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A DNA Barcode Library of the Beetle Reference Collection (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the National Science Museum, Korea

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A DNA Barcode Library of the Beetle Reference Collection (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the National Science Museum, Korea Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 9 (2016) 234e244 HOSTED BY Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/japb Original article A DNA barcode library of the beetle reference collection (Insecta: Coleoptera) in the National Science Museum, Korea Sang Woo Jung a, Hong Ki Min a, Yoon-Ho Kim a, Hyoung An Choi a, Soo Young Lee a, Yeon Jae Bae b,*, Woon Kee Paek a,** a Research and Promotion Division, National Science Museum of Korea, Daejeon, South Korea b Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea article info abstract Article history: Coleoptera is a group of insects that are most diverse among insect resources. Although used as indicator Received 15 January 2016 species and applied in developing new drugs, it is difficult to identify them quickly. Since the devel- Received in revised form opment of a method using mitochondrial DNA information for identification, studies have been con- 3 March 2016 ducted in Korea to swiftly and accurately identify species. The National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) Accepted 4 March 2016 has been collecting and morphologically identifying domestic reference insects since 2013, and building Available online 10 March 2016 a database of DNA barcodes with digital images. The NSMK completed construction of a database of digital images and DNA barcodes of 60 beetle species in the Korean National Research Information Keywords: Coleoptera System. A total of 179 specimens and 60 species were used for the analysis, and the averages of intra- fi fi Æ Æ DNA barcode speci c and interspeci c variations were 0.70 0.45% and 26.34 6.01%, respectively, with variation rates identification ranging from 0% to 1.45% and 9.83% to 56.23%, respectively. Korea Copyright Ó 2016, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). reference insect Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Introduction biological indicator species, natural enemies, cultural insects, food resources, and new-drug development (Cloyd et al 2009; Jäch Insects are the most species-rich animal group, accounting for 2003; Otavo et al 2013). However, there are not enough taxono- 66% of the entire population of the animal kingdom, and are mists to morphologically identify species due to their diversity in composed of approximately 1 million described species worldwide sibling species, sexual dimorphism, different life stages (larvae, (Zhang 2011). There are approximately 14,000 species that have pupae and adults), and interspecific variations. been described in the Korean peninsula (Paek et al 2010), and To overcome such limitations, DNA-barcode researchers pro- considering species that are newly reported every year, it is esti- posed a standardized method to identify species through distinct mated that there are approximately 40,000 insect species in Korea. genetic characteristics (DeWalt 2011). The benefits of genetic Among these, Coleoptera exhibit the greatest diversity, with markers are that they can be applied to all taxa, enable one to approximately 390,000 species recorded to date, and experts of distinguish genetic differences between species, and can be used as biodiversity estimate that there are approximately 1,100,000 spe- important evidence for not only morphologically unidentifiable cies in the world (Chapman 2009; Yeates et al 2003; Zhang 2011). species, but also unknown and new species. In the animal kingdom, Beetles are distributed on all continents and major islands, except the cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene (658 bp) of mito- Antarctica, and used in various areas, including climate-sensitive chondria DNA is used to differentiate between species (Hebert et al 2003, 2004a, 2004b), and it has been regarded as one of the most effective analytical approaches for species identification to date. However, compared to foreign countries, not many studies on DNA * Corresponding author. Tel.: þ82 2 3290 3408; fax: þ82 2 3290 3623. barcodes have been published in Korea, and no initiative has been ** Corresponding author. Tel.: þ82 42 601 7861; fax: þ82 42 601 7788. E-mail addresses: [email protected] (Y.J. Bae), [email protected] (W.K. Paek). made to systematically integrate DNA information on domestic Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and species and establish a database. Korea National Arboretum (KNA). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2016.03.005 pISSN2287-884X eISSN2287-9544/Copyright Ó 2016, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). SW Jung et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 9 (2016) 234e244 235 Figure 1. A map of collecting sites in South Korea. 236 SW Jung et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 9 (2016) 234e244 Table 1. Primers used in this study. The National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) was designated as the first National Biodiversity Center by the Ministry of Science, Primer Sequence References ICT, and Future Planning in 2010, and has been constructing 0 0 LCO1490 5 - GTC AAC AAA TCA TAA AGA TAT TGG -3 Folmer et al 1994 infrastructure for effective securement, management, and utiliza- 0 0 HCO2198 5 - TAA ACT TCA GGG TGA CCA AAA AAT CA -3 Folmer et al 1994 tion of natural historic resources, including insect resources. As a jgLCO1490 50- TIT CIA CIA AYC AYA ARG AYA TTG G -30 Folmer et al 1994 jgHCO2198 50- TAI ACY TCI GGR TGI CCR AAR AAY CA -30 Folmer et al 1994 part of national biodiversity, the NSMK collected domestic refer- Lep F 50- ATT CAA CCA ATC ATA AAG ATA T -30 Hebert et al 2004a ence specimens, which can be used as source materials in educa- Lep R 50- TAA ACT TCT GGA TGT CCA AAA A -30 Hebert et al 2004a tion, exhibition, and various research. Additionally, they have been carrying out research to house genomic DNA and build a DNA- Table 2. Specimen number, species used in analysis, collecting site and date, and GenBank accession numbers for COI sequences. Specimen number Species Collecting site Collecting COI (NARIS) date GeneBank # BOLD # (d-mo-y) NSMK-IN- Thanassimus lewisi Jacobson Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Chupungnyeong-myeon, 15-Apr-2014 KU188328wKU188330 ACN3091 0046619w0046621 Sabu-ri NSMK-IN- Heterotarsus carinula Marseul Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Chupungnyeong-myeon, 10-Oct-2013 KU188331wKU188333 ACW0230 0046069w0046071 Sabu-ri NSMK-IN- Gonocephalum pubens Marseul Korea, GB, Yeongdeok-gun, Byeonggok-myeon 11-Oct-2013 KU188334wKU188336 ACH5388 0046039w0046041 NSMK-IN- Idisia ornata Pascoe Korea, GB, Yeongdeok-gun, Byeonggok-myeon 11-Oct-2013 KU188337wKU188339 ACV8334 0046059w0046061 NSMK-IN- Caedius marinus Marseul Korea, CN, Boryeong-si, Ungcheon-eup 21-Jun-2014 KU188340wKU188342 ACV4892 0051204w0051206 NSMK-IN- Anaedius mroczkowskii Kaszab Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Hwanggan-myeon, 29-Jul-2014 KU188343wKU188345 ACD5574 0051214w0051216 Youngam-ri NSMK-IN- Cicindela elisae Motschulsky Korea, CN, Seocheon-gun, Janghang-eup, Yubu Island 14-Jul-2014 KU188355wKU188357 ABA8441 0051234w0051236 NSMK-IN- Glycyphana fulvistemma Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Chupungnyeong-myeon, 15-Apr-2014 KU188346wKU188348 ACW0254 0046329w0046331 Motschulsky Sabu-ri NSMK-IN- Nipponovalgus angusticollis Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Chupungnyeong-myeon, 15-Apr-2014 KU188349wKU188351 ACV6581 0046319w0046321 (Waterhouse) Sabu-ri NSMK-IN- Gametis jucunda (Faldermann) Korea, GB, Uiseong-gun, Angye-myeon, Bongam-ri 10-Apr-2014 KU188352wKU188354 ACV8298 0045899w0045901 NSMK-IN- Craspedonotus tibialis Shauman Korea, CN, Boryeong-si, Ungcheon-eup 21-Jun-2014 KU188358wKU188360 ACQ2621 0051244w0051246 NSMK-IN- Trichiorhyssemus asperulus Korea, CN, Seocheon-gun, Janghang-eup, Yubu Island 15-Jul-2014 KU188370wKU188372 ACV5055 0051254w0051256 (Waterhouse) NSMK-IN- Chlaenius inops Chaudoir Korea, CN, Seocheon-gun, Janghang-eup 19-May- KU188361wKU188363 ACW0207 0046429w0046431 2014 NSMK-IN- Bembidion scopulinum (Kirby) Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Chupungnyeong-myeon, 2-Apr-2014 KU188364wKU188366 ACV7280 0046259w0046261 Jukjeon-ri NSMK-IN- Bembidion coreanum Jedlicka Korea, GB, Yecheon-gun, Yonggung-myeon, 28-Oct-2014 KU188367wKU188369 ACH4730 0051224w0051226 Hyangseok-ri NSMK-IN- Cephaloon pallens (Motschulsky) Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Chupungnyeong-myeon, 1-May-2014 KU188373wKU188375 ACW0563 0046489w0046491 Sabu-ri NSMK-IN- Propylea japonica (Thunberg) Korea, GB, Uiseong-gun, Bian-myeon, Jarak-ri 10-Apr-2014 KU188376wKU188378 AAP7922 0045919w0045921 NSMK-IN- Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) Korea, GB, Uiseong-gun, Bian-myeon, Jarak-ri 10-Apr-2014 KU188379wKU188381 AAB5640 0045939w0045941 NSMK-IN- Ancylopus pictus asiaticus Korea, GN, Tongyeong-si, Yongnam-myeon, Dongdal-ri 7-Mar-2014 KU188382wKU188384 ACV6599 0046209w0046211 Strohecker NSMK-IN- Laccobius fragilis Nakane Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Hwanggan-myeon, 29-Jul-2014 KU188385wKU188387 ACV4976 0051264w0051266 Youngam-ri NSMK-IN- Berosus lewisius Sharp Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Hwanggan-myeon, 29-Jul-2014 KU188388wKU188390 ACV5267 0051274w0051276 Youngam-ri NSMK-IN- Hydaticus grammicus Germar Korea, CB, Yeongdong-gun, Chupungnyeong-myeon, 7-Sep-2014 KU188391wKU188393 ACV5598 0051284w0051286 Sabu-ri NSMK-IN- Platambus fimbriatus fimbriatus Korea, JB, Muju-gun, Bunam-myeon,
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