SFG1690 V12 UTTARAKHAND PEY JAL SANSADHAN VIKAS EVAM NIRMAN NIGAM Public Disclosure Authorized [GOVERNMENT OF UTTARAKHAND] Environmental and Social Assessment with Management Plan for Sewerage Works OF MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Year : 2013-2014 Project Manager Programme Director AECOM India Pvt. Ltd. Construction & Maintenance Unit (Ganga) State Program Management Group 9th Floor, Infinity Tower C, Uttarakhand Peyjal Nigam National Ganga River Basin Authority DLF Cyber City, DLF Phase – II, Haridwar (Uttarakhand) 117, Indira Nagar, Dehradun Gurgaon, Haryana (Uttarakhand) Tableofcontains 1. Introduction ͳ 1.1 GangaCleanupInitiatives ͳ 1.2 TheGangaRiverBasinProject ͳ 1.3 TheprojectArea ʹ 2. ProjectDescription ͵ 2.1 AbouttheCity ͵ 2.2 GeographicalLocation Ͷ 2.3 Climate ͷ 2.4 Topography ͷ 2.5 Necessityofthisproject ͷ 2.6 Projectcomponents ͸ 3. ApproachandMethodology ͻ 3.1 Methodology ͻ 3.2 Potentialenvironmentimpactsoftheproject 10 4. RegulationsandLegalFramework 12 4.1 ApplicableLawsandRegulationsȂEnvironmental 12 4.2 ApplicableLawsandRegulationsǦSocial 14 4.3 OtherLegislationsapplicabletoConstructionProjectsunderNGRBA 15 5. BaselineStatus 18 5.1 GeographicalLocation 18 5.2 Administrativedivisions 18 5.3 Climate 19 5.4 Topography 19 5.5 AirQuality 20 5.6 Noise 20 5.7 Drainage 23 5.8 BiodiversityandEcological 24 5.9 ProtectedAreas 25 5.10 Economicalactivities 32 5.11 Industrialactivities 32 5.12 Educationalactivities 33 5.13 Culturalactivities 33 5.14 Religiousactivities 33 6. EnvironmentalandSocialImpacts 36 6.1 PotentialEnvironmentalImpacts 36 6.2 Pre-constructionImpacts 36 6.3 ConstructionImpacts 39 6.4 OperationsandMaintenanceImpacts 44 6.5 SocialManagementPlan 45 7. EnvironmentandSocialDevelopmentOutcomesandIssues 48 7.1 SocialDevelopmentIssuesinProjectVicinityandSocialServicestobeprovidedby theproject 49 7.2 EMPCosts 61 8. Conclusion 62 Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA 1. Introduction TheriverGangahassignificanteconomic,environmentalandculturalvalueinIndia.Risingin theHimalayasandflowingintotheBayofBengal,therivertraversescourseofmorethan 2,500 km through the plains of north and eastern India. The Ganga main stem Ȃ which also extends into parts of Nepal, China and Bangladesh Ȃ accounts for 26 per cent of India’s landmass,30percentofitswaterresourcesandmorethan40percentofitspopulation.The Ganga also serves as one of India’s holiest rivers whose cultural and spiritual significance transcendstheboundariesofthebasin. Despite its importance, extreme pollution pressures from increasing population and industrializationposegreatthreattothebiodiversityandenvironmentalsustainabilityofthe Ganga, with detrimental effects on both the quantity and quality of its flows. Discharge of untreated sewage and industrial wastewater, non-point pollution sources from religious activitiesalongtheriver,agricultureandlivestockaswellaspoorsolidwastemanagementare themaincausesforpollutioninriverGanga. 1.1 GangaCleanupInitiatives The Government of India (GoI) has undertaken clean-up initiatives in the past. The most prominentofsucheffortswastheGangaActionPlan,launchedin1985latercomplementedby similar plan for the Yamuna, the biggest tributary of the Ganga. These programmes have faced significant public scrutiny and, despite some gains made in slowing the rate of water quality degradation, they have been widely perceived as failure. The main shortcomings of these initiatives were: (1) inadequate attention to institutional dimensions, including the absenceoflong-tem-basinplanningandimplementationframework;(2)littleeffortmadein addressing systemic weakness in the critical sectors of urban wastewater, solid waste management,environmentalmonitoring,regulationandwaterresourcesmanagement;and(3) inadequate scale, coordination and prioritization of investments, with little emphasis on ensuringtheirsustainability.Theseprogramsalsodidnotpaysufficientattentiontothesocial dimensionsofriverclean-up,failingtorecognizetheimportanceofconsultation,participation and awareness-raising. The lessons drawn from these prior experiences indicate that improving water quality in the Ganga cannot be achieved by pluggingthe infrastructure gap alone.Rather,anyeffectiveinitiativewillhavetoadoptthree-prongedapproach: x Establishingbasin-level,multiǦsectoralframeworkforaddressingpollutionintheriver (includingnational/statepoliciesandriverbasinmanagementinstitutions); x Making relevant institutions operational and effective (e.g. with the capacity to plan, implementandmanageinvestmentsandenforceregulations);and, x Implementing phased program of prioritized infrastructure investments (with emphasisonsustainableoperationsandmobilizationofcommunitysupport) 1.2 TheGangaRiverBasinProject As major first step in achieving the above, the Government of India (GoI) constituted the NationalGangaRiverBasinAuthority(NGRBA),on20thFebruary2009,forthecomprehensive managementoftheriver.TheNGRBAwilladoptriver-basinapproachandhasbeengiven multi-sector mandate to address both water quantity and quality aspects. The NGRBA has resolved that by year 2020, no untreated municipal sewage or industrial effluents will be dischargedintoRiverGanga. The NGRBA program will finance infrastructure investments to reduce pollution loads at priorityontheriver.Theinvestmentsareintendedtoexemplify,amongotherattributes,the Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan ͳ AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA highstandardsoftechnicalpreparationandimplementation,sustainabilityofoperationsand publicparticipation.ThemajorityofinvestmentsintheNGRBAprogramareexpectedtobein the wastewater sector, particularly in wastewater treatment plants and sewerage networks. Investmentswillalsobesupportedinindustrialpollutioncontrolandprevention(e.g.common effluent treatment plants), and river front management (e.g. improvement of the built environmentalongriverstretches,improvementsofsmallGhatsandelectriccrematoriaand theconservationandpreservationofecologicallysensitivesites).Manyinvestmentsarelikely to combine elements of more than one of these sectors. An investment framework has been finalizedfortheselectionofprograminvestments. Theobjectivesofthisinvestmentsframeworkareto: x ProvidefilterforalltheNGRBAinvestments,forensuringthattheselectedinvestments arewell-preparedandamongstthemosteffectiveinreducingthepollutionloads x Maketransparentthedecisionmakingprocessoninvestmentselection;and, x Ensurethattheinvestmentsareimplementedinsustainablemanner. 1.3 TheprojectArea Muni-ki-RetiDhalwalaliesinthefoothillsofHimalayas,attheconfluenceofRiverGangafrom NorthƬChandrabhagaRiverfromsouth.LocatedinTehriǦGarhwalregionofUttarakhandon thenationalhighwayNH-58atdistanceofabout45kmfromDehradun,theCapitalCityof Uttarakhand, Muni Ki Reti is one of the river side town and important tourist place in UttarakhandState.Theholycity;RishikeshandHaridwararelocatedataboutʹkmand27km respectivelyawayfromthetownthroughwhichholyriverGangapasses. ThetownsMuniKiReti-Dhalwala,inthestateUttarakhandarebecomingimportantbeingone ofthemajortouristattractionplacesofriverGangasituatedonBadrinathHighway.TheMuni ki Reti town is one of the beginning points for Char Dham Yatra. As Muni Ki Reti-Dhalwala towns have not been covered under any other town level sanitation programme therefore ULBsisenthusiasticallyhandlingthetownsanitationplandevelopmentandimplementation. ULBlacknecessarytechnicalcapacitytounderstandandmanagetheissuesundersanitation thereforethereisneedtostrengthenthiscapacity.Therearenumberofissuesrangingfrom coverage, quality, infrastructure, awareness, institutional role clarity, financial aspects and human resources that are affecting the status of urban sanitation in the towns. The city sanitationinvestmentplanintendstoaddresstheseissues. In absence of well-organized sewerage system inthe town, the waste water generated from domestic sewage and kitchen waste normally find their way to the existing drains which ultimatelyflowintotheGangaRiver.Opendefecationbythesideofthesurfacedrain(though limited) along with discharge generated by washing of clothes Ƭ discharge from hotels Ƭ ashramsultimatelyleadingtoriverGangaisalsocommonsight,whichaddsfurtherpollution to the river. People reside near to the river and portion of the pilgrims visiting the holy BadrinathTempletotakebathintheriverandasresultthewaterbodybecomesconstant sourceofcontamination.Allthesecumulativepollutionhasdeterioratedtheconditionofthe river. Client: Consultants: UttarakhandPeyJalSansadhan ʹ AECOMIndiaPvt.Ltd., VikasEvamNirmanNigam NewDelhi Preparation of DPR of Sewerage, Non Sewerage Schemes including ESAMP REPORT OF SEWERAGE SYSTEM: Preparation of Feasibility Report & City Sanitation Plan – Package -2 MUNI KI RETI - DHALWALA 2. ProjectDescription 2.1 AbouttheCity MuniKiReti–DhalwalaisinTehriGarhwaldistrictintheIndianstateofUttarakhand.Muniki RetiwasdeclaredanUrbanLocalBody(ULB)inyear1949.Thetown’sLocalBodyusknownas Muni ki Reti Nagar Panchayat and Dhalwala Gram Panchayat. The towns lies close to pilgrimagetownofRishikesh,andismostknownforhostofashramsinthearea. Beingholyandancient,lakhsofpilgrimsvisittheMunikiRetiduringKumbh/Ardhkumbh,