation)Rulesof2003issuedunderthisActprovidespecificprocedurestobefollowed forconversionofforestlandfornon-forestpurposes.FortheproposedprojectͳHaofforest landisrequiredtodivertforconstructionofSTP.  Conversion of forest lands that are part of National Parks and/or Sanctuaries and Tiger Reserve areas (notified under Indian Wildlife [Protection] Act of 1972) is not permitted. In exceptional case, State of Uttarakhand requires consent of the Indian Board of Wildlife for obtainingapprovaloftheStateLegislatureforde-notificationoftheareaasƒsanctuary.The StateorNationalWildlifeBoardunderMoEFistheauthoritywhichwillgrantƒ“NoObjection Certificate”foranyconstructionwithinƒsensitivearea.Every useragency,whoproposesto useanyforestlandfornon-forestpurposesandusebufferzoneofthewildlifeprotectedareas forotherpurposes,mustapplyforforestand/orwildlifeclearance.  Cutting of trees in non-forest land, irrespective of land ownership, also requires permission from the State Forest and Environment Department. Afforestationto the extent of two trees pereachtreefelledismandatory.  Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Rules, of 1959 and amendmentsof2011:-TheRulesdesignateareaswithinƒradiusof100meters(m)and300  from the “protected property” as “protected area” and “controlled area” respectively. No development activity (including mining operations and construction) is permitted in the “protectedarea”andalldevelopmentactivitieslikelytodamagetheprotectedpropertyarenot permitted in the “controlled area” without prior permission of the Archaeological Survey of India(ASI).Protectedpropertyincludesthesite,remains,andmonumentsprotectedbyASIor theStateDepartmentofArchaeology.  For the subproject, activities within Archaeologically Protected Areas will be avoided. If activitiesaretobedoneinthecontrolledareaofprotectedproperties,thentheexecutingand Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 13 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

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implementing agencies and the line department will take the necessary No Objection CertificatesfromASI.  TheEnvironmentalImpactAssessmentNotifications2006anditsAmendments  TheEIANotificationofMoEFdatedof2009issilentontherequirementofanenvironmental clearanceforƒseweragenetworkproject.  4.2 ApplicableLawsandRegulationsǦSocial  All strategic interventions on human development, spread across all social issues, need directivesofpoliciesandlegalsupporttooperationalizetheappropriateactions.Thesepolicies and legislations help to overcome the constraints and support administrator, implementer, communityandindividualindeliveryofjustice.ThissectionincludestheNationalpoliciesand Actsasdetailedunder:  NationalPoliciesandActs i)NationalTribalPolicy,2006 ii)NationalResettlementandRehabilitationPolicy,2007 iii)Land(Acquisition)Act1894(asamended) iv)ForestRightsAct,2006  TheNationalTribalPolicy(2006) ThePolicyhasthefollowingobjectives:  RegulatoryProtection x Providinganenvironmentconducivetothepreservationoftraditionalandcustomary systemsandregimeofrightsandconcessionsenjoyedbydifferentScheduleTribe(ST) communities,andreconciliationofmodesofsocio-economicdevelopmentwiththese. x Preventing alienation of land owned by STs and restoring possession of wrongfully alienatedlands. x ProtectionandvestingofrightsofSTsonforestlandsandotherforestrightsincluding ownership over Minor Forest Produce (MFP), minerals and water bodies through appropriatelegislationsandconversionofallforestvillagesintorevenuevillages. x Protectionofpoliticalrightstoensuregreaterandactiveparticipationoftribalpeoples inpoliticalbodiesatalllevels.  NationalResettlementandRehabilitationPolicyforProjectAffectedFamiliesǦ2007  Thenationalpolicyonresettlementandrehabilitationrepresentsƒsignificantmilestoneinthe development of ƒ systematic approach to addressing resettlement. The policy establishes ƒ Guidelineforextendingadditionalassistancetoproject-affectedfamilies,overandabovethe compensationforaffectedassetsprovidedundertheLandAcquisition(LA)Act.  This policy strikes ƒ balance between the need for land for developmental activities and protecting the interests of land owners and others. The benefits under the new policy are available to all Affected Persons (AP) and families whose land, property or livelihood is adverselyaffectedbylandacquisition,involuntarydisplacementduetonaturalcalamities,etc.  LandAcquisitionAct,1894(AsModifiedUntil1stSeptember,1985)  TheActisapplicabletothewholeofIndiaexceptthestateofJammuandKashmir.Thepolicy providesƒbroadguidelineofprocedureoflandacquisition.TheLandAcquisition(LA)Actof

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1984iscommonlyusedforacquisitionoflandforanypublicpurpose.ItisusedattheState level with State amendments made to suit local requirements. Expropriation of and compensation for land, houses and other immovable assets are carried out under the Land Acquisition(Amendment)Act,1984.TheActdealswithcompulsoryacquisitionofprivateland for public purpose. The LA Act does not contain any provision specifically dealing with resettlementincludingincomerestorationaspects.  ForestRightsAct2006  TheActbasicallydoestwothings: x Grants legal recognition to the rights of traditional forest dwelling communities, partiallycorrectingtheinjusticecausedbytheforestlaws. x Makes ƒ beginning towards giving communities and the public ƒ voice in forest and wildlifeconservation  4.3 OtherLegislationsapplicabletoConstructionProjectsunderNGRBA  Constructionstagegenerallyinvolvesequity,safetyandpublichealthissues.Theconstruction agenciesthereforewillberequiredtocomplywithlawsoftheland,whichincludeinteralia, thefollowing:  x Workmen’s Compensation Act 1923 (the Act provides for compensation in case of injurybyaccidentarisingoutofandduringthecourseofemployment); x Payment ofGratuity Act, 1972 (gratuity is payable to an employee under the Act on satisfactionofcertainconditionsonseparationifanemployeehascompletedͷyears); x Employees PF and Miscellaneous Provision Act 1952(theActprovidesformonthly contributionsbytheemployerplusworkers); x Maternity Benefit Act, 1951 (the Act provides for leave and some other benefits to womenemployeesincaseofconfinementormiscarriage,etc.); x Contract Labor (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 (the Act provides for certain welfaremeasurestobeprovidedbythecontractortocontractlabour); x MinimumWagesAct,1948(theemployerissupposedtopaynotlessthantheMinimum WagesfixedbytheGovernmentasperprovisionsoftheAct); x PaymentofWagesAct,1936(itlaysdownastobywhatdatethewagesaretobepaid, whenitwillbepaidandwhatdeductionscanbemadefromthewagesoftheworkers); x EqualRemunerationAct,1979(theActprovidesforpaymentofequalwagesforwork ofequalnaturetoMaleandFemaleworkersandnotformakingdiscriminationagainst Femaleemployees); x PaymentofBonusAct,1965(theActprovidesforpaymentsofannualbonussubjectto ƒminimumof83.3%ofwagesandmaximumof20%ofwages); x Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 (the Act lays down the machinery and procedure for resolution of industrial disputes, inwhat situations ƒ strike or lock-out becomes illegal and what are the requirements for laying off or retrenching the employees or closing downtheestablishment); x IndustrialEmployment(StandingOrders)Act;1946(theActprovidesforlayingdown rulesgoverningtheconditionsofemployment); x Trade Unions Act, 1926 (the Act lays down the procedure for registration of trade unionsofworkersandemployers.ThetradeunionsregisteredundertheActhavebeen givencertainimmunitiesfromcivilandcriminalliabilities); x ChildLabour(ProhibitionandRegulation)Act,1986(theActprohibitsemployment ofchildrenbelow14yearsofageincertainoccupationsandprocessesandprovidesfor regulationofemploymentofchildreninallotheroccupationsandprocesses.Employment ofchildlabourisprohibitedinBuildingandConstructionIndustry);

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x Inter-State Migrant Workmen’s (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service)Act,1979(theinter-statemigrantworkers,inanestablishmenttowhichthis Act becomes applicable, are required to be provided certain facilities such as housing, medicalaid,travellingexpensesfromhometotheestablishmentandback,etc.); x The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and ConditionsofService)Act,1996andtheCessActof1996(alltheestablishmentswho carryonanybuildingorotherconstructionworkandemploys10ormoreworkersare coveredunderthisAct;theemployeroftheestablishmentisrequiredtoprovidesafety measures at the building or construction work and other welfare measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, housing accommodation for Workers near the workplace,etc.); x TheFactoriesAct,1948(theActlaysdowntheprocedureforapprovalofplansbefore settingupƒfactory,healthandsafetyprovisions,welfareprovisions,workinghoursand rendering information-regarding accidents or dangerous occurrences to designated authorities); x Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989 (the Rules govern handling,movementanddisposalofhazardouswaste); x Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules 1989, amended 1994 and 2000 (the Rules provide indicative criteria for hazardous chemicals and require occupiers to identify major accident hazards and prepare on-site and off-site emergencyplans)  SummaryofEnvironmentalClearancesrequiredisgivenbelowinTable4.1

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Table4.1:SummaryofEnvironmentalClearancesrequiredfortheproject Components Act NOCrequired ActionRequired

Sewage Water (prevention Consent to Establishment (CTE) and BasedonprojectreviewandsiteinspectiontheUEPPCBprovidesCTE treatment plant and control of Consent to Operation (CTO) from beforeconstruction. (STP) pollution)Act,1974Ƭ UttarakhandEnvironmentProtectionand   PollutioncontrolBoard(UEPPCB) Thedisposalstandardstobemetduringtheoperationwillbestipulated. Air (Prevention and Subsequent to completion of construction, CTO is issued confirming Control of Pollution) complianceofCTEconditions,ifany. Actof1981,Rulesof 1982 and RenewalofCTOduringoperation BasedontheperformanceoftheSTPanditscompliancewiththedisposal amendments standardsCTOwillberenewedeveryyear.

Forest Land for IndianforestAct1980 DiversionofForestland AccordingtotheIndianforestAct,StateofUttarakhandrequiresprior STP approvalofMoEFfortheuseofforestlandfornon-forestpurposes(means thebreakinguporclearingofanyforestland)orforassigningleasetoany private person or agency not controlled by government. The Forest (Conservation) Rules of 2003 issued under this Act, provide specific procedures to be followed for conversion of forest land for non-forest purposes.  Conversion of forest lands that are part of National Parks and/or Sanctuaries and Tiger Reserve areas (notified under Indian Wildlife [Protection]Actof1972)isnotpermitted.Inexceptionalcase,Stateof UttarakhandrequiresconsentoftheIndianBoardofWildlifeforobtaining approval of the State Legislature for de-notification of the area as ƒ sanctuary.TheStateorNationalWildlifeBoardunderMoEFisthe authoritywhichwillgrantƒ“NoObjectionCertificate”foranyconstruction withinƒsensitivearea.Everyuseragency,whoproposestouseanyforest landfornon-forestpurposesandusebufferzoneofthewildlifeprotected areasforotherpurposes,mustapplyforforestand/orwildlifeclearance. 

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5. BaselineStatus  5.1 GeographicalLocation  Muni-ki-RetiDhalwalaliesattheconfluenceofRiverGangafromNorthƬChandrabhagaRiver fromsouth.LocatedinTehri-GarhwalregionofUttaranchalonthenationalhighwayNH-58at ƒdistanceofabout45kmfromDehradun,theCapitalCityofUttarakhand,MuniKiRetiisone of the river side town and important tourist place in Uttarakhand State. The holy city; RishikeshandHaridwararelocatedataboutʹkmand27kmrespectivelyawayfromthetown throughwhichholyriverGangapasses.  MuniKiRetiisƒsmalltowninTehriGarhwaldistrictofUttarakhandstateinIndia.Situatedat an elevation of 356 meters above the sea level, Muni Ki Reti is mistakenly considered an extensionofRishikesh,beingveryclosetoit.  TheareaalongtheproposedprojectisMunikiReticlassifiedasclassIVtownandhasƒNagar Panchayat.TheMunikiRetiNagarPanchayat(MNP)wasestablishedin1950.TheMNPhas͹ wardsand͹electedmembers,ledbyƒchairpersonthatisdirectlyelectedbythepeople.The administrative functions are led by Executive officer (EO). The MNP is responsible for provisions of services as sanitation (community toilets, LCS) street-lighting maintenance of roads, parks, and recreational facilities. Main sources of revenue generation for MNP are propertytaxes,licensefeesandrentformarketbuildings.  Dhalwala is Village (Rural area) in Narendra Nagar Mandal in Tehri Garhwal district, in UttarakhandStateǤDhalwalais44kmfarfromitsState’sCapitalCityDehradun.  Dhalwala GP has 15 wards and each ward has elected members, led by Gram Pradhan. DhalwalaGramPanchayat(DGP)hasthesamedutiesforDhalwalaasMNPhasforMunikiReti.  MuniKiRetiiswellconnectedwithmajordestinationsoftheregionlikeDehradun(51km), Rishikesh (3 km), Haridwar (27 km). From Delhi, one has to take NH 58 to Rishikesh from whereMuniKiRetiisanother͵kmdrive.NearestrailheadisRishikeshandnearestairportis JollyGrant(17km)ofDehradun.  5.2 Administrativedivisions  BothMunikiRetiandDhalwalahave anareaof 6.00sq.km.ThepopulationofMuni-ki-Reti was7,881asper2001censusandƬ10,551asper2011census.ThepopulationofDhalwalais 11,755 as per 2001 census and 18,007 as per 2011 census (as per data collected from Statistical department Narender Nagar). With this the growth rate for Muni Ki Reti and Dhalwalaisincreasingarithmetically.ThePopulationDensityofMuni-ki-Retiis1,760/km2Ƭ Population Density of Dhalwala is 3,000/km2 for the Year 2011.  Copy of census population certifiedbyMunikiReteNagarPanchayatisattachedasannexure-3.  5.3 WardwiseCensusPopulationData  Table5.2:PopulationofMuniKiReti Population Population S.No. Nameofward HouseHold2011 2001 2011 ͳ Satrughanward 1185 1428 358 ʹ BhaganGadward 1128 1771 411 ͵ GangaChetraward 1121 1055 259 Ͷ Shisumwadaward 1205 1124 136

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Population Population S.No. Nameofward HouseHold2011 2001 2011 ͷ VeshnavDeviMandirward 1133 2376 541 ͸ SwamiNarayanBasicSchoolward 1068 1167 252 ͹ DayanandAshramward 1041 1630 392 Total 7,881 10,551 2,349 

Table5.3:PopulationofDhalwala S.No Nameofward Population2001 Population2011 Household2011 ͳ WardNo.1 647 991 184 ʹ WardNo.2 627 960 178 ͵ WardNo.3 999 1,530 283 Ͷ WardNo.4 744 1,140 211 ͷ WardNo.5 686 1,051 195 ͸ WardNo.6 744 1,140 211 ͹ WardNo.7 1,098 1,682 311 ͺ WardNo.8 882 1,351 255 ͻ WardNo.9 627 960 171 10 WardNo.10 647 991 177 11 WardNo.11 744 1,140 204 12 WardNo.12 940 1,440 257 13 WardNo.13 666 1,020 189 14 WardNo.14 744 1,140 204 15 WardNo.15 960 1,471 272  Total 11,755 18,007 3,302   5.4 Climate  ThetownexperiencescoldwintersduringNovemberȂFebruary,withtemperaturesranging from 5-8°C and summers from May Ȃ June with temperatures varying from 20-30°C. The monsoonperiodextendsfromJunetoSeptemberwithaveragerainfallrecordedis435mm.  5.5 Topography

The Muni Ki Reti-Dhalwala town is at ƒ latitude and longitude of 30°04’NƬ 78°10’E respectively with hilly terrain slopping towards river Chandrabhaga on the right side of the townandRiverGangaalongtheNationalHighway.ThesacredGangariverpassesthroughthe saidtown.Onaverage,thetown’saltitudeis356metersabovemeansealevel.Howeverthere is ƒ wide variation in the town’s elevation ranging with ƒ difference of 50  between the highestandlowestpointinthetown.ThecityissurroundedbysevenprominentShivalikhills andƒmaintouristdestinationwithrespecttothesacredriverGanges.  Duetothefragileeco-systemandgeo-dynamicterrain,UttarakhandStateishighlyvulnerable tonaturaldisasterslikeearthquakes,landslides,forestfires,andcloudburstetc.Accordingto hazard zoning inthe Vulnerability Atlas of India, the whole of Uttarakhand falls under “very high”to“high”categoryearthquakezone.Theproblemsoflandslides,subsidence,anderosion arequite commoninthehillyregionsoftheState duetocombinationofseveralfactors like geologicalmovements,structure, lithology,waterseepage,soilcover,vegetal cover,weather, andclimaticchanges.  Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 19 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

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 5.6 AirQuality  Theproposedsubprojectdoesnotcoverindustrializedareas,andhencetheairpollutionisnot significant. The main sources of air pollution at present are due to emissions from mobile sources i.e. from minor vehicular traffic and wind-blown dust/sand. Thus, the air quality is consideredtobegood.  5.7 Noise  ThesubprojectarearepresentsmostlyurbanareaofMunikiretiandruralareaofDhalawala. The ambient noise levels vary from very low to low in the urban, built-up areas. Near some congested areas of, the noise levels are moderate. The overall impact on the ambient noise levelisnotsignificant.  5.8 Waterquality  TheCentralPollutionControlBoard(CPCB)withtheassistanceofEnvironmentProtectionand PollutionControlBoardUttarakhandregularly checksthewaterqualityofRiverGangafor ƒ considerabletimeperiod.BOD,DO,andFaecalColiforms(FC)normallyindicatethebiological healthofƒriver.TheseparameterswereselectedtostudythewaterqualitytrendintheRiver Gangafortheyear2011inUttarakhand.WaterqualitystatusofRiverGangainUpstreamof Laxman Jhula in Uttarakhand in terms of DO, BOD, and FC is shown in Table 5.1 below. The laboratory water quality testing reports of River Ganga and drains in Muni ki Reti area are attachedinDPRofSewerageworks.  Table5.1:RiverWaterQualityinGangaatupstreamofMuniKiReti

 Source:RiverWaterpollutionStatus,January2012toJune2012,CPCBǤ 

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 Figure5.1:TrendinbiochemicaloxygendemandintheRiverGangainUttarakhand

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5.9 Drainage  Thereare15nos.ofNala/NaturalDrainageinthetownthatarecarriersofsewageandstorm waterthatfinallydischargethesameintoriverGangaǤFurther,oftheseFifteen,Nine(9)are purestormwatercarryingchannelandareelaboratedbelow:  1. DhalwalaNala 2. DarshanmahavidhyalaNala 3. OldHanumanTempleNala 4. PoliceGuesthouseNala 5. PWDGuesthouseNala 6. OmkarnandPublicGhatNala 7. PublicToiletNala 8. AsianGemsƬHandicraftNala 9. ShivanandBhawanNala  All above Nala used to carry untreated sewage, but with increased coverage of sewerage network and on-site disposal system and also due to efforts made by Uttrakhand irrigation department,dischargeofuntreatedwastewaterisstoppedinthesedrains.  Followingsixdrainsarecarryinguntreatedwastewaterinadditiontostormwateratpresent.  1. KharaSroatNala: 2. BusStandNala 3. NawGhatNala 4. ShamshanGhatNala 5. GangaResortNala 6. ChandreshwarNala  BusStandNala

 

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 ShamshanGhatNala

 5.10 BiodiversityandEcological  Uttarakhandthe27thstateofRepublicofIndialiesbetween28°44'Ƭ31°28'Latitudeand 77°35'Ƭ81°01'Eastlongitude.ItwascarvedoutofUPon9thNovember2000with13 Districts.Thegeographicalareaofthestateis53,483sq.kmandtheterrainandtopographyof thestateislargelyhillywithlargeareasundersnowcover andsteepslopes.Uttarakhandis geopolitically also very sensitive statedue toits international boundariesin North (Nepal Ƭ Tibet). It forms North-Western boundary with Himachal Pradesh, North and North-Eastern boundary with Tibet, Eastern with Nepal and Southern with plains of UP. Whereas, the Southern boundary is artificial, remaining namely Northern, Western and the Eastern boundariesarenaturalwithTonsandYamunariversinWest,KaliintheEastandtheIndo- Tibetan watershed in the North. Thus the state is of immense importance not only for the states, downstream due to soil and moisture conservation but strategically also due to its internationalborderwithNepalƬTibet(China).

Major portion of the state is mountainous and these mountains (Himalayas) are one of the youngest mountain systems of the world (40 million years in age compared to peninsular mountainsof1500-2500millionyearsold)andhenceecologicallyveryfragileandrelatively muchmoresusceptibletoearthquakesandlandslides.Therearefourmajorriversystemsviz. Ganga,Yamuna,RamgangaƬShardaoriginatingfromthestatealongwiththeirtributariesare majorsourceofwaterfordrinking,irrigationandhydropower.Themajorwealthofthestateis its forests with very rich biodiversity. Therefore, any let up in land management, of which forestmanagementisthecore,willhaveƒtellingeffectonstate’sdownstreamwithregardto watersupply,soilerosionandconsequentfloodsandimpoverishmentofagriculturalland.  The state has 13 districts as administrative units with 78 Tehsils and 95 community development blocks .The human population of the State is 84.79 lacs (2001) compared to 25.18lacsin1951andthatoflivestockis49.4lacsin2003ascomparedto41.68lacs(1993) and38.692in1972.Thehumanandlivestockpopulationislargelydependentonforestsdue to Agrarian economy and age old pastoralism leading to heavy pressure on forests and consequentdegradationofecologyandenvironmentofthearea.  AlthoughtheStateofUttarakhandiswellendowedwithbiologicalresources,thepastdecades have seen an increase in pressure on the state’s natural ecosystems. The entire Siwalik ecosystem of Uttarakhand has been virtually degraded of its forest cover, and forested landscapehasbeenpushedtotheUpperreachesoftheState. 

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Thestateisrepresentedbybiographiczone2BWesternHimalayaand7BShiwaliksconsisting ofKumaonandGarhwaltworegions.Totalgeographicalareaofthestate(53,483sq.km)is1.6 Ψofcountry’sgeographicalarea,outofwhich46,035sq.kmishilly.Thestatehasthusvaried terrain,majorportionofwhichismountainouswithuniqueecologicaldiversityconsistingof highalpineareastotheSub-tropicalandTropicalregions.  Physiographically, the state can be divided into three zones namely, the Himalaya, The ShiwalikandtheTaraiRegion.Thestatehasƒtemperateclimateexceptinplainareaswhere theclimateistropical.Theaverageannualrainfallis1550mm.  Therearefourmajorriversystemsviz.Ganga,Yamuna,RamgangaƬShardaoriginatingfrom thestatealongwiththeirtributarieswhicharemajorsourceofwaterfordrinking,irrigation andhydropower.Themajorwealthofthestateisitsforestswithveryrichbiodiversity.The staterankssixthamongtheotherstatesintermsofpercentageofrecordedforestarea.  ThehillyStateofUttarakhandhasƒforestcoverof65Ψofitstotalgeographicalareas(slightly lowerthanthestipulated66.6Ψforestcoverforhillystates).MunikiRetiǦDhalwala,isƒsemi urban area surrounded by hilly forested areas. There is noremaining natural habitatwithin thedevelopedareaoftheCity.  5.11 ProtectedAreas  Due to vast biodiversity present in Uttarakhand 12 percent of total geographical area is protectedareaswhichincludes͸NationalParkƬ͸WildlifeSanctuary.Uttarakhandishometo many rare species of plants and animals, many of which are protected by sanctuaries and reserves.NationalparksinUttarakhandincludetheJimCorbettNationalPark(firstnational parkofIndia)atRamnagarinNainitalDistrict,andValleyofFlowersNationalParkandNanda DeviNationalParkinChamoliDistrict,whichtogetherare ƒUNESCOWorldHeritageSite. number of plant species in the valley are internationally threatened, including several that have not been recorded from elsewhere in Uttarakhand. Rajaji National Park in Haridwar District and Govind Pashu Vihar National Park and Sanctuary and Gangotri National Park in UttarkashiDistrictaresomeotherprotectedareasinthestate.  According to scientific studies in the state 102 mammals, 600 of birds, 19 amphibians, 70 reptilesand124speciesoffisharefound.Intheseabovementionedspeciesthereareglobally endangered species which consists of tiger (Panthera tigers), Asian elephant (Elephus maximus), Guldar (Panthera pardus), Musk deer (Moschus chrysogaster), Snow leopard (Pantherauncial),Monal(LophophorusimpejanusȌetc.  ProtectedareasinUttarakhand:-  Uttarakhandhas͸NationalParkand͸WildlifeSanctuaryandʹConservationReserve,whose detailsareasfollowsinTable5.4to5.6:-  Table5.4:NationalParks S.No ProtectedArea Area(km²) Inaugurationyear 1 CorbettNationalPark 520.82 1936 2 NandaDeviNationalPark 624.60 1982 3 ValleyofFlowersNationalPark 87.50 1982 4 RajajiNationalPark 820.42 1983 5 GangotriNationalPark 2390.02 1989 6 GovindNationalPark 472.08 1990  TOTAL 4915.44   Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 25 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

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Table5.5:WildlifeSanctuary:- S.No ProtectedArea Area(km²) Inaugurationyear 1 Govindwildlifesanctuary 485.89 1955 2 Kedarnathwildlifesanctuary 975.20 1972 3 Askotwildlifesanctuary 599.93 1986 4 Sonanadiwildlifesanctuary 301.18 1987 5 Binsarwildlifesanctuary 47.07 1988 6 Mussooriewildlifesanctuary 10.82 1993  TOTAL 2420.09   Table5.4:ConservationReserve:- S.No ProtectedArea Area(km²) Inaugurationyear 1 JhilmilJheelConservationReserve 37.84 2005 2 AasanConservationReserve 4.44 2005  TOTAL 42.28 

TheclosetprotectedareatoMunikiRetiisRajajiNationalPark.Theparkisbeencreatedin 1983byincorporationofthreesanctuariesǦRajajisanctuary(estd.1948)Motichursanctuary (estd. 1964) and Chilla sanctuary (estd. 1977) after the name of renowned statesman and freedomfighterShriC.RajgopalachariyaǦThefirstandlastGovernorGeneralofindependent Indiapopularlyknownas"Rajaji".Theparkisspreadoveranareaof820.42sq.km.inthree Districts-Dehradun,HaridwarƬPauriGarhwalofUttarakhandState,India.TheParkhasgot thelargestarearepresentingShiwalikEco-system.TheShivaliktrailis10millionyearoldand veryrichinfossils.Itsfossilsfaunalremainsincludeabout50speciesofelephant;oneofthem ispresenttoday.Figure5.2showsdistancebetweenSTPandNearestNationalPark. 

 Figure5.2LocationofNearestNationalParktoSTPlocation  The majestic Ganges flows through the National Park for ƒ distance of 24km, besides the innumerablestreamsandbrooksmakingitrichanddiverse.Itoffersampleopportunitiesto nature lovers to enjoy the captivating landscape and wildlife. Rajaji is thickly foliated predominantlybytheRajajiisthicklyfoliatedpredominantlybytheSalForestandƒnumberof otherforesttypeswhichincludetheWesternGangeticMoistandNortherndryDeciduousand KhairǦSissooforests.LowAlluvialSavannahWoodlandscoverthedriersouthernmarginsof thepark,incontrasttotheShiwalikChir-Pineonthehighreachesofthehills. 

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The park is home to the Tiger, Leopard, Himalayan Bear, Cheetal, hog deer, barking deer, Sambardeer,wildboar,antelopessuchastheNilgai,GoralǡJackal,Hyena,JungleCat,Leopard Cat, Civets, Himalayan Yellow-Throated Marten, Sloth Bears, Pythons, King Cobra, Common Krait,IndianCobraandtheMonitorLizardandaboveAlltheAsianElephant. 

 Figure5.3MapofRajajiNationalPark  Table 5.7andFigure5.4Ƭ5.5belowgivesthedistanceofSTPsitefromimportantsensitive receptors  Table5.7:SurroundingFeaturesofproposedSTPSitewithinƒradiusof10km Feature AerialDistance DirectionWRTproposedsite TirsatReservedForest 2.1Km SouthWest ProtectedForest(Dhalwala) 0.0km - Raidaspur–Residential 1.4km South Ashutoshnagar 1.3km South BrahmanadaAshram 1.4km SouthEast KailashAshram 1.7km SouthEast Munik‹Reti 2.6km South Rishikesh 1.8km SouthWest BarkotReserveForest 2.0km West ChandrabhagaRiver 50m South NarendraNagar 4.2km North RiverGanga 3.5km South 

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 Figure5.4:ToposheetshowingSTPsiteandnearbyfeatureswithin͵kmand10km radius

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 Figure5.5:SiteSurroundingsImage–500and10kmcircles  Flora  ThefloraofTehriGarhwalcanbedividedintosixmaincategoriesoftropicaldrydeciduous forests, Sal forests, Chir forests, oak deodar, fir and spruce forests, and finally the Alpine pastures. The variety of forests is perhaps enough to make anyone realize the sheer multiplicity of the flora species. These forests not provide ƒ safe haven for animals but also help the villagers to maintain the ecological balance and give them firewood and food. The scentofdampearth,leavesandthenoiseofgrasshopperaretheessenceofGarhwaliforests.  There are many trees like chir, Oaks, Conifers, Sal, Deodar, Haldu, Yew, Cypress, Rhododendron, Birch, Horse-Chestnut, Cycamore, Willow and Alder are found here.  large variety of medicinal herbs, shrubs and bushes like Brahmi and Ashwagandha andfruits like Cornel, Figs, Kaiphal, Mulberry, Kingora, Raspberry, Blackberry, Currants, Medlars, Gooseberries, Hazelnuts, Apples, Pears, Cherries, Apricots, Plums, Peaches, Oranges, Limes, Bananas,PomegranatesandWalnutsarefoundinabundance. 

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Asperpresentsiteconditionsonlysmallshrubsandherbsneedtoberemoveforconstruction ofSTP.Noneoftheseshrubsandherbsisendangeredorrare.Therescientificnamesofshrubs andherbspresentatsiteandnearbyareaareprovidedbelowintable5.8.  Table 5.8 Common plant (Generally Seasonal herbs and shrubs) found at STP and nearbyarea S.No Scientificname CommonName 1 Zizyphusmauritiana Ber 2 Lantanacamara lantana 3 Partheniumhysterophorus CarrotGrass 4 Cannabissativa Bhang 5 Urticadioica Bicchubuti 6 Colebrookeaoppositifoila Bhirmoli  ThepresentSTPsiteisƒbarrenforestlandandnotreecuttingisinvolvedinconstructionof STP.Sitephotographareattachedasfigure5.6below.  Figure5.6STPSitePhotographs

  BirdEyeviewofSTPsitealongwithChandrabhaga DistanceofSTPsitefromnearbyhabitantarea drain

  DistanceofSTPsitefromnearbyhabitantarea BirdeyeviewofprojecttownDhalwala

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  ThepresentSTPsiteisƒbarrenforestlandandnotreecuttingisinvolvedinconstructionofSTP  Fauna  The district of Tehri Garhwal is full of rich animal life which includes mammals, reptiles, Pisceansandbirds.TheforestsarefullofanimalslikeMonkey,Langur,Wild-Cat,Goat,Pig,Fox, Wild-Dog,BlackBearandtheFlyingSquirrel(locallycalledRinoola),elephantsandcritically endangeredMuskDeerarefound.   number of carnivore species live in Tehri Garhwal region like the SnowLeopard, Leopard andsometimesTigers.TheSnowLeopardisrareandseriouslyendangered.Theavianspecies consistofPheasants,Kalij,Koklas,Cheers,Monal,WildFowls,Harial,Parrots,Chatak,Papiha, Haldu,Neelkanth,Pigeons,Partridges,KalaTitar,ChakorandNeora.Thereptilepopulationis representedbyCobra,Russell’sViper,Ancistrodonhimalayanus,RatSnake,LeechandBlood- SuckingLizard. 

 PairofHornbillnearatMuniKiReti  TheProjectSitelocationandSetting  ThelandidentifiedforSTPSiteisforestland.Itisƒforestlandbutitisnotclosetoaneco- sensitivearealikenationalpark,wildlifesanctuaryetc.However,touseitforconstructionof STPitwillrequireForestClearanceasperForest(Conservation)Act,1980(WithAmendments madein1988)andForest(Conservation)Rules,2003(WithAmendmentsmadein2004).  Theprojectsitehassparsevegetationandperennialsourceofwater,atpresentsiteisƒbarren landwithseasonalgrassesandconstructionofSTPwillnotinvolveanytreecutting.  Theproposedprojectsiteisƒforestlandwithsomeseasonalherbsbushesonlyandwillnot result in loss of income from agricultural land, plantation or other existing land-use. The Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 31 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

construction of proposed project will not require relocation of households or displace any tribalsettlement  Projectshallnotresultinreductionofaccesstotraditionalandriverdependentcommunities (s).Moreover,thereisnotribalsettlementinoraroundtheprojectarea.Thus,therewillbe minimaladversesocialimpactsduetotheproject.  5.12 Economicalactivities  Theeconomyofthetowniscentredontheagriculture,businessandservicesectors.major portionofthetownhasruralbasewhichmakesthepeopleengagedinagriculturalactivities. Businessinthetownismainlycentredonretailinggoods.AlsosincethetownliesontheYatra (pilgrimage)routes,thefloatingpopulationoftownsontheholyfestivalslikeKumbh,Shivratri andCharDhamyatra,inparticularisoftenseveraltimestheresidentpopulationsduringthe touristseasonwhichprovidetourismanothercommercialactivityofthetown.ListofHotelsin MunikiRetiaregivenbelowintable5.9.  Table5.9:GuestHousesandHotels S.N. NameofHotel/GuestHouse Rooms 1. RajLaxmihotel 10 2. ShriBadrinathKedarnathMandirSamitiYatriVishramGrah 15 3. HotelShivlok 10 4. DhanventariBhavanDharmshala 20 5. AndhraAshram 25 6. BajrangPayingGuestHouse 8 7. BalajiPayingGuestHouse 5 8. AmbikaPayingGuestHouse 6 9. SonyPayingGuestHouse 10 10. JNMThirthYatriNiwas 5 11. MadhbanAshram 25 12. HotelVasundharaPalace 25 13. TouristGuestHouse 5 14. ShivGangaPayingGues–House 6 15. HotelGreatGanga 18 16. OnkaranandGitaSadam 25 17. YogeshwaranandAthithiAshram 20 18. PureInn 10 19. OnkaranandGangaSadan 25 20. GangaBeachResort 20  VegetableMarket 1. Near14BighaareaDhalwala 2. VegetablemarketsofMuniKiRetiaresituatedinRhishikesh  5.13 Industrialactivities  Uttarakhandhasseenstrongindustrializationduringthepastfiveyears,butthatwasmainly in the plains, following the special package announced by the Centre in 2003. Thus an Integrated Industrial Development Policy 2008 was launched in February especially for the industrial development of hilly and remote areas in the state. Thispolicy aims to accelerate industrial development inthe industrially backward and remote hill districts of the state, to develop industrial infrastructure, and to encourage entrepreneurial development through market encouragement and financial support to entrepreneurs. The policy aims to provide

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assured,goodquality,uninterruptedandaffordablepowerforindustriesandtosimplifyand rationalizelabourlawsandproceduresinlinewithcurrentrequirements.  Small-scale industries Ǧ cottage, Khadi and village industries, handicrafts, and the silk and handloomsectorsaremostdominantaroundlocalvillagesofMunikiReti.Otherthantheses, tourismisthemostpopularindustryinthisareawithdomesticandinternationalmarkets.The area attracts tourists for pilgrimages, cultural tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, wildlifetourism,eco-tourism,andamusementandleisuretourism.  Asperthesecondarydatacollectedfromthetown,MunikiRetiƬDhalwaladoesnothaveany pollutingindustries.  5.14 Educationalactivities  There are many educational institutes in the project area. List of some major institutes is providedbelow:  DetailsofEducationalInstitutesinMuni-ki-Reti a. PurnanandIntercollege(600-700Seats) b. OmkaraInterCollege(500Seats) c. OmkaraInstituteofTechnologyȋ500Seats) d. SwamiJanardhanSchooluptoClass8th(250Seats)  DetailsofEducationalInstitutesinDhalwala a. MITCollege(1000Ȃ1200Seats) b. SaraswatiVidhyaMandirGirls(300-400Seats) c. SaraswatiVidhyaMandirBoys(400-500Seats)  5.15 Culturalactivities  The religion and culture urges the people of Muni ki Reti Ǧ Dhalwala find an expression in variousfairs,whichareinturncloselylinkedtotheeconomicactivitiesoftheregion.Number offolksongsanddanceshasbeenkeptalivebecauseofthesefairs.Inoldertimes,whenmeans oftransportweren'tsogoodthesefareswereanopportunityforfriendsandrelativestomeet regularly. The fairs and folk festivals of Muni ki Reti Ǧ Dhalwala are very colourful and distinctive, and are the blend of various natural, social and cultural factors. The people also celebrateallthemajorIndianfestivals.BasantPancharni,Bhitauli,Harela,Phooldei,Batsavitri, GangaDusshera,DikarPuja,OlgiorGheeSankranti,Khatarua,GhuianEkadashiandGhughutia aresomeofthemajorfestivalscelebratedinMunikiRetiandDhalwala.  5.16 Religiousactivities  TraditionallyconsideredthegatewayfortheCharDhamandKawadpilgrimageȄBadrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri, and Yamunotri attract many pilgrims, making it ƒ town of religious significance.  TheReligiousplacesandHistoricalimportantplacesofMunikiRetiǦDhalwalaare x RamJhula x PrachinAdiBadrinarayanShatrughanMandir x TheHerbalGarden x ShriKailashAshram x ShriShivanandaAshram x OmkaranandaAshramHimalayas

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x SwamiDayanandaAshram x BabaMastramGufa x MangalAshram x YogniketanAshram x HariharKailashGyanpith x KailashAshram x SitaramAshram x SwatantranandAshram x PanchwatiAshram x IshwardasAshram x DayanandAshram x AvdhoothwaraAshram x VitthalAshram x SwamiNarayanashram x YogpithAshram x MadhuwanAshram x Shatrughanmandir x Madhubanmandir x KailashAshramTemple  SocioEconomicMapping  ThereisnospecificdataavailablewithULBregardingsocioeconomicstatusofpeopleinMuni ki Reti Ȃ Dhalwala. However, as per discussion with ULB officials, substantial segment of population(about50%)inMunikiRetiareengagedinTourism,andRiver-rafting.About30% population earns through Hotel industry. Being termed as holy town, Muni ki Reti has considerable population of Sadhus residing in various Ashrams. Only ƒ small portion (about 5%)isassociatedwithGovernmentservices.  InDhalwalamajorityofpeopleareeitherhaveGovernmentserviceorassociatedwithtourism industries. There are some small industries, which cater the needs of approximately 5% of population.  Totalnumber22BelowPovertylineMunikiRetiand56inBPLcardholderareinDhalwala

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 GraphshowingWardwiseMaleFemaleandChildrenbelow͸yearsration 

 GraphshowingWardwiseSchedulecastScheduletriberatiowithTotalPopulationofMuniki Reti 

 GraphshowingWardwiselitratesandilliterateratiowithTotalPopulationofMunikiReti Source:Census2011

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6. EnvironmentalandSocialImpacts  Pollutionabetmentprojectsmayprovebeneficialfortheenvironmentandsocietyortheymay have some adverse impacts as well. Planners and decision makers have realized the importance of understanding the consequences of any such projects on both environmental andsocialsectors,andhavestartedtakingstepstoavoidanyadverseimpacts.Basedonthe major findings obtained from the field visits and secondary data analysis, the possible environmental and social issues with reference to the proposed sewer works in sewerage district`C'ofAllahabadcityisbeendiscussedinthesesections.  6.1 PotentialEnvironmentalImpacts  The proposed project of sewer works in Muni ki Reti Ǧ Dhalwala would influence the environmentinthreedistinctphases: x DuringDesigningphase x Duringtheconstructionphasewhichwouldbetemporaryandshortterm; x Duringtheoperationphasewhichwouldhavelongtermeffects 

  Consultations with local resident about Consultationswithreligiousleader existingsewerproblems   6.2 Pre-constructionImpacts  Design of the Proposed Componentsǣ The Central Public Health and Environment EngineeringOrganizationmanualsuggestsƒdesignperiodof15-30years.Thewatersupply componentsweredesignedfollowingtherecommendationsoftheCentralPublicHealthand EnvironmentEngineeringOrganizationManualforWasteWater.  Impacts arise from the design of the project including the technology used, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specification, pollution sources and ancillaryservices.  SelectionofSewageTreatmentProcess:Thestrategyforwastewatertreatmentisadopted to provide appropriate cost treatment with ƒ robust process that takes into account local conditions.Apartfromconstructionandoperationandmaintenancecosts,factorsthatneedto be taken into account in selecting appropriate processes for Muni Ki Reti STP include: (i) Consistent Effluent Quality; (ii) Less Area Requirement; (iii) Process flexibility; (iv) Easy operationandmaintenance;(iv)EconomicViability;(v)AestheticswithSurroundings,and(vi) OdourandNuisance.  Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 36 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

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Themeritsanddemeritsofvariousavailabletreatmenttechnologieswereevaluated.Basedon thecomparison,itwasfoundoutthatActivatedSludgeprocesswasfoundtobemoresuitable forthepresentconditions.  Impacts associated with the planning mainly depend on the site selection. Location impacts include on-site biophysical array and encroachmentȀimpact either directly or indirectly on adjacentenvironments.Italsoincludestheimpactsonthepeoplewhomightlosetheirhomes or livelihoods due to the development of the proposed site. NOC from Dhalwala Gram PanchayatforsitingofSTPlandatChorPaniareaisattachedadAnnexure-1.  SewerNetwork:Mostsubprojectcomponentsinvolvesimpleconstructionandlowoperation andmaintenance,soitisunlikelythattherewillbemajorimpacts.Thepipelinelayingworks, theonlycomponentthatinvolveconsiderableconstructionactivity,arelocatedintheCityarea where there are no sensitive natural habitats. The pipelines are aligned in the vacant land adjacenttotheroadswithintheROW,sothereareunlikelytobeanylocationimpacts.  SewageTreatmentPlantǣItisestimatedthattheproposedsewagetreatmentplantrequires about ͳ Ha of land including that for green buffer areas around the plant. The Uttarakhand PayJalSansadhanevamNirmanNigamhasidentifiedƒsiteadjoiningtheRiverChandrabhaga nearChorPaniAreainDhalwala.Thissiteisƒgovernmentforestlandanditrequiresdiversion of forest land prior start of construction. This land is vacant and unused atpresent. Notree cuttingoranydisplacementisrequiredforconstructionofSTPontheselectedsite.  The Chandrabhaga River is not being used as water sources because it carries water only duringrainyseason.ThereforetherewillnotbeanyimpactsontheRiverduetodisposalof treatedwater.Actually,theriverwillbeimprovedduetopreventionofrawsewagedisposal and since the sewage will be treated to the applicable disposal standards of surface water therewillnotbeanyimpacts.  SewagePumpingStation:SewagePumpingStationȂi)ExistingȂSincethecapacityofcivil worksatexistingSPSissufficient;nomorelandisrequiredtobeacquired.II)NewSPSȂNew SPS is proposed in Dhalwala and land required is already identified. The location (14 Bigha area area) has been confirmed by concern ULB official (Gram Pradhan, Dhalwala). No tree cuttingisrequired.  ClimateChangeRiskǦPotentialfloodingofSTPsite:Onthefaceoftheclimatechangerisks, the floods may increase/decrease in its magnitude, and adopting protection measures as in normal practice by taking historical data may not suffice if the river faces potential climate changerisks.However,theChandrabhagaRiverisrainfed,andthereforetheriskofclimate change is minimal compared to the rivers fed by glaciers. River is seasonal and flows only during rainyseason. Flow is considerable for short durationthe rains.River is very shallow and the banks are not well defined. It is therefore important that the STP is designed with probableflood.  Consequently,theSTPhasbeendesignedwithƒ100-yearhighfloodlevel(HFL).Earthenbund andnecessaryslopeprotectionmeasureswillbeprovidedtowardstheriverside.Thedetailed engineeringaspectswillbeundertakenbyContractorwiththecompetentauthority’sapproval.  OdornuisanceduetoSTPǣSTPwillbelocatedinthebarrenforestzonewherenosettlement isnearby.TheSTPhasbeenplannedExtendedAeration-SBRprocess,odourgenerationwillbe minimal. In this technology, sludge production is minimal and quality is also not offensive. Onlysomestorageisrequiredandafterthatthesludgecanbeutilizedasmanureinthenearby agriculturalfields.

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 Greenbufferzone:SewagePumpingStationunitsarelocatedininhabitedareahenceƒgreen bufferzonehasbeenproposedtobedevelopedaroundtheSPSunitstotackletheallnuisances and aesthetic aspect. The tree species will be local species having thick foliage. Also green bufferzoneproposedaroundSTPconsideringfuturedevelopmentaroundpremises.  GritcollectionanddisposalatSTPǣMechanical courseandfinescreenwillbeprovidedat STPtopreventthegritfromenteringintoprocessunit.Scrapingofdepositedgritatregular intervalisdesignedbyprovidingrotatingscrapperonthescreen.Thecollectedgritbeingof inertnatureandhavingsmallquantitywillbedisposedatidentifiedsitewithinSTPpremises. Thereisnochanceofothertypeofsolidwastesuchasplastic;paper,glassetc.enterintothe proposedseweragesystem.  Impairment of downstream water quality due to inadequate sewage treatment or releaseofuntreatedsewageǣThedisposaloftreatedsewagewillbetoChandrabhagaRiver throughproperoutfall.Thedisposalofuntreated/partiallytreatedsewagemaydeterioratethe qualityofreceivingwaterbody,theChandrabhagaRiver.Thereforeitisimperativetotreatthe sewagetoacceptablelevels.Sincetheriverisseasonal,minimumdilutionwillbeavailableand thereforerequiresstringentdisposalstandards.Further,astheMunikiRetiexperienceslarge temperature fluctuations from low temperature during winters to high temperature in summers,thetreatmentefficiencymayaffectconsiderably.Malfunction/overflowofunitsmay cause flooding and nuisance. The following mitigation measures are incorporated in the design:  (i) Selection of treatment process that is suitable and withstands to large temperature fluctuations (ii)Selectionoftreatmentprocessthatinvolvessimpleoperationandmaintenance. (iii)DesignofSTPtomeetprescribedCPCBdisposalstandards. (iv)Developingcontinuesmonitoringsystemtocheckthetreatmentefficiencyanddeveloping laboratoryfacilitywithintheSTP. (v) Preparation of operational manual as ƒ reference guide to maintain the discharge standards. (vi)Provisionofbye-passarrangementonunitbasistoavoidreleaseofuntreatedsewage,if any. (vii)Provisionofuninterruptedpowersupplythroughdedicatedpowerline.Incaseofpower failure,provisionofalternatepowersupplythroughgeneratorisproposed. (viii)Designofsystemtoprovideforhighflows/volumes.Bye-passarrangementshavebeen madetominimizeunexpectedoverflows.Siteselectionofsourcesofmaterials,Extractionof materials can disrupt natural land contours and vegetation resulting in accelerated erosion, disturbanceinnaturaldrainagepatterns,pondingandwaterlogging,andwaterpollution.To mitigatethepotentialenvironmentalimpacts,locationsofquarrysite/sandborrowpit/s(for loosematerialotherthanstones)wouldbeincludedinthedesignspecificationsandonplan drawings.PrioritywouldbesitesalreadypermittedbyMiningDepartment.Ifothersitesare necessary, these would to be located away from population centers, drinking water intakes and streams, cultivable lands, and natural drainage systems; and instructurally stable areas even if some distance from construction activities. It will be the construction contractor’s responsibilitytoverifythesuitabilityofallmaterialsourcesandtoobtaintheapprovalofthe Muni ki Reti Nagar Panchayat and Dhalwala Gram Panchayat. If additional quarries will be required after construction is started, then the Construction contractor shall use the mentionedcriteriatoselectnewquarrysites,withwrittenapprovaloflocalbodies.  

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6.3 ConstructionImpacts  Constructionandoperationarethetwoactivitiesinwhichtheprojectinteractsphysicallywith theenvironment,sotheyarethetwoactivitiesduringwhichtheenvironmentalimpactsoccur. Construction impacts are associated with site cleaning, earth works, physical construction relatedmaterialsmovementsandworks,machinery,vehiclesandworkers.Italsoincludesthe erosion,dust,noise,trafficcongestion,andwasteproductionassociatedwiththeconstruction activities.  1.ConstructionMethod  Sewer Network: The proposed 29.5 km sewernetwork, consisting of branch, sub-main and main sewers of 150 mm to 500 mm diameter DI pipes, will be laid within the city area including the high density areas of the core city and low density areas in the outskirts. This network will convey sewage to proposed STP near Chandrabhaga River. As earlier stated, sewerswillbelaidintheun-usedareawithintheROW.Innarrowerroadswherethereisno landavailable,thetrencheswillbedugintotheedgeoftheroad.Generallyinnarrowroads onlybranchsewersof200mmȂ500mmwillberequiredandbiggermainsewersarelocated alongthemainroads,wheregenerallysufficientvacantlandalongtheroadwillbeavailable.  SewerswillbeburiedintrenchofͳtoͶdeep(averageisabout͵m)andwidthbetween 1000mmfor150mmdiasewerto1200mmfor600mmdiasewer.Thetrencheswillbe excavatedbyƒbackhoediggersubstantiatedbymanualdigging.ExcavationinCCroadsand hard rock surfaces will be carried out by handheld pneumatic drill. Excavated soil will be placednearbyandƒbedofsandorgravelǦobtainedfromlocalquarries,willbepreparedat thebottomofthetrench.Sewers(broughttositeontrucksandstoredonunusedlandnearby) willbeplacedinthetrenchoverthesand/gravelbedusingƒsmallrigormanually.Pipeswill bejoinedbyhand,afterwhichexcavatedsoilwillbereplacedaroundandontopofthesewers manually and the refilled material will be compacted by ƒ vibrating compressor. Inspection manholes at regular intervals in the network will be constructed in brick masonry and providedwithƒsteelcoverforinspectionpurposes.  SewageTreatmentPlant:TheSTPwillbeconstructedinunitsofRCCstructures.Foundations dugbybackhoe,andconcreteandaggregatewillbetippedintocreatethefoundations,walls andfloor.Largequantitiesofsandandaggregatewillbebroughttothesitebytrucks.Concrete willthenbemixedbybatch-mixingplanttobeinstalledatthesiteforconstructionpurpose. TheSTPequipmentandpipelineswillbemostlyofmildsteel,DIpipeswhichwillbearranged by cranes or laid manually. About 50 workers will be employed at the site and therefore temporarylabourcampmayberequiredifworkersarebroughtfromoutside.  Sewage Pumping Station: -TheSPSwillbeconstructedinunitsofRCCstructures. Foundations dug by backhoe, and concrete and aggregate will be tipped in to create the foundations,wallsandfloor.Largequantitiesofsandandaggregatewillbebroughttothesite bytrucks.Concretewillthenbemixedbybatch-mixingplanttobeinstalledatthesitefor constructionpurpose. The pumping sets andpipelines will be mostly of mild steel, DI pipes whichwillbearrangedbycranesorlaidmanually.  Air Qualityǣ Ǧ Emissions from construction vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for excavation and construction will induce impacts on the air quality in the construction sites. Anticipatedimpactsincludedustsandincreaseinconcentrationofvehicle-relatedpollutants suchascarbonmonoxide,sulphuroxides,particulatematter,nitrousoxides,andhydrocarbons buttemporaryandduringconstructionactivitiesonly.Tomitigatetheimpacts,construction contractorswillberequiredto:

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 (i) Consult with Pey Jal Nigam/ Jal Sansthan on the designated areas for stockpiling of clay, soils,gravel,andotherconstructionmaterials; (ii)Excavatethefoundations,wetwellsatSPSatthesametimeastheaccessroads(ifneeded) arebuiltsothatdugmaterialisusedimmediately,avoidingtheneedtostockpileonsite; (iii) Damp down exposed soil and any stockpiled on site by spraying with water when necessaryduringdryweather; (iv)Usetarpaulinstocoversandandotherloosematerialwhentransportedbytrucks;and (v) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air pollution control devices which are operatingcorrectly.  Earthwork involved in STP construction will also be significant. Large quantities of constructionmaterialssuchassand,cement,bricks,graveletc.willbetransported,unloaded andhandledatthesiteandthereforethereislargepotentialtogeneratedust.Althoughthesite islocatedintheoutskirtswithnomajordevelopment,thedustgenerationmayalsoaffectthe surrounding agricultural areas. Therefore above measures shall be implemented at the STP sitetoo.  SurfaceWaterQuality:MunikiRetiǦDhalwalareceiveshighintensityrainsduringmonsoons andthereareƒnumberofnaturalandman-madedrainagechannelscriss-crossingthecityto carry the runoff safely. Runoff from the excavated areas and material and waste soil stocks likelytocontainsilt,andthissiltrunoffwilldeterioratethewaterbodiesbysilting.SinceSTP siteislocatedadjacenttotheRiverChandrabhaga,therunofffromtheconstructionarealikely to affect the water body. Large-scale silting is likely to lead to flooding. This impact will howeverbeconsideredonlyduringrainyseason.Thesepotentialimpactsaretemporaryand short-term duration only and to ensure these are mitigated, construction contractor will be requiredto:  (i) Avoid stockpiling of earth fill especially during the monsoon season unless covered by tarpaulinsorplasticsheets; (ii) The soil can be utilised for STP construction, where it appears that it requires ƒ large quantityofsoilraisetheleveltoHFL. (iii)Prioritizere-useofexcessspoilsandmaterialsintheconstructionworks.Ifspoilswillbe disposed,consultwithPeyJalNigamondesignateddisposalareas; (iv) Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the waterbodies; (v) Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; (vi)Disposeanywastesgeneratedbyconstructionactivitiesindesignatedsites; (vii)ProtectionofSTPsitewithinterceptiondrains,and (viii) Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).  Noise Levels: - There are no health facilities, scheduled or unscheduled historical, archaeological, paleontological, or architectural sites near the construction sites. However, constructionworkswillbeonsettlements,alongandnearschools,andareaswithsmall-scale businesses.Thesensitivereceptorsarethegeneralpopulationintheseareas.Increaseinnoise levelmaybecausedbyexcavationequipment,andthetransportationofequipment,materials, and people. Impact is negative, short-term, and reversible by mitigation measures. The constructioncontractorwillberequiredto: 

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(i) Plan activities in consultation with Pey Jal Nigam so that activities with the greatest potentialtogeneratenoiseareconductedduringperiodsofthedaywhichwillresultinleast disturbance; (ii)Requirehornsnotbeusedunlessitisnecessarytowarnotherroadusersoranimalsofthe vehicle’sapproach; (iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammerswithnoise-reducingmufflers,andportablestreetbarriersthesoundimpactto surroundingsensitivereceptor;and (iv)Maintainmaximumsoundlevelsnotexceeding80decibelswhenmeasuredatƒdistanceof 10ormorefromthevehicle/s.  Existing Infrastructure and Facilities: - Excavation works can damage existing infrastructurelocatedalongsideroads,inparticularwatersupplypipes.Itwillbeparticularly importanttoavoiddamagingexistingwaterpipes.Itisthereforeimportantthatconstruction contractorswillberequiredto:  (i)ObtainfromPeyJalNigam/JalSansthanthelistofaffectedutilitiesandoperators;and (ii) Prepare ƒ contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruptionofservices  LandscapeandAestheticsǣǦTheconstructionworkswillproduceexcessexcavated,excess construction materials, and solid waste such as removed concrete, wood, trees and plants, packagingmaterials,emptycontainers,spoils,oils,lubricants,andothersimilaritems. These impacts are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The constructioncontractorwillberequiredto:  (i)PrepareandimplementWasteManagementList; (ii)Avoidstockpilingofexcessexcavatedsoils; (iii)CoordinatewithUPJNforbeneficialusesofexcessexcavatedsoilsorimmediatelydispose todesignatedareas; (iv)Recoverusedoilandlubricantsandreuseorremovefromthesites; (v)Managesolidwasteaccordingtothefollowingpreferencehierarchy:reuse,recyclingand disposaltodesignatedareas; (vi)Removeallwreckage,rubbish,ortemporarystructureswhicharenolongerrequired;and (vii)RequestPeyJalNigamtoreportinwritingthatthenecessaryenvironmentalrestoration workhasbeenadequatelyperformedbeforeacceptanceofwork.  SurfaceandGroundwaterQuality:- Another physical impact that is often associatedwith excavationistheeffectondrainageandthelocalwatertableifgroundwaterandsurfacewater collect in the voids. To ensure that water will not pond in pits and voids near subproject location, the construction contractor will be required to conduct excavation works on non- monsoonseason.  MunikiRetireceiveshighrainsduringthemonsoon,andthereareƒnumberofnaturaland man-made drainage channels criss-crossing the City to carry runoff safely. Runoff from the excavated areas, and material andwastesoil stocks likely to contain silt, andthis silt runoff willdeterioratethewaterbodiesbysilting.Large-scalesiltingcanleadtoflooding.SinceSTP siteislocatedadjacenttotheRiverChandrabhaga,therunofffromtheconstructionarealikely to affect the water body. Large scale silting may affect the flow any cause flooding. The followingmeasuresaresuggestedtomitigatetheimpact:  (i)Avoid excavation activities during monsoon. Ensure that works complete before onset of monsoon.

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(ii)Minimizeon-sitestorageofwastesoil/material. (iii) Provide interception drains to avoid submergence of trenches, and dispose the runoff quickly. (iv)ProtectionofSTPsitewithinterceptiondrains  Accessibility: - Hauling of construction materials and operation of equipment on-site can causetrafficproblems.Potentialimpactisnegativebutshorttermandreversiblebymitigation measures.Theconstructioncontractorwillberequiredto:  (i)Plantransportationroutessothatheavyvehiclesdonotusenarrowlocalroads,exceptin theimmediatevicinityofdeliverysites; (ii)Scheduletransportandhaulingactivitiesduringnon-peakhours; (iii)Locateentryandexitpointsinareaswherethereislowpotentialfortrafficcongestion; (iv)Keepthesitefreefromallunnecessaryobstructions; (v)Drivevehiclesinƒconsideratemanner; (vi)Coordinatewithgovernment’strafficdepartmentfortemporaryroaddiversionsandwith forprovisionoftrafficaidsiftransportationactivitiescannotbeavoidedduringpeakhours; and (vii) Notify affected sensitive receptors by providing sign boards informing nature and durationofconstructionworksandcontactnumbersforconcernsand/orcomplaints.  Socio-EconomicȂIncome:-Thesubprojectcomponentswillbelocatedingovernmentland. Constructionworkswillimpedetheaccessofresidentstospecificsiteinlimitedcases. The potential impacts are negative and moderate but short-term and temporary. The constructioncontractorwillberequiredto:  (i)Leavespacesforaccessbetweenmoundsofsoil; (ii)Providewalkwaysandmetalsheetswhererequiredtomaintainaccessacrossforpeople andvehicles; (iii)Increaseworkforceinfrontofcriticalareassuchasinstitutions,placeofworship,business establishment,hospitals,andschools; (iv)Consultbusinessesandinstitutionsregardingoperatinghoursandfactoringthisinwork schedules;and (v)Providesignboardsforpedestrianstoinformnatureanddurationofconstructionworks andcontactnumbersforconcernsand/orcomplaints.  Socio-Economic Ȃ Employment: - Manpower will be required during the 24 months construction stage. This can result to generation of contractual employment and increase in local revenue. Thus potential impact is positive and long-term. The construction contractor willberequiredto: (i) Employ majority of the labor force, or to the maximum extent, local persons within the projectareaifmanpowerisavailable;and (ii)Ifavailable,secureconstructionmaterialsfromlocalmarket.  OccupationalHealthandSafety:-Workersneedtobemindfuloftheoccupationalhazards whichcanarisefromworkinginheightandexcavationworks.Potentialimpactsarenegative and long-term but reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be requiredto:  (i) Develop and implement site-specific health and safety plan which will include measures suchas:(a)excludingpublicfromthesite;(b)ensuringallworkersareprovidedwithanduse Personal Protective Equipment; (c) health and safety training for all site personnel; (d)

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documentedprocedurestobefollowedforallsiteactivities;and(e)documentationofwork- relatedaccidents; (ii)Ensurethatqualifiedfirst-aidcanbeprovidedatalltimes.Equippedfirst-aidstationsshall beeasilyaccessiblethroughoutthesite; (iii)Providemedicalinsurancecoverageforworkers; (iv)Secureallinstallationsfromunauthorizedintrusionandaccidentrisks; (v)Providesuppliesofpotabledrinkingwater; (vi) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances; (vii)Providehealthandsafetyorientationtrainingtoallnewworkerstoensurethattheyare apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventinginjuringtofellowworkers; (viii)Providevisitororientationifvisitorstothesitecangainaccesstoareaswherehazardous conditionsorsubstancesmaybepresent.Ensurealsothatvisitor/sdonotenterhazardareas unescorted; (ix)Ensurethevisibilityofworkersthroughtheiruseofhighvisibilityvestswhenworkingin orwalkingthroughheavyequipmentoperatingareas; (x)Ensuremovingequipmentisoutfittedwithaudibleback-upalarms; (xi)Markandprovidesignboardsforhazardousareassuchasenergizedelectricaldevicesand lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signageshallbeinaccordancewithinternationalstandardsandbewellknownto,andeasily understoodbyworkers,visitors,andthegeneralpublicasappropriate;and (xii)Disallowworkerexposuretonoiselevelgreaterthan85decibelsforƒdurationofmore than ͺ hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforcedactively.  CommunityHealthandSafety:-Hazardsposedtothepublic,specificallyinhigh-pedestrian areasmayincludetrafficaccidentsandvehiclecollisionwithpedestrians.Inmostofthecases location of project sites at isolated area, hence health and safety risk to community is minimum.Potentialimpactisnegativebutshort-termandreversiblebymitigationmeasures.  Theconstructioncontractorwillberequiredto: (i)Planroutestoavoidtimesofpeak-pedestrianactivities; (ii) Liaise with Pey Jal Nigam/ Jal Sansthan in identifying risk areas on route cards and/or maps; (iii) Maintain regularly the vehicles and use of manufacturer-approved parts to minimize potentiallyseriousaccidentscausedbyequipmentmalfunctionorprematurefailure;and (iv)Provideroadsignsandflagpersonstowarnofdangerousconditions,incaseoflocation neartheroad.  WorkCamps:-Operationofworkcampscancausetemporaryairandnoisepollutionfrom machineoperation,waterpollutionfromstorageanduseoffuels,oils,solvents,andlubricants. Potentialimpactsarenegativebutshort-termandreversiblebymitigationmeasures.  ConsultationwithPeyJalNigamrevealedthatitisunlikelythatworkcampsarerequiredfor thissubproject.Inthecasethatitwillbeneeded,theconstructioncontractorwillberequired to:  (i)ConsultwithPeyJalNigambeforelocatingprojectoffices,sheds,andconstructionplants; (ii)Minimizeremovalofvegetationanddisallowcuttingoftrees; (iii)Providewaterandsanitationfacilitiesforemployees; (iv)Prohibitemployeesfromcuttingoftreesforfirewood;

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(v)Trainemployeesinthestorageandhandlingofmaterialswhichcanpotentiallycausesoil contamination; (vi)Recoverusedoilandlubricantsandreuseorremovefromthesite; (vii)Managesolidwasteaccordingtothefollowingpreferencehierarchy:reuse,recyclingand disposaltodesignatedareas; (viii) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer required; and (ix)RequestPeyJalNigam/JalSansthantoreportinwritingthatthecamphasbeenvacated andrestoredtopre-projectconditionsbeforeacceptanceofwork.  SocialandCulturalResources:-Forthissubproject,excavationwilloccuratspecificisolated location,soitcouldbethatthereisƒlowriskofsuchimpacts.Nevertheless,theconstruction contractorwillberequiredto:  (i)Stopworkimmediatelytoallowfurtherinvestigationifanyfindsaresuspected (ii)InformPeyJalNigamifƒfindissuspected,andtakeanyactiontheyrequireensuringits removalorprotectioninsite;and (iii)RequestPeyJalNigam/JalSansthanoranyauthorizedpersonwitharchaeologicaland/or historicalfieldtrainingtoobserveexcavation.  6.4 OperationsandMaintenanceImpacts  Themainoperationandmaintenanceactivityinvolvedinthissubprojectissewagetreatment toapplicablestandardsandclearanceofblockagesandleaksinthesewernetworkinorderto allow smooth sewage flow. Blockages in the sewers will be removed using sewer jetting equipmentormanually.Sewerswillbeaccessedthroughmanholes.Leakrepairworkwillbe similar to the sewer laying work as earlier explained. Trenches will be dug to reveal the leakingareaandthefaultysewerwillbere-fitted,orthesewerwillberemovedandreplacedif necessary.  Recurrenceofblockageandleakageproblems:Althoughtheimpactislikelytobeminimal duetonewandwelldesignefficientsystem,itshouldbeensuredthatleak/blockdetectionand restoration time is minimized to the extent possible. The project will therefore provide equipment for cleaning the sewers, including buckets and winches to remove silt via the inspection manholes, and diesel-fuelled pumps to remove blockages (jetting machines). In deep sewers and manholes, the blockage/choking may create anaerobic conditions, and produceharmfulgases.Theworkersthereforeshallbeprovidedwithappropriatepersonnel protectionequipment.  Degradationofenvironmentalqualitysuchassurfacewaterandgroundwater:Degradationof treatment efficiency may deteriorate the quality of receiving water body, the Chandrabhaga River.Thereforeitmustbeensuredthattreatedwatermeetsthesetdisposalstandards.  MitigationMeasures (i)TreatedwatershouldmeetdisposalstandardforBOD,TSS,Faecalcoliform,etc. (ii) Conduct regular (daily) wastewater quality monitoring (at inlet and outlet of treatment plant); (iii) Conduct regular (monthly) quality monitoring of Chandrabhaga River water on the downstreamsideofdisposalpoint;and (iv)Conductoccasional(twice-a-year)ambientairqualitymonitoring.  OccupationalHealthandSafetyofworkmenengagedforoperationoftheplant:STPoperation involves handling of large quantities of potentially harmful sewage and sludge. Therefore

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workersinvolvedinoperationwillbeathealthrisk,ifappropriateprecautionsarenotinplace. MitigationMeasuresare:  (i) Protective appropriate personal protective gear such as boots, gloves, masks at all the workers; (ii)Eliminatemanualhandlingofwastewater/sludge; (iii) Provide training for workers in system operation and maintenance and safety related aspects;and (iv)Ensureadequateemergencyfirst-aidfacilitiesinthefacility.  NuisancetothepeoplelivingadjacenttotheSPSƬSTP:Improperoperationandbreakdown will lead to the accumulation of untreated wastewater at the plant site that may cause malodorousconditionsandnuisancetothesurroundingpopulation.Tominimizethisimpact, Standard Operational Procedures (SOP) detailing the operational procedures, preventive maintenance of equipment etc. will be prepared. Regular training shall be provided to the workmen and staff. Green buffer zone will help in reducing nuisances and will enhance aesthetic condition of area. Dedicated power line will be provided for operation of STP and SPS.  6.5 SocialManagementPlan  Socialmitigationplansduringconstructionphase Based on the identified social issues, doable mitigation plans are proposed. Some of these measuresarealreadylistedintheDPRs,andsomeofthemareadditionallyrecommendedfor socialdevelopmentoftheprojectandtheconcernedstakeholders.  SocialFactor Outcome LossofLand There is no private land acquisition involved in the project. Onlygovt.willbeusedforprojectcomponents LandAvailability/Requirement Noprivatelandisrequiredfortheproposedproject. Lossofstructures Assuchnotitleholderstructurewillbeaffected. Lossoflivelihood Assuchtheprojectwillnotaffectanylivelihood.Infactitwill openthechancesofmorelivelihoodsforthelocalpeople.  i.Impactonhumanhealth MitigationMeasure:Acousticenclosuresorhoardingscanbeconstructedattheproposedsites Mitigationplaninvolvestheerectionoftemporaryenclosuresaroundconstructionsites.These barrierswillhelpentrapsomeofthedustthatisbroughtupindigging.  They will also provide safety benefits, to be detailed below. According to the interaction/consultation with the key stakeholders, it was said that contractors are doing watersprinklingintheconstructionarea.  ii.TrafficCongestion MitigationMeasure:Re-routetrafficwheneverpossibleandemployingtrafficpolicetomanage thetrafficmovement.Trafficmustbere-routedtofacilitateeaseofmovement.Propersignage should provide detailed information on the dates and duration of road closures and which detourswillbeavailable,ideallywellinadvanceofactualconstructionsoresidentscanplan accordingly. Strategic placement of traffic police at critical intersections will also facilitate betterflowoftraffic.PlansandbudgetforthesemeasuresarealreadyincludedintheDPR.  iii.Impactonlivelihood Sewerconstructionswillinvariableleadtoroadclosures,whichwilladverselyaffectshopson

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thosestreets.Thefirstpriorityisforthecontractortotakethenecessarymeasurestoensure that pedestrians always have access to shops, vendors, etc. For mobile vendors, this may includeadjustingthelocationofthecart,etc.toƒsimilarlocationintheimmediatevicinityof theoriginallocationforthedurationoftheproject.Projectsshouldalsoproceedonschedule soastominimizedisruptionAdditionally,clean-upofdebrisandclearanceofblockagesshould commenceimmediatelyafterprojectcompletionsoastoremoveanypotentialobstaclesthat mightpreventcustomersfromaccessingbusinessesorotherdisruptions.  Intheeventthatthecontractor,despitebestefforts,isunabletoavoidblockagesoftheroads and/ordisruption of local businesses, some compensation is necessary. The ESMF currently mandates compensation only in the case of permanent livelihood loss or displacement and providesnoprovisionsforlivelihoodlossofmobilevendors.  Additionally, no regulation, policy, guideline, etc. exists which can provide precedent or guidance in this instance. ESMF clearly states that mobile/ambulatory hawkers: fruit cart vendors,etc.whocaneasilyrelocatefallintothiscategory.Thesevendorsaremosteligiblefor ƒ temporary relocation just outside the construction area, and will thus not be eligible for compensationasisthecaseforthisproposedproject.Howeverifduringtheconstructionof theprojectanypartyfaceslivelihoodlossduetotheproposedproject,thenthatpartyshould becompensatedaccordingtotheentitlementmatrixgivenintheESMFreport.  iv.Impactonexistingutilityservices  MitigationMeasure: • Circulatingthelayoutplansoftheexistingundergroundalignmentneartheworksite. • Contacting the relevant department in case there is any damage to any of the utility servicesandensuringpromptfixing/replacingofdamagedinfrastructure  Temporaryshiftingofpower/waterlinesforconstructionpurposesisalreadybudgetedforin theDPR.Nevertheless,allconstructionpersonnelmustreceivedetailedlayoutplansofexisting undergroundstructurestopreventaccidentalwater/electricitysupplydisruptions. The relevant departments should also be made aware of the timing and location of digging near supply lines so they can make the necessary preparations to respond swiftly to disruptions.  Safetyhazards MitigationMeasure:Fencingoftheexcavationsiteandprovidingpropercautionsignboards. As mentioned above, fencing should be erected around constructionsites and appropriately markedwithcautionsignage.Thesefences/signsshouldremaininplaceevenifconstructionis notactive,solongasƒhazard(e.g.openpit)remains.  vi.FailuretoRestoreTemporaryConstructionSites Asmentionedabove,provisionstorehabilitateroadsandcleardebrisarealreadyincludedin theDPR.  viii.PublicNotice:accordingtothesuggestiongivenbylocalsduringtheinterview. Government and contractor should give ƒ prior notice to each and every locality with the details of project, street wise start date of construction and street wise end date of construction, contact person during emergency. This information would help them better adjusttothesituationandmakenecessaryadjustmentsandprovisions.  ix. Health Programme for Workers: If un-sanitary conditions prevail at workers camp, healthprogrammesfortheirwell-beingshouldbeimplemented.

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 46 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

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 Socialmitigationplansduringoperationphase  Noise pollution due to improper handling of machines: proper O&M should be carried out during the operation phase to ensure least disturbance is caused to the neighbouring residents.  Mitigationmeasuresadoptedbylocalsduringsimilarnatureofprojectactivities From the field surveys and interviewingthe locals includingshop-owners, residents, mobile vendors,followinglocaladaptivemeasureshavebeenrecorded; x Usingtransparentplasticsheetstoblockentryofdustintoshops x Avoidingopeningofwindows,especiallywhentheconstructionisgoingon x Takingdifferentroutesifpossibletoavoidareaswhereconstructionishappening x Layingwoodenplankovertheexcavatedpitsformakingaccessroutetohouseorshops x Mobile vendors stated that they place their carts at some other place and vacate constructionareaforthetimewhenconstructionison x Manypublicinstituteslikehospitals,schoolsandcollegesreportedthattheyhavemore thanonegatewhichmakestheaccesseasierduringconstructionperiod.

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 47 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

7. EnvironmentandSocialDevelopmentOutcomesandIssues  x Accesstosewernetwork:Thisservicewillcatertotheprojectedpopulationuntilthe year 2045. According to the DPR, population in Muni ki Reti is expected to increase from 13,943in2015to23,555by2045andfrom24,610in2015to47,117by2045inDhalwala.In this time, waste water generation is expected to increase from 3.830 MLD to 7,020 KLD. IncreasedseweragewillpreventoutflowofwastewatertotheGanga.  x Better hygienic conditions: The sewerage network will provide improved environmentalconditionsduetothecontainedhandlingofwastes,leadingtoimprovedpublic healthconditionsandwilllikelyreducetheaveragemedicalexpensesoftheresidentsinthe projectareas.AccordingtoDPRthisareaiscompletelyun-seweredandwastewaterfindsits wayintotheriverthroughopendrains.Theseareassufferfrompowerfulodorsandgreater amounts of flies/mosquitoes, which will be mitigated with the sewerage connection and overallimprovementinenvironmentandhealthisanticipatedfromthisproject.  Increaseinhouseholdconnections:100%sewerconnectionhasbeenproposedforMuniki RetiȂDhalwalaandthiswillbeachievedby2013.  Decreaseinwaterpollution:Becauseofthesewerlineconnection,allthewastewaterwill becollectedanddirectedtotreatmentplant,whichonlyaftertreatmentwillbedisposedofto the river, hence decreasing the pollutant load in the river. Due to current pollution, water qualityintheriverGangaisimpairedattheMunikiRetiDhalwala.  Increase in aesthetic value of the project area: connection to sewer lines enhance the aestheticvalueofthearea,astherewillbemorecleanlinessandnowastewaterdischargeto openarea.Thiswillalsoleadtoappreciationinthepropertyvalue.Thiswilleventuallyleadto increaseinstandardoflivingofthepeopleintheprojectsite.Thesupportforthisstatement comesfromthecounter-factualscenarioobservedinareaswithonlynalas(badodor,insects, etc.). 

  Rawsewerisflowinginnaturalrainwaterdrain(Existingconditions)  Culturalsentiments:Propersewagedisposalwouldincreasetheriverwaterquality.Asthe holy river is attached to many rituals and customs, enhanced river water quality would connecttosentimentsofthepeople.Especiallyduring`KumbhMela'betterwaterqualityfor bathingwouldbeboonforpilgrims.   

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 48 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

7.1 SocialDevelopmentIssuesinProjectVicinityandSocialServicestobeprovided bytheproject  The social benefits of the proposed project are given aboveǤ The social services required to ensurethatthesebenefitsarerealizedaregivenbelow:  EnsurebackwardsectionofthesocietygetsthefacilityǣSomeresidentscomplainedthat theydidnotfeeltheypersonallywouldbenefitfromtheprojectastheirhousesdidnothave sewerconnection.Thus,increasinghouseholdconnectionswillensurethatprojectbenefitsare equitably distributed. Special care should be taken to ensure access for backward and vulnerablesectionsofthesociety.FullbenefitsofthefacilitiesproposedunderDPRcannotbe realizedunlessƒprogrammetoimprovecoverageofbranchsewersandhouseholdconnection iscarriedinparallel.  Increasingpublictoiletfacilities:Similarlyincreasingpublictoiletfacilitieswillensurethat residents of Muni ki Reti Ǧ Dhalwala without permanent housing and tourists (especially visiting during `Kumbh Mela and Char Dham Yatra' are able to benefit from the increased sewerageaccess.IncreasingtoiletaccesswilldecreasepracticessuchasOpenDefecation.This eventuallywouldleadtobetterwaterqualityandwouldhavebetterenvironmentandsocial ramifications.  Targeting of economically weaker communities: for construction jobs related to sub- project:Inordertoensurethattheeconomicbenefitsofthesub-projectisfeltbythoseinneed, thosefrombackwardcommunitiesshouldbespecificallytargetedforrelevantjobs.  Properclean-upofprojectdebris:Inordertomaximizeaestheticbenefitsandensurethat debrisdoesnotclogsewerpath,properclean-upofprojectareasmustbeperformedafterthe projectiscompleted.Collectionanddisposalofdebrisisessentialforproperfunctionofother essential processes like traffic routing, pedestrian pathways, and clearance of dust and particlescausingpollution.Cleanareawill also enhancetheaestheticvalue andincreasethe propertyrateofthearea. 

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 49 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Table7.1:AnticipatedImpactsandMitigationMeasuresȂPre-constructionEnvironmentalMitigationPlan Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible for MonitoringofMitigation Mitigation Environmental CTEandCTOarerequiredfrom Pursue all clearances and follow up with PeyJalNigam Pey Jal Nigam to follow up clearances the SPCB in order to implement relevantauthorities withSPCBonclearances the project. Land allotment letter required.Ifnotpursuedontimely basis,thiscandelaytheproject. Utilities Telephone lines, electric poles (i) Identify and include locations and PeyJalNigam (i) List of affected utilities andwires,waterandsewerlines operators of these utilities in the detailed and operators; (ii) bid within the existing bridge right- design documents to prevent unnecessary document to include of-way(ROW)maybedamaged. disruption of services during construction requirement for ƒ phase;and contingency plan for service (ii) Require construction contractors to interruptions prepare ƒ contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruptionofservices. Social and Cultural Ground disturbance can uncover (i)Consideralternativesifthesiteisfound PeyJalNigam ChanceFindsProtocol Resources and damage archaeological and tobeofmediumorhighrisk; historicalremains (ii) Include state and local archaeological, cultural and historical authorities, and interest groups in consultation forums as projectstakeholderssothattheirexpertise canbemadeavailable;and (iii)Developƒprotocolforusebythe construction contractors in conducting any excavationwork,toensurethatanychance finds are recognised and measures are taken to ensure they are protected and conserved. Construction work Disruptiontotrafficflowand (i) Prioritize areas within or nearest Pey Jal Nigam to Listofselectedsitesfor camps,hotmix sensitivereceptors possible vacant space in the subproject determine locations construction work camps, plants, stockpile sites; prior to award of hot mix plants, stockpile areas,storageareas, (ii)Ifitisdeemednecessarytolocate construction areas, storage areas, and anddisposalareas. elsewhere, consider sites that will not contracts. disposalareas. promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation,

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 50 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible for MonitoringofMitigation Mitigation irrigation, and drinking water supply systems; (iii)Donotconsiderresidentialareas; (iv) Take extreme care in selecting sites to avoid direct disposal to water body or in areas which will inconvenience the community.  Table7.2:AnticipatedImpactsandMitigationMeasuresȂConstructionEnvironmentalMitigationPlan Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible MonitoringofMitigation forMitigation AirQuality Emissions from (i) Consult with PeyJalNigamȀJalSansthan on the Construction (i) Location of stockpiles; (ii) construction vehicles, designatedareasforstockpilingofclay,soils,gravel,and Contractor complaints from sensitive equipment, and machinery otherconstructionmaterials; receptors; (iii) heavy used for excavation and (iii)Dampdownexposedsoilandanystockpiledonsite equipment and machinery construction resulting to bysprayingwithwaterwhennecessaryduringdry with air pollution control dusts and increase in weather; devices (iii) ambient air for concentration of vehicle- (iv)Usetarpaulinstocoversandandotherloosematerial respirable particulate matter related pollutants such as whentransportedbytrucks;and (RPM) and suspended carbon monoxide, sulfur (v) Fit all heavy equipment and machinery with air particulate matter (SPM); (iv) oxides, particulate matter, pollutioncontroldeviceswhichareoperatingcorrectly. vehicular emissions such as nitrous oxides, and sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrous hydrocarbons) oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons Surface water Mobilization of settled silt (i) Avoidstockpilingofearthfillespeciallyduringthe Construction (i)Areasforstockpiles,storage quality materials, run-off from monsoonseasonunlesscoveredbytarpaulinsorplastic Contractor of fuels and lubricants and stockpiled materials, and sheets; wastematerials;(ii)numberof chemical contamination (ii)Prioritizere-useofexcessspoilsandmaterialsinthe silt traps installed along from fuels and lubricants construction works. If spoils will be disposed, consult drainages leading to water during construction works withPeyJalNigam/JalSansthanondesignateddisposal bodies; (iii) records of surface can contaminate areas; water quality inspection; (iv) downstream surface water (iii)Installtemporarysilttrapsorsedimentationbasins effectiveness of water quality. alongthedrainageleadingtothewaterbodies; managementmeasures;(v)for (iv) Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away inland water: suspended

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 51 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible MonitoringofMitigation forMitigation fromanydrainageleadingtowaterbodies; solidsǡoilandgrease, (v) Dispose any wastes generated by construction biological oxygen demand activitiesindesignatedsites;and (BOD),andcoliforms. (vi) Conductsurface quality inspectionaccording to the EnvironmentalManagementPlan(EMP). NoiseLevels Increase in noise level due (i)PlanactivitiesinconsultationwithPeyJalNigamȀJal Construction (i) Complaints from sensitive to earth-moving and Sansthansothatactivitieswiththegreatestpotentialto Contractor receptors; (ii) use of silencers excavation equipment, and generate noise are conducted during periods of the day in noise-producing equipment the transportation of whichwillresultinleastdisturbance; and sound barriers; (iii) equipment, materials, and (ii) Require horns not be used unless it is necessary to equivalent day and night time people warnotherroadusersoranimalsofthevehicle’s levels approach; (iii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise- reducingmufflers,andportablestreetbarriersthesound impacttosurroundingsensitivereceptor;and (iv)Maintainmaximumsoundlevelsnotexceeding80 decibels(dbA)whenmeasuredatƒdistanceof10or morefromthevehicle/s. Existing Disruptionofserviceand (i) Obtain from PeyJalNigamȀJalSansthanthelistof Construction (i) Existing Utilities Infrastructure damage to existing affectedutilitiesandoperators; Contractor ContingencyPlan; andFacilities infrastructure located (ii)Prepareƒcontingencyplantoincludeactionstobe alongside roads, in doneincaseofunintentionalinterruptionofservices; particular water supply pipesandsewerlines. Landscape and Solid wastes as well as (i)PrepareandimplementWasteManagementPlan; Construction (i) Waste Management Plan; Aesthetics excess construction (ii)Avoidstockpilingofexcessexcavatedsoils; Contractor (ii) complaints from sensitive materials (ii) Coordinate with Local body for beneficial uses of receptors; (iii) Pey Jal Nigam/ excess excavated soils or immediately dispose to JalSansthantoreportin designatedareas; writing that the necessary (iv)Recoverusedoilandlubricantsandreuseorremove environmental restoration fromthesites; work has been adequately (v) Manage solid waste according to the following performed before acceptance preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to ofwork. designatedareas; (vi) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 52 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible MonitoringofMitigation forMitigation structures (such as buildings, shelters, and latrines) whicharenolongerrequired;and (vii)RequestPeyJalNigam/JalSansthantoreportin writing that the necessary environmental restoration workhasbeenadequatelyperformedbeforeacceptance ofwork. Accessibility Traffic problems and (i) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do Construction (i) Traffic Management Plan; conflicts in right-of-way not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate Contractor (ii) complaints from sensitive (ROW) vicinityofdeliverysites; receptors;(iii)numberof (ii)Scheduletransportandhaulingactivitiesduringnon- signages placed at subproject peakhours; sites. (iii)Locateentryandexitpointsinareaswherethereis lowpotentialfortrafficcongestion; (iv)Keepthesitefreefromallunnecessaryobstructions; (v)Drivevehiclesinƒconsideratemanner; (vi) CoordinatewithLocal Body/ traffic department for temporary road diversions and with for provision of trafficaidsiftransportationactivitiescannotbeavoided duringpeakhours;and (vii)Notifyaffectedsensitivereceptorsbyprovidingsign boards informing nature and duration of construction worksandcontactnumbersforconcerns/complaints. Socio-Economic Impede the access of (i)Leavespacesforaccessbetweenmoundsofsoil; Construction (i) Complaints from sensitive ȂIncome. residentsandcustomersto (ii)Provide walkwaysand metal sheets where required Contractor receptors;(ii)numberof nearbyshops to maintain access across trenches for people and walkways,signages,andmetal vehicles; sheets placed at subproject (iii)Increaseworkforceinfrontofcriticalareassuchas sites. institutions, place of worship, business establishment, hospitals,andschools; (iv) Consult businesses and institutions regarding operatinghoursandfactoringthisinworkschedules;and (v)Providesignboardsforpedestrianstoinformnature anddurationofconstructionworksandcontactnumbers forconcerns/complaints. Socio-Economic Generation of contractual (i)Employatleast50%ofthelaborforce,ortothe Construction (i) Employment records; (ii) ǦEmployment employment and increase maximum extent, local persons within the 2-km Contractor recordsofsourcesofmaterials Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 53 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible MonitoringofMitigation forMitigation inlocalrevenue immediateareaifmanpowerisavailable;and (ii)Secureconstructionmaterialsfromlocalmarket. Occupational Occupational hazards (i)Developandimplementsite-specificHealthandSafet› Construction (i) Site-specific Health and Health and which can arise from (Hands) Plan which will include measures such as: (a) Contractor Safety(HandS)Plan; Safety working in infrastructures excluding publicfrom the site; (b) ensuring all workers (ii)Equippedfirst-aidstations; likeroadsandbridges are provided with and use Personal Protective (iii) Medical insurance Equipment;(c)HandsTrainingforallsitepersonnel;(d) coverageforworkers; documented procedures to be followed for all site (iv)Numberofaccidents; activities; and (e) documentation of work-related (v) Supplies of potable accidents; drinkingwater; (ii)Ensurethatqualifiedfirst-aidcanbeprovidedatall (vi) Clean eating areas where times. Equipped first-aid stations shall be easily workersarenotexposedto accessiblethroughoutthesite; hazardous or noxious (iii)Providemedicalinsurancecoverageforworkers; substances; (iv) Secure allinstallationsfrom unauthorized intrusion (vii) record of HandS andaccidentrisks; orientationtrainings (v)Providesuppliesofpotabledrinkingwater; (viii) personal protective (vi) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not equipments; exposedtohazardousornoxioussubstances; (ix)Ψofmovingequipment (vii)Provide Ƭorientationtrainingtoallnew outfitted with audible back-up workerstoensurethattheyareapprisedofthebasicsite alarms; rulesofworkatthesite,personalprotectiveprotection, (xi) sign boards for hazardous andpreventinginjuringtofellowworkers; areas such as energized (viii)Providevisitororientationifvisitorstothesitecan electrical devices and lines, gain access to areas where hazardous conditions or service rooms housing high substancesmaybepresent.Ensurealsothatvisitor/sdo voltage equipment, and areas notenterhazardareasunescorted; forstorageanddisposal. (ix)Ensurethevisibilityofworkersthroughtheiruseof  highvisibilityvestswhenworkinginorwalkingthrough heavyequipmentoperatingareas; (x) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-upalarms; (xi)Markandprovidesignboardsforhazardousareas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service roomshousinghighvoltageequipment,andareasfor storageanddisposal.Signageshallbeinaccordancewith Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 54 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible MonitoringofMitigation forMitigation internationalstandardsandbewellknownto,andeasily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public asappropriate;and (xii) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than85dBAforƒdurationofmorethanͺhoursperday withouthearingprotection.Theuseofhearingprotection shallbeenforcedactively. Community Traffic accidents and (i)Planroutestoavoidtimesofpeak-pedestrian Construction (i) Traffic Management Plan; Health and vehicle collision with activities. Contractor (ii) complaints from sensitive Safety. pedestrians. Work site (ii)LiaisewithPeyJalNigam/JalSansthaninidentifying receptors safety high-riskareasonroutecards/maps. (iii)Maintainregularlythevehiclesanduseof manufacturer-approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or prematurefailure. (iv)Provideroadsignsandflagpersonstowarnof dangerousconditions. (v)Providefencestokeeppublicoutofworkareasand ensurenotrespassingforcommunitysafety WorkCamps Temporary air and noise (i) Consult with Pey Jal NigamȀJalSansthanbefore Constructio (i) Complaints from sensitive pollution from machine locatingprojectoffices,sheds,andconstructionplants; Contractor receptors;(ii)waterand operation, water pollution (ii)Minimizeremovalofvegetationanddisallowcutting sanitation facilities for from storage and use of oftrees; employees;and(iii)PeyJal fuels, oils, solvents, and (iii)Providewaterandsanitationfacilitiesforemployees; Nigam/JalSansthanreportin lubricants (iv) Prohibit employees from poaching wildlife and writingthatthecamphasbeen cuttingoftreesforfirewood; vacated and restored to pre- (v)Trainemployeesinthestorageandhandlingof projectconditions materialswhichcanpotentiallycausesoilcontamination; (vi)Recoverusedoilandlubricantsandreuseorremove fromthesite; (vii) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designatedareas; (viii) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures (such as buildings, shelters, and latrines) whicharenolongerrequired;and Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 55 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible MonitoringofMitigation forMitigation (ix) Request Pey Jal NigamȀJalSansthantoreportin writingthatthecamphasbeenvacatedandrestoredto pre-projectconditionsbeforeacceptanceofwork. Social and Risk of archaeological (i)Strictlyfollowtheprotocolforchancefindsinany Construction (i)Recordsofchancefinds Cultural chancefinds excavationwork; Contractor Resources (ii)RequestPeyJalNigam/JalSansthanorany authorized person with archaeological field training to observeexcavation; (iii)Stopworkimmediatelytoallowfurtherinvestigation ifanyfindsaresuspected;and (iv)InformPeyJalNigam/JalSansthanifƒfindis suspected,andtakeanyactiontheyrequireensuringits removalorprotectioninsitu.  Table7.3:AnticipatedImpactsandMitigationMeasuresȂOperationandMaintenanceEnvironmentalMitigationPlan Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible for MonitoringofMitigation Mitigation WaterQuality deterioration of (i)EnsuretreatedwatercomplieswithGOIStandards JalSansthanandƬ (i) Inland parameters: colour surface and forDischargestoInlandWatersandLandfor Contractors and odour, suspended solids, groundwaterquality Irrigation particle size of suspended solids, pH value, temperature, oil and grease, total residual chlorine, ammonical nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, free ammonia, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, heavy metals, cyanide, fluoride, dissolved phosphates, sulfide and phenoliccompounds.  (ii)LandforIrrigation:colour and odour, suspended solids, pHvalue,oilandgrease, biochemical oxygen demand,

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 56 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible for MonitoringofMitigation Mitigation arsenic,andcyanide Occupational Adverse impacts on (i)Ensurepersonsemployedwillbeprovidedwith Jal Sansthan and OandM (i) Records of training; (ii) HealthandSafety the appearance of suitable equipment (such as shovels and Contractors HandS Plan Management Plan surrounding wheelbarrows);and approvedbyJalSansthan environment and (ii)Ensureallremovedmaterialwillbedepositedin exposureofworkers themunicipalwastestoragebins. to hazardous debris (iii)ArrangementofoxygenandPPEforlaborer and gases from duringrepairingwork sewagepipeline Ǥ General may cause (i) Refill and re-compact trenches soiland backfilled Jal Sansthan and ƬM Complaints from sensitive maintenance disturbance to sandwillberemovedtoexposetheleakingjunction Contractors receptors sensitive receptors, orpipe; dusts, increase in (ii)Conductworkduringnon-monsoonperiod;and noiselevel Coverorwetexcavatedmaterialtopreventdusts. Economic Impediments to (i) Inform all residents and businesses about the Jal Sansthan and ƬM Complaints from sensitive Development residents and natureanddurationofanyworkwellinadvanceso Contractors receptors businesses thattheycanmakepreparationsifnecessary; (ii) Conduct these works to provide wooden walkways across trenches for pedestrians and metal sheetswherevehicleaccessisrequired;and (iii)Consultthelocalpoliceregardinganysuchwork sothatitcanbeplannedtoavoidtrafficdisruptionas faraspossible,androaddiversionscanbeorganised ifnecessary. (iv)SupplyofsewagesludgefromSTPtofarmersfor use in farming Ȃ economic development through utilizationofwastematerial SocialandCultural Temporary (i) Consult the town authorities to identify any Jal Sansthan and O Ƭ  Complaints from sensitive Resources disruption of buildingsatriskfromvibrationdamageandavoiding Contractors receptors activities any use of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles in the vicinity; (ii)Completeworkintheseareasquickly; (iii) Provide wooden bridges for pedestrians and metalsheetsforvehiclestoallowaccessacrossopen trencheswhererequired;and (iv) Consult municipal authorities, custodians of Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 57 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible for MonitoringofMitigation Mitigation importantbuildings,culturalandtourismauthorities andlocalcommunitiesinadvanceoftheworkto identifyandaddresskeyissues,andavoidworkingat sensitive times, such as religious and cultural festivals. 

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 58 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Table 7. 4: - Environnemental Monitoring Plan Environmenta Projectstage Parameters to be Location Frequency Standards Implementation Supervision Žcomponent monitored 1.AirQuality A. Pre-construction PM10ǡ PM2.5ǡ SO2ǡ NOx, Insideandoutside Onetime NationalAirquality Contractor by NABL Contractor/Pey  stage (The project SPM,COalongwith (0.5 km) of the standardsofCPCB accreditlaboratory JalNigam onceassignedto Meteorological data- proposedSTP contractor) temperatureHumidity, wind speed, wind direction B. Construction PM10ǡ PM2.5ǡ SO2ǡ NOx, Insideandoutside Two times NationalAirquality Contractor by NABL Contractor/Pey Stage SPM,COalongwith (0.5 km) of the (onceinƒ standardsofCPCB accreditlaboratory JalNigam  Meteorological data- proposedSTP year) temperatureHumidity, wind speed, wind direction C.OperationStage PM10ǡ PM2.5ǡ SO2ǡ NOx, Insideandoutside Onetime NationalAirquality Contractor by NABL O&   SPM,COalongwith (0.5 km) of the standardsofCPCB accreditlaboratory Contractor/ Jal Meteorological data- proposedSTP Sansthan temperatureHumidity, wind speed, wind direction 2.WaterQuality A. Pre-construction EC, TSS, DO, BOD, P  Nearest Onetime National water ContractorbyNABL Contractor/Pey stage (The project Oilandgrease,Pb, downstream qualitystandardsof accreditlaboratory JalNigam once assigned to handpump /well CPCB contractor) aroundtheSTP andSPS B. Construction EC, TSS, DO, BOD, PH, Nearest Three National water ContractorbyNABL Contractor/Pey Stage Oilandgrease,Pb downstream times/year qualitystandardsof accreditlaboratory JalNigam  handpump /well CPCB aroundtheSTP andSPS C.OperationStage EC, TSS, DO, BOD, P  Nearest Yearly National water ContractorbyNABL Ƭ  Oilandgrease,Pb downstream qualitystandardsof accreditlaboratory Contractor/ Jal handpump /well CPCB Sansthan aroundtheSTP andSPS

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 59 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including Preparation of Feasibility ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Environmenta Projectstage Parameters to be Location Frequency Standards Implementation Supervision Žcomponent monitored 3.Noise/ A. Pre-construction Noiselevel(dBlevel) Insideandoutside  single CPCB standards for ContractorbyNABL Contractor/Pey Vibration stage (The project (0.25 km) of the time Noise and accreditlaboratory JalNigam once assigned to proposedtheSTP vibrations contractor) andSPS

B. Construction Noiselevel(dBlevel) Insideandoutside ʹ times/ CPCB standards for ContractorbyNABL Contractor/Pey Stage (0.25 km) of the year Noise and accreditlaboratory JalNigam  proposedtheSTP vibrations andSPS C.OperationStage Noiselevel(dBlevel) Insideandoutside ͵ CPCB standards for ContractorbyNABL Ƭ  (0.25 km) of the times/year Noise and accreditlaboratory Contractor/ Jal proposedtheSTP vibrations Sansthan andSPS 4.Soil A. Pre-construction PH, Sulfate (SO͵ ), Insideandoutside  single As per CPCB ContractorbyNABL Contractor/Pey stage (The project Chloride, ORP, water (just close to the time standards accreditlaboratory JalNigam after assign to SolublesaltsEC, proposed site, ʹ contractor) Organic Matter, locations) of the MoistureContent proposedtheSTP andSPS B. Construction PH, Sulfate (SO͵ ), Insideandoutside Twotimes As per CPCB ContractorbyNABL Contractor/Pey Stage Chloride, ORP, water (just close to the standards accreditlaboratory JalNigam  SolublesaltsEC, proposed site, ʹ Organic Matter, locations) of the MoistureContent proposedtheSTP andSPS C.OperationStage PH, Sulfate (SO͵ ), Insideandoutside  single As per CPCB ContractorbyNABL Ƭ  Chloride, ORP, water (just close to the time standards accreditlaboratory Contractor/ Jal SolublesaltsEC, proposed site, ʹ Sansthan Organic Matter, locations) of the MoistureContent proposedtheSTP andSPS

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 60 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

7.2 EMPCosts  Most of the mitigation measures require the Construction Contractors to adopt good site practice,whichshouldbepartoftheirnormalproceduresalready,sothereareunlikelytobe major costs associated with compliance. Regardless of this, any costs of mitigation by the construction contractors or Pey Jal Nigam/ Jal Sansthan are included in the budgets for the civilworksanddonotneedtobeestimatedseparatelyhere.  The remaining actions inthe EMP arethe various environmental monitoring activities to be conducted by the Environmental Monitoring Specialist. These have not been budgeted elsewhere, and their costs are shown in Table 7.5Ǥ The figures show that the total cost of environmentalmanagementandmonitoringforthesubprojectasƒwhole(coveringdesign,ʹ yearsofconstructionandthefirstfiveyearsofoperation)isINR6,94,000.00.  Table7.5:EnvironmentalManagementandMonitoringCosts(INR)forPre-construction andconstructionPhase(aspertable7.4) Unit Item Nos TotalQuantity TotalCost Cost AirqualityMonitoringƬMetrologicaldataat Ͷ 12 11,500 1,38,000.00 ͵locations WaterQualityMonitoringat͵locations ͹ 21 4,000 84,000.00 NoiseȀvibrationat͵locations ͷ 15 2,000 30,000.00 Soilanalysisat͵locations Ͷ 12 3,500 42,000.00 Environmentalmitigationmeasuresincluding bufferzonedevelopment-plantationnearSTP  Lumpsum 4,00,000 4,00,000.00 andSPS TOTAL 6,94,000.00   

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 61 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

8. Conclusion  TheenvironmentalimpactsofallelementsoftheinfrastructureproposedundertheMuniki RetiǦDhalwalaSewerageandSanitationSubprojectwereassessed.Potentialnegativeimpacts wereidentifiedinrelationtobothconstructionandoperationoftheimprovedinfrastructure, butnomajorimpactswereidentifiedasbeingduetoeithertheprojectdesignorlocation.Only forconstructionofSTPdiversionofforestlandisnecessary.Mitigationmeasureshavebeen developed in generic way to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. These were discussed with specialists responsible for the engineering aspects, and as ƒ result some measureshavealreadybeenincludedintheoutlinedesignsfortheinfrastructure.Thismeans thatthenumberofimpactsandtheirsignificancehasalreadybeenreducedbyamendingthe design.  During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise from the need to dispose of large quantities of waste soil and import ƒ similar amount of sand to support the pipes in the trenches;andfromthedisturbanceofresidents,businesses,trafficandimportantbuildingsby theconstructionwork.Thesearecommonimpactsofconstructioninurbanareas,andthere arewelldevelopedmethodsfortheirmitigation.  Oncethesystemisoperating,mostfacilities(STP,pumpinghouse)willoperatewithroutine maintenance,whichshouldnotaffecttheenvironment.Leaksinthesewagenetworkwillneed toberepairedfromtimetotime,butenvironmentalimpactswillbemuchlessthanthoseof theconstructionperiodastheworkwillbeinfrequent,affectingsmallareasonly.Itwillalsobe conducted in areas that have already been excavated, so there will be no need to protect archaeologicalmaterial.  The regular removal of sludge from the treatment reactor ponds should also have no environmental impacts, and if tests show that the drying procedure removes bacterial contaminationthematerialshouldbesoldtofarmerstofertilizesoil, asthiswillprovidean environmentalgainandsomecostrecovery.  Themainimpactsoftheoperatingseweragesystemwillbebeneficial ashumanwastefrom thoseareasservedbythenewnetworkwillberemovedrapidlyandtreatedtoanacceptable standard. This will improve the environment and appearance of these areas, and the health andqualityoflifeofthecitizens.Diseasesofpoorsanitationshouldbereduced,whichshould lead to economic gains as people will be away from work less and will spend less on healthcare,sotheirincomesshouldincrease.  Mitigationwillbeassuredbyƒprogramofenvironmentalmonitoringconductedduringboth construction and operation to ensure that all measures are provided as intended, and to determinewhethertheenvironmentisprotectedasenvisaged.Thiswillincludeobservations on and off site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries, and any requirements for remedial action will be reported to the Pey Jal Nigam. There will also be longer-termsurveystomonitorthequalityofdischargedtreatedeffluentandhealthstatusin vicinityofthefacility. 

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 62 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Annexure-1 NOCfromDhalwalaGramPanchayatforSTPland



Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 63 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA



Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 64 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Annexure-2 MinutesofMeetingwithMunikiRetiNagarPanchayatandDhalwalaGramPanchayat

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 65 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 66 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA

Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan 67 AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi

Annexure – 3 Census Population of Muni ki Reti

Source : http://tehri.nic.in