Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-31, 2019

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The authors and publisher have made every effort to ensure that the information in this E-book is correct. However, GKToday does not assume and hereby disclaims any liability to any party for any loss, damage, or disruption caused by errors or omissions, whether such errors or omissions result from negligence, accident, or any other cause. This document is a property of GKToday. Unauthorized Duplication is not allowed. Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Contents ...... _ ...... News Headlines: May 1-15, 2019 ...... 3 May 1, 2019 ...... 11 May 2, 2019 ...... 16 May 3, 2019 ...... 23 May 4, 2019 ...... 28 May 5, 2019 ...... 33 May 6, 2019 ...... 36 May 7, 2019 ...... 38 May 8, 2019 ...... 42 May 9, 2019 ...... 48 May 10, 2019 ...... 53 May 11, 2019 ...... 58 May 12, 2019 ...... 62 May 13, 2019 ...... 64 May 14, 2019 ...... 70 May 15, 2019 ...... 74 Multiple Choice Questions ...... 80 Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

News Headlines: May 16-31, 2019 ...... 119 May 16, 2019 ...... 130 May 17, 2019 ...... 136 May 18, 2019 ...... 141 May 19, 2019 ...... 144 May 20, 2019 ...... 147 May 21, 2019 ...... 152 May 22, 2019 ...... 157 May 23, 2019 ...... 162 May 24, 2019 ...... 167 May 25, 2019 ...... 174 May 26, 2019 ...... 177 May 27, 2019 ...... 178 May 28, 2019 ...... 183 May 29, 2019 ...... 191 May 30, 2019 ...... 196 May 31, 2019 ...... 201 Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Multiple Choice Questions ...... 86

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 2 https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 News Headlines: May 1-15, 2019 Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 1, 2019 INDIA Indian Army Mountaineering Expedition to Mt Makalu claims discovery of footprints of snowman ‘Yeti’ Odisha: Cyclone ‘Fani’ intensifies into ‘extremely severe cyclonic storm’ Puducherry Lt Governor Kiran Bedi “cannot interfere” in the day-to-day affairs of the elected government of the Union Territory: Madras High Court Samajwadi Party leader Azam Khan barred from campaigning for 48 hours for provocative remarks by EC ECONOMY & CORPORATE Growth of eight core sectors improves marginally to 4.7 per cent in March 2019 against 4.5 per cent in March 2018 India Ratings and Research Tuesday lowers country’s GDP growth projection for 2019-20 fiscal to 7.3% from 7.5% earlier mainly due to below normal monsoon prediction and loss of momentum in industrial output Lenders approve Patanjali Ayurved’s acquisition bid of Rs 4,325 crore for debt-ridden edible oil firm Ruchi Soya Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Bharat Heavy Electricals and Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) sign MoU for cooperation on various projects related to e-mobility ARAI is an autonomous body affiliated to the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises ICRISAT-led team cracks genetic code to develop climate-resilient chickpea ICRISAT: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Bharti Airtel launches its new music streaming app Wynk Tube MakeMyTrip acquires majority stake in corporate travel firm Quest2Travel WORLD Israel honours India’s 1971 war hero Lt Gen JFR Jacob with a plaque on Ammunition Hill Wall of Honour in Jerusalem Naruhito becomes Japan’s new emperor after his father Akihito’s historic abdication Benjamin Netanyahu sworn-in as Israel’s PM after election win European Union extends ban on selling arms to Myanmar till April 30, 2020 John Singleton, director & producer of ‘Boyz N the Hood,’ dies in US at 51 International Jazz Day observed by UNESCO on April 30 SPORTS Javelin thrower Neeraj Chopra nominated for Rajiv Khel Ratna Award by the Athletics Federation of India Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 2, 2019 INDIA Gujarat and Maharashtra celebrate foundation day on May 1; both formed on May 1, 1960 following division of Bombay State Navies of India and France holding exercise ‘Varuna’ off Goa coast from May 1-10 Sikkim: 14th edition of the annual Sino-Indian border trade opens at Nathu La Cyclone Fani: EC lifts model code of conduct from 11 coastal districts of Odisha Maharashtra: 16 security personnel killed as Naxals trigger IED blasts in Gadchiroli district ECONOMY & CORPORATE L&T acquires 20% stake of V. G. Siddhartha and Coffee Day in Mindtree for Rs 3,210 crore Hospitality firm OYO to acquire Amsterdam-based vacation rental company @Leisure Group for $415 mn WORLD UN designates Jaish-e-Mohammed chief Masood Azhar as global terrorist

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Labour Day observed on May 1 Pakistan to observe its retaliatory action against India on Feb 27 as ‘Operation Swift Retort’ Wikileaks founder Julian Assange sentenced to 50 weeks in UK prison for skipping bail SPORTS Apurvi Chandela gets world number one position in the 10m Air Rifle rankings Goalkeeper P. R. Sreejesh nominated for Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award by Hockey India Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 3, 2019 INDIA J&K: Indian and Chinese army hold border personnel meetings (BPMs) on LAC in Ladakh division J&K: Restrictions on civilian movement on Srinagar-Baramulla stretch of NH-44 lifted Postage stamp to commemorate the 750th birth anniversary of Sri Vedanta Desika issued Kannada actor Hirannaiah Narasimha Murthy dies in Bengaluru at 84 Former Chief Justice of the Kerala and Madras High Courts B. Subhashan Reddy dies in Hyderabad at 76 SPY Reddy, Lok Sabha MP from Nandyal (AP), dies in Hyderabad at 69 ECONOMY & CORPORATE India imported 207.3 million tonnes of crude oil in 2018-19 (220.4 MT in 2017-18); Iraq top supplier at 46.61 MT Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | WORLD Thailand: King Maha Vajiralongkorn marries royal guard and designates her Queen Suthida Russia: President Vladimir Putin signs into law a sovereign internet bill that will allow authorities to isolate the country’s internet UK’s Parliament becomes 1st in the world to vote to declare a climate emergency. World Tuna Day observed on May 2 Google to allow users auto-delete location history, web activity British Defence Secretary Gavin Williamson fired after an investigation into leaks from a secret govt. meeting about Huawei 2019 GOLDMAN ENVIRONMETAL PRIZES: WINNERS Alfred Brownell from Liberia Bayarjargal Agvaantseren from Mongolia Ana Colovic Lesoska from North Macedonia Jacqueline Evans from the Cook Islands Alberto Curamil from Chile Linda Garcia from the United States SPORTS Former Sri Lanka captain Kumar Sangakkara to become 1st non-British president of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) from October 1 WORLD TABLE TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS IN BUDAPEST: WINNERS Men’s Singles: Ma Long (China) Women’s Singles: Liu Shiwen (China) Men’s Doubles: Ma Long & Wang Chuqin (China) Women’s Doubles: Sun Yingsha & Wang Manyu (China) Mixed Doubles: Xu Xin & Liu Shiwen (China) Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 4, 2019 INDIA Uttarakhand High Court orders state’s former chief ministers to pay market rent for govt. accommodation Article titled ‘Coalgate 2.0’, authored by Nileena M. S. and published in The Caravan magazine in March 2018, wins Asian College of Journalism’s Award for Investigative Journalism, 2018

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 ECONOMY & CORPORATE India’s foreign exchange reserves soared by USD 4.368 billion to USD 418.515 billion in the week to April 26 Defence Ministry approves Indian Navy’s proposal to acquire 10 Kamov-31 helicopters from Russia for Rs 3,600 crore Chief Economic Advisor Krishnamurthy Subramanian included in the Advisory Council of the 15th Finance Commission as its member Godrej Properties acquires R. K. Studios’ land in Chembur, Mumbai WORLD World Press Freedom Day celebrated on May 3 with its theme as ‘Media for Democracy: Journalism and Elections in Times of Disinformation’ Nepal Army dismisses Indian Army’s claim of spotting footprints of Yeti in the Himalayas World Bank gives $545 mn in grants for Cyclone Idai-ravaged southern African countries of Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Malawi Actor Peter Mayhew, best known for his role as ‘Chewbacca’ in the Star Wars movie series, dies at the age of 74 US Air Force General Tod D. Wolters sworn in as the top military officer of the 29-nation NATO Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | military alliance SPORTS Volleyball Federation of India appoints Serbian Dragan Mihailovic as head coach of the men’s national team Bajrang Punia defeats Russia’s Viktor Rassadin 13-8 in the final to win gold medal in men’s 65kg freestyle at the Ali Aliyev wrestling tournament at Kaspiisk, Russia Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 5, 2019 INDIA Gujarat Shops and Establishments (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 2019 comes into force from May 1, shops and businesses in the state can remain open 24X7 now Gujarat Governor O.P. Kohli disqualifies Independent MLA Bhupendrasinh Khant from reserved Scheduled Tribe seat of Morva Hadaf after his ST Tribe certificate was found to be invalid Noted writer, academician Maramraju Satyanarayana Rao dies in Hyderabad at 84 ECONOMY & CORPORATE RBI imposes penalties on five prepaid payment instrument (PPI) issuers for violation of regulatory norms WORLD 4 killed as cyclonic storm ‘Fani’ hits Bangladesh King Maha Vajiralongkorn crowned Rama X of Thailand US: A Boeing 737 jet with 142 people on board skids off the runway into the St Johns River in Florida US: SpaceX launches a Dragon spacecraft on a cargo mission to the International Space Station (ISS) More than 1,000 dead in Ebola epidemic in Democratic Republic of Congo since August 2018 Indonesia sinks 51 foreign boats in action against illegal fishing Nepal: 18-year old girl Bandana dances continuously for 126 hours to set a Guinness World Records on ‘Longest Dancing Marathon by an Individual’ SPORTS Javelin thrower Neeraj Chopra undergoes elbow surgery in Mumbai Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 6, 2019 INDIA Kerala: Art of Living founder Sri Sri Ravi Shankar conferred with ‘Order of St George’ Award at St George Orthodox Church in Kottayam district India issued 2.5 mn e-Visas in 2018, number jumps 5-fold from 2015

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 ECONOMY & CORPORATE 68 crore income tax e-filings in FY 2018-19, down from 6.74 crore in 2017-18 WORLD International Dawn Chorus Day observed on May 5 (first Sunday of May) Senegal: Parliament (National Assembly) approves constitutional reform to scrap the post of prime minister North Korea fires several short-range projectiles into the Sea of Japan Militants in Gaza fire fresh rocket barrages at Israel SPORTS Asian Squash Championship Kuala Lumpur: India’s Saurav Ghoshal (men’s) and Joshna Chinappa (women’s) win Singles titles XXXVI Feliks Stamm International Boxing Tournament in Warsaw: India return with six medals including two gold by Gaurav Solanki (men’s 52kg) and Manish Kaushik (men’s 60kg) Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 7, 2019 INDIA Indian Navy launches fourth Scorpene-class submarine Vela at Mazagon Dockyard in Mumbai State-owned Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders entered into a contract for construction and transfer of technology for six Scorpene-class subsAdarsh with Bansal | [email protected] collaborator | Ms Naval Group Indian Navy’s missile destroyer INS Ranjit decommissioned in Visakhapatnam after 36 years of service Raipur: Justice PR Ramachandra Menon sworn in as Chief Justice of the Chhattisgarh High Court Delhi: AAP MLA Devinder Sehrawat joins BJP US Special Representative for Afghanistan Zalmay Khalilzad meets External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj in New Delhi and briefed her about the Afghan peace process CJI gets clean chit as In-House panel finds “no substance” in sexual harassment allegations levelled against him by a former woman employee of the apex court ECONOMY & CORPORATE US Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross meets Commerce Minister Suresh Prabhu in New Delhi Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) has distributed more than one lakh bee-boxes among farmers and unemployed youths in less than two years under its ‘Honey Mission’ initiative WORLD Opposition candidate Laurentino Cortizo elected new President of Panama 41 dead as a passenger plane of Aeroflot makes a fiery crash landing at Sheremetyevo international airport in Moscow Palestinian leaders in Gaza agreed to a ceasefire with Israel to end a two-day escalation in violence Dragon capsule launched by SpaceX delivers 2500 kg of cargo to the International Space Station G D ‘Robert’ Govender, an Indian-origin journalist in South Africa, honoured in the UK with 2019 V K Krishna Menon award for his outstanding contribution as a pioneer of decolonised journalism SPORTS Indian men’s hockey team leave for Australia tour Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 8, 2019 INDIA India and Bangladesh to co-produce a film on the life and works of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman directed by acclaimed filmmaker Shyam Benegal Renowned Sikh historian Kirpal Singh dies in Chandigarh at the age of 95 Border Roads Organisation (BRO), the road construction agency under the defence ministry, celebrates its 59th Raising Day on May 7 WORLD World Thalassemia Day to be observed on May 8 with its theme as ‘Universal access to quality thalassaemia healthcare services: Building bridges with and for patients’

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 India re-elected as an observer to intergovernmental forum Arctic Council at the Council’s ministerial meeting at Rovaniemi, Finland 2 Indians among 115 UN peacekeepers and staff honoured for their sacrifice in the line of duty — Jitender Kumar: Police officer deployed to the UN mission in Congo and Shikha Garg: a consultant with the UNDP Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo, two Reuters journalists who were jailed by Myanmar government for their reporting on the Rohingya crisis, freed in a presidential amnesty Indian student trio — Aakash Bhadana, Vasu Kaushik and Bharat Sundal – win 2nd prize in Microsoft’s Imagine Cup World Championship final held in Seattle for their innovative smart automated anti-pollution and drug delivery mask Qatar allocates USD 480 million in aid to the cash-strapped Palestinian Authority to support education and health services SPORTS Amul to be principal sponsor of Afghanistan cricket team at upcoming ICC World Cup in England & Wales President Donal Trump awards Presidential Medal of Freedom (highest US civilian honour) to golfer Tiger Woods Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Former West Indies batsman Seymour Nurse, who played 29 Tests between 1960 and 1969, dies at 85 A six-month-long executive sports management programme for working professionals in football launched by FIFA in Mumbai Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 9, 2019 INDIA Dr N. R. Madhava Menon, pioneer of Indian legal education, dies in Thiruvananthapuram at 84 Renowned economist Baidyanath Mishra dies in Bhubaneswar at the age of 99 July 31 deadline for finalisation of the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam will not be extended: Supreme Court ECONOMY & CORPORATE States’ debt rising despite moderation in interest payment: RBI tells Finance Commission RBI CIRCULAR ON IL&FS RBI withdraws circular asking banks and financial institutions to declare their exposure to IL&FS RBI withdrew the circular after NCLAT allowed banks to declare defaulting loans of IL&FS and its group companies as bad loans IL&FS: Infrastructure Leasing & Financial Services, NCLAT: National Company Law Appellate Tribunal WORLD UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibe of Malawi resigns with immediate effect China’s Tencent ends multi-player combat mobile game ‘PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds’ (PUBG) Brazil’s President Jair Bolsonaro eases restrictions on gun control India’s Jagjit Pavadia re-elected to the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) for another term IRAN NUCLEAR AGREEMENT Iran announces partial withdrawal from the 2015 nuclear agreement signed with world powers Iran would stop exporting enriched uranium stocks as stipulated by the 2015 agreement The United States unilaterally pulled out of the agreement in 2018. SPORTS Football: Liverpool beat Barcelona in semifinal 4-3 on aggregate to enter final of Champions League Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 10, 2019 INDIA SC constituted 3-member mediation committee on exploring possibility of an amicable settlement in the Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid land dispute case in Ayodhya submits its interim report

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Vice President Venkaiah Naidu arrives in Vietnam on his four-day official visit to the Southeast Asian nation SUPREME COURT APPOINTMENTS SC Collegium reiterates its recommendation to elevate High Court Justices Aniruddha Bose and A. S. Bopanna to the apex court SC Collegium recommends names of High Court Justices B. R. Gavai and Surya Kant for elevation to the apex court ECONOMY & CORPORATE L&T acquires another 2% stake in Mindtree, holding reaches 25.9% TCS reclaims status of country’s most valued firm by market valuation, surpassing Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL) Reliance Industries Ltd acquires British toy company Hamleys Import of 2nd-hand or refurbished electronics and IT goods without BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards) registration prohibited by govt. WORLD Time of Remembrance and Reconciliation for Those Who Lost Their Lives During the Second World War observed on May 8-9 Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Singapore passes law criminalising publication of fake news and allowing govt. to block and order removal of such content Samsung Electronics introduces world’s highest-resolution image sensor with 64 megapixels for smartphones SPORTS Former Croatia international Igor Stimac appointed Indian men’s football team coach Parle Products roped in as official title sponsor of Indo International Premier Kabaddi League (IIPKL), starting May 13 in Pune Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 11, 2019 INDIA Sukhoi aircrafts of IAF intercept Georgian Antonov cargo plane trespassing into Indian territory from Pakistan; force it to land in Jaipur Tamil writer and Sahitya Akademi awardee Thopil Mohammed Meeran passes away at 74 Justice Abhay Shreeniwas Oka takes oath as the chief justice of Karnataka High Court SC upholds Karnataka government’s 2018 law which provided for reservation in promotion and seniority to SC & ST employees SC grants time till August 15 to the three-member mediation committee to explore an amicable solution to Ayodhya Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid land dispute case ECONOMY & CORPORATE Industrial production increased 3.6% in April-March FY2019 compared with 4.4% growth in April- March FY2018 Air India to offer 40% discount on available seats three hours ahead of departure time Tata Steel’s proposed merger of its European operations with Germany’s Thyssenkrupp blocked by European Commission Konkan Railways Corporation Ltd signs agreement with Nepal’s Department of Railways to supply two 1600 HP DEMU train sets WORLD Indian actress Dia Mirza among 17 new SDG (Sustainable Development Goals) advocates appointed by UN US raises tariffs on USD 200 billion worth of Chinese imports from 10% to 25% US: President Donald Trump nominates Patrick Shanahan for Defence Secretary; post fell vacant after James Mattis resigned in 2018 Ireland’s parliament becomes 2nd in world after UK to declare a climate emergency

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 SPORTS Inaugural issue of world’s first exclusive women’s cricket magazine ‘Criczone’ was released in India Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 12, 2019 INDIA Roshan Taneja, who trained scores of Bollywood actors including the likes of Shabana Azmi and Naseeruddin Shah, dies at 87 Indo-French bilateral naval exercise ‘Varuna-19’ concludes IAF gets its first Apache attack helicopter from US company Boeing, 21 more to come National Technology Day observed on May 11, marking the anniversary of the Pokhran Tests of 1998 ECONOMY & CORPORATE ITC Non-Executive Chairman Y. C. Deveshwar passes away at 72 WORLD World Migratory Bird Day observed on May 11 (second Saturday of May) with its theme as: ‘Protect Birds: Be the Solution to Plastic Pollution!’ South Africa: African National Congress (ANC) holds on to power in general elections, albeit with a reduced majority Vietnam: Vice President M Venkaiah Naidu flags off Jaipur Foot Camp in Hanoi Yemen: Houthi rebels unilaterally agreeAdarsh Bansal to | [email protected] their | forces from three key ports of Hodeidah, Salif and Ras-Issa Tunisia: 65 killed after boat capsizes in Mediterranean Sea Screenwriter Alvin Sargent, who won Academy Award for adapted screenplay for ‘Julia’ (1978) and ‘Ordinary People’ (1981), dies at 92 DESERT STORM RALLY Concludes in Jaisalmer on May 11 Xtreme Category won by Aabhishek Mishra of Team Sparky’s Garage and his co-driver Srikanth Gowda Moto Category (cross country rally for motorbikes) won by TVS Racing’s Adrian Metge Ndure category won by Ankur Chauhan and co-driver Prakash M. Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 13, 2019 INDIA J&K: 2 Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT) militants killed in a gunfight with security forces in Shopian district Padma Shri awardee Bhojpuri singer Hiralal Yadav passes away in Varanasi at 93 WORLD International Nurses’ Day observed on May 12 Indian Vice President Venkaiah Naidu meets Vietnamese PM Xuan Phuc in Hanoi South Africa: President Cyril Ramaphosa’s ruling African National Congress (ANC) wins general election securing 57.51 % votes Basel Convention: Governments of 187 countries agree to control the movement of plastic waste between their national borders, US not part of the agreement UK RICH LIST Indian-origin brothers dominate the annual Sunday Times Rich List in Britain Hinduja brothers ranked at No. 1 with a fortune of 22 billion pounds Mumbai-born Reuben brothers in second place with 18.66 billion pounds SPORTS Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes) wins Formula One Spanish Grand Prix at Circuit de Catalunya, Barcelona followed by Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes) and Max Verstappen (Red Bull) in 2nd and 3rd places respectively Kiki Bertens beats Simona Halep 6-4, 6-4 in final to win women’s singles title in Madrid Open tennis Indian Premier League: Chennai Super Kings’ bowler Imran Tahir is the highest wicket-taker with 26 wickets wins ‘Purple Cap’

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Manchester City win 2nd successive English Premier League football title followed by Liverpool in 2nd place 2019 IAAF WORLD RELAYS IN YOKOHAMA Gold winners in Men’s events: 4x100m: Brazil, 4x200m: US and 4x400m: Trinidad & Tobago Gold winners in Women’s events: 4x100m: US, 4x200m: France and 4x400m: Poland INDIA The Young Scientist Programme ‘Yuvika2019’ inaugurated by ISRO Chairman Dr K. Sivan in Bengaluru US Chief of Naval Operations John Michael Richardson meets Chief of Naval Staff Sunil Lanba in New Delhi Illegal sand mining: SC suspends NGT order asking AP to deposit Rs 100 Cr with CPCB ECONOMY & CORPORATE Inflation based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI), retail inflation, rises to 2.92% in April 2019; was 2.86% in March 2019 and 4.58% in April 2018 World Trade Organization’s Ministerial Meeting of Developing Countries held in New Delhi Merchant service and UPI payments app BharatPe ropes in actor Salman Khan as its brand ambassador Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | WORLD China hosting Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations in Beijing from May 15 to 22 Ukraine’s president-elect Volodymyr Zelensky fined 850 hryvnas ($32) for showing his ballot on poll day Legendary Hollywood actress and singer Doris Day dies at the age of 97 ECONOMY & CORPORATE ITC’s Managing Director Sanjiv Puri appointed the company’s new Chairman in place of Yogi Deveshwar who died on May 11 IPL AWARDS David Warner of Sunrisers Hyderabad wins Orange Cap for most runs: 692 Imran Tahir of Chennai Super Kings won Purple Cap for taking most wickets: 26 Andre Russell of Kolkata Knight Riders was named Most Valuable Player: 510 runs and 11 wickets Shubman Gill of Kolkata Knight Riders was Emerging Player of the Tournament SPORTS Novak Djokovic (Czech Republic) beats Stefanos Tsitsipas (Greece) in final 6-3, 6-4 to win men’s singles title in Madrid Open tennis Mumbai Indians defeat Chennai Super Kings in final at Hyderabad by 1 run to win Indian Premier League title Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 15, 2019 INDIA Former Supreme Court judge A K Sikri appointed as the chairperson of the News Broadcasting Standards Authority (NBSA) The Indian Navy for the first time will conduct an Indian Naval Entrance Test (INET) in September 2019 External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj meets her Iranian counterpart Javad Zarif in New Delhi ECONOMY & CORPORATE Wholesale Price Index-based inflation eases to 3.07% in April; was 3.18% in March and 2.93% in February WHATSAPP SPYWARE WhatsApp confirms spyware attack, urges users to install latest version Vulnerability in WhatsApp allowed hackers to insert malicious software on phones by calling the target using the app

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 WORLD India unanimously chosen as co-chair of the consultative group for Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery in Geneva Saudi Arabia: 2 oil pumping stations hit by explosive-laden drones UN fact-finding mission calls for financial isolation of Myanmar’s military to hold army accountable for human rights abuses India’s Captain Aarohi Pandit becomes world’s 1st woman to cross the Atlantic Ocean solo in a Light Sports Aircraft (LSA) SPORTS CEAT Cricket Rating Awards 2019: Virat Kohli-International cricketer of the year, Smriti Mandhana: International woman cricketer of the year India’s G.S. Lakshmi becomes 1st woman to be appointed to ICC’s international panel of match referees May 1, 2019 ICRISAT-led team identifies Climate-Resilient Genes in Chickpea Recently, an international collaboration of 20 research organizations led by Hyderabad-based International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) identified climate resilient genes in chickpea. They cracked genetic codeAdarsh Bansal to | [email protected] develop climate | resilient chickpea with genes for heat tolerance and genes for drought tolerance. Key Findings Scientists study based on completegenome sequencing of 429 chickpea lines from 45 different countries, identified that chickpea has four important genes for heat tolerance and three important genes for drought tolerance. Application: Identification of these climate-resistant genes will help in developing newer chickpea varieties which can tolerate temperatures up to 38°C. The identification of other genes with importantagronomic traits (high yield, test weight, kernel weight, maturity, plant height, and lodging resistance) will help in increasing crop yield and providing better resistance to pests and diseases. Chickpea: It is an annual legume of Fabaceae family and is highly rich in protein. It is also known by name of gram, Bengal Gram, Garbanzo, Garbanzo bean, and Egyptian pea. It is a cool season crop. In India, it is sown in September-October and harvested in January- February. In 2016, India produced 64% of world’s total chickpeas. More than 90% of chickpea cultivation area is in South Asia, including India as it is important in Indian and Middle Eastern cuisine. It originated in Mediterranean/south-west Asia and migrated to south Asia. Globally, more than 70% of its yield is lost due to drought and increasing temperatures. ICRISAT: The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics It is an international non-profit organization whichundertakes agricultural research for rural development in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) region. It was established in 1972, and its charter was signed by the Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). It is headquartered in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It performs crop improvement research on crops like Chickpea, Pigeonpea, Groundnut, Pearl millet, Sorghum, Finger Millet and Small millets. The Semi-Arid Tropics (SAT) region: It is a region characterised by highly variable, low to medium rainfall, poor soils, and lack of irrigation, thus considered to be a less favoured area (LFA). BHEL and ARAI signs MoU for e-mobility projects Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) and Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) signed MoU (Memorandum of understanding) for cooperation on projects related to e-mobility.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Importance BHEL’s unique strength as technology developer and implementer and ARAI’s expertise and advanced facilities in design, testing and certification of mobility products, will efficiently generate synergies in implementing solutions for Electric & Trolley Bus, EV Chargers, Battery & Charger testing, etc. Electro mobility (e-mobility) It refers to development of electric-powered or electronic driven vehicles, and moving away from traditional vehicle design which uses fossil fuels and oils. It includes fully electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. BHEL It was established in 1964 an engineering and manufacturing company. It is owned and founded by Government of India with headquarters in New Delhi. It is India’s largest power generation equipment manufacturer. ARAI Established in 1966 it is India’s leading automotive R&D organization set up by the Automotive Industry with the Government of India. It is an autonomous body affiliated to Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises (MOHI&PE, administers 48 central public sector enterprises (PSEs)). The Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Ministry of Science and Technology (MoS&T), Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | recognized ARAI as a Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (SIRO). It is a prime Testing and Certification Agency notified by Government of India under Rule 126 of Central Motor Vehicle Rules, 1989. Israel honors 1971 war hero Lt. Gen. (retd) JFR Jacob Israel honors 1971 war (Bangladesh’s Liberation War) hero Lt. Gen. (retd) Jack Farj Rafael (JFR) Jacob with a plaque on Wall of Honour at the Ammunition Hill, Israel. JFR Jacob He was one of the most prominent members of India’s relatively small Jewish community, who served as a Lieutenant General in Indian Army and as the chief of staff of Indian Army’s Eastern Command. He also fought in World War II and the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965. He negotiated the historic surrender of Pakistani troops in Dhaka after the 1971 war. He later became Governor of two Indian states Goa and Punjab. He died in 2016 at the age of 92. The Wall of Honour It pays tributes to heroism and courage of Jewish soldiers who fought in defence of the countries they lived in. It also honors their embodied virtues like values of bravery, loyalty, commitment and dedication to a mission, leadership, creativity, camaraderie and sanctity of life. The Wall has plaques honoring more than 340 people namely privates, high ranking army officers, women, front line fighters and humble members of supporting units who implemented these virtues. It has one more plaque honoring Lt. Gen. Joseph ‘Jerry’ Jhirad, an Indian Jewish soldier, who died in 1965 war against Pakistan. The 90-feet high structure with a flag was donated by Sam Marshall, an Indian Jew, who in association with India-born Jewish Judge, Abe Sofaer of US initiated move to honour Lt. Gen. Jacob at Wall of Honour. Ammunition Hill It was a fortified Jordanian military post in northern part of Jordanian ruled East Jerusalem. It is the site of one of fiercest battles during Six Day War (Arab–Israeli War 1967) in Israel lost 21 soldiers but emerged victorious. It has become a national memorial site where young soldiers and officers are inducted into Israel Defence Forces (IDF) and salute Israeli flag. India to mark its presence at 58th VENICE BIENNALE 2019 India will mark its second appearance world’s oldest Biennale Art event to be held in Venice, Italy. This

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 year 2019 is its 58th session in which, 16 out of 400 Haripura session posters will go up on walls of India pavilion at 58th Venice Biennale. Many countries such as Pakistan and Ghana will host pavilions for first time. India’s Participation India is participating in event after a gap of eight years. This will be only second time India will have a pavilion of its own at Venice Biennale. India decided to showcase Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi to ensure a memorable show at art event. India’s pavilion will be putting 16 Haripura posters on its walls. The task force for Arts of the Confederation of Indian Industry, will be propelled by Kiran Nadar Museum of Arts (KNMA), and seven Indian artists will be shown at India Pavilion The Ministry of Culture, Government of India has laid down theme for the Indian Pavilion as‘150 years of Mahatma Gandhi’. In 1938, Mahatma Gandhi commissioned Indian modern artist Nandalal Bose to create 400 posters portraying different aspects of Indian life to be displayed at Indian National Congress’ session in Haripura, Gujarat. 58th Venice Biennale 2019 Duration: It will take place for 6 months period from 11 May 2019 till 24November 2019. Theme for Biennale 2019 is ‘Our Time Adarshfor aBansal Future | [email protected] Caring’. | The 58th International Art Exhibitions overarching title is ‘May You Live In Interesting Times’. The Venice Biennale It is one of the biggest art events in the world, inaugurated in 8195 and organized by Biennale Foundation. It is a Biennial event means it is held every two years. It focuses on contemporary art, and includes events for art, contemporary dance, architecture, cinema and theatre. International Jazz Day observed on April 30 The International Jazz Day was globally observed on April 30. The 2019 edition was launched in Australia and was celebrated in more than 190 countries around the world. International Jazz Day It is celebrated worldwide on April 30 every year to recognize jazz and diplomatic role it plays in uniting people. It is at the end of Jazz appreciation month which raises awareness about extraordinary history and heritage of Jazz throughout April. UNESCO designated 30 April as International Jazz Day in year 2011, in an effort to highlight role of jazz in uniting people across the globe. The idea for day was given by Herbie Hancock, jazz pianist and UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador. Jazz Day is chaired by Hancock and the UNESCO Director-General (currently Audrey Azoulay). The day honours jazz, its enduring legacy, and recognizes power of music to bring people together. It is to raise international awareness of need for intercultural dialogue and mutual understanding. Significance It is observed so that worldwide communities, artists, schools, academics, historians and jazz enthusiasts come together and celebrate jazz’s roots, history, future and how it brings people together. It aims to raise awareness about importance of intercultural dialogue and mutual understanding. It is recognized for promoting dialogues among cultures, diversity, respect for human rights, eradicating discrimination and gender bias and promoting peace. It also highlights role of youth in enacting social change all over the world. Jazz It is a form of music which was born in New Orleans, US in late 1800s and early 1900s. Since then, it has been spreading around the world and has evolved into many different types of jazz music. The saxophone is a staple instrument in jazz, which is also popular in pop and rock, and other genres. India’s Rare Life-Sized Stucco Sculpture unearthed in Telangana

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Indian archaeologists recently unearthed a rare life-sized stucco sculpture from a Buddhist site at Phanigiri in Suryapet, Telangana.

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

Key Features of Stucco Sculpture Till date it is the biggest stucco sculpture found in India. It is about 1.73 metres in height and 35 cm in width. As per archaeologists, the life-size figurine represents a Bhodhisattva in Jathaka Chakra. It was created nearly 1,700 years ago by craftsmen at Phanigiri at peak of Ikshavaku dynasty. About Stucco It is a material made from aggregates, binder, and water. It is applied wet and hardens in to a very dense solid. Traditional stucco is made of sand, water and lime while Modern stucco is made of sand, water and Portland cement. To increase permeability and workability of modern stucco, Lime is added to it. Uses: It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. NOTE Bhodhisattva: In Buddhism is any person who has attained bodhichitta (or Enlightenment) and is on path to reach nirvana (moksha) but delays doing so for compassion of suffering beings. The Ikshvaku dynasty: As per Puranic literature, it was founded by king Ikshvaku. It is also known as Suryava?sa (the Solar dynasty). Important Personalities belonging to this dynasty includes: Lord Rama, Twenty-two out of twenty-four Jain Tirthankara, and according to Buddhist texts, Prince Siddhartha also belonged to this dynasty.

Naruhito becomes Japan’s New Emperor marking beginning of Reiwa Era Naruhito became Japan’s new Emperor after historic abdication of his father Akihito. Emperor Naruhito’s ascending of Chrysanthemum Throne marked beginning of “Reiwa” era in Japan which takes effect from May 1, 2019.

Naruhito (59-year old) became Japan’s new Emperor after historic abdication (first in more than 200 years) of his father Akihito. He is nation’s 126th emperor in world’s oldest hereditary monarchy (from 5th century). Akihito (now 85 years old), took throne in 1989. He devoted his career correcting for a war fought in his father’s name. He even brought the aloof monarchy closer to people. He is first emperor in Japan’s modern

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 history whose era did not have a war. Japan has witnessed a large amount of changes from 1989 (when it last ushered in new era). Its major recent concern is battling sluggish growth, chronically low inflation coupled with ageing population. With population in continuous decline, Japan will soon become world’s first “ultra-aged” society, with 28% of people over 65 years of age. Reiwa Stepping down of Emperor Akihito brings his “Heisei” era to an end and beginning of new “Reiwa” era with Naruhito’s accession. The term “Reiwa” means “Beautiful Harmony”. It is derived from “Manyoshu”, an anthology of Japanese poems dating back 1,200 years that symbolises Japan’s profound public culture and long tradition. It is the first time that the era name (also known as “gengo”) has been taken from a Japanese document, and not from Chinese classics, which is a break from more than 1,300 years old practice. In a highly digitalized and globalized society while most Japanese prefer Western calendar over Japanese system, the era name is still widely used in government and business documents. Most elders often use it to identify their generations. Geological Survey of India installed Geological Display Boards at Mawmluh cave, Therriaghat in Adarsh BansalMeghalaya | [email protected] | The Geological Survey of India (GSI) North Eastern Region (NER) installed two geological display boards at two important geological sites in Meghalaya. Highlights The boards are unveiled at Meghalaya’s two important geological sites namely Mawmluh cave and Therriaghat, Sobhar in East Khasi Hill District. These geological display boards with geo-scientific information will help in creating awareness among visiting tourists, students and general public. They will help preserve site and also help future generation will be aware of such geological developments. Mawmluh Cave Their importance was highlighted recently when high resolution stable isotopic studies of stalagmites from cave showed that there was a major climatic event about 4200 years ago. The stalagmite in Mawmluh cave has been tagged asGlobal Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). It makes it first formally ratified marker of a geological time period in India. The Meghalayan Age period began about 4200 years ago experienced an abrupt mega-drought and cooling around the world. Therriaghat It marks Cretaceous (K)-Palaeogene (Pg) mass extinction event. The Um-Sohryngkew (Wahrew) river section at Therriaghat is known for having the most complete records of Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary transition in India. There is also a high level of iridium metal from the boundary which marks catastrophic event when a giant meteorite hit earth. Indian Army Mountaineering Expedition to Mt Makalu claims discovery of footprints of snowman ‘Yeti’ Indian Army posted photographs of “mysterious footprints” that measure about 32×15 inches, on Twitter claiming that its Mountaineering Expedition team to Mt Makalu (8485m, is 5th highest mountain in world) sighted “the mythical beast Yeti”. Yeti It is a mythical creature who is believed to exist in Himalayan areas of India, Nepal and Tibet. The term “Yeti” is taken from Nepali dictionary which means ‘abominable snowman’. It is also known as ‘Meh-The’ in Tibetan folklore. Yeti has many proposed characteristics, like according to urban legends, it is a two legged white, shaggy ape-like animal and is described to be about 10-20 feet tall. While according to locals, it resembles a race of wild, hairy men found in the “wildest and most inaccessible mountains”. Existence Proof

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 The debate on Yeti’s existence is going on since last century. There is no authentic evidence of its existence. Since it has never been sighted or captured, and most scientists believe that no such creature exists. In 1921, British explorer Charles Howard-Bury claimed to have found footsteps of Yeti nearLakhpa La pass (or Lhagba La is about 7km northeast of Mount Everest in Tibet Autonomous Region) while on an expedition in Himalayas. In 2013, the National Geographic released a documentary on ‘legend of Yeti in Himalayas’. Although Yeti has already been recreated several times in popular culture, folklore and cartoons. In 2019 debate has resurfaced again when Indian Army has claimed it discovered fresh “mysterious footprints” of Yeti during an Army expedition. May 2, 2019 UNSC designates Masood Azhar as global terrorist The United Nation Security Council (UNSC) 1267 Committee designated Pakistan-based Jaish-e- Mohammed chief Masood Azhar as a “global terrorist” after China lifted its prolonged hold on proposal to blacklist him. The move is a huge diplomatic win for India. It is also a symbolic victory for India in relation to terrorism spreading from groups in Pakistan as Masood Azhar is considered a blue-eyed boy of ISI (Pakistan’s spy agency). Timeline Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | India first moved a proposal by itself to designate Azhar in 2009 but it didn’t get nod. Later in 2016 India again moved the proposal with the P-3 (or group of three permanent UNSC members) the United States, the United Kingdom and France in UN’s 1267 Sanctions Committee to ban Masood Azhar. In 2017, the P3 nations again moved a similar proposal but, on all occasions China, a veto-wielding permanent member of UN Security Council, blocked India’s proposal from being adopted by Sanctions Committee. All big and small nations joined together for this and supported India’s move. In 2019, P-3 moved a fresh proposal to declare Azhar as a global terrorist at UN in wake of the Pulwama terror attack for which Jaish-e-Mohammed had claimed responsibility. 40 CRPF personnel were killed in attack. China again put a technical hold on P-3 proposal, and blocked it for the fourth time to designate Azhar. Now, China lifted its technical hold after it found no objection to listing proposal by US, UK and France. Masood Azhar He is the mastermind behind attack on air base in Pathankot in January, 2016. He also claimed responsibility for 2019 Pilwama terror attack on CRPF personnel. A “global terrorist” designation will subject Azhar to an assets freeze, travel ban and an arms embargo. It will be implemented by all UN member states. United Nations Security Council 1267(UNSC) Committee It was established when UNSC resolution 1267 was adopted unanimously on October 15, 1999. Listing of an individual or terrorist organization, helps in restricting their movement, financial penalties and assets freeze. It is also known as AlQaida and Taliban Sanctions Committee. It was initially established to oversee implementation of sanctions measures imposed on Taliban- controlled Afghanistan for its support of Osama bin Laden. Later modified and strengthened by subsequent resolutions, it now is a consolidated list of people and entities which it has determined are associated with Al Qaeda or Taliban, and laws which must be passed within each member nation to implement sanctions. Since Masood Azhar has been linked to Osama bin Laden he can be sanctioned under it. It comprises of all 15 members of UNSC and makes its decision secretly by consensus i.e. even if single member opposes there is no consensus. This is why China opposition to India’s bid was not

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 allowing UNSC to designate Masood Azhar as an international terrorist. Russia President Putin signs “Sovereign Internet” law Russian President Vladimir Putin on 2 May 2019 signed into law a “sovereign internet” bill which will allow Russian authorities to isolate the country’s internet. The move expands Government Control of Internet, is being publicly denounced by all rights groups in country. Key Highlights The text of the law was published on 1 May 2019 but it will not come into effect until November. Russian lawmakers support the new law as deeming it necessary to ensure security of Russia’s online networks. It includes measures such as to create technology to monitor internet routing, to steer Russian internet traffic away from foreign servers, allegedly to prevent a foreign country from shutting it down. In March 2019, Putin signed another controversial law which allowed courts to fine and briefly jail people who showed disrespect towards authorities, and also block media for publishing “fake news”. These laws are part of an ongoing Kremlin clampdown on media and internet freedoms in which people are jailed even for sharing humorous memes. The move would also target largely Telegram (a popular messaging app) widely used by Russians. Criticism Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | It is being criticized as a vaguely worded bill which gives new censorship powers to government monitors and is aimed at restricting information and communication online. It will allow greater surveillance by Russian intelligence agencies, and increase ability of state authorities to control information. Reason The government defended the legislation as a defensive move in case the United States would cut Russia off from the global Internet. Also, Russia must ensure its networks security after US President Donald Trump unveiled a new American cybersecurity strategy in 2018 which accused Russia of carrying out cyber-attacks with impunity. SEBI bars NSE from securities market for 6 months: Co-Location Case The Market regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has barred National Stock Exchange (NSE) from accessing the securities market for six months and also imposed a fine of ?1,000 crore on NSE in co-location case. Co-Location Case Co-location refers to system wherein a broker’s server is kept in the exchange premises to reduce latency (as it directly influences the amount of time trader takes to interact with market), or delay in computing terms, while executing trades.

In 2015, SEBI received complaints against NSE in which it was alleged that the system used by NSE to disseminate data through co-location facilities was partial, as it allowed users to get information before others and thereby created an information asymmetry between users. SEBI’s verdict in Co-Location Case: As inspected under the SEBI ‘Prohibition of Fraudulent and Unfair Trade Practices rules’ (PFUTP) Regulations, NSE was found guilty of committing fraudulent and unfair trade practice and it also did not exercised requisite due diligence while putting in place the TBT (tick-by-tick data feed) architecture, thus affecting market fairness. SEBI has barred the NSE from accessing the securities market for six months as its actions. It has fined NSE for almost ?1,000 crore (i.e. ?89 crore plus 12% interest) from 1 April 2014 for its alleged failure to exercise proper due diligence while offering co-location facility. The disgorgement amount is required to deposited in Investor Protection and Education Fund (IPEF). It also directed former and current top employees in the management of exchange to not hold any position in a stock exchange for a period of two to three years.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Note: NSE has the largest market share in equity segment and almost a monopoly in equity derivatives. The Indo-French joint naval exercise “Varuna 2019” begins The first part of 17th edition of bilateral exercise ‘Varuna’ 2019, is being conducted between Navies of India and France off the Goa coast from 1st to 10th May 2019. Varuna: Indo-French joint naval exercise The joint naval exercise was first initiated in 1983 and was named as ‘Varuna’ in 2001. The objective behind conducting joint operations is to develop interoperability between two navies and to foster mutual cooperation by learning from each other’s best practices. It plays a vital part in Indo-French strategic partnership. It underlines shared interests and commitment of both nations in promoting maritime security. It is in line with ‘Joint Strategic Vision of India-French Cooperation’ in Indian Ocean Region (IOR) signed by President Emmanuel Macron and Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his state visit to India in 2018. VARUNA 2019 The year 2019 is 17th edition of exercise. It will be conducted in two phases, with first part of Varuna 19.1, conducted off the Goa coast from 1st to 10th May 19 and second part, Varuna 19.2, is scheduled to be held at end of May 2019 in Djibouti. Wikileaks founder AdarshJulian Bansal | [email protected] sentenced | in UK prison Wikileaks co-founder Julian Assange was sentenced on 1 May 2019 to 50 weeks (about 1 year 1 month) in a British prison for breaching his bail by entering the Ecuadorian embassy in London. Key Facts The 47-year-old Australian national was arrested when Ecuador terminated his asylum on 11th April 2019. He spent about seven years holed up in Ecuadoran Embassy and was found guilty of breaching the UK’s Bail Act. Ecuador granted him refuge in their London embassy in 2012 to avoid his extradition to Sweden on rape accusations. He currently faces US federal conspiracy charges in response to allegations that he conspired with former US intelligence analyst Chelsea Manning to download classified databases, which is one of the largest leaks of government secrets till date. It is now up to UK to decide whether to extradite Assange to US where if found guilty and convicted he would face up to five years in US prison. Wikileaks It was founded in 2006 by Julian Assange, an Australian computer programmer. The whistle-blowing website is a not for profit international media organisation. It obtains and publishes confidential documents and images, news leaks or classified data provided by anonymous sources. It has published many classified documents from film industry to national security and to war. It hit headlines in 2010 when it released footage of US soldiers killing civilians from a helicopter in Iraq. Fact-Sheet: Why a Clean Ganga Never Became a Reality Rivers are a source of life and in India, this has become deadly resource due to rising levels of pollution in the rivers as tonnes of waste finds its way into them thereby polluting waters and further choking their natural flow. The pollution is a death sentence to all the flora and fauna who are part of the ecosystem. The Modi government did try to make some advance to address the issue but has miserably failed to record any progress.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

Factsheet: The pollution in Indian Rivers has gone up ever since 2015 as the Central Pollution Control Board has pinpointed 302 stretches of nearly 12,000 km in rivers across the country. This comprises 51 highly contaminated stretches where the quality of water is particularly hazardous. The figures had shot up to 351 stretches in 2018 with 61 of them which were heavily polluted. Water is a state subject under our Constitution. The river waters, however, are not confined to a particular state and they flow across these boundaries. Also, different ministries are handling different aspects of the management of river waters. E.g. the Environment Ministry is responsible for the cleaning of rivers, while the flow of river waters is managed by the Ministry of Water Resources. Thus, the National River Conservation Plan which brings the state governments together to tackle the issue of pollution of rivers is put forth by the Environment Ministry. Under the Modi government, the funding for overall NRCP was reduced due to the focus being shifted to River Ganga. The governmental special focus on River Ganga is genuine as it considered as the most important river in India and also known as Holy to the Hindus. Ganga flows through 5 states in India namely, Uttarakhand, UP, Jharkhand, Bihar and finally West Bengal. Thus, a flagship programme was launched by the Modi government for Ganga rejuvenation. The National Ganga Council was also headed by the Prime Minister himself. It was under the Namame Gange programme that the government had promised to clean the river by 2019. The latest data by the Central Pollution Control Board states that there is no recorded improvement in the quality of river water. In fact, the recent data suggests that the pollution in Ganga has increased after three rounds of testing of the biological water quality was taken up at different locations across the stretch of the river between 2014 and 2018. Also, out of the 61 live monitoring stations which had been set up in Ganga only 13 points were deemed fit for bathing in March 2019. This data has come after the claims by the government of absolute sanitation of about 4,465 villages on the banks of the river. The river despite being polluted does not have any faecal bacteria. The governmental failure can be attributed to the fact that most of the funds earmarked for Namami Gange remain unspent i.e. the actual spending from a figure of Rs. 20,000 crores were far less. Even the Rs. 9000 crore which had been put aside in the last four years was not even spent half. The CAG report has

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 added that the failure has been largely due to the shortage of staff and general mismanagement due to which the pollution kept mounting. Pakistan to observe February 27 as ‘Operation Swift Retort’ Pakistan will observe the Pakistan Air Force’s (PAF) retaliatory action on 27th February 2019 against India as ‘Operation Swift Retort’. Key Highlights It was mentioned at PAF’s Air Staff presentation, which is held quarterly every year to take stock of operational preparedness of the force. According to PAF, “swift response” demonstrates their firm resolve, capacity and capability in thwarting (opposing successfully) the criminal designs of adversary. Although it alarmed that its response to any new “misadventure by the adversary” (in this case India) would be stronger than before. The Issue After 14 February 2019, when Pakistan based Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) suicide bomber attacked CRPF convoy in Pulwama, killing 40 CRPF soldiers, tensions between India and Pakistan escalated. Later on February 26 Indian Air Force (IAF) carried out counter-terror operation (Balakot Air Strike), hitting what it claimed was a JeM training camp in Balakot, deep inside Pakistan on 26 February

2019. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Then on 27 February the PAF retaliated and in an aerial combat between India and Pakistan, India lost its MiG-21 Bison aircraft and its pilot Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman, who allegedly shot down PAF’s F-16 fighter aircraft was captured by Pakistan. He was later released and handed over to India on March 1. 14th Edition of Annual Sino-Indian Border Trade opens at Nathu La The 14th edition of the annual Sino-Indian border trade opened at Nathu La, the frontier post at Sino- Indian border in Sikkim. To mark the commencement of border trade, officials and traders of both countries (India and China) were present at the border. Key Highlights Every year bilateral border trade between two countries is organised four days a week for period of six months, between May 1 and November 30. After a gap of 44 years, cross border trade was resumed on 6th, July 2006. Its reopening not only enhanced benefits of trade, but has also increased tourism in Sikkim and provided a means of livelihood for people of this region. India’s trade list comprised of two sections. Export list comprised of 36 items from dairy products to utensils and Import list includes a total of 20 items, namely carpets, quilts and jackets among others from the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR). In 2018 the goods export from India stood at Rs 45.03 crore, while items imported from the TAR were worth Rs 3.23 crore. NOTE The three open trading border posts between India and China are- 1. Nathu La in Sikkim 2. Shipkila in Himachal Pradesh 3. Lipulekh (or Lipulech) in Uttarakhand. Religious Freedom in India deteriorated in 2018: U.S. Commission According to United States Commission on International Religious Freedom 2019 report, India saw an “overall deterioration of religious freedom conditions in 2018”. US Commission on International Religious Freedom is a bipartisan, independent federal government commission, created by International Religious Freedom Act of 1998. Key Highlights of Report India continues to remain a Tier II country. It is in same list since 2009. Tier II countries are those in which during 2018 ‘violations engaged in or tolerated by government are serious and characterized by at least one of the elements of systematic, ongoing, and egregious

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 (horrible)’. Other Tier 2 countries are Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cuba, Egypt, Indonesia, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Laos, Malaysia and Turkey. India is facing declining religious freedom, apart from increased securitisation and politicisation of religion. It is increasingly becoming difficult to separate religion and politics. It is a tactic which is sometimes intended by those who seek to discriminate against certain religious communities. Over the last decade Minorities conditions have deteriorated in country. The reason is attributed to extremist groups, anti-conversion laws, cow-protection groups, mob lynching, concerns that millions from Assam will be incorrectly left out of NRC (National Register of Citizen) and a denying international NGOs registration. The Chairperson of Commission, Tenzin Dorjee gave a dissenting view. He argued that India is an open society with a robust democratic and judiciary system where religious harmony exists. He cited “positive developments” like communal attacks dropped by 12 % in 2018 from 2017 levels, a 12% increase in budget of Ministry of Minority Affairs and Supreme Court’s push for a 11-point plan to counter mob violence. Fact-Sheet: The Evolving Relationship between Indian Capitalism and the Sensex The recurrent stir in the Sensex or the Sensitivity Index is a shred of evidence to the aggressive and versatile nature of the Indian economy. OneAdarsh Bansalhundred | [email protected] years ago | the Indian equity market was in a mess due to the end of the speculation boom after World War I. It was in 1923 that the British government had set up a committee in 1923 for taking a close look at the daily operations of the Native Share and Stock Brokers’ Association of Bombay. It was that report which contained data on the first index of tradable securities which was heavily dominated by the textile industries. The base price as of July 1914. The report had some glaring complaints that there was an absence of daily official lists of data and such lists should also be published by the Bombay Stock Exchange on similar lines of London Stock Exchange. It is because of the high fluctuations seen that the need for recording the opening, closing, highest and lowest prices should be known. The Recurrent Stir in Sensex 40th Anniversary of BSE Sensitive Index: The event has clammed a lot of media attention. Sensex was established in 1986 although its base had come up in 1979. Although the Reserve Bank of India had set up an index of traded securities a couple of years into independence the investors in India had to actually wait till 1986 for the generation of a reliable daily gauge of the movements of the market. The 30 companies which comprised the Sensex have changed since 1986. It is this change which offers great clues about the dynamic nature of the Indian Corporate Sector. The first churn of the Sensex was influenced by the Tata Group as the latter had six companies in the index namely- ACC, Tata Steel, Tata Power, Voltas, Indian Hotels and even Tata Motors. The Birla Group which was an extension of the Tata Group had almost five companies listed in the index namely- Grasim, Indian Rayon, Century Textiles, Hindustan Motors and Hindalco. The current version of Sensex has far less dominance of any groups, although three Tata companies are still listed on Sensex. Corporate India is much more fragile than is understood otherwise. The trend has been proven over the decades as only a few companies like Tata Motors, Hindustan Unilever, M&M, L&T, ITC etc. have only managed to retain their positions on the index while many big names like Kirloskar Group, the Thapar Group etc. have slipped out of it. Even the big infrastructure giants like Jaiprakash Associates, DLF, Reliance Infrastructure etc., are no longer seen in the index. The usual stirring also opens a window to a specific nature of Indian Economy. The preliminary version of Sensex was highly influenced by the manufacturing sector. As the services and other non- tradable sectors grew to make a mark, the role of the manufacturing sector came down considerably. One prominent reason for the above is that there has been a growing take over of the private sector over the areas which had been previously only included only in the public sector. It was only after 1991 reforms that the quota for private sector had opened. It is because of the latter

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 that the contribution of the manufacturing sector has halved from 26 to 13 in 1988. Another notable trend is the decline in the number of multinational corporations especially the ones which have foreign origins. Only two MNCs which are currently listed on Sensex are Hindustan Unilever and ITC. This has resulted from the fact that many MNCs have specifically delisted their Indian subsidiaries and the new ones which have expanded in India have made a conscious choice not to list in the Indian Stock market thereby bringing down the avenues of investment for the Indian investors. Thus, the trends are suggestive of the fact that there is an apparent rise in the new generation firms in India along with a shift towards the services sector. ISRO to launch lunar mission ‘Chandrayaan-2’ in July 2019 The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced that India’s second lunar mission Chandrayaan-2 is scheduled to be launched between July 9 and 16 2019. The Chandrayaan-2’s lander will touch down near Moon’s south pole on 6th September 2019. About Chandrayan-2 It is India’s second lunar mission. It would be launched using India’s most powerful rocket GSLV MK-III from Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh. Mission Objective: Its payloads will collect scientific information on lunar (moon) topography, mineralogy, elemental abundance, lunarAdarsh Bansalexosphere | [email protected] and signatures | of hydroxyl and water-ice. It has three modules (a detachable self-contained unit of a spacecraft) namely namely Orbiter, Lander named Vikram and Rover named Pragyan. The Orbiter and Lander modules will be put together as an integrated module and accommodated inside GSLV MK-III a three stage launch vehicle equipped to lift heaviest satellites into orbit. The Rover is enclosed inside the Lander. Once spacecraft is launched into earth bound orbit by GSLV MK-III, the integrated module will reach Moon orbit using Orbiter propulsion module. Then, the Vikram Lander would separate from the Orbiter and will make soft landing at a predetermined site close to lunar South Pole. The wheeled Pragyan Rover will roll out for carrying out scientific experiments on lunar surface. Instruments are mounted on Lander and Orbiter for carrying out scientific experiments. The data collected by them would be relayed to earth. Importance Chandrayan-2 mission would land on southern pole of the moon, which is still unexplored by any of the countries. Therefore landing of spacecraft near lunar’s south pole would be historically significant as it would give ISRO opportunity to name that site on the moon. All the three modules namely Orbiter, Lander (Vikram) & Rover (Pragyan) are developed by India. Unlike Chandrayan-1 (India’s first lunar mission) launched using PSLV rocket and which involved only orbiting the moon, Chandryaan 2 would attempt a soft landing close to lunar south pole.

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Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

Other Indian Crucial Space Mission Chandrayaan-1: It was India’s first lunar probe mission launched by ISRO in October 2008 and operated until August 2009. Mangalyaan: Also known as The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM) is a space probe orbiting Mars since September 24, 2014. Chandrayaan-2: Is mission to land a rover on the moon, it was delayed by over a year. Aditya-L1: Mission is to the study and observation of sun’s properties. Gaganyaan: India’s manned space mission by 2022. May 3, 2019 Vice president issued Postage Stamp to commemorate 750th Birth Anniversary of Sri Vedanta Desika On 2 May 2019, Vice President Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu released postage stamp in New Delhi to commemorate 750th birth anniversary of Sri Vedanta Desikan and his great philosopher’s life and highly valued work. Importance Releasing commemorative postage stamps is an initiative to pay tribute to great contributions of visionaries like Sri Vedanta Desikan but it also aims to inspire our younger generation to follow in their footsteps. It emphasizes that children must internalize and practice lofty ideals of humanism, peace and compassion propagated by the great saint and spiritual icon. Sri Vedanta Desikan He is one of most prominent preceptors in ‘Sri Vaishnava’ tradition post Ramanuja period.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 He had authored brilliant poems, prose, drama, epics, commentaries, scientific texts and philosophical treatises in many languages, mainly Sanskrit, Tamil, Prakrit and Manipravalam. He was a multi-faceted personality which included philosopher,master-teacher (desikan), spiritual teacher, scientist, logician, poet, mathematician, literary genius, linguist, military strategist etc. The most essential features of his philosophy is the ‘aspect of inclusion’ which means anyone, irrespective of any caste or creed could join Sri Vaishnava fold. This was a truly democratizing movement in eradication caste distinctions. He truly worked towards shaping our Bharat into a “Jnana Bhoomi”. The basis of his spiritual teachings were peace and humanity. Achievements He has been awarded many titles for his vast range of achievements, including title of kavi‘ tarkika- kesari’ (the lion amongst poets and logicians). He was celebrated as‘sarva-tantra-svatantra’ (means master of all arts and crafts) and glorified as‘ramanuja-daya-patram’ (the recipient of Ramanuja’s blessings). His written masterpiece ‘Rahasya Traya Sara’, is a treatise on Prapatti (surrendering oneself to divine). His great work ‘Paduka Sahasram’ shows his poetic eloquence and his mathematical ingenuity. In Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | two verses of this collection, he gave a solution to mathematical problem that was solved about 500 years later by mathematician, Leonard Euler. His works like ‘Silpartha-Saram’, a treatise on sculpture, and ‘Bhugola Nirnayam’, a research text on geography showed his knowledge of the arts and sciences. Desikan’s ‘Subhashita Neevi’ contains a fund of moral and ethical advice which are still relevant and practical. His authored ‘Aahaara Niyamam’ explains how different food items help in maintaining healthy mind and disease-free life. Government and IIT-Delhi signs MoU to set up a Centre of Excellence for Waste to Wealth Technologies To commemorate 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi on 2 October 2019, the Office of Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) to Government of India and Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in a move to come together and to bring best of science and technology to implement waste management by setting up aCentre of Excellence for Waste to Wealth Technologies in India. Key Highlights The waste to wealth mission project has been approved under Prime Minister’s Science Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STIAC). The GoI and IIT-Delhi partnership will provide an effective platform for stakeholders to bring together integrated approaches for effective recycle, reuse and resource recovery of waste. IIT Delhi had already identified waste to wealth as a focus area and many of its faculty members are already working on a variety of projects related to waste management. The focus is to consolidate all possible Waste to Wealth Technologies, learn from best practices followed worldwide, and implement them at ground level at Indian cities. Centre of Excellence for Waste to Wealth Technologies It will work for implementation of sustainable, scientific and technological solutions for waste management, by validating and deploying available technologies for transformation of waste to wealth. It will work on two terms of Objective: 1. The immediate goal: is to set up an on-site pilot projects. This would effectively and successfully demonstrate proof of concept of technology under Indian condition. For this, technologies available with various national and international academias, industries, research laboratories and other agencies will be implemented. It will be carried out by a strong collaborating network between IIT Delhi, and other national and international stakeholders under the aegis of PSA office.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 2. The long-term goal: is to streamline waste in India by creating circular economic models for waste management by using big data analytics and frontier technologies. The outcomes would involve waste treatment and generating different forms of energy, resulting in making India a waste free nation, with zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and no health hazard. Under it, a waste to wealth programme management centre will also be set up at IIT Delhi. Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) office It acts as a ‘think-tank’ and ‘action-tank’ for science, technology and innovation activities in India. It plays a catalytic and synergistic role to strongly connect government ministry, academia and industry, in evolving appropriate policies, making recommendations for relevant scientific departments and ministries, and implementing scientific interventions in various sectors of national priority. PM-STIAC It is an overarching body with function of assessing, creating and implementing major scientific, technology and innovation interventions in India. It has identified nine national missions to address major scientific challenges in India. Through these nine missions, it aims to facilitate collaboration to solve complex problems and to ensure sustainable development. Waste to wealth is one of the 9 Missions.Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Water Storage Level of 91 Major Reservoirs in India goes down by One Percent As per Ministry of Water Resources, the water storage level available in 91 major Indian reservoirs for week ending on 2 May 2019 was 40.592 BCM (Billion cubic meters), which is 25% of total storage capacity of these reservoirs. This was at 26% for week ending on April 25, 2019. This shows decline in water storage level by 1%. As per yearly comparison, level of water storage in week ending on 2 May 2019 was 115% of storage of corresponding period of last year (i.e. May 2018) and 104% of storage of average of last ten years (i.e. May 2009). Key Facts Total storage capacity of these 91 reservoirs is 161.993 BCM which is nearly 63% of estimated total storage capacity of 257.812 BCM created in country. 37 out of 91 Reservoirs have hydropower benefit with installed capacity of more than 60 MW. Storage Status of States (in comparison to corresponding period of 2018) States having better storage are Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Gujarat, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. States having equal storage are Odisha and Andhra Pradesh and Telangana combined (AP&TG, Two combined projects in both states). States having lesser storage are Rajasthan, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh, and Kerala. Afghans call for ceasefire as “Loya Jirga” Peace Summit wraps up Afghanistan on 29 April 2019 convened rare “Loya Jirga”, a four day long grand assembly or massive meeting for delegates from across country to discuss war and efforts of United States to forge a peace deal with Taliban. At the end of huge peace summit in Kabul, Afghan officials called for immediate and permanent ceasefire. Loya Jirga It is a centuries-old tradition in Afghanistan which is usually convened at times of national crisis or to settle national issues. It means “grand council” in Pashto. It is a 4 day long grand assembly held at Kabul, Afghanistan. Participants include ethnic, religious and tribal leaders, politicians and representatives from all over the country. In past it has been used to approve new constitution, declare war, choose a new king, or to make social or political reforms. In Loya Jirga 2019, more than 3,000 participants gathered under tight security to discuss possibility

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 of peace, cease-fire and women’s rights in keeping with tenets of Islam. Several committee leaders favored an immediate pause in violence, which still continues across Afghanistan even after various peace summits taking place. Recent Developments The Taliban, who were earlier not at talks, are meeting separately with US peace envoy Zalmay Khalilzad in Doha in May 1st week. It is seen as an effort to make a deal with US that could see withdrawal of foreign forces from Afghanistan. Issue: The Taliban has frequently refused to talk to Afghan government, as it views government as a puppet regime. This means that even if US and Taliban agrees on deal to end war and set timetable for eventual withdrawal of troop, the insurgents may still forge some kind of an accord with Afghan politicians and tribal elders before an enduring ceasefire could start. Most people of Afghan society worry that if US does make a deal with Taliban, then militant Islamists would try to seize power and undo advances in women’s rights, media freedoms, and legal protections. Note: Taliban is a Sunni Islamic fundamentalist political movement and military organization in Afghanistan currently waging war within the country. Apurvi Chandela becomesAdarsh World Bansal | [email protected] Number One | in women’s 10m Air Rifle Indian shooting ace Apurvi Chandela attained world number one position in women’s 10metres Air Rifle event. Anjum Moudgil also now holds world number two rank in 10metres Air Rifle after winning her mixed team gold at ISSF World Cup in Beijing, China. Apurvi Singh Chandela She is an Indian sport shooter from Jaipur who competes in 10 metre air rifle event. She is among five Indian shooters who have already secured 2020 Olympics quotas for India. She held a world record score of 252.9 and clinched gold at International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) World Cup held at New Delhi in February 2019. She was a gold medallist at 2014 Glasgow Commonwealth Game, UK and a bronze medal winner in next edition of Commonwealth at Gold Coast. She won a bronze medal in 10m mixed rifle event, in 2018 Asian Games held at Indonesia. Kumar Sangakkara to become 1st Non-British President of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) Sri Lanka’s former captain Kumar Sangakkara will become first Non-British president of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). Key Highlights He will take up charge of president post on 1st October 2019 and will serve for 12 months period. His tenure at Lord’s will witness two England test matches against West Indies and Pakistan and also the launch of ‘The Hundred’, an England and Wales Cricket Board’s new 100-ball cricket format. Background Now 41-year-old, Kumar Sangakkara was awarded Honorary Life Membership of the MCC in 2012. Later, he joined MCC’s World Cricket committee and remains an active member since then. Marylebone Cricket Club It was founded in 1787 and has been based at Lord’s (a cricket ground in London, UK). MCC owns Lord’s since 1814. It is the guardian (or custodian) of the Laws of the game. World Press Freedom Day observed on 3 May The World Press Freedom Day 2019 is observed on 3 May 2019. It is being jointly organized by UNESCO, African Union Commission and Government of Ethiopia. The year 2019 marks 26th celebration of WPFD. The main event is being held at African Union Headquarters at Addis Ababa. The World Press Freedom Day It is observed to raise awareness about importance of freedom of press and freedom of expression as fundamental human rights. WPFD reminds governments of their obligation to respect and uphold right to freedom of expression defined under Article 19 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948. Objective: It aims celebrating fundamental principles of press freedom, assessing state of press freedom worldwide, defending media against attacks on their independence, and to pay tribute to journalists who

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 have lost their lives while doing their duty. Theme for World Press Freedom Day 2019 was “Media for Democracy: Journalism and Elections in Times of Disinformation”. It examines current challenges faced by media at the time of elections, and media’s potential in supporting peace and reconciliation processes. Background In December 1993 UN General Assembly (UNGA) following the recommendation of UNESCO’s General Conference proclaimed 3 May as World Press Freedom Day. Since then is celebrated worldwide every year. ‘May 3’ was selected to commemorate adaptation of ‘The Windhoek Declaration’ (a draft by African journalists for development of a Free, Independent and African Pluralistic Press) on 3 May 1991. Iraq remains India’s top supplier of Crude Oil in 2019 According to data released by Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics (DGCI&S), Iraq remains India’s top crude oil supplier for second year in a row. Key Highlights of India’s Oil import Data India is world’s third largest importer of crude oil (7% of total crude oil imports) after China (world’s largest importer with 20.2% of total crude oil imports) and USA (13.8%). India’s crude oil imports meets 80 % its oil needs. Total Import: India imported 207.3 MT (Metric Tons) of crude oil in 2018-19, down from 220.4 MT in

2017-18. This increased India’s total crudeAdarsh Bansal oil | [email protected] import bill by | 40.6% i.e. to $86.9 billion as compared to $61.8 billion from previous year. Iraq: one of largest producers of Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is India’s top crude oil supplier for past two years. It meets more than 20% of India’s oil needs in 2018-19 fiscal year by selling 46.61 million tonnes (mt) of crude oil to India. Saudi Arabia: largest producer of OPEC has traditionally been India’s top oil import source, but in 2017-18 fiscal year it was dethroned by Iraq for the first time. In 2018-19, Saudi exported 40.33 mt of crude oil to India. Amid restrictions on Iranian crude oil exports, India’s oil imports from Saudi Arabia jumped 53% 3.02 MT in December 2018. Iran: the Persian Gulf nation was third largest crude oil supplier to India even when India stopped importing from Iran following re-imposition of economic sanctions by US. It sold 23.9 mt of crude in 2018-19, up from 22.59 mt in the 2017. UAE: surpassed Venezuela to become India’s fourth-largest crude supplier. It sold 17.49MT of crude oil to India in 2018-19. Venezuela: is one of top five crude oil suppliers to India. But volume of crude sourced from Venezuela has been erratic due to ongoing political and economic crisis and under-investment in sector which is impacting it’s production. Nigeria was next biggest supplier with 16.83MT of exports in 2018-19. Other Countries: Kuwait supplied 10.78 MT of crude oil and next to it wasMexico which supplied another 10.28 MT. United States: It first began selling crude oil to India in 2017 is now fast becoming a major supplier. Supplies from U.S. jumped by more than four times in 2018-19 fiscal year. Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence & Statistics (DGCI&S) It is a premier organization of Govt. of India attached to Ministry of Commerce and Industry. Its office is located at Kolkata. It is entrusted with collection, compilation and publishing or dissemination of India’s trade statistics and commercial information. Such information is often required by policy makers, researchers, importers, exporters, traders and even overseas buyers. World Tuna Day observed on 2 May World Tuna Day was observed on 2 May to raise awareness about importance of tuna and to promote more sustainable fishing practices across the world. Importance Many coastal countries depend heavily on tuna fish resources for food security and nutrition, economic development, employment, government revenue, livelihoods, culture and recreation.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 At present, about 96 countries worldwide are involved in conservation and management of tuna with annual value of almost US $10 billion. Therefore, Tuna Day seeks to stress importance of stable and healthy tuna population. It also aims to create awareness about possible impact of drastically declining tuna stocks and to highlight economic and social benefits of establishing more sustainable fishing practices. Background The World Tuna Day was officially proclaimed by United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) by adopting resolution 71/124 in December 2016. Its aim was to highlight importance of conservation management and ensure that a system is required in place to prevent tuna stocks from crashing. The first internationally recognized World Tuna Day was observed on 2 May 2017. Ex ISRO Chairman A S Kiran Kumar conferred France’s Highest Civilian Honour On 2 May 2019 former Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) chairman A S Kiran Kumar was awarded France’s highest civilian honour ‘Chevalier de l’Ordre national de la Legion d’Honneur’ (or National Order of the Legion of Honour) by France’s Ambassador to India Alexandre Ziegler on behalf of French President. Importance He was awarded for his invaluable contribution in fostering historic and ambitious space

cooperation between India and France.Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Throughout his tenure in ISRO office, he worked towards development of India-France ambitious space cooperation. He significantly made direct contribution in making space cooperation a cooperation of the people and also one of cornerstones of Indo-French strategic partnership. Chevalier de l’Ordre national de la Legion d’Honneur It was established in 1802 by Napoleon Bonaparte and retained by all later French governments and regimes. It is the highest civilian award conferred by France for outstanding service to nation, irrespective of recipient’s nationality. The President of the French Republic is Grand Master of the l’Ordre national de la Legion d’Honneur. It is also highest French order of merit conferred for military and civil merits. The order is divided into five degrees. The Order in increasing distinction are namely, Chevalier (Knight), Officier (Officer), Commandeur (Commander), Grand Officier (Grand Officer) and Grand-Croix (Grand Cross). AS Kiran Kumar He served as 9th Chairman ISRO’s from 2015 to 2018. He was succeeded by incumbent K Sivan (former Director of Vikram Sarabhai Space Center and Liquid Propulsion centre). Achievements He has represented ISRO at many international forums namely, World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) and Indo-US Joint Working Group on Civil Space Cooperation. He currently serves as chairman of ISRO Committee on Earth Observation Satellites. He major significant contributions to Indian space programmes, include designing and developing electro-optical image sensors used in India’s first remote sensing satellite, Bhaskara which was launched in 1979, and credited with ocean colour instruments used in weather forecasting, sea zone and landscape mapping and telecommunications. He contributed to design and development of imaging instruments for projects like INSAT–3D, Resourcesat, Micro Satellite and Cartosat. He is also credited for his contribution in Terrain Mapping Camera and Hyperspectral Imager payloads of Chandrayaan-1 project. May 4, 2019 ISRO to launch Radar Imaging Satellite ‘RISAT 2BR1’ by end of May 2019 The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced its plans to launch its latestradar imaging reconnaissance satellite ‘RISAT 2BR1’ towards the end of May 2019. Its launch was earlier scheduled in 2020 after RISAT-2A but is now preponed.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 About Launch The RISAT (radar imaging satellite), will be carried by PSLV-C46. It is one of the reusable variants of ISRO’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket, which have offered significant progress and technology sophistication in terms of advancement in space technologies. The designation ‘C-46’ is as per ISRO’s numbering system. It would depart from first launch pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. About Risat Series On 20 April 2009, RISAT-2 was deployed in orbit prior to RISAT- 1. This was because following 2008 Mumbai terror attacks Indian forces were in dire need of round the clock surveillance. As RISAT- 1’s C-band SAR radar was not yet ready so RISAT -2 was launched carrying Israeli built X-band radar. Therefore ‘RISAT-2’ was deployed before RISAT-1. Its main sensor is X-band synthetic aperture radars (SAR) which provided Indian defence forces all-weather surveillance for monitoring national borders to notice any potential threat or malicious activity and to carry out anti-infiltration and anti-terrorist operations. RISAT-1 was successfully launched on 26 April 2012 for a period of five years. It is first indigenous microwave remote sensing satellite designedAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] and developed | by ISRO. It was launched by PSLV-C19 into sun’s synchronous orbit at an altitude of 536 km. It was not designed as a surveillance satellite as it relied on the C-band. Its data was extensively used for applications like natural resources management, in areas of agriculture planning, mainly paddy monitoring in kharif season, forestry surveys and disaster management support, during natural disasters like floods and cyclones. About to be deployed RISAT-2BR1 satellite uses same SAR band and will further improve India’s imaging reconnaissance (surveillance) abilities. Importance The RISAT series by ISRO are first all-weather earth observation satellites. These Radar imaging satellites are designed to all-weather surveillance using synthetic aperture radars (SAR) i.e. they provide a continuous (24×7) view of earth day or night and even during bad weather for defence forces to detect infiltration along border. World Press Freedom Prize 2019 awarded to Myanmar Journalists The World Press Freedom Prize also known as UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize is formally conferred every year by Director-General of UNESCO, on occasion of World Press Freedom Day observed on 3 May. Recipients of World Press Freedom Prize 2019 In 2019 award would be shared by two jailed Myanmar journalists ‘Wa Lone’ and ‘Kyaw Soe Oo’ who reported on alleged human rights violations in state of Rakhine, Myanmar. The Reuters reporters are serving seven year prison sentence in Myanmar. They are charged with breaking country’s secrets law for their journalistic investigation on military’s brutal crackdown and killings of Rohingya Muslims in Rakhine state. Importance It honours a person, organization or institution which has made an outstanding contribution for defending and promoting freedom of press anywhere in world, especially when achieved it in face of danger by fighting all odds. It includes a cash Prize worth $25000. Background It was established in 1997 on initiative of UNESCO’s Executive Board. The name ‘Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize’ is to honour Guillermo Cano Isaza, a Colombian journalist who was a vocal critic of Columbosa’s powerful drug barons and was assassinated in front of his newspaper El Espectador office in Bogotá, Colombia on 17 December 1986.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 US Air Force General Tod Wolters appointed as NATO’s Supreme Allied Commander The United States Air Force General Tod D. Wolters was sworn in as top military officer of North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), at NATO’s military headquarters in Mons, southern Belgium. Tod D. Wolters Service: He is a former US pilot who has served as commander of U.S. Air Forces in Europe and U.S. Air Forces in Africa. He has also served in Afghanistan and Iraq. He will succeed U.S. Army General Curtis M. Scaparrotti to become new Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) for a term of two to three years. He will also be a commander of U.S. forces in Europe. Supreme Allied Commander Europe A SACEUR is commander of NATO’s Allied Command Operations (ACO). He is based at SHAPE in Casteau, Belgium. He also heads Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE). SHAPE is ACO’s headquarter. SACEUR is second highest military position within NATO. In terms of precedence It is only after Chairman of NATO Military Committee. Importance: NATO’s SACEUR post has always been held by an American military officer. A SACEUR position is dual-hatted i.e. one who serves as SACEUR also holds role of Commander of United States European Command. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | It is one of most challenging and most important military positions in world. NATO It is an intergovernmental military and political alliance based on North Atlantic Treaty (also known as Washington Treaty) signed in 4 April 1949. It is also known as North Atlantic Alliance. It consists of 29 independent member countries across North America and Europe. It is headquartered in Brussels, Belgium and Headquarters of its Allied Command Operations in Mons, Belgium. Importance: It constitutes a system of collective defence by which its independent member states agrees for mutual defence in response to any attack on any member by any external party. Defence Ministry approves Indian Navy’s proposal to acquire 10 ‘Kamov Ka-31’ helicopters from Russia Ministry of Defence has approved Indian Navy’s proposal to acquire 10 Kamov-31 helicopters from Russia. The deal worth Rs.3,600 crore, is a move to strengthen Indian Navies capability against aerial threats to its aircraft carriers and large warships. Key Highlights The Kamov-31 helicopters would be deployed on Indian Navy’s aircraft carriers and warships including INS Vikrant and Grigorovich-class frigates. Its deployment is largely aimed at sanitising air space around battle groups which are led by aircraft carriers while carrying out defence operations in open sea or anti-submarine warfare operations. The decision was taken at Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) meeting chaired by Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman (DAC is headed by Defence Minister and members includes three service chiefs and defence secretary). The Kamov-31 deal is a follow-on order (i.e. not a new order as Indian Navy already has a fleet of 12 of these Kamov-31 choppers) therefore once processed by Navy, it will directly be presented before cabinet committee on security for final approval. Kamov Ka-31 It is a military helicopter manufactured by ‘JSC Kamov’ (a Russian rotorcraft manufacturing company) and development started in 1987 for Soviet Navy. It is currently in service in Russia, China and India in Naval role. These are Airborne Early Warning and Control helicopters based on Ka-27 (Ka-28) design. Need: For anti-submarine warfare operations Indian Navy already has fleet of Russian ‘Kamov-28’ choppers along with ‘Seaking’ choppers which were procured in 1980s but they need to be upgraded for future operations. Nileena M. S authored Article ‘Coalgate 2.0’ wins Asian College of Journalism’s Award for Investigative

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Journalism, 2018 Article titled ‘Coalgate 2.0’, authored by Nileena M. S. and published in March 2018 issue of ‘The Caravan’ magazine, won Asian College of Journalism’s Award for Investigative Journalism, 2018. ‘Coalgate 2.0’ The article investigates allotment of ‘captive coal blocks’ in Parba East and Kanta Basan regions of Chhattisgarh. It explores deforestation, re locations of people, loss of livelihood, and denial of forest rights to tribals. It revealed how a joint venture between Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited (power- corporation of Rajasthan Government) and Adani Enterprises Limited continues to function on basis of agreements that date earlier to September 2014 landmark judgement of Supreme Court, which cancelled almost all existing permissions for captive mining of coal blocks. It is an excellent example of investigative journalism in field of financial reporting.

About ACJ Award for Investigative Jounalism It is instituted by Asian College of Journalism, with support of Media Development Foundation. It recognises and encourage best works of investigative journalism produced for Indian readers,

viewers and audiences in order to promoteAdarsh Bansal journalism | [email protected] in public | interest. It is an award for Print and online/digital/multimedia (newspapers, magazines, websites and others) portals or platforms. It comprises of trophy, a citation and a cash prize of Rs.2,00,000 (rupees two lakhs). Criteria: The piece should be solid work of investigative journalism, combined with extensive research uncovering new evidence to reveal a truth, hitherto unknown to most, and must be of essential public interest Other stories awarded Special Mentions are: “The Chronicle of Crime Fiction That is Adityanath’s Encounter Raj” written by Neha Dixit for The Wire and “The Death of Judge Loya” authored by Nikita Saxena for The Caravan magazine. Chief Economic Advisor Krishnamurthy Subramanian appointed as Advisory Council Member in 15th Finance Commission The Chief Economic Advisor (CEA) to Central government, Dr. Krishnamurthy Subramanian is appointed as twelfth (12) member of Advisory Council of Fifteenth (15th) Finance Commission (FCc). Advisory Council It now has 12 members, which include noted economists Surjit Bhalla, Arvind Virmani, Indira Rajaraman and M Govinda Rao among others. Role and Function: To is to advise FC on any relevant matter or subject related to Terms of Reference (ToR) of Commission. To assists FC in preparing any research paper or study which would enhance commission’s understanding on issue contained in its ToR. To help expand FC understanding in adopting best national and international practices on matters of fiscal devolution and To help improve quality, reach and enforcement of FC recommendations. Finance Commission It is constituted under article 280 of Constitution by President of India. It mainly gives its recommendations on tax devolution i.e. distribution of tax revenues between Union and States and amongst states themselves. It is appointed for a period of five years and comprise of five member including one chairman and four other members. First FC was constituted under chairmanship of Shri K.C. Neogy on 6th April, 1952. Fifteenth Finance Commission It was constituted in November 2017, to give recommendations for tax devolution and other fiscal

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 matter for five fiscal years, 1 April 2020- 31 March 2025. It is chaired by N. K. Singh, and members Ajay Narayan Jha, Ashok Lahiri and Anoop Singh. Ramesh Chand is a part-time member in FC. CFTRI to send food to Cyclone Fani hit areas Mysore based Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), has prepared nearly one lakh meals for distribution in cyclone Fani hit areas of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal. The severe cyclonic storm named Cyclone Fani had recently made a landfall impact on May 3, 2019 in Puri on Odisha coast. About CFTRI It is a premier food research laboratory under Ministry of Science and Technology (MoS&T), Government of India. It is Council of Scientific and Industrial Research’s (CSIR) constituent laboratory. It was established in 1950 and is headquartered in Mysore, Karnataka. Its resource centers are in Hyderabad, Lucknow and Mumbai. Functions It develops technologies to increase efficiency and reduce post-harvest crop losses, increase export, add conveniences and find new sources of food products, integrate human resources in food industries, reduce costs and modernize supply chains. Some of its research areas are Food Adarshengineering, Bansal | [email protected] food biotechnology, | microbiology, grain sciences, sensory science, Biochemistry, Molecular Nutrition and food safety. Past Initiatives In past disaster, CFTRI has sent food and relief material to Kerala during floods in 2018 and in 2013 flood victims of Uttarakhand. Missile destroyer INS Ranjit to be decommissioned The Indian Navy’s frontline missile destroyer INS Ranjit will be decommissioned after 36 years of service. It was commisioned on September 15, 1983, with Captain Vishnu Bhagwat in command. The decommission ceremony will be held at Visakhapatnam’s naval dockyard on 6 May 2019. About INS Ranjit It was third of five Kashin-class destroyers (a series of anti-aircraft guided missile destroyers) built by former USSR. As of 2019, only one Kashin-class destroyers ship remains in service with Russian Navy, and five with Indian Navy as Rajput-class destroyers. It is first of five Rajput class destroyer to go out of service. It was constructed with serial number ‘Yard 2203’ in 61 Communards shipyard in Nikolev town, in Ukraine. She was launched formally on 16 June 1979 and was given its Russian name “Lovkly” meaning “Agile”. With a motto of ‘Sada Rane Jayate’ or ‘Ever Victorious in Battle’, INS Ranjit has been at forefront in keeping nation secure and deployed in a number of operations including IPKF (Indian Peace Keeping Force) operations and Operation Talwar (1999) during Kargil conflict. Note: The Rajput-class destroyers (also known as Kashin-II class or Project 61E) are modified versions of Soviet Kashin class destroyers. It includes INS Rajput, INS Rana, INS Ranjit, INS Ranvir and INS Ranvijay. The Rajput class destroyers were first to be fitted with Brahmos supersonic cruise missiles. RBI imposes fines on PPIs for violating Regulatory Guidelines Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed a monetary penalty on five Pre-Paid Payment Instrument (PPI) issuers which include Vodafone’s m-pesa and Phonepe, for violating its regulatory guidelines under provisions of Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007. Other facing Penalty includes, Western Union Financial Services Inc., MoneyGram Payment Systems Inc, (both are US firms) for for compounding of contravention and non-compliance of RBI guidelines and on Mobile Payments and Private and GI Technology. About Pre-Paid Payment Instrument (PPIs) PPIs are instruments which come with a preloaded value and in even with pre-defined purpose of payment.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 PPIs facilitates financial services, inter-personal remittance transactions (like sending money to friend or a family member), purchase of goods and services (G&S), etc., against amount stored on such instruments. Examples of PPIs: any smart cards (or chip card), magnetic stripe cards (or swipe card), internet accounts (like PayPal), internet wallets, mobile accounts, mobile wallets, paper vouchers (like travel and food vouchers) and any instruments used to access prepaid amount. Three types of PPIs issued in India are: 1. Closed System PPIs: are issued by an entity for facilitating purchase of G&S from that entity only and do not permit fund transfer or cash withdrawal. . They can be used only at specific locations. These do not require RBI approval. Ex- a brand specific gift card(Amazon/Pantaloons gift card). 2. Semi-closed System PPIs: are issued by banks (approved by RBI) and non-banks (authorized by RBI) for purchase of G&S at merchant locations which have specific contract with issuer to accept PPIs as payment instruments. These are not restricted to a single entity and can be used for fund transfer. Ex- e-wallets like Oxigen, Mobikwik, PayTm. 3. Open System PPIs: are issued only by banks (approved by RBI) and are used at any merchant for purchase of G&S and also for cash withdrawals at ATMs, Points of Sale (PoS) terminals and Business

Correspondents (BCs). Ex- Vodafone mPesa.Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Unlike open system PPI, closed and semi closed PPIs can be issued by NBFC and other entities who avail a license from RBI. PPI issuer is an entity operating in a payment system who issues PPIs to individuals or organisations and uses money so collected to make payment to merchants. PPI Holder is an individual or organisation who purchases PPI from PPI issuer and uses same for purchase of goods and services. May 5, 2019 Iran to continue enriching Uranium despite US move Iran announced it will continue with its low-level uranium enrichment in line with its nuclear deal with world powers. This move comes when on 3 May 2019, US forced Iran to stop producing low-enriched uranium and halt expanding its only nuclear power plant, thus intensifying campaign aimed at stopping Tehran’s ballistic missile programme and curbing its regional power. Move taken by US against Iran US efforts to impose political and economic isolation on Tehran began in 2018 when US President Trump unilaterally withdrew from nuclear deal which US and other world powers negotiated with Iran in 2015. US also scrapped its sanctions waiver under 2015 nuclear deal which until now allowed Iran to ship low enriched uranium produced at its Natanz facility, to Russia before it hit 300 kg limit and can even evade 300 kg limit on amount of low-enriched uranium it can store. In recent move US announced discontinuing waivers and sanctions for countries (even India) buying oil from Iranian oil. It is an attempt to reduce Iran’s oil exports to zero. It also blacklisted Iran’s elite Revolutionary Guard Corps as terrorist Organization. Arguments by Iran As per (nuclear accord) Iran can produce heavy water (which is employed in reactors to produce plutonium, a fuel used in nuclear warheads), as this does not violate agreement so Iran will carry on with enrichment activity. Its low-enriched uranium production helps Iran produce electricity. Iran called for talks with its other partners in nuclear deal and UN’s International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to approve that Iran can enrich fuel to 20 percent and higher. It is trying to counter US sanctions by continuing to export its oil at the same time boosting its non- oil exports. In a move to increase its hard currency income and cut down currency expenditures, Iran will increase production and raise non-oil exports.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 IAEA: International Atomic Energy Agency It was established in 1957as an autonomous organization with headquarters Vienna. It’s objective is to promote peaceful use of nuclear energy, and prevent its use for any military purpose, including production of nuclear weapons. Although it is independent of UN but it reports to both United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) and to UN Security Council (UNSC). It won Nobel Peace Prize in 2005. Shops and Businesses in Gujarat can now remain Open 24X7 ‘Gujarat Shops and Establishments (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 2019’ came into force from May 1. It allows that shops, commercial establishments and businesses running in state can now remain open round the clock (24X7). The act was passed by state Assembly in February 2019, but was notified on occasion of Gujarat’s foundation day, 1 May 1960. Key Highlights: Gujarat Shops and Establishments (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act 2019 It replaces ‘Gujarat Shops and Establishments Act of 1948’ which prohibited shops and other businesses from remaining open between 12 am to 6 am. Now shops and commercial establishments employing less than ten persons will need no registration and those employing more than 10 workers will require one-time registration with no

need for annual renewal Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Working hours for women employees can be only between 6 am and 9 pm. It could be relaxed if after considering safety issues authorities make a written request. Benefits Increase Employment: In Gujarat about seven lakh shops and businesses employ less than ten persons and generate direct employment of about 10-12 lakh persons. As per new law they do not require registration. Overtime Perks: Employees working overtime will get paid twice their pay, against one and half time under previous law. Biggest beneficiaries of amendments to existing law would be markets, malls, food outlets and retailers, especially during festive season. King Maha Vajiralongkorn officially crowned Rama X of Thailand Thailand officially crowned its new King Maha Vajiralongkorn with‘ Great Crown of Victory’ (one of five Royal Regalia i.e. symbols of kingship). He received a symbolic nine-tiered umbrella conferring him as ‘King Rama X of Thailand’. This coronation ceremony marks first ascension of a new monarch in past seven decades. King Maha Vajiralongkorn He became crown prince and official heir to throne in 1972. He has been on throne since 2016, but according to Thai tradition he cannot be considered a divine representative on Earth nor main patron of Buddhism until he is consecrated (declared sacred). For this three day coronation ceremony began in Bangkok on 4 May 2019. He is now titled Rama X, (or 10th monarch of the Chakri dynasty). Chakri dynasty, has been reigning since 1782. The last coronation was held for king’s father Bhumibol Adulyadej in 1950. He recently married to his royal consort who would now be new Queen Suthida. This is kings forth marriage. About Thailand Thailand has a constitutional monarchy, but royal family is highly respected by Thais and holds considerable power. The country also has strict laws, known as lese‘ majeste’, which bans public criticism of monarchy. It thus shields royal family from public view and scrutiny. Current Developments Thailand is being run by an arch-royalist junta since 2014 military coup. Even after general election held on 24 March 2019 (first since 2014 army coup) a new government is yet to be declared.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Although monarchy takes primacy in country but it is supported by the army. SpaceX launches Cargo Mission for NASA to ISS SpaceX successfully launched a Dragon spacecraft on a cargo mission for NASA to International Space Station (ISS). About Mission This is SpaceX’s fifth launch of year. The launch was rescheduled earlier due to some electrical problem on ISS. It was launched on a ‘Falcon 9’ rocket, from Cape Canaveral in Florida. It is being used for first time. Rocket on boards an un-crewed Cargo Dragon spacecraft. The Dragon spacecraft It is scheduled to reach ISS on May 6. It carries 2,500 kilograms of research, supplies and hardware for astronauts living and working on ISS as part of the CRS-17 mission (17th resupply mission). It will remain at ISS for about four weeks before coming back to Earth with more than 1,900 kg of research and return cargo. It has flown before on other Missions namely, CRS-12 mission in August 2017 About The International Space Station (ISS) It is basically an orbiting laboratoryAdarsh where Bansal | [email protected] its crew members | conduct experiments in fields of biology, human biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology,etc. It is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit (LEO). Launched into orbit for first time in 1998, it is now largest human-made body in LEO. Primary partners on project are USA’s NASA, Russia’s Roscosmos State Corporation for Space Activities (Roscosmos), EU’s European Space Agency (ESA), Canadian Space Agency and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). Nepal’s 18 year old girl sets Guinness World Records for Longest Dancing An 18-year old girl from Nepal named Bandana set a Guinness World Records on ‘Longest Dancing Marathon by an Individual’. She danced exclusively to Nepalese music continuously for 126 hours (over five days). Old Record She broke record set by India’s Kalamandalam Hemlatha, who danced continuously for 123 hours and 15 minutes in 2011. He performed classical dance form Mohiniyattam and set record at age of 37. About Guinness World Records Since its inception from 1933 to 2000 it was known as ‘The Guinness Book of Records’, later it was renamed Guinness World Records. It is a reference book which lists record-breaking achievements. It is published annually. Last captive White Tiger named Bajirao dies The last captive white tiger named Bajirao died recently at Sanjay Gandhi National Park, in Borivali (Mumbai suburb). He was 18 years and died due to old age related issues. He was born at national park in 2001. Reason: He suffered from chronic ankyloses (fusion of bones leads to abnormal stiffening and immobility of joint) on left shoulder and chronic senile generalised arthritis from past four years. Bajirao was born at the Sanjay Gandhi National Park in 2001. About White tigers They are not a separate sub-species of tiger. They are basically a pigmentation variant of the Bengal Tiger. Their white colour is due to lack of red or yellow pheomelanin pigment, and presence of unique recessive genes. They are also called Bleached Tiger. Characteristics: They have white to almost cream colored fur, pink nose, black/grey/chocolate colored stripes and blue (looks like green or amber). Distribution in India: They were found in Madhya Pradesh, Assam, West Bengal, Bihar and in Sunderbans region. Now there are no white tigers in wild as their entire population in world lives in

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 captivity. The last white tiger reported in wild was captured in Rewa forest in Madhya Pradesh. Sanjay Gandhi National Park It is a protected area in Borivali suburb in Mumbai, Maharashtra. It was earlier known as Borivali National Park. It encloses two lakes namely Vihar Lake and Tulsi Lake and has a protected archaeological site, called ‘Kanheri Caves’ in its centre. May 6, 2019 Zero Pendency Courts Project Zero Pendency Courts Project is the pilot project of the Delhi High Court. The pilot project was undertaken in certain subordinate courts of Delhi to identify benchmarks for different types of cases timelines, number of judges required, case flow management rules and a host of other relevant factors. The project was also aimed to provide information on the judicial time required to dispose of a case together with the gathering stage wise details in each case. Findings of the Study The Zero Pendency Courts Project aimed to study the life cycle of cases to come up with optimal timelines for cases has made the following observations: Delhi needs 43 more judges above the current strength of 143 to clear all the pending cases in one

year. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Persisting delays have made the system less credible as litigants have to wait for decades to get their cases resolved. As a result of the increase in the number of filings over the years, the pendency of cases is bound to increase if no proper targeted steps are taken to overcome the issue. It was estimated that judicial delays cost India around 1.5% of its Gross Domestic Product annually. The report identifies the absence of witnesses, unnecessary adjournments sought by the advocates or the parties, lesser number of judges and delay in the service of summons, especially to outstation parties as the reason for the persistent delays in case disposals. The findings from the pilot project will aid in providing a new understanding required to solve the vexed problem of pendency in the Indian legal system. FAME-II Scheme and Energy Needs The government had introduced the FAME II scheme to boost the adoption of electric and hybrid vehicles in the country. The Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) has made the following observations about the scheme: It estimates that India can save 64% of anticipated road-based mobility-related energy demand and 37% of carbon emissions in 2030 by pursuing a shared, electric, and connected mobility future. This reduction in energy demand would result in the reduction of 156 million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe) in diesel and petrol consumption for that year and net saving of approximately $60 billion in 2030 at present oil prices. Further, this would give impetus to India’s vision of reducing oil imports by 10% by 2022. The electric vehicle penetration in India is currently at just 1%, FAME alone is not enough to reach the 30% electric vehicles target by 2030. CII calls for boosting of the domestic manufacturing of vehicles, components and batteries needed to be boosted, along with skill development across the value chain, and the strategic sourcing of key raw material. For transport to go truly green, there must be accompanied by a rising share of renewables along with environmentally sustainable batteries. Transport sector in India continues to be the highest oil consuming sector and the use of diesel and petrol grew at 5.9% and 9.9% respectively in the last 10 years. India’s import dependency on oil has increased from 78.3 per cent of total consumption in 2014-15 to settling at a new high of 83.7% in the 10-month period of FY19. Hence FAME scheme has multiple benefits for both the economy and environment. 99942 Apophis Asteroid Expected to Fly Close to the Earth National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has predicted that asteroid 99942 Apophis will fly

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 towards the Earth in ten years. There is no need to worry since the asteroid will be about 31,000km away from the surface of the Earth. Since it is relatively rare for such a large object like 99942 Apophis to pass so close to Earth, it will offer scientists around the world a great opportunity to conduct a close-up study of the Apophis’ shape, composition and possibly even its interior. NASA has stated that about 2 billion people should be able to see it pass by with their naked eyes as it flies above Earth from the east coast to the west coast of Australia, then across the Indian Ocean and the equator, before moving west above Africa and finally over the Atlantic Ocean. Scientists predict that Apophis still has a small chance of impacting Earth, less than 1 in 100,000 many decades from now. 99942 Apophis Asteroid 99942 Apophis was discovered by US astronomers in 2004 and was named after the Egyptian god of chaos and destruction. It is a 370-meter diameter near-Earth asteroid. Karnataka takes steps to limit weight of School Bags Following the order of the Ministry of Human Resource and Development, the government of Karnataka has taken the necessary steps and has issued the guidelines for the school. The government has issued guidelines to reduce the weight of schoolbags. The government of Karnataka has issued a circular to all schools government,Adarsh Bansal aided | [email protected] and unaided | to take necessary steps to ensure that the weight of a schoolbag is not more than 10% of the child’s weight. What does the Circular Say? The bag of a student in Class 1 or 2 would weigh no more than 2 kg and the bag can weigh anywhere between 2 and 3 kg for students from Class 3 to 5. The prescribed weight increases progressively, with students in Class 9 and 10 allowed carrying bags in the 4-5 kg range. Further, students in Classes 1 and 2 should not be given any homework. Schools must set a timetable in advance, which will limit the number of books that have to be brought to class every day. All classwork should be kept in the school itself, either in files or books. Schools have been asked to provide some space in classrooms where students can store their notebooks and textbooks. Schools have been asked to make provisions for drinking water facilities so students don’t have to carry water bottles. The third Saturday of every month would be observed as a “No School Bag Day” and on that day, teachers are required to engage students without any books or supplementary materials. The suggested activities on No school bag day include field visits, general knowledge clubs, art classes, indoor and outdoor games, abacus, dance classes, and debates. Further, the government has asked the management of schools to create awareness about the health hazards of lugging heavy school bags. GRIHA for Existing Day Schools The Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) Council has launched a rating tool ‘GRIHA for Existing Day Schools’ to evaluate the environmental performance of existing schools across India. GRIHA for Existing Day Schools GRIHA for Existing Day Schools will work as an integrated tool to evaluate performance and provide solutions for enhanced energy and water efficiencies, increased thermal and visual comfort, and decreased operational and maintenance costs. The rating system is also aimed at familiarizing the students with the concepts of sustainability by involving them, under the guidance of their teachers, on evaluating the environmental impact of schools on the environment. The rating system will also provide the students and teachers with an opportunity to establish contact with nature and with each other using the approach of co-creation and understanding. GRIHA Council GRIHA Council is a registered society for the interaction on scientific and administrative issues related to

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 sustainable habitats in the Indian context. It was founded by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) with support from the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy along with a variety of experts in the fields related to sustainability of built environment from across the country. GRIHA Council promotes GRIHA- the National Rating System as a design and evaluation tool for green buildings and habitats. May 7, 2019 North Korea fires few Short-Range Projectiles into Sea of Japan North Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea) fired several short range projectiles into Sea of Japan under the command of North Korean leader Kim Jong-un. About Missile Test Objective: The purpose of drill was to test operating ability and accuracy of multiple rocket launchers and tactical guided weapons and also to increase country’s combat ability. This could be North Korea first short range missile launch after more than a year since it is in talk with US for nuclear disarmament. Pressure tactics of test: The attempt seeks to put pressure on US in aftermath of deadlocked nuclear talks between leader Kim Jong-un and US President Donald Trump in their second meeting held at Vietnam. Although country has gained few tangibleAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] benefits | from two summit meetings, but Kim Jong-un is now returning to strategy followed by his father and grandfather who have long track record of promising changes and then snatching them away. Importance for US: As US heads into 2020 presidential election, this move by North Korea may threaten signature diplomatic initiative by President Trump depriving him of opportunity to declare that he brought peace with Island Nation (which his predecessors failed). But, in reality peace never got very far as even suspension of all nuclear and missile testing hangs in balance. As per USA’s intelligence agencies report to Congress, North Korea in 2018 produced more nuclear material and fabricating an unknown quantity of it into new weapons. Geographic Facts: Sea of Japan The usage of term “Sea of Japan” as dominant name is a disputed issue. South Korea wants its name to be “East Sea” and North Korea prefers “East Sea of Korea”. It is a marginal sea located between Japan, Korean Peninsula and Russia. It is connected to other seas by five straits namely Strait of Tartary, La Perouse Strait, Tsugaru Strait, Kanmon Strait and Korea Strait. Japanese archipelago separates Sea of Japan from Pacific Ocean. It has almost no tides and less salinity due to its nearly complete enclosure from Pacific Ocean. 4th Scorpene-class submarine INS Vela launched The Indian Navy launched fourth Stealth Scorpene-Class submarine ‘INS Vela’ at state owned Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited (MDL) in Mumbai, Maharashtra. This is fourth submarine that was launched by MDL after it entered into contract with French collaborator Ms Naval Group (earlier known as DCNS) for construction and transfer of technology for six Scorpene class submarines under Project 75. INS Vela It is named ‘Vela’ after erstwhile ‘INS Vela’ (second batch of Foxtrot class submarines taken by India from erstwhile USSR) which was first commissioned in Indian Naval service on 31 August 1973 and continued in service for 37 years. It was India’s oldest submarine when it was decommissioned on 25 June 2010. Key Features of INS Vela It is equipped with modern machinery and technology to guard seas but will undergo several tests by Indian Navy before getting commissioned in defence fleet. It is a diesel-electric attack submarine of Kalvari-class. State-of-the-art attacking capability: it can attack using torpedoes and tube launch anti-ship missiles, whilst on surface or underwater. Stealth: it has superior stealth which gives it invulnerability and makes more difficult for enemy to

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 detect it. Multifarious types of missions: It can undertake missions such as anti-submarine warfare, anti- surface warfare, area surveillance, intelligence gathering, mine laying etc. and has ability to launch crippling attack on enemy using precision guided weapon. Operability: It can operate in all theatres, including tropics. Project 75 Under it, MDL will manufacture six Scorpene class submarines (which are next generation diesel submarines) for Indian Navy under technology transfer from Naval Group of France ($3.75 billion contract signed in 2005). The induction of all submarines is expected to be completed by 2020. Under it, submarines are being built using modular approach in which different sections are built separately and later assembled on pontoons (or floats). They are fitted with indigenously developed Air Independent Propulsion System (AIP) technology by DRDO for extended endurance. About MDL MDL was first shipyard in India to build submarines back in 1992, when dock built INS Shalki. NOTE: INS Kalvari, the first submarine in Scorpene class, has already been commissioned, while others are at adavance level of trial and test. The third in Scorpene series INS Karanj was launched in January 2019. The fifth Scorpene-class submarine INS Vagir and sixth Scorpene-class submarine INS Vagsheer are in advanced stages of manufacturing on the assemblyAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] line and will | be launched soon. Justice PR Ramachandra Menon sworn in as Chief Justice of Chhattisgarh Justice PR Ramachandra Menon was sworn in as Chief Justice of Chhattisgarh High Court. He now becomes 13th Chief Justice of Chhattisgarh HC. His oath of office and secrecy was administered by state Governor Anandiben Patel at Raj Bhawan, Raipur. Key Facts The Chhattisgarh High Court is located at Bodri District in Bilaspur, Chattisgarh. The Chhattisgarh Chief Justice office had fallen vacant after resignation of Chief Justice Ajay Kumar Tripathi after his appointment as judicial member of Lokpal. Supreme Court three judge collegium headed by Chief Justice of India (CJI) Ranjan Gogoi and other two Justice S A Bobde and Justice N V Ramana recommended appointment of Justice Menon. Justice Menon has earlier served as Additional Judge of Kerala High Court from January 2009 and was later appointed as permanent Judge of Kerala High Court on December 2010. High Courts in India The Article 214 of constitution of India mandates each state of India shall have a High Court. The Chief Justice of High Court is appointed as per Article 217 of constitution by President with consultation of CJI and Governor of respective State. The HC Judges are appointed by President in consultation with Chief Justice of India, and also Chief justice of concerned court. KVIC distributes more than 1 lakh Bee-Boxes under ‘Honey Mission’ The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) distributed more than one lakh bee-boxes among farmers and unemployed youths across India in less than two years under its ‘Honey Mission’ initiative. This is the first time such mass scale distribution of honey bee boxes has taken place in country. About Honey Mission It was launched in August 2017 in line with PM Narendra Modi’s call for‘Sweet Revolution’ (revolution in production of honey to increase its production) in 2016 while introducing Banas Honey project at Deesa in Gujarat. Under this mission KVIC provides beekeepers Practical training about examination of honeybee colonies. Acquaintance with apicultural equipments. Identification and management of bee enemies and diseases. Honey extraction and wax purification. Management of bee colonies in spring, summer, monsoon, autumn and winter seasons. So far, KVIC have created more than 10,000 new jobs and around 25,000 additional man days through fabrication of bee boxes and honey extractors.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 KVIC would provide loans for setting up processing units, packaging units and labelling units for honey. Importance: Production of healthy honey and wax, ands bee-keeping would open many job opportunities for unemployed youths and also for saspiring young entrepreneurs. Under mission till date about 246 metric tonnes of honey has been extracted through these bee- boxes valuing over Rs 4 crore. Earlier on 21 May 2018 on occasion ofWorld Honey Bee Day, KVIC distributed 1,000 bee-boxes among 100 Mishing tribe in Kaziranga forest area in Assam and created a new world record of distributing maximum number of bee boxes in a single day. About Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) It is a statutory body formed under ‘Khadi and Village Industries Commission Act of 1956’ by Government of India. It is an apex organisation under Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME). It is nodal implementation agency of Prime Minister Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP) at national level. PMEGP is a major credit-linked subsidy programme being implemented by MSME Ministry since 2008-09 and will Continue till 2019-20. It aims to generate employment in India’s rural and urban Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | areas. Laurentino Cortizo elected new President of Panama Panama’s Electoral Court declared the centre-left candidate Laurentino Cortizo as winner of Panama’s presidential election. Cortizo is candidate for Panama’s Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD), which won 33% of 95% of votes counted. The PRD was founded in 1979 by military ruler Omar Torrijos and has been out of power since 2009. About Laurentino “Nito” Cortizo He is a 66-year-old cattleman who was educated in US. He has earlier served as country’s minister of agriculture and also held roles at regional Organisation of American States, and worked in construction and livestock sectors. His presidential campaign focused on combating inequality and corruption, rising unemployment, Panama’s education system, state of water utilities and rubbish collection in capital, Panama City and slowing economic growth in this Central America trade and financial hub. About Panama It is a Central America country located onIsthmus of Panama (narrow bridge of land connecting North and South America). It is a tropical nation renowned as site ofPanama Canal (which cuts through its midsection and connects Atlantic and Pacific Oceans). It lies between Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean. Its national currency is ‘the balboa’. It is issued only in coins. The balboa is at par with U.S. dollar, and U.S. paper currency is freely circulated. G D Robert Govender conferred V K Krishna Menon award 2019 G D Robert Govender, an Indian–origin journalist in South Africa was honoured with V K Krishna Menon Award 2019 in United Kingdom for his contribution as pioneer of decolonised journalism. He became first person to be honoured with this award posthumously. The award was given by ‘V K Krishna Menon Institute’ on 123rd birth anniversary of renowned Indian diplomat and politician V K Krishna Menon. About G D Robert Govender He was born in South Africa in August 1930. During his career in journalism spanning nearly 60 years, he had developed international repute as campaigning journalist and author and was also first journalist to call for international boycott of whites-only sports teams of South Africa. His books include ‘The Martyrdom of Patrice Lumumba’ which had exposed role of Western intelligence agencies in murder of Congolese independence leader. He died in London, UK in 2016. About V K Krishna Menon He was India’s first High Commissioner to Britain (United Kingdom). He served as Defence Minister of

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 India from April 1957 to October 1962. He holds the record for longest speech (8 hours) before UN Security Council (UNSC) while defending India’s sovereignty over Kashmir. INS Vishal: India, UK in talks to replicate Naval Supercarrier According to reports, India is in talks with the United Kingdom (UK) for building a new state-of-the-art aircraft carrier that would be replicate (copycat version) of Britain’s HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier as part of ongoing ‘Make in India’ negotiations. It will be named ‘INS Vishal’ in 2022 and will become Indian Navy’s largest warship. Key Highlights As talks are underway for Indian Navy to buy detailed plans for British Warship, an Indian deputation have already paid a visit to Rosyth dockyard (in Scotland) where HMS Queen Elizabeth was assembled. Currently second supercarrier, HMS Prince of Wales, is being built there. The design for UK aircraft carriers is owned by British and French aerospace giants BAE and Thales. They have begun discussion with India and proposed that carrier’s design can be modified to meet Indian Navy and local industry requirements. Once agreed upon deal, the new warship would be built in India (under Make in India initiative) but UK companies could supply many of its parts. The new Naval carrier would serve alongside India’s INS Vikramaditya (a 45,000-ton carrier which was bought from Russia in 2004) andAdarsh INS Bansal | [email protected] (a 40,000-ton | carrier which is currently under- construction). This could give India a larger carrier fleet than Britain. The India-UK Naval deal which is yet to fructify would follow sale of Britain’s Falklands War carrier HMS Hermes to India in 1987, which was later renamed INS Viraat (it was decommissioned in 2017). HMS Queen Elizabeth It is a 65,000-ton British warship. It is largest warships ever built for Royal Navy and is capable of carrying up to 60 aircraft (or up to 40 F-35B fighter). It was named in honour of Queen Elizabeth I. Purple Frog to be crowned Kerala’s state amphibian Purple frog could be soon designated as Kerala’s state amphibian. The proposal for this is being mooted by Kerela’s leading Herpetologists (a specialist in study of reptiles and amphibians). The odd-looking species is endemic to Western Ghats. The title would help in protecting species fragile habitat. About Purple Frog Scientific Name: Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis (N. sahyadrensis). It is also known as Maveli frog or Pignose Frog. Features: Its body appears sturdy and swollen. It is relatively round in shape as compared to other flattened frogs. Compared to other frogs it has a small head and an unusual pointed snout (muzzle). In most cases adults are dark purplish-grey in color. Habitat: For almost its entire life it lives in underground tunnels and comes out to surface for only a single day in a year to breed. Distribution: They were thought to be limited to south of the Palghat Gap (a pass which is located between Nilgiri Hills to north and Anaimalai Hills to south) in Western Ghats, but are now known to be quite widely distributed in Western Ghats. As per Herpetologists purple frog should rightly be called ‘living fossil’ as it is believed that they have co-existed with dinosaurs almost 70 million years ago. IUCN Red List: Their conservation status is endangered as per International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). For the first time Grizzled Giant Squirrel Nests sighted near Gingee For the first time more than 300 nests of Grizzled Giant Squirrel were sighted by researchers at Pakkamalai Reserve Forests near Gingee (in Eastern Ghats) in Tamil Nadu. About Grizzled Giant Squirrel It is a large tree squirrel in genus Ratufa (Scientific name is ‘Ratufa macroura’). Features: It is an agile climber and is almost entirely an arboreal, very rarely coming to ground to escape from predators. It is smallest of all the giant squirrels found in Indian subcontinent, Distribution: In India it is found in patches of riparian forest along Kaveri River and in hill forests of

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 southern states-Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala. It is also found in Sri Lanka It is generally known to nest in foothills of Western Ghats ranging from Chinnar Wildlife sanctuary in Kerala to Anamalai Tiger Reserve and Palani hills in Tamil Nadu and in couple of areas in Eastern Ghats. In 1988, The Grizzled Squirrel Wildlife Sanctuary located in Tamil Nadu was established to protect vulnerable grizzled giant squirrel. Conservation status: It is threatened by habitat loss, poaching and is also in high demand in pet trade. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List: Near Threatened Listed under Schedule II of CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). Listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act (WPA),1972. Serotonin may help treat Neurological decline Researchers at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai found new function for stress buster Serotonin. The serotonin may help treat neurological diseases. The results of this study were published in journal named ‘Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences’ (PNAS). About Serotonin Its chemical name is 5-hydroxytryptamineAdarsh Bansal | (5-HT)[email protected] It is a monoamine| neurotransmitter which means, it is a chemical that signals between neurons. It is a chemical in brain that makes us calm therefore, an increase in 5-HT may enhance individuals capacity to respond to stress. Functions: At level of an organism, serotonin is known to be helpful in coping with stress. But, underlying mechanism of its neuro-protective role was unknown. Significance of recent discovery:It shows that serotonin is involved in generation of new mitochondria (powerhouse of the cell) in neurons, increased cellular respiration and fuel (ATP) in cell. Applications: So far, Serotonin’s newly identified function was only studied in mice and rats. If found to be true in humans, it may have important medical implications like serotonin signalling could be used to prevent mitochondrial abnormalities and neuronal loss. At present, neuronal loss is a major cause of neurodegenerative diseases such as in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Besides this, abnormal mitochondrial functions are known to cause or contribute to neuronal death. May 8, 2019 ‘Basava Jayanti’ 2019 observed on May 7 Basava Jayanthi was observed on birthday of Basavanna, a Hindu Kannada poet of 12th century. It was traditionally observed by the Lingayats (also called Virashaiva, are devotees of Shiva in southern India). Basava Jayanti 2019 It was celebrated across states like Karnataka (a government holiday), Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh. On occasion of Jayanthi people offers prayers to Lord Basaveshwar temples and Lingayat committees organise various events for celebration. At Kudalasangama, Basava Jayanti is celebrated for six to seven day. It is visited by many followers of Basavanna. In Basavanna temples several cultural and spiritual programs were also held. About Basavanna ( Basava) The 12th-century saint-philosopher rejected ritualistic worship and pre-eminence of Vedas. He is believed to be founding saint of Lingayat section. He is also known as Bhaktibhandari (literally, the treasurer of devotion), or Basaveswara (Lord Basava). He was a great Kannada poet and philosopher. As a social reformer he spread awareness on social issues like gender and social prejudice. He also advocated that irrespective of castes all human beings are equal and all forms of manual labour were

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 equally important. Birth: According to scriptures, Basavanna was born on third day of Vaisakha month of Anandanama (Samvatsara) in year 1134 A.D. His followers believe that with birth of prophet Basavanna, a new era began. People refer to year as ‘Basava Era’ or ‘Basaveshwar Era’. Life: He was born in Karnataka’s Ingaleshwar, Bagewadi town (20 km away from Hungund taluk). He grew up in Kudalasangama and married Gangambikel, who was daughter of Bijjala’s (famous Chalukya kings) prime minister. He later became chief minister of Bijjal’s kingdom, and started Anubhava Mantapae. ‘First Parliament Concept of the World’, which later became a commonplace for people of all classes to discuss spiritual topics. Literary Work: includes Vachana Sahitya. This includes various Vachana (meaning ‘that which is said’) like Kala-jnana-vachana (future forecast), Ghatachakra-vachana, Mantra-gopya, Shat-sthala- vachana (6 stages of salvation) and Raja-yoga-vachana. He is also known for introducing Ishtalinga (a necklace with a pendant that contains a small Shiva Linga). NOTE: On 14 November 2015, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, inaugurated statue of Basavanna along

bank of river Thames at Lambeth in London,Adarsh UK. Bansal Moreover,| [email protected] Basavanna | is first Kannadiga in whose honour a commemorative coin has been minted in recognition of his social reforms. BRO Celebrates 59th Raising Day on May 7 The Border Roads Organisation (BRO) was formed on on 7 May 1960, with primary goal of securing India’s borders and developing infrastructure in remote areas of India’s north and north eastern states. On 7 May 2019 BRO celebrated its 59th Raising Day (foundation day). About BRO It is a leading road construction agency under Ministry of Defence. Its primary role is to provide road connectivity in India’s border areas. It also creates up-grades and maintains infrastructure along borders to meet India’s overall tactical and strategic goals. Apart from road construction it also executes maintenance works along Northern and Western frontiers mainly to meet strategic requirements of Indian Army. It is responsible for over 53,000 Km roads. Its work involves Formation Cutting, Surfacing, Bridge construction and Resurfacing. It contributes towards India’s strategic objectives in neighbouring regions by constructing roads in friendly foreign nations like Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Disaster management: It has played important role in reconstruction work after tsunami in Tamil Nadu in 2004, Kashmir earthquake in 2005, Ladakh flash floods in 2010 etc. Recent Developments To meet challenges of enhancing overall strategic connectivity along borders BRO has begun organizational re-structuring and simplified procedures with adequate delegation of financial powers to executives. To enhance its capabilities it is now executing works in combination of departmental, contractual and EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) mode. India re-elected as an Observer to Arctic Council At 11th Arctic Council ministerial meeting held at Rovaniemi in Finland, India was re-elected as an observer to intergovernmental forum Arctic Council. India promised its commitment towards contributing more to Arctic Council. About 11th Arctic Council Major issues discussed at the Council meeting: With growing tensions worldwide, how to deal with global warming and jurisdiction of Arctic’s wealth of minerals. Concerns over renewed climate policies of US President Donald Trump. China’s (an observing nation in Arctic Council) “Polar Silk Road” plan (as melting ice has opened up new northern shipping routes), which it outlined in 2018.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Russia’s Northern Fleet modernization and reopened Cold War military bases. About Arctic Council It was established in 1996 by Ottawa Declaration. Headquarter: Tromso, in Norway. Members (8): Russia, Sweden, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Denmark (representing Greenland and Faroe Islands), Canada and United States. Iceland currently holds council’s rotating chair. Representation: by Indigenous groups and council also has 13 observer states (are non-Arctic countries invited to council meetings but have no voting rights). Function: It is a high level intergovernmental forum which addresses issues faced by Arctic states, its indigenous people and its other inhabitants. It seeks to promote coordination, cooperation and interaction among them on common issues but mainly on environmental protection and sustainable development in Arctic. India and Arctic Region Indian researchers have been studying whether there is a co-relation between Indian monsoon and the Arctic region. National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, an Indian institute under Ministry of Earth Sciences, has set up research station, ‘Himadri’Adarsh, in BansalSvalbard | [email protected] (Norway). | It studies and works on mass balance of glaciers, effect of climate warming on marine system, clouds formation and precipitation, and also effect on biodiversity. Indian student Trio won 2nd prize in Microsoft’s Imagine Cup World Championship The ‘Team Caeli’ from India comprising of three Indian students namely Bharat Sundal, Aakash Bhadana and Vasu Kaushik emerged as First Runner-up (second position) in Microsoft’s Imagine Cup World Championship final held in Seattle, US. The trio won for developing“Caeli”, which is world’s first smart automated anti-pollution and drug delivery mask. About Caeli It is precisely designed for asthmatic and chronic respiratory patients. Features: It is a sleek, portable, easy to fit/carry inside pocket nebulizer and customized mask. Its drug doses can be scheduled through app. In case of breathing difficulties, app allows user to switch on intelligent mode which provides instant relief drugs. App also monitors real-time air quality and helps people to choose least polluted travel route. For this innovation team has earlier won first position in Asia Regional Final contest held in Sydney in February 2019. About Microsoft’s Imagine Cup World Championship It is held every year to celebrate top student teams that bring and compete with their biggest, boldest ideas to life. To competing on a global stage for World Champion title, each participant team has to create an original technology project from scratch to finish while. Winner for 2019 was Team EasyGlucose from United States won. They won for their Deep Learning non-invasive blood glucose level monitor. Two Indians honoured by UN for their sacrifice About 115 peacekeepers from 43 different nations, who sacrificed their lives in line of duty were paid tribute by UN Secretary General, Antonio Guterres along with other top UN officials and Peacekeeping personnel. Among those honoured by global organisation were two Indians named Jitender Kumar and Shikha Garg. They lost their lives in paece keeping services between January 2018 and March 2019. Jitender Kumar: was an Indian police officer deployed to UN Organisation Stabilisation Mission in Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO). Shikha Garg: was a consultant with UN Development Programme UNDP( ), attached with India’s Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change. She was killed in Ethiopian Airlines (ET 302)

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 plane crash. 103 out of 1155 peacekeepers were African peacekeepers. At tribute ceremony their names were read out loud and it was attended by diplomats and family members of those who have fallen. 40% of Amphibian Species threatened: IPBES Report According to a study, called Global Assessment about 40% of amphibian species and more than a third (33%) of all marine mammals are threatened. The report released by Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) was compiled by 145 expert authors from 50 countries and supported by 130 countries (including the U.S., China and Russia). It contained a petition of estimates made after three-year review of about 15,000 scientific papers. Key Highlights of Report Up to one million of estimated eight million plant, insect and animal species on earth is at risk of extinction, with many within decades. Up to 40% of amphibian species and more than a third (33%) of all marine mammals are threatened. Cause: According to report species face risk because of relentless pursuit of economic growth, twinned with impact of climate change. Industrial farming and fishing are other major drivers of threat. It also shows deep impact of rise of globalised industrial society on earth over past half century (50 years). This loss is directAdarsh resultBansal | [email protected] of human | activity and constitutes a direct threat to human well-being through-out the world. Recommendations: Only a wide-ranging transformation of economic and financial system globally could pull our ecosystems back from brink of collapse. It reiterates message by United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report, which stressed that profound economic and social changes would be needed to curb greenhouse gases (GHGs) quickly enough to avert most devastating consequences of warming in world. It suggests that world may need to embrace a new “post-growth” form of economics if it is to avert existential risks posed by the mutually-reinforcing Way Forward: The findings of Global Assessment will add pressure on countries to come out with a bold action plan to protect wildlife at 15th session of Conference of the Parties to the Conference on Biodiversity (CBD), taking place in China in October 2020. About IPBES It was founded by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) on 21 April 2012. It is headquartered in Bonn, Germany. It is a global scientific body similar in composition and functioning of IPCC. Function: It is an intergovernmental body established by UN to assess state of planet’s biodiversity and of ecosystem services it provides to society, in response to requests from decision makers. Members: At present over 130 governments are its member States. India is its founding member.

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World ThalassemiaAdarsh Bansal Day | [email protected] 2019 observed | on 8 May Every year 8 May is observed as ‘World Thalassaemia Day’ globally. The theme for 2019 was “Universal access to quality thalassaemia healthcare services: Building bridges with and for patient”. About World Thalassaemia Day Objective: to raise awareness about thalassaemia (a genetic disease), its prevention and measures to avoid its transmission among people throughout the world. It is observed in honour of all patients suffering and fighting from thalassaemia and also all scientists working hard to provide improved quality of life to people suffering with it. About Thalassemia It is an inherited blood disorder characterised by less haemoglobin (Hb) and lesser than normal blood cells. A person suffering from thalassemia has at least one of the parents as disease carrier. Reason: Genetic mutation and deletion of some key gene fragments leads to thalassemia. Less haemoglobin in patient’s body results in improper oxygen transport and destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) and leads to anemia. This further leads to iron overload, bone deformities especially in face and in severe cases can cause heart diseases. Apart from bone deformities a person with thalassemia can also have yellow or pale skin, dark coloured urine, delayed growth and excessive tiredness Being a genetic disease its prevention is difficult but can be diagnosed by blood tests. At Risk: People who have a case of thalassemia in family history are at high risk of disorder. It is more common among people of Mediterranean (like Italian, Greek, Middle Eastern) and Southeast Asian ancestry, and in African-Americans. Treatment: It can be treated by blood transfusions and chelation therapy. In children it can be cured by bone marrow transplant. But, some signs and symptoms only develop during later childhood or adolescence. Scientists carry out first ever Genetic Study on Lakshadweep Island’s Natives For the very first time scientists carried out genetic study on people of Lakshadweep Islands. It was conducted by a team of researchers at CSIR’s (Council of Scientific & Industrial Research) Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB). The authors studied major islands of Kadmat, Andorth, Chetlat, Agatti, Kalpeni, Bitra, Kiltan and Minicoy of Lakshadweep. Key Findings of Study They studied major islands of Kadmat, Andorth, Chetlat, Agatti, Kalpeni, Bitra, Kiltan and Minicoy of Lakshadweep. They analyzed DNA samples of 557 individuals from eight major islands for mitochondrial DNA and 166 individuals for Y chromosome markers.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Unlike earlier when it was presumed that people of Lakshadweep Islands might have presence of genetic signatures of ancient people, like Andamanese and Australian aboriginals. It shows that majority of human ancestry in Island of Lakshadweep is largely derived from South Asia with minor influences from East and West Eurasia. It found close genetic link of Lakshadweep islanders with people from Maldives, Sri Lanka and India. However, it did not found any evidence of early human migration through Lakshadweep islands. Although, genetic composition of first human settlement of Lakshadweep archipelago is still not clear. But it found that there is a strong founder effect for both paternal and maternal lineages which signals that island’s population had limited genetic mixing. Geographical Facts: Lakshadweep It was formerly (1956–73) called Laccadive, Minicoy, and Amindivi Islands. It is India’s union territory. It is an archipelago (extensive group of islands) of 36 islands in Laccadive Sea, scattered over 30,000 square miles of Arabian Sea. Its administrative centre (capital) is Kavaratti. ‘Lakshadweep’ in Malayalam language and in Sanskrit means “Hundred Thousand Islands”. Nine Degree Channel: separates Minicoy Island from rest of Lakshadweep. Eight Degree Channel: Separates entireAdarsh group Bansal | [email protected] of Lakshadweep | islands from Maldives. India and Bangladesh to co-produce movie on Sheikh Mujibur Rahman India and Bangladesh will jointly produce a feature movie on life and works of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman (founding father of People’s Republic of Bangladesh) and also a documentary on Bangladesh Liberation War (1971). India’s state broadcaster Prasar Bharati will co-produce the film. Bilateral Meet The decision was taken after Bangladeshi delegation led by Dr. Gowher Rizvi (adviser to Prime Minister of Bangladesh) recently met secretary and other officials of Information & Broadcasting Ministry and focussed on various aspects of making of feature film. The announcement is a culmination of three-year dialogue between India and Bangladesh on the issue. Earlier, decision of co-production was announced by Prime Ministers of India Narendra Modi and of Bangladesh Prime Ministers Sheikh Hasina. The movie announcement comes in backdrop of raging debate on National Register of Citizens (NRC) in northeast which seeks to disenfranchise Bangladeshi migrants. Key Agreement Movie on Sheikh Mujibur Rahman will be directed by renowned filmmaker Shyam Benegal and script will be written by Atul Tiwari. Bangladeshi Delegation assured full cooperation in ensuring smooth logistics for shooting movie in Bangladesh. For documentary on Bangladesh Liberation War (1971) it was mutually agreed that director would be from Bangladesh and he will be assisted by a co-director from India. Other decisions: Prasar Bharati agreed to carry Bangladesh TV on DD Free Dish platform without charging carriage fees (i.e. free of cost.). In a reciprocal gesture, delegation from Bangladesh announced that a Doordarshan channel will be adopted on the about to launched DTH platform of Bangladesh. A working agreement on cooperation betweenAll India Radio (India’s national public radio broadcaster) andBangladesh Betar (state-owned radio broadcasting organisation of Bangladesh) was also agreed upon between the two countries starting from next month. Golfer Tiger Woods awarded US’s Presidential Medal of Freedom The United States President Donald Trump awarded Presidential Medal of Freedom, country’s highest civilian honour to golfer Tiger Woods. The 43-year-old Tiger Woods became fourth and youngest, professional golfer to receive prestigious highest civilian honor (after other golfers Arnold Palmer (74 years), Jack Nicklaus (65years) and Charlie Sifford(92 years)). About The Presidential Medal of Freedom It was first established by President Truman to honour extraordinary civilian accomplishments

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 related to World War II. Later, in 1963 the medal was re-established by President Kennedy by an executive order. It is awarded by U.S. President to any person, living or dead (i.e. posthumously). It is awarded every year to people who have made “especially meritorious contribution” (outstanding) contributions to security or national interests of U.S., and to world peace, or other significant cultural or public or private endeavours. President usually awards the medal of freedom in groups during public ceremonies. Once given it cannot be revoked. 2018 Recipients: Roger Staubach, Miriam Adelson, Babe Ruth, and Elvis Presley, among others. About Tiger Woods Eldrick Tont Woods is an USA’s professional golf player. His nickname is “Tiger”. He ranks second in both major championships and PGA (Professional Golfers’ Association of America) Tour wins. He holds numerous records in golf and is considered one of the greatest golfers of all time. May 9, 2019 World renowned Chardham Yatra begins in Uttarakhand The world renowned and much awaited chardham yatra began in Uttrakhand. The Gangotri and Yamunotri dhams were opened for pilgrimsAdarsh on Bansal auspicious | [email protected] occasion | of Akshay Tritya (also called ‘Teej’, is an annual spring time festival of Jains and Hindus). About Chardham It literally means four sacred pilgrimage centres. The four pilgrim-destinations are Yamunotri, Gangotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath which are collectively called Chardham. It is located in the great Himalayas in Uttarakhand. Route Followed: As per traditions, this pilgrimage tour should begin from West and end in East. Therefore, Char Dham Yatra starts from Yamunotri, then proceeds to Gangotri and finally end towards Kedarnath and Badrinath. Religious Deities: Each sites is devoted to a specific deity. Yamunotri– dedicated to Goddess ‘Yamuna’. It stands high up in deep left on western face of Bandarpunch Peak. Gangotri– dedicated to Goddess ‘Ganga’. The shrine overlooks River Bhagirathi. Kedarnath– dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is also a part of Panch Kedar. It is northern-most Jyotirlinga and is close to source of holy River Mandakini. Badrinath– dedicated to Lord Vishnu. It is situated on the bank of River Alaknanda (it is one of the two headstreams of Ganges other is Bhagirathi). Importance: In accordance with Hindu conventions, devotees take up this pious tour of Char Dham yatra in hope to experience bliss (heaven) and successfully remove their souls of all worldly demons. 5th United Nations Global Road Safety Week The Fifth United Nations (UN) Global Road Safety Week is being held from 6 May to 12 May 2019. The theme for weekly event in 2019 is “Leadership for road safety”. About 5th UN Global Road Safety Week 2019 The UN Global Road Safety Weeks and its’ campaigns are coordinated by United Nations Road Safety Collaboration, chaired by World Health Organization (WHO). During the on-going global road safety week WHO released “Global Status Report on Road Safety”. As it is acknowledged that with a stronger leadership for road safety Global Goals could be achieved, so it launched action through ongoing campaign “Save Lives – #SpeakUp”. About “Save Lives – #SpeakUp” campaign It operates on principles of ‘Decade of Action for Road Safety 2011-2020’. The Decade of Action seeks to prevent road traffic injuries and deaths which are projected to take lives of about 1.9 million people annually by 2020.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 It provides an opportunity for civil society to demand a strong leadership for road safety, particularly around evidence-based interventions that will save lives. It also inspires leaders to take action by displaying strong leadership for road safety within governments, private companies, NGOs, international agencies, schools and universities. Key Findings of Global Status Report on Road Safety: WHO All over the world Road accidents are leading cause of death among people in between 5years- 29years of age. Every year more than 1.35 million lives are lost and 50 million gets injured in road accidents. India’s Performance: Since 2008, India has maintained questionable distinction of being world number one in road crash deaths. In 2015, India became a signatory to Brasilia Declaration on Road Safety, where it committed to reduce 50% of its road crash deaths by 2020. But even after 2015, full scale of problem in India is still unacknowledged. As per Indian government data on road accidents, road crashes kill about 1,50,000 people each year. Although WHO report argues that numbers are understated and that India might be losing more than 2,99,000 people each year. Home Ministry discontinues ‘Black Lists’ of Indian-Origin People The Ministry of Home Affairs announced that it has put an end to the local adverse lists commonly known as ‘Black Lists’ of Indian-origin people. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | About Black List It is maintained by Indian missions (Indian Embassies in different countries) and posts abroad. It contains list of Indian-origin people who have taken asylum (i.e. right to international protection in this other country) abroad under plea of alleged persecution in India. These asylum seekers in list are predominantly Sikhs. Those who are in list are denied visa services by Indian missions and posts in respective country. Recent Developments: Such Indian-origin asylees (person who is seeking or granted political asylum) and their family members who are now not in adverse list, will be granted visa and consular services at par with foreigners of country in which they are living. They can also get Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI) cards if they have held normal Indian visas for at least two years. Note: An OCI card holder is an immigration status which permits a foreign citizen of Indian origin to live and work in India indefinitely. World Red Cross Day observed on May 8 The World Red Cross Day, also known as World Red Cross or Red Crescent Day, is annually observed on May 8. It is celebrated to commemorate birth anniversary of Henri Dunant (born on 8 May 1828), the founder of Red Cross and International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). World Red Cross Day After second world-war proposal of an annual International Red Cross Day was adopted on May 08, 1948 and it was officially declared as World Red Cross (or Red Crescent Day). Therefore, first Red Cross Day was celebrated in 1948. It is celebrated annually to reduce suffering of people and enabling them to lead a dignified life. It is celebrated by Red Cross Organisation’s present all over world by helping people with independence, humanity, impartiality, universality, unity and neutrality (these are also fundamental principles of organization). World Red Cross Day, 2019 Theme for 2019 was “#Love”. Through the theme Red Cross celebrated strength and reach of its global network, and contribution of its staff and 11.7 million active volunteers. It aims to broaden public’s understanding of society by highlighting universality and diversity of its work and approach. It is a gentle gesture to all its volunteers who have made unparalleled contribution to people in distress or need. About The Red Cross It is one of world’s largest humanitarian organization.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 At present there are 189 National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies globally. It has more than 97 million staff and volunteers. It is an active participant in various programs and services, including emergency response, community-based health and care, disaster preparedness, first aid training, restoring family contact for disaster victims, and youth and volunteer activities. So far, it has won three Nobel Peace Prize in year 1917, 1944, and 1963. Jean Henri Dunant He was a Swiss businessman whose efforts led to creation of International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), adoption of Geneva conventions and creation of iconic Red Cross symbol. He is first recipient of Nobel Peace Prize. History of Red Cross symbol Henri Dunant witnessed suffering of wounded soldiers abandoned on battlefield of Solferino (in northern Italy) in 1859. On returning to Geneva, he wrote‘A Memory of Solferino’. It was about horrors of war he witnessed and also proposed an organization dedicated to help war wounded. In February 1863, a five-member committee met to study various Dunant’s proposals which included having a ‘single distinctive symbol backed by law to indicate respect for army medical services, volunteers with first aid societies and victims of armed conflicts’. In October 1863, an International ConferenceAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] convened adopted | ten resolutions for establishment of relief societies for wounded soldiers and ‘red cross’ as uniform distinctive emblem. Later, in August 1864, a Diplomatic Conference was convened which transformed resolutions adopted in 1863 into treaty rules. It adopted First Geneva Convention which recognized red-cross on a white background as single distinctive emblem. The Red Cross symbol on a white background is actually an inversion of Swiss flag (with white cross on a red background). Iran announces Partial Withdrawal from JCPOA Iran announced it will pull out of some commitments under 2015 international nuclear agreement signed with world powers, called Joint Comprehensive Plan Of Action (JCPOA). About Iran’s Partial Withdrawal In a move of partial withdrawal from JCPOA Iran will pull out of some commitments such as: It will stop suppressing its stocks of enriched uranium and heavy water, as these are needed by certain types of reactor for nuclear fission to take place. Reason: As per Iran, such action is required as European Union (EU) and other countries did not have power to resist US pressure. Also, such measures are necessary to secure Iran’s rights and bring back balance after United States exited from agreement in 2018. Iran’s Supreme National Security Council gave 60 days to remaining countries of deal, to implement their commitments, mainly in fields of banking and oil. It referred to commitments made by Russia, China, France, Germany and Britain, to lift sanctions on Iran in return if it curbs its nuclear activities. The decision comes after US dispatched an aircraft carrier strike group to Middle East. As per Iran this path is not that of war, but is of diplomacy with a new language and a new logic. Recent Developments China resolutely opposes unilateral US sanctions against Iran and called on all parties to uphold Iranian nuclear pact. Russia has also denounced US pressure and stands by Iran nuclear deal. Britain in contradiction has not welcomed Iran’s decision, as it could lead to new Western sanctions. US Stand on Issue In May 2018, US President Donald Trump announced that US will unilaterally pull out of from JCPOA, re-imposing US sanctions on Iran. His administration found the deal to be “defective to the core”. US also announced to cancel waivers to countries (including India) who continue to purchase oil from Iran.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Reasons given for Withdrawal: JCPOA does not have binding restrictions on Iran’s ballistic missile programme and it does nothing to prevent Iran from sponsoring terrorism in its region. Most restrictions have a sunset-clause, which means that over the years JCPOA’s provisions will become less strict and this will enable Iran to move towards nuclear-weapon capability. About JCPOA It is an international nuclear agreement signed in 2015, between Iran and the P5+1. The P5+1 includes five permanent UNSC’s members (P5): China, Russia, France, United Kingdom (UK), and United States; and (+1) Germany. Under it, Iran agreed to make certain changes to its nuclear programme which included stopping export of enriched uranium stock, in return for United Nations (UN), European Union (EU) and the US revoking their sanctions against it. These Nuclear related sanctions on Iran were lifted by US from 1 January 2016. India’s Jagjit Pavadia re-elected International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) India’s Jagjit Pavadia was re-elected to International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) for another five-year term beginning 2nd March, 2020. This victory has added to India’s successful record of winning crucial elections at United Nation (UN) and to UN’s subsidiary bodies. About Jagjit Pavadia Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | She has been member of INCB since 2015 and her current term will expire in 2020. She has held many senior positions in Indian Revenue Service (IRS) for 35 years in Government of India (GoI), which includes Narcotics Commissioner of India, Central Bureau of Narcotics (regulated by India’s Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs, Ministry of Finance). About INCB It is an independent and quasi-judicial monitoring body. Function: It implements UN’s international drug control conventions. It was established in 1968 in accordance with Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 by merging ‘Permanent Central Narcotics Board’ (created in 1925 by International Opium Convention) and ‘Drug Supervisory Body’ (created in 1931 by Convention for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating Distribution of Narcotic Drugs). Members: It has 13 members (they may be re-elected). Each member is elected byEconomic and Social Council (ECOSOC) for a period of five years. The 10 members out of 13 are elected from list of persons nominated by Governments and remaining 3 are elected from persons nominated by World Health Organization (WHO) for their medical, pharmacological or pharmaceutical experience. Secretariat: is located at Vienna, Austria. It is an administrative entity of UN Office on Drugs and Crime. It assists INCB in exercise of its treaty-related functions but reports only to Board on matters of substance. Pioneer Indian Lawyer Dr N. R. Madhava Menon passes away Dr.NR Madhava Menon an educationist, scholar and pioneer of Indian legal education, dies in Thiruvananthapuram at 84 years of age. About NR Madhava Menon He is considered as ‘Father of Modern Legal Education’, for changing the face of Indian legal education. Contributions: He is pioneer in establishment of National Law Schools in India. He also conceptualized of five year integrated LLB (or Bachelor of Legislative Law) course, in place of earlier 3-year course. He was founder director of National Law School of India University (NLSIU), founded in 1987 in Bangalore. He also headed it for 12 years. In 1998 he established West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences (NUJS). Later, he presided as founder director of National Judicial Academy (NJA), Bhopal, till his retirement in 2006.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Achievements In 1994, he was conferred ‘Living Legend of Law Award’ by International Bar Association. He was honoured by Padma Shri (India’s fourth highest civilian award), in 2003 for his outstanding contribution to public services. He also received ‘Rotary Club Award’ for Vocational Excellence and the Plaque of Honour from Bar Council of India. Besides publishing several articles and monographs on a variety of legal subjects, he has also authored many books on Indian legal education, legal profession and judicial training. The journey of his life is published in autobiographical narrative ‘The Story of a Law Teacher: Turning Point’, besides publishing several books, articles and monographs on a variety of legal subjects. CBIC organises meeting of WCO’s Asia Pacific Region Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC), under Ministry of Finance is organising a meeting of Regional Heads of Customs Administration of Asia Pacific Region of World Customs Organisation (WCO) in Kochi (in Kerela) from 8th to 10th May, 2019. As India currently holds seat of Vice Chairperson of Asia Pacific region (assumed on 1 July 2018) for a two- year period, it is hosting this meeting in this capacity. Key Highlights of Meeting It will discuss about progress being madeAdarsh Bansal in | [email protected] carrying forward | various initiatives and programmes of WCO, in promoting, securing and facilitating cross-border trade in Asia Pacific region. It will also look into capacity building and technical assistance required to achieve this goal. Pranab Kumar Das, Chairman of CBIC will chair the meeting. Participants: includes customs delegations from over 20 countries of Asia Pacific region and senior officials of WCO and its regional bodies namey Regional Intelligence Liaoning Office (RILO) and Regional Office for Capacity Building (ROCB). Key Focus Areas: of meeting includes, implementation of trade facilitation measures, building capacity of small island economies (in Asia pacific region), cross-border e-commerce transactions, performance measurement, trusted trader programmes, and on-going review of Revised Kyoto Convention (RKC). About WCO It was established in 1952 as Customs Co-operation Council (CCC) and in 1994 it adopted its current name World Customs Organisation (WCO). It is headquartered in Brussels (in Belgium). It is an independent intergovernmental body, which seeks to enhance effectiveness and efficiency of Customs administrations. It is only intergovernmental organisation which exclusively focuses on Customs matters. One of its crucial role is to streamline cross border procedures and enhance security of global trade. The governing body of WCO is ‘WCO Council’, which brings together all Members of Organization one time every year. Functions: to maintain international Harmonized System (HS, also known as Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System) of tariff nomenclature, and to administer technical aspects of World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreements on Customs Valuation and Rules of Origin. Members: It represents 182 Customs administrations globally (which collectively undergoes about 98% of world trade). Its membership is divided into 6 regions. Each of these six Regions is represented by regionally elected Vice-Chairperson to WCO’s Council. India holds Vice Chair of Asia Pacific region of WCO for a two-year period. Vice President undertakes four-day visit to Vietnam Vice President of India M. Venkaiah Naidu commenced his four-day official visit to Vietnam on 9 May 2019. His visit comes after a series of high-level exchanges between India-Vietnam in 2018 which include visit of Vietnamese Prime Minister in January and President in March to India. Key Highlights of Visit

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 The Vice President will participate in 16th United Nations Day of Vesak (UNDV) at Tam Chuc pagoda in northern Ha Nam province of Vietnam. He will also deliver keynote address at inaugural session of event, themed for which is “Buddhist Approach to Global Leadership and Shared Responsibilities for Sustainable Societies”. This visit is expected to enhance India’s Comprehensive Strategic Partnership with Southeast Asian nation, Vietnam. He will visit Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum, to pay homage to Former Prime Minister (and also President) of Vietnam. He will meet Indian community and Vietnamese beneficiaries of ‘Jaipur Foot Artificial Limb Fitment Camp’ organized in 2018 by India under ‘India for Humanity’ initiative. It was launched to commemorate 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. He will pay tributes to martyrs atNational Monument of Heroes and Martyrs (Vietnam’s War Memorial). He will also meet Nguyen Kim Thi Ngan, Chairperson of National Assembly of Vietnam (Vietnam’s Legislative Assembly). He will interact with Dang Thi Ngoc Thinh, Vice President of Vietnam and hold delegation level

talks. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | High level talks will discuss issues including: trade and investment relations between two nation, exploring opportunities in oil and gas sectors, giving better market access to India’s exports, mutual cooperation in defence and space technologies, training and capacity building of Vietnamese defence forces, seeking support for Indian Pharmaceutical facilities in Vietnam and strengthening of cultural bonds between two nations. About 16th United Nations Day of Vesak Vesak (also known as Buddha Jayanti or Buddha Purnima) is celebrated to commemorate birth of Lord Buddha, his attainment of enlightenment (nirvana) and his passing away. It’s date changes every year based on lunar calendar. It is considered sacred to Buddhists. Indian Vice President’s participation at event is expected to strengthen ties between India and Buddhist communities worldwide. It is expected to be attended by more than 10,000 Buddhist followers, 1,500 religious dignitaries, scientists and researchers from all over the world. May 10, 2019 Royal Bengal Tigers may not survive Climate Change: UN Report According to a recent UN report, Climate change and rising sea levels may eventually wipe out ‘The Sundarbans’, which is one of world’s last and largest tiger strongholds. The studies of report rely on climate change scenarios developed by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for its simulation models. Key Findings of Report As per UN findings if greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions continued at current rate, the atmosphere would warm as much as 1.5C (above preindustrial levels) by 2040. This climate change would lead to rising sea level and existential threat to the Sundarbans. In 2010, World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF, a Non-governmental organization) estimated that sea level rise of 11 inches could reduce number of tigers in Sundarbans by 96% within a few decades. By 2070, there will be not be any suitable habitats of tiger remaining in Bangladesh Sundarbans. 70% of Sundarbans is just a few feet above sea level, thus faces grave threat due to climate changes. It is one of the prime habitats of Bengal tigers, who are among 500,000 land species whose survival is in question because of threats to their natural habitats due to climate change. Once the Sundarbans are flooded it may lead to increased confrontations (conflict) between humans and tigers, as the latter would stray outside their habitat in search of new land. Conservation efforts and fight against habitat loss in Sunderbans needs to begin immediately, as it

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 could take about 20 years for these efforts to even start showing any results, but if action isn’t taken soon there won’t be any forest or tigers to save in 50 years. About Sundarbans They are 10,000 square kilometres of marshy mangroves ecosystem shared between Bangladesh and India. They hosts world’s largest mangrove forest and a rich ecosystem that supports hundreds of animal species, including Bengal tiger. They are only mangrove forests in world where Bengal tigers are found. About Bengal tiger (Panthera Tigris Tigris) It is national animal of India and Bangladesh. It found predominantly in India with some populations in Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China and Myanmar. Initiatives by India: As Bengal tiger species is the most numerous of all tiger subspecies (about 2,500 left in wild) Indian government undertakes various initiave to in a bid to conserve species. The Project Tiger launched in 1973 was India’s first-ever tiger conservation programme. IUCN Red List Status is endangered. Since early 1900s, hunting, poaching, habitat loss, and illegal trade of animal parts (to meet growing demand in Asia) have decreased globalAdarsh population Bansal | [email protected] of tigers | from around 100,000 to fewer than 4,000 and puy the species at risk. Indian Navy joins Exercise in South China Sea Two Indian Navy ships INS Kolkata and INS Shakti carried out a six day long ‘Group Sail’ (starting from 3 May and ending on 9 May) with naval ships of USA, Japan and Philippines in South China Sea (SCS). About ‘Group Sail’ Objective: It was aimed at deepening existing partnership and fostering mutual understanding among participating country’s navies. Participants: four countries namely, US, India, Japan and Philippines. Naval Ships: six combatants from participating countries included India’sINS Kolkata (Guided Missile Destroyer) and INS Shakti (Fleet Support Ship), Japna’s JMSDF Izumo (Helicopter Carrier) and JMSDF Murasame (Guided Missile Destroyer), Philippines’s BRP Andres Bonifacio (Frigate and offshore patrol vessel) and USA’ USS Williams P. Lawrence (Arleigh Burke Class guided Destroyer). Exercise Included: formation exercises, communication drills, passenger transfers, cross-deck flying, replenishment runs, and exchange of Sea Riders. Importance: It showcased India’s commitment to enhance interoperability with like-minded countries for ensuring safe maritime environment. NOTE: Indian Navy ships (INS Kolkata and INS Shakti) were on return passage from their deployment to South and the East China Seas as part of annual Eastern Fleet Overseas Deployment (in pursuance of India’s Act East policy) during which they visited Vietnam, China and South Korea. In China, ships took part in International Fleet Review (IFR) as part of 70th anniversary celebrations of China’s People’s Liberation Army, PLA (Navy). Later on departing from South Korea, ships participated in Opening Ceremony (Phase I) of Maritime Security (MS) Field Training Exercise (FTX) under aegis ofASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting Plus (ADMM-PLUS). Singapore Criminalises Publication of Fake News Singapore has passed a law (The Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Bill) which criminalises publication of fake news in country and allows government to block and order removal of such content. Key Features of Law It bans falsehoods (fake news) that are detrimental to Singapore or may likely influence elections. Mandate: It requires service providers to immediately remove such content and allows government to block it.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Penalty: Offenders could face a jail term of up to 10 years and heavy fines. Criticism: It gives government too much power to determine what could be false and broadly defined public interest. The order to remove or correct fake news is mostly directed at technology companies rather than on individuals who break a law without intent. As per many Human Rights Watch it is a “disaster for online expression by ordinary Singaporeans” and a powerful step against independence of online news portals. Samsung Introduces World’s Highest-Resolution Image Sensor The South Korean Tech Giant, Samsung Electronics Co unveiled world’s highest-resolution image sensor, with 64 megapixels for smartphones. This is a step to meet increasing demand for mobile devices with better image quality. About Image Sensor Samsung expanded its 0.8-micrometer pixel image sensor (smallest pixel size currently available in global market) lineup by introducing two new 0.8-micrometer pixel image sensors: 1. 64-megapixel ISOCELL Bright GW1 (for advanced handsets) 2. 48-megapixel ISOCELL Bright GM2 (for flagship phones) The two image sensors are currentlyAdarsh Bansalbeing | [email protected] sampled and | its mass production will soon start in second half of 2019. The image sensor market is expected to grow exponentially by 2030 in line with advancements in about to be introduced 5G technologies and artificial intelligence (AI). Applications: Apart from Smart Phones, Vehicle components are next market for image sensors, ranging from parking assistant system to autonomous driving (self-driving cars). Note: In Global market share of Image Sensor shipments, Japan’s Sony comapany accounted for 26.1% of global market in 2018, followed by Samsung’s 23.2%. Igor Stimac appointed Indian men’s football team coach Former Croatia international Igor Stimac appointed Indian men’s football team coach. His name was recommended by All India Football Federation’s (AIFF, is governing body of association football in India) technical committee, headed by Shyam Thapa. His first assignment as Indian men’s football team coach will be upcoming ‘King’s Cup’ 2019 in Thailand, where India in its first match will face Curacao, a Caribbean nation. About Igor Stimac Now 51 years old Stimac, was was an integral part of “golden generation” of Croatia that finished third at the 1998 FIFA World Cup. In his 14-year managerial career, he coached Croatian national team between 2012 and 2013. During his tenure Croatia shot up to fourth spot on world rankings, (its best ranking in over 15 years). He has worked with Croatian clubs like Cibalia Vinkovci, Hajduk Split, FC Zagreb and Zadar, Qatari club Al-Shahania and Iranian club Sepahan. He led his native club of Hajduk Split to Championship title in 2004-2005, this was his first and only taste of silverware. WHO partners with IFBA to eliminate Trans Fat The World Health Organization (WHO) has partnered with International Food and Beverage Alliance (IFBA) to achieve its target under ‘REPLACE Strategy’ of eliminating Trans-fat from industrially produced global food supply by 2023. Key Highlights: As per WHO, Trans-fat (worst form of fat in food) is responsible for more than 5,00,000 deaths each year from coronary heart disease globally. Therefore, eliminating Trans Fat from food supply by 2023, is one of the most effective and simplest ways to save lives and simultaneously creating a healthier food supply. IFBA members ensured that they will not exceed trans-fat’s industrial limit of 2 gram per 100 g fat/oil in their products globally by 2023.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 About Trans Fat It is also called trans fatty acids or trans-unsaturated fatty acids, are a type of unsaturated fat. Types: two types of trans-fats found in foods, namely 1. Naturally-occurring: These are produced in gut of some animals. Animal foods (e.g., milk and meat products) may contain small quantities of these fats. 2. Artificial: These are created in industrial process by adding hydrogen to liquid vegetable oils to make them more solid. Food containing Trans-fat include margarine and ghee, snack, baked, fried foods etc. It is widely used in Food Industry as they are easy to use, inexpensive to produce and last a long time. Impact on health: They not only raises bad cholesterol (LDL) levels but also lowers good cholesterol (HDL) levels. Thus increases risk of developing coronary heart disease and stroke. It also make prone to higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Recent Developments In 2003 Denmark became first country to mandate restrictions on industrially-produced trans-fats in food products. It resulted in decline in deaths due to cardiovascular disease more quickly than in comparison to OECD countries. The move was then followed by some high-income countries. In May 2018, WHO released ‘REPLACE’Adarsh Bansalstrategy | [email protected] which provides | six strategic actions to ensure the quick and complete elimination of industrially-produced trans fats from the food supply by 2023. To ensure that benefits are felt equally around the world, action is needed in low and middle-income countries, where controls of use of industrially produced trans-fats are often weaker. About REPLACE It seeks to encourage complete and sustained elimination of industrially produced trans-fats from food supply by 2023. REPLACE is an abbreviation for WHO’s six strategic actions as: Review (dietary sources of industrially-produced trans fats), Promote (replacement of industrially-produced trans fats with healthier fats, Legislate (enact regulatory actions to eliminate industrially-produced trans fats), Assess (trans fats content in the food supply), Create awareness (about negative health impact of trans fats) and Enforce (compliance of policies and regulations). Way Forward for India On a global scale India has high number of coronary heart disease cases therefore it must try to beat this 2023 deadline and must try to achieve goal earlier. India to add 3 Million Tech Jobs by 2023: ISF According to Indian Staffing Federation’s (ISF) Tech Employment Projections, the Indian tech industry will add another three million new jobs in next 5 years. Key Highlights With the addition of 3 million new jobs in next 5 years, the size of country’s tech army will reach seven million by 2023. Job Areas: All these new technical jobs would come up in digital technology areas such as Machine Learning (ML), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Data Science, Internet of things (IOT), Analytics, Big Data, Blockchain and Augmented Reality (AR). These newer technology areas which at presently are relatively unknown, are expected to emerge and evolve in the next few years. Significance: The data shows visible behavioral change happening in global IT and ITes sectors. These employment projections give big relief to millions of software engineering students and young techies, amid talks about jobless growth with automation that may replace humans with robots. Data Collected: Data for projections are gathered from interaction with companies, such as Indian tech firms, global capability centres of hundreds of international firms, MNCs, enterprises like e-

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 com, BFSI, pharma and telecom etc It shows that due to technology innovation activities in India, the new and existing Global In-House Centres (GCCs) have increased hiring. Also, other than 1,300 global in-house centres (earlier called captive units) presently working in India, about 400 new are coming up in 2019. It emphasises that India does not have a job problem rather an employed poverty problem. Suggestions: The only sustainable way to address job problem is by industrialisation, formalisation, urbanisation and financialisation of India’s human capital. About Global In-House Centres (GCCs) GCCs were called Captive Centers in early 1990s. These are offshore centers (business unit) of a company that performs designated functions for large organizations. Although it is an entity on its own but at the same time retains work and close operational tie ups within the parent company. About India Staffing Federation (ISF) It is a global Multinational organization (MNC) based in United States. It is also the apex body for ‘flexi’ working industry. It acts as an organizing union mainly for ethnic Indians in fields of job recruitment, and also performs outsourcing functions for businesses like employment background screening. Indo-China ProtocolAdarsh Bansal for | [email protected] Export Of Indian | Chilli Meal After a meeting held between Commerce Secretary of both India and China, the two countries signed a protocol for exporting of Indian Chilli Meal from India to China. Key Highlights of Meeting The meeting was held between India’s Commerce Secretary Anup Wadhawan and China’s General Administration of Customs of China (GACC) Vice Minister Li Guo, in New Delhi. This was 4th protocol signed between India and China from 2018 (and overall 9th protocol in number) that allows export of farm commodities from India to China. Both countries agreed to resolve their market access issues expeditiously in order to promote a more balanced trade. Issues Discussed: Key area of discussion of meeting was, 1. The persisting trade deficit between India and China because Indian exporters face certain non- tariff barriers in Chinese market which restrict their exports. 2. Trade-related issues regarding pending Indian request for clearance of agricultural products. Significance: As India is looking for a greater market access for its agricultural and manufactured products in Chinese market, therefore increasing exports of these products to China will help India narrow its widening trade deficit with China, which stood at US $50.12 Billion during April-February 2018-19. Way Forward: Recently, India has identified and also shared with China a list of about 380 products, which includes textiles, horticulture, chemicals and pharmaceutical products. The shipments products are chosen keeping in mind their shipments huge export potential. To improve the trade imbalance China must accede to India’s demand of lower barriers for exports of meat, rice, medicines and IT services, NOTE China is India’s second-biggest trading partner but since 2014 the trade deficit has widened in favor of China by nearly 75% which is about $63 billion worth of goods imported from China (while India exported only $15.07 billion worth of goods to China). The Protocols signed between India and China on Agricultural Commodities (With years of Signing): 1. Mango (2003) 2. Bitter Gourd (2005) 3. Grapes (2005) 4. Rapeseed meal (2015) 5. Basmati Rice (2006) 6. Basmati Rice & Non-Basmati Rice (2018)

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 7. Fish meal/ Fish oil (2018) 8. Tobacco Leaves (January, 2019) 9. Chilli Meal (May, 2019) May 11, 2019 World Migratory Bird Day 2019 observed The World Migratory Bird Day (WMBD) 2019 is being observed on 11 May 2019. Every year people across the globe take action and organize public events like bird festivals, exhibitions, education programmes, and bird-watching excursions to celebrate WMBD. About WMBD The first WMBD was celebrated in 2006. It is an annual awareness-raising campaign which highlights the need for protecting migratory birds and their habitats. Function: It helps to raise global awareness about threats faced by migratory birds, their ecological importance, and need for international cooperation to conserve them. Observance: Starting from 2018, the WMBD is celebrated twice a year, second Saturday in May and in October. It is Organized By: The Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), the African-Eurasian Waterbird Agreement (AEWA) together with EnvironmentAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] for the Americas | (EFTA) The CMS and AEWA are two International Wildlife Treaties which are administered by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). WMBD 2019 For year 2019 it will be celebrated on 11 May and 12 October. The WMBD 2019 is observed with Theme:“Protect Birds: Be the Solution to Plastic Pollution!”. It aims to put spotlight on negative impact of plastic pollution on migratory birds and their habitats. Birds are globally threatened by Plastic Watse: Study recorded that out of 265 bird species found entangled in plastic litter, at least 69 species were freshwater birds (10% of all freshwater species), 147 species were seabirds (36% of all seabird species), and 49 landbird species (0.5 per cent). US unveils Global Health Security Strategy The United States government unveiled ‘Global Health Security Strategy’. It is an effort which outlines coordinated US approach to help improve world’s ability in stopping deadly outbreaks even before they spread between countries. About Global Health Security Strategy It is a first of its kind strategy that seeks to detect, prevent, and respond to threats from various infectious diseases occurring naturally or accidentally. It defines the actions that US administration will undertake by adopting awhole-of-government (WoG, is joint activities performed by multiple public service agencies) approach to health security. This will help US leverage strengths of different federal departments, agencies and funding streams. Mandate: The National Security Strategy precisely identifies fighting biological threats and pandemics as central component of US’s national security. It treats Biological threats, (like infectious disease outbreaks) as national security priority. The GHS strategy focuses on three interrelated goals – 1. Strengthen partner country global health security capacities. 2. Increase international support for global health security. 3. Prepare a homeland ready and resilient against global health threats. Way Forward The US is coordinating with international partners to work together and help improve world’s ability to contain and stop infectious disease outbreaks before they spread between countries. New Viper species Discovered in Arunachal Pradesh A team of herpetologists (specialized in study of reptiles and amphibians) have discovered a more advanced new species of reddish-brown pit viper from Arunachal Pradesh. Their discovery was published in Russian Journal of Herpetology.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 About the Viper Scientific Name (of discovered Arunachal pit viper): Trimeresurus arunachalensis. This discovery of new species makes Arunachal Pradesh only Indian state to have a pit viper named after it. Discovery: The research team from Pune-based Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, found the snake species while conducting biodiversity surveys in Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, in in West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh. Significance: The viper discovered is never described before therefore this single known specimen of this species makes it currently the rarest pit viper in the world. Type: It is a species of reddish-brown pit viper, a venomous snake. It has a unique heat-sensing system. Earlier Discoveries With this, India is now home to fifth brown pit viper. The other four brown pit vipers areHump- Nosed, Horseshoe, Malabar, and Himalayan who were discovered about 70 years ago. This new discovery makes Arunachal pit viper the second serpent to have been discovered in state after Crying Keelback, a non-venomous snake was found in Arunacal’s Lepa-Rada district in 2018. NOTE The Vipers (or Viperidae) are a family of venomous snakes found in most parts of world. All such species have relatively long, hinged fangs that permitAdarsh deepBansal | [email protected] penetration |and injection of snake venom. IAF intercepted trespassing Georgian An-12 Aircraft The Indian Air Force (IAF) intercepted an unknown Georgian Antonov-12, a heavy cargo aircraft trespassing into Indian sovereign territory. It was force to land in Jaipur for necessary investigation. Key Highlights The Sukhoi aircraft (fighter jets) of IAF, intercepted an unknown aircraft entering Indian Air Space in North Gujarat Sector with its IFF (Identification, Friend or Foe) ‘on’. The IFF is a radar-based identification system, used within military and civil air traffic control (ATC) interrogation systems for detecting and identifying friendly vehicles. Detection: Due to current geopolitical situation (referring to the 14 February Pulwama terror attack in India by Pakistan and the Balakot Military strike conducted by India on Pakistan), the Air Traffic Services (ATS) routes in the area were closed and aircraft did not follow authorized ATS route. It tried to enter Indian Air Space from an unscheduled point, and was also not responding to Radio calls from Indian controlling agencies. This led to IAF’s fighter aircraft to scramble (ordered to take off immediately for action) and directed towards unknown aircraft for investigation. Identification: On visual contact, the suspected aircraft flying at twenty seven thousand feet was identified as Georgian Antonov-12 (a heavy cargo aircraft). Initially, it neither responded on international distress frequency nor to visual signals during interception. But, when challenged, the aircraft responded and informed that it was a non-scheduled An-12 aircraft that flew from Tbilisi (Georgia) and was on its way to New Delhi via Karachi. Encounter: The aircraft was shadowed for the route violation and forced to land in Jaipur for security concern and to undertake necessary investigation. Renowned Tamil novelist Thopil Mohammed Meeran dies aged 74 The well-known Tamil writer and Sahitya Akademi awardee Thopil Mohammed Meeran passed away at the age of 74. About Thoppil Mohamed Meeran In his lifetime he received eight literary awards which includes Sahitya Akademi Award and Tamil Nadu Kalai Ilakkiya Perumantram Award. He won the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award in 1997, for his novelSaaivu Naarkkaali (The Reclining Chair), released in 1995. Other Novels Authored: are Thuraimugam, Anju Vannam Theru, Oru Kadalora Graamaththin Kathai, and Koonan Thoppu (all between 1988 and 2011). His Short Story Collections and extensive translation work, gave him a prominent place in literary world. Some of his short story collections includes Thangarasu, Oru Maamaramum Konjam

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Paravaigalum, Anbukku Muthumai Illai, Oru Kutti Theevin Varippadam, Ananthasayanam Colony, and Thoppil Mohamed Meeran Kathaigal. Forte: Due to his mastery over both Malayalam and Tamil, he could use both languages in his novels effortlessly. This became the speciality of all his literary works i.e. his novels brilliantly narrated the fisherfolk’s life with details in both Tamil and Malyalam. Justice A S Oka sworn in as Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court Justice Abhay Shreeniwas Oka was sworn-in as the Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court. He now becomes 31st Chief Justice of Karnataka HC. His oath of office was administered by Karnataka Governor Vajubhai R Vala, at Raj Bhavan in Bengaluru. Key Facts The Karnataka Chief Justice office had fallen vacant after then incumbent Justice Dinesh Maheshwari was elevated as a Supreme Court (SC) judge in January 2019. After erstwhile Chief Justice Maheshwari’s elevation Justice L Narayana Swamy was appointed as Acting Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court On 30 April 2019, central government on recommendation of the SC collegium (constituted on April 8) notified the Justice Shreeniwas Oka’s appointment as Chief Justice Karnataka by President Ram Nath Kovind. About Justice Shreeniwas Oka Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | The 58 year old Justice Oka, enrolled as an Advocate in 1983 started his practice in Thane District Court, Maharashtra. In 1985-86, he joined office of V P Tipnis, a former Lok Ayukta and former Judge of Bombay High Court and appeared in many major cases including public interest litigations (PILs). In August 2003 he was appointed as an additional judge of Bombay High Court in and in November 2005 he was appointed as a permanent Judge. Before his appointment as Chief Justice of Karnataka he was serving as second senior-most judge in Bombay High Court. High Courts in India According to Article 214 of Indian constitution, each state of India shall have a High Court. The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed in accordance to Article 217 of Indian constitution by President with consultation of Chief Justice of India (CJI) and the Governor of respective State. Actress Dia Mirza, among 17 New SDG Advocates of UN The United Nations (UN) Secretary-General, Antonio Guterres appointed 17 global figures which includes China’s Alibaba chief Jack Ma and Indian actress Dia Mirza as the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) advocates. Jack Ma, the founder and Executive Chairman of Chinese MNC Alibaba Group has been an SDG Advocate since 2016. About the New SDG Advocates of UN Who are they? New class of SDG, Advocates are globally influential public figures who are committed to inspiring greater ambition, raising awareness, and pushing for faster action on SDGs. Function: The new SDG advocates are tasked to work together so as to drive action, build ambition, solidify global political will, and leverage and build bridges between their audiences to drive progress on achieving ambitious SDGs. Representation: These New Advocates which includes representatives from academia, Business, sport, entertainment, governments, and activist organizations around the world shows the universal character of SDGs. SDG Advocates will utilize their unique platforms and leadership skills to inspire and mobilize global community in order to build momentum for transformative, inclusive development by 2030. About Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) The SDGs were born at United Nations (UN) Conference on Sustainable Development in Rio de Janeiro in 2012. The SDGs replaced Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which were active from 2000-2015. They are also known as ‘Global Goals’ and were adopted by world leaders on September 25, 2015. The

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 adoption year 2015 coincides with other historic agreement like ‘COP21 Paris Climate Conference’ and ‘Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction’, signed in Japan in March 2015, It is a set of 17 Universal Goals, that seeks to meet urgent environmental, political and economic challenges facing our world. For ex- Poverty, Hunger, Education, Climate Change, Peace etc. NOTE: The 38 year old Dia Mirza, is an actor, film producer and United Nation Environment Program (UNEP) Goodwill Ambassador for India.

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

‘CRICZONE’: World’s First Women’s Cricket Magazine launched The inaugural edition of world’s first exclusive women’s cricket magazine named as ‘Criczone’ was released in India. About Criczone Women Only: It is the world first magazine which features only women cricketers. Cover Story: In its first edition launched in India, the magazine features Indian Women’s Cricket team vice-captain Smriti Mandhana as cover story. Purpose: It is a one stop solution, exclusively dedicated to providing updates, articles, news, interviews etc. from the world of women’s cricket. It was launched on the sidelines of the inauguration of upcoming women’s T20 challenge. The event was attended by top international cricketers such as Harmanpreet Kaur, Smiriti Mandhana, Mithali Raj and also by overseas players like Sophie Devine and Danielle Wyatt. Publisher: of magazine is Yash Lahoti. The Criczone stories will seek to empower young aspiring women cricketers to take the sport as a profession and able to make sustainable living. Republic of Ireland declares Climate Emergency Republic of Ireland has become only the second country in world to declare a climate emergency. Earlier on 1 May 2019, Britain’s parliament became the first in world to declare a climate emergency. Key Highlights The climate emergency declaration was passed by both the government and opposition parties of Ireland unanimously. Both agreed to an amendment to ‘Oireachtas report on Climate Action’ (a parliamentary report on climate action). The ammendement was accepted without a vote. Targets: to be undertaken includes- becoming carbon-neutral by 2030, introduce electric car hubs or build sustainable homes to try to achieve that goal. The Oireachtas Climate Action report that started the Irish declaration came from a Citizens’

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Assembly report. The Citizens’ Assembly will next be considering the issue of a biodiversity emergency. The Citizens’ Assembly: It is the Ireland’s citizens’ assembly which was established in 2016 for considering several political questions like referendums, abortion, population ageing, fixed term parliaments, and climate change etc. The report produced by it to be considered bythe Oireachtas (Ireland’s Legislature). Next Move: The Ireland will next vote on a Climate Emergency Measures Bill, which seeks to limit oil and gas exploration. Criticism: declaring a climate emergency will mean absolutely nothing unless there is action taken to back it up. Also, there is no single definition of what a climate emergency actually means. Ireland Legislature The national parliament of Ireland is known as Oireachtas. It consists of, The President of Ireland and a bicameral chamber. It is the only body that has power to make laws. The two houses of Oireachtas are 1. Dáil Éireann (lower house) 2. Seanad Éireann (Upper House) About Britain’s Protest Britain declared the climate emergencyAdarsh Bansal following | [email protected] the 11 | days of street protests led by‘Extinction Rebellion’ environmental campaign group in London, UK. The ultimate goal of Extinction Rebellion’s is to cut down global greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions to zero by 2025 and to end biodiversity loss. They have won the support of left-leaning politicians across the world. The British government targets include reducing its carbon emissions by 80% (compared to 1990 levels) by 2050. It seeks to achieve the target at a relatively low cost and without causing substantial economic damage. Others The targets are being set in Scotland to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to net-zero by 2045. Many local areas around the United Kingdom (UK) have also acknowledge that there is a climate emergency. May 12, 2019 India to host WTO Ministerial Meeting of Developing Countries India will be hosting a World Trade Organisation (WTO) Ministerial meeting of developing countries in New Delhi on 13-14 May 2019. The aim is to discuss various challenges being faced by multilateral rules- based-trading system. Key Highlights of Meeting Participants: includes 1. Six Least Developed Countries (LDC), namely Benin, Bangladesh, Central African Republic (CAR), Chad, Uganda, Malawi. 2. Sixteen developing countries, namely Turkey, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Africa, Argentina, Brazil, Egypt, Guyana, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Guatemala, Nigeria, Oman, China, Saudi Arabia, Barbados. 3. Director-General (DG) of World Trade Organization (WTO), Roberto Azevêdo. The two-day meeting will be an interaction between participants in order to provide an opportunity to Ministers to discuss various issues and the way forward. Purpose: The meeting is an effort to bring developing countries and Least Developed Countries (LDCs) together on one platform and to share common concerns on various issues affecting WTO and also working together in addressing these issues. Significance: The meeting is being held at a time whenmultilateral rules-based-trading system is facing serious challenges. In recent times, there has been an increase in unilateral measures and counter measures by member nations, further leading to deadlock in key areas of negotiations and stand-off in Appellate Body. This is threatening the very existence of Dispute Settlement Mechanism

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 of WTO and impacting WTOs position as an effective multilateral organisation. This current scenario has given rise to demands from various quarters to reform the WTO. Importance: Meeting will provide an opportunity to LDCs and developing countries to build consensus on how to move forward on WTO reforms, at the same time preserving fundamentals of multilateral trading system (MTS) enshrined in WTO. The key discussions will also be about at getting a direction on how to constructively engage on various issues (both institutional and negotiating) in WTO, in the upcomingWTO’s Twelfth Ministerial Conference which will be held in Kazakhstan in June 2020. About Least developed countries (LDCs) They are low-income countries facing severe structural limitation to sustainable development. LDCs have low levels of human assets and are also, extremely vulnerable to economic and environmental shocks. Currently there are 47 countries designated as LDCs by United Nations (UN). The LDC status is reviewed every three years by Committee for Development (CDP). CDP uses three criteria to identify LDCs – 1. Gross National Income (GNI) per capita 2. Human Assets Index (HAI) Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | 3. Economic Vulnerability Index (EVI) Konkan Railways signs agreement with Nepal Railways India and Nepal have inked a deal on procurement of demo train that operates on diesel. The contract agreement was signed between India’s Konkan Railways Corporation Ltd and Nepal’s Department of Railways to supply two 1600 HP Diesel Electric Multiple Unit (DEMU) train sets. About Agreement It was signed in Kathmandu in presence of Manjeev Puri, Indian Ambassador to Nepal and Madhusudan Adhikari, Nepal’s Secretary, Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport. According to agreement, Nepal will procure two diesel-operated trains, which will arrive in Nepal within five months. Manufacturer: The trains will be manufactured by Integrated Coach Factory (owned and operated by Indian Railways) in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Attachments: Each train set will comprise of three trailer cars with one air conditioned, one driving power car and one driving trailer car with standard accessories. Route Undertaken: These trains will be used to operationalise 34 km long railway corridor stretch which links Jayanagar in Bihar, India and Kurtha in Dhanusa district, Nepal. The 34 kms Jayanagar-Kurtha Railway Link was built by IRCON (Ircon International Limited, a construction and engineering PSU in transport infrastructure) with a financial grant from Indian Government under India-Nepal Development Partnership programme. IAF gets first Apache Guardian attack helicopter from US The Indian Air Force (IAF) was formally handed over its first AH-64E (I)-Apache Guardian helicopter at the Boeing production facility in Mesa, Arizona, USA. The first batch of about four-six Apache helicopters will be delivered to India in July 2019. About ‘AH-64E Apache’ Background: In September 2015, India and US signed a deal worth $3 billion (at current prices) for inducting 22 Apaches Helicopters in Indian Air Force (IAF) by March 2020. The IAF has bought the latest version of the Apache, called as the AH-64E (I) Apache Guardian. Made In US: In Apache deal there is no transfer of technology or “Make in India” component. The helicopter is entirely built in the US. But, US Army is providing training to IAF pilots and maintenance personnel (who will operate Apache fleet) at Fort Rucker, Alabama, US. Features: The AH-64E Apache is flown by the US Army and is one of the leading multi-role attack helicopters globally. It is even dubbed as the “flying tank”.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 It is widely acknowledged as the world’s most lethal combat helicopter. It has flown about a million mission hours in various conflicts, like from fighting in First Gulf War (in 1991) to ongoing fighting in Afghanistan. It is armed with Hellfire Longbow air-to-ground missiles, stinger air-to-air missiles, guns and rockets. It can be operated both by day and also by night with equal effectiveness. It can fly just metres above the ground and shelter behind trees and sand dunes. It has advanced Longbow radar which can pick up enemy armoured vehicles and can then destroy them with air-to-surface rockets or anti-tank missiles or a chain gun that sends about 625 rounds per minute tearing into targets. It has improved survivability, joint digital operability and cognitive decision-aiding. Importance: The addition of AH-64 E (I) helicopter is a step towards modernisation of IAF’s helicopter fleet. The helicopter handed over to India has been customised to suit IAF’s future requirements and would also have significant capability in mountainous terrain. Also, the Apache is capable of transmitting and receiving battlefield picture to and from weapon systems by using data networking, this makes it a lethal acquisition. National Technology Day observed on May 11 National Technology Day was observed on AdarshMay Bansal 11 | [email protected] across India. | The day marks the anniversary of Pokhran Nuclear Tests (Operation Shakti) of 1998 and also India’s progress in field of science and technology. About National Technology Day The National Technology Day was coined by late Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee as 11 May act as as a reminder of India’s technological advancements. Background: On 11 May 1998, India successfully conducted Pokhran-II (code name-Operation Shakti) in which it tested its Shakti-I nuclear missile at Indian Army’s Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan. This was the second nuclear test conducted by India after Pokhran I (code-named Operation Smiling Buddha) was conducted in May 1974. Objective: National Technology Day highlights and celebrates groundbreaking achievements and valuable contribution of our scientists and engineers in field of science and technology. It also encourages youngsters towards science and technology field and embracing it as a career option. Celebration: Every year the Technology Development Board of India (a statutory body) commemorates NTD by awarding individuals with National Award for their contribution to science and technology (S&T). Also, on the occasion of NTD engineering colleges across India conduct programmes to support scientific endeavours and promote interest amongst students. Other Landmark Events that happened on May 11 National Technology Day also marks the flight of Hansa-3, India’s first indigenous aircraft which was developed by National Aerospace Laboratories. It was flown in Bengaluru when nuclear tests were being organized in Pokhran, Rajasthan. It was a two-seater, light general aviation plane. It is utilized in flying institutes for pilot training, surveillance, sports, aerial photography, and environment Projects. On May 11, 1998 the Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO) accomplished last test-fire of Trishul missile. It is a surface-to-air, short-range missile, quick-reaction. It was then introduced into defence service by Indian Air Force (IAF) and Indian Army. The Trishul missile Trishul was a unit of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP) of India which has resulted in formation of Prithvi, Akash and Agni missile systems. May 13, 2019 Islamic State for first time claims ‘Province’ in India The Islamic State (or IS, a Salafi jihadist militant group) for the first time has claimed that it has established a “province” in India. Although, ISIS began claiming attacks against Indian security forces in Kashmir since November 2017 but without any branch affiliation. About the Claims

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 New ‘province’: claimed by Islamic State (IS) is called in Arabic as“Wilayah of Hind” (India Province), the dreaded terror outfit, (also known as ISIS and ISIL). The claims came after a militant with alleged ties to the group was killed in a clash between security forces and militants in the Kashmir region. IS Claims: As per IS’s Amaq News Agency claims, the IS caused casualties on Indian army soldiers in Amshipora town in Shopian district of Kashmir. The claims by IS corresponds with killing of a militant named Ishfaq Ahmad Sofi in an encounter in Shopian. As per Military officials for more than a decade, Sofi was involved in other kashmiri militant groups before pledging allegiance to Islamic State. Analysis: According to Indian security experts analysis, claims by IS about establishment of a ‘province’ in Kashmir region, where it in reality IS has nothing resembling actual governance is unreasonable, but it should not be written off. ISIS earlier did not elaborate on its branch’s geographical remit as mentioned in name of its new branch in India in a low-key announcement. The low-key announcement of new branch is being seen as part of ISIS’ strategy to give

impression of strengthening itsAdarsh global Bansal | [email protected] affiliations | following territorial losses in Middle East (Iraq and Syria in April). In past, such a strategy has been highlighted by ISIS chief Abu Bakr al- Baghdadi. Other Claims: IS also took responsibility for Easter Sunday bombing in Sri Lanka (in which at least 253 people killed). This shows that IS has stepped up hit-and-run raids and suicide attacks. Sunday Times Rich List 2019: Hinduja Brothers tops for 3rd time According to Sunday Times Rich List 2019, Indian-origin Billionaire Hinduja brothers (Sri and Gopi Hinduja) were named as wealthiest people in the UK continuously for a third time. They topped No. 1 rank with a fortune of 22 billion pounds. Others in Sunday Times Rich List Mumbai-born Brothers David and Simon Reuben secured second place with a combined wealth of 18.66 billion pounds. They made fortune in scrap metal, property and carpets The richest person on 2018’s Times Rich List,Sir Jim Ratcliffe, founder of Ineos chemicals firm, slipped to third rank. Zimbabwe-born Valerie Moran became first black female entrepreneur ever to be ranked in the Times Rich List. About Hinduja Brothers The Hinduja Group, family business was founded in 1914 in Mumbai, India. It now holds a global interests in various areas which includes banking, oil and gas, IT (Information and Technology) and property. The Indian origin Hinduja Brothers namely Sri, aged 83 and Gopi, aged 79 are London based British citizens. They are two of the four brothers controlling the empire. Properties owned by them include ‘The Old War Office in Whitehall’ (that was used as headquarters by Winston Churchill during World War II) which they soon might reopen as a luxury hotel. In past, two brothers have topped the Sunday Times list in 2014 and in 2017. About Sunday Times Rich List It is an annual list which estimates 1,000 wealthiest people or families resident of United Kingdom (UK) and rank them by net wealth. It is published by Britains national Sunday newspaper The Sunday Times. It is based on identifiable wealth which includes property, land, other assets like art, and shares in companies. It does not include the amount people have in their bank accounts. IAAF World Relays 2019 in Yokohama concludes The 2019 International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) World Relays was a two day biennial event which held from 11 May to 12 May 2019, in Yokohama, Japan. It offers platform for athletes to qualify

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 for upcoming 2019 IAAF World Athletics Championships to be held in Doha, Qatar in September-October 2019. About 2019 IAAF World Relays Participants: 43 nations from all over the world took part in competition. New Event Added: For 2019, two new mixed events were established: 1. The 2 × 2 × 400 m relay (It replaces the 4 × 800 m relay which featured at last event) 2. The shuttle hurdles relay IAAF World Relays 2019 Winners: Gold winners in Men’s events: 4x100m: Brazil 4x200m: US 4x400m: Trinidad & Tobago Gold winners in Women’s events: 4x100m: US 4x200m: France 4x400m: Poland India’s Performance: India competed in 4X400m relays (men,Adarsh Bansal women | [email protected] and mixed | relay). From India same squad which featured in Asian Athletics Championships in Doha in April 2019 was fielded. Both Indian men’s 4x400m teams and Indian women’s 4x400m teams finished at 17th position. The mixed 4x400m quartet of Hima Das, Saritaben Gayakwad, MR Poovamma, and VR Vismaya stood at 15th About IAAF World Relays It is an international track and field sporting event. It sees participant teams from all over the world which compete in relay races. Some of these teams are not part of standard Olympic programme. It is organized by International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF). It is a biennial event i.e. it is held every odd year, just like IAAF World Athletics Championships. Moreover, IAAF World Relay serves as a qualification stage for IAAF World Championships in Athletics. International Nurse’s Day observed on May 12 International Nurses Day was observed globally on 12 May 2019. It is celebrated every year on birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale, the foundational philosopher of modern nursing. About International Nurses Day Background: The first proposal for Nurses Day was made in 1953, by an officer with US Department of Health, Education and Welfare Dorothy Sutherland and first proclaimed by President Dwight D Eisenhower. In 1965, it was first celebrated by the International Council of Nurses (ICN). Later, in 1974 ICN established 12 May as International Nurses Day, to be celebrated every year to highlight important role played by nurses in providing best healthcare services. Aim: It is celebrated to honour, contributions made by nurses in societies around the world. Organised: It is organised each year by the International Council of Nurses, which is group of more than 130 national nurses associations, with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. Role played by Nurses: IND acknowledges various roles played by nurses which includes providing and managing personal care and treatment, working with families and communities, & playing a central part in public health & controlling disease & infection. Theme for International Nurses Day 2019 was “Nurses – A Voice to Lead – Health for All”. This year the Nurses Day coincided with Mother’s Day. About Florence Nightingale She was a British national and born on 12 May in 1820. She was a reforming spirit in nursing who organised nursing for wounded and sick soldiers, at the same time served as manager and trainer of other nurses during Crimean War in 1850s.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 She is also known as ‘Lady with the Lamp’. Moreover, her far-sighted ideas and reforms have greatly influenced modern healthcare. Achievements She established ‘Nightingale Training School’ at St Thomas’ Hospital. It was first professional training school for nurses. She established ‘School of Midwifery nursing’ at King’s College Hospital because she believed that specialist midwifery nurses are needed. This later became a model for the country. She has published more than 200 books, reports and pamphlets on hospital organization and planning. These are widely read and respected even today. She is credited for inventing the pie chart and later on became first woman to be elected to Royal Statistical Society (RSS). In 1909, she received ‘Freedom of the City of London’ award, and became first woman to whom it was awarded. Manchester City retains Premier League football title The Manchester City won the English Premier League football title for second successive year. Liverpool gained the second place in league. Key Highlights The Manchester City club maintainedAdarsh its Bansaldominance | [email protected] by finishing | the campaign with 14 straight wins and 98 points. It clinched the title by beating hosts Brighton & Hove Albion Football Club (or Brighton FC) with 4-1 on seasons final day. Liverpool FC after beating Wolverhampton Wanderers FC with 2-0, stood as the runners-up of title despite with enormous 97 points. This was City’s 4th Premier League title in last eight years. With this the club became first team to win back-to-back titles in England’s top Premier League for a decade. Last time it was Manchester United who won consecutively in seasons of year 2007-08 and year 2008-09. Manchester City will play in the FA Cup final (is the last match in Football Association Challenge Cup) against Watford on 19 May 2019. About English Premier League (EPL) It is also called ‘The Premier League’ and was founded on 20 February 1992. It stands at the top level of the Football Pyramid (also known as English football league (EFL) system which is basically a series of interconnected leagues for men’s association football clubs in England). EPL is contested by 20 clubs and the Seasons run from starting in August to ending in May. Each team plays 38 matches overall (as one team will play with all 19 other teams both home and away). Plastic Waste included in Basel Convention After 12 days of negotiations under the patronage of United Nations (UN) around 180 governments agreed on a new UN accord to regulate the movement and export of plastic waste between their national borders. Key Highlights Participants: About 1,400 representatives from almost every country in world met for 12 days of discussions at a United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) meeting in Geneva, Switzerland. Agreement: Except the United States, about 180 governments, agreed to the deal which essentially updates (or amended) the 1989 Basel Convention on the Control Of Hazardous Wastes, to include plastic waste in a legally-binding framework, in a move to quickly reduce amount of plastic being washed into world’s oceans. Legally Binding: The framework for reducing plastic waste signed is legally binding which means that countries will have to monitor and track thousands of types of plastic waste outside their borders. Cause of Concern: Some 8 million tonnes (MT) of plastic waste ends up in oceans each year. For far too long the practice of plastic waste dumping or exporting their mixed toxic plastic wastes to developing Asian countries is being followed by developed countries like the US and Canada with claims that it would be recycled in receiving country. But since, much of this contaminated mixed

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 waste cannot be recycled it is instead dumped or burned, or lastly finds its way into the ocean. Analysis: As per IPEN umbrella group (The International POPs Elimination Network, a global network of NGOs which seeks to eliminate hazardous and toxic chemicals and persistent organic pollutants) this new amendment to Basel Convention would empower developing countries to refuse plastic waste dumping. Other Key Decisions taken: The recent Geneva meeting also undertook to eliminate two toxic chemical groups namely Dicofol (organochlorine pesticide) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (or PFOA, also known as C8, is a man-made chemical), and other related compounds. PFOA has wide variety of industrial and domestic applications like non-stick cookware and food processing equipment, and also as paints, carpets and paper. Importance: The deal stroked sends a very strong political signal to rest of the world (including private sector, consumer market) that we need to take action. About Basel convention In 1989, the Conference of Plenipotentiaries (CoP) in Basel, Switzerland adopted The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal. It was adopted in response to large public outcry after it was discovered that large deposits of toxic wastes were being imported from abroad into developing world. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | The Basel Convention came into force in 1992. Scientists sequence Asiatic lion’s Genome for the first time The scientists from Council of Scientific & Industrial Research’s (CSIR)-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology in Hyderabad, for the first time sequenced the entire genome of Asiatic lion. Key Highlights of Study The population of Asiatic lion, an endangered species is very low. At present only 523 animals are found in the Gir forests in Gujarat. Need for Conservation: The study of genomes unraveled evolutionary history of Asiatic lion. It noted that evaluation of genetic diversity (i.e. the total number of genetic characteristics of a species which serves as a way for populations to adapt to changing environments) placed Asiatic lion in lowest bracket of genomic diversity index which highlights the gravity of its conservation status. Multi-Pronged Approach: As per scientist for conservation of Asiatic lions it is crucial to adopt a multi-pronged approach. Therefore, genome study which will identifying characteristics which are specific to Asiatic lions will enable better population and disease management of endangered big cat. Importance: The genome sequencing of Asiatic lions would enable scientists to better understand their evolution. With better understanding they can develop specific markers to study Asiatic lion’s population genetics (it means the differences at gene level within a population) and can further get newer insights into their population status and subsequent management. Significance: Until now only partial genomic information of African lion is available. Therefore a comparative genomics between both African lion and Asiatic lions can only be undertaken once complete genome of African lion is sequenced. Therefore, once complete genome of African Cheetah, Royal Bengal tiger, and Jaguar will be available, the comparative studies of all these big cats would be possible. This signifies that final objective of scientists is to understand species at DNA level and study that if there are any specific problems with regard to adaptability of Asiatic Lion to environment or behaviour vis-à-vis other big cats. About Asiatic Lion They are also known as Indian Lion, and Scientific Name is Panthera Leo Persica. IUCN Red List Status: Endangered They are also Listed in Schedule I of Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972, in Appendix I of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). At present the only home of Asiatic lion is Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary in Gujarat. Threats: Asiatic lion presently exists as a single sub-population. They are vulnerable to extinction

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 from unpredictable events, like epidemic or large forest fire and in recent years poaching incidents were also indicated. Lewis Hamilton wins Formula One Spanish GP Lewis Hamilton won the Formula One Spanish Grand Prix atCircuit de Catalunya, in Barcelona and the Mercedes sealed its fifth consecutive one-two finish. Key Highlights At this Spanish Grand Prix, Mercedes matched the record of five successive Formula One one-twos. as Lewis Hamilton beat his teammate and pole-sitter Valtteri Bottas. It is only the fifth time in Formula One (F1) history that a team has taken top two spaces for five straight races and only third instance of Mercedes achieving feat since 2014. Lewis Hamilton overtook his teammate and pole-sitter, Valtteri Bottas at turn one and stayed in front, thus winning Spanish Grand Prix for a third consecutive year. This was the five-time and defending champion, L. Hamilton’s 76th career victory. With this win he moved back to the top of drivers’ standings. Ahead of him only Michael Schumacher has more with 91 career victory. The second and third places were held by Valtteri Bottas in his Mercedes and Max Verstappen in his Red Bull respectively. About Spanish Grand Prix Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | The Formula One (or F1) is the highest class of single-seater auto racing in which term word “formula” name refers to set of rules which is to be met by all participants’ cars. The Spanish Grand Prix is a Formula One (F1) race which was held at Circuit de Catalunya in Barcelona, Spain. It has a Circuit length of 4.655 km and Race length of 307.104 km. The Grands Prix is the French word for ‘grand prizes’ or ‘great prizes’. ADMM-PLUS exercise concludes in Singapore The ASEAN Defense Ministers’ Meeting (ADMM)-Plus Maritime Security Field Training Exercise (MS FTX) in the South China Sea concluded on 13 May 2019 at RSS Singapura ( also known as Changi Naval Base) in Singapore. Key Highlights Schedule: The ADMM-Plus Maritime Security Field Training Exercise was held from 30 April to 13 May. The exercise commenced on 30 April in Busan, South Korea and concluded in Singapore. Phases: It was held in two phases. The Phase I of ADMM-PLUS MS FTX was scheduled from 1 May to 3 May and its Phase II was scheduled from 9 May to 12 May. Organised: It is co-organized by Singapore and South Korea as both nations currently holds co- chairmanship of ADMM-Plus Experts’ Working Group on Maritime Security. Participants: The ADMM-Plus comprises total 18 nation participants which include ten Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries and other 8 includes the United States, Australia, New Zealand, South Korea, Japan, Russia, China, and India. Significance: This is the fourth Maritime Security Field Training Exercise (MS FTX) was conducted under the ambit of the ADMM-Plus. It involved 10 aircraft and 19 ships with about 700 personnel from the 18 ADMM-Plus countries. Drills Undertaken: During exercise, Participants conducted a series of professional exchanges ashore, as well as maritime security drills in the waters off Republic of Korea (ROK) and Singapore. Several maritime security drills for building confidence and practical cooperation included sharing information to track vessels-of-interest, practicing the Code for Unplanned Encounters at Sea, boarding operations and protection of key installations, conducted helicopter cross-deck landings and replenishment at sea drills as they sailed. On completion of Phase II, Some of the exercise participants, including US Navy destroyer USS William P. Lawrence (DDG 110) and India’s INS Kolkata and INS Shakti are scheduled to participate in the International Maritime Defense Exposition (IMDEX) 2019 in Singapore May 14-16. NOTE: ASEAN comprises of ten countries of Southeast Asia, with Headquarters: Jakarta, Indonesia. It

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 includes Thailand, Brunei, Laos, Indonesia, Myanmar (Burma), Vietnam, Singapore, Cambodia, Malaysia, and Philippines. May 14, 2019 Novak Djokovic wins Men’s Singles Title in Madrid Open Tennis The World number one Novak Djokovic of Serbia beats Stefanos Tsitsipas of Greece to win men’s singles title in Madrid Open tennis. Key Highlights Novak Djokovic defeated Stefanos Tsitsipas in final with 6-3, 6-4 to win men’s singles title in Mutua Madrid Open. He now has 33 trophies at the elite level. With this win he now holds a tie with Rafael Nadal’s record of 33 ATP Masters 1000 titles. This is also Djokovic’s 200th victory against a Top 10 opponent (200-90). The 31-year-old Djokovic has never lost a championship match in Madrid (Spain capital) and he now owns 74 tour-level trophies (74-33). With this times title he now has won the Madrid Open for a third time. He has earlier won Madrid Open in 2011 and 2016. He will hold all four Grand Slam titles to his name if he wins the second French Open title scheduled to be held in June 2019. Kiki Bertens wins Women’sAdarsh Bansal |Singles [email protected] Title in | Madrid Open tennis Kiki Bertens of Netherlands beats Simona Halep of Romania in finals to win women’s singles title in Madrid Open tennis. Key Highlights Kiki Bertens won with surprise 6-4, 6-4 victory over Simona Halep. With this triumph she became first woman ever to win Madrid singles title championship without dropping a set. Kiki climbed to fourth in world rankings which is her career’s best till now. With this she became the highest-ranked Dutchwoman ever by climbing to World No 4. A victory would have allowed the third-ranked Simona to regain her world’s number one ranking (displacing Naomi Osaka). NOTE: Madrid Open Tennis also known as the Mutua Madrid Open (as currently sponsored by Mutua Madrileña) is a joint men’s and women’s professional tennis tournament, held in Madrid (Spain’s Capital). ISRO inaugurates ‘Yuvika 2019’: The Young Scientist Programme ISRO Chairman Dr K. Sivan inaugurated ISRO’s Young Scientist Programme called ‘Yuvika 2019’ at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR, Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh. Key Highlights About: The YUVIKA (or ‘YUva VIgyani KAryakram’) 2019, is a two week (14 days) summer vacation residential training programme, which will be conducted by ISRO from 13 May to 26 May 2019. It was launched by ISRO in tune with the Centre governments vision of “Jai Vigyan, Jai Anusandhan”. This is the first time it is being held. Aim: to get young school children interested in emerging areas of space science, space technology and various space applications by imparting basic knowledge about it. It also seek to inculpate scientific temper in students. Participants: 3 students from each Indian State (29) and Union Territories (7 UTs) are participating (about 108 students) and will get trained by ISRO Scientists. During programme, participants will also visit Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC), Shriharikota which is spaceport of India. Selection Procedure: The students are selected based on their performance in the 8th Standard (covering CBSE, ICSE and State syllabus), which includes both academic and extracurricular activities. Two Week Course Curriculum: During programme students will be provided course material which has already been pre-loaded on Tablets. It includes science topics like Rocket engineering, Environment science, Astronomy, Space applications, Renewable Energy, and also soft skill improvement modules like leadership, team work, communication, etc. Training Centres/Units: It will be conducted across 4 centres of ISRO, Department of Space (DOS)-

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 1. Space Applications Centre (SAC), Ahmedabad 2. North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC), Shillong 3. Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram 4. U R Rao Satellite Centre (URSC), Bengaluru Significance: Students will get to personally visit launch pad and integration facilities at SDSC, SHAR to understand space port operations. They will also visit ISRO laboratories and interact with and share experience with eminent ISRO scientists. Way Forward It is expected that programmes like YUVIKA might produce good number of scientist in coming years and would lead to national intergartion and national building. Since YUVIKA 2019 received more responses than expected thus ISRO is considering of conducting this programme every year. Mumbai Indians win Indian Premier League title 2019 Mumbai Indians won Indian Premier League title by defeating Chennai Super Kings (CSK) in final at Hyderabad by 1 run. Highlights Mumbai Indians defeated Chennai Super Kings by only one run and won IPL 2019 title. This was Mumbai

Indians 4th Indian Premier League (IPL) trophyAdarsh Bansal and | [email protected] became first | team to do so. IPL Awards 2019 David Warner of Sunrisers Hyderabad won Orange Cap for most runs. He scored 692 runs. Imran Tahir of Chennai Super Kings (CSK) won Purple Cap for taking most wickets. He was the highest wicket-taker in tournament with 26 wickets. Tahir also became the oldest player to feature in an IPL final and is only 2nd spinner after Pragyan Ojha to win Purple Cap. Andre Russell of Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) was named Most Valuable Player. He scored 510 runs, took 11 wickets and hit the most sixes in 2019 season. He also won the title ofSuper Striker of the Season for a strike rate of 204.81 Shubman Gill of KKR was named Emerging Player of the IPL Tournament. Sunrisers Hyderabad bagged the Fairplay award of IPL 2019. Hardik Pandya of Mumbai Indians (MI) won Fastest Fifty of Season. Kieron Pollard of MI won Perfect Catch of the Season. Rahul Chahar of MI was named Game Changer of the Season. KL Rahul of Kings XI Punjab was named Stylish Player of the Season. All the award winners were handed over a cheque of Rs 10 lakh each. About Indian Premier League (IPL) It was founded by Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2008. It is a professional Twenty20 (i.e. T20 format) cricket league which is played every year in India during month of March or April and May. In total it has 48 match days and about 60 matches. It is contested by eight teams representing eight different cities in India. The participant players are from other countries as well. This 2019 season was 12th edition of the IPL. China to host Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations China will be hosting a Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations in Beijing, starting from 15 May to 22 May 2019. During the event an opening ceremony will be held by Chinese President Xi Jinping and six parallel sub forums will be conducted. Key Highlights About: Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations (CDAC) is being held on 15 May 2019 in Beijing, China. As part of CDAC, the Chinese Ministry of Education, in collaboration with United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) will be organizing aparallel panel on “Safeguarding the Diversity of Asian Civilizations“. Aim: It seeks to promote intercultural dialogue in view of building an “Asian Community of Shared Future” which will focus on cultural diversity, exchanges and mutual learning of Asia civilizations. It

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 aims to enhance Asians’ rich cultural lives and contribute to vibrant regional development. Theme: for CDAC is “exchanges and mutual learning among Asian civilizations and a community with a shared future”. It acknowledges the Asian solutions to benefit its people, Asian wisdom to promote political advancement, and Asian community with a shared future. Participants: More than 2000 delegates from 47 Asian and other world countries, including heads of state, government officials, and high-level governmental representatives from UNESCO and other international organizations, educational institutions, celebrities, film and television think tanks are invited to attend conference. Events: Asian civilization week, Asian civilization tours, tourism fairs, Asia cultural carnival and exhibitions, and Asian food festivals will be held on sidelines of CDAC. Key Discussions: It will have dialogue about sharing experiences on Asian governance and Asian approaches to governance differing from Western one. Significance: CDAC provides a platform for interactions between young people, local communities and media and form cooperative network among think tanks. It might boost regional understanding and enhance cooperation between participants. It is also being seen in pursuance of fifth pillar (which is people-to-people exchanges) of China’s ambitious Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).

Background: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | The idea of hosting CDAC was proposed by President Xi Jinping at Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia (CICA) held in Shanghai, China in 2014. Later, at Boao Forum for Asia (BFA) Annual Conference in 2015 conference was initiated by Chinese president Xi Jinping. In 2016 also at the BFA, the session “Dialogue of Asian Civilizations” was held and guests from China, Singapore, Pakistan, Iran, and UNESCO participated in dialogues. US Navy’s Chief of Naval Operations visits India Chief of Naval Operations of US Navy, Admiral John Michael Richardson is on a three day official tour to India. The tour is scheduled from 12 to 14 May 2019 and during his visit he will meet Indian Navy’s Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Sunil Lanba in New Delhi. Key Highlights Purpose: Admiral John Richardson visit to India is amid rising Chinese influence in Indo-Pacific region. This is part of US strategy of grouping together with like-minded countries like India, South Korea, Australia and Japan to make sure that each Indo-Pacific nation can protect its sovereignty from coercion. It refers to coercive activities undertaken by China in South China Sea (SCS) which have become a flashpoint for US-China relations in Asia. Aim: The visit by US Navy Chief is intended to consolidate bilateral naval relations between India and USA and as well as explore new avenues for naval cooperation between two nations. Discussions: Major issues to be discussed during visit include information exchange, capacity building, operations and exercises, capability enhancement and training interactions. Significance: The visit emphasizes the importance of information sharing and exchange between two defence partners. This will further strengthen strategic partnership between the Indian Navy and US Navy. India-US Defence Relation India-US ties has seen a significant growth in recent years. In 2016, USA accorded India a Major Defence Partner status. In September 2018 the inaugural Ministerial 2+2 Dialogue conducted between two nations (India and US), facilitated new avenues for defence cooperation among them. Indian Navy and US Navy interact regularly at various bilateral and multilateral forums. They also participate in several maritime exercises like MALABAR and RIMPAC. Other than Defence Exercise many Regular Subject Matter Expert exchange also takes place between both navies to establish interoperability in various fields.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Sanjiv Puri appointed ITC’s New Chairman ITC Group’s present Managing Director (MD) Sanjiv Puri was elevated as new Chairman and Managing Director of company. His appointment comes after noted industry leader and erstwhile ITC Chairman Yogi C. Deveshwar died on 11 May 2019. Background Y C Deveshwar (aged 72) had stepped down from ITC’s executive role in 2017 but remained non- executive chairman of company. He was ITC’s longest serving Chairman and corporate head. Later in 2017, as part of succession planning in company, the ITC group split the role of company’s Executive Chairman between Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Y C Deveshwar then mentored the executive management led by Sanjiv Puri. Sanjiv Puri He is an alumnus of the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur and Wharton School of Business. He joined ITC in 1986. Since 2015 he was a director on the board of company. In February 2017 he was appointed Chief Executive Officer (CEO), assuming independent charge of executive leadership of ITC.

About ITC Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | ITC stands for ‘India Tobacco Company’, is India’s largest cigarette company. It was established in 1910 and is headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal. It has diversified presence in various business like Cigarettes, Packaging, Hotels, Agri-Business, Paperboards & Specialty Papers, Packaged Foods & Confectionery, Information Technology, Branded Apparel (Wills), and other FMCG products. DRDO successfully conducts Flight Test of ABHYAS The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO, an agency under Ministry of Defence) conducted successful flight test of ‘ABHYAS’, a High-speed Expendable Aerial Target (HEAT). The test was conducted from Interim Test Range (ITR), at Balasore in Chandipur, Odisha. Key Highlights of Test The trial flight test was tracked by various Radars & Electro Optic Systems. Results: Test proved its performance in fully autonomous waypoint (means a series of unique abstract GPS points that create artificial airways) navigation mode. The system performance was as per the simulations carried out. Importance: the test demonstrated the capability of ABHYAS to meet requirement of mission for a cost effective High-speed Expendable Aerial Target (HEAT). About ABHYAS It a high-speed expendable aerial target (HEAT), which offers a realistic threat scenario for practice of weapon systems. It is designed for autonomous flying (with help of an autopilot). Features: Configuration: It is designed on an in-line small gas turbine engine. For its guidance and navigation it uses indigenously developed Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) based navigation system. It has a Luneburg lens (a spherically symmetric gradient-index lens) in the nose cone which improves the radar cross-section of target for weapons practice. It has an Acoustic Miss Distance Indicator (AMDI, a multi-role scoring system for gunnery training and weapons assessment) to indicate the distance it missed. One of India’s Smallest Orchids discovered in Assam Lecanorchis taiwaniana (The parasitic bloom), a type of orchid was accidentally discovered in Assam by Assam’s forest officer named Jatindra Sarma . He is also the Member Secretary of State Medicinal Plants Board. Key Findings: The orchid species is already known in Japan, Taiwan, and Laos. This is the first time it is discovered in India. Its discovery was published in Japanese Journal of Botany with title as “new record for the flora in

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 India”. Characteristics Lecanorchis taiwaniana is a mycoheterotroph, which means it is one of two known types of parasitic plants which have abandoned photosynthesis. As it derives nutrients and its energy from fungus, it may be of herbal importance. It is a variant of a Japanese orchid. It is India’s one of smallest botanically recorded orchids in terms of size and duration of bloom. Importance: The discovery of Lecanorchis taiwaniana adds to the orchid wealth of northeast India (NEI). India has about 1,300 species of orchids out of which 800 are found in NEI, about 300 species are found in Western Ghats and 200 in northwestern Himalayas. May 15, 2019 India’s G.S. Lakshmi becomes 1st Female ICC Match Referee India’s G.S. Lakshmi ha becomes first woman to be appointed to International Cricket Council’s (ICC) International Panel of Match Referee. She will be eligible to take charge in international games with immediate effect. Key Facts Women Officials on ICC Development Panel of Umpires: now includes eight women, namely Eloise Sheridan, Claire Polosak, Shivani Mishra,Adarsh Bansal Lauren | [email protected] Agenbag, | Mary Waldron, Kim Cotton, Jacqueline Williams and Sue Redfern. Earlier in May 2019, Claire Polosak became first ever woman umpire to stand in a men’s ODI. Kathy Cross was the first woman on development panel of umpires retired in 2018. About G.S. Lakshmi Lakshmi, (now aged 51) was first appointed as a match referee in domestic women’s cricket in 2008-09. As a referee she has overseen three women’s ODI matches and three women’s T20I matches. About ICC It is the global governing body of cricket and was earlier named as ‘Imperial Cricket Conference’. It was founded in 1909 by representatives from South Africa, Australia and England It is headquartered in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). India to co-chair Consultative Group of GFDRR India was unanimously chosen by member countries as next co-chair of Consultative Group (CG) of Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) for fiscal year 2020. This decision was taken during Consultative Group meeting of GFDRR 2019 held from 13 May- 17 May in Geneva, Switzerland. Key Highlights About: The Consultative Group meeting held in Geneva was the6 thSession of Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (GPDRR) 2019. Co-Chair of 2019: The CG Meeting 2019 was co-chaired by the European Union (EU), Africa Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) Group of States, and World Bank. In addition to this, GFDRR in cooperation with UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and EU also organized 4thedition of World Reconstruction Conference (WRC) on May 13-14, 2019 in Geneva. Participants: includes experts, policy makers, leaders, and practitioners from various government, international organizations, academia, private sector and NGOs from both developing and developed countries. Significance: This is the first time that India has been given opportunity of co-chairing CG meeting of GFDRR. Importance: Co-Chairing will give India an opportunity to work with other member countries and organizations of GFDRR. India can contribute with a focused contribution towards advancing disaster risk reduction (DRR) agenda during its term as co-chair. Way Forward: India must pursue a focused agenda and develop synergies with currently ongoing work streams of GFDRR. As per India, Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (DRI) will be its central theme of engagement with GFDRR partners and stakeholders.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Background In 2015, India became member of Consultative Group (CG) of GFDRR. At the 5th session of GFDRR held in October 2018, India expressed its interest to co-chair the meet. India’s candidature was backed by member countries because of India’s consistent progress in disaster risk reduction (DRR) and also various initiatives it has undertaken to form a coalition on disaster resilient infrastructure. About GFDRR It is a global partnership which helps developing countries to better understand and reduce their vulnerability to climate change and natural hazards. It involves a grant-funding mechanism, which is managed by World Bank. This grant funding supports disaster risk management projects throughout the world. At present it is working on ground with more than 400 international, national, local and regional partners. It provides funding, knowledge, and technical assistance to them. About World Reconstruction Conference (WRC) It is a global forum which provides a platform to assess, collect, and share experiences about disaster recovery and reconstruction and also to take forward the policy dialogue. Theme for 4th edition of WRC was “ Inclusion for Resilient Recovery,”

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

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Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

Aarohi Pandit became World’s 1st woman to cross Atlantic Ocean solo in LSA India’s Captain Aarohi Pandit became world’s first woman to cross Atlantic Ocean (AO) solo in a Light Sports Aircraft (LSA) named Mahi. Key Highlights Aarohi Pandit is a 23 year old commercial pilot and LSA licence holder from Mumbai, Maharashtra. About: This achievement is part of her ongoing Women Empower (WE) Expedition in the tiny aircraft called ‘Mahi’. This one year-long global circumnavigation flight was launched with her friend Captain Keithair Misquitta on July 30 and both began their trip in August 2018. According to which she continued solo from UK to Canada, and will return to India with her friend by July 30 this year.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Sponsor: The expedition is organised and sponsored bySocial Access, a not-for-profit communications firm. Achievements: Both Pandit and Misquitta flew over Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab, and then to Pakistan, where they landed as well. This makes it first civilian LSA flight to land in neighbouring country since 1947. Then they went onto to Iran, Turkey, Serbia, Slovenia, Germany, France and UK. Other Records: En route her solo journey, she has set another world record as first woman pilot to fly solo in a LSA above treacherous Greenland ice-cap. She is also due for several other records by the time she will reach India. Itinerary: She took-off from Wick, Scotland (United Kingdom), with brief stopovers in Greenland and Iceland and continued journey under adverse and extreme weather conditions. After an exhausting 3,000 km long flight she landed her tiny aircraft at Iqaluit Airport in Canada. After a brief stop in Canada, Women Empower (WE) Expedition will continue with Aarohi flying westwards towards Russia. After clocking a flight of about 37,000 km she is scheduled to return home by July 30 2019. About ‘Mahi’ It is a tiny Sinus 912, a single-engine, ultralight motor glider. Sinus 912 weighs a little of 400 kg (nearly equivalent to a Bullet motorcycle) Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | It is manufactured by Pipistrel of Slovenia. It is also the first Light Sports Aircraft (LSA) registered byDirectorate-General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) India. WhatsApp confirms ‘Targeted’ Spyware Attack WhatsApp, one of the most popular messaging apps in the world with about 1.5 Billion users worldwide confirmed a targeted spyware attack on its platform. Key Highlights Threat: A security flaw in WhatsApp acted as a vulnerability, which allowed hackers to insert malicious software on user’s phones by calling the target using the app. This latest exploit impacts Android devices and Apple’s iPhones, among others. It was discovered by company in early May and WhatsApp quickly attempted to fix it and even rolled out an update within 10 days. Concern: WhatsApp is a “secure” communications app as the messages shared on platform are end- to-end encrypted, which means they should only be displayed in a readable form on sender or recipient’s device. However, the surveillance software used in spyware would have let an attacker read messages on potential target’s device. Impact: Such attacks are designed to compromise users data stored on mobile device and thus puts information stored by billions of people at risk. Potential Attacker: As per a spyware dealer, the hacking tool was developed byNSO ‘ Group’, a shadowy Israel-based firm, which has earlier been accused of helping governments from Middle East to Mexico snoop on activists and journalists. Several security researchers also found similarities between the malicious codes with other tech which have been developed by the firm. Restraint: to protect against potential targeted exploits, WhatsApp encouraged its users to upgrade to latest version of its app, and to also keep their mobile operating system (OS) updated as an added precaution. About NSO Group The group gained prominence in 2016 when several researchers accused it of helping to spy on an activist in United Arab Emirates (UAE). In past it has been referred as a “cyber-arms dealer”. ‘Pegasus’, a highly invasive tool is NSO’s flagship software. It is capable of switching on a target’s phone camera and microphone, gather location data and can even access and collect data from it. But, the firm denied any participation in potential spyware. Justice A K Sikri appointed as the Chairperson of NBSA

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Former Supreme Court judge, Justice A K Sikri is appointed as the chairperson of News Broadcasting Standards Authority (NBSA) by the News Broadcasters Association (NBA) . He will succeed current Chairperson Justice(Retd.) R.V. Raveendran (also a former Judge of Supreme Court) who completes his term on 25 May. He will assume office of Chairperson of NBSA from 26 May 2019. About Justice Sikri In 1977 he enrolled as an Advocate and commenced his practise in Delhi. In 199 he was elevated as Judge to Delhi High Court (HC). In 2011 for a very short time, he was appointed as acting Chief Justice of the Delhi HC. Later in 2012 he was appointed as Chief Justice of Punjab and Haryana High Court. In April 2013, he was elevated as judges to Supreme Court of India. He served as SC judge for about six years and retired in March 2019. About News Broadcasting Standards Authority (NBSA) It is an independent body (free from any interference from NBA) for self-regulation of 24×7 news channels, who are members of NBA. It is basically a self-regulatory mechanism which was set up by News Broadcasters Association (NBA). The aim behind setting NBSA was to improve broadcasting standards and adhere to Code of Ethics (to regulate television content) that wereAdarsh Bansal adopted | [email protected] by NBA | in November 2007. NBSA act as an in-house regulator discharges function as a watchdog. It decides about complaints made against any member broadcasters who might have allegedly violated (or offended) Code of Ethics, Guidelines and Advisories that are issued from time to time. NBSA is empowered to censure, warn, express disapproval, admonish, and penalize the broadcaster with a fine of sum upto Rs. 1 lakh for violation of Code. The Broadcast Editors’ Association, is another such organization. The Advertising Standards Council of India has also drawn certain guidelines on content of advertisements. These groups do not have any statutory powers and are govern through agreements. International Day of Families observed on 15 May The International Day of Families is observed on 15 May every year. Its annual observance reflects the importance international community acknowledges and attaches to families and roles played by them in development. Key Facts About: The United Nations (UN) recognizes family as basic unit of society. Therefore, in 1992 the UN General Assembly (UNGA) with resolution A/RES/47/237 proclaimed 15 May as The International Day of Families. In many countries, this IDF serves as an opportunity to highlight various areas of interest and importance to families. Objective: It seeks to promote awareness of issues relating to families and also aims to increase knowledge of demographic, economic and social processes affecting them. Organized By: IFD observance is organized by Division‘ for Inclusive Social Development’ (DISD), which is part ofUN’s Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA) andGlobal Communications Civil Society. About International Day of Families 2019 The Theme for IFD 2019: is “Families and Climate Action: Focus on (Sustainable Development Goals) SDG 13”. The theme commemorates the day to focus on various roles of families for achievement of Sustainable Development Goals from SDG1 to SDG5 and SDG 16. Significance: The 2019 observance of IDF primarily focuses on families, family policies and major SDG 13 targets – SDG-13 target 13.3: which states to raise awareness, improve education and human and institutional capacity on climate change early warning, adaptation, impact reduction and mitigation. SDG-13 target 13.2: it states to integrate climate change measures by nations into their

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 national planning, policies and strategies. Importance: The Families and family-oriented policies and programmes are important for achievement of many of the SDGs, which were adopted by 193 member states of the United Nations (UN) in 2015. India Rhino will soon have DNA Database The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has undertaken a project to create DNA Profiles of all rhinos present in India. The project which would formally be underway by end of 2019 is set to be completed by 2021 (project’s deadline). Key Facts About: After the completion of project, Indian rhino could become India’s first wild animal species to have all its members DNA-sequenced. The database so collected will be hosted in Wildlife Institute of India (WII) headquarters in Dehradun. Project Highlights: The project being undertaken is a subset of India’s larger, already ongoing Rhino Conservation Programme. Population: In India, there are about 2,600 rhinos and more than 90% of Indian Rhino population is concentrated in Kaziranga National Park, Assam. Since 1980s, Indian government is trying to move significant number of rhinos out of Kaziranga. The aim behind it is in interest of the species’ conservation,Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] threats they | face from poaching and challenges to their current habitat. Some other locations for translocating are in Assam itself likeManas National Park and Pobitara Wildlife Sancutary. Project Proponents: includes World Wide Fund for Nature-India (WWF-India) and Centre-funded Wildlife Institute of India (WII). Current Updates: around 60 samples of tissue of rhinos living outside Kaziranga have been collected so far and researchers are also extracting DNA samples from dung. Importance: DNA Database exercise would be useful to curb killing and poaching and collecting evidence in wildlife crimes involving rhinos. Rhino Species: There are three species of rhinos, out of which only one species ‘the Indian rhino’ is found in India. Indian Government Extends Ban on LTTE for Five Years The Ministry of Home Affairs in a freshly issued notification extended ban on the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE, also known as: Tamil Tigers) in India for a another period of five years. Key Highlights Ban: The Union Home Ministry notified extended ban (of 5 years) to LTTE under sub-sections (1) and (3) of section 3 of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967 (37 of 1967) with immediate effect, thus declared LTTE as an Unlawful Association. Reasons by GoI: Notification states that- Even after LTTE’s military defeat in May 2009, it continues to adopt a strong anti-India posture and also continues to pose a grave threat to security of Indian nationals. It has continued its disruptive and violent activities which are prejudicial to integrity and sovereignty of India. Recent Findings: LTTE has not abandoned concept of Tamil Eelam and is undertaking propaganda activities and fundraising for its Eelam cause in Europe. The pro-LTTE groups and Tamil chauvinist groups continue to foster separatist tendencies amongst Indian masses especially in Tamil Nadu. Recently, activities of LTTE remnant cadres and supporters have been traced out in Tamil Nadu. The Diaspora continued to spread anti-India feeling amongst Sri Lankan Tamils through their articles in Internet, by holding Indian Government responsible for defeat of LTTE. About Liberation Tigers Of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) It is a Sri Lanka based Tamil militant and political organization, which was founded in 1976.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Its objective is to create an independent state of Tamil Eelam in the north and east of Sri Lanka (areas comprising Tamil Majority). It was banned in India following the assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1991 by its members. Rapid and Cheap Diagnostic test for Haemophilia A developed Indian Council of Medical Research’s (ICMR) National Institute of Immunohaematology (in Mumbai) has developed a cost-effective Point-of-Care (POC) rapid diagnostic test for severe genetic disorders Haemophilia A (also called factor VIII (FVIII)) and Von Willebrand Disease (VWD). Key Features of POC Diagnostic Test Earlier Concern: Lack of diagnostic facilities and awareness as well as high costs of tests is leading to under diagnosis of bleeding disorders. Diagnosis of: The newly developed POC test kit can be used for diagnosis of undiagnosed patients, post-partum haemorrhage (PPH), menorrhagia cases, recovery of factors in the transfused Haemophilia A patients, gynaecological complications with bleeding history, and also for differential diagnosis of both diseases. Cost Effective: As per ICMR working cost of these kits is less than ?50 which is too much less in comparison to existing conventional tests available for the diseases that costs around ?4,000 to ?10,000. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Rapid: With help of POC test, diagnosis can be done within half an hour (30 minutes) of blood sample collection. Importance: This is World’s first Point-of-Care (POC) test for specific diagnosis of any common bleeding disorder. Fatal Disease: Patients with severe Haemophilia A or Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) can have severe life threatening spontaneous or post-traumatic bleeding such as gastrointestinal bleed and brain haemorrhage or they may also have bleeding into joints or superficial bleeding from gums or nose. About Von Willebrand Disease (VWD) It is a genetic disorder caused by missing or defective Von Willebrand factor (VWF). VWF is a clotting protein. In normal case when a blood vessel is injured and bleeding occurs, VWF helps platelets to mesh together and form a clot to stop bleeding. But in case of people with VWD, they do not have enough VWF, or it does not work effectively (the way it would in normal case), thus it takes longer time for blood clotting and to stop bleeding. As per estimations up to 1% of world’s population suffers from VWD. Multiple Choice Questions 1. Who has been named the 2019 footballer of the year by the Football Writers’ Association (FWA)? [A] Lionel Messi [B] Raheem Sterling [C] Neymar [D] Francesco Totti Correct Answer: B [Raheem Sterling] Notes: Raheem Sterling, the Manchester City and England forward, has been named the 2019 footballer of the year by the Football Writers’ Association (FWA). He topped the poll of the 400-strong FWA membership as a clear winner, with 62% of the votes. 2. Who has been appointed as the new Vice Chief of Indian Air Force (IAF)? [A] Om Prakash Mehra [B] Anil Khosla [C] Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [D] Dilbagh Singh Correct Answer: C [Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria] Notes: Air Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria has been appointed as the new Vice Chief of Indian Air Force (IAF). He succeeded Air Marshal Anil Khosla. Prior to this post, Bhadauria was head of IAF’s Bengaluru-based Training Command. He was commissioned into the fighter stream of the Air Force on June 15, 1980 with the Sword of Honour. He went on to hold several important positions such as Commandant of the National Defence Academy (NDA), Senior Air Staff Officer at the Central Air Command and Deputy Chief of the Air Staff from January 2016 to February 28, 2017. Bhadauria served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C), Southern Air Command from March 1, 2017. He took over as the chief of the Bengaluru-based Training Command on August 1, 2018. 3. Which of the following Indians is / are included in the Time’s 100 Most Influential People List 2019? [A] Arundhati Katju [B] Menaka Guruswamy [C] Mukesh Ambani [D] All of the above Correct Answer: D [All of the above] Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Notes: The Time 100 Most Influential People 2019 list named the world’s most influential pioneers, leaders, titans, artists and icons of the year. The list includes Indian-American comedian and TV host Hasan Minhaj, US President Donald Trump, Pope Francis, Chinese President Xi Jinping, Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan, iconic golfer Tiger Woods and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg. Here, Reliance Industries Chairman Mukesh Ambani and two women Public Interest Litigators (PIL) Arundhati Katju and Menaka Guruswamy have been featured by TIME magazine in its prestigious list of the 100 most influential people in the world. Arundhati & Menaka led the legal battle for LGBTQ rights in India. 4. Pungam Kannan, who passed away recently, was the well-known player of which sports? [A] Football [B] Hockey [C] Basketball [D] Carrom Correct Answer: A [Football] Notes: Pungam Kannan (80), the former Indian footballer, has passed away at Kolkata, West Bengal. Born in Vandavasi in Tamil Nadu, Kannan played 14 matches for India & was the former Mohun Bagan & East Bengal forward. He won Santosh Trophy for Bengal twice in a row (1971-73) and was the top-scorer. It was legendary German coach Dettmar Cramer who had given him the best appreciation by calling him ‘Pele of Asia’ in 1968 when he was invited by the AIFF to conduct two-week coaching in Mumbai. 5. On which date, the 2019 International Dance Day (IDD) is observed recently? [A] April 26 [B] April 27 [C] April 28 [D] April 29 Correct Answer: D [April 29] Notes: The International Dance Day (IDD) is observed every year on 29th of April to celebrate the birth anniversary of Jean-Georges Noverre (1727–1810), the creator of modern ballet. The day is a celebration day for those who can see the value and importance of the art form dance, and acts as a wake-up-call for governments, politicians and institutions which have not yet recognised its value to the people. It strives to encourage participation and education in dance through events and festivals held on the date all over the world.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 6. Which Indian company has acquired Filipino personal care firm ‘Splash’? [A] Infosys [B] Tata [C] Wipro [D] Reliance Correct Answer: C [Wipro ] Notes: Wipro Consumer Care and Lighting (WCCL) has acquired the Philippines-based personal care maker Splash Corporation for an undisclosed amount to enter the country which has a consumer base of around 100 million. The acquisition strengthens Wipro’s consumer care portfolio in personal care and strengthens its South-East Asian market footprint. Splash is the largest Filipino personal care player and amongst Top 5 in the Philippines market. Its product categories such as exfoliants and leave-in hair care range are new for WCCL. This is Wipro’s 11th consumer business acquisition, and the 9th in the personal care segment. Other Wipro consumer acquisitions include UK’s Yardley, Singapore-based personal-care company LD Waxson Unza Holdings and China’s Zhongshan and a lot more. The company has made five acquisitions in the Indian market in the consumer line business. 7. Which Indian golfer has won the outstanding achievement as a player award at the 4th edition

of the annual India Golf Industry AssociationAdarsh Bansal (GIA) | [email protected] awards? | [A] Shiv Kapur [B] Gaganjeet Bhullar [C] Anirban Lahiri [D] Rashid Khan Correct Answer: B [Gaganjeet Bhullar] Notes: Arjuna awardee and star Indian golfer Gaganjeet Bhullar won the ‘Outstanding achievement as a player award’ at the 4th edition of the annual India Golf Industry Association (GIA) awards at the Delhi Golf Club. The GIA awards were held along with the 8th India Golf & Turf Expo (IGTE), South Asia’s largest golf trade show. Bhullar won the 2018 Fiji International, a European Tour event, and also holds the rare distinction of becoming the youngest golfer on the Asian Tour to achieve nine career victories on tour. 8. Which country has launched the 45-day ‘Mt Everest Cleaning Campaign’? [A] China [B] Bhutan [C] India [D] Nepal Correct Answer: D [Nepal] Notes: The Government of Nepal has launched an ambitious 45-day ‘Everest Cleaning Campaign’ to bring back tonnes of trash from Mt. Everest from 14th April 2019. The campaign is led by Solukhumbu district’s Khumbu Pasanglhamu Rural Municipality and aims to collect nearly 10,000 kgs of garbage from Mt. Everest. Every year, hundreds of climbers, Sherpas and high altitude porters make their way to Everest, leaving behind tonnes of both biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste – including empty oxygen canisters, kitchen waste, beer bottles and faecal matter – on the highest peak, which has lately acquired notoriety as the “world’s highest garbage dump”. The campaign will conclude on May 29, the day marked every year to commemorate the first summit of Everest by Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay in 1953. The collected waste will then be showcased in Namche town, before being ferried down to Kathmandu, where it will once again be showcased on World Environment Day (WED-2019) on June 5. After that, it will finally be sent out for recycling. 9. IGNOU has launched an awareness programme on GST in collaboration with which stock exchange? [A] NSE [B] OTCEI

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [C] BSE [D] ISE Correct Answer: C [BSE] Notes: The Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) has launched an awareness programme on Goods and Services Tax (GST) in collaboration with Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) Institute Limited to help small scale businesses. The purpose of the GST programme is to impart basic knowledge and skills required to fulfil various requirements under the GST Act. It would be beneficial to people who are engaged in maintaining accounts and filing of various indirect tax returns. The main objective of the programme is to impart skills to book keeping professionals to file various regular GST returns along with the various compliance requirements. Those who have passed Class 12 are eligible for the course, which will be offered in January and July cycle of admissions. 10. Which of the following cities has set a new Guinness World Record for the number of national flags raised in a city for 24 hours? [A] Beirut [B] Riyadh [C] Abu Dhabi [D] Manama Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Correct Answer: A [Beirut] Notes: Beirut, the national capital of Lebanon, has set a new Guinness World Record for the number of national flags raised in a city for 24 hours. On 28th April 2019, a total of 26,852 Lebanese flags were raised & beat a record held by New York’s Waterloo since 2000. The event was organized by the Beirut Alive Association (BAA) under the patronage of Prime Minister Saad Hariri. 11. Claire Polosak, who became the first female umpire to stand in a men’s ODI, is from which country? [A] West Indies [B] South Africa [C] New Zealand [D] Australia Correct Answer: D [Australia ] Notes: Claire Polosak from Australia created history by becoming the first female umpire to stand in a men’s One-Day International (ODI). On 27th April 2019, she has officiated the final of the World Cricket League Division 2, between Oman and Namibia, who both secured ODI status after finishing in the top two positions of the table. In all, Polosak has officiated 15 women’s ODIs, and was part of the team that stood in the 2018 ICC T20 Women’s World Cup, including in the semi-final between England and India. She also officiated in four matches at the ICC Women’s World Cup 2017. 12. What is the theme of the 2019 International Labour Day (ILD)? [A] Celebrating the International Labour Movement [B] Let’s value work by providing the jobless with start-up capital support [C] Sustainable Pension for all: The Role of Social Partners [D] Uniting Workers for Social and Economic Advancement Correct Answer: C [Sustainable Pension for all: The Role of Social Partners] Notes: The International Labour Day (ILD) is celebrated every year on 1st of May to honour the contribution of working men and women. The day aims to pay tribute to workers sacrifices in achieving economic and social rights all over the world. During industrialization at the beginning of the 19th Century, the industrialists used to exploit the labour class and made them work up to 15 hours a day. The workers rose against this exploitation and demanded paid leaves, proper wages and breaks for the workforce. Hence, the day marks the victory of the workers’ movement for eight hours of work. In India, the first

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Labour day or May Day was celebrated in 1923 in Chennai. The 2019 theme is – Sustainable Pension for all: The Role of Social Partners. 13. Negasso Gidada, who passed away recently, was the former President of which country? [A] Kenya [B] Ethiopia [C] Nigeria [D] Tanzania Correct Answer: B [Ethiopia] Notes: Dr. Negasso Gidada (75), the former President of Ethiopia, has passed away in Frankfurt, Germany on April 27, 2019. He was president between 1995 and 2001 and was the first head of state after Ethiopia adopted a new constitution transforming the country into a federal state, with increased autonomy given to the different regions. The role of president in Ethiopia is largely ceremonial, with the prime minister holding most of the power. 14. Which of the following countries is the biggest spender on military expenditure in 2018, as per new data by SIPRI?

[A] Russia Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [B] China [C] Saudi Arabia [D] United States Correct Answer: D [United States] Notes: According to latest data released by global think-tank Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), the total world military expenditure rose by 2.6% to $1,822 billion in 2018. As per new data, the United States is the world’s largest spender on defence in 2018, with a military expenditure almost equal to the next eight countries combined. China ($250 billion) has acquired 2nd position followed by Saudi Arabia ($67.6 billion), India ($66.5 billion) and France ($63.8 billion). The study found that the United States increased its military expenditure for the first time since 2010. China’s military spending rose for the 24th consecutive year. 15. The Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) is an autonomous body affiliated to which of the following union ministries? [A] Ministry of Civil Aviation [B] Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises [C] Ministry of Information and Broadcasting [D] Ministry of Coal Correct Answer: B [Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises] Notes: The Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) and Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) have signed a MoU for cooperation on various projects related to e-mobility. BHEL’s unique strength as technology developer and implementer and ARAI’s advanced facilities and expertise in design, testing and certification of mobility products, will generate synergies in implementing solutions for Electric & Trolley Bus, EV Chargers, Battery & Charger testing, etc. The ARAI is an autonomous body affiliated to the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises (MoHI&PE). The objectives of the Association are Research and Development in automotive engineering for industry, product design and development, evaluation of automotive equipment and ancillaries, standardization, technical information services, execution of advanced courses on the application of modern technology and conduct of specific tests. 16. Which of the following football clubs has clinched the 2019 Spanish La Liga title? [A] Manchester United [B] Levante UD [C] Barcelona FC

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [D] Liverpool Correct Answer: C [Barcelona FC] Notes: Barcelona FC has successfully defended its Spanish La Liga crown after beating Levante UD in the final at Camp Nou stadium in Barcelona on April 27, 2019. The club’s Argentine superstar and team captain Lionel Messi decided the game and scored the winning goal in the 61st minute in a 1–0 home win over Levante, which allowed Spanish club Barcelona to clinch the league title. This was Barcelona’s 26th La Liga league title and 8th in last 11 seasons. 17. India’s biggest stucco sculpture has recently unearthed in which of the following states? [A] Telangana [B] Andhra Pradesh [C] Tamil Nadu [D] Kerala Correct Answer: A [Telangana ] Notes: Archaeologists in Telangana have recently unearthed a rare life-sized stucco sculpture from a Buddhist site at Phanigiri in Suryapet. It is considered to be the biggest stucco sculpture found in the excavations in the country till date. The sculpture is Adarshabout Bansal | [email protected] metres in | height and 35 cm in width. According to officials of department of heritage, the sculpture represents one of the Bodhisattvas belonging to the Jathaka Chakra. It is believed that a life size stucco Bodhisattva was created nearly 1,700 years ago by craftsmen at Phanigiri at the peak of Ikshavaku dynasty rule. Apart from the life-sized stucco, these excavations brought to light a Mahastupa, apsidal chaitya grihas, votive stupas, pillared congregation halls, viharas, platforms with staircases at various levels, sculptural panels with Brahmi inscriptions, belonging to Satavahana period from first century BC, continued with Mahayana till the end of Ikshuvaka period and others in 3rd – 4th century AD. 18. Who is the head of the committee to implement the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP)? [A] Secretary at Union Environment Ministry [B] Minister of Home Affairs [C] Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change [D] Secretary at Ministry of Home Affairs Correct Answer: A [Secretary at Union Environment Ministry] Notes: The Union Environment Ministry has constituted a committee to implement the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP), which aims to reduce particulate matter (PM) pollution by 20%-30% in at least 102 cities by 2024. The committee will be chaired by the Secretary, Union Environment Ministry. The NCAP is envisioned as a five-year action plan with 2019 as the first year. There would be a review every five years. The purpose of the committee is to ensure inter-ministerial organisation and cooperation, share information and resolve issues that could arise between ministries. The NCAP requires cities to implement specific measures such as ensuring roads are pothole-free to improve traffic flow and thereby reduce dust (within 60 days) or ensuring strict action against unauthorised brick kilns (within 30 days). 19. Which country has recently honoured 1971 war hero Lt Gen JFR Jacob with a plaque on Ammunition Hill Wall of Honour ? [A] Russia [B] Israel [C] Bangladesh [D] Nepal Correct Answer: B [Israel ] Notes: Israel has recently honoured 1971 war hero Lt. Gen. (retd) Jack Farj Rafael (JFR) Jacob with a plaque on Ammunition Hill Wall of Honour in Jerusalem. Lt. Gen. Jacob, who died in 2016 at the age of 92 , negotiated the historic surrender of Pakistani troops in Dhaka after the 1971 Bangladesh’s liberation

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 war,. He was one of the most prominent members of India’s relatively small Jewish community, and also served as a Lieutenant General in the Indian Army and later as a Governor of two Indian states-Goa and Punjab. The Wall of Honour at the Ammunition Hill pays tributes to the heroism and courage of Jewish soldiers who fought in the defence of their countries they lived in implementing values of bravery, loyalty, commitment and dedication to a mission, leadership, creativity, camaraderie and sanctity of life. 20. Which hockey player has been nominated for the 2019 Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award? [A] Chinglensana Singh Kangujam [B] P R Sreejesh [C] Akashdeep Singh [D] Romesh Pathania Correct Answer: B [P R Sreejesh] Notes: Ace India goalkeeper P.R. Sreejesh has been nominated for the prestigious Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award by Hockey India. While, Midfielder Chinglensana Singh Kangujam and forward Akashdeep Singh and women’s team defender Deepika have been nominated for the Arjuna Award. Hockey India has also nominated R.P. Singh and Sandeep Kaur for Dhyan Chand Award for Lifetime Achievement, while coaches Baljeet Singh, B.S. Chauhan and Romesh Pathania have been proposed for Dronacharya Award.

21. Indo-French joint naval exercise ‘VarunaAdarsh Bansal 19.1’ | [email protected] has started | in which of the following places? [A] Tamil Nadu [B] Karnataka [C] Goa [D] Kerala Correct Answer: C [Goa] Notes: The first part of the Indo-French joint naval exercise – Varuna 19.1 – has started off the Goa coast from 1 to 10 May 2019. The exercise will see the participation of the French Navy’s aircraft carrier FNS Charles de Gaulle, two destroyers, FNS Forbin and FNS Provence, the frigate FNS Latouche-Treville, the tanker FNS Marne and a nuclear submarine. From the Indian side, the aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya, destroyer INS Mumbai, the Teg-class frigate, INS Tarkash, the Shishumar- class submarine, INS Shankul, and the Deepak- class fleet tanker, INS Deepak, are taking part in the exercise. The exercise is being conducted in two phases. The harbour phase at Goa would include cross-visits, professional interactions and discussions and sports events. The sea phase would comprise various exercises across the spectrum of maritime operations. The second part of the exercise – Varuna 19.2 – is scheduled to be held in May end in Djibouti. 22. Operation Swift Retort, which is in news recently, is associated to which of the following countries? [A] Sri Lanka [B] Afghanistan [C] India [D] Pakistan Correct Answer: D [Pakistan ] Notes: The Pakistan Air Force (PAF) has decided to observe its retaliatory action on February 27 against the Indian air strikes on the Balakot terror camp as ‘Operation Swift Retort’. The tensions between India and Pakistan had escalated after the 14th February 2019 attack by a Pakistan-based Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) suicide bomber in Pulwama that killed 40 CRPF soldiers. 13 days later, the Indian Air Force (IAF) carried out a counter-terror operation, hitting what it said was a JeM training camp in Balakot, deep inside Pakistan on February 26. The next day, the PAF retaliated and downed a MiG-21 in aerial combat and captured IAF Wing Commander Abhinandan Varthaman, who was later released and handed over to the Indian side on March 1. 23. Who has become the first non-British President of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC)? [A] Sachin Tendulkar

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [B] Kumar Sangakkara [C] Michael Clarke [D] Steve Waugh Correct Answer: B [Kumar Sangakkara] Notes: The former Sri Lanka batsman Kumar Sangakkara has become the first non-British President of Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC). He will begin his one-year tenure in October 2019 and will succeed Anthony Wreford. His tenure will include two England test matches against West Indies and Pakistan and the launch of The Hundred competition – the England and Wales Cricket Board’s new 100-ball cricket format. MCC, which owns Lord’s and acts as the guardian of the laws of the game, was founded in 1787 and lists 168 presidents in its history. 24. The headquarters of Water and Power Consultancy Services (India) Limited (WAPCOS) is located in which of the following cities? [A] New Delhi [B] Dehradun [C] Shimla

[D] Chandigarh Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Correct Answer: A [New Delhi] Notes: The Dredging Corporation of India Limited (DCIL) has inked a MoU with Water & Power Consultancy Services (India) Limited (WAPCOS) to jointly identify suitable future projects and carry out geotechnical investigation and engineering consultancy.The two firms will work together to explore projects in water resources, power and infrastructure, port and harbour dredging, shallow water dredging, beach nourishment, lake rehabilitation, flood management, erosion control, river morphology and other related sectors. WAPCOS is a mini ratna PSU under the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation. The headquarters of WAPCOS is located at New Delhi. 25. The 8th Asian Youth Women Handball Championship is scheduled to be held in which of the following Indian cities? [A] Kanpur [B] Indore [C] New Delhi [D] Jaipur Correct Answer: D [Jaipur] Notes: In Rajasthan, the 8th Asian Youth Women Handball Championship is scheduled to be held in Jaipur, in which 10 teams, including defending champions South Korea, will be participating. It is the first time that the prestigious tournament would be played in the Pink city from August 21 to 30. Earlier, Delhi had hosted it in 2015 where the hosts India had finished seventh. The tournament has been dominated by South Korea who has emerged champion in the all the 7 editions of the tournament held so far. The previous edition in 2017 was held at Jakarta in Indonesia where South Korea was the champion while Japan and China were placed second and third respectively. 26. Which country has become India’s top crude oil supplier in 2018-19 fiscal year? [A] Iraq [B] Saudi Arabia [C] Iran [D] UAE Correct Answer: A [Iraq ] Notes: For the second year in a row, Iraq has become India’s top crude oil supplier in 2018-19 fiscal year and meet more than a fifth of the country’s oil needs. According to official data sourced from the Directorate General of Commercial Intelligence and Statistics, Iraq sold 46.61 million tonnes (mt) of crude oil to India

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 during April 2018 and March 2019, which is 2% more than 45.74 mt it had supplied in 2017-18 fiscal. Saudi Arabia also maintained its position as the 2nd-largest crude supplier to India during the year followed by Iran and United Arab Emirates (UAE) which toppled Venezuela to become India’s fourth largest crude supplier. Despite US sanctions on Iran, the country’s crude oil supply to India increased 6.24% to 24 MT in 2018-19. India managed to import a sizeable amount of Iranian crude last year primarily due to waivers and winding down period provided by US. 27. Mawmluh cave, sometimes seen in news , is associated to which of the following states? [A] Meghalaya [B] Arunachal Pradesh [C] Nagaland [D] Mizoram Correct Answer: A [Meghalaya] Notes: In Meghalaya, the Geological Survey of India (GSI) North Eastern Region (NER) has recently installed two geological display boards at two important geological sites in the State with geo-scientific information which will help in creating awareness among visiting tourists, students and the general public. The boards are unvieled at two important geological sites in the State namely Mawmluh cave and Therriaghat, Sobhar in East Khasi Hill District. The stalagmite in the Mawmluh cave has been tagged a Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP).Adarsh It Bansal makes | [email protected] it first formally | ratified marker of a geological time period in India. The Um-Sohryngkew (Wahrew) river section at Therriaghat is known for having the most complete records of Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary transition in India. There is also a high level of iridium metal from the boundary which marks catastrophic event when a giant meteorite hit earth. The Meghalayan Age period began about 4200 years ago experienced an abrupt mega-drought and cooling around the world. 28. SEBI has barred which stock exchange from securities market for 6 months on co-location case? [A] BSE [B] NASDAQ [C] NSE [D] London Stock Exchange Correct Answer: C [NSE] Notes: On 30th April 2019, Market regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) barred the National Stock Exchange from raising money on the securities market directly or indirectly for six months on the collocation case. This means the NSE will not able to access the capital market in terms of IPO during this period. The regulator has also asked the exchange to disgorge around Rs 1,000 crore (i.e. Rs 624.89 crore plus 12% interest) from April 1, 2014 to the SEBI’s Investor Protection and Education Fund (IPEF). As per 104-page SEBI order, NSE has committed a fraudulent and unfair trade practice as contemplated under the SEBI (PFUTP) Regulations and has not exercised the requisite due diligence while putting in place the TBT architecture. Here, PFUTP refers to Prohibition of Fraudulent and Unfair Trade Practices rules. Tick-by-Tick (TBT) is a data feed that which provides information regarding every change in the order book on the NSE. The Co-location refers to the system wherein a broker’s server is kept in the exchange premises to reduce latency (or delay in computing terms) while executing trades. 29. The 2019 edition of International Jazz Day (IJD) was launched by UNESCO in which of the following countries? [A] India [B] Australia [C] New Zealand [D] Canada Correct Answer: B [Australia ] Notes: The International Jazz Day (IZD) is celebrated around the world on April 30 every year to raise awareness in the international community of the virtues of jazz as an educational tool, and a force for

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 peace, unity, dialogue and enhanced cooperation among people. In 2011, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) officially designated April 29 as International Jazz Day in order to highlight jazz and its diplomatic role of uniting people in all corners of the globe. The 2019 edition was launched in Melbourne, Australia and celebrated in more than 190 countries around the world. 30. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of World Press Freedom Day (WPFD)? [A] Media for Democracy: Journalism and Elections in Times of Disinformation [B] Keeping Power in Check: Media, Justice and the Rule of Law [C] Access to Information and Fundamental Freedoms [D] New Voices: Media Freedom Helping to Transform Societies Correct Answer: A [Media for Democracy: Journalism and Elections in Times of Disinformation] Notes: The World Press Freedom Day (WPFD) is observed every year on 3rd May as an opportunity to celebrate the fundamental principles of press freedom, assess the state of press freedom throughout the world, defend the media from attacks on their independence, and pay tribute to journalists who have lost their lives in the line of duty. The 2019 theme “Media for Democracy: Journalism and Elections in Times of Disinformation”, discusses current challenges faced by media in elections and its potential in supporting peace and reconciliation processes. The 26th celebration of World Press Freedom Day (WPED-2019) is jointly organized by UNESCO, African UnionAdarsh Bansal Commission | [email protected] and | the Government of Ethiopia. The main event is being held at the African Union Headquarters at Addis Ababa. 31. Generalized System of Preference (GSP), sometimes seen in news, is associated to which of the following countries? [A] Japan [B] United States [C] China [D] France Correct Answer: B [United States] Notes: The Generalized System of Preference (GSP) is the largest and oldest US trade preference programme and is designed to promote economic development by allowing duty-free entry for thousands of products from designated beneficiary countries. Recently, it is in news because a group of 25 influential American lawmakers has urged the US Trade Representative – Robert Lighthizer – not to terminate the GSP programme after the expiry of the 60-day notice on 3rd May 2019. They argued that terminating GSP for India would hurt American companies seeking to expand their exports to India. They also urged to continue negotiating a deal that protects and promotes jobs that rely on trade – both imports and exports – with India. President Donald Trump announced on March 4, the US intends to terminate India’s designations as a beneficiary developing country under the GSP programme. 32. Where is the headquarters of International Press Institute (IPI)? [A] Washington [B] Berlin [C] Vienna [D] New York Correct Answer: C [Vienna] Notes: On the occasion of World Press Freedom Day (WPFD-2019), Vienna-based International Press Institute (IPI) said in its latest report that as many as 55 journalists have been killed since May 2018. Press freedom globally is under intense and growing pressure, as illiberal-minded governments seek to shut down critical voices and, in many cases, deliberately erode the credibility of independent media. According to a global network of journalists, Governments across the world are increasingly clamping down on press freedom as new laws are being enacted to curtail media independence. around the world. While on the one hand governments are attempting to curtail press freedom, on the other journalists around the world are being killed with impunity.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 33. Which Indian wrestler has won gold in the men’s 65kg freestyle at the 2019 Ali Aliyev wrestling tournament? [A] Mausam Khatri [B] Bajrang Punia [C] Rahul Aware [D] Sumit Malik Correct Answer: B [Bajrang Punia] Notes: World No. 1 Bajrang Punia won the gold at the 2019 Ali Aliyev wrestling tournament. In the final of men’s 65kg freestyle, he defeated Viktor Rassadin inin Kaspiisk, Russia on May 2. Bajrang got the better of the local favourite 13-8 in his final bout after being down 0-5 at one stage. The 25-year-old Indian grappler had won a gold medal last week at the Asian Championships in Xi’an, China. 34. Who has been appointed as first independent woman director of Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)? [A] Rajeshree Sabnavis [B] Pooja Dhanda [C] Jayshree Vyas Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [D] Usha Sangwan Correct Answer: C [Jayshree Vyas] Notes: M Jayshree Vyas, a professionally-qualified chartered accountant, has been appointed as the first independent woman director of Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Though still late by at least a few weeks from the deadline of April 1 given to all top 500 listed companies based on their market capitalisation for appointing an independent woman director on their board. The delay happened as BSE was awaiting market regulator SEBI’s approval on the appointment. As of April 6, 51 of the top 500 NSE-listed companies by market capitalisation (including BSE) did not have independent woman director, according to nseinfobase.com run by Prime Database. In March alone, about 50 companies made a beeline to appoint an independent woman director. BSE already has two non-executive women directors namely Usha Sangwan and Rajeshree Sabnavis on its Board. The Companies Act of 2013 mandates a certain class of companies to have at least one woman director on board. SEBIs, in compliance with the Companies Act 2013, made it compulsory to have at least one woman on a board from October 2014. 35. On which date, the World Tuna Day (WTD-2019) is observed recently? [A] May 1 [B] May 4 [C] May 2 [D] May 3 Correct Answer: C [May 2] Notes: The World Tuna Day (WTD) is observed every year on May 2 to highlight the importance of sustainably managed fish stocks in achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Tuna and tuna-like species are very important economically — to both developed and developing countries — and a significant source of food. They include approximately 40 species occurring in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans and in the Mediterranean Sea. They are remarkable fish. Tuna can jump high out of the water; they travel in huge schools; they are warm-blooded. They have been known to team up with dolphins for protection from sharks. As a result of the amazing qualities of tuna, the fish are threatened by an overwhelming demand. Hence, WTD highlights the importance of reversing the decline in the health of the Ocean to ensure sustainable management of marine life, such as tuna, which we are so dependent on. It is an important step in recognizing the critical role of tuna to sustainable development, food security, economic opportunity, and livelihoods of people around the world. 36. Bharat Fibre, which is in news recently, is associated to which of the following telecom companies? [A] BSNL

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [B] Reliance Jio [C] Vodafone [D] Airtel Correct Answer: A [BSNL ] Notes: State-owned telecom firm BSNL has become the first operator to start optical fibre-based high-speed broadband service in Pulwama with launch of ‘Bharat Fibre’. This is the first such FTTH (fibre-to-the- home) service deployment in the (Kashmir) Valley under this unique revenue share model. The Bharat Fibre services are provided on the optical fibre right up to the customer premises. This service has been launched in a business partnership model with the local channel partner of Pulwama area, on a revenue sharing basis. BSNL provides FTTH service with a monthly charge in the range of Rs 777-16,999 in over 160 telecom districts with a minimum speed of 2 megabit per second (mbps). 37. As per which UNSC committee, JeM chief Masood Azhar has been designated as global terrorist? [A] UNSC 1267 Committee [B] UNSC 1265 Committee [C] UNSC 1266 Committee [D] UNSC 1268 Committee Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Correct Answer: A [UNSC 1267 Committee] Notes: In a major diplomatic victory for India, Jaish-e-Mohammad chief Masood Azhar was listed as a designated terrorist by the UN Security Council 1267 Committee on 1st May 2019 after China lifted its block on the move. The move will lead to sanctions on Azhar’s travel and his ability to secure finance for his group. Significantly, the reasons for listing did not mention the Pulwama attack of February 14, for which the JeM had claimed responsibility. The reasons for designating Azhar as a terrorist as per latest listing included his support for the JeM since its founding, being associated with the Al-Qaeda by recruiting for them and “participating in the financing, planning, facilitating, preparing, or perpetrating of acts or activities or supplying, selling or transferring arms and related material”. It also pointed to his role in recruiting fighters in Afghanistan. The JeM itself was sanctioned by the 1267 Committee in 2001. A UNSC designation will subject Azhar to an assets freeze, travel ban and an arms embargo. An assets freeze under the sanctions committee requires that all states freeze without delay the funds and other financial assets or economic resources of designated individuals and entities. 38. The Government of India (GoI) has signed a MoU with which IIT to set up a Centre of Excellence for Waste to Wealth Technologies? [A] IIT Indore [B] IIT Bombay [C] IIT Delhi [D] IIT Kanpur Correct Answer: C [IIT Delhi] Notes: To commemorate the 150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, the Office of the Principal Scientific Adviser (PSA) to the Government of India and IIT Delhi have signed an MoU to set up a Centre of Excellence for Waste to Wealth Technologies for implementation of sustainable, scientific and technological solutions for waste management, through validation and deployment of available technologies for transformation of waste to wealth. The waste to wealth mission project has been approved under the recently constituted Prime Minister’s Science Technology and Innovation Advisory Council (PM-STIAC). The partnership will provide an effective platform for stakeholders to bring together integrated approaches for effective recycle, reuse and resource recovery of waste. 39. Which of the following parliaments has become the first in the world to declare climate emergency? [A] United Kingdom [B] United States

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [C] Japan [D] Germany Correct Answer: A [United Kingdom] Notes: The United Kingdom Parliament has become the first national legislative body in the world to pass national declaration (or motion) of an Environment and climate emergency. The move comes a week after 16-year-old Swedish student Greta Thunberg addressed UK lawmakers to demand more climate action, and in the wake of protests by climate action group Extinction Rebellion, who blocked major landmarks in London. Thus, the symbolic move recognizes the urgency needed to combat the climate crisis. The move will increase pressure on the government and is demanding that the country takes action to help avoid more than 1.5 degrees centigrade of warming, requiring global emissions to be cut by almost half of 2010 levels by 2030. It also calls for the government to work towards carbon neutrality before 2050 and for ministers to draft proposals within the next six months to restore the country’s environment and create a “zero waste economy”. 40. Which of the following state city police has launched an all-women police patrol unit ‘Rani Abbakka Force’? [A] Karnataka [B] Tamil Nadu Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [C] Kerala [D] Andhra Pradesh Correct Answer: A [Karnataka] Notes: Mangaluru City Police has launched an all-women police patrol unit ‘Rani Abbakka Force’ for the protection of women and children. The force will cover the malls, beaches, educational institutions, places of religious importance, and public transport system in the city. It will handle issues related to eve-teasing and chain-snatching, among others. The all-women police patrol force has been named after the 16th century warrior of coastal Karnataka, Queen Abbakka of Ullal near Mangaluru, who fought the Portuguese in the 16th century. At present, 50 women policewomen have been deployed in ‘Rani Abbakka Force’ in the city, with each patrol team having five policewomen. The Rani Abbakka Force was also launched by the Udupi district police recently. 41. Who led the Indian delegation at the 16th Ministerial Meeting of Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD-2019)? [A] Rajnath Singh [B] Sushma Swaraj [C] V K Singh [D] Piyush Goyal Correct Answer: C [V K Singh] Notes: The 16th Ministerial Meeting of Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD-2019) was held in Doha, Qatar from April 30-May 2 with theme “Partners in Progress”. Gen. (Dr) V.K. Singh (Retd), Minister of State for External Affairs led the Indian delegation. In his address, the Minister expressed profound sorrow for April 21 terrorist attacks in Sri Lanka and emphasized the need for the world community to expeditiously adopt the UN Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism (UNCCIT). On the basis of 2019 theme, Dr. Singh underlined India’s desire for working cooperatively with all ACD Member States in line with the Government of India’s approach of “Collective Efforts, Inclusive Growth”. He also urged the Member States to join the International Solar Alliance launched in November 2015. 42. Which former ISRO chief has been bestowed with France’s highest civilian award? [A] U Ramachandra Rao [B] G Madhavan Nair [C] A S Kiran Kumar [D] Satish Dhawan

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Correct Answer: C [A S Kiran Kumar] Notes: Former ISRO chairman A S Kiran Kumar has been conferred with France’s highest civilian award – Chevalier de l’Ordre national de la Lgion d’Honneur – for his contribution to India-France space cooperation. Throughout his career at the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), including as its chairman from 2015 to 2018, Kumar fostered the historic and ambitious space cooperation between India and France. The Ordre national de la Lgion d’Honneur (National Order of the Legion of Honour) was created in 1802 by Napoleon Bonaparte, and is the highest civilian award given by the French for outstanding service to France, regardless of the nationality of the recipient. The President of the French Republic is the Grand Master of the Ordre national de la Lgion d’Honneur. 43. Which of the following banks has become the first Indian bank to link interest rates to RBI’s repo rate? [A] PNB [B] BoB [C] BoI [D] SBI Correct Answer: D [SBI] Notes: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | The State Bank of India (SBI) has become the first bank in the country to link its saving and loan interest rates to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)’s repo rate. The move assumes significance as the effective interest rate from May 1 on savings deposit above Rs 1 lakh will come down to 3.25% from 3.5%. Though, the linking of short-term loans like overdraft and cash credit facility with limit of above Rs 1 lakh will now attract an interest rate close to 8.25%. Hence, the interest rates on large SBI savings account deposits and interest rate on some short-term loans will automatically change as and when RBI changes its repo rate. This will help in better transmission of RBI’s policy rates into the banking system. 44. Master Hirannaiah, who passed away recently, was the noted personality of which regional theatre? [A] Tamil [B] Kannada [C] Telugu [D] Odia Correct Answer: B [Kannada ] Notes: Master Hirannaiah (85), the noted Kannada theatre personality, passed away in Bengaluru, Karnataka on May 2, 2019. He was well known for his caustic barbs on the political class dipped in humour on stage from late 1960s. Hailing from Mysuru, Narasimha Murthy was the son of theatre thespian K. Hirannaiah, who started K. Hirannaiah Mitra Mandali. He took on the stage name Master Hirannaiah after his debut in his childhood. His mega hit play was “Lanchavatara” with which he pioneered a freewheeling style, including a commentary on the day’s politics and making the play new with every staging. His other famous plays include Double Thaali, Kanya Daana, Sanyasi Samsara, Chamachavathara, Haasyadalli Ulta Palta, Kapil Mushti, Nadubidi Narayana, Bhrashtachara and Anaachaara. Based on these successes, he had starred in many Kannada language movies and TV shows. 45. Who has been appointed as the Officer on Special Duty (OSD) in the office of Lokpal? [A] Mahender Singh [B] Ajay Kumar Tripathi [C] Abhilasha Kumari [D] Dilip Kumar Correct Answer: D [Dilip Kumar] Notes: Dilip Kumar, a 1995-batch IAS officer of Punjab cadre, has been appointed as the Officer on Special Duty (OSD) in the office of Lokpal. He has been appointed for a period of six months on additional charge basis or till a new incumbent joins the post. It is perhaps the first official appointment of a bureaucrat in

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Lokpal. Prior to this post, he was joint secretary at National Human Rights Commission (NHRC). Earlier, on 23rd March 2019, President Ram Nath Kovind administered the oath of office to Justice Pinaki Chandra Ghose as the chairperson of the anti-corruption ombudsman. According to the rules, there is a provision for a chairperson and a maximum of 8 members in the Lokpal panel. Of these, four need to be judicial members. 46. King Maha Vajiralongkorn, who is in news recently, is from which country? [A] Thailand [B] Japan [C] Vietnam [D] Indonesia Correct Answer: A [Thailand ] Notes: King Maha Vajiralongkorn has been crowned as the Rama X of Thailand in a dazzling show of pageantry on behalf of the Thai people. This marked the first ascension of a new monarch in seven decades. The key rituals of the elaborate 3-day coronation ceremony began at the Grand Palace in Bangkok on May 4, 2019. King Vajiralongkorn is the 10th monarch of the Chakri dynasty, which has reigned since 1782. The last coronation was held in 1950 for the king’s father Bhumibol Adulyadej. Thailand has been run by an arch-royalist junta since 2014. The monarchy takes primacy in the country but it is buttressed by the army. Thailand has a constitutional monarchyAdarsh Bansal since | [email protected] 1932, but the| royal family is highly revered by Thais and wields considerable power. Thailand also has strict laws, called lese majeste, which ban criticism of the monarchy. The laws have shielded the royal family from public view and scrutiny. 47. On which date, the 2019 edition of International Firefighters’ Day (IFFD) is observed recently? [A] May 4 [B] May 3 [C] May 5 [D] May 2 Correct Answer: A [May 4 ] Notes: The International Firefighters’ Day (IFFD) is observed every year on May 4 to recognize and honour the sacrifices that firefighters make to ensure that our communities and environment are as safe as possible. It was instituted after a proposal was emailed out across the world on January 4, 1999 due to the deaths of five firefighters in tragic circumstances in a bushfire in Australia. The day is dedicated to thanks all firefighters for their extraordinary commitment, exceptional courage and for their selfless service. 48. Who has been appointed as NATO’s Supreme Allied Commander in Europe (SACEUR)? [A] Stuart Peach [B] Tod Wolters [C] Knud Bartels [D] Walter E. Gaskin Correct Answer: B [Tod Wolters] Notes: US Air Force General Tod Wolters has been sworn-in as the top military officer of the 29-nation NATO military alliance. He became Supreme Allied Commander in Europe (SACEUR) at a ceremony on Friday at NATO’s military headquarters in Mons, southern Belgium. Wolters succeeded General Curtis M. Scaparrotti. His term is likely to run two to three years, and will also be commander of U.S. forces in Europe. The NATO post of SACEUR is always held by an American military officer. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries. 49. Which Indian sportswomen has attained the World No. 1 position in the women’s 10m air rifle event? [A] Manu Bhaker

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [B] Anisa Sayyed [C] Apurvi Chandela [D] Anjum Moudgil Correct Answer: C [Apurvi Chandela] Notes: According to the latest rankings released by the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF), Indian shooting ace Apurvi Chandela from Jaipur has recently attained the world number 1 position in the women’s 10m air rifle event. Beside her, Anjum Moudgil also occupied the World No 2 spot in the same event to make it a one-two for India. Both the shooters have already secured the 2020 Tokyo Olympics quotas for the country. 50. The TePe Sigeman & Co International tournament is associated to which of the following sports? [A] Judo [B] Tennis [C] Swimming [D] Chess Correct Answer: D [Chess] Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Notes: In chess, the TePe Sigeman & Co International tournament has started in Malmo, Sweden on May 3. According to the World Chess Federation(FIDE), the tournament will have 8 players with an average rating of 2663, making it a Category 17 tournament. The field is led by the India No. 2 Grand Master Pentala Harikrishna. Harikrishna will open his campaign against Persson while Nihal Sarin is set to meet Saric in the opener. In it, 14-year old Indian Grandmaster Nihal is training his sight to become the youngest Indian to break the 2600 rating barrier from this event. Nihal goes into the tournament with a live rating of 2598. He hopes to break the Indian record set by Parimarjan Negi almost a decade back in 2009. 51. Which Indian squash player has won the women’s title at the 2019 Asian Individual Squash Championship? [A] Anwesha Reddy [B] Dipika Pallikal Karthik [C] Joshna Chinappa [D] Misha Grewal Correct Answer: C [Joshna Chinappa] Notes: Ace Indian squash players Saurav Ghoshal and Joshna Chinappa won their respective Asian Individual Squash Championship titles in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia on May 6. Saurav Ghoshal defeated Leo Au Chun Ming of Hong Kong 11-9, 11-2, 11-8 to win the men’s title. On the other hand, Joshna Chinappa retained her title as she beat top seed Annie Au of Hong Kong, 11-5, 6-11, 11-8, 11-6 in the women’s final event. Ghoshal who had become the first Indian male player to reach top ten of the world rankings is the finalist of the previous edition. 52. Duti Krushna Panda, who passed away recently, was the veteran politician of which party? [A] CPI [B] INC [C] BJP [D] BSP Correct Answer: A [CPI] Notes: Duti Krushna Panda (97), the veteran CPI leader and former Lok Sabha member, has passed away in Bhubaneswar, Odisha on May 5, 2019. Panda was elected to Lok Sabha from Bhanjanagara Parliamentary Constituency (presently Aska) in 1971. He was also elected to the state assembly from Aska seat in 1990. He was actively associated with several trade unions and was the founder president of Odisha

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Anganwardi Workers’ Association. Panda was state secretary and president of CPI and AITUC, respectively. He was also the president of Ganjam district sugar growers’ association. 53. What is the theme of the Indian Pavilion at the 58th Venice Biennale 2019? [A] Swami Vivekananda & his preaching [B] Hundred and Fifty years of Mahatma Gandhi [C] Tribute to Madam Bhikaji Cama [D] India since Independence Correct Answer: B [Hundred and Fifty years of Mahatma Gandhi] Notes: After 8 years, India will once again mark its presence at the art world’s oldest Biennale in Venice, Italy that begins on 11th May 2019. The overarching theme at the 58th Venice Biennale 2019 is ‘Our Time for a Future Caring’, and India has decided to showcase Father of Nation Mahatma Gandhi to ensure a memorable show at the art event. In it, 16 of the 400 Haripura posters will go up on the walls of the India pavilion with the theme ‘Hundred and Fifty years of Mahatma Gandhi’. This will be the second time India will have a pavilion of its own at one of the biggest art events in the world. The India pavilion is curated by the Kiran Nadar Museum of Art (KNMA), and commissioned by the National Gallery of Modern Art (NGMA). The India Pavilion will revisit through diverse art forms, the indelible memory of Mahatma Gandhi, his philosophical ideas, and the many facets of Gandhi that continue to inspire, provoke and challenge the public, intellectuals and artistsAdarsh Bansal | [email protected]. In 1938, | Mahatma Gandhi commissioned Indian modern artist Nandalal Bose to create paintings portraying different aspects of Indian life to be displayed at the Indian National Congress’ session in Haripura, Gujarat. 54. Which IIT has tied up with e-Governance Services India Limited to upscale Unnat Bharat Abhiyan? [A] IIT Delhi [B] IIT Indore [C] IIT Kanpur [D] IIT Bombay Correct Answer: C [IIT Kanpur] Notes: Common Service Centre’s (CSC) e-Governance Services India Limited has tied up with Indian Institute of Technology (IIT)-Kanpur to upscale ‘Unnat Bharat Abhiyan’, which is an initiative of the Ministry of HRD. It aims to find solutions to accelerate sustainable growth in rural India. Under the Unnat Bharat Abhiyan, IIT-Kanpur has brought together 15 leading higher education institutions from Uttar Pradesh. These institutions have agreed to work with CSC for the development of villages under the scheme. IIT Kanpur has adopted five villages — Hridayapur, Baikanthpur, Ishwariganj, Pratappur Hari and Saxupurva — situated on the outskirts of Kanpur for its overall development. The e-Governance Services India is a special purpose vehicle under the Ministry of Electronics & IT. 55. Which space agency has revealed that giant asteroid 99942 Apophis is expected to fly close to Earth in a decade? [A] NASA [B] Roscosmos [C] JAXA [D] CNES Correct Answer: A [NASA] Notes: According to the latest data from US space agency NASA, the giant asteroid named 99942 Apophis is expected to approach dangerously close to the Earth on April 13, 2029. However, there is no need to worry as it will be about 31,000km away from the surface of the Earth. This is going to be a great opportunity for asteroid scientists as it’s relatively rare for such a large object to pass so close to the Earth. The colossal asteroid is named after the Egyptian god of chaos and destruction. Apophis was discovered in 2004 by U.S. astronomers. Since then, optical and radar telescopes have tracked Apophis as it continues on its orbit around the sun, so scientists know well its future trajectory. Current calculations shows that Apophis still has a small chance of impacting earth.

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 56. Which Indian journalist has won the 2018 ACJ Award for Investigative Journalism in print/online category? [A] Nilita Vachani [B] Nikita Saxena [C] Neha Dixit [D] Nileena MS Correct Answer: D [Nileena MS] Notes: Journalist Nileena MS, a reporting fellow with The Caravan, has won the prestigious ACJ Award for Investigative Journalism in print/online category for the year 2018. She won the award for her story titled “Coalgate 2.0: The Adani Group reaps benefits worth thousands of crores of rupees as the coal scam continues under the Modi government”. Her investigative piece revealed how a joint venture between Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam Limited and Adani Enterprises Limited continues to function on the basis of agreements that pre-date a landmark Supreme Court judgement from September 2014. The ACJ award comprises a trophy, citation and a cash prize of Rs 2 lakh. The award is given by the Asian College of Journalism with the support of the Media Development Foundation to recognise and encourage the best works of investigative journalism produced for Indian readers, viewers and audiences in order to promote journalism in the public interest. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | 57. INS Vela, which is launched under Indian Navy’s Project-75, is the joint venture of India and which of the following countries? [A] United States [B] France [C] Germany [D] Russia Correct Answer: B [France] Notes: The fourth of Indian Navy’s stealth Scorpene class Submarines of Project 75, INS Vela has recently launched for trials at the Kanhoji Angre Wet Basin of Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) in Mumbai. The submarines are being built at Mazagon Dock Limited, with the main collaborator being M/s Naval group, France. The INS Vela is the 4th of the six Scorpene submarines that has completed its out fittings at MDL. The Scorpene-class submarine in the Indian Navy has been termed as the Kalvari-class. In 2005, a contract was signed between French DCNS (now Naval Group) and MDL under Indian Navy’s Project-75 for the supply of six submarines. Of the six submarines, INS Kalvari was commissioned in December 2018 while INS Khanderi and INS Karanj are are in advanced stages to join the Navy fleet. The remaining two — INS Vagir and INS Vagsheer are in the in the “advanced stages of manufacturing” at the Mazagon Dock. The contract is expected to be completed by 2020. The Kalvari class is a class of diesel-electric attack submarines based on the Scorpene-class submarine being built for the Indian Navy. 58. Bandana, who set a new Guinness World Record on ‘Longest Dancing Marathon by an Individual’, is from which country? [A] India [B] Nepal [C] Sri Lanka [D] Pakistan Correct Answer: B [Nepal] Notes: A Nepali teenager, Bandana Nepal (18) has set a new Guinness World Record on ‘Longest Dancing Marathon by an Individual’ by dancing continuously for 126 hours (over 5 days). She received the official confirmation from the Guinness Records on 3rd May 2019. Bandana set the record by doing a solo dance on Nepali music for 126 hours in the hall of Big Foodland restaurant in Kathmandu on November 23, 2018. Hails from Dhankuta district in eastern Nepal, she also owns a youth organisation named Bandana Nepal Foundation. The organization works for uplift of poor women in Nepal. Bandana beat the record set by a Kerala-based woman named Kalamandalam Hemalatha in 2011. Known as ‘the Dancing Queen of Kerala’, Hemalatha performed the Mohiniattam, a classical dance form continuously for 123 hours and 15

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 minutes. 59. Which country is the current chair of the 2019 G-7 summit? [A] France [B] India [C] Chile [D] Australia Correct Answer: A [France] Notes: India is officially invited to Group of 7 (G-7) industrialized nations summit along with Australia, Chile and South Africa. The summit is scheduled to be held in Biarritz, France in August 24-25, 2019. According to analysts, the invitation clearly reflects the strong strategic connect between India and France. And also, the invitation to Australia, France and Chile besides India reflects the French emphasis on the Indian Ocean and the Pacific region. The G-7 groups together the US, Britain, France, Italy, Canada, Japan and Germany. This is not first time that India will be present at this exclusive club. In 2005, the then Prime Minister Manmohan Singh had attended the G-8 +5 meet in Gleneagles in Scotland at the invitation of then British prime minister Tony Blair. 60. What is the theme of the 2019 World Asthma Day (WAD)? [A] Better air better breathing Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [B] You Can Control Your Asthma [C] Understanding asthma [D] Stop for Asthma Correct Answer: D [Stop for Asthma] Notes: The World Asthma Day (WAD) is celebrated every year on first Tuesday of May to increase awareness about asthma and aims to improve the lives of people with asthma across the world. Asthma is a chronic disease of the lungs which causes breathing problems. Asthma usually appears through symptoms like coughing, tightness in the chest, breathlessness. The 2019 WAD is observed on 7th of May with theme ‘Stop for Asthma’. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), there are 235 million people currently suffering from asthma around the world. Asthma is one of the major non-communicable diseases and it is also the most common chronic disease in children. Regular exercise can help reduce asthma symptoms. 61. Who is the newly appointed Prime Minister of Mali? [A] Michel Sidibe [B] Malick Coulibaly [C] Boubou Cisse [D] Tiebile Drame Correct Answer: C [Boubou Cisse ] Notes: In Mali, President Ibrahim Boubacar Keita has recently announced the new government of 37 members under Prime Minister Boubou Cisse after its predecessor resigned last month. Last week, Cisse signed a pact with opposition and majority party representatives declaring their willingness to set up a politically-inclusive new government. Cisse’s predecessor Soumeylou Boubeye Maiga and his entire cabinet resigned on April 18 following the massacre of some 160 members of the Fulani herding community on March 23 in the village of Ogossagou near Mali’s border with Burkina Faso. Tens of thousands of people took to the streets on April 5 to protest against an upsurge of violence that has claimed around 600 lives. 62. Who of the following Indians are among 115 UN personnel staff honoured for sacrifice in line of duty? [A] Sunny Rajput & Sukhpreet Kaur [B] Prithvi Shaw & Manju Sharma [C] Jitender Kumar & Shikha Garg

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [D] Narendra Singh Rathore & Neha Gupta Correct Answer: C [Jitender Kumar & Shikha Garg] Notes: Two Indians – an Indian police officer Jitender Kumar deployed to the UN mission in Congo and a consultant Shikha Garg with the UN development programme, killed in the Ethiopian Airlines plane crash, are among 115 UN peacekeepers and staff honoured by the global organisation for their sacrifice. They lost their lives in the service of peace between January 2018 and March 2019. UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres, along with top UN officials and Peacekeeping personnel paid tribute to 115 peacekeepers from 43 different nations, who sacrificed their lives in the line of duty at the solemn ceremony on May 5, 2019. 63. ‘GRIHA for Existing Day Schools’, which is in news recently, is associated to which of the following issues? [A] Mid Day Meal [B] Quality Education [C] Environment [D] All of the above Correct Answer: C [Environment] Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Notes: In a bid to evaluate the environmental performance of existing schools across India, the Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) Council has recently released a rating tool ‘GRIHA for Existing Day Schools’. The rating tool will work as an integrated tool to evaluate performance and provide solutions for enhanced energy and water efficiencies, increased thermal and visual comfort, and decreased operational and maintenance costs. The purpose of the rating is to familiarize the students with the concepts of sustainability by involving them, under the guidance of their teachers, on evaluating the environmental impact of schools on the environment. Through the rating process, students and teachers will get an opportunity to establish contact with nature and with each other using the approach of co-creation and understanding. 64. INS Ranjit, which is recently decommissioned by Indian Navy, was built by which of the countries? [A] USSR [B] United States [C] France [D] Germany Correct Answer: A [USSR] Notes: Frontline missile destroyer of the Indian Navy ‘INS Ranjit’ has recently decommissioned at a solemn ceremony at the Naval Dockyard in Visakhapatnam, after serving the Indian navy for 36 years. INS Ranjit is the third of the five Kashin-class destroyers built by the erstwhile USSR and was commissioned on September 15 1983 by Captain Vishnu Bhagwat . Since being commissioned, INS Ranjit has sailed for 2,190 days, covering over 7,43,000 nautical miles, equivalent to navigating around the world 35 times and 3.5 times the distance from the earth to the moon. The ship was at the forefront of major naval operations and served on both the Eastern and Western seaboards. Apart from naval operations like ‘Op Talwar’ and various multinational exercises, the ship participated in relief operations post Tsunami in 2004 and Hud-hud on 2014. In recognition of the service rendered by INS Ranjit to the nation, the ship was awarded Unit Citations by the Chief of Naval Staff in 2003-04 and in 2009-10. 65. Who has been elected as the new President of Panama? [A] Dahirou Dembele [B] Laurentino Cortizo [C] Ricardo Arias [D] Jose Miguel Aleman Correct Answer: B [Laurentino Cortizo] Notes:

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) https://telegram.me/pdf4exams https://telegram.me/ias201819 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Laurentino Cortizo has been declared the winner of 2019 presidential election of Panama. The 2019 elections have been dominated by pledges to fight corruption and to tackle Panama’s image as a money- laundering country. Cortizo is the candidate for Panama’s Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD). His party was founded by military ruler Omar Torrijos in 1979, and has been out of power since 2009. 66. Who has been sworn-in as the new Chief Justice of Chhattisgarh High Court? [A] Subhash Reddy [B] A S Dave [C] PR Ramachandra Menon [D] Hemant Gupta Correct Answer: C [PR Ramachandra Menon] Notes: Justice PR Ramachandra Menon has been sworn-in as the new Chief Justice of the Chhattisgarh High Court. Governor Anandiben Patel administered him the oath of office and secrecy at a function at Raj Bhawan. Earlier, Menon was a judge in the Kerala High Court. As per article 217 of constitution, the Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by the President with the consultation of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and the Governor of the State. The other judges are appointed by the will of President, Governor and the Chief Justice of High Court.

67. Who has been appointed as new coachAdarsh of Bansal Indian | [email protected] Volleyball | Team? [A] Pryemyslaw Gaszyoski [B] Dragan Mihailovic [C] Valadimir Radosevic [D] Michel Sidibe Correct Answer: B [Dragan Mihailovic] Notes: The Volleyball Federation of India (VFI) has recently appointed Dragan Mihailovic (from Serbia) as head coach of the men’s national team in a move linked to the long term goal of Olympic Games qualification. The VFI also announced the appointment of Pryemyslaw Gaszyoski and Valadimir Radosevic as the team’s physio trainer and physiotherapist respectively. Besides the men’s national team, the trio will also look after the men’s U-23 team and other junior teams representing India. All the three have been appointed for 5 months and will work with the team for the Asian Championships scheduled to be held in Iran during September. 68. Who has been bestowed with the 2019 V K Krishna Menon Award? [A] K Sivan [B] G D Robert Govender [C] Mahendra Chaudhry [D] K G Balakrishnan Correct Answer: B [G D Robert Govender] Notes: G D ‘Robert’ Govender, an Indian-origin journalist in South Africa, has been honoured in the UK with 2019 V K Krishna Menon award for his outstanding contribution as a pioneer of decolonized journalism. During a career spanning nearly 60 years, Govender developed a reputation as a campaigning journalist and author and was also the first journalist to call for an international boycott of South Africa’s whites- only sports teams. He was awarded posthumously during an event by the UK-based V K Krishna Menon Foundation to mark the 123rd birth anniversary of Indian diplomat and politician V K Krishna Menon. The objectives of the foundation are to eradicate illiteracy and propagate knowledge among the masses of the world, promote oriental art and culture, eliminate poverty, encourage proliferation and promote Non-Aligned Movement in the world. V K Krishna Menon was a freedom fighter and independent India’s first high commissioner to the UK. Later on he also became defence minister of the country during Jawaharlal Nehru’s prime ministership. 69. The book “Game Changer” is the autobiography of which of the following cricketers? [A] Waqar Younis [B] Javed Miandad

Google it:- Pdf4Exams(App in Play Store) Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [C] Shahid Afridi [D] Imran Khan Correct Answer: C [Shahid Afridi] Notes: Pakistan’s former captain and star all-rounder Shahid Afridi has recently released his controversial autobiography, titled ‘Game Changer’. Be it his views on Kashmir, 2010 spot fixing scandal or his age revelation, Afridi has been creating headlines ever since his autobiography was released. It is co- authored by Afridi and journalist Wajahat S Khan and is published by HarperCollins India imprint Harper Sport. The book details some interesting and exciting information from the cricketer’s life. He has criticised many former players, including Javed Miandad, Waqar Younis and Gautam Gambhir in the book. Afridi is popularly known as ‘Boom Boom’ and holds the world record for the fastest ODI century in 37 deliveries. 70. Which Indian personality has been elected as the member of the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB)? [A] Upendra Kushwah [B] Dalveer Bhandari [C] Jagjit Pavadia [D] Nagendra Singh Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Correct Answer: C [Jagjit Pavadia ] Notes: In a significant victory, India’s Jagjit Pavadia has been re-elected to the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) for a 5-year term beginning 2nd March, 2020. She posted the highest number of votes at 44. Ms Pavadia has been a member of the INCB since 2015 and her current term is set to expire in 2020. The victory added to India’s successful record of winning crucial elections at the UN and to the world organisation’s subsidiary bodies. Established in 1968, the INCB is an independent and quasi-judicial monitoring body for the implementation of the UN’s international drug control conventions. INCB consists of 13 members who are elected by the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and who serve in their personal capacity. 71. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of World Red Cross Day (WRCD)? [A] #peace [B] #love [C] #humanity [D] #unity Correct Answer: B [#love] Notes: The World Red Cross Day (WRCD) is observed every year on May 8 to recognize the extraordinary contribution and incredible achievements of the stalwarts and volunteers around the world for helping the people in need anytime, anywhere. It is a gentle nod to all the volunteers who have made unparalleled contribution to people in need. The day is also known as World Red Cross and Red Crescent Day. This date is the anniversary of the birth of Henry Dunant, who was born on 8 May 1828. He was the founder of International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the recipient of the first Nobel Peace Prize. The 2019 theme is “#love” or simply “love”, which will focus on broadening people’s understanding of the society by highlighting diversity and universality of work and approach of Red Cross. On this special day, several blood donation camps will be organised around the world and this day also offers an opportunity to provide voluntary medical services to society. 72. Which of the following countries are members of inter-governmental forum Arctic Council? [A] Canada, Denmark & India [B] Russia, Sweden & United States [C] Russia, India & China [D] France, Iceland & Germany Correct Answer: B [Russia, Sweden & United States] Notes:

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 101 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 On 7th May 2019, India has been re-elected as an observer to inter-governmental forum Arctic Council at the 11th Arctic Council ministerial meeting at Rovaniemi, Finland. Indian researchers have been studying whether there is a co-relation between Indian monsoon and the Arctic region. The National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research, an Indian institute under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, has set up a research station, ‘Himadri’, in Svalbard in Norway that works on the mass balance of glaciers, the effect of the warming on the marine system, the formation of clouds and precipitation, and the effect on biodiversity. The Arctic Council promotes cooperation, coordination and interaction among Arctic states on common issues, particularly on sustainable development and environmental protection. It addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and the indigenous people of the Arctic. It consists of 8 members countries: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the United States. 73. The Desert Storm 2019 has started from which city of Rajasthan? [A] Bikaner [B] Jaipur [C] Udaipur [D] Barmer Correct Answer: A [Bikaner] Notes: The Desert Storm 2019 is touted to be the longest Cross-Country Rally in India, which is started from Bikaner in Rajasthan on 8th May. The 4-day-longAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] Rally will | see over 100 teams competing in high temperatures, treacherous dune crossings and fast technical gravel straights and fast technical gravel straights which will pose an exciting challenge to the competitors. It comprises 600 km of extremely harsh Special Stages in addition to over 900 km of Transport Stages. 74. India’s first natural Ice Café is located in which of the following states? [A] Himchal Pradesh [B] J&K [C] Sikkim [D] Arunachal Pradesh Correct Answer: B [J&K] Notes: India’s first natural Ice Cafe has started at a height of 14,000 feet in Leh, Ladakh. The ice cafe is located on the Manali-Leh Highway. It is created by natural process by the Border Road Organisation (BRO) officials, with the help of some locals during winters. It is built in the shape of a mound with the purpose of saving water in winter and using it later for irrigation purposes when the ice melts in spring. The cafe utilises the same concept as used by Sonam Wangchuk for his ice stupa project in Ladakh and has been attracting a large number of tourists. 75. Which country’s privately developed rocket ‘Momo-3’ reached outer space? [A] South Korea [B] France [C] Japan [D] China Correct Answer: C [Japan] Notes: A Japanese aerospace startup Interstellar Technology Inc. has become the first private firm in Japan to launch a rocket into space. It has successfully launched a small rocket ‘Momo-3’ from its test site in Hokkaido, which reached about 110 kilometers (68 miles) in altitude before falling into the Pacific Ocean after 10 minutes of flight time. With this feat, Momo-3 has become the Japan’s first privately developed model to reach outer space. The rocket is about 10 meters (32 feet) long & 50 centimeters (1.5 feet) in diameter, and weighs about 1 ton. The rocket is capable of putting payloads into orbit. The Interstellar Technology, founded in 2013 by former Livedoor Co. President Takafumi Horie, aims to develop low-cost commercial rockets to carry satellites into space. 76. Dr. NR Madhava Menon, the father of modern Indian Legal Education has passed away. He was from which state?

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 102 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [A] Karnataka [B] Andhra Pradesh [C] Tamil Nadu [D] Kerala Correct Answer: D [Kerala] Notes: Dr. NR Madhava Menon (84), the renowned academician and father of modern Indian Legal Education, passed away in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala on May 8, 2019. He is credited for revolutionizing the field of legal education by establishing National Law Schools and by conceptualizing the 5-year integrated LLB programme. He was the founder Director of the National Law School of India University (NLSIU) Bangalore and the National Judicial Academy (NJA) Bhopal and the founder Vice Chancellor of the West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences (NUJS). The nation honoured him with the Padma Sri in 2003 for his outstanding contributions to the legal field. 77. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of World Thalassaemia Day (WTD)? [A] Access to Safe & Effective Drugs in Thalassaemia [B] Economic Recession: Observe – Joint Forces – Safeguard Health [C] Enhancing partnership towards patient-centred health systems [D] Universal access to quality thalassaemiaAdarsh Bansal healthcare | [email protected] services | Correct Answer: D [Universal access to quality thalassaemia healthcare services] Notes: The World Thalasseamia Day (WTD) is observed every year on May 8 to raise awareness about this ailment among people all over the world. The day is also dedicated to commemorate thalassemia patients as well as encourage those who struggle to live with the genetic disorder of the blood. The 2019 theme is “Universal access to quality thalassaemia healthcare services: Building bridges with and for patients”. Thalaseemia is a chronic blood disorder. It is a genetic disorder due to which a patient cannot make enough hemoglobin found in Red Blood Cells (RBC’s). This leads to anemia and patients also require blood transfusions every two to three weeks to survive. Thalassemias are inherited disorders passed from parents to children through genes. Each red blood cell can contain between 240 and 300 million molecules of haemoglobin. The severity of the disease depends on the mutations involved in the genes, and their interplay. 78. The researchers at which institute has found a novel function for stress buster serotonin to treat neurological decline? [A] AIIMS, Delhi [B] Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai [C] National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore [D] All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Mysore Correct Answer: B [Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai] Notes: The researchers at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) Mumbai have found a novel function for serotonin (a chemical that signals between neurons). The recent discovery establishes that serotonin is involved in the generation of new mitochondria (the powerhouse of the cell) in neurons, increased cellular respiration and fuel (ATP) in the cell. The chemical can impact the manner in which neurons grapple with stress and affect the trajectory of ageing. Neuronal loss is a major cause of neurodegenerative diseases such as in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Abnormal mitochondrial functions are known to cause or contribute to neuronal death. Hence, the new findings from TIFR raise the possibility that serotonin signalling could be used to prevent mitochondrial abnormalities and neuronal loss. Serotonin’s newly indentified function has been studied in mice and rats. If it found to be true in humans, it may have important medical implications. The results of the study were published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The chemical name of serotonin is 5- hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). 79. Pakkamalai Reserve Forests is located in which state? [A] Tamil Nadu

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 103 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [B] Kerala [C] Karnataka [D] Andhra Pradesh Correct Answer: A [Tamil Nadu] Notes: For the first time, researchers have recently sighted nests of the grizzled giant squirrel (Ratufa macroura) at Pakkamalai Reserve Forests near Gingee (Tamil Nadu) in the Eastern Ghats. It is an endangered species listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. The grizzled giant squirrel is usually known to nest in the Western Ghats in Southern India ranging from Chinnar Wildlife sanctuary in Kerala to Anamalai Tiger Reserve and Palani hills in Tamil Nadu. Owing to habitat loss and poaching, the species has been categorized as near threatened by the Red List and listed under Schedule II of CITES. The grizzled giant squirrel has a body length of 25-45 cms, with an equally long or slightly longer tail. It can weigh anything between 1.5-3 kg. 80. Which of the following golfers has been honoured with 2019 US Presidential Medal of Freedom? [A] Rickie Fowler [B] Phil Mickelson [C] Tiger Woods Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [D] Justin Rose Correct Answer: C [Tiger Woods] Notes: On May 6, US President Donald Trump bestowed Tiger Woods with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in the Rose Garden of the White House in Washington. He won his first major in nearly 11 years at last month’s Masters Tournament, a comeback that captivated the sporting world. Woods is only the fourth and the youngest golfer ever to have received the highest American civilian award. The other golfers were Arnold Palmer (74), in 2004; Jack Nicklaus (65), in 2005; and Charlie Sifford, (92), in 2014. Sifford was the first African American to play on the PGA tour. The Medal of Freedom is America’s highest honour for civilian accomplishment. President Truman first established the medal to honour extraordinary civilian accomplishments related to World War II. President Kennedy re-established the medal by executive order in 1963. 81. The team of scientists at CSIR has recently carried out first-ever genetic studies on people of which of the following islands? [A] Majuli [B] Ross Island [C] Nicobar Islands [D] Lakshadweep Correct Answer: D [Lakshadweep ] Notes: Lakshadweep is an archipelago of 36 islands and scattered over approximately 78,000 square km of the Arabian Sea with population of approximately 65,000. Recently, the team of scientists at CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) carried out first-ever genetic studies on the people of Lakshadweep Islands. The team was was led by Dr. K Thangaraj . The scientist have studied the major islands of Agatti, Andorth, Bitra, Chetlat, Kadmat, Kalpeni, Kiltan and Minicoy of Lakshadweep and demonstrated a close genetic link of Lakshadweep islanders with people from Maldives, Sri Lanka and India. They analyzed DNA samples of 557 individuals from these 8 major islands for mitochondrial DNA and 166 individuals for Y chromosome markers. The paternal and maternal ancestries of the majority of island populations suggest their arrival from distinct sources. They found that the maternal ancestry was closer to South Indian populations, whereas the paternal ancestry is more similar to the Maldives and North India. In conclusion, the first genetic data suggest that the majority of human ancestry in Lakshadweep is largely derived from South Asia with minor influences from East and West Eurasia. 82. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of UN Global Road Safety Week? [A] Road Security a Goal, Not an Intermission

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 104 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [B] Leadership for road safety [C] Young road users, including young drivers [D] Walk for Road Security Correct Answer: B [Leadership for road safety] Notes: The 5th edition of United Nations (UN) Global Road Safety Week has started from 6th May with theme “leadership for road safety”. The World Health Organization (WHO) promotes road safety as a means to reduce traffic-related injuries. Hence, UN Global Road Safety Weeks and its’ campaigns are chaired by WHO and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The 5th edition acknowledges that strong leadership is needed to advance road safety in countries and communities and achieve related Sustainable Development Goal and other global targets. Therefore, it launched action through the ongoing campaign: Save Lives – #SpeakUp. The #SpeakUp campaign provides an opportunity for civil society to generate demands for strong leadership for road safety, especially around concrete, evidence-based interventions which will save lives. It will also inspire leaders to take action by showcasing strong leadership for road safety within governments, international agencies, NGOs, foundations, schools and universities and private companies. 83. Which Indian filmmaker will direct a film on the life of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman? [A] Shyam Benegal Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [B] Sanjay Leela Bhansali [C] Mani Ratnam [D] Vishal Bhardwaj Correct Answer: A [Shyam Benegal] Notes: India and Bangladesh will jointly produce a film on the life & works of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, and also a documentary on Bangladesh Liberation War. He was the founding father of Bangladesh. The movie will be directed by the acclaimed Indian filmmaker Shyam Benegal and will be written by Atul Tiwari. The decision was taken after a Bangladeshi delegation led by Dr. Gowher Rizvi met Information and Broadcasting Secretary Amit Khare. The Bangladesh Delegation assured full cooperation in ensuring smooth logistics for shooting the movie in Bangladesh. It was mutually agreed that the director of the documentary would be from Bangladesh who would be assisted by a co-director from India. Prasar Bharati has decided to carry Bangladesh TV on DD Free Dish platform without charging carriage fees. As a reciprocal gesture, Bangladesh Delegation announced that a Doordarshan channel will be adopted on the soon-to-be launched DTH platform of Bangladesh. 84. Mrinal Mukherjee, who passed away recently, was the renowned actor of which regional cinema? [A] Odia [B] Bengali [C] Urdu [D] Kannada Correct Answer: B [Bengali] Notes: Mrinal Mukherjee (74), the veteran film and TV actor, has passed away in Kolkata, West Bengal on May 8, 2019. Mukherjee had worked for over five decades in the Bengali film industry and acted in films like ‘Dui Bon’, ‘Chhuti’, ‘Shriman Prithviraj’ and more recently ‘Byomkesh’ and ‘Chiriakhana’. He had also acted in several Bengali TV serials and was a known face in Bengali theatre as well. Apart from being a versatile actor, Mrinal Mukherjee was a great singer as well. Some of his major Bengali hits were Nayika Sangbad, Golpo Holeo Sotti, Shriman Prithviraj, Chuti and others. Mrinal Mukherjee also did some Bollywood movies too and was best known for his role in Gulzar’s Mausam. The movie is one of Gulzar’s best works. 85. Baidyanath Mishra, who passed away recently, was the renowned personality of which field? [A] Economy [B] History

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 105 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [C] Geography [D] Polity Correct Answer: A [Economy] Notes: Baidyanath Mishra (99), the renowned economist, has passed away in Bhubaneswar, Odisha on May 8, 2019. Mishra had started his career as a lecturer in Ravenshaw University in Cuttack in 1949. He later worked at Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT). He was vice-chancellor of OUAT from 1981 to 1985. Mishra was also the chairman of State Planning Board from 1985 to 1990. 86. Where is the headquarters of IPBES (Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services)? [A] Berlin [B] Paris [C] New York [D] Bonn Correct Answer: D [Bonn] Notes: The UN report titled “IPBES Global Assessment”Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] has been | released by IPBES (Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services). It is compiled by 145 expert authors from 50 countries. The IPBES report found that around 1 million animal and plant species are now threatened with extinction, many within decades, more than ever before in human history. The threatened list includes more than 40% of amphibian species, almost 33% of reef-forming corals, and more than a third of all marine mammals. The study is a cornerstone of an emerging body of research that suggests the world may need to embrace a new post-growth form of economics if it is to avert the existential risks posed by the mutually-reinforcing consequences of pollution, habitat destruction and carbon emissions. The report tells us that it is not too late to make a difference, but only if we start now at every level from local to global. The headquarters of IBPES is located in Bonn, Germany. 87. Which Indian city is hosting the World Customs Organisation (WCO) regional custom heads meeting? [A] Shimla [B] Pune [C] Kochi [D] New Delhi Correct Answer: C [Kochi] Notes: The meeting of the Regional Heads of Customs Administration of Asia Pacific Region of the World Customs Organisation (WCO) is being organized by Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) in Kochi from 08th to 10th May, 2019. India is hosting this meeting in its capacity as Vice Chair of the Asia Pacific region that it assumed on 1st July, 2018 for a two-year period. The meeting will take stock of the progress being made in carrying forward the programmes and initiatives of WCO to promote, facilitate and secure the cross-border trade in the region and the capacity building and technical assistance required to achieve this goal. This meeting is being chaired by Mr. Pranab Kumar Das, CBIC Chairman. 88. Which union ministry has recently decided to discard its ‘Black List’ of Indian-origin people? [A] Ministry of External Affairs [B] Ministry of Home Affairs [C] Ministry of Corporate Affairs [D] Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Correct Answer: B [Ministry of Home Affairs] Notes: The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has decided to discard its ‘Black List’ of Indian-origin people, who have taken asylum abroad under the plea of alleged persecution in India. As per officials, all such people

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 106 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 will also be given regular visa as well as Overseas Citizen of India (OCI). The list, which is maintained by Indian missions, is mostly consists of the names of people belonging to the Sikh Community. Earlier, the Indian-origin asylees were denied visa services by Indian missions and posts since they took asylum abroad under the plea of alleged persecution in India. Now, such asylees and their family members who are not in the main adverse list of the Government of India (GoI) will be granted visa and consular services at par with foreigners of the country in which they are living. Such Indian-origin people (mostly Sikhs) can also get OCI cards if they have held normal Indian visas for at least two years. 89. The 2019 Brahmakalashothsava festival has started in which of the following states? [A] Maharashtra [B] Karnataka [C] Andhra Pradesh [D] Odisha Correct Answer: B [Karnataka] Notes: The 6-day Brahmakalashothsava festival is celebrated in the ancient Chandkuru Sri Durga Parameshwari Temple annually in Polali, Dakshina Kannada district in Karnataka. The presiding deity of the temple, which has a history of nearly 1,700 years, is Shri Rajarajeshwari. The highlight of this temple is its mud idols and this is probably the only idol of this size (about 9ft height) in Karnataka. Other than the presiding deity Rajarajeshwari – twoAdarsh other Bansal | [email protected] idols Bhadrakali | on the left (may be bigger than the presiding deity in height) and Lord Subrahmanya and Ganesha are on the right hand side. It is in news recently because several Dalits and OBCs from Chandkuru and surrounding villages in Belthangady taluk boycotted festival in a centuries-old temple due to separate seating arrangement had been made for people of the upper caste. 90. Which Indian personality has been appointed as new SDG Advocate of UN? [A] Chewang Norphel [B] Sonam Wangchuk [C] Jadav Payeng [D] Dia Mirza Correct Answer: D [Dia Mirza] Notes: The United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has appointed 17 global figures including Indian actress Dia Mirza and Alibaba chief Jack Ma as the new advocates to drive action and solidify global political will for the ambitious Sustainable Development Goals. The new class of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Advocates are influential public figures committed to raising awareness, inspiring greater ambition and pushing for faster action on the SDGs, which were adopted by world leaders on September 25, 2015. The Advocates represent the universal character of the SDGs, hailing from governments, entertainment, academia, sport, business and activist organizations around the world. The other newly-appointed SDG Advocates include Queen Mathilde of the Belgians, Sheikha Moza bint Nasser, Founder, Education Above All Foundation (State of Qatar), British screenwriter, producer and film director Richard Curtis, Nobel Laureate Nadia Murad, Director of Center for Sustainable Development, Columbia University Jeffrey Sachs, Brazilian footballer and UN Women Goodwill Ambassador and Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Whitaker Peace & Development Initiative, Forest Whitaker. 91. Thopil Mohammed Meeran, who passed away recently, was the renowned novelist of which language? [A] Tamil [B] Telugu [C] Kannada [D] Odia Correct Answer: A [Tamil] Notes: Thopil Mohammed Meeran (74), the well-known Tamil novelist and Sahitya Akademi awardee, has passed away at Pettai in Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu on May 10, 2019. Born in the coastal hamlet of

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 107 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Thaengaaipattinam in Kanniyakumari district on 26th September 1944, Mohamed Meeran authored the novels – Oru Kadalora Graamaththin Kathai, Thuraimugam, Koonan Thoppu, Saaivu Naarkkaali and Anju Vannam Theru – between 1988 and 2011. Of these, Saaivu Naarkkaali (The Reclining Chair) bagged him the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award in 1997. His short story collections — Anbukku Muthumai Illai, Thangarasu, Ananthasayanam Colony, Oru Kutti Theevin Varippadam, Thoppil Mohamed Meeran Kathaigal and Oru Maamaramum Konjam Paravaigalum — and translations gave him a prominent place in the literary world. 92. Which well-known actor has written the novel “Dopehri”? [A] Sanjay Dutt [B] Pankaj Kapur [C] Naseeruddin Shah [D] R. Madhavan Correct Answer: B [Pankaj Kapur] Notes: Veteran actor Pankaj Kapur will soon release his debut novel ‘Dopehri’, based on a play of the same name which he wrote and directed several years ago. “Dopehri” is the story of Amma Bi, an elderly widow who lives alone in her deserted family haveli in Lucknow. Her only companion is a dishevelled young servant who comes in twice a day. Every afternoon, Amma Bi hears the sound of footsteps on the stairs and her heart fills with panic. She peeks out the doorAdarsh Bansal only | [email protected] to find no one | there. After considering a move to an old peoples’ home, an anxious Amma Bi ends up taking in a lodger, a young woman named Sabiha, with a mysterious occupation and a winsome personality. When Sabiha’s secret is revealed, Amma Bi discovers reserves of ingenuity, skill and love she never knew she had, and what started out as the tale of a haunted haveli turns into a heart-warming one about ageing, self-discovery and female bonding. Originally written in Hindi, “Dopehri” will be published simultaneously by HarperCollins in three editions: Hindi (in Devanagari script), Hindi (in Urdu script) and in English translation. 93. Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is associated to which of the following countries? [A] Iran, United States and France [B] Russia, UK and China [C] Germany, Iran and United States [D] All of the above Correct Answer: D [All of the above] Notes: Iran has recently announced to stop respecting limits on its nuclear activities agreed under a 2015 nuclear deal with major powers until they find a way to bypass renewed US sanctions. The Iran nuclear deal was formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Iranian President Hassan Rouhani has given an ultimatum of 60 days to remaining signatories – the UK, France, Germany, China and Russia – to implement their promises to protect Iran’s oil and banking sectors from US sanctions. The nuclear deal was designed to curb Iran’s nuclear programme in exchange for sanctions relief. Under the landmark deal, Iran is required to sell its surplus enriched uranium abroad, rather than keep it, thereby allowing it to generate nuclear power without building nuclear weapons. In it, Iran agreed to limit its sensitive nuclear activities and allow in international inspectors in return for the lifting of crippling economic sanctions. 94. Which Indian judge has been appointed as a member of the Commonwealth Secretariat Arbitral Tribunal (CSAT)? [A] T S Thakur [B] Madan Lokur [C] K S Radhakrishnan [D] Kurian Joseph Correct Answer: C [K S Radhakrishnan] Notes: Justice (Retd.) K S Radhakrishnan has been appointed as a member of the Commonwealth Secretariat Arbitral Tribunal in London. He will render his services as a member of the Tribunal for a period of four years from 1st of June, 2019 to 31st of May, 2023. Justice Radhakrishnan served as the Chief Justice of

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 108 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 the Gujarat and Jammu & Kashmir High Courts before his term in Supreme Court from 2009-2014. 95. India’s first UPI Bahi Khata for merchants has been launched by which fintech start-up company? [A] Paytm [B] BharatPe [C] PhonePe [D] MobiKwik Correct Answer: B [BharatPe ] Notes: BharatPe has launched India’s first UPI Bahi Khata for merchants, which allows merchants to record their cash/ credit (udhar) sales customer wise, request accounts receivable from customers via SMS payment links, and keep track of accounts payable to suppliers, among other services. It also serves as a networking platform for merchants to connect and collaborate with other BharatPe merchants near them to source and expand their businesses. BharatPe is the India’s first fintech start-up enabling payments for merchants through interoperable UPI QR codes. 96. India’s newest pit viper has recently found in which of the following states?

[A] Mizoram Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [B] Arunachal Pradesh [C] Odisha [D] Sikkim Correct Answer: B [Arunachal Pradesh] Notes: A team of herpetologists led by Ashok Captain have described a new species of reddish-brown pit viper — a venomous snake with a unique heat-sensing system — from a forest in West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh. The discovery makes the Arunachal pit viper (Trimeresurus arunachalensis) the second serpent to have been discovered after the non-venomous crying keelback in the State’s Lepa- Rada district in 2018. The new species also makes Arunachal Pradesh the only Indian state to have a pit viper named after it. Before the Arunachal Pradesh discovery, India had four brown pit vipers — Malabar, horseshoe, hump-nosed and Himalayan — which were discovered 70 years ago. The discovery was recently published in the March-April volume of the Russian Journal of Herpetology. 97. Who has been elected as Vice-President of Geneva-based International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA)? [A] Gautam Adani [B] Ratan Tata [C] Rakesh Sharma [D] Mukesh Ambani Correct Answer: C [Rakesh Sharma] Notes: Bajaj Auto Executive Director Rakesh Sharma has been elected as Vice-President of Geneva-based International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA) at Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Sharma is a representative of the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers (SIAM). IMMA represents the manufacturing industry of powered two wheelers at the global level. 98. Which company has launched the world’s highest-resolution image sensor for smartphones? [A] Apple [B] Samsung [C] Oppo [D] Vivo Correct Answer: B [Samsung ] Notes: Samsung Electronics Co has recently launched the world’s highest-resolution image sensor for

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 109 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 smartphones at 64-Megapixels to meet the growing demand for mobile devices with better image quality. The company expands its 0.8μm image sensor lineup with 64Mp ISOCELL Bright GW1 and 48Mp ISOCELL Bright GM2 that allow vibrant ultra-high resolution mobile photography. With the addition, Samsung expanded its 0.8μm image sensor lineup, the smallest pixel size currently available in the market, from existing 20Mp to ultra-high 64Mp resolutions. 99. Which of the following countries participated in the naval exercise ‘Group Sail’ in the disputed South China Sea? [A] Japan, Philippines and India [B] Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia [C] Brunei, Philippines and Taiwan [D] Uniited States, Vietnam and Philippines Correct Answer: A [Japan, Philippines and India] Notes: Two Indian Navy ships – Guided Missile Destroyer INS Kolkata and Fleet Support Ship INS Shakti carried out a 6-day long exercise ‘Group Sail’ with naval ships of Japan, Philippines and the United States of America (USA) in the disputed South China Sea from 03 May to 09 May 19. The aim of the Group Sail is to deepen the existing partnership and foster mutual understanding among participating navies. The

ships undertook various exercises enrouteAdarsh Bansal which | [email protected] included | formation manoeuvering, underway replenishment runs, cross-deck flying and exchange of Sea Riders. The Group Sail exercise with naval ships of Japan, Philippines and United States showcased India’s commitment towards operating with like-minded nations to ensure safe maritime environment through enhanced interoperability. 100. Which Indian company has become the official sponsor of the Afghanistan cricket team for the 2019 ICC World Cup? [A] Dabur [B] Sanchi [C] Amul [D] Hindustan Unilever Correct Answer: C [Amul ] Notes: India’s Dairy major Amul will be the principal sponsor of the Afghanistan cricket team for the 2019 ICC World Cup, which will be hosted by England and Wales. The logo of brand AMUL, which boasts of an annual sales turnover of Rs 45,000 crores ($6.5 billion), will appear on the Afghanistan team playing jerseys as well as on the training kits throughout the World Cup from May 30 to July 14, 2019. This is the third time that Amul is sponsoring a cricket team in the World Cup. Earlier, the company had associated with New Zealand and Holland teams. Though Afghanistan participated in the 2015 World Cup as an associate nation, this will be the first time it will feature in a tournament as a full-member. 101. Which of the following countries has officially become the 2nd country in the world to declare a climate emergency? [A] Ireland [B] Finland [C] Norway [D] Sweden Correct Answer: A [Ireland] Notes: After United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland has officially become the 2nd country in the world to declare a climate and biodiversity emergency. It happened after the Oireachtas (Irish parliament) report on Climate Action was accepted by the government and opposition parties without a vote. An amendment to a parliamentary report declaring a climate emergency and calling on parliament to examine how the Irish government can improve its response to the issue of biodiversity loss was accepted. Britain’s parliament became the first in the world to declare a climate emergency, passing the largely symbolic motion on May 1. The step followed 11 days of street protests in London by the Extinction Rebellion environmental campaign group.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 110 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 102. On which date, the 2019 edition of National Technology Day (NTD) is celebrated in India? [A] May 13 [B] May 12 [C] May 11 [D] May 10 Correct Answer: C [May 11] Notes: The National Technology Day (NTD) is held every year on May 11 to celebrate India’s achievements in science and technology and to mark the historic feat of test-firing its very first nuclear-capable missile back in 1998 at Pokhran. The day also highlights the importance of science in daily life and encourages youngsters to embrace it as a career option. On this day in 1998, India successfully tested Shakti-I nuclear missile at the Indian Army’s Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan. The tests were conducted under the leadership of Former President Dr A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, who was then DRDO Chief, and Dr R Chidambaran, then Chairman of Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). A team of more than 100 scientists, technicians and soldiers were involved in the successfully conducted tests. 103. Y C Deveshwar, who passed away recently, was the noted industry leader of which company? [A] Infosys [B] ITC Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [C] Bajaj [D] Grasim Correct Answer: B [ITC] Notes: Y C Deveshwar (72), the noted industry leader and ITC Chairman, has passed away in Gurugram on May 11, 2019. He was India’s longest serving CEO and had received the India’s third-highest civilian award ‘Padma Bhushan’ in 2011. Deveshwar took over as chairman of ITC group in 1996 when the company was going through its worst crisis. Under his leadership, ITC battled resistance from its largest shareholder BAT and it made a successful diversification in the FMCG category. He transformed the cigarette major into a diversified player with interests in FMCG, hospitality, IT and other sectors. In 2017, Deveshwar stepped down as chief executive of ITC Ltd, India’s largest cigarette maker . After that, he moved to the role of non executive chairman. He was also a director on the central board of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). ITC Limited is an Indian multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal. 104. Which Indian armed force has decided to observe 2019 as ‘Year of Next of Kin’? [A] Indian Navy [B] Indian Air Force [C] Indian Army [D] Indian Coast Guard Correct Answer: C [Indian Army ] Notes: The Indian Army has decided to commemorate 2019 as the ‘Year of Next of Kin’ and plans to reach out to the next of kin of battle casualties, ex-servicemen and serving soldiers to inform them of entitled financial benefits, welfare schemes and help resolve pension related problems. The issue gains importance in light of most next of kin of deceased soldiers being unaware of the financial benefits that are entitled to them. Incorrect and incomplete documentation is a common problem for most of the next of kin, which aggravates their plight. Indian Army plans to overcome these challenges through its formations and regimental centres. It will also seek the involvement of the defence ministry, Nepal Embassy (due to several soldiers being recruited from Nepal), Sainik Boards, banks and welfare agencies such as the Ex-Servicemen Contributory Health Scheme (ECHS). The Directorate of Indian Army Veterans will be the nodal agency. Earlier, the Indian Army marked 2018 as the ‘Year of Disabled in the Line of Duty’. 105. Prof. Kirpal Singh, who passed away recently, was the renowned personality in which field? [A] History

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 111 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [B] Geography [C] Economics [D] Science Correct Answer: A [History] Notes: Prof. Kirpal Singh (95), the renowned Sikh historian and chronicler, has passed away in Chandigarh on May 7, 2019. He was the first chronicler of India’s partition. The historian had retired as professor and head of the department of Punjab Historical Studies in Punjabi University, Patiala. Before joining Punjabi University, he was lecturer at the Khalsa College in Amritsar and worked on the Sikh historical research. With over 40 books on history to his credit, the Akal Takht had in 2014 conferred the title of National Professor of Sikhism on him. To compile the history of Partition, he even visited UK in early 1960s and interviewed many bigwigs who associated with it, including then Prime Minister Clement Attlee. Kirpal had established the Oral History Cell at Punjabi University in 1973 having over 400 statements of eminent persons in several fields. 106. The Supreme Court has recently upheld validity of which state government’s law for reservation in promotion and seniority to SC and ST employees? [A] Kerala

[B] Karnataka Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [C] Andhra Pradesh [D] Telangana Correct Answer: B [Karnataka ] Notes: The Supreme Court has recently upheld the constitutional validity of the Karnataka Extension of Consequential Seniority to Government Servants Promoted on the Basis of Reservation (to the Posts in the Civil Services of the State) Act, 2018. The new Karnataka 2018 law grants reservation in promotion and seniority to Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe (SC/ST) employees in the state. This judgment is significant as Karnataka becomes the first State to gain from a Constitution (5-judge) Bench order of September 2018 that modified a 2006 order requiring the States to show quantifiable data to prove the “backwardness” of a SC/ST community in order to provide quota in promotion in public employment. 107. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of World Migratory Bird Day (WMBD)? [A] Unifying our Voices for Bird Conservation [B] A Healthy Planet for Migratory Birds and People [C] Protect Birds: Be the Solution to Plastic Pollution [D] Energy – make it bird-friendly Correct Answer: C [Protect Birds: Be the Solution to Plastic Pollution] Notes: The World Migratory Bird Day (WMBD) is observed every year on 11th of May to raise awareness of issues affecting migratory birds and to inspire people and organizations around the world to take measures for their conservation. The 2019 theme − “Protect Birds: Be the Solution to Plastic Pollution!” − will put the spotlight on the negative impact of plastic pollution on migratory birds and their habitats. 108. WHO has partnered with the International Food and Beverage Alliance (IFBA) to eliminate industrial trans-fat by which year? [A] 2030 [B] 2023 [C] 2025 [D] 2028 Correct Answer: B [2023] Notes: The World Health Organization (WHO) has partnered with the International Food and Beverage Alliance (IFBA) to achieve its target under REPLACE initiative of eliminating industrial trans-fat from industrially produced global food supply by 2023. Trans-fat is also called the worst form of fat in food. It

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 112 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 is responsible for over 5,00,000 deaths from coronary heart disease each year globally. Industrially- produced trans-fats are contained in hardened vegetable fats, such as margarine and ghee, and are often present in snack food, baked foods, and fried foods. Manufacturers often use them as they have a longer shelf life than other fats. But healthier alternatives can be used that would not affect taste or cost of food. 109. Where is the headquarters of Konkan Railway Corporation Limited (KRCL)? [A] Raipur [B] Ahmedabad [C] Nagpur [D] Navi Mumbai Correct Answer: D [Navi Mumbai] Notes: The Konkan Railways Corporation Ltd (KRCL) has signed a contract agreement with Nepal’s Department of Railways to supply two 1600 HP DEMU train sets. These trains will be used to operationalise railway link between Jayanagar in India and Kurtha in Nepal. Each train set will comprise of one driving power car, three trailer cars with one air-conditioned, one driving trailer car with standard accessories. The train sets will be manufactured by the Integrated Coach Factory, Chennai. The 34 kms Jayanagar-Kurtha Railway Link has been built by IRCON with Government of India (GoI) financial grant under India-Nepal Development Partnership programme. The KRCL is a Union Government Company headquartered at CBD Belapur in Navi Mumbai that operatesAdarsh Konkan Bansal | [email protected] Railway. | 110. Who won the 2019 men’s singles title at the Madrid Open Tennis tournament? [A] Roger Federer [B] Stefanos Tsitsipas [C] Novak Djokovic [D] Rafael Nadal Correct Answer: C [Novak Djokovic] Notes: On 12th May 2019, Top seed Novak Djokovic of Serbia beat Stefanos Tsitsipas of Greece 6-3, 6-4 to win his third Madrid Open Tennis title. Djokovic lifted the title in Madrid after progressing through the week without losing a set and has now won 33 Masters 1000 titles – the same number as Rafael Nadal and five more than Roger Federer. Djokovic got the decisive break in the 9th game of the set to move 5-4 up and then held his serve to add the 2019 Madrid Open title to those he won in 2011 and 2016. 111. Andre Russell, who has been named Most Valuable Player at the 2019 IPL tournament, is from which of the following teams? [A] Sunrisers Hyderabad [B] Kolkata Knight Riders [C] Chennai Super Kings [D] Mumbai Indians Correct Answer: B [Kolkata Knight Riders] Notes: On 12th May 2019, Mumbai Indians became IPL champions for the fourth time after defeating Chennai Super Kings by one run in a thrilling final in Hyderabad. Last ball dismissal of Shardul Thakur by paceman Lasith Malinga registered final win for Mumbai over Chennai. Chasing a victory target of 150 set by Mumbai, Chennai Super Kings were restricted to 148 for 7 in stipulated 20 overs. Skipper Mahendra Singh Dhoni became the most successful wicket-keeper in the history of IPL by taking his dismissals tally to 132, surpassing his India teammate Dinesh Karthik. David Warner of Sunrisers Hyderabad won the Orange Cap for the leading run-scorer of the tournament with 692 runs. Imran Tahir, of Chennai Super Kings, was awarded the Purple Cap for finishing as the leading wicket-taker of the tournament with 26 wickets. Andre Russell of Kolkata Knight Riders was named Most Valuable Player, also known as Man of the Series, while Shubman Gill also of Kolkata Knight Riders was named the Emerging Player of the Tournament. 112. Which city is organizing the 2019 World Trade Organisation (WTO) ministerial meeting of developing countries?

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 113 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 [A] New Delhi [B] Pune [C] Raipur [D] Bhopal Correct Answer: A [New Delhi] Notes: On 13th May 2019, the World Trade Organisation (WTO) ministerial meeting of developing countries has started in New Delhi. The two-day meeting is being held at a time when the multilateral rule-based- trading system is facing serious and grave challenges. The meeting will provide an opportunity for the Ministers to discuss various issues and the way forward. Sixteen developing countries and six Least Developed Countries, LDCs are participating in the meeting. It includes China, South Africa, Brazil, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Kazakhstan and Bangladesh. The Director-General of WTO Roberto Azevedo is also participating in the meeting. In two-day meeting following issues are likely to be discussed: Finding a solution to the ongoing impasse in the Appellate Body on an urgent basis, Issues of importance and priority for developing countries including Least Developed Countries (LDCs) in the reform agenda, How to reinvigorate negotiating agenda on issues of critical importance for developing countries?, and How to ensure effective S&D for all developing countries including LDCs?. 113. Hiralal Yadav, who passed away recently, was the veteran musician of which regional cinema? [A] Urdu Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [B] Bhojpuri [C] Rajasthani [D] Marathi Correct Answer: B [Bhojpuri ] Notes: Hiralal Yadav (93), the Padma Shri awardee Bhojpuri folk singer, has passed away in Chowkaghat, Varanasi on May 12, 2019. The veteran musician was from the ‘Birha’ genre, which revolves around the separation of a lover from his beloved. Hence, he was famously known as ‘Birha Samrat’. Yadav was felicitated with 2019 Padma Shri award, the country’s fourth highest civilian award. In 2015, he was honoured with Yash Bharti award by the Uttar Pradesh government for his contribution in the field of music. 114. Which Indian cricketer has been featured in the world’s first exclusive women’s cricket magazine “CRICZONE”? [A] Sophie Devine [B] Harmanpreet Kaur [C] Mithali Raj [D] Smriti Mandhana Correct Answer: D [Smriti Mandhana] Notes: The first edition of world’s first exclusive women’s cricket magazine ‘Criczone’ has been released in Jaipur, Rajasthan. In it, Indian team cricket vice-captain Smriti Mandhana has featured as the cover story. The purpose of the magazine is to empower young aspiring women cricketers to take the sport as a profession and able to make a sustainable living. Top international cricketers like Mithali Raj, Harmanpreet Kaur, Smiriti Mandhana along with overseas players like Danielle Wyatt, Sophie Devine attended the event which is held on the sidelines of the inaugural women’s T20 challenge. Yash Lahoti is the publisher of the magazine. 115. Who won the 2019 McCain Institute Award for Courage and Leadership? [A] Rupal Jain [B] Chhaya Sharma [C] Urvashi Chaudhary [D] Deepa Mehta Correct Answer: B [Chhaya Sharma]

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 114 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 Notes: IPS officer Chhaya Sharma, who led the investigation team of the infamous Nirbhaya gang-rape and murder case, has been awarded the 2019 McCain Institute Award for Courage and Leadership. During her career, Chhaya has led teams in detection and investigation of sensitive criminal cases and protection of human rights. However, solving Nirbhaya’s case is considered as the biggest milestone of her career. In 2017, Chhaya performed a crucial role in drafting Standard Operating Procedures and Guidelines to Combat Trafficking of Persons in India. The award is granted to those who manifest courage on behalf of human rights, humanitarian compassion, justice, freedom, and human dignity. Some of the famous awardees are – Malala Yousafzai (2015) and Dikembe Mutombo (2016). 116. Wilayah of Hind, which is in news recently, is associated to which of the following fields? [A] Human Right award [B] Militant Province [C] Educational Institution [D] Pilgrim Correct Answer: B [Militant Province] Notes: Islamic State (IS) has claimed for the first time that it has established a “province” in India, after a clash between militants and security forces in the Kashmir region killed a militant with alleged ties to the group. The new ‘province’ is called “WilayahAdarsh of Bansal Hind | [email protected] ” by the militant | group. IS’s Amaq News Agency also claimed IS inflicted casualties on Indian Army soldiers in the town of Amshipora in the Shopian district of Kashmir. The statement of establishing the new province appears to be designed to bolster its standing after the group was driven from its self-styled “caliphate” in Iraq and Syria in April 2019, where at one point it controlled thousands of miles of territory. IS has stepped up hit-and-run raids and suicide attacks, including taking responsibility for the Easter Sunday bombing in Sri Lanka that killed at least 253 people. 117. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of International Nurses Day (IND)? [A] Nurses A Voice to Lead – A vital resource for health [B] Nurses A Voice to Lead – Care Effective, Cost Effective [C] Nurses A Voice to Lead – Health is a Human right [D] Nurses A Voice to Lead – Health for All Correct Answer: D [Nurses A Voice to Lead – Health for All] Notes: The International Nurses Day (IND) is celebrated around the world on 12 May to highlight the importance of nurses’ role in providing the best healthcare services. The day also observes the birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale, who was also known as ‘The Lady with the Lamp’. She was famous as manager and trainer of nurses during the Crimean War. The theme for 2019 is – “Nurses A Voice to Lead – Health for All”. 118. Apache Guardian helicopters, sometimes seen in news, is associated to which of the following countries? [A] Japan [B] United States [C] France [D] Germany Correct Answer: B [United States] Notes: The Indian Air Force (IAF) has recently received the first AH-64E (I) – Apache Guardian helicopter at Boeing production facility in Mesa, Arizona in the United States. The AH-64E Apache is a leading multi- role attack helicopter and is flown by the US Army. The IAF had signed a multi-billion dollar contract with the US government and Boeing Ltd in September 2015 for 22 Apache helicopters. The first batch of these helicopters is scheduled to be shipped to India by July 2019. The helicopter has been customized to suit IAF’s future requirements and would have significant capability in mountainous terrain. The helicopter has the capability to carry out precision attacks at standoff ranges and operate in hostile airspace with threats from ground.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 115 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-1-15, 2019 119. Who has been sworn-in as the new Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court? [A] Dinesh Maheshwari [B] Gangambike Mallikarjun [C] Abhay Shreeniwas Oka [D] Neelamani M Raju Correct Answer: C [Abhay Shreeniwas Oka] Notes: Justice Abhay Shreeniwas Oka has been sworn-in as the new Chief Justice of Karnataka High Court. Karnataka Governor Vajubhai R Vala administered the oath of office to Justice Oka at the Raj Bhavan. He succeeded Justice Dinesh Maheshwari, who was elevated as a Supreme Court judge in January 2019. Justice Oka has given many landmark judgements including those revolving around noise pollution, the rights of atheists and the right to give “no religion” as an option in government application forms, a judgement striking down the beef ban in Maharashtra and encouraging prison reforms, among others.

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

The authors and publisher have made every effort to ensure that the information in this E-book is correct. However, GKToday does not assume and hereby disclaims any liability to any party for any loss, damage, or disruption caused by errors or omissions, whether such errors or omissions result from negligence, accident, or any other cause. This document is a property of GKToday. Unauthorized Duplication is not allowed. Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Contents ...... _ ...... News Headlines: May 16-31, 2019 ...... 3 May 16, 2019 ...... 14 May 17, 2019 ...... 20 May 18, 2019 ...... 25 May 19, 2019 ...... 28 May 20, 2019 ...... 31 May 21, 2019 ...... 36 May 22, 2019 ...... 41 May 23, 2019 ...... 46 May 24, 2019 ...... 51 May 25, 2019 ...... 58 May 26, 2019 ...... 61 May 27, 2019 ...... 62 May 28, 2019 ...... 67 May 29, 2019 ...... 71 May 30, 2019 ...... 75 May 31, 2019 ...... 80 Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Multiple Choice Questions ...... 86

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 2 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 News Headlines: May 16-31, 2019 Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 16, 2019 India Monsoon is expected to arrive in India on June 6: India Meteorological Department (IMD) EC curtails Lok Sabha poll campaigning in West Bengal by one day Economy and Business RBI releases a vision document for ensuring a safe, secure, convenient, quick and affordable e- payment system RBI’s vision document is titled ‘Payment and Settlement Systems in India: Vision 2019 – 2021’ Ola partners SBI cards to launch Ola Money SBI Credit Card British automaker MG Motor unveils SUV Hector in India World International Day of Families observed on May 15 with theme as ‘Families and Climate Action: Focus on SDG 13’ Painting by Claude Monet titled ‘Mueles’ (1890) sold for a record-breaking price of $110.7 million at Sotheby’s auction in New York International Maritime Defence Exhibition Asia (IMDEX Asia-2019) being held in Singapore from May 14 to 16 Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Retired Indian Supreme Court judge Justice Madan Lokur appointed to the Supreme Court of Fiji’s non-resident panel Sports Nepal’s Sherpa Kami Rita (49) scales Mount Everest for 23rd time breaking his own world record Igor Stimac appointed as head coach of Indian men’s football team by AIFF for a two-year term Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 17, 2019 India India delivers the first pair of replacement Mi-24 attack helicopters to Afghanistan Economy and Business RBI asks NBFCs with asset size of more than Rs 5,000 crore to appoint chief risk officers L&T crosses the critical stake holding mark of 26% in Mindtree, making it the single-largest shareholder Virat Kohli and Rishabh Pant named brand ambassadors of Himalaya Drug Company’s ‘Men Face Care Range’ International Light Day International Day of Light observed on May 16 by UNESCO May 16 is the anniversary of 1st successful operation of laser in 1960 by physicist Theodore Maiman World International Day of Living Together in Peace observed on May 16 US Govt. prohibits American companies from using foreign-made telecom equipment posing a national security threat US Defense Department awards USD 787 million to construction firms to build a wall along the US- Mexico border Bob Hawke, Australia’s Prime Minister from 1983 to 1991, dies at the age of 89 Actor Shahid Kapoor unveils his wax figurine at Madame Tussauds in Singapore A sculpture titled ‘Rabbit’ by US artist Jeff Koons sells for USD 91.1 million in auction organised by Christie’s in New York Indian YouTuber Ajey Nagar chosen by Time magazine among its 10 Next Generation Leaders 2019 XPRIZE USD 10 million XPRIZE For Global Learning awarded to 2 organisations in Los Angeles Berkeley (USA)-based Kitkit School and London’s onebillion educational non-profit are co-winners The winners created programs to teach illiterate children how to teach themselves to read

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 3 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Sports China to host 2023 Asian Cup Football after South Korea withdraw bid Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 18, 2019 India Indian Navy successfully test-fires Medium Range Surface to Air Missile (MRSAM) on the Western Seaboard Economy and Business Foreign exchange reserves rose by USD 1.368 billion to reach USD 420.055 billion in the week to May 10 World World Hypertension Day observed on May 17 with its theme as ‘Know your numbers’ World Telecommunication and Information Society Day observed on May 17 with its theme as ‘Bridging the standardization gap’ Grumpy Cat, the Internet’s most popular cat and one of its first viral memes, dies at age seven M. Pei, a pillar of modern architecture, dies at 102 in US Taiwan becomes first Asian-nation to legalise same-sex marriage Sports ICC releases official song of the Men’sAdarsh World Bansal | [email protected] Cup — ‘Stand | By’ with LORYN and Rudimental Team winning 2019 ICC ODI World Cup to get prize money of $4 million Rashid Khan wins TATA Steel PGTI Players Championship golf in Chandigarh Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 19, 2019 India A tribunal’s order declaring a person as an illegal foreigner in Assam will prevail over govt.’s decision to exclude or include the name from the National Register of Citizens (NRC): SC Buddha Purnima, marking the birth anniversary of Lord Buddha, celebrated on May 18 World Australia: Liberal National coalition govt. under PM Scott Morrison wins general election Indian filmmaker, Achyutanand Dwivedi’s film, ‘Seed Mother’, wins 3rd prize in international section of Nespresso Talents 2019 in Cannes India builds new infrastructure at Shree Narad Adarsha Education Campus in Udayapur District of Nepal UK Govt. amends law to allow Sikhs to carry kirpans and use it during religious and cultural functions Sports 2nd edition of Hero Intercontinental Cup to be held at the TransStadia Arena in Ahmedabad from July 7 to 18 England (341-7 in 49.3 overs) beat Pakistan (340-7 in 50 overs) by 3 wickets in 4th ODI at Trent Bridge, take unbeatable 3-0 lead in 5-match series Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 20, 2019 India Voting for the seventh and final phase of Lok Sabha polls ends Economy and Business National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) slashes prices of 9 non-scheduled cancer drugs by up to 87% World International Museum Day celebrated on May 18 with its theme as ‘Museums as Cultural Hubs: The future of tradition’ Austria: Chancellor Sebastian Kurz calls for a snap election after his Vice-Chancellor, Heinz- Christian Strache, resigned over a corruption scandal USA: House of Representatives Speaker Nancy Pelosi honoured with the 2019 John F Kennedy

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 4 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Profile in Courage Award NASA finds evidence for a unique mixture of methanol, water ice, and organic molecules on Ultima Thule’s surface — the farthest world ever explored by mankind Sports TCS World 10K Bengaluru 2019: Ethiopia’s Andamlak Belihu wins Men’s race in 27 min 56 sec; Kenya’s Agnes Tirop wins Women’s race in 33 min 55 sec Czech Republic’s Karolina Pliskova beats UK’s Johanna Konta in final 6-3, 6-4 to win women’s singles title at WTA Italian Open in Rome USA’s Justin Gatlin wins Men’s 100 m at the Golden Grand Prix Osaka athletics on 10 sec Undefeated Deontay Wilder knocks out fellow American Dominic Breazeale in 1st round to retain his World Boxing Council heavyweight title in New York Badminton World Federation (BWF) launches 2 new formats of the game –AirBadminton and Triples Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 21, 2019 India UP: Governor Ram Naik dismisses Minister Om Prakash Rajbhar, who is the leader of Suheldev Bhartiya Samaj Party (SBSP) leader on the recommendation of CM Yogi Adityanath Maharashtra: Governor C.V. Rao signsAdarsh ordinance Bansal | [email protected] to provide | benefit of reservations in admissions to social and educationally backward classes (SEBCs) in medical education in the state UGC directs universities to observe May 21 as Anti-Terrorism day Economy and Business Suzuki Motorcycle India launches Gixxer SF 250 priced at Rs 1.7 lakh World Navies of India and Singapore begin their annual maritime bilateral exercise SIMBEX in the South China Sea World Bee Day observed on May 20; marks birthday of beekeeping pioneer Anton Janša Scientists adopt new hyper-accurate definitions for units of weight, electricity and temperature derived from the universal laws of Nature on the occasion of World Metrology Day World Metrology Day observed on May 20 with its theme as ‘The International System of Units – Fundamentally better’ PCT Humanity, a charity run by Indian Joginder Singh Salaria in the UAE, sets a new Guinness World Records for ‘Longest Line of Hunger Relief Package’ in Abu Dhabi Voters in Switzerland approve a measure to tighten the country’s gun laws to conform to EU regulations Sports Spain’s Rafael Nadal defeats Serbia’s Novak Djokovic in final 6-0, 4-6, 6-1 to win men’s singles title at Italian Open tennis in Rome Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 22, 2019 India Arunachal Pradesh: National People’s Party (NPP) MLA Tirong Aboh among 6 people killed by NSCN terrorists in Tirap district Indian Coast Guard (ICG) seizes Pakistani fishing boat carrying 194 packets of narcotics in Arabia Sea 8th Indo-Myanmar Coordinated Patrol (IMCOR) being held from May 20-28 in Port Blair 28th death anniversary of former PM Rajiv Gandhi observed as Anti-Terrorism Day Economy and Business RBI to create a “specialised supervisory and regulatory cadre” to strengthen supervision over commercial banks, urban cooperative banks and NBFCs Mukesh Ambani-led Reliance Industries emerges as the country’s biggest company with revenues in 2018-19 totalling Rs 6.23 lakh crore; PSU Indian Oil Corporation second with sales of Rs 6.17 lakh

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 5 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 crore French tyre major Michelin launches Primacy 4ST tyres in India World World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development observed on May 21 Former Indian Foreign Secretary Shyam Saran selected for Japan’s second highest national award – The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star UAE launches ‘Golden Card’ permanent residency scheme to woo wealthy individuals and exceptional talents Indonesia: Joko Widodo wins second term as President Malawian soldier Chancy Chitete to be honoured with the UN’s highest peacekeeping award — “Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal for Exceptional Courage, — in NY on May 24 Pakistan appoints career diplomat Mueenul Haq as its new High Commissioner to India Sports Gomathi Marimuthu, who won women’s 800 m gold at the Asian Championships in April, suspended for doping 50-year old Kami Rita Sherpa of Nepal climbs Mount Everest for 24th time, breaks his own world record Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Three-time Formula One champion Niki Lauda dies in Vienna at the age of 70 Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 23, 2019 India ISRO’s PSLV-C46 injects earth observation satellite RISAT-2B into lower earth orbit after successful launch from Sriharikota (AP) Supreme Court reaches its full sanctioned strength of 31 with appointment of 4 new judges: Aniruddha Bose, A. S. Bopanna, B. R. Gavai and Surya Kant IAF test fires aerial version of supersonic BrahMos cruise missile from a Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft Bhawana Kanth becomes 1st woman pilot of IAF to qualify to undertake combat missions Gujarat: Under new law, chain snatchers to face upto 10 years in jail instead of 3 years elsewhere in the country Assam Rifles and the Indian Coast Guard sign ‘Charter of Affiliation’ to utilise each other’s assets for training Eminent artist from Telangana Surya Prakash dies in Hyderabad at 78 Economy and Business ADB to provide USD 750 mn loan to India for railway track electrification project Tata Motors launches compact truck Intra priced at Rs 5.35 lakh TAFE ropes in Akshay Kumar as brand ambassador for its Massey Ferguson range of tractors Man Booker International Prize Oman author Joka Alharthi wins Man Booker International Prize for her Arabic novel “Celestial Bodies” Alharthi will split the 50,000-pound prize money with her UK-based translator Marilyn Booth She is the first Arabic writer to win this award Award open to books in any language that have been translated into English World International Day for Biological Diversity observed on May 22 with its theme as ‘Our Biodiversity, Our Food, Our Health’ Sushma Swaraj attends meeting of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Council of Foreign Ministers in Kyrgyz capital Bishkek Former PepsiCo CEO Indra Nooyi receives honorary degree from Yale University for achievements in business China delivers the 1st overhauled multi-role JF-17 fighter jet to the Pakistan Air Force South Africa lawmakers re-elect Cyril Ramaphosa as president

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 6 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Sports India crash out of the Sudirman Cup mixed team badminton championships after losing 0-5 to hosts China in group match Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 24, 2019 Lok Sabha Results-Highlights BJP-led NDA bags more than 300 seats, Congress-led UPA wins less than 100 Parties not allied to Congress and BJP get more than 100 seats Actor-turned-politician and BJP candidate from Gurdaspur, Sunny Deol, wins Congress President Rahul Gandhi looks set for a win from Wayanad in Kerala, lose Amethi (UP) Former PM and JD(S) chief HD Deve Gowda loses from Tumkur (Karnataka) BJP candidate from Gorakhpur (UP), Ravi Kishan, wins PM Narendra Modi wins Varanasi (UP) seat Former J&K CM minister and PDP chief Mehbooba Mufti loses Anantnag seat in J&K Amit Shah wins Gandhinagar (Gujarat) seat Assembly Results-Highlights Odisha: Biju Janata Dal (BJD) wins, Naveen Patnaik set to become CM for 5th consecutive term Andhra Pradesh: YSR (Yuvajana Sramika Rythu) Congress Party defeats ruling TDP, Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy set to become new CM Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Sikkim: Sikkim Krantikari Morcha (SKM) defeats the ruling Sikkim Democratic Front (SDF) led by CM Pawan Chamling Arunachal Pradesh: BJP likely to form the next government World UN General Assembly passes non-binding resolution asking Britain to return to Mauritius Chagos Islands in Indian Ocean Pakistan successfully test-fires ballistic missile Shaheen-II capable of hitting targets 1500 km away Sports India off-spinner Ravichandran Ashwin to play for Nottinghamshire in 2nd half of English County Cricket season Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 25, 2019 India DRDO successfully test fires 500 kg class Inertial Guided Bomb from a Su-30 MKI aircraft at Pokhran in Rajasthan BrahMos supersonic cruise missile successfully test-fired by the Indian Army from Car Nicobar Islands BJP’s Bholanath wins Machhlishahr seat in UP by just 181 votes, the lowest margin recorded in the Lok Sabha elections Gujarat: 20 persons mostly students killed in a major fire breakout at a commercial complex in Surat Economy and Business Country’s foreign exchange reserves declined USD 2.057 billion to USD 417.998 billion in the week to May 17 RBI proposes a set of guidelines for large NBFCs to help them deal with severe liquidity problems and prevent re-occurrence of IL&FS type of debt crisis HDFC sells 6.1 pc in subsidiary Gruh Finance to comply with RBI directive on Bandhan Bank-Gruh Finance merger NewSpace India Limited (NSIL), the commercial arm of ISRO, officially inaugurated in Bengaluru World Indian artist Nalini Malani wins Euro 70,000 Joan Mir Prize for 2019 in Barcelona Britain: PM Theresa May to resign as leader of ruling Conservative Party on June 7, election of new PM after June 10 India 2nd in government requests for users’ data on Facebook after United States in July-December

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 7 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 2018 Facebook removed more than three billion fake accounts in the October 2018-March 2019 Lok Sabha Seats: 542/542 Bharatiya Janata Party: 303 Indian National Congress: 52 Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK): 23 Yuvajana Sramika Rythu (YSR) Congress Party: 22 Trinamool Congress: 22 Shiv Sena: 18 Janata Dal (United): 16 Biju Janata Dal: 12 Bahujan Samaj Party: 10 Telangana Rashtra Samithi: 9 Lok Jan Shakti Party: 6 Nationalist Congress Party: 5 Samajwadi Party: 5 Independent: 4 Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Communist Party of India (Marxist): 3 Indian Union Muslim League: 3 Jammu & Kashmir National Conference: 3 Telugu Desam: 3 All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen: 2 Communist Party of India: 2 Shiromani Akali Dal: 2 Apna Dal (Soneylal): 2 Aam Aadmi Party: 1 AJSU Party: 1 All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam: 1 All India United Democratic Front: 1 Janata Dal (Secular): 1 Jharkhand Mukti Morcha: 1 Kerala Congress (M): 1 Mizo National Front: 1 Naga Peoples Front: 1 National People’s Party: 1 Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party: 1 Revolutionary Socialist Party: 1 Sikkim Krantikari Morcha: 1 Aam Aadmi Party: 1 AJSU Party: 1 All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam: 1 Rashtriya Loktantrik Party: 1 Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi: 1 2019 Assembly Results Andhra Pradesh (175/175): Janasena Party: 1, Telugu Desam: 23, Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party: 151 – Arunachal Pradesh (55/56): BJP: 37, Independent: 2, Congress: 4, Janata Dal (United): 7, National People’s Party: 4, People’s Party of Arunachal 1 Odisha (146/146): BJP: 23, Biju Janata Dal: 112, Communist Party of India (Marxist): 1, Independent: 1, Congress: 9

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 8 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Sikkim (32/32): Sikkim Democratic Front: 15, Sikkim Krantikari Morcha: 17 5/25/19, 23:10 – Gk Express: NEWS HEADLINES: May 26 India President invites leader of NDA Parliamentary Party Narendra Modi to form the new Government at the Centre Highest NOTA (none of the above) vote share of 5.04% in Lok Sabha reported from Gopalganj in Bihar Lowest NOTA (none of the above) vote share of 0.17% in Lok Sabha reported from Bidar in Karnataka BJD’s Chandrani Murmu, who won from Keonjhar in Odisha, becomes the youngest candidate elected in the history of Lok Sabha at 25 years, 11 months and 8 days Vijaya Mulay, a pioneering figure in the world of education and films, dies at the age of 98 Economy and Business High-Level Committee constituted by the Centre submits recommendations to bring down India’s dependence on crude oil imports; committee consisted of eminent Scientist Dr Anil Kakodkar and financial expert Sidharth Pradhan World Indian Army’s Lieutenant General Shailesh Tinaikar appointed the commander of the UN Mission in Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | South Sudan (UNMISS) Mount Agung volcano on Indonesia’s Bali Island erupts, flights cancelled UN maritime tribunal, the Hamburg-based International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, rules that Russia must release three Ukrainian naval vessels captured by Russia in November Africa Day, observed on May 25, is the annual commemoration of the foundation of the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) (now known as the African Union) on 25 May 1963 SpaceX launches the first 60 satellites of its ‘Starlink’ constellation, which is intended to provide Internet from space, from Cape Canaveral, Florida Barbadian singer Rihanna unveils her new fashion brand ‘Fenty’ in tie up with Louis Vuitton owner LVMH S. writer Siri Hustvedt awarded Spain’s prestigious Princess of Asturias prize for literature Indian Open Boxing India Open international boxing tournament held at the Karmabir Nabin Chandra Bordoloi Indoor Stadium in Guwahati Men’s gold winners: 49kg: Deepak, 52kg: Amit Panghal, 56kg: Chatchai Decha Butdee (Thailand), 60kg: Shiva Thapa, 64kg: Colin Rocharno (Mauritius), 69kg: Ashish, 75kg: Eumir Felix Delos Santos (Philippines); 81kg: Manish Pawar, 91kg: Naman Tanwar, +91kg: Satish Kumar Women’s gold winners: 48kg: Josie Gabuco (Philippines), 51kg: M. C. Mary Kom, 54kg: Jamuna Boro, 57kg: Neeraj, 60kg: L. Sarita Devi, 64kg: Francessa Amato (Italy), 69kg: Assunta Canfora (Italy), 75kg: Bhagyabati Kachari Best boxers: Shiva Thapa (male), Francesca Amato (Italy, female) Sports Archery World Cup Stage III in Antalya, Turkey: Men’s compound team of Rajat Chauhan, Abhishek Verma and Aman Saini earn India a solitary bronze medal Sethu FC beats Manipur Police SC in final to win the Indian Women’s League (IWL) football tournament in Ludhiana Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 26-27, 2019 India 25 states miss deadline for submitting action plans on systematic disposal of plastic waste to CPCB, face fine of Rs 1 crore Economy and Business SpiceJet becomes 4th Indian airline to have 100 aircraft in its fleet after Air India, IndiGo and the now grounded Jet Airways

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 9 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Patanjali Ayurved Limited’s MD, Acharya Balkrishna receives ‘UNSDG 10 Most Influential People in Healthcare Award’ on behalf of Patanjali Group of Institutions in Geneva World World Thyroid Day observed on May 25 Prem Tinsulanonda, Thailand’s PM from 1980 to 1988, dies at the age of 98 in Bangkok Russia launches nuclear-powered icebreaker ‘Ural’ at the Baltic Shipyard in St. Petersburg to tap commercial potential of Arctic Ocean Sri Lankan writer Guy Gunaratne wins £30,000 Swansea University International Dylan Thomas Prize for his novel’ In Our Mad and Furious City’ Cannes Fim Festival Awards Palme d’Or: Parasite (Korean) by Bong Joon-ho Grand Prix: Atlantics (Wolof) by Mati Diop Jury Prize: ‘Bacurau’ (Portuguese/English) by Kleber Mendonça Filho & Juliano Dornelles AND ‘Les Misérables’ (French) by Ladj Ly Best Director: Jean-Pierre and Luc Dardenne for ‘Young Ahmed’ (French) Best Actress: Emily Beecham for ‘Little Joe ‘(English) Best Actor: Antonio Banderas for ‘Pain and Glory’ (Spanish) Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Best Screenplay: Céline Sciamma for ‘Portrait of a Lady on Fire’ (French) Special Mention: Elia Suleiman for It Must Be Heaven (French) Un Certain Regard Award: ‘The Invisible Life of Eurídice Gusmão’ (Portuguese) by Karim Aïnouz Un Certain Regard Jury Prize: ‘Fire Will Come’ (Galician) by Oliver Laxe Un Certain Regard Award for Best Director: Kantemir Balagov for ‘Beanpole’ (Russian) Un Certain Regard Jury Award for Best Performance: Chiara Mastroianni for ‘On a Magical Night’ (French) Sports India’s Mahesh Mangaonkar beats Bernat Jaume of Spain in final 11-9, 3-11, 11-5, 11-5 to win men’s singles title at Sekisui Open squash tournament in Kriens (Switzerland) Hosts China whitewash Japan 3-0 in final in Nanjing to win Sudirman Cup Badminton title BAI (Badminton Association of India) President Himanta Biswa Sarma elected Vice President of the Badminton Asia Council (BAC); Indonesia’s Anton Aditya Subowo re-elected as the President Indian Women’s Hockey team returns after beating hosts South Korea 2-1 in 3-match series Apurvi Chandela wins gold in women’s 10m Air Rifle at ISSF World Cup Rifle/Pistol stage in Munich, Germany Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 29, 2019 India Prohibition again imposed in Mizoram after four years; Mizoram Liquor Prohibition Bill, 2019 was passed in March L&T-built Statue of Unity in Gujarat features in World Architecture News Awards 2019 West Bengal 2 MLAs from Trinamool Congress, 1 from CPI-M join BJP Trinamool Congress had won 211 seats in 294-seat Assembly in 2016, BJP had won 3 Gujarat Assembly Bypolls BJP wins all four seats – Manavadar, Dhrangadhra, Jamnagar-rural and Unjha BJP improves its strength to 104 in the 182-member House, Congress has 71 Goa Assembly Bypolls BJP wins 3 seats — Shiroda, Mandrem and Mapusa while Congress bags 1 — Panaji BJP now has 17 MLAs in 40-member house, Congress has 15 Economy and Business FDI in India declines for the first time in the last six years in 2018-19, falling by 1% to USD 44.37 billion

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 10 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Greaves Cotton rolls out electric scooter ‘Zeal’ priced at Rs 66,950 Viacom18 Media to launch Gujarati movie channel Colors Gujarati Cinema on June 1 NGT directs govt. to ban water purifiers where total dissolved solids (TDS) in water are below 500 mg per litre Rgts Duration Extended Timings for fund transfer through Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) extended by one-and-a-half hours to 6 PM for general public from June 1: RBI Under RTGS System, there is a continuous and real-time settlement of fund-transfers, individually on a transaction by transaction basis (without netting). World India elected to Executive Board of first UN-Habitat Assembly in Nairobi, Kenya Sri Lanka signs tripartite agreement with India and Japan for development of eastern terminal of Colombo port Austria’s chancellor Sebastian Kurz ousted in a no-confidence vote in Parliament Sports ISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany: India’s Rahi Sarnobat wins gold in women’s 25m pistol event Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 28, 2019 India Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Sikkim: SKM (Sikkim Krantikari Morcha) leader Prem Singh Tamang, better known as PS Golay, sworn in as CM in Gangtok Sikkim’s new CM announces a five-day working week for state government employees Squadron of MiG-21 aircraft led by Air Chief Marshal BS Dhanoa flows in ‘Missing Man’ formation to pay tribute to Squadron Leader Ajay Ahuja who was killed in action in ‘Operation Safed Sadar’ during the Kargil war DRDO successfully test fires new version of the Akash surface to air defence missile system with a new indigenously-developed seeker The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) bill, also known as Triple Talaq Bill, and Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2019 lapse with the dissolution of the 16th Lok Sabha Economy and Business Nepal-based airline Buddha Air starts Kolkata–Kathmandu flight World People in the Republic of Ireland vote to ease restrictions on divorce laws in referendum Nobel Prize winning physicist Murray Gell-Man dies at 89 in US Fiat Chrysler proposes merger with Renault to create world’s 3rd -biggest automobile company behind Volkswagen and Toyota World Menstrual Hygiene Day observed on May 28 Sports Saurabh Chaudhary wins gold in men’s 10m Air Pistol at ISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany FIDE, restores Elo ratings of many Indian players banned by AICF (All-India Chess Federation) nearly a decade ago UK’s Lewis Hamilton (Mercedes) wins Formula One Monaco Grand Prix followed by Germany’s Sebastian Vettel (Ferrari) and Finland’s Valtteri Bottas (Mercedes) in second and third places respectively Valencia defeat Barcelona 2-1 at Seville to win Copa del Rey football title in Spain Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 30, 2019 India Biju Janata Dal leader Naveen Patnaik takes oath as CM of Odisha for a record 5th consecutive term BJP leader Pema Khandu sworn-in as the Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh CPI(M)-led LDF government in Kerala to introduce 1% flood cess from July 1 West Bengal: Trinamool Congress MLA Monirul Islam joins BJP, becomes 3rd MLA to join BJP after

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 11 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Lok Sabha results IAF signs MoU with ISRO for crew selection, training for Gaganyaan Programme Environment Ministry launches song ‘Hawa Aane De’ to spread awareness about Air pollution Air Chief Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa receives the baton of Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee (COSC) from outgoing Chairman COSC and Chief of the Naval Staff Admiral Sunil Lanba BJP president Amit Shah, Union Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad and DMK leader Kanimozhi cease to be members of Rajya Sabha after their election to the Lok Sabha IIT, Guwahati signs MoU with ISRO to set up an IITG-ISRO Space Technology Cell (STC) at the institute Economy and Business Banks can use Aadhaar for KYC verification with the customer’s consent: RBI RBI extends relaxed norms for NBFC loan securitisation till Dec 31 RBI constitutes committee headed by Bain & Co Senior Advisor Harsh Vardhan to suggest ways to deepen housing finance securitisation market RBI constitutes a task force headed by Canara Bank Chairman T. N. Manoharan on secondary market development in corporate loans US removes India from its currency monitoring list; China, Japan stay Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Nine Dots Prize Indian writer Annie Zaidi wins $100,000 Nine Dots Prize for 2019 for her essay ‘Bread, Cement, Cactus’ The Nine Dots Prize is judged anonymously and funded by the Kadas Prize Foundation, a UK- registered charity World International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers observed on May 29 with theme: ‘Protecting Civilians, Protecting Peace’ 2019 IMD World Competitiveness Rankings: Singapore tops the list, India 43rd most competitive economy Everest Day observed to mark the 1st summit on May 29, 1953 by Tenzing Norgay and Sir Edmund Hillary Former President of Maldives Mohamed Nasheed elected as the new speaker of Majlis or Parliament. Sports India’s Rahi Sarnobat wins gold in women’s 25m pistol event at ISSF World Cup in Munich, Germany ICC launches criiio campaign on eve of men’s World Cup Current Affairs – News Headlines: May 31, 2019 India Narendra Modi takes oath as PM for a second consecutive term Union Council of Ministers has 24 Cabinet Ministers, 9 Ministers of State (Independent Charge) and 24 Ministers of State YSR Party leader Y. S. Jaganmohan Reddy sworn in as new CM of AP in Vijayawada, announces Rs.3,000 monthly pension for senior citizens in the state Rajasthan govt. bans production, distribution, advertisement and sale of e-cigarettes in the state Punjab bans online delivery of food without hygiene rating Odisha: Binny, India’s only orangutan, dies at 41 in Nandankanan Zoological Park in Bhubaneswar 32nd Goa Statehood Day observed on May 30 Economy and Business Delhi HC asks J&J to pay Rs 25 lakh each to 67 patients who had revision surgery for faulty hip implants Piaggio launches Aprilia Storm scooter, priced at Rs 65,000 Rolls-Royce launches luxury SUV ‘Cullinan’ priced at Rs 6.95 crore Flipkart launches its own sports and fitness brand ‘Adrenex’

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 12 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 World Pakistan further extends closure of its airspace along its eastern border with India until June 15 Israel to hold fresh election as Prime Minister Netanyahu fails to form coalition govt India 113th among 176 countries on End of Childhood Index that evaluates countries on the wellbeing of children Papua New Guinea lawmakers elected James Marape as new prime minister ‘The Godfather’ actor Carmine Caridi dies at 85 in Los Angeles World Multiple Sclerosis Day observed on May 30 Issf World Cup In Munich India top medals tally with 5 gold medals Anjum Moudgil and Divyansh Singh Panwar: 10m Air Rifle mixed team Manu Bhaker and Saurabh Chaudhary win 10m Air Pistol mixed team Apurvi Chandela: 10m Air Rifle Women Rahi Sarnobat: 25m Pistol Women Saurabh Chaudhary: 10m Air Pistol Men Sports England (311/8 in 50) beat South Africa (207/10 in 39.5) by 104 runs in opening match of ICC World Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Cup at The Oval, London Wax figure of Virat Kohli installed at the Lord’s Cricket Ground in London to mark the launch of ICC World Cup New Government At Centre – Composition Cabinet Ministers & Their Portfolios Narendra Modi: PM and also in-charge of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Atomic Energy, Space Raj Nath Singh: Defence Amit Shah: Home Affairs Nitin Jairam Gadkari: Road Transport & Highways and Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises. V. Sadananda Gowda: Chemicals and Fertilizers Nirmala Sitharaman: Finance and Corporate Affairs Ram Vilas Paswan: Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution. Narendra Singh Tomar: Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Rural Development, Panchayati Raj Ravi Shankar Prasad: Minister of Law and Justice, Communications, Electronics and Information Technology. Harsimrat Kaur Badal: Food Processing Industries Thaawarchand Gehlot: Social Justice and Empowerment Subrahmanyam Jaishankar: External Affairs Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’: Human Resource Development Arjun Munda: Tribal Affairs Smriti Zubin Irani: Women and Child Development, Textiles Harsh Vardhan: Health and Family Welfare, Science and Technology, Earth Sciences Prakash Javadekar: Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Information and Broadcasting Piyush Goyal: Railways, Commerce and Industry Dharmendra Pradhan: Petroleum and Natural Gas, Steel Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi: Minority Affairs Prahlad Joshi: Parliamentary Affairs. Coal, Mines Mahendra Nath Pandey: Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Arvind Ganpat Sawant: Heavy Industries and Public Enterprise Giriraj Singh: Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries Gajendra Singh Shekhawat: Jal Shakti MINISTERS OF STATE (INDEPENDENT CHARGE) & THEIR PORTFOLIOS

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 13 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Santosh Kumar Gangwar: Labour and Employment Rao Inderjit Singh: Statistics and Programme Implementation, Planning Shripad Yesso Naik: AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy) Jitendra Singh: Development of North Eastern Region; Kiren Rijiju: Youth Affairs and Sports Prahalad Singh Patel: Culture, Tourism Raj Kumar Singh: Power, New and Renewable Energy Hardeep Singh Puri: Housing and Urban Affairs, Civil Aviation Mansukh L. Mandaviya: Shipping Ministers of State & their Portfolios Jitendra Singh: Prime Minister’s Office, Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Department of Atomic Energy, Department of Space Shripad Yesso Naik: Defence Kiren Rijiju: Minority Affairs Raj Kumar Singh: Skill Development and Entrepreneurship. Hardeep Singh Puri: Commerce and Industry Mansukh L. Mandaviya: Chemicals and Fertilizers Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Faggansingh Kulaste: Steel Ashwini Kumar Choubey: Health and Family Welfare Arjun Ram Meghwal: Parliamentary Affairs, Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises General (Retd.) V. K. Singh: Road Transport and Highways Krishan Pal: Social Justice and Empowerment Danve Raosaheb Dadarao: Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution. Kishan Reddy: Home Affairs Parshottam Rupala: Agriculture and Farmers Welfare. Ramdas Athawale: Social Justice and Empowerment Sadhvi Niranjan Jyoti: Rural Development Babul Supriyo: Environment, Forest and Climate Change Sanjeev Kumar Balyan: Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries Dhotre Sanjay Shamrao: Human Resource Development, Communications, Electronics and Information Technology Anurag Singh Thakur: Finance, Corporate Affairs Angadi Suresh Channabasappa: Railways Nityanand Rai: Home Affairs Rattan Lal Kataria: Jal Shakti, Social Justice and Empowerment Muraleedharan: External Affairs, Parliamentary Affairs Renuka Singh Saruta: Tribal Affairs Som Parkash: Commerce and Industry Rameswar Teli: Food Processing Industries Pratap Chandra Sarangi: Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries Kailash Choudhary: Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Sushri Debasree Chaudhuri: Women and Child Development May 16, 2019 India to host Army Scouts Masters Contest for First Time India for the first time will host the ‘Army scouts masters competition’. The event is scheduled to be held between end of July to mid-August 2019, in Jaisalmer City, Rajasthan. Key Highlights About: The Army Scouts Masters Competition is a part of International Army Games steered by Russia. This is the 5th edition of International Army games. India will be a co-host of Army

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 14 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 International Scout Masters Competition 2019, which marks first such edition in international competition in which a country is a host as well as a participant. Objective: It is designed to forge strong ties with friendly foreign countries and to promote peaceful co-existence, collaboration, cooperation, team spirit, tranquility and development between contestants and at the same time facilitating sharing of best practices, hardware and technology. Purpose: Army Scout Masters Competition gives the participant countries an opportunity, and medium to learn from each other, co-operate and carry back best practices. It seeks to enhance international military to military and technical co-operation between participating states. Organiser: The event will be conducted under Indian Army and will be organised by Indian Army’s ‘Konark Corps’ at Jaisalmer Military Station. Participants: There are twenty-seven representatives from various countries. Besides India, namely Russia, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Sudan, Zimbabwe, and China will be participating. Few teams from eight countries (including Russia and China) have already arrived in Jaisalmer for coordination conference. Format: It is going to be held in five stages. The stages are designed such that it will test navigation skills, teamwork amongst participating teams, marksmanship, and endurance under an

international panel comprising of expertsAdarsh Bansal | judges,[email protected] and arbiters. | Involves: It involves simulated battle scenarios such as: driving infantry, setting up ambushes, combat vehicles, infiltrating behind enemy lines, surviving chemical and nuclear-effected environments, and ex-filtrate from enemy territory. The event will provide a platform for major military equipment such as Mi-17s, Advanced Light Helicopters, BMP infantry combat vehicles and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). About International Army Games Background: Since 2015, Russia has been holding International Army Games. From past four consecutive years International scout competitions were taking place at Koltsovo training ground in Novosibirsk Region. It is conducted under established format of competition amongst Scouts. Format: Around 30 countries participate in competition. They battle out in dozens of competitions spread over a fortnight (about two weeks) to prove which has best military in the world. Participant countries send in their troops in sports version of warfare on land, air, and sea. It includes tank biathlon and fighter planes maneuvering contest. India’s Partcipation: Since its inception, India has been participating in Army Games. In July 2018, Indian Army participated in two competitions namely Tank Biathlon and Elbrus Ring (which is mountain warfare combat patrol competition) of International Army games held in Russia. Women referees for AFC Cup clash The Asian Football Confederation (AFC) recently announced that for the first time in history an all-female referee team will take charge of a Men’s Continental Club Cup clash. Key Highlights For the first time in AFC history, three Japanese female referees namely Naomi Teshirogi, Mokoto Bozono and Yoshimi Yamashita will officiate a men’s AFC Cup match. The trio will also be among 12 officials from the AFC to officiate the FIFA Women’s World Cup in June 2019. The AFC Cup match officiated by them will be between Naga World (Cambodia’s team) and Yangon United (Myanmar’s team) at the Thuwunna Stadium in Yangon, Myanmar (Burma). Importance: In past Women officials were only employed as assistant referees in AFC Cup matches. It was in 2014 when Australians Alysson Flynn and Sarah Ho became first female assistant referees in AFC Cup matches. This new decision by club marks a new milestone in Asian refereeing. About The AFC Cup It is an International association football competition. It was founded in 2004. It is held annually between different domestic clubs run by Asian Football Confederation (AFC). Every year around 36 teams participate in competition.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 15 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 It is second-string (means second choice) Asian club competition, just one position below AFC Champions League. The AFC Cup 2019 is the 16th edition of AFC Cup. Arunachal has 35% of India’s Graphite Deposits: GSI Report The Geological Survey of India (GSI) in its report revealed that about 35 % of India’s total Graphite reserves is found in Arunachal Pradesh. This is the highest found in country. Key findings of Report About: The GSI presented the said data during its annual interactive meeting with the Department of Geology and Mining & Industries, Government of Arunachal Pradesh in Itanagar (Arunachal Pradesh Capital). Issue: At present India imports majority of Graphite from other countries. Importance: With 35 % of India’s Graphite deposits being found in Arunachal Pradesh, the State could now be developed as leading producer of graphite in country thus helping in meeting its future needs. Suggestions: The Arunachal Pradesh’s secretary of Department of Geology and Mining suggested that the survey and drilling activities of GSI should be moved towards India-China international Border. As per the reports China is undertakingAdarsh Bansal huge | [email protected] graphite mining | activities across the border in Tibet Autonomous Region. Therefore, road and infrastructure development towards the (Sino-India) international border should act as a boon for exploration and extraction of mineral at the same time meeting India needs and reducing imports. Note: of the total 3,488 km border India shares with China, Arunachal Pradesh shares 1,126 km. About Geological Survey of India (GSI) It was founded in 1851 with primarily goal of finding coal deposits for the Railways. It is an attached office to the Ministry of Mines and it is Headquartered in Kolkata. Function: To create and update national geoscientific information and mineral resource assessment. Services Undertaken: The objectives of GSI are achieved through various surveys like marine, airborne, ground, and also by mineral investigations. It also undertakes multi-disciplinary studies like geo-environmental, geoscientific, geo-technical, and natural hazards, and carrying out fundamental research. About Graphite It is the most stable allotrope of Carbon, with standard entropy being zero. It is the only non-metal element which is a good conductor of electricity. It is also known as a dry lubricant for its greasy feel. It has many industrial applications, especially for products that need very high heat. ICC World Cup 2019: First Time an Anticorruption officer for each team For the first time in world cup history, each participating team at upcoming ICC World Cup 2019 will have a dedicated anti-corruption officer attached with it. The move is to deliver a corruption-free tournament. About: The International Cricket Council (ICC) will attach an anti-corruption official to all the 10 participating teams. The officer will be with each team starting from warm-up matches till the end of World cup tournament. Previous Structure: Earlier, the International Cricket Council’s (ICC) Anti-Corruption Unit had its personnel deployed at each venue, means that participating teams had to deal with a number of officials over course of a tournament. New Structure: Now, the same anti-corruption official will be assigned to a team from warm-up matches (start of competition) till end of the competition. They will be staying in same hotel as that of players and also travelling with them to training and matches. Significance: The move is aimed at delivering a corruption and fixing free World Cup. By being with teams throughout the competition, it is possible that officials would be in better position to spot any potential corruptors who lurk might near players or back-room staff and thus identify any

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 16 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 behaviour that may be seem suspicious to them. India finds OECD’s STR Index faulty India has found problems with the current methodology adopted by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) under its Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI) to rank countries. Key Highlights About: A study commissioned by Indian Ministry of Commerce found that OECD index, the STRI has a several problems associated with it, which also includes some significant design issues that render the index impractical for use. Issues: As per India the outcomes of STRI are biased and counter-intuitive. The initial work suggests that there are both empirical and theoretical inconsistencies in STRI’s methodology. The data generated by OECD’s methodology seems to have been through arbitrary procedures and reflects being bias towards developed country. It shows Indian services sector as highly restrictive in areas such as FDI. Impractical: For instance, STRI seems to show the services sector in India as one of the most restrictive in world, particularly in policy areas like foreign entry, FDI etc. This is astonishing as since 1991, following the LPG reformsAdarsh the Bansal one | [email protected] area that has | seen maximum liberalisation in India is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). India’s Approach: India is trying to build a consensus around adopting a new method of measuring trade restrictiveness in services sector. For this India approached several developing countries during recently-concluded WTO Ministerial talks held in New Delhi. It has also approached South Africa, Indonesia, China, Turkey and Brazil. India’s Argument: Unlike manufacturing trade which has a well-documented system of classification of commodities, the problem in services, is that for a long time there was not any way to find that whether a country’s service trade policies were restrictive. Also, even if it was ascertain as restrictive it was not known that what to do about it since services trade is usually regulated by domestic regulations and not border tariffs. About STRI It was launched in 2014, by The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). It purpose is to rank countries based on their services trade policies. STRI (computed by OECD) is now available for year 2018. It includes a total of 45 economies (with 36 OECD and the rest non-OECD) and 22 sectors. These countries and sectors undertaken represent more than 80% of global trade in services. US’s Berkeley Lab creates PDK, a Fully Recyclable Plastic A team of researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory of United States’ (US) Department of Energy’s (DOE) has designed a fully recyclable plastic which can be disassembled into its constituent parts at molecular level. The discovery was reported in journal named Nature Chemistry. Key Facts About: Scientists have created a next-generation plastic that can be fully recycled into new materials of any form, shape or colour without any loss of its performance or quality. The name of newly created recyclable plastic is Poly (Diketoenamine), or PDK. Fact: All conventional plastics (like automobile parts, water bottles) are made up of large molecules called polymers. The polymers are further composed of repeating units of shorter carbon-containing compounds called Problem: On one hand most plastics were never made to be recycled and on other hand problem with many plastic is that chemicals added to make them useful like fillers (which makes plastic tough) or plasticisers (which makes plastic flexible) are tightly bound to monomers units and therefore stay in plastic even after it is been processed at a recycling plant. This makes the recycling difficult.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 17 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 About Poly (Diketoenamine), or PDK Function: With its creation scientists have discovered a new way to assemble plastics which unlike earlier takes recycling into consideration from a molecular perspective. It means that this recyclable plastic can be disassembled into its constituent parts at molecular level. Process Involved: Unlike conventional plastics, the monomers which make PDK plastic could be easily recovered and freed from any compounded additives just by dunking the plastic material in a highly acidic solution. The acid then breaks down PDK polymers into monomers and also allows monomers to be separated from entwined chemical additives that give plastic its actual look and feel. Way Forward Researchers now plan to develop PDK plastics with a range of properties from thermal to mechanical which could have multiple applications like textiles, 3D printing, and foams. They are also experimenting to expand plastic formulations by incorporating certain plant-based materials and other sustainable sources.

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

RBI releases Vision Document (2019-2021) for e-Payment System The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has released a vision document to ensure a more convenient, affordable, quick, safer and secure e-payment system. The RBI’s vision document is titled ‘Payment And Settlement Systems In India: Vision 2019 – 2021’ Key Highlights about Vision Document Reason: The vision document is released on a pretext that as per RBI’s speculations number of digital transactions in country is expected to increase more than four times to 8,707 crore in December 2021. Also, digital payment systems like UPI and IMPS are most likely to register an average annual growth of more than 100%, and NEFT will grow at 40%, over the period of 2019 – 2021. Core Theme of Vision Document: Empowering Exceptional E-payment Experience. Objective: It envisages achieving “a highly digital and cash-lite society”. To achieve its objective the goal posts of RBI involves 4Cs, namely convenience, confidence, competition and cost-effectiveness.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 18 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Implementation Period: The bank will implement the approach outlined in this Vision Document during period 2019 – 2021. Approach Adopted: by RBI will continue to be that of minimal intervention in pricing of charges to customers for digital payments and RBI’s all efforts will be to facilitate the operation of payment systems which are more efficient and more price-attractive. Key Feature of Document: It talks about creating customer awareness, setting up a a self-regulatory organisation and 24X7 operational helpline for system operators as well as for service providers, among others. The ‘No-Compromise’ approach towards security and safety of payment systems will remain a hallmark of vision. No specific target has been considered for reducing cash in circulation. Way Forward Throughout the world the payment systems landscape will continue to change with entry of more players and further innovations in sector. But it is expected that this will ensure optimal cost to customers and freer access to multiple payment system options. Indian Coast Guard Ship (ICGS) Vigraha decommissioned The Indian Coast Guard ship (ICGS) Vigraha was decommissioned at Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh. The decommissioning ceremony was attendedAdarsh Bansal by | [email protected] former |Commanding Officers who had been at the helm of the ship, along with former and the present crew. About ICGS Vigraha Service: It is a frontline offshore patrol vessel (OPV). It was commissioned into service on April 12, 1990. It has played an instrumental role in protecting east coast of India for 29 years of service from 1990 to 2019. Builder: It was the seventh OPV built by Mazagaon Dock Ltd, Mumbai. It was first of its class among other OPVs of third series. It was later based at Visakhapatnam and since then it had been instrumental in protecting east coast in general and Andhra Pradesh coast in particular. It was also leased to Sri Lankan Navy on a dry lease from August 2008 to January 2011. Later, it was re-inducted into Indian Coast Guard (IGC) in January 2019 after which it was continuously based at Visakhapatnam. It played an important role in execution of assigned missions in seafronts of Coast Guard Regions where ever it was based like of Mumbai in West, Porbandar in North West and Visakhapatnam in East. Participated: in major coast guard operations involving humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, pollution response, anti-poaching, repatriation, joint exercises and search and rescue, among others. During its Vigraha has been instrumental in saving many lives at sea and also helped in apprehending many poachers and smugglers. It most prominent laurel was 275 kg silver haul. Retd. Justice Madan Lokur Appointed Judge of Supreme Court of Fiji The Retired judge of Indian Supreme Court Justice Madan B Lokur has been appointed to the Supreme Court of Fiji. About The Appointment Justice Lokur is appointed as a judge of Supreme Court of Fiji’s non-resident panel. He will assume charge of his new role on 15 August 2019. Tenure: He has been appointed in new role for a period of three years. Background: On December 31 2018, Justice Lokur demitted the office as a Supreme Court justice after his superannuation. It is likely that Justice Lokur received the offer from Chief Justice of the Fiji Supreme Court on the day of his retirement itself. The Supreme Court of Fiji In one year it has three sessions in total. Justice Lokur will attend August session which starts from August 15 to August 30, 2019. Other countries that have been invited by Fiji over the years are South Africa, Sri Lanka, Australia,

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 19 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Malaysia, Singapore and New Zealand. About Justice Madan Lokur In July 1977, he enrolled as an advocate and practised in High Court of Delhi and the Supreme Court. In 1981, he became an Advocate-on-Record in Supreme Court. In 1998 he was appointed as Additional Solicitor General and continued in that post till February 1999 when he was appointed an Additional Judge of Delhi High Court (HC). In July 1999, he was made a permanent judge. Later he served as Chief Justice of Gauhati High Court and then Andhra Pradesh High Court before being elevated to SC. He was appointed as judge of Supreme Court of India on 4 June 2012. He retired as Supreme Court judge on 31 December 2018, after a terme of more than 6 years. May 17, 2019 Claude Monet’s ‘Mueles’ Painting sets Record for Impressionist Work A Painting by Claude Monet’s titled ‘Mueles’ sold for a record-breaking price of $110.7 million at Sotheby’s auction in New York. Key Highlights History: The French painter Claude Monet’s painting titled “Meules” was made in 1890. The painting auctioned is among one of 25 “Meules” (which means “Grainstacks”) and it was created by

painter in year 1890 and 1891. The significanceAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] of this painting | is that it was the first instance when painter went back to same subject while differing on atmospheric conditions. Record: By fetching $110.7 million painting created a world auction record for the artist (Monet’s) as well as became first work of an Impressionist Art to cross over $100 million threshold at an auction. It now becomes the 9th most expensive painting to have ever been sold at an international auction house. There were six bidders who participated in process but painting was eventually sold to an unidentified buyer. Artwork Present: It is also one of the total eight artworks by the Claude Monet that was not available in museums and was acquired by private hands. The rest of his paintings are in Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York in US, Musée d’Orsay, Paris in France and Art Institute of Chicago. About Haystacks Haystack is common English title for a series of Claude Monet’s impressionist paintings. The principal behind subject of each painting in this series is ‘stacks of harvested wheat’. Nepal’s Kami Rita scales Mount Everest for Record 23rd time A 49-year-old veteran Nepali Sherpa named Kami Rita scaled Mount Everest for 23rd time, breaking his own world record. He reached atop the world’s highest peak which is 8,850-metres high. About Kami Rita Sherpa He belongs to Thame village of Solukhumbu district in Nepal and yet again successfully climbed Mount Everest from Nepal side breaking his own world record for most summits on the roof of the world. Background: Rita started his Mount Everest climbing expedition since 1994. But, in 1995 after his client got sick on way to the summit, he couldn’t climb the Everest. Later in 1995, he abandoned the summit bid after one of the deadliest avalanche experienced which killed some expedition teams. In 2017, Kami became third person to climb Mount Everest for 21st time. With this he matched the achievement of Phurba Tashi Sherpa and Apa Sherpa, both of them, have retired since then. In 2018 he summited the Mt. Everest 22nd time in 2018 and set a record of most summits on Mount Everest.

About Sherpa It is an ethnic groups native to most mountainous regions of the Himalayas and Nepal. The word Sherpa is derived from Shar (“east”) and Wa (“people”) which originally meant “people from the East”.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 20 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Earlier word Sherpa (or Sherwa) simply denoted a group of people who migrated to Nepal from Eastern Tibet. e-Vidhan: Kerala Assembly to Digitize all its Records The Kerala Legislative Assembly recently announced an initiative to digitize all its records and proceedings under its ambitious project called E-Vidhan which enables state legislature to go fully digital and completely paperless. Key Highlights Time: The first phase of digitization project is expected to be completed in next 14 months. But for functioning of library and all departments attached to Assembly to go completely paperless, it would take around two years. Project Execution: Earlier, the state government sought Central governments aid to execute the project but it is now being executed by the state-owned fund. The mammoth work of digitizing has been awarded to Cyberpark, which is run by Ooralungal Labour Contract Cooperative Society. Once the project is completed, all the Assembly proceedings like submission of notice by a member, question and answers, and all the other correspondence and business concerning the Assembly will go paperless. Significance: The state Assembly handles hundreds of various Bills, notices and committee reports which demands massive paperwork. AdarshWith Bansal this | [email protected] digitization | project the assembly will completely get rid of paper in all its business transactions. Benefits: It is expected that if Kerala Assembly shifts completely into e-space it will save time as well as printing costs of about Rs.35 crore to Rs.49 crore annually. About e-Vidhan The e-Vidhan in State Legislatures and e-Sansad in Parliament are mission mode projects under Digital India. The aim is to digitize and make their functioning paperless which means make both Parliament and state legislature documents, including speeches, committee reports, questions and debates available on internet. This will make their functioning transparent, responsive, productive, more accountable and participative to public. Government implements Project ‘SPARROW-CBIC’ for online writing of APAR Government of India has now implemented Project ‘SPARROW-CBIC’ for online writing of Annual Performance Appraisal Report (APAR) in SPARROW, for over 46,000 Group ‘B’ and Group ‘C’ Officers of Central Board of Indirect Taxes & Customs (CBIC) working in its various formations all across India. The term SPARROW stands for ‘Smart Performance Appraisal Report Recording Online Window’. Key Features Background: Online writing of Annual Performance Appraisal Report’s (APAR) in SPARROW for IRS (C&CE) Officers has already been implemented in year 2016-17. The Indian Revenue Service C&CE handles set of indirect taxes namely Service Tax, Central Excise, Customs etc. Implemented By: The Directorate General of Human Resource Development (DGHRD), the Human resources Management (HRM) arm of Central Board of Indirect Taxes & Customs (CBIC) of Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance (MoF) is the implementing agency. It is being implemented in more than 400 formations of CBIC throughout India. About SPARROW-CBIC: It is a project for online writing of Annual Performance Appraisal Report (APAR) for Officers of CBIC. It is one of its kind project in terms of number and scale of employees covered as far as Central Government Departments are concerned. It seeks to bring a complete change in APAR management of large number of Group ‘B’ & Group ‘C’ Officers and Staff of CBIC. This would in turn lead to better Human resources Significance: Project leverages modern technology for enhancing morale and overall efficiency of everyone working in Central GST and Customs formations of CBIC. It serves as an important milestone in journey towards digitisation and paper less working. India Signs ‘Christchurch Call to Action’ Initiative India has recently joined a major global initiative called ‘Christchurch call to action’ to combat extremism

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 21 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 and terrorism online and make internet a safe and secure place. It was signed by a group of governments and major tech companies at a summit in Paris. Background: New Zealand’s Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern and French President Emmanuel Macron recently launched an ambitious new initiative called “Christchurch Call”, which is aimed at curbing extremism online. The initiative was pushed by Ms Ardern in backdrop of extremist attacks on two mosques in New Zealand city on 15 March 2019, in which a white supremacist gunned down 51 people and broadcasted live footage on Facebook. This gave rise to growing realisation that current abuse of social media by extremists must be countered. Participants: A total of 18 countries including European Union (EU) supported the initiative along representatives of online giants like Facebook, Google, YouTube, Microsoft, Amazon and Twitter. Objective: To curb online extremism by stopping abuse of Internet by extremists. It also calls for an open, free and secure internet to foster economic growth, enhance social inclusiveness and promote connectivity. Argument: The dissemination of such extremist content online has adverse impacts on the human rights of victims, on collective security of individuals involved as well as people all over the world. About Christchurch Call Agreement It is a non-binding set of agreements to combat spread of hate and violent content online. It was Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | signed by a group of governments and major tech companies at a summit in Paris Unique: It is believed to be first document of its type like one which is signed by both major governments and private companies. Mandate: All signatories pledge to eliminate violent, terrorist and extremist content on social media as well as other online platforms. But pledge does not contain any regulatory or enforcement measures, and it would be completely up to each individual country and company to decide on how it would honour its voluntary commitments. The pledge also does not include the definition of ‘violent extremist content’, and it is up to individual companies to decide on what constituted objectionable material. It asks member nations to adopt and enforce laws which ban objectionable material, and set guidelines on how each countries traditional media can report acts of terrorism without amplifying them. It asks tech companies to comply with their terms of service, and re-evaluate their algorithms which direct online users towards extremist content and at the same time commit to redirecting people looking for extremist material online. NOTE: The United States declined to join the Christchurch call to action initiative. Following are the signatories Nations:

MoU Signed for Rudraksh Trees Plantation in Ganga Basin A tripartite Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), INTACH (The Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage) and HCL Foundation for plantation of 10,000 Rudraksh trees in catchment area of river Ganga Basin in Uttarakhand. Key Highlights of MoU About: NMCG has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with INTACH and HCL Foundation to take up a project of ‘Plantation of 10000 Rudraksh Trees in Uttarakhand’. This is part of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative under ‘Namami Gange’ Programme. Objective: To create a greener ecosystem in Ganga Basin. For this the project aims at planting Rudraksh trees in Uttarakhand in association with local community and other stakeholders within state. This will also help in generating income for people residing in those plantation areas. Significance: The project undertaken will provide sustainable and comprehensive solutions for a cleaner ecosystem along the stretch catchment area of river Ganga. It covers about 97 towns and

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 22 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 4,465 villages on Ganga stretch and being a public-private partnership (PPP) provides initiative a much-needed impetus. About Rudraksh Tree Scientific Name: Elaeocarpus ganitrus The term is derived from words Rudra which is one of hindu Lord Shiva’s vedic names and Akṣa means ‘teardrops’. Thus, Rudraksh actually means Lord Shiva’s teardrops. It is a large evergreen tree, with a height of 60-80 feet and has broad-leaves. It is the seeds of the tree which are known as Rudraksh. Its seed is traditionally used for prayer beads in Hinduism and Buddhism and primarily used in India and Nepal. About INTACH It is an autonomous non-governmental Indian non-profit charitable organization. It was founded in 1984 and is registered under the Societies’ Registration Act, 1860. It seeks to preserve Indian culture and heritage. UN has INTACH was awarded a special consultative status with United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) by UN in 2007. Football: China to host AFC Asian Cup 2023

After South Korea’s withdrawal from their Adarshbid Bansal to |stage [email protected] Asian Cup | Football tournament bid China will now be hosting 2023 AFC Asian Cup. China was the sole other bidder and now has a free run to become hosts. Key Details Background: In 2017, The KFA announced Seoul’s bid to host the 24-nation AFC 2023 edition. It would have been after a gap of 63 years that South korea would have hosted the most prestigious football tournament in Asia. It hosted AFC for the first time in 1960. About: South korea’s withdrawal from Asian Cup means that on 4 June 2019 China should be confirmed by Asian Football Confederation as new host of the Asian nations championship finals. Previously, Indonesia and Thailand had expressed interest in hosting AFC 2023 event, but then dropped their bids. Earlier: This is the second time China will be hosting the event. It was in 2004 when China staged the tournament lost with 3-1 to Japan in Beijing final. Reason: As per the Korea Football Association (KFA) it pulled out of hosting tournament so as to ‘strategically focus’ on a joint bid with North Korea to host Women’s World Cup which will also be held in 2023. About Women’s World Cup 2023 Background: The KFA announced the joint bid with North Korea in March 2019. For the Women’s World Cup 2023 the South Korean government and Fifa (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) will provide active support so that joint hosting by South and North Koreas can be materialized. But after recent North Korea-US nuclear talks deadlocked, the diplomatic contacts between Pyongyang (North Korea Capital) and Seoul (South Korea Capital) have been dwindling. Note The AFC 2019 tournament was 17th edition of AFC Cup was held from 5 January to 1 February 2019. It was hosted by United Arab Emirates (UAE). The number of participant team was expanded to 24 nations for the first time from the earlier 16-team format. Qatar won the final with 3-1 against Japan. UN Sasakawa Award 2019: Awarded to Pramod Kumar Mishra The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) conferred ‘Sasakawa Award 2019’ for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) to Pramod Kumar Mishra, Additional Principal Secretary to Prime Minister of India. Key Facts The Sasakawa Awardee was announced at recent Award Ceremony during 6th Session of Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (GPDRR) 2019 held at Geneva, Switzerland. Pramod Kumar Mishra was awarded in recognition of his dedication to improve resilience of

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 23 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 communities most exposed to disasters and for his personal commitment to social inclusion, which as per him acts as a critical principle to reduce inequality and enhances safety net of socially and economically marginalized section of society. About Sasakawa Award It is the most prestigious international award in Disaster Risk Management (DRM) area. It is jointly organized by United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and the Nippon Foundation. Objective: It recognizes individuals, initiatives and organizations which have contributed towards ensuring inclusive participation in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) activities for all sections of society. Prize: The Sasakawa Awardee (one or more winners) is given a total grant of US $50,000. Background: In 1986 Mr. Ryoichi Sasakawa, the founding Chairman of Nippon Foundation, established following three prizes – The United Nations (UN) Sasakawa Award for Disaster Reduction. The World Health Organization (WHO) Sasakawa Health Prize. The UN Environment Programme (UNEP) Sasakawa Environment Prize. Sasakawa Award 2019: For this year’s award UNDRR received more than 61 nominations from 31 countries. The theme of 2019 Sasakawa award was- “Building Inclusive and Resilient Societies”. About GPDRR Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | It is a multi-stakeholder forum to review progress, share knowledge and discuss the latest developments and trends in reducing disaster risk. It was established by the UN General Assembly (UNGA). It a biennial meeting which takes place every two years. It was first held in 2007. Its sixth session took place in Geneva, Switzerland from 13 May to 17 May, 2019. Global Drug Survey 2019: First Time Polled Indian Respondents The Global Drugs Survey, a survey of recreational drug-use for the first time polled respondents from India. It found that more than any other nationalities, Indians are seeking help to reduce their alcohol intake which reflects awareness of abuse. GDS 2019 is the 8th annual report published by the organisation. About Global Drug Survey (GDS) It is an independent research organisation based in London, United Kingdom (UK). It runs the largest global survey on recreational drug-use. It is basically an anonymised online survey which uses a detailed questionnaire to assess trends in self-reported harms and drug use among regular drug users and early adopters of new trends. Covers: Although it is not designed to determine the prevalence of drug behaviour in all the population of country but it throws light on prevalent stigmatized behaviours and health outcomes of that hidden population which is otherwise difficult to reach. Importance: It can be used to inform targeted interventions about outcomes of drug-use. It uses its data and expertise to create digital health applications delivering screening as well as brief interventions for alcohol and drugs. It also produces a range of drug education materials for health and legal professionals, the entertainment industry and the general public. GDS 2019: Key Findings about India In comparison to respondents from other nationalities the Indians respondents are seeking help to reduce their drugs and alcohol intake. Survey Shows Indians Willingness: that 51% of respondents wanted to ‘drink less’ in the following year and while only about 43% of Indians reported using cannabis but, the 51% among them also wanted to use ‘less cannabis’ in the following year. This wanting is more than any other nationality and reflects awareness of abuse by Indians. Tobacco, Alcohol and Cannabis were among the most common drugs used by Indians. Drunk Data: Out of almost 1,00,000 respondents from 30 countries worldwide, Indians reported ‘being drunk’ on an average of 41 times in the last one year. They are still behind Australia, Canada, U.K., U.S., and Denmark but well above the global average of 33 times.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 24 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Female Data: Only 6% of female Indians were surveyed who reported seeking ‘emergency medical treatment’ in last one yaer. The global female average for seeking emergency medical treatment was about 13%. May 18, 2019 17 May: World Telecommunication and Information Society Day observed On 17 May, World Telecommunication and Information Society Day (WTISD) was celebrated throughout the world. The year 2019 marks the 50th anniversary of WTISD. About WTISD Background: The World Telecommunication and Information Society Day was first observed on 17 May since 1969. The day marks the establishment of International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and also the signing of the first International Telegraph Convention in 1865 in Paris. Since 1969 it is being celebrated every year. Objective: It seeks to help raise awareness about possibilities which can be brought to societies and economies with the use of Internet and other information and communication technologies (ICT). It also promotes awareness about using ICT to explore ways to bridge digital divide. About WTISD 2019 This year’s theme was: ‘Bridging the standardization gap’.

2019 theme will allow InternationalAdarsh Bansal Telecommunication | [email protected] | Union (ITU) Members and other stakeholders to focus on opportunities: 1. To promote implementation of international standards in developing countries. 2. To Increase participation of developing countries in ITU’s standards-making process. 3. To empower local experts in standardization process at national, regional and international levels. About ITU ITU was established in 1865 and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. Function: It is the specialized agency of United Nations (UN) for issues concerning information and communication technologies (ICTs). The fundamental pillar of ITU’s mission is setting standards. ITU standards also help accelerate ICTs for all Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). It is a member of United Nations Development Group (UNDP). Members: 193 countries and about 800 sector members including academic institutions and private sector entities has membership of ITU. India: Since 1869 India is an active member of ITU. It became a regular member of ITU Council in 1952. In November 2018, India was reelected as a ITU Council’s Member for another 4-year term beginning 2019 to 2022. 16 May: International Day of Light observed The International Day of Light (IDL) was observed on May 16 by UNESCO. The year 2019 marks the global celebration of Second International Day of Light after its inauguration in 2018. About IDL It is an annual, global initiative which provides a focal point for continued appreciation of light. It calls to harness potential of scientific cooperation and strengthen it so as to foster peace and sustainable development. The day marks the anniversary of first successful operation of laser by engineer and physicist Theodore Maiman on 16 May 1960. Background: Following a highly successful International Year of Light and Light-based Technologies in 2015, which saw more than 13,000 activities implemented in 147 countries, the Executive Board of UNESCO, at its 200th session (200 EX/Decision 27), established 16 May of every year to be observed as International Day of Light. Thus the first IDL was celebrated at UNESCO Headquarters in Paris on 16 May, 2018. Objective: It aims to raise awareness about critical role played by all the light-based technologies in the lives of people all around the world in areas of education, art and culture sustainable development, science and technology and in fields as diverse as medicine, communications and energy.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 25 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Significance: IDL contributes to building new bridges between education and scientific disciplines. By encouraging worldwide community-driven actions in science outreach and education it offers The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) an opportunity to fulfill its mission of promoting international cooperation in basic sciences and STEM Education (which includes four specific disciplines- science, technology, engineering and mathematics). IDL 2019 On the occasion of IDL 2019 the ‘Illuminating Education Conference’ was held at the UNESCO Category 1 Institute: Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) in Trieste, Italy. The UNESCO-ICTP Illuminating Education Conference was the Flagship Celebration of the IDL 2019. Taiwan: First Asian country to Legalise Same-Sex Marriage On May 17, 2019 in a landmark decision, Taiwan became the first country in Asia to legalise same-sex marriage thus giving gay couples the ‘Right to Marry’. Key Highlights About: The Taiwanese parliament took the historic step by passing a law in favour of same-sex couples and allowing them to form ‘exclusive permanent unions’. Features: The bill was passed on 17 May whichAdarsh Bansalis celebrated| [email protected] annually | as the ‘International Day Against Homophobia, Transphobia and Biphobia’. The law contains a clause that allows couples to apply for a ‘marriage registration’ with the government agencies. It also offer few adoption rights to same-sex couples like allowing spouses to adopt biological children of their partner. But does not allows same-sex couples to co-adopt. LGBTQ Rights: Taiwan has long been a hub for LGBT activism. Even its annual gay pride parade is the largest in the region. The Taiwanese LGBTQ community has now been campaigning for years to have similar and equal marriage rights as heterosexual couples. The move marks a huge victory for the community’s struggle and rights. Significance: With even president of Taiwan, Tsai Ing-wen campaigning for a platform of marriage equality, and the historic judgement that followed, this places Taiwan at the vanguard of Asia’s rapidly growing gay rights movement. Importance: It is a good start and major step towards true equality and ending discrimination based on sexual orientation. Geographical Facts: Taiwan It is officially called as Republic of China (ROC) and is a self-governing island nation in East Asia. States Neighbouring Taiwan: The Philippines in south, People’s Republic of China (PRC) in West, Japan in northeast. It is in western Pacific Ocean and lies about 160 km off the coast of southeastern China (SCS). I. M. Pei, a pillar of modern architecture, dies at 102 in US Ieoh Ming Pei, the globe-trotting, versatile, preeminent Chinese-US architect who created a distinct brand of modern building design with his sharp lines and exquisite structures, has died at age of 102 years. Background I.M. Pei was born on 26 April 1917, in Canton, China and in 1935 he came to United States with plans to study architecture. He studied architecture at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University and had plans to practice in China. But World War II and revolution in China prevented him from going back Renowned Works of I.M. Pei In 1948 in US he started his early work of designing low-income housing, office buildings, and later shifted to designing mixed-used complexes to a worldwide collection of municipal buildings, hotels and museums. Some of them are Society Hill apartment complex in Philadelphia, Mile High Center office building in Denver, and Kips Bay Plaza Apartments in Manhattan. His other renowned works includes:

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 26 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 The trapezoidal addition to National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., The chiseled towers of National Center of Atmospheric Research that blend in with reddish mountains in Boulder, Colorado. The multi-shaped Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, that is on shore of Lake Erie in downtown Cleveland, Ohio. Shows he captured the spirit of rebellion. He revived The Louvre with a Giant Glass (about 22-metre) pyramid in Paris Bank of China tower in Hong Kong, He even designed the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar, which opened in 2008 to fanfare. Awards Conferred to I.M. Pei National Medal of Arts in 1988 by President Reagan. Pritzker Architecture Prize in 1983. In 1979 he was awarded American Institute of Architects Gold Medal. Presidential Medal of Freedom (one of highest civilian awards of the United States) in 1992 by President George H.W. Bush. US President unveils Merit-Based Immigration System The United States President Donald Trump has proposed rolling out of a new immigration plan named ‘merit-based immigration system’. The announcement was made in his recent immigration policy address speech in Rose Garden at White House. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Key Highlights About: The new ‘merit and point based immigration policy’ recently proposed by US President Trump will replace the existing green cards (given by US) with ‘Build America’ visa. Criteria: As per President Trump under the proposed system of merit-based immigration, the permanent legal residency would be given based on the individual’s points for their age, civic sense, job opportunities and knowledge. Besides this all immigrants applying will be required to pass a civics exam prior to admission and learn English. Benefits: The proposals will significantly increase quota for highly-skilled workers from existing nearly 12% to 57%. The merit-based immigration system will stand to benefit all the foreigners, including thousands of Indian skilled workers and working professionals wo are waiting to get permanent legal residency or Green Cards. Difficulty: The proposals would still have to be approved by Congress where currently Democrats (opposition party to Trump’s Republican Party) control the lower house. Background Every year United States issues about 1.1 million green cards, which gives foreign nationals life-time permission to work and live in US and also act a path to citizenship in five years. Currently most of cards are issued based on family links and diversity visa which favours applicants with family ties to the US. Under this current system only a small section of green card is given to people who are highly skilled and professionals. Also President Trump has always taken a hard line view on immigration starting from 2016. Even in early 2019 he declared a national emergency on the US southern border (US-Mexican border), claiming of building the wall to halt all illegal migration. MRSAM: successfully tested by Indian Navy Indian Navy successfully conducted test firing of Medium Range Surface to Air Missile (MRSAM) on the Western Seaboard. Key Highlights About: The Indian Navy undertook its maiden cooperative engagement firing of Medium Range Surface to Air Missile (MRSAM) and has achieved a significant milestone in enhancing its Anti Air Warfare Capability. These Surface to Air Missiles are for now fitted onboard Kolkata Class Destroyers (comprised of INS Kolkata, INS Kochi and INS Chennai) and in future would be fitted on all major warships of the Indian Navy.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 27 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Undertaken by: The firing trial was carried out jointly by the Indian Navy, Israel Aerospace Industries and Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Undertaken on: The firing was undertaken on Western Seaboard by Indian Naval Ships (INS) Kochi and INS Chennai in which the missiles of both ships were controlled by one ship to obstruct different aerial targets at extended ranges. Significance: By proving this cooperative mode of engagement and successful conduct of test, Indian Navy has now become a part of a select group of Navies that have this niche capability. This capability further enhances combat effectiveness of Indian Navy thus providing an operational edge over potential adversaries. About MRSAM It is Medium Range Surface to Air Missile which i.e. it is capable of engaging multiple aerial targets at range of more than 50 km. It is manufactured by Bharat Dynamics Limited, India. It is jointly developed by DRDL Hyderabad (a DRDO Lab), in collaboration with Israel Aerospace Industries. It is designed to provide Indian defence force with air defensive capability against a variety of aerial threats at medium ranges. AdarshMay Bansal | [email protected] 19, 2019 | 18 May: ‘Buddha Purnima’ celebrated Buddha Purnima also known as Vaishak Purnima is the birth anniversary of Gautama Buddha (or Lord Buddha). 18 May 2019 witnessed the 2,563rd birth anniversary of the Buddha and is being celebrated across the world. About Buddha Purnima Background: Buddha Purnima festival is traditionally celebrated to commemorate birth of Siddhartha Gautama, who later became Gautama Buddha and founded Buddhism. People celebrate Siddhartha’s (a king by birth) choice to embrace a spiritual quest when he witnessed the suffering of common people which inspired him to let go of his royal life. He then renounced all worldly pleasures and became a holy man. It is celebrated every year on the full moon day (known as Purnima), in month of Vaishakha, according to Hindu Lunar calendar. Reason: It is also celebrated as Vesak in South and Southeast Asia. The day commemorates birth, death as well as enlightenment of Lord Buddha, all of which is said to have taken place on same day. It is after this enlightenment that later Siddhartha earned the title Buddha which means ‘The Enlightened One’. Significance: Celebrating Buddha Purnima is all about praying with purest of feelings, and adopting what Buddhism stand for which is peace, harmony and non-violence. Celebrations Worldwide Nepal: is considered as Buddha’s birth country. He was born in Lumbini (now in modern-day Nepal). There Buddha Purnima day is celebrated on full moon day of Vaisakha month in accordance to Buddhist calendar. Southeast Asian Nations: celebrate day during Vaisakha month of Buddhist and Hindu calendar, which is generally the month of April or May according to Gregorian calendar. Others: On this day, Countries all over world such as Malaysia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, South Vietnam, Myanmar, China, Cambodia, Singapore, Indonesia, Taiwan, Australia, Canada, United States (US) celebrate the essence of Buddhism. It is public holiday in many countries, and is celebrated by commemorating different ethnicities and cultures. Celebrations India It is celebrated by paying a visit to common Viharas (monastery for Buddhists), where Buddhists observe a longer than usual and full-length Buddhist sutra (or suttas), which is similar to a service.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 28 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 17 May: Vesak Day On 17 May 2019 United Nation (UN) observed “Vesak”, the Day of the Full Moon in month of May. In 1999, the UN General Assembly (UNGA), by its resolution 54/115, recognized internationally Day of Vesak, to acknowledge contribution of Buddhism in world. Bulletin: Joint meetings of Basel, Stockholm and Rotterdam conventions held in Geneva The joint meetings of three conventions on chemicals and waste namely Basel, Stockholm and Rotterdam conventions was held in Geneva, Switzerland. Key Highlights About: The 14th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to Basel Convention (COP 14) was held along with the 9th meeting of the COP to Rotterdam Convention and the 9th meeting of the COP to Stockholm Convention in Geneva, Switzerland, from 29 April to 10 May 2019. Theme of 2019 meetings was- “Clean Planet, Healthy People: Sound Management of Chemicals and Waste”. India and COP: An Indian delegation of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), and along with other ministries namely Agriculture Ministry, Chemicals and Fertilizer Ministry, and Electronics and Information Technology Ministry (MeitY) participated in the joint meetings and set a tone at COP. In Basel Convention on Control ofAdarsh Transboundary Bansal | [email protected] Movement | of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, two important issues were mainly discussed and decided i.e. technical guidelines on e- waste and inclusion of plastic waste in Prior Informed Consent (PIC) procedure. India’s Stand: In view of growing consumption of electronic equipment and waste across world, India highlighted that technical guidelines provision in name of re-use, repair, refurbishment and failure leads to possibility of e-waste dumping from developed world to the developing countries. So, Indian delegation strongly objected the proposed decision on these guidelines during plenary and did not allow it to be passed by conference of parties (COP). Outcome: On final day of COP, a modified decision was adopted in which all concerns raised by India were incorporated. This thereby opened a window for further negotiations and corrections in draft technical guidelines on e-waste. In Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POP), COP decided to list “Dicofol” in Annex A (Elimination) without any exemption. The “PFOA”, (Perfluorooctanoic acid) was also listed with some exemptions in Annex A of Stockholm Convention. In Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, two new chemicals named Phorate and HBCD (hexabromocyclododecane) were added in list for mandatory Prior Informed Consent (PIC) procedure in international trade. Key Facts The Basel, Stockholm and Rotterdam conventions are multilateral environmental agreements, which share common objective of protecting human health and environment from hazardous chemicals and wastes. Bulletin: National Training Workshop for 7th Economic Census organized A comprehensive training strategy called National Training Workshop of Master Trainers to impart training to trainers engaged in upcoming 7th Economic Census was held at Indian Habitat Center in the New Delhi. It was organized by Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation (MoSPI). Key Highlights Objective: to impart training to Master trainers (enumerators and supervisors) engaged in Seventh Economic Census (7th EC). Implementing Agency:Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation (MoSPI) has partnered with Common Service Centre, CSC e-Governance Services India Limited (CSC SPV), a Special Purpose Vehicle under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) for implementation. Training: The participants were trained on key concepts and definitions, processes, digital platform

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 29 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 and application to be used for enumeration (supervision and data capture) in field during 7th Economic census. Reason: An Information Technology (IT) based digital platform for validation, data capture, report generation and distribution will be used in upcoming Economic Census. The fieldwork for 7th EC will be commencing from June 2019. 7th Economic Census 2019: It is being conducted by MoSPI to provide disaggregated information (numerical or non-numerical information collected from multiple sources) on various structural and operational aspects of all establishments in country. After the National Training Workshop of Master Trainers in New Delhi similar exercise will be undertaken across India. During month of May and June 2019 over 6000 State and District level training workshops will be organized. About Economic Censuses It is a complete count of all establishments and units located within geographical boundaries of country. Background: The first Economic Census was undertaken in 1977. The 2nd edition was carried out in 1980 followed by 3rd EC in 1990. The 4th EC took place in 1998 while 5th EC was held in 2005. The Sixth edition of Economic Census was conducted in 2013. Objective: It provides detailed information on operational and economic variables, activity wise, and Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | other characteristics like number of establishments, type of ownership, source of finance, number of persons employed, etc. The details about establishments across country include their distribution at all-India, State, district, village and ward levels. This is used for comprehensive analysis of structure of economy (macro, micro, regional levels) and for benchmark purposes. Significance: The database so collected also serves as a sampling frame for drawing samples for socio economic surveys by Government and research organizations. This information is used for micro level or decentralized planning and to assess contribution of various sectors of economy in gross domestic product (GDP). Bulletin: India delivers First Pair of Mi-24 helicopters to Afghanistan India recently handed over two Mi-24 attack helicopters to Afghanistan. The helicopters were formally handed over by Indian Ambassador to the acting Minister of National Defence of Afghanistan at Kabul Air Force base. Key Highlights Background: Under a tripartite agreement in 2018, India had agreed to finance purchase of four attack helicopter from Belarus and then deliver them to Afghanistan. This is the second time that India agreed to transfer lethal military equipment to Afghanistan. In December 2016 India had gifted four Mi-25 (Mi-24D) helicopters drawn from the inventory of the Indian Air Force and three Cheetah utility helicopters manufactured by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) to the Afghan Air Force (AAF). In past India has also transferred non-lethal equipment, including vehicles, communication equipment, transport choppers & medical supplies to Afghanistan. About: The helicopters delivered are a replacement for four attack helicopters which India gifted to Afghanistan in 2015. Soon remaining two will be sent as replacement. Objective: to strengthen Afghan air force against battling an increasing deadly Taliban insurgency in the backdrop of the United States (US) looking to exit war-torn country (after 17-year stay). Importance: The handover of Mi-24 comes at crucial time for Afghanistan, which is looking for alternative sources of funds and weapons to steady and sustain its defence forces in case of US exit and eventual consumption of international funds. India has pledged and donated more than $3billion in aid and reconstruction efforts to Afghanistan. Signifance: The Mi-24 helicopters will enhance effectiveness of Afghan National Defence and Security Force and will boost capability of Afghan Air Force (AAF) in combating rising terrorism in country. It will also bolster war-torn country’s capability in fight against terrorism and counter insurgency. Mi-24

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 30 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 It is a large helicopter gunship thus can be used for assault. It can also be used for transport missions as it can ferry up to eight people. Being a attack helicopters, it is designed to take on fortified enemy positions and locations prone to heavy ground fire to flying in troops. Nilekani Panel on Digital Payments submits report to RBI The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) appointed committee on ‘suggestions on promoting digital payment’ has submitted its report to RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das. The committee was headed by Nandan Nilekani, also known as Aadhaar Architect. Key Highlights Background: In January 2019 RBI had set up a five-member panel headed by Nilekani, on deepening digital payments with a view of encouraging digitisation of payments and enhancing financial inclusion via digitisation. Panel Members: Besides Nandan Nilekani (Infosys co-founder), H R Khan (former RBI deputy governor), Kishore Sansi (former MD and CEO of Vijaya Bank), Aruna Sharma (former secretary in ministries of IT and steel) and Sanjay Jain (chief innovation officer, Centre for Innovation, Incubation & Entrepreneurship (CIIE), IIM Ahmedabad). Tasks Undertaken: The panel was tasked to review existingAdarsh Bansal status | [email protected] of digitisation | of payments in India, identify current gaps in ecosystem and suggest ways to bridge them. It also assessed current levels of digital payments in financial inclusion. It undertook cross country analyses with a view of identifying best practices which can be adopted in India so as to accelerate digitisation of economy and financial inclusion through greater use of digital payments. Way Ahead RBI will examine recommendations given by committee and will link action points, wherever required and necessary, in its ‘Payment and Settlement Systems in India: Vision 2019 – 2021‘ for implementation. The Payment Systems Vision 2021 was recently released by RBI. It seeks to ensure a secure, safe, quick, affordable and convenient, e-payment system with aim of making India a ‘cash-lite’ society. May 20, 2019 NPPA reduces Prices of 9 Non-Scheduled Cancer Drugs by 87% The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) has reduced the prices of 9 non-scheduled cancer drugs by up to 87%. This decision is in continuation of nodal agency’s efforts to bring down drugs prices. Key Facts Reason: In February 2019, the government had capped about 42 cancer drugs at 30%. This new anti- cancer non-scheduled medicine list is in continuation of efforts to curb profiteering on these vital drugs and to make cure of cancer affordable for patients as well as for their families. Significance: More than 390 brands and about 72 formulations have reduced costs following the NPPA order. This price reduction is expected to benefit more than 22 lakh cancer patients in India and will result in annual savings of around Rs.800 crore rupees to patients. Details: NPPA, the Drug pricing regulator issued an office memorandum which mentioned that: Maximum Retail Price (MRP) of 500 mg chemotherapy injection called ‘pemetrexed’ which is used to treat lung cancer, has been reduced from Rs.22000 to Rs.2800. MRP of 150 mg ‘Erlotinib’ tablets will now cost Rs.2400 instead of Rs.8800. NPPA has also approved a formula which restricts trade margin of selling price by up to 30%. About NPPA It was established by a Government of India Resolution in 1997. It is an office attached to Department of Pharmaceuticals (DoP), Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers. It is headquartered in New Delhi. Function: It is an independent Regulator for pricing of drugs. Ito ensures accessibility and availability of medicines to people at affordable prices.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 31 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 The NPPA currently fixes price of drugs on National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) under schedule-I of Drug Price Control Orders (DPCO). Till date about 1,000 drugs have been price-capped by this mode. Nancy Pelosi: receives JFK Profile in Courage Award 2019 The USA’s House of Representatives (lower house of US) Speaker Nancy Pelosi was honoured with 2019 John F Kennedy Profile in Courage Award. Key Highlights About Pelosi: She has served in House of Representatives since 1987. She was recognized for putting national interest above her party’s interest, for her efforts to pass former President Barack Obama’s 2010 health care law (Obama Care) and also for helping Democrats reclaim control of U.S. House during 2018 elections. The award was presented at John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum in Boston. Previous Honorees: former Presidents Barack Obama, Gerald Ford and prominent lawmakers Rep. John Lewis and late Sen. John McCain. About John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award It is an annual award that was created in 1989 by members of President J.F. Kennedy’s family. It seeks to honor J.F. Kennedy and to recognize and celebrate quality of political courage which he admired most. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | The award recognizes a public official (or officials) at local, federal or state level whose actions speaks of qualities of politically courageous leadership. It is given in spirit of ‘Profiles in Courage’, which was President Kennedy’s 1957 Pulitzer Prize-winning book. Note: John F Kennedy was the 35th president of United States. His served from January 1961 till his assassination in November 1963. BWF launched 2 New Formats of Badminton Game The Badminton World Federation (BWF) has launched two new formats of badminton game namely, AirBadminton and Triples. In contrast to traditional competitive badminton which is an indoor game the Airbadminton is an outdoor game. Key Highlights Badminton World Federation is badminton’s highest governing body. For long outdoor badminton has been one of India’s favourite recreational sports. Much like India, globally the amateur participation in outdoor games is 40% more than those undergoing structured training on expensive indoor wooden courts. Significance: Both have a potential of providing an alternate career to retired badminton professionals. Importance: For people interested in AirBadminton infrastructure won’t be a hindrance as it can be played in different environments like on sands in beaches, grass in parks and even on streets and by lanes. About AirBadminton It was globally launched at Guangzhou in China by Badminton World Federation (BWF). It has new dimensions of court and an innovative outdoor shuttlecock called AirShuttle. AirBadminton is designed to be played on hard, grass and sand surfaces such as that in playgrounds, gardens, parks, streets, and beaches. The aim is that AirShuttle could be used in winds up to 12 kmph. The outdoor format will be played barefoot on an approved surface like sand and on courts of smaller dimensions. About Triples In Triples format, badminton match will be played between a team of total three players. Each team will mandatory have at least one female athlete. Also, players are not allowed to hit returns successively. Centre issued Drought Advisory to Six States The Union Government has issued a drought advisory to six southern and western states and has asked

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 32 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 them to use water judiciously. This was issued amid rising concern of water storage in dams of states which dropped to a critical level. Key Highlights About: The ‘Water’ subject falls under the state list mentioned in Indian Constitution and recent drought advisory recommends states to use water for drinking purpose only till dams are replenished. Condition: The drought advisory is issued to states when water level in reservoirs is about 20% less than the average of live water storage figures of past 10 years. Issue: Central Water Commission (CWC) which functions as an attached office of Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Government of India, monitors total water storage available in 91 major reservoirs across country. According to recent figures released by CWC, total water storage available is only 22 % (it was 24% in May 2019) of total storage capacity (which is 161.993 BCM) of these reservoirs. States: to which drought advisory issued are Gujarat, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. ISRO announces Seven Mega Missions The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), recently announced its planned seven mega missions, including Chandrayaan-2 (India’s second lunarAdarsh Bansal exploration | [email protected] mission) | which will be conducted over a period of next 10 years. The ISRO has also prepared a roadmap for next 30 years. Key Highlights Out of seven missions Chandrayaan-2, will be flight ready by May 2019 and its spacecraft will be launched in July 2019. The rest six are classified as: 1. Defined Missions – which include XPoSat (to study cosmic radiation in 2020) and Aditya-L1(to the Sun in 2021). 2. Undefined Missions – which include missions which are still in planning stage namely Mangalyaan-2 (or Mars Orbiter Mission-2 in 2022), Lunar Polar Exploration (or Chandrayaan-3 in 2024), Venus mission (in 2023), Exoworlds (exploration outside the solar system in 2028). About Aditya-L1 Or the ‘Sun Mission’ is scheduled for year 2021. Significance: The payloads onboard Aditya-L1 will study solar corona. The Sun’s Corona has an influence on upper atmosphere which impacts climate change on earth. Thus it will play a key role in understanding and predicting climate change on Earth. Orbit: It will be placed in a halo orbit around Sun-Earth Lagrangian point (L1), called ‘libration orbit’. It is about 1% of distance between Sun and Earth (about 1.5 million km from Earth) and where gravity of two celestial objects equalises. Placing it in such an orbit will allow spacecraft to circle along with earth and will result in constantly facing the Sun. About Xposat The X-ray Polarimeter Satellite (or Xposat), is ISRO’s dedicated mission to study polarization. It will be launched launch in year 2020. It will be a five-year mission and will study cosmic radiation. Payload: It will be carrying a payload named ‘polarimeter instrument in X-rays’ (POLIX) made by Raman Research Institute. POLIX will study degree and angle of polarisation of bright X-ray sources in energy range 5-30 keV. Orbit: The spacecraft will be placed in a circular 500-700km orbit. SIMBEX-2019: scheduled from 16 May to 22 May 2019 After the completion of naval exercise IMDEX-19 recetly, the Kolkata Class Destroyers Indian Naval ships namely INS Kolkata and INS Shakti are participating in SIMBEX-2019. Key Highlights About: SIMBEX (Singapore India Maritime Bilateral Exercise) is an annual bilateral naval exercise between India and Singapore. It is being held from 16 May to 22 May 2019. Background: SIMBEX was first initiated in 1993, since then it has become an annual affair. Over the

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 33 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 years it has grown in operational and tactical complexity as well as from traditional anti-submarine exercises to more complex maritime exercises. It undertakes anti air or anti surface practice firings, air defence operations, advanced tactical exercises, etc. It has stood test of time in demonstrating commitment between India and Singapore in enhancing maritime cooperation between their navies and bolstering bonds of friendship between the two countries. Objective: To aim to enhance interoperability, strengthen mutual trust, and build greater synergy to address common maritime concerns among both navies. About SIMBEX-2019 For SIMBEX 2019, the Indian Navy has deployed its finest assets Kolkata Class Destroyers (INS Kolkata and INS Shakti). Objective: to extend bridges of friendship through maritime, economic, and cultural interactions with countries of east and south-east Asia (SEA). It will be conducted in Two Phases: 1. Harbour Phase– will be conducted from 16 to 18 May. It included various planning conferences, deck reception, courtesy calls to dignitaries of RS Navy, simulator based warfare training (war-gaming) and sporting events all onboard INS Kolkata. 2. Sea Phase– is scheduled from 19 to 22 may 19. It will be conducted in the South China Sea (SCS). It Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | will include various maritime combat exercises like advanced aerial tracking, firing on aerial or surface targets, tactical exercises on surface or air scenarios and coordinated targeting exercises. Participation: Along with INS Shakti and INS Kolkata, Poseidon-8I (P8I) (Indian long range maritime patrol aircraft) will also participate. From Singapore side, Royal Singapore Navy (RSN) Ships RSN Steadfast and RSN Valiant, Fokker-50 (F-50) (maritime patrol aircraft) and F-16 fighter aircraft will participate. Significance: SIMBEX-19 will also conclude two month long deployment of INS Kolkata and INS Shakti in South and East China Seas where they recently participated in International Fleet Review (IFR) at Qingdao, China (as part of PLA (Navy) 70th anniversary celebrations) and in ADMM-plus MS FTX (The ASEAN Defense Ministers’ Meeting – Plus Maritime Security Field Training Exercise). Bulletin: US approves Missile Sales to South Korea, Japan The United State recently approved Anti-Ballistic Missile sales to South Korea and Japan. The sale is worth more than $600 million and comes in backdrop of mounting tensions with North Korea. Key Highlights Objective: to support national security and foreign policy objectives of United States (US) by assisting its key allies. This will not alter basic military balance in region and will give them capability to defend itself against a growing nuclear and missile threat from North Korea. Reason: Recently in May second week the North Korea reportedly tested two short-range missiles which is its second launch in less than a week. Earlier in April also North Korean leader Kim Jong Un supervised test-firing of a new type of “tactical guided weapon“. These tests come amid halted negotiations between the United States and North Korea, which US President Donald Trump promised would put an end to North’s missile tests. The US’s State Department approved sale of- 1. 92 ‘Standard Missile-2’ (SM-2), which is world’s premier fleet-area air defense weapon and used by ships against air threats along with 12 missile guidance systems for a total cost of $313.9 million. 2. 160 anti-air AMRAAM (Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile) missiles and related guidance equipment to Japan for $317 million. US and North Korea In February 2019 second summit between Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un was held in Vietnam. It ended with a deadlock, when US side refused North Korea’s demands of easing sanctions until Pyongyang takes major steps to end its nuclear program. SC Verdict: Foreigners Tribunal decision will prevail over NRC The Supreme Court of India has held that a Foreigner Tribunal’s order declaring a person as an illegal

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 34 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 foreigner will be binding and will prevail over government decision to include or exclude name from National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam. Key Highlights Argument: The SC bench constituted of Chief Justice of India (CJI) Ranjan Gogoi and SC Justice Deepak Gupta and Justice Sanjiv Khanna unanimously distinguished between decisions of NRC) and of foreigners tribunals and upheld that the tribunal’s order being the quasi-judicial one will prevail. Verdict: As per SC the persons whose names are not included in NRC in Assam can produce documents including ones related to their family tree and thus seek review of tribunal’s decision. As per SC it cannot create an appellate forum for those, declared as illegal foreigners by the foreigners tribunal, by using its power under Article 142 of Indian Constitution. Outcome: If the name of a person, included in NRC in Assam is deleted on ground that he was a foreigner, then principle of ‘res-judicata’ (a judicially decided issue cannot be re-agitated) would apply on decision taken by foreigners tribunal. Thus a person who has been declared an illegal immigrant cannot seek re-decision (right of appeal) against exclusion or dropping of his name in normal circumstances. About Foreigners (Tribunal) Order, 1964 The order was passed by Government of India (GoI) under section 3 of foreigners Act, 1946. The GoI can constitute foreigners tribunalsAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] whenever required | to look into question of whether a person is or not a foreigner within the meaning of Foreigners Tribunals act, 1946. The Foreigners tribunal shall consist of persons having judicial experience as government may think fit to appoint. It has powers of a civil court while trying a suit under code of civil procedure, 1908. It includes summoning any person, requiring any document and issuing commissions for examination of any witness. NASA: finds Evidence of Water on Ultima Thule NASA has found evidence of a unique mixture of water ice, methanol, and organic molecules on Ultima Thule’s surface. This mixture is very different from most icy objects explored previously by spacecraft till date. About Ultima Thule Nomenclature: Its scientific name is (486958) 2014 MU69. The words ‘Ultima’ and ‘Thule’ is its nickname. Ultima Thule, is a Greco-Latin term which means a distant unknown world. About: It is a trans-Neptunian object located in Kuiper belt (a circumstellar disc in outer Solar System). It is the farthest world ever explored by mankind. The flyby (close enough to record scientific data) of Ultima Thule is farthest exploration of an object till date. It is approximately 6.4 billion km from Earth. Discovery: It was discovered in 2014 by astronomers using Hubble Space Telescope as part of their search for a Kuiper belt object for New Horizons mission (which was an interplanetary space probe launched by NASA). On 1 January 2019 NASA’s New Horizons space probe’s flyby Ultima Thule making it the farthest object in Solar System visited by a spacecraft. Significance: The discoveries made about Ultima Thule are going to advance theories of solar system formation. Key Features Recently, NASA published first profile of Ultima Thule which reveals details about complex space object. Shape: The object is a contact binary, with two distinguishable differently shaped lobes. About 36 km long ‘Ultima Thule’ consists of a large (19 km), strangely flat lobe (Nicknamed Ultima) which is connected to a smaller (14 km), somewhat rounder lobe (nicknamed Thule), at a juncture which is called “the neck.” Both bodies seem to be planetesimal aggregates of much smaller building blocks, thus indicate that it could be most primitive object in Solar System. The alignment of axes of Ultima and Thule suggests that before merger two lobes must have become

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 35 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 tidally locked, which means that same sides must have always faced each other as they orbited around same point. The largest depression found in Ultima Thule is about 8 km wide feature which is nicknamed as ‘Maryland crater’, is likely formed from an impact. It has an orbital period of about 298 years and a low inclination and eccentricity. Colour: In colour and composition, Ultima Thule resembles many other objects found in its area of Kuiper Belt. It is very red even redder even than Pluto (2,400-km wide). The reason for its reddish hue is believed to be the modification of organic materials on its surface. May 21, 2019 Italian Open 2019: Karolina Pliskova won Women’s Singles Title The Czech Republic’s Karolina Pliskova beats United Kingdom (UK’s) Johanna Konta in finals and won women’s singles title at Women’s Tennis Association’s (WTA) Italian Open 2019, held in Rome. Key Highlights Czech world number seven Karolina Pliskova defeated British number one Johanna Konta with 6-3, 6-4 in 1 hour 25 minutes. Karolina Pliskova By defeating Johanna Konta in straight sets in final of the Internazionali d’Italia, (in Rome) Pliskova sealed her second title of the season sinceAdarsh Bansal Brisbane | [email protected] International | in January 2019. After losing in second round in Madrid and Stuttgart, but winning Italian Open’s she now sits at World No.2 ahead of French Open. She has climbed five places to slot in just behind World No.1 Naomi Osaka. With his win 27-year-old Pliskova became first Czech woman to win women’s singles in Rome since Regina Marsikova in1978. Johanna Konta She was first British woman to reach Italian Open final since Virginia Wade in 1971. The 28 year old is UK’s Number One player. She defeated two World’s top-10 players to reach finals of Italian Open 2019. Even after losing at final she has earned a seeding at French Open starting on 26 May 2019. She is up by 16 places to become World No.26 after a great display. This is her highest ranking since July 2018. Italian Open 2019: Rafael Nadal won Men’s Singles Title Rafael Nadal of Spain defeats Novak Djokovic of Serbia in finals and won men’s singles title at Italian Open 2019, held in Rome. This was his ninth title in Rome. Key Highlights Rafael Nadal, the World No. 2 player defeated World No. 1 Novak Djokovic by 6-0 4-6 6-1 in in the Italian Open final held in Rome. Rafael Nadal It was his 81st tournament win but first clay court title of year 2019. In Australian Open final in January 2019, Nadal was beaten by Djokovic in final and had also lost at semi-final stage in his past four tournaments. Winning Italian Open he has now recorded his 34th Masters title. This takes him 34-33 ahead of Djokovic in Masters 1,000 Series titles and also gives a boost before the French Open (also called Roland-Garros) starting on 26 May 2019. About Italian Open It is a tennis tournament which is held in Rome, Italy. It was founded in 1930. The event is also known as Rome Masters (for male edition) or Internazionali BNL d’Italia (sponsored name) or Italian Championships. The tournament is played on Clay Courts, a type of tennis court which are made of crushed brick, stone, shale, or other unbound mineral aggregates. French Open is also played in Clay Courts. Government plans introducing AI system in MCA 21 portal The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has laid out its plans to introduce artificial intelligence (AI)

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 36 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 system in its MCA 21 portal. It will be introduced when Ministry will roll out the Version 3 of the MCA 21. Key Highlights Background: In early 2019, the Ministry of Corporate Affairs sought applications from various service providers so as to develop as well as operate upgraded version of MCA 21 system. Objective: To make compliance process easier and to ensure that routine enforcement activities are done regularly on autopilot basis. Need: The main focus of Ministry in introducing AI system is to rationalise all forms filled and to follow principle of a single source of truth. This means that one would not be required to fill in the known details again, as it will get filled automatically. The MCA also seeks to interlink databases so that routine enforcements are done 24×7 on autopilot basis. About MCA 21 About: The MCA 21 is one of 31 Mission Mode Projects (MMP) of National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) of Government of India. This is first Mission Mode Project to be launched under NeGP and is e- governance initiative from the Ministry of Corporate Affairs to meet stakeholder needs in the 21st century. Background: The MCA 21 system was first started in 2006. The first phase (Phase I: from 2006- December 2012) of e-governance initiativeAdarsh Bansal of | [email protected] ministry was | implemented by Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) and the ongoing second phase (Phase II: from January 2013-July 2021) is being implemented by Infosys. Significance: The portal is electronic backbone of MCA for distribution of information to all its concerned stakeholders, including the investors, regulators and corporates. It protects investors and also offers many important services to stakeholders. Function: It regulates corporate affairs in India through Companies Act, 1956, 2013 and other allied Acts, Rules and Bills. It also allows electronic filings of various documents under Companies Act, 2013. It has also fully automated all processes related to compliance and enforcement monitoring under the Act. The portal act as a gateway to all guidance, services, and other corporate affairs related information IMCOR: 8th Indo-Myanmar Coordinated Patrol Begins The 2019 Indo-Myanmar coordinated patrol (IMCOR) is taking place from 20 May to 28 May 2019. This is the 8th edition of coordinated patrol (CORPAT) between India and Myanmar. Key Highlights Objective: The coordinated patrol (CORPAT) initiative between the Indian Navy and Myanmar Navy seeks to address issues of terrorism, human trafficking, poaching, illegal fishing, drug trafficking and other illegal activities harmful to interest of both nations. Background: The CORPAT series was first started in Mar 2013. Since then it has fostered improved professional interaction and enhanced mutual understanding between the two navies for maritime interoperability. IMCOR 2019 Time: The Indo-Myanmar coordinated patrol IMCOR will be conducted from 20 May 2019 to 28 May 2019. For the ‘Opening Ceremony’ of 2019 edition, Myanmar Navy Ship namely UMS King TabinShweHtee (773) and UMS Inlay (OPV-54) arrived on 20 May 2019 in Port Blair at Andaman and Nicobar Command. Naval Participants: It will be undertaken by Myanmar ships viz. UMS Inlay and UMS King TabinShweHtee with Indian Naval Ship, INS Saryu. Exercise Undertakes:

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 37 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 The patrolling effort by participants will be augmented by Maritime Patrol Aircraft (MPA) from both the navies. The ships deployed would patrol along International Maritime Boundary Line (IMBL) between the two countries thus, covering a distance of about 725 Kms over a period of four days. During the sea phase of coordinated patrol (CORPAT), prior to ‘Closing Ceremony’ of CORPAT onboard Myanmar Naval Ship, the deployed ships will also undertake joint drills and maneuvers. Vayoshreshtha Samman 2019: Government invites Nominations The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment has invited nomination for Vayoshreshtha Samman 2019 which is the National Awards for Senior Citizens for both Individuals and Institutions categories. The nominations should be sent by 31st May 2019. About Vayoshrestha Sammans Background: The series of National Award-Vayoshreshtha Samman awards were instituted by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment in 2005. In 2013 these were elevated to the level of national awards. It is an annual award which is conferred in thirteen categories. Nominees: The various Ministries and Departments of Government of India, their autonomous organistions, State Government, Union Territory’s (UT) Administration all can nominate suitable individuals and institutions for the saidAdarsh National Bansal | [email protected] Awards. | Awardees: These are conferred to eminent senior citizens and Institutions who are involved in providing distinguished services for the cause of elderly persons. Awarded on: In general these are conferred by the President of India on 1st October each year on the occasion of International Day of Older Persons (IDOP). 20 May: World Metrology Day celebrated The World Metrology Day is observed every year on 20 May, which commemorates anniversary of signing of Metre Convention in 1875. About World Metrology Day Background: The day commemorates anniversary of signing of the international treaty called Metre Convention in Paris on 20 May 1875, by which International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) was created. The Convention set the framework for global collaboration in field of science and measurement as well as in its commercial, societal and industrial applications. Metrology: means ‘the science of measurement’. The Metre Convention: also called ‘Treaty of the Metre’ provides the basis for a global coherent measurement system which encourages scientific discovery and innovation, international trade, industrial manufacturing and also improvement of quality of life and protection of global environment. About World Metrology Day 2019 The theme for WMD 2019 was “The International System of Units – Fundamentally better.” This theme was chosen because in 16 November 2018, the General Conference on Weights and Measures agreed to one of the most significant revisions to International System of Units (the SI) since its inception. The Research into new measurement methods, including those using quantum phenomena, justifies the change made. The International System of Units (SI) is now based on a set of definitions each linked to laws of physics and have advantage of being able to accept further improvements in measurement science and technology (S&T) to meet needs of future users for coming years. Maharashtra: Governor promulgates Ordinance for Medical Admission Reservation Maharashtra Governor V. Rao has promulgated an ordinance to provide reservation benefits in admissions to Social and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBCs) in medical education in state. Key Points of Ordinance Reason: In May 2019 the Nagpur bench of Bombay High Court has put a stay on the 16% quota offered by state to its Maratha community under SEBC category for admission in 2019’s postgraduate medical courses. The HC ruled that implementation of this reservation for Maratha

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 38 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 community under SEBC quota was “unconstitutional” and thus will not be applicable to postgraduate medical admission process which had already begun. This cancelled admissions already given to students under Maratha quota and necessitated fresh admissions. Thus the Maharashtra State Reservation for SEBC Amendment and Validation Ordinance, 2019, makes way for 16% reservation for students from Maratha community in current academic year itself. It provides reservation of seats for admission in educational institutions of state and appointments in public posts and services under state. The ordinance promulgated thus upholds admissions given to students under Maratha quota under SEBC category in postgraduate medical and dental courses. Courses: The reservation to students will be provided in admissions in field of medical education which includes medical and dental under-graduate and post graduate courses under SEBC category. Covers: The ordinance will provide reservations in favour of candidates belonging to SEBC classes for courses commencing from educational year 2019-20. It will also be applicable for admissions to other educational courses including under-graduate courses requiring passing of NEET or any other National Entrance Test. Article 213: The Governor of an Indian state draws ordinance making power from Article 213 of

Indian Constitution. This article empowersAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] to promulgate | ordinance on an urgent matter and such ordinance shall have same force and effect as an Act of Legislature of the State. Indian Charity sets Guinness Records for holding Longest Iftar PCT Humanity, a charity run by an Indian named Joginder Singh Salaria in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), sets a new Guinness World Records for ‘Longest Line of Hunger Relief Package’ in Abu Dhabi. Key Highlights Indian expat Joginder Singh Salaria is the founder of PCT Humanity, which set the Guinness world record with Iftar distribution. The PCT stands for Pehal Charitable Trust. The Hunger Relief Package efforts were in continuation to vegetarian iftar which is held daily by PCT Humanity at premises of Salaria’s company Pehal International in Dubai Industrial Park, Abu Dhabi. PCT Humanity’s record-breaking Iftar line contained seven meal items spread in a line without keeping any gap which continued for about a kilometre in length. The charity was held for hunger relief efforts during the Muslim’s holy month of Ramzan. UGC directs Universities: observe 21 May as Anti-Terrorism Day The University Grants Commission (UGC, the higher education regulator) has directed universities and higher educational institutions (HEIs) in India to observe 21 May as Anti-Terrorism Day so as to wean youth away from terrorism. Key Highlights Background: Every year 21 May is observed as Anti-Terrorism Day throughout India. It seeks to spread awareness among people about dangers of violence and terrorism and its effect on people, society and country altogether. Reason: ‘21 May’ marks the death anniversary of former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi who was assassinated in 1991 at an election rally near Chennai by a women suicide bomber from Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE, a separatist Sri Lankan Tamil outfit). The year 2019 mark 28th death anniversary of Late Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. Objective: to wean youth away from violence and terrorism, and showing them how it is prejudicial to national interest. It also seeks to promote harmony, peace and unity across the nation. UGC also suggested varsities to undertake activities for the day which includes discussions, symposium, debates, pledge taking ceremony and films screening as per the recommendations of Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of India. Delhi HC: United Nation not State under Article 12 In a recent judgement the Delhi High court (HC) ruled that United Nations Organization (UNO) is not ‘State’ in terms of Article 12 of the Indian Constitution and thus it is not amenable to its jurisdiction under

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 39 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Article 226. About The Case Case: The Delhi HC judgment adjudicated the petition filed concerning immunity enjoyed by UNO under United Nations (Privileges and Immunities) Act, 1947. Petitioner: The plea in case is filed by a former UNO employee who was found guilty of misconduct following the findings of Procurement Task Force. He was then convicted by a US Federal Court and sentenced to 8 years of imprisonment and 2 years of mandatory probation, was later released and deported to India in May 2014. The petition filed by him claims that due process was not followed in his case. Course Followed: In November 2018, the petitioner sought permission of Union Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) to initiate a legal action against UNO under section 86 of Civil Procedure Code, 1908. This section 86 of CPC provides that a foreign State may be sued in any Court once the consent of Central government is obtained. The MEA then stated that consent of Union Government was not required to initiate legal suit against UNO as it was not foreign State rather only an International Organization. MEA although stated that UNO and its officials enjoyed immunity under United Nations Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | (Privileges and Immunities) Act, 1947. It also added that as per Section 2 of Article II of the Schedule of Act, 1947, UNO enjoys immunity from every kind of legal process except insofar as in any particular case it has clearly waived its immunity. The same became subject matter of petition filed before the Delhi High Court. Article 12 of Constitution of India As per it the ‘States’ in relation to Part III (Fundamental Rights) of Constitution includes Government and Parliament of India (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha), Government and Legislature of each of State (Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad), all local (or other) authorities within territory of India or under control of Union of India. Article 226 of Constitution of India It empowers the high courts of India to issue orders, directions or writs, which includes writs in nature of habeas corpus, prohibition, mandamus, certiorari, and quo warranto (or any of them) to any concerned person or authority, including the government (in appropriate cases). 20 May: World Bee Day celebrated The World Bee Day is celebrated every year on May 20. It marks the birthday anniversary of beekeeping pioneer Anton Janša. The theme for World Bee Day 2019 was “Save the Bees”. About World Bee Day Background: 20 May was designated as World Bee Day by United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) by unanimously passing a resolution proposed by Slovenia in December 2017. The resolution called for adoption of specific conservation measures and highlighted importance of preservation of bees and their significance for humanity. Objective: To raise awareness about importance of bees and pollinators, threats faced by them, their contribution to sustainable development and to acknowledge their role in ecosystem. Reason: The day 20 May coincides with birth anniversary of Anton Janaa, an 18th century beekeeping pioneer. He pioneered modern beekeeping techniques in his native country Slovenia and praised bees for their ability to work so hard even while needing so little attention. Value of bees: Bees and other Pollinators like bats, butterflies, and hummingbirds allow many plants (including food crops) to reproduce. About 33% of world’s food production depends on bees thus they are vital for preservation of biodiversity, ecological balance in nature and helpful in reducing pollution. Apart from contributing directly to global food security, they are also key to conserving biodiversity, which is a cornerstone of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). They guard and even act as an indicator for emerging environmental risks and signal health of local ecosystems, thus act as our allies against climate change.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 40 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Threat: Bees and other Pollinators are increasingly under threat from human activities. Invasive insects, pesticides, land-use change and monocropping practices (agricultural practice of growing a single crop without rotation) may reduce available nutrients and poses greatest threats to bee colonies. May 22, 2019 21 May: World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development observed On 21 May, the World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development was celebrated. The year 2019 has been declared ‘International Year of Indigenous Languages’ by UN General Assembly, so as to bring awareness to importance of linguistic diversity. Key Highlights Background: In 2001, The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) adopted ‘Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity’ as a result of the destruction of the Buddha statues of Bamiyan in Afghanistan in 2001. Then in December 2002, the UN General Assembly (UNGA) in its resolution 57/249, declared 21 May to be World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development. Objective: To deepen our understanding of values of cultural diversity and to advance four goals of UNESCO ‘Convention on Protection and Promotion of Diversity of Cultural Expressions’, adopted in 2005- To support sustainable systems and development of cultural governance. To achieve balanced flow of culturalAdarsh goods Bansal | [email protected] and services | (G&S) and increase mobility of cultural professionals and artists. To integrate culture in sustainable development frameworks. To promote human rights and fundamental freedoms. Importance of Cultural Diversity About Three-quarters (77%) of world’s major conflicts have cultural dimension. Thus bridging gap between cultures is necessary and urgent for peace, development and stability. Cultural diversity is not only a driving force of development with respect to economic growth, but it also act as means of leading more fulfilling intellectual, emotional, and spiritual life. Cultural diversity is thus an asset that is indispensable for poverty reduction and achievement of global sustainable development. UAE and World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development UAE celebrated the day highlighting its efforts in promoting tolerance and cultural diversity. The 2019 event coincided with the country’s declaration of 2019 as the ‘Year for Tolerance’. The UAE has cultural relations with many countries and is also an active member of UNESCO. Japan’s 2nd Highest National Award conferred to Shyam Saran Former Indian Foreign Secretary Shyam Saran is selected for Japan’s Second Highest National Award called ‘The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star’. Key Highlights The Government of Japan recently announced in its 2019 Spring Imperial Decorations, that it will confer the 72-year-old Former foreign secretary Shyam Saran, ‘The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star’. He will be conferred for his contributions in strengthening strategic ties and enhancing mutual understanding between India and Japan. About Shyam Saran He served as India’s Foreign Secretary from year 2004 to 2006 during which he played an important role in elevating India-Japan relationship to a strategic partnership. During his tenure Junichiro Koizumi, (then Japanese Prime Minister) visited India for first time in 5 years. During his tenure as Deputy Chief of Mission of Embassy of India in Japan he contributed in strengthening mutual understanding between India and Japan. His contributions includes “India Festival“, that was held in Japan in 1988. Since 2017 he has worked towards enhancing mutual understanding between two countries, by hosting events like an “India-Japan Colloquium“.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 41 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 About The Order of the Rising Sun It is the Japanese government’s Second Highest National Honour. It was established by Japanese Emperor Meiji in 1875. It is awarded for an exceptional civil or military merit. ‘Golden Card’ PR Scheme: launched by UAE The United Arab Emirates (UAE) launched ‘Golden Card’ Permanent Residency Scheme in an attempt to woo wealthy individuals and exceptional talents from all over the world. Key Highlights About: The “Golden Card” programme was unveiled by UAE Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al-Maktoum (who is also Dubai’s ruler). The UAE has always opened its door to millions of people looking for pursuing their dreams and betterment of lives. The Golden Card is UAE’s way to welcome all those seeking to be a part of the UAE’s success story and making it a second home. It is introduced keeping in mind that Residents are an indispensable part of country and thus will be permanent partners in UAE’s journey. Reason: Expatriates in the UAE are usually given limited duration residence permits under a sponsorship system.

About ‘Golden Card’ Programme Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | It is open to investors and ‘exceptional talents’ like scientists, engineers, doctors, students and artists. The Golden Card offers permanent residency and unprecedented benefits to cardholders as well as to their families while creating an attractive environment for growth and business. The benefits of PR also includes spouse and children of cardholder so as to ensure cohesive social ties. As part of initiative, the first group of 6800 investors from more than 70 countries with investments of about 100 Billion Dirhams (USD 27 billion), were being given permanent residency. Benefits: This new initiative will attract greater foreign investment (FI) and activate local economy, making it more efficient and attractive for investors. It will also increase UAE’s competitiveness on a global scale and will reaffirm country’s position as a global incubator. The “Golden Card” visa includes five categories – 1. General investors who will be granted a 10 year permanent residency visas . 2. Real Estate Investors, who can get a visa for 5 year visa. 3. Entrepreneurs and Talented Professionals like doctors, researchers and innovators can get 10 years visa. 4. The fifth category is ‘outstanding students’. These will also be permitted 5 years permanent residency visas. 5. All mentioned categories of visas can be renewed upon expiry. India- UAE The Indian expatriate community is the largest ethnic community in UAE. It constitutes roughly about 30% of country’s population, which is around 9 million. Although, most of the Indians living in UAE are employed, about 10% of Indian population constitutes dependent family members. This Golden Card programme could attract more Indian professionals and businessmen to Gulf nation. ‘Formula One’ Legend: Niki Lauda dies at 70 Three-time Formula One (F1) World champion Niki Lauda dies in Vienna at the age of 70. He underwent a lung transplant in August 2018. About Niki Lauda The Austrian national was one of the best known figures in motor racing. He was born in Vienna in February 1949 and became a motor racing legend. He had won three Formula One (F1) world titles between 1975 and 1984. He won the title for Ferrari in 1975 and 1977 and McLaren in 1984. He suffered horrific injuries at German Grand Prix (GP) in 1976 and will always be remembered for his remarkable recovery and return to racing after being badly burned in the crash.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 42 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 He has overall competed in 171 races and won 25 of them. After his retirement he actively pursued business interests including his own airline later served in senior roles at F1 management as non-executive chairman at hugely successful Mercedes team since 2012, where he also helped bring British world champion Lewis Hamilton on board. RBI to create a ‘Specialised Supervisory and Regulatory Cadre’ The Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI’s) Central Board has decided to create a ‘Specialised Supervisory and Regulatory Cadre’ within the RBI. Key Highlights About: The decision to create a Specialised Supervisory and Regulatory Cadre within the RBI was taken at the recent two-day meeting of Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI’s) Central Board which was held under the chairmanship of RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das in Chennai. This was the boards 576th Meeting. Objective: The cadre creation came with a view of strengthening the supervision and regulation of commercial banks, urban cooperative banks and Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs). Importance: The decision for creating an additional oversight mechanism was taken in the wake of recent NBFC crisis such as large-scale defaults by IL&FS in 2018 (which caused on-going liquidity crunch in banking system), failures by credit rating agencies to flag risks, alleged lapses by auditors and divergence in asset quality by big banks. Thus the supervision cadre would supplement RBI to be better equipped in picking up early warning signs. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Key Discussions at RBI’s Central Board Meeting It reviewed the current economic situation, global and domestic challenges and various areas of operations of RBI. It reviewed the present structure of supervision in RBI in light of growing complexities, diversity and interconnections within the Indian financial sector. It also discussed issues related to currency management and Banker to Government functions of the RBI. It also discussed the Medium Term Strategy document, which covers RBI’s Mission and Vision Statements. UN honors Late Chancy Chitete with Highest Peacekeeping Award The Malawian soldier Chancy Chitete will be honoured with the United Nation’s (UN) highest peacekeeping award, dubbed as “Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal for Exceptional Courage”. He will be awarded posthumously in New York, US on May 24 2019. About Chancy Chitete The late UN peacekeeper from Mali is being honoured for his “brave and selfless” action demonstrated in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). In an operation undertaken November 2018, he sacrificed his life while saving his fellow comrade ‘blue helmet’ during operation against local armed group named Allied Democratic Forces (ADF). The ADF is an armed force in DRC which had been terrorizing civilians and disrupting the UN’s ongoing efforts to halt and treat spread of the deadly Ebola virus. About UN’s Highest Peacekeeping Award It is officially known as ‘Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal for Exceptional Courage’. It was established in 2014 and is named after Captain Mbaye Diagne of Senegal, who served with former UN Mission in Rwanda (UNAMIR) and saved thousands of Rwandans from death in 1994 genocide. It is awarded to uniformed (police, military) and civilian personnel who have demonstrated exceptional courage, in face of extreme danger, and fulfilled mandate of their missions in service of humanity and United Nations. The awarding of Medal to Chitite, will be the first time that the actions of a UN peacekeeper have been found to meet standard set by Captain Diagne. Vice President calls for protecting Ongole Cattle Breed The Vice President of India, M. Venkaiah Naidu called for protecting and promoting the indigenous Ongole cattle breed. He also released a Compendium on Ongole breed of cattle at the Swarna Bharat Trust

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 43 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 in Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh. Key Highlights Vice President Naidu asserted that cattle wealth was national wealth. He pointed out that Brazil which had imported these cattle and now produced hybrid Ongoles is gaining huge revenue through its export. As per him, India do not focus enough attention on its own indigenous breed and now the time has come for promoting Ongole cattle breed and also to take up research on animal. He asked concerned officials to expedite the works at National Kamadhenu Breeding Centre, Chintaladevi in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh. Agriculture: Vice President Naidu observed that Indian agriculture is facing many challenges thus stressed need for taking up multi-pronged efforts from all concerned stakeholders to making agriculture sustainable, more profitable and to double farmer’s income. He also urged farmers to take up in house dairy and backyard poultry for fetching additional income source. About Compendium The Compendium released by Vice President Naidu has 1200-page which traces history of animal, from year 1885 to 2016. It provides information from 13 books and 80 research findings on Ongole Cattle. Agricultural scientist, Mullapudi Narendranath and former Joint Director of Animal Husbandry Department, AdusumilliAdarsh MadhusudanBansal | [email protected] Rao | were credited for compilation of the Compendium. About Ongole Cattle Breed Nomenclature: The breed derives its name from the name of a place called ‘Ongole’, which occupies a small area between Gundlakamma and Musi rivers in Andhra Pradesh. It is also nicknamed as ‘Nelore cattle’ as Ongole was once part of the Nellore area. Indigenous Breed: Ongole cattle are indigenous to Prakasam District, Andhra Pradesh in India. Worldwide Demand: The ongole bull has great demand all over the world. In Brazil, population of Ongole off-breed is around several millions. The USA’s famous ‘Santa Gertrudis breed’ also have Ongole blood. They are used in bull fights not only in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, but also in Mexico and some parts of East Africa. Features: They are known for their toughness, high milk yield, rapid growth rate, tolerance to tropical heat and natural resistance to both foot and mouth disease (FMD) and mad cow disease. ‘Not all animals migrate by choice’ campaign launched Ahead of International Day of Biological Diversity (celebrated on 22 May), an awareness campaign was launched by the name of ‘Not all animals migrate by choice’ to be displayed at major airports across India. Key Highlights about Campaign Objective: To raise awareness on illegal wildlife trade To garner public support for conservation and protection of wildlife, prevention from smuggling and for reduction in demand of wildlife products. It also complements worldwide action taken on illegal trade in wildlife via UN Environment’s global campaign called Wild for Life. Launched By: United Nation (UN) Environment India and Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB) of India. Both WCCB and UN Environment started a comprehensive approach with focus on awareness building towards issue of prevention of illegal trade, smuggling of wildlife (and wildlife products) through exit points. Inauguration: Campaign was inaugurated by Dia Mirza, the UN Environment Goodwill Ambassador (and also UN Secretary-General’s SDG Advocate), in presence of officials from Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), Wildlife Crime Control Bureau of India (WCCB), UN Environment, UN agencies and GMR Group. Coverage: In collaboration with Airports Authority of India (AAI) and GMR Group, the campaign is set to travel across 22 airports across India over the next year.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 44 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Need: Illegal wildlife trade drives a species to brink of extinction. With a thriving organized wildlife crime industry, the crime chains are spreading across world and India is also seeing a sharp rise in its illegal trade in wildlife. Thus there is an urgent need for awareness, action and stringent law enforcement to curb illegal wildlife trade which is threatening biodiversity and conservation in wild. Importance: Conservation is natural to India’s ethos. Although, while wildlife faces global threat and India’s flora and fauna’s demand continues to rise in illegal global markets, India’s stringent provisions for protection of wildlife under its Wildlife Protection Act (WPA), 1972, and efforts towards creating awareness among public at large would still have to go a long way to help protect our wildlife. Thus, campaign is an important step forward in creating much-needed awareness and regaining public attention on wildlife trafficking which threatens very survival of these species. Species covered: In First Phase of the campaign, Tiger, Star Tortoise, Pangolin and Tokay Gecko are featured. They have been chosen as they are highly endangered because of illegal trading in International markets. Second Phase will see more threatened species. 1. Tiger is trafficked for its skin, body parts and bones. 2. Pangolin, is most illegally traded wild mammal on the planet. It is trafficked for its meat and for its scales which are used in traditional medicines.

3. Star Tortoise is trafficked for pet tradeAdarsh and Bansal | [email protected] | 4. Tokay Gecko is trafficked for its use in traditional medicine, mostly into South East Asia (SEA) but mainly Chinese Markets. About Wildlife Crime Control Bureau (WCCB) WCCB is a statutory multi-disciplinary body established by Government of India (GoI) under Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF), to combat organized wildlife crime in India. It assists Customs authorities in inspection of consignments of flora & fauna as per the provisions laid down in Wild Life Protection Act (WPA), 1972, (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) and Export-import (EXIM) Policy governing such an item. UN Dag Hammarskjöld Medal: awarded to Late Jitender Kumar Indian peacekeeper, Late Jitender Kumar, an Indian Police Officer, is among the 119 military, police and civilian personnel who will be honoured with this year’s prestigious UN medal called Dag Hammarskjöld Medal for courage and sacrifice in line of duty. About Dag Hammarskjöld Medal About: It is a posthumous award which is given to members of United Nations (UN) peacekeeping operations who have lost their life while serving in peacekeeping operations. Background: It was established in 22 July 1997 by UN Security Council (UNSC) resolution 1121, adopted on occasion of 50th anniversary of peacekeeping. The medal is named after Dag Hammarskjöld, who was the second Secretary-General of the United Nations. He died in a plane crash in 1961 while en route to cease-fire negotiations during Congo Crisis. The first Medal was presented to the family of Dag Hammarskjöld in 1998. About Jitender Kumar Late Indian Police Officer Jitender Kumar laid down his while serving in the United Nations Organisation Stabilisation Mission (UNOSM) in the Central African country of Congo. He will be honoured posthumously with Dag Hammarskjold Medal on observance of International Day of UN Peacekeepers (29 May). On behalf of the fallen Indian peacekeeper the medal would be collected by Syed Akbaruddin, India’s Permanent Representative to the UN Ambassador at a solemn ceremony which will take place at the UN in New York. India is the 4th largest contributor of uniformed personnel (Blue Helmet) to UNPKF. It is currently contributing more than 6,400 military and police personnel to UN peace operations in West Asia, Western Sahara, Congo, Lebanon, Abyei, Cyprus, Haiti, and South Sudan. 20 May 2019: CCI celebrates its 10th Annual Day

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 45 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 The Competition Commission of India (CCI) celebrated its 10th Annual Day on 20 May 2019. The date ‘20 May’ marks the notification of substantive enforcement provisions of the Competition Act, 2002. About Competition Commission of India CCI is a statutory body which was established under the provisions of Competition Act, 2002. It was established in 2003. Composition: It consists of a Chairperson and six Members appointed by the Central Government. Function: 1. It is responsible for enforcing the provisions of Competition Act, 2002 throughout India. 2. To prevent activities that can have an adverse effect on competition. 3. To promote and sustain competition 4. To protect interests of consumers. 5. To ensure freedom of trade in the markets of India. Importance: CCI is although young body but is a perceptive regulator. It has strived to nurture a culture of competition in Indian markets by its credible antitrust enforcement and regular engagement with stakeholders. Since 2009, CCI has reviewed about 660 merger filings, 1010 antitrust cases and has held more than 700 advocacy events. About The Competition Act 2002 It is amended by the Competition (Amendment)Adarsh Bansal Act, | [email protected] 2007. It provisions | include: Prohibiting anti-competitive agreements and also preventing abuse of dominant position by enterprises. Regulating combinations such as acquisition, acquiring of control, mergers and acquisition (M&A) which can have an adverse effect on competition within India. Way Forward Although the role of Competition Commission of India (CCI) as a Market Regulator ensures a level playing field but in increased globalized and inter-dependent world, role of the CCI is required to be dynamic. May 23, 2019 22 May: International Day for Biological Diversity observed The International Day for Biological Diversity (IDB) was observed on 22 May 2019. The day is celebrated every year to increase understanding and awareness about biodiversity issues. About International Day for Biological Diversity Background: The International Day for Biological Diversity (IDB) was first created by Second Committee of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in late 1993. It designated 29 December, the date when Convention of Biological Diversity entered into force as The International Day for Biological Diversity. Then in 20 December 2000, UNGA adopted its resolution 55/201 and proclaimed 22 May as IDB, to commemorate adoption of text of the Convention by Nairobi Final Act of ‘Conference for Adoption of Agreed Text of Convention on Biological Diversity’ on 22 May 1992. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD): is a multilateral treaty and international legal instrument for “the conservation of biological diversity” which has been ratified by 196 nations. About IBD 2019 For celebration of IBD 2019 the UN Biodiversity Convention partnered with Slow Food International. This partnership focuses on biodiversity as foundation of our health and food systems. 2019’s IBD celebration focuses on biodiversity as foundation for our food and health. Theme: for IBD 2019 was “Our Biodiversity, Our Food, Our Health“. It seeks to raise awareness about interconnectedness of our health and food systems with biodiversity. It also celebrates the most tangible aspects of biological and cultural diversity, which are ‘Nature and Cultures’, through our food and health systems. Worry: The global diet as a whole (what people actually eat globally) is becoming more homogenized (similar and integrated), and this is a dangerous thing. In the last 100 years, over 90% of crop varieties have disappeared from farmers’ fields. Thus, locally- varied food production systems are under severe threat which includes related local, indigenous and traditional knowledge.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 46 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 About Slow Food International It is a global network of local communities which was founded in 1989. It work towards preventing disappearance of local traditions, local food cultures and counteract the rise of fast food culture. Man Booker International Prize: Jokha Alharthi winner Jokha Alharthi, an author from Oman won the prestigious Man Booker International Prize for her Arabic novel “Celestial Bodies“. About Jokha Alharthi The Omanis author won Man Booker International Prize for her Arabic novel titled “Celestial Bodies”. It is a story of three sisters of a desert country confronting its slave-owning past and complex modern world. She became the first Arabic language writer to win this award. Alharthi will share her prize money with her UK-based translator named Marilyn Booth. About Man Booker International Prize It is an international literary award sponsored by the ‘Man Group’, which is the same organisation that gives Man Booker Prize for fiction. It is counterpart to Man Booker Prize for English-language novels. Criteria: It is an annual award, given for a single work of fiction in any language. It is open to books

in any language that have been translatedAdarsh Bansal into | [email protected] English and | published in the United Kingdom in the last year. Cash prize: It carries a cash prize of 50,000 pounds (or US $64,000) for winning title, which is shared equally between author and translator. Supreme Court gets full strength of Judges Supreme Court has reached its full sanctioned strength of 31 with appointment of 4 new judges to the apex court. The total sanctioned strength of Supreme Court is 31 (30 + 1), which includes 30 Supreme Court Judges and 1 Chief Justice of India (CJI). The length of their term is from their joining till they retire at the age of 65. Key Highlights The Centre has cleared the four names recommended by five-member Supreme Court Collegium headed by Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi, for elevation as judges of the apex court. The law ministry issued notification regarding appointment after President of India Ram Nath Kovind signed their warrants of appointment. Delay: The government initially returned the names of Justices Bose and Bopanna to the SC collegium after citing seniority and representation of regions as the reasons. But, SC collegium passed a resolution in early May which reiterated its recommendation to elevate Justices Bose and Bopanna to apex court and also recommended the names of justices B R Gavai and Justice Kant. The collegium observed that nothing wrong has been found regarding their conduct, competence or integrity. Importance: As of now, Supreme Court was functioning with 27 judges including the Chief Justice of India. After the elevation of four new judges, the apex court reached its full sanctioned strength of 31 judges. In recent past this is the first time that SC will have its full sanctioned strength. The four newly appointed judges are- 1. Justice Aniruddha Bose– His parent High Court is Calcutta HC. He is Chief Justice of Jharkhand HC and stands at number 12 in all-India seniority of judges. 2. Justice Surya Kant– is incumbent Chief Justice of Himachal Pradesh HC. 3. Justice A S Bopanna– His parent high court is Karnataka HC. He is Chief Justice of Gauhati HC and stands at number 36 in all-India seniority of judges. 4. Justice B R Gavai – is a judge of the Bombay High Court. Once sworn in, he could become the Chief Justice of India in May, 2025 and will be second Dalit CJI after K G Balakrishnan who retired on May 11, 2010.

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

Bhawana Kanth: 1st Woman IAF Pilot to qualify for Combat Missions Flight Lieutenant Bhawana Kanth scripted history by becoming first woman pilot of Indian Air Force (IAF) to qualify to undertake combat missions on a fighter jet. About Bhawana Kanth She is from the first batch of women fighter pilots of the IAF and joined the fighter squadron in November 2017. For the first time she flew solo in a MiG-21 Bison, in March 2018 and became second woman pilot of the Indian Air Force to fly solo. The 25-year-old flew from Ambala Air Force Station to achieve the feat. In order to be declared ‘Operational by Day’, a pilot has to complete their syllabus which announces them as fit to fly and undertake day operations. She has now completed Operational by Day syllabus for carrying out combat missions on Mig-21 Bison aircraft during day time and thus became first qualified woman IAF fighter pilot to undertake missions by day on fighter aircraft. She will soon be allowed to carry out night operations once her training for night missions completes. Note Within a year of government decision to open fighter stream for women on an experimental basis, three women namely Avani Chaturvedi, Mohana Singh and Kanth were commissioned as flying officers in July 2016. The IAF has already selected next batch of its three women trainee pilots for fighter stream. BrahMos Air Launched Missile test fired from a Su-30 MKI The Indian Air Force (IAF) successfully fired aerial version of supersonic BrahMos cruise missile from a Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft. Key Highlights About: The IAF successfully fired BrahMos Air Launched Missile from its frontline Su-30 MKI fighter aircraft. Background: Earlier on 22 November 2017, the IAF became World’s first Air Force to successfully fire an air launched 2.8 Mach surface attack missile of this category on a sea target. Since then this was the second such live launch of weapon. Result: The launch from Su-30 MKI aircraft was smooth and missile followed desired calculated trajectory before directly hitting land target.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 48 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Safety: The firing was successfully undertaken with dedicated support from Indian Navy which ensured that large number of monitoring ship are available for ensuring range safety clearance. Significance: The capability of BrahMos missile coupled with superlative performance of Su-30MKI aircraft gives IAF its desired strategic reach. Complex Process: The integration of missile weapon on aircraft was a very complex process which involved electrical, mechanical and software modifications on aircraft. The IAF engineers undertook software development of aircraft and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) carried out mechanical and electrical modifications on aircraft. Others involved: The dedicated and synergetic efforts of IAF, Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) and BrahMos Aerospace Pvt. Ltd. (BAPL) proved the nation’s capability of undertaking such complex integrations. About BrahMos Air Launched Missile It is a 2.5 ton supersonic air to surface cruise missile. It range is close to 300 km, and is designed and developed by BrahMos Aerospace Pvt. Ltd. (BAPL). The BrahMos missile provides IAF a much desired capability of striking on any target at sea or on land from large stand-off ranges with pinpoint accuracy by day or night and that too in all weather conditions. Charter of Affiliation:Adarsh signed Bansal | [email protected] between Assam | Rifles and ICG The Director Generals of Assam Rifles and Indian Coast Guard signed a ‘Affiliation Charter’ between 3rd (Naga Hills) Battalion of Assam Rifles and Indian Coast Guard (ICG) Ship ‘Shaurya’ at a ceremony held at Laitkor, Shillong. It aims to enhance inter-armed forces cooperation between two and utilise each other’s assets for training and sports. Key Highlights Objective: to promote bilateral cooperation between the ICG and Assam Rifles in field of exchange of information and personnel and to build-up camaraderie for training in sports, adventure and sustainable development. Significance: This affiliation charted will facilitate the ‘Sentinels of the North East’ (Assam Rifles) to interact with ‘Sentinels of the Seas’ (Indian Coast Guard) on professional as well as social platforms and share their rich experiences and best practices. Importance: The two Armed Forces will benefit from motivating one another towards common goals. Assam Rifles personnel will be able to understand oddity of Maritime Service (ICG) and role played by them in guarding and intercepting anti-national forces and non-state actors who are detrimental to maritime and coastal security. Similarly, ICG personnel will be able to understand the operational ethos of Assam Rifles while working along the Indo-Myanmar border. About Assam Rifles It is India’s oldest Para Military Force. It has a rich history of valour, courage and tradition. It has 46 Battalions deployed at Indo-Myanmar border and for countering the insurgency in north east states. 3rd (Naga Hills) Battalion Assam Rifles: is oldest battalion of the Para Military force. It was raised in 1835 as ‘The Cachar Levy’ for guarding Eastern Frontier of Assam from Brahmaputra river to Cachar Hills and comprised of 750 personnel of all ranks. At present, the battalion is developed at Kohima (Nagaland capital) where in past it bravely fought against Japan in World War-II and stopped their advance into India. About ICG Ship ‘Shaurya’ Indian Coast Guard is one of youngest Armed Force under Ministry of Defence and is responsible for safeguarding the maritime interest of India. It has 142 ships & 62 aircraft in total. The ICG Ship ‘Shaurya’ is built indigenously at Goa Shipyard Limited. It is a modern state-of-the-art 105 mtrs long Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) which was on August12, 2017 and is based in Chennai. The word ‘Shaurya’ means courage. This is thus a projection of ICG’s commitment ‘To Serve & Protect’ maritime interest of the country. It is extensively developed for Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) surveillance and other duties as enshrined in the Coast Guard charter.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 49 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 MoU signed between DBT and DAE on Cancer Research The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under Ministry of Science and Technology and Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), under Prime Minister of India has signed an memorandum of understanding (MoU) for supporting a joint collaborative research programmes in area of Cancer. Key Highlights on MoU About: The MoU for Joint Collaboration on Cancer Research was signed between DBT and DAE. The DAE was represented by its Tata Memorial Centre, which also functions as coordinating centre on behalf of The National Cancer Grid of India. Objective: to work towards common goal of tackling cancer and also to bring a quantum change in present scenario of cancer research. Features: The clinicians shall work in coherence with Researchers to identify and develop collaborative research programmes as well as public health initiatives for public awareness at large. Activities: such as intensive workshops on clinical research methodologies, joint clinical fellowships and protocol development shall help towards creating a trained manpower community and will provide a platform to utilize their acquired skills in best possible manner. MoU shall help strengthen various initiatives mandatorily for cancer by: 1. Strategizing and prioritizing cancer research.Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | 2. Developing new and affordable technologies. 3. Jointly designing and funding clinical trials. 4. Coordinating and collaborating for translational research, interventions, training of manpower and infrastructure development. JF-17 Fighter Jet: delivered to PAF by China China has delivered the first overhauled multi-role JF-17 Thunder fighter jet the Pakistan Air Force (PAF). The delivery was part of a project undertaken by two nations more than a decade ago for development and manufacture of the aircraft. Key Highlights Background: In recent years JF-17 has become a mainstay of PAF when after US has restricted its sales of F-16 war planes post 1990 arms embargo imposed on Pakistan under Pressler Amendment. Pakistan is reported to have over 100 JF-17 planes with more in pipeline. More than a decade ago China and Pakistan had begun joint development and manufacture of single- engine light JF-17 jets. In 2007 Beijing delivered its first batch and a number of them were later commissioned by PAF. After over a decade of use, it was time for first JF-17s to undergo overhauls and first overhaul started in November 2017 after a contract was signed between two nations in 2016. About: The JF-17s jet were reassembled and delivered to its Pakistani client by Changsha 5712 Aircraft Industry Co Ltd under state-owned Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC) in March. This is also the first time that AVIC has overhauled a made-for-export third generation fighter, or fourth generation fighter. Although standard, regular maintenance could be done by military itself but due to higher complexity an overhaul generally needs to be conducted by designated and more capable supplier. Pakistan sent some of its trainees to China, who built close communication with their counterpart and it was observed that since standards and procedures for overhaul were already established so future overhauls on other JF-17s could be undertaken by Pakistani personnel itself. Overhaul Includes: major maintenance, features repairs and replacement of old components and also includes airframe and engine. A Block 3 variant of JF-17 is also under development which is expected to be much more powerful than the previous two blocks due to newly developed active electronically scanned array radar by China.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 50 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Significance: This overhaul marks an important milestone in the ‘JF-17 project’ undertaken. This is because it represented trial-and-error phase of project and also provided desired experience in establishing standards for other JF-17 overhauls in nearby Under framework of China-Pakistan cooperation Pakistan’s aviation industry will continue to develop. Importance Such an overhaul can ensures flight safety even after years of use. It might also equip aircraft with newer technologies that enhance its capability, or prolong lifespan of aircraft. Way Forward: Though China has made significant strides in avionics and developed new range of war planes including stealth fighters, it is yet to develop engines for its planes, including JF-17 and mostly rely on Russian supplies. JF17 is part of close China-Pakistan defence cooperation which China has become a major supplier of arms to Pakistan. China is also currently building four new modern naval warships for Pakistan. SCO Foreign Ministers’ meeting held in Kyrgyzstan The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Council of Foreign Ministers was held in Kyrgyzstan Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | capital Bishkek. It was attended by External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj. Key Highlights Background: This was the second SCO Council of Foreign Ministers (CFM) meeting attended by India as a full member of SCO and was represented by Union External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj. The last CFM meeting was held in Beijing, China on April 2018. About: The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Council of Foreign Ministers (CMF) is a two- day meeting which was recently held in Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic. Objective: The SCO CFM meeting in Bishkek reviewed the preparations for forthcoming SCO Summit which is scheduled to be held in Bishkek on 13-14 June 2019. It also exchanged views on topical issues of international and regional importance. About SCO Background: The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) was founded in 2001 at Shanghai summit by presidents of Russia, China, Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. SCO succeeded the Shanghai Five mechanism which was established in 1996. About: It is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation and also a Eurasian, political, economic and security alliance. It seeks towards military cooperation between its member states. Function: The alliance is primarily centred on security-related concerns of its Central Asian members with main threats being separatism, terrorism and extremism. It also works towards counter-terrorism operations, intelligence-sharing in Central Asia. Members (8): China, Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, India and Pakistan. India and Pakistan were granted membership in 2017. Prior to that till 2005 both India and Pakistan were observer at SCO. Observer States (4): Iran, Afghanistan, Belarus and Mongolia. SCO Dialogue Partners: Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Armenia, Turkey, Sri Lanka and Nepal. May 24, 2019 Shaheen-II: successfully test-fired by Pakistan Pakistan has successfully test-fired a land-based ballistic missile named ‘Shaheen-II’. The impact point of missile was in the Arabian Sea. Key Highlights Background: On 9 March 2004 Pakistan successfully test fires a medium-range nuclear-capable ballistic missile Shaheen-II from an undisclosed location. Now on 21 May 2019 Pakistan test-fired intermediate-range nuclear-capable ballistic missile which could 2,000 km (1,250 miles). About: The test was conducted to ensure operational readiness of Pakistan Army’s Strategic Forces

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 51 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Command. Shaheen-II is a highly capable missile as it fully meets Pakistan’s strategic needs towards maintenance of desired deterrence and stability in region. About Shaheen-II Missile Nomenclature: Shaheen missile series is named after a Falcon (bird) species that lives in Pakistan’s mountains. Features: It is a land-based supersonic intermediate-range surface-to-surface guided ballistic missile. Warheads: It is capable of carrying all kinds of warheads i.e. both conventional (high explosive) as well as nuclear warheads. Range: It is capable of hitting targets up to 1,500-2000 kilometers. Thus is capable of reaching major cities in neighbouring India. UNGA resolution demands UK withdrawal from Chagos Archipelago The United Nation General Assembly (UNGA) passed a non-binding resolution asking United Kingdom (UK) to return Chagos Archipelago in Indian Ocean to Mauritius. Key Highlights

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

Background: On February 2019 International Court of Justice (ICJ) issued an advisory opinion on the legal consequences of separation of Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965 when latter was a British colony. It also ruled the UK’s decolonisation of the Indian Ocean islands was unlawful. This advisory opinion was endorsed by UNGA. About: The UNGA condemned the Britain’s occupation of Mauritius’s remote Chagos Islands in Indian Ocean and passed a resolution demanding Britain to withdraw its administration of the Chagos Islands. The 193-member world body passed resolution with 116-6 in favour (with 56 abstentions). The vote supported a motion which set a six-month deadline for Britain to withdraw from Chagos island chain and for islands to be reunified with neighbouring Mauritius. Issue: Chagos Archipelago, a group of seven atolls comprises of more than 60 islands in Indian Ocean. It is located about 500 km south of Maldives. Since 18th century when the French first settled in islands, it had been part of Mauritius only. In 1801, all of the islands of French colonial territory in region were ceded to British. As per ICJ, in 1965 Britain unlawfully carved up Mauritius (when it was a British colony) which Chagos Archipelago was a part of. Thus even after Mauritius gained its independence from Britain in 1968 UK retained its sovereignty over islands to form British Indian Ocean Territory. UK then

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 52 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 forcibly removed entire population of Chagos islands from territory between 1967 and 1973, and also prevented them from returning. Since then islands have been known by Foreign Office as British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT), and being used for defence purposes by UK and United States. The US also established a military base on island of Diego Garcia which is largest of all islands. Thus, Mauritius claims its sovereignty over islands and argues that British claim is in violation of law and of UN resolutions that bans dismemberment of colonial territories before independence. ICJ verdict: In February 2019 International Court of Justice (ICJ), which is the principal judicial body of UN and highest international legal authority, upheld that UK Government is under an obligation to end its administration over Chagos Archipelago as rapidly as possible. ICJ also advised that all its member states are under an obligation to cooperate with UN in order to complete decolonisation of Mauritius. UNGA Resolution: It reaffirmed advisory opinion of ICJ and held that Chagos Archipelago forms an integral part of territory of Mauritius. It demanded UK to withdraw its colonial administration from Chagos Archipelago unconditionally within a period of six months and to also support Mauritius in its quest for restoration of sovereignty over island chain.

Significance: Although the resolutionAdarsh is Bansal not | [email protected] legally-binding, | but it still carries significant political weight as the ruling came from UN’s highest court and assembly votes also reflected world opinion. India’s Stand India was among 116 nations who voted in favour of resolution. India supported draft resolution, submitted by Senegal on behalf of members of Group of African States and voted in favour of it, as Mauritius is a fellow developing nation from Africa, with which India shares age-old people-to-people bonds. India for long has been supporter of all peoples striving for decolonization and has consistently supported Mauritius since beginning its quest for restoration of its sovereignty over Chagos Archipelago. India urged all concerned nations to reach a mutually agreeable understanding as soon as possible. ADB to finance Railways Track Electrification Project in India The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has signed an agreement to electrify railway tracks in India under Railways Track Electrification Project. As per agreement ADB will provide $750 million (equivalent in Indian Rupee) long-term financing to Indian Railway Finance Corporation (IRFC). About ADB Loan Agreement It is the largest single non-sovereign loan ever committed by ADB to a member country. The proceeds of loan amount will be utilized by Indian Railway Finance Corporation (IRFC) to fund Railways Track Electrification Project. About Project: It was launched as part of Railways broad modernization program which will help India’s railway sector to shift from dependence on fossil fuels towards electric power. The electrification assets will be leased to Indian Railways (country’s national railway system) under a long-term lease agreement. IRFC will use loaned amount to install electric traction equipment along 3,378 km of existing railway lines, so as to enable migration of passenger and freight traffic from diesel to electric traction. Significance: This is a flagship project to demonstrate ADB’s strategy of supporting the key state- owned enterprises in strategic sectors and also reflects a major push by ADB’s private sector operations into transport infrastructure, and particularly railways. About Indian Railway Finance Corporation (IRFC) It is financing arm of Indian Railways that was set up in 1986. It works toward mobilizing funds from domestic and international capital markets. It is complete government owned entity and is registered as Non-Banking Finance Company (NBFC). About Asian Development Bank (ADB) It is regional development bank and multilateral lending agency. It was established on 19 December

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 53 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 1966 and is headquartered in Manila, Philippines. It is an official United Nations (UN) Observer. Objective: It envisions inclusive, resilient, prosperous, and sustainable Asia and Pacific, and aims towards sustaining efforts to eradicate extreme poverty in region. Members: In 1966 ADB was started with 31 member countries. At present there are 68 member nation which includes 49 from Asia-Pacific region (including India) and 19 from outside. It is collectively owned by its members. Members Votes: It is closely modeled on World Bank (WB) and has similar weighted voting system to it, like votes are distributed in proportion with member’s capital subscriptions to bank. As of 2016 United States and Japan hold largest proportion of shares. Function: To promote social and economic development by financially assisting its members and partners by providing loans, technical assistance, grants and equity investments Finance: It gives finance assistance to both sovereign countries and to private entities. It also provides soft loans to poorer countries and hard loans to middle-income countries. Its lending is mostly concentrated in five operational areas namely finance sector development,

environment, climate Change andAdarsh disaster Bansal | [email protected] management, | education, regional cooperation integration and private sector lending. WHO: Algeria and Argentina declared Malaria-Free The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared Algeria and Argentina as ‘Malaria-Free’ countries after no cases of indigenous transmission of disease were recorded. Key Highlights Background: The Malaria parasite was first discovered in humans in Algeria by a French physician named Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran in 1880. By 1960s, Malaria became Nigeria’s primary health challenge, with reporting almost 80,000 cases each year. The country then started it steps towards responding to disease. On the other hand, Argentina began is elimination efforts in 1970s. About: The indigenous transmission of disease was last reported from Algeria in 2013, while last case of Argentina was recorded in 2010. Algeria became second country in Africa to be declared malaria-free, after Mauritius, which was certified in 1973. Argentina became second country in South America to be certified malaria free after Paraguay, which was certified in June 2018. The certificates will be presented to both countries on sidelines of the 72nd session of the World Health Assembly (WHA) which is being held in Geneva, Switzerland. Steps Taken: by both nations include- 1. Improved surveillance which helped every last case of malaria to be rapidly identified and treated. 2. Free diagnosis and treatment of patients ensured that no one was left behind. This helped to prevent, detect and cure the disease. 3. The trained health workers were deployed to spray homes with insecticides and to also diagnose disease through microscopy. WHO and Malaria As per the WHO’s World malaria report 2018: Malaria remains one of world’s leading killers of decade. In 2017, Malaria accounted for about 219 million cases from 87 countries and more than 400,000 deaths. Of total count over 60% of fatalities was among children under 5 years of age and had caused 266,000 deaths worldwide. In 2017, the African region recorded 92% of malaria cases and 93% of malaria deaths thus had highest share of global malaria burden. Four countries in African continent accounted for nearly 50% of all malaria cases worldwide, namely Nigeria (25%), the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC 11%), Mozambique (5%), and Uganda (4%) WHO Malaria-Free Certification Criteria: The Country under consideration has to prove that it has

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 54 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 interrupted indigenous transmission of malaria for at least 3 consecutive years. Till date a total of 36 countries have received WHO’s malaria free certification. About Malaria It is mosquito-borne infectious disease. Cause: by infectious Plasmodium type parasitic protozoans (group of single-celled microorganisms). Transmission: on biting of infected female Anopheles mosquito. Mosquirix or (RTS,S) is World’s first vaccine against a parasitic disease. UNESCO: Women still under-represented in Science and Technology According to analysis by The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), women remain considerably under-represented across STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) studies and careers. Key Highlights Statistics: According to UNESCO, globally only 29% of those in science research and development (R&D) are women, with a low 19% in south and west Asia and high 48% in central Asia. Reason: Most young women do not identify with STEM studies or careers and assume that these subjects would not align with their desire to be creative and make an impact in world. Consequences: As per experts this trend would further widen the gender gap in technology world and by shying away from STEM WomenAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] will also miss | contributing to next generation of technologies and innovations. Recommendations: Teachers and technologists must take up responsibility to break misperception among women that STEM does not relate to world at large. They must build passion for STEM subjects among women students by designing computer science curricula around societal challenges and giving young women more exposure to female role models. Improving Awareness: Example- Microsoft, the technology major has taken up an initiative to encourage women to pursue careers in STEM and is working to get students and young women excited about STEM subjects. Such initiatives help raise awareness about issues that cause girls to drop out of or lose interest in STEM and aims to hold their excitement by showing them that if they stay engaged how they can change the world. Steps Taken By UNESCO To strengthen and focus UNESCO’s work in support of gender equality in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) it launched STEM and Gender Advancement (SAGA) project in 2015. It is a global UNESCO project supported by Swedish Government through the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida). It offers governments and policymakers a variety of tools to help reduce current global gender gap existing at all levels of education and research in STI fields. ILO Report: Gender Diversity good for business and Economy According to a recent report released by United Nation’s (UN) International Labour Organization (ILO), Companies that improve gender diversity especially at top perform better and rake in higher profits. Key Highlights About: The report released by UN’s ILO is titled as “Women in Business and Management: The business case for change.” Based on: The report findings are based on a global survey conducted by ILO of about 13,000 companies across 70 countries. It also analysed data from 186 countries from a period between 1991 and 2017. Key Findings of Report Companies that improve gender diversity (i.e. equitable representation of people of different genders) especially in their management perform better and reported higher profits hikes in between 5% to 20%. An analysis of data from 186 countries for period 1991-2017 showed that Countries that increase

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 55 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 women employment see better economic growth. As per 57% companies, growing number of women at top made it easier for company to attract and retain talent. Over 54 % companies agreed that with effective gender inclusivity they improved in creativity, innovation and openness and enhanced their company’s reputation. Significance: The report results are eye-opening as it shows that companies should look at gender balance as a bottom-line issue and not just as a human resources issue. About International Labour Organization (ILO) It was founded on 29 October 1919 and is headquartered in Geneva Switzerland. It became United Nations first specialised agency in 1946. ILO has 187 member states. 186 of them are out of 193 UN member states and plus Cook Islands. China continues to use Banned Ozone-Depleting CFC: Study According to a recent research published in journal Nature, China continues to use the banned ozone depleting chemical called CFC-11 in violation of Montreal Protocol. Key Findings of Report Despite being a signatory to Montreal Protocol, and agreeing to phase out the production of harmful CFC-11 in 2010, China continues to emit ozone depleting CFC-11 in violation of Montreal Protocol.

Suspicion: An initial study about a yearAdarsh Bansal ago | [email protected] reported new | global emissions of CFC-11 gas, which many scientists, environmental groups and policymakers had suspected but were only able to locate source generally as East Asia. Confirmation: New findings by international team of researchers confirmed about suspected region and claimed that emissions of ozone layer harming gas are coming from eastern China, primarily from its two heavily industrialised provinces namely Shandong province and Hebei province. These two provinces originate between 40% and 60 % of total global CFC-11 emissions from Eastern China. Highlights: In years between 2008 and 2012, eastern China emitted an average of about 6,400 metric tonnes (MT) of CFC-11 per year, the emissions increased by 25% in 2012 and since 2013 CFC-11 emissions were on rise. This number then increased to an average of about 13,400 metric tonnes (MT) of CFC-11 per year in years between 2014 and 2017. Reasons: China has world’s largest polyurethane foam market which accounts for about 40 % of world’s total consumption. The Chinese foam manufacturers have been using CFC-11 illegally to save on higher cost of alternatives like hydrochloro-fluorocarbons named HCFC-141b, which is supposed to be phased out in China by 2026. The research also found evidence that factories in Shandong province were still making and using gas to manufacture foam insulation. Significance: The new research findings will add to international pressure on Chinese government to curtail the illegal use of CFC-11. About CFC-11 It is also called as freon-11, Trichlorofluoromethane or R-11. It is one of a class of compounds called chlorofluorocarbons that is responsible for destroying atmospheric ozone. It is also a potent greenhouse gases (GHG) that contributes to atmospheric warming. Before being included in production moratorium agreed in the Montreal Protocol of 1987 it was widely being used as a refrigerant. About Montreal Protocol It is a legally binding international pact signed in 1987 to preserve degradation of atmospheric ozone layer that blocks harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sun. Excessive amounts of some types of UV radiation can cause eye damage and skin cancer in people and are also harmful to crops and vegetation. The protocol prescribe that consumption and production of compounds that deplete ozone (03) such as halons, carbon tetrachloride, stratosphere-chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), and methyl chloroform- are to be phased out by 2000 (2005 for methyl chloroform). According to World Meteorological Organization (WMO), hole in ozone layer is on path of recovery and

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 56 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 reduction in atmospheric concentration of CFC-11 has made second-largest contribution to its decline since 1990s. UN Report: India to grow at 7.1% in 2020 According to a United Nations’ report titled World Economic Situation and Prospects (WESP) Report 2019 Mid-year Update, India’s economy is projected to grow at 7.1 % in fiscal year 2020 which will be backed by strong domestic consumption and investment. Key Findings of Report Global Growth: For both developed and developing countries, 2019 growth projections have been downgraded. The growth outlook for many developing economies was also weakened. After an expansion of 3% in 2018, world gross product growth is now projected to settle to 2.7 % in 2019 and 2.9 % in 2020. India’s Growth: Despite a downward revision growth in Indian economy remains strong amid robust domestic demand. India is projected to grow at 7% in fiscal year 2019 and 7.1% in fiscal year 2020. Risk Projections: As per WESP report, certain risks that could trigger a prolonged slowdown in the world economy’s growth include an escalation in trade disputes, a sudden deterioration in financial conditions, and accelerating effects of climate change. The increasing frequency and intensityAdarsh Bansal of | [email protected] natural disasters | globally highlight the rising threats faced from climate change, particularly by most vulnerable economies. Recommendations: To tackle current growth slowdown it would require a combination of monetary, fiscal and development-oriented measures. Also, there is an immediate need of more coordinated multilateral approach to global climate policy, which includes use of carbon pricing mechanisms. About WESP Report It is a joint product of United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA), the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the five United Nations regional commissions. WHO unveils Strategy to tackle Global Snakebite “Emergency” The World Health Organization (WHO) has unveiled a new global strategy to greatly reduce deaths and injuries from snakebites. WHO also warned that a scarcity of antivenoms could soon spark a “public health emergency”. About WHO’s Global Strategy It seeks to achieve 50% reduction in mortality and disability caused by snakebite envenoming by 2030. Increasing the number of manufacturers by 25% and significantly boost production of quality antivenoms. Creating a global antivenom stockpile so as to ensure access to treatment like anti-venoms and ancillary medical care. Encouraging research on new treatments, diagnostics and health device breakthroughs. Integrating snakebite treatment and response into national health plans in affected countries and providing better training to health personnel and educating communities. About Snakebite Envenoming Need: Every year it affects about 1.8–2.7 million people, claiming 81,000–1,38,000 lives and causing around 4,00,000 cases of permanent disability. Region Affected: In many tropical and subtropical countries Snake bite is a neglected public health issue. In 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) formally categorised “snakebite envenoming” as a Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD). Most of Snake bites occur in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Consequences: Snake venom can cause- irreversible kidney failure, paralysis which can stop breathing, bleeding disorders that can lead to fatal haemorrhage, and tissue damage that can cause permanent disability and limb loss. Most deaths and serious fatalities due to snake bites are entirely preventable by making High quality

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 57 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 snake antivenoms accessible. They are also included in WHO’s List of essential medicines. High-Level Committee submits recommendations on Crude Oil Imports A High-Level Committee constituted by Centre has submitted its recommendations to Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas on bringing down India’s dependence on crude oil imports. Key Highlights Composition: The High-Level Committee constituted by the Centre consisted of Dr Anil Kakodkar, an eminent Scientist and Sidharth Pradhan, an expert on financial and tax issues. Purpose: The Committee was constituted to examine issues such as- The preparation of action plan to create synergy among Research and Development (R&D) Centres of Oil and Gas Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs, like ONGC, IOC etc.), tax issues and ways by the Oil and Gas PSUs can benefit from GST. It looked into acquisition, merger and consolidation of Oil and Gas PSUs and Joint Ventures (JVs). It also explored the need and possibility of formation of a new entity that will deal with oil services and supply of qualified manpower to Oil and Gas sector around the world. Recommendations: In its report submitted to Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas it recommended short term, medium term and long term strategies to reduce import dependency of the nation. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Significance: The Petroleum and Natural Gas Ministry will consider recommendations submitted by the Committee while formulating policies. May 25, 2019 Inertial Guided Bomb: successfully Flight-Tested by DRDO The Defence Research and Defence Organisation (DRDO), under Ministry of Defence has successfully flight tested a 500 kg class Inertial Guided Bomb from Su-30 MKI Aircraft from Pokhran test range in Rajasthan. Key Highlights Background: The test firing of guided bomb is conducted just two days after Indian Air Force (IAF) successfully test fired aerial version of supersonic BrahMos cruise missile from a Sukhoi jet at Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The weapon system is capable of carrying different warheads. Result: The guided bomb achieved desired range and hit the target with high precision thus meeting all the mission objectives. Inertial Guided Weapons It is a type of Precision guided munition (smart bomb) which is intended to precisely hit a specific desired target so as to minimize collateral damage and increase fatality against intended targets. It is basically an air-dropped guided bomb which contains metal penetrator rods of various sizes. It was designed to attack targets where an explosive effect may be undesirable and my result in unwanted casualties, like fuel storage tanks or chemical weapon stockpiles in civilian areas. NASA unveils schedule for ‘Artemis’ 2024 Mission The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) of United States (US) has unveiled the calendar for its forthcoming “Artemis” program. Key Highlights Artemis Program: The mission will return astronauts to Moon for first time in past 50 years, including eight scheduled launches and a mini-station in lunar orbit by 2024. The schedule for Artemis Programme is as follows: Artemis 1: It is planned for 2020. It will be an uncrewed flight test mission around Moon. It will demonstrate NASA’s capability of sending crew spaceship to lunar orbit ahead of its return to surface of Moon. After Artemis 1, NASA is also targeting 2020 for launch of its powerful Space Launch System (SLS, rocket that will do the job) and Orion spacecraft (which will carry astronauts) together for the first time from a modernized Kennedy Space Center in Florida, US. The SLS will also deploy a number of

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 58 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 CubeSats to perform experiments and technology demonstrations. Artemis 2: is the next mission planned for 2022. It will orbit Earth’s satellite (moon) and will fly a different path than first test flight. It will be a crewed mission and around Moon for first time in 50 years. Artemis 3: will follow Artemis 2. This is the ‘Artemis’ 2024 Moon mission which will return astronauts to lunar surface by year 2024, including first woman and the next man. So far only 12 humans (all American male) have walked on Moon. All three missions will be launched into space by biggest rocket of all time, the Boeing-led Space Launch System (SLS). It is currently under development but has seen numerous delays and is being criticized by some as a bloated jobs program. About Lunar Gateway NASA and its fellow partners are designing and developing, a small spaceship in orbit around Moon for astronauts and science and technology (S&T) demonstrations, it is known as ‘The Lunar Gateway’. It is located about 250,000 miles from Earth. The Gateway will enable access to entire surface of Moon and will provide new opportunities in deep space for exploration. It’s also a stop-over for missions to Mars. About Artemis Mission ARTEMIS is abbreviation for Acceleration,Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] Reconnection, | Turbulence and Electrodynamics of Moon’s Interaction with the Sun. It is NASA’s next mission to Moon. It is named Artemis after Greek mythological Goddess of Moon and also twin sister to Apollo (the namesake of Apollo program which sent 12 American astronauts to Moon between 1969 and 1972). Objective: It consists of a spacecraft to measure what happens when Sun’s radiation hits our rocky moon, where there is no magnetic field to protect it. Benefits: Artemis mission uses two out of five in-orbit spacecraft from another NASA Heliophysics constellation of satellites called The Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms i.e. “THEMIS”. The NASA’s THEMIS mission began in 2007 and was successfully completed in 2010. The Artemis mission thus allows NASA to repurpose its two in-orbit spacecraft and to extend their useful science mission, saving millions of taxpayer dollars instead of building and launching new spacecraft. Significance: After a successful Artemis mission, NASA will be able to establish a sustainable human presence on Moon by 2028 which will further help it to uncover new scientific discoveries, demonstrate new technological advancements, and lay foundation for private companies to build a lunar economy. BrahMos Cruise Missile: successfully test-fired by IAF The Indian Army’s Eastern Command Unit successfully test-fired a BrahMos supersonic cruise missile from Car Nicobar Islands on 22 May 2019. Key Highlights Background: On same day of BrahMos supersonic cruise missile test firing, Indian Air Force (IAF) had also successfully tested aerial launched version of the BrahMos missile from a Sukhoi-30 combat aircraft. Coordination: The test firing of BrahMos Supersonic Cruise Missile involved coordination between large number of agencies for successful and smooth conduct of firing. It was a cohesive effort of all three defence services India namely, Indian Army, Indian Navy and Indian Air Force (IAF). Thus the launch of BrahMos missile demonstrated high standards of Inter Service Synergy. Significance: The combat missile was test fired on a specially designed target chosen at a range of 270 Kms. This precision hitting of target validated deep penetration capability of supersonic cruise missile and accurate engagement of targets in depth. Importance: With its impeccable multi role and multi platform launch capabilities, BrahMos missile has now established itself as a major ‘Force Multiplier‘ in modern day battlefield thus furthering confidence amongst our troops

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 59 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 About BrahMos Cruise Missile It is a joint collaboration product of India and Russia. It is 2.5 tonne air-to-surface cruise missile with range of around 300 km. It will significantly enhance IAF’s combat capability. It travels at a speed of Mach 2.8, (nearly three times that of sound). NewSpace India Limited: ISRO’s new Commercial Arm The Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) new commercial arm called NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) was officially inaugurated in Bengaluru. About NewSpace India Limited (NSIL) Background: on 6 March 2019, the Department of Space (DoS) registered its second commercial entity called NSIL in ISRO. The first commercial venture of DoS was Antrix Corporation Limited, which was set up in September 1992 to market products and services of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The NSIL was incorporated for commercially utilising research and development (R&D) activities carried out by ISRO in area of space. Capital: NSIL is provided an authorised share capital worth Rs.100 crore and initial paid up capital of Rs.10 crore. Objective: NSIL’s main objective is to scale up industry participation in Indian space programmes.

NSIL Roles and Responsibilty: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | It will act as an aggregator for all space related activities in industry. It will also develop private entrepreneurship in space related technologies. It will be responsible for production and manufacturing of commercially successful Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) and Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) spacecraft launchers via technology transfer mechanisms. It will cater to emerging global market demand of commercial SSLV and will also provide satellite building and satellite-based services which includes outsource assembly of small satellites and upcoming SSLV, supply of sub-systems for various domestic and international application needs. It will enable space technology spin-offs via Indian industry interface. Upcoming Initiatives: NSIL would soon organise an interaction workshop with industry (in Bengaluru) where it would seek industry’s feedback and also their expression of interest to take a newer and larger share of work with ISRO. RBI proposes Guidelines for Large NBFC The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released a draft circular titled ‘Liquidity Risk Management Framework for NBFCs and Core Investment Companies (CICs). RBI after analysing recent developments in NBFC sector proposed a set of guidelines for large Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) to help them deal with severe liquidity problems and to prevent re-occurrence of IL&FS type of debt crisis. The RBI has invited stakeholder comments on draft by June 14. Key Highlights of Draft Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) regime: In a phased manner, an LCR regime would be introduced in all deposit-taking NBFCs and non-deposit taking shadow banks with an asset size of Rs.5,000 crore and above. The shadow banks are non-bank financial intermediaries that provide services similar to traditional commercial banks but are not subject to regulatory oversight. Implementation: To ensure a smooth transition from current to the LCR regime RBI proposed that implementation will be done in a calibrated manner by a glide path over a period of 4 years starting from April 2020 and till April 2024. Binding Condition: LCR requirement would be binding on NBFCs from 1 April 2020 with minimum LCR of 60% that will be progressively increased in equal steps till it reaches required level of 100% by April 1, 2024. High Quality Liquid Assets (HQLA): An NBFC shall maintain an adequate level of unencumbered (free from debt) HQLA which under a significantly severe liquidity stress scenario can be converted

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 60 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 into cash so as to meet its liquidity needs for a 30 calendar-day time horizon. HQLA means liquid assets that can be immediately converted into cash or readily sold at very little or no loss of value or either used as collateral to obtain funds in a range of stress scenarios. Asset-Liability Management Committee (ALCO): would consist of NBFC’s top management and should be responsible for ensuring adherence to risk tolerance and limits set by Board and for implementing NBFC’s liquidity risk management strategy. Contingency Funding Plan (CFP): should be formulated by NBFC for responding to severe disruptions which may affect NBFC’s ability to fund some or all of its activities in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost. Reason for Draft Guidelines Ever since 2018 when IL&FS crisis erupted banks have been averse in lending to this sector, which has further put NBFC’s in a tight spot. There are rising concerns that NBFCs may run out of money, which will further lead to defaults. Many large NBFCs, such as DHFL and Indiabulls Finance came under severe liquidity pressure which compelled them to bring down their reliance on commercial papers (CPs). The CPs is a debt instruments which is issued by companies to raise funds for a time period of up to 1 year. As per estimates about Rs.1 lakh crore of commercial papers (CPs) raised by NBFCs from investors Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | will be coming up for redemption in next 3 months. But since NBFCs are cash-strapped, there is a looming fear that they will default on CPs. In early May RBI also announced creating special cadre to supervise and regulate financial institutions, including banks and NBFCs. May 26, 2019 Sahara: Hostel for the ‘Veer Naris’ Lt. Governor of Delhi Anil Baijal, inaugurated the Sahara Naval Hostel for the ‘Veer Naris’ at Vasant Kunj in New Delhi. About Sahara Hostel Project It is a unique Hostel project for Naval Widows or Veer Naris. Objective: It aims to provide rehabilitation of Naval Widows and their families in period immediately after unfortunate demise of their husbands serving the Indian Navy. The Naval Regimental System office has also been co-located at hostel premises for easy onsite assistance to occupants of Sahara Hostel. Project By: The project is steered by Indian Navy and has been built in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) partnership with National Buildings Construction Corporation (NBCC). NBCC is a Government of India (GoI) Navratna Enterprise that provides civil engineering construction services. Key Features: The Hostels are comprised of compact suites equipped with all necessary amenities for dignified living, along with a common Dining Hall and a Community Hall. Eligibility: Widows who have completed required period in Government accommodation after demise of their husbands only those are eligible to apply for staying in hostel for a period of one year. Extension: for staying beyond this period will be considered based on availability and merits of case. Importance: The hostel addresses a long term need felt towards rehabilitation of Naval ‘Veer Naris’ and also provides them a safe and secure environment which will help them rebuild their lives. Second SCO Mass Media Forum at Bishkek The Second Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Mass Media Forum is being held at Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan capital) from 23 to 26 May 2019. Key Highlights of Forum The SCO Forum was inaugurated by S. Jeenbeko, President of Kyrgyz Republic. During his inaugural address he highlighted importance of role played by Mass Media organizations of SCO countries in achieving SCO’s objectives of regional security, mutual trust and friendly relations with neighbors in line with “Shanghai Spirit”.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 61 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Participants: The representative of state bodies supervising mass media of SCO’s Member States, Observer Countries, Dialogue Partner and representatives of leading mass media of SCO countries and representatives of SCO Secretariat are participating in Forum. Adoption: SCO Member States adopted ‘Resolution of Media Forum’ which calls for establishing successful collaborations of Mass Media Organizations of SCO member Countries. India and Forum: A delegation from Ministry of Information & Broadcasting is representing India at international Forum. Indian Delegation highlighted important played by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting in development of mass media landscape within nation. They also invited all SCO member delegates to upcoming Golden Jubilee edition of International Film Festival of India (IFFI) to be held in Goa in November 2019. Suggestions by India-The delegation emphasized need for media collaborations and exchange of best media practices amongst different mass media organizations, agencies and associations across SCO partner states. It suggested that member states can undertake a media personnel exchange programmes along with joint international press conferences.

Indian delegation also highlightedAdarsh Bansal the | [email protected] idea of working | together to counter problem of fake news. About SCO Mass Media Forum Background: The first SCO Media Summit was held on 1 June 2018 in Beijing, China. It was held under motto of “Development of the “Shanghai Spirit” and opening of a new era in the mass media cooperation”. It saw participation of more than 110 media outlets from 16 countries including SCO Member States, Observer States and Dialogue Partners. Objective: It aims to strengthen exchange and cooperation in field of mass media amongst SCO countries. It also seeks to create an objective vision of SCO and strengthen its positive image in global information space by offering a unique platform for active work via mass media. About Shanghai Spirit It is core value of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) that has played significant role in safeguarding regional security and also promoting regional development. The “Shanghai spirit” is about mutual benefit, mutual trust, consultation, equality, respect for cultural diversity and pursuit of common development among SCO members. May 27, 2019 25 May: World Thyroid Day observed Every year 25 May is observed as World Thyroid Day globally. The year 2019 marked commemoration of 11 years of Global Thyroid Awareness. About World Thyroid Day Background: World Thyroid Day was established in 2008. It was formed as part of a campaign led by the American Thyroid Association and European Thyroid Association to emphasize prevalence of thyroid diseases globally, to increase awareness of new treatment modalities and to focus on urgent need for education and prevention programs. Objective: to promote awareness and understanding about thyroid health and the advancements made in treating thyroid diseases. About Thyroid Thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located in middle of lower part of the neck. Thyroid hormones play an important role in regulating metabolism and energy use and affect almost all of the human body’s organs. Function: The primary function of Thyroid is to control body’s metabolic rate. It is also known as the master gland of metabolism. In order to control body’s metabolic rate it produces T4 (Thyroxine) and T3 (Triiodothyronine) hormones which instruct cells in body to use energy. In early stages, a person may not notice any symptoms of Thyroid. But, in absence of treatment,

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 62 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid gland) or Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid gland) can lead to severe complications, like heart disease and infertility. Healthy Thyroid gland can be maintained by- 1. Increasing iodine intake 2. Staying lean, fit and maintaining healthy weight 3. Increasing intake of anti-oxidants 4. Consuming nuts that have high selenium content Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders in India Thyroid disease contributes to a significant burden in India and across the world. As per a clinical survey estimates around 32% of people suffer from various thyroid related disorders in India like hyperthyroidism thyroid nodules, thyroiditis, goitre, hypothyroidism and thyroid cancer. UNSDG Influential People in Healthcare Award: Acharya Balkrishna The ‘UNSDG 10 Most Influential People in Healthcare Award’ was received by Acharya Balkrishna, Managing Director (MD,) of Patanjali Ayurved Limited on behalf of India’s Patanjali Group of Institutions in Geneva, Switzerland. About Acharya Balkrishna

He is a close aide of Baba Ramdev, renownedAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] Yoga guru. | He was invited to represent India at UNSDG. He was awarded by UNSDG in relation to global health scenario and how these prevalent lifestyle diseases can be treated with Ayurveda, Yoga and other traditional Indian methods and Patanjali’s contribution towards achieving this. He dedicated award received to all those who worked hard mainstream Yoga and Ayurveda at global level. He was among the five keynote speakers of UNSDG (United Nations Sustainable Development Goals) organization. Others include Randy Oostra (UNICEF executive director) Henrietta H Fore (WHO director-general) Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus and Abe Lee. About Patanjali Ayurved It is an Indian consumer goods company which produces wide range Ayurvedic medicinal and personal care products, among other consumer items. Renowned yoga guru Baba Ramdev co-founded the company along with Acharya Balkshrina. SpiceJet: 4th Indian Airline to have 100 aircraft fleet No-frills airline SpiceJet became fourth Indian airline to have a 100 aircraft in its fleet after a recent induction of a Boeing 737 which became its 100th plane. The other three domestic airline with 100 Aircraft fleet are national carrier Air India, now grounded Jet Airways and IndiGo. About Spicejet It is a Gurugram-based budget carrier (No-frills airline). It has an aircraft fleet of 30 Bombardier Q-400s, 68 Boeing 737s and two B737 freighters. At present SpiceJet on an average operates 575 daily flights to around 62 destinations 53 domestic and 9 international. It last one month alone the airline has added some 23 planes. SpiceJet is a key player in Union government’s regional connectivity scheme called UDAN (Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik) as it operates 42 flights per day to and from various regional destinations. In 2015, SpiceJet placed an order for 205 aircraft with Boeing (US) worth $22 billion which was followed by order for 50 Bombardier Q400 planes worth $1.7 billion. Other Indian Domestic Carriers Eight main domestic carriers in India together have 595 planes in their fleet at the moment. They are- 1. Air India has 128 planes in their fleet 2. IndiGo has 230 3. SpiceJet has 100 4. GoAir has 49 planes 5. Air India Express has 25 planes 6. Vistara has 22 planes

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 63 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 7. AirAsia India has 21 8. Alliance Air (is regional subsidiary of Air India) has 20 ATRs for operations. States miss deadline for submitting Action Plan on Waste Disposal Over 25 State governments missed the deadline for submitting their action plans on systematic disposal of plastic waste to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The April 30 deadline set by National Green Tribunal has expired and thus states may have to pay a fine as environment compensation of ₹1 crore each. Key Highlights Background: In early 2019, National Green Tribunal (NGT) directed all States and Union Territories (except Sikkim, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal and Puducherry) to submit an action plan for compliance of PWM (Plastic Waste Mnagement) Rules and submit the same to CPCB by 30 April 2019. Moreover, NGT ordered that if any state fails to submit action plans within designated deadline it will have to pay the pollution body compensation at the rate of ₹1 crore per month after 1 May 2019. Arguments by CPCB The conditions of waste management in country are poor as states do not prioritise plastic and solid waste management rules. Waste management is considered last in the list of priorities of state’s municipal corporations. Initially the States did not comply withAdarsh Bansal CPCB | [email protected] orders, so | it moved the NGT. Now the states are violating NGT orders, so they have to pay price for their laxity. The CPCB will now inform NGT about non-compliance and make states pay heavy amount for default. In some cases punishment not just includes compensation but imprisonment too. Cause of Non-Compliance The main reason for non-compliance of plastic waste management rules is the lack of knowledge and updates among concerned State authorities such as state pollution control boards. There is also a communication gap between Ministry of environment, central government officials and state level government officials responsible for waste management compliance. Way Forward The Ministry of Environment thus needs to conduct regular awareness programmes in states to educate state-level officials to carry out necessary measures to segregate plastic and dispose it. IAF’s AN-32 Aircraft Certified to Operate on Indigenous Bio-Jet Fuel The Indian Air Force’s (IAF’s) AN-32 aircraft was formally fleet certified to fly on blended aviation fuel which contain up to 10% of indigenous bio-jet fuel. Key Highlights About: The Russian made AN-32 aircraft is IAF’s formidable workhorse. It received the approval certificate for flying on blended aviation fuel at the aero-engine test facilities at Chandigarh. Background: The indigenous bio-jet fuel was first produced in 2013 by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Petroleum (CSIR-IIP) lab at Dehradun, but due to lack of test facilities in the civil aviation sector it could not be tested or certified for commercial use on aircraft. Later in July, 2018, Chief of Air Staff (COAS) Air Chief Marshal B.S. Dhanoa formally announced Indian Air Force’s (IAF’s) intention of permitting use of all its resources for testing and certifying the indigenous fuel. Since then, The IAF’s engineers and flight test crew have undertaken a series of tests for evaluating the performance of this indigenous fuel against international standards. Significance: In last one year IAF undertook a series of evaluation tests and trials with this green aviation fuel. The scope of these evaluation tests and checks was in consonance with international aviation standards. The approval granted is an acknowledgement of meticulous testing using indigenous bio- jet fuel by IAF. The recent certification is a huge step towards promoting the ‘Make in India’ mission as this bio-fuel would be produced indigenously from Tree Borne Oils (TBOs) which will be sourced from tribal areas and farmers and will further augment their income substantially.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 64 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 About Bio-Jet Fuel: This indigenous bio-jet fuel is made from Jatropha oil sourced from Chhattisgarh Biodiesel Development Authority (CBDA) and then processed at CSIR-IIP, Dehradun. Swansea University International Dylan Thomas Prize 2019: Guy Gunaratne Sri Lankan writer Guy Gunaratne was announced as the winner of 2019’s Swansea University International Dylan Thomas Prize and received the winning prize sum of £30,000. He won the award for his debut novel ‘In Our Mad and Furious City’. About Guy Gunaratne He is a 35 years old British-Sri-Lankan human rights documentary filmmaker, turned debut novelist. He won over 5 other shortlisted authors. While working as a journalist and documentary filmmaker he has covered human rights stories from around world. In Our Mad and Furious City: is his debut novel and is a fictional account of 48 hours (2 days) in a North London housing estate after murder of a British soldier. The book was shortlisted for The Gordon Burn Prize, The Goldsmiths Prize and the Writers Guild Awards and also longlisted for The Man Booker Prize 2019. His work was lauded for providing an authentic voice to marginalised section of society and for shining a spotlight on very real experiences of youths belonging to minority ethnic backgrounds. About Swansea University International Dylan ThomasAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] Prize | It is awarded every year for the best published literary work in English language, written by an author aged 39 or under. The prize includes a prize sum of £30,000 and celebrates international world of fiction in all its forms including novels, poetry, drama and short stories. The year 2019 marks the 11th year of world’s largest English language literary prize for young authors. Sudirman Cup 2019: China beats Japan In Sudirman Cup Badminton title 2019 China beats Japan in men’s doubles, women’s singles and men’s singles. Key Highlights The 2019 edition was hosted by China and it swept the finals with 3-0 victory against Japan. With this win China 11th Sudirman Cup title. China’s Shi Yuqi whitewashed the world champion Kento Momota of Japan in the finale held in Nanjing City of China. The 23-year-old Shi holds world second-rank and the 24-year-old Momota is ranked world number one. Japan has never won badminton world mixed-team championship and after this defeat their search still goes on. China has for long-time been pre-eminent power in badminton and with this win in 2019 China reclaimed the trophy they lost to South Korea in 2017. About Sudirman Cup It was established in 1989 and is biennial international badminton championship. The tournament is contested by mixed national teams of member associations of Badminton World Federation (BWF). The year 2019 was 16th edition of the Sudirman Cup Title. It was held between 19 and 26 May 2019 in Nanning, China. ISSF World Cup Rifle: Apurvi Chandela wins Gold India’s Apurvi Chandela won gold in women’s 10m Air Rifle at ISSF World Cup Rifle held in Munich, Germany. Key Highlights Apurvi Chandela of India beat Wang Luyao of China with a score of 251 to win gold medal in 10m Air Rifle event at the 2019’s third International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) World Cup Rifle/Pistol stage held in Munich (Germany). Winning Tally: This is Apurvi’s 2nd Shooting World Cup Gold of 2019 in Women’s 10m Air Rifle after the one she won with a world record score in New Delhi in February 2019. Overall this is her

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 65 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 career’s fourth ISSF medal. Tokyo 2020 Olympic quotas: Given that top four ranks consisted of two Indians and two Chinese have already secured maximum possible two quotas in these events they were not eligible for Olympic quotas thus Quotas available on the event day went to Laura-Georgeta Coman of Romania and Eszter Meszaros of Hungary who finished 5th and 6th respectively in the women’s 10m air rifle. India already holds five Tokyo 2020 Olympic quota places in Rifle and Pistol competitions secured by Saurabh Chaudhary, Apurvi, Abhishek Verma Divyansh Singh Panwar and Anjum. Indian Army officer appointed Commander of UNMISS Indian Army’s Lieutenant General Shailesh Tinaikar was as appointed the new force commander of UN Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) by UN Secretary General, Antonio Guterres. About Lieutenant General Shailesh Tinaikar He is a decorated Indian Army officer who has had over 34 years of long distinguished career with Indian Armed Forces. Defence Service: In 1983, he graduated from Indian Military Academy (IMA). From year 1996 to 1997, he served in United Nations Angola Verification Mission III (UNAVM-III) and from 2008 to 2009, in United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMISS). In between 2012 and 2017 he also commanded a division, a recruit training centre and a brigade. Later from 2017 to 2018 served as theAdarsh Additional Bansal | [email protected] Director | General of Military Operations (ADGMO) at Army Headquarters. Since 2018 he was serving as Commandant of the Infantry School. He holds a Master of Philosophy (M.Phil) in Defence and Strategic Studies from The University of Madras. Awards: He has won the Sena Medal and the Vishisht Seva Medal for his service to Indian Army. UNMISS Appointment: The 57-year-old Lieutenant General Tinaikar succeeded Lieutenant General Frank Kamanzi of Rwanda who completed his assignment on 26 May 2019. He will command over 16,000 peacekeepers with about 2,400 from India, in South Sudan in UNMISS. India and UNPKF India is the fourth largest contributor of uniformed personnel to UN peacekeeping missions (blue helmet) throughout the world. At present India contributes more than 6,400 military and police personnel to UN peace operations in the Middle East, Lebanon, Abyei, the Western Sahara, Haiti, Cyprus, South Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. About UNMISS It was created in July 2011 when South Sudan gained independence from Sudan. It is the second biggest peacekeeping operation. Until now over 67 UN peacekeepers have died while serving in mission. As of March 2019 UNMISS has deployed 19,400 personnel with it. India is second highest troop contributing country to UNMISS. India contributes about 2,337 Indian peacekeepers second only after Rwanda with 2,750. In addition to this India currently contributes 22 police personnel also. SpaceX launches First 60 satellites of its ‘Starlink’ Constellation SpaceX launched a rocket carrying the first 60 satellites of its ‘Starlink’ constellation, from Cape Canaveral, Florida in US. The SpaceX’s new array of Starlink communication satellites is intended to provide Internet from space Key Highlights Launch Vehicle: The launch was conducted by SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rockets which began to release the satellites at an altitude of 280 miles (450 kilometers). Orbit Position: The satellites later separated and used their thrusters to take up their positions in a relatively low orbit of 340 miles (550 kilometers). The satellite orbit is slightly higher than International Space Station (ISS), but below the majority of terrestrial satellites placed. The highest of terrestrial satellites sit in a geostationary orbit of 22,400 miles (36,000 kilometers).

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 66 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Satellite Features: Each of satellites weighs only 500 pounds (227 kilograms). They were built in- house in Redmond, near Seattle in US. Their weight makes them the heaviest payload carried aloft by SpaceX to date. Starlink’s constellation: will become operational once over 800 satellites will be activated, which will require at least 12 launches carrying similar payloads. The 60 launched satellites are among the first of a planned 12,000-satellite megaconstellation with aim to provide high-speed internet service from space to customers around the globe. Significance: This launch made SpaceX an early forerunner, along with its rival OneWeb, a startup, but way ahead of Amazon’s Project Kuiper, the brainchild of Jeff Bezos. About SpaceX The US California-based Space Exploration Technologies, or SpaceX is a private rocket company of high-tech entrepreneur Elon Musk. Musk is also chief executive officer (CEO) of automaker Tesla Inc. When it comes to rocket launches it is leading the private space race. With its Starlink venture the firm is now looking to seize a chunk of future space internet market. May 28, 2019 ICMR head wins Dr. Lee Jong-wook Prize for Public Health Professor Balram Bhargava, Director GeneralAdarsh of Bansal Indian | [email protected] Council |of Medical Research (ICMR) jointly won the 2019 Dr Lee Jong-wook Memorial Prize for Public Health at the 72nd World Health Assembly in Geneva, Switzerland. He won the award for his achievements as an innovator, clinician, researcher and trainer. About Dr Lee Jong-wook Memorial Prize for Public Health It was established in 2008. Awarded to: institutions, individuals, governmental organizations and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), who have made an outstanding contribution towards public health. Objective: Prize aims to reward work the done that has extended far beyond the call of normal duties. It is not intended as a reward for excellent performance of duties normally expected of an official position of a governmental or intergovernmental institution. It is an annual award which is conferred at a special ceremony held during the World Health Assembly. Cash Prize: It consists of a plaque from Founder and a sum of money which will not exceed US$ 100 000. Ural: Nuclear-powered Arctic icebreaker launched by Russia Russia recently launched nuclear-powered Arctic icebreaker named ‘Ural’ at Baltic Shipyard in St. Petersburg. The move is to tap commercial potential of Arctic Ocean. Key Highlights Background: Russian President Vladimir Putin announced in April 2019 that Russia will step up construction of icebreakers with aim of significantly boosting freight traffic along its Arctic coast. About: The ship, named as ‘Ural’ was floated out from a dockyard at Baltic Shipyard in St Petersburg. It is one of the trio which when completed will be largest and most powerful icebreakers in world. Objective: Launch of Ural, the Nuclear-powered icebreaker ship is part of an ambitious programme to renew and expand Russia’s fleet of vessels in order to improve its ability to tap the benefits of Arctic’s commercial potential and ensuring dominance of Russia in Arctic region. The Trio: Ural is one of a trio amongst World’s largest and most powerful icebreakers, other two being Arktika (Arctic) and Sibir (Siberia). The Ural will be handed over to Rosatom (Russia’s state- owned nuclear energy corporation) in 2022 after the other two icebreakers in the same series, Arktika (Arctic) and Sibir (Siberia) enter service. Reason: Russia is overhauling its ports and building new infrastructure because during warmer climate cycles, the country readies for more traffic via the Northern Sea Route (NSR) which it

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 67 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 envisages being navigable all year-round. The Ural together with its sisters are central to Russia’s strategic project of opening NSR to all-year activity. Significance: The drive is part of a push to strengthen Russia’s hand in High North as it seeks for dominance with traditional rivals the United States, Canada and Norway and also newcomer China. Way Forward: As per President Vladimir Putin by 2035, Russia’s Arctic fleet would operate at least 13 heavy-duty icebreakers, nine out of which would be powered by nuclear reactors. Importance of Northern Sea Route (NSR) According to a U.S. Geological Survey estimates, the Arctic region has about 22% of the world’s undiscovered oil and gas and it probably holds oil and gas reserves equivalent to 412 billion barrels of oil. The NSR runs from Murmansk to the Bering Strait near Alaska. Russia hopes that this NSR could take off as it cuts sea transport times from Asia to Europe. Government proposes NSSO and CSO merger The outgoing NDA government in one of its last decisions has decided to merge the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) with the Central Statistics Office (CSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI). Key Highlights About: The Government order has clearedAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] | of statistical system by proposing NSSO, CSO merger and formation of an overarching body called National Statistical Office (NSO). Objective: of restructuring is to strengthen and streamline the present nodal functions of ministry and to bring in more synergy by integrating its administrative functions within ministry. Criticism: The recent order skips any mention of National Statistical Commission (NSC), which has been overseeing body for all the statistical work done in India. Unlike the earlier resolution notified by MoSPI on June 2005 the recent order does not equate the Secretary (Statistics and Programme Implementation) with Chief Statistician of India. Thus, the order is being widely perceived as a dent on autonomy of Indian statistical system. As per Pronab Sen, former chief statistician of India, by being merged with CSO the character of NSSO will change and it will lose its existence. The changed character of NSSO will also bring it out of NSC’s control. Arguments: The NSSO was earlier an attached office of MoSPI, which gave it a legally distinct identity from ministry and the NSC used to oversee all technical aspects of statistical work undertaken such as which survey needs to be done, when and how it needs to be done. With the merger of CSO and NSSO the autonomy of NSSO will be gone and the NSC’s control over NSSO will not be there. The 2005 Resolution by MoSPI: notified initiation of setting up of the NSC and also proposed the single entity named National Statistical Organisation that will act as the executive wing of government for statistics and would act according to policies and priorities as laid down by the NSC. As per the 2005 resolution the NSO would be headed by an officer of rank of Secretary to Government of India (GoI), who will be designated as Chief Statistician of India and he will also function as Secretary of (National Statistical) Commission. NSO Composition: Unlike 2005 resolution the recent order just mentions NSO to be headed by Secretary (S&PI), with various divisions reporting to Secretary through the Director Generals (DGs). There will be three Director Generals: 1. DG (Statistics) 2. DG (Coordination, Administration and Policy) 3. DG (National Sample Survey) — reporting to the Secretary (S&PI). IAF pay homage to Kargil War Martyrs during Operation Safed Sagar The Indian Air Force (IAF) Chief Air Chief Marshal (ACM) B.S. Dhanoa visits Air Force Station in Bhisiana and Sarsawa to pay homage to the air warriors who made supreme sacrifice during Operation Safed Sagar at Kargil. Key Highlights

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 68 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Background: On 28 May 1999 the Indian Air Force lost a Mi-17 helicopter after successfully attacking the enemy in Drass sector (J&K). On this day 1999 Squadron Leader Squadron Leader Ajay Ahuja who was at that time the Flight Commander of 17 Squadron laid down his life along with Squadron Leader R Pundhir, Flight Lieutenant S Muhilan, Sergeant R K Sahu and Sergeant PVNR Prasad who also died in action in that Mi-17 helicopter during the Kargil conflict. About: The Chief of the Air staff (CAS) B. S. Dhanoa paid tribute to Late Squadron Leader Ajay Ahuja and other fallen heroes who lost their life 20 years back during the Kargil war. CAS B.S. Dhanoa flew the ‘missing man’ formation flypast in a Mig-21 aircraft. He was accompanied by Air Marshal R Nambiar, Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C) Western Air Command in the ‘missing man’ flypast organised at Air Force Station in Bhisiana in Bhatinda to honour the valour and supreme sacrifice of men killed in action during Operation Safed Sagar at Kargil, J&K. On 28 May the CAS visited Air Force Station Sarsawa and fly in a Mi-17 V5 ‘Missing Man’ formation flypast to commemorate the Kargil martyrs. About The ‘Missing Man’ formation It is an aerial salute accorded to honour the fallen comrades-in-arms. It is basically an Arrow Formation, with a gap between two aircraft in a way that the formation depicts the Missing Man. About Operation Safed Sagar (or “Operation White Sea”) It was the code name assigned to IndianAdarsh BansalAir | [email protected]’s (IAF) role| in acting jointly with Ground troops of Indian Army during the Kargil war in 1999. It was aimed at flushing out Regular and Irregular troops of Pakistani Army from vacated Indian Positions in Kargil sector along Line of Control (LOC). Since 1971 Indo-Pakistani War, it was the first large scale use of Airpower in Jammu and Kashmir region. AKASH-1S Missile: test fired by DRDO The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully test fired Akash-1S surface to air defence missile system from Integrated Test Range (ITR) in Balasore off the Odisha coast. This is the second successive successful missile test by DRDO in last two days. About Akash-1S Background: The Akash missile is a medium range multi-target engagement capable missile that was developed as part of Integrated Guided-Missile Development Programme (IGMDP). Other missiles under IGDMP are Nag, Agni, Trishul, and Prithvi missiles. The missile system was formally inducted into the Army on May 2015 and in the IAF on July 2015. Later in September 2015 the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) cleared seven additional squadrons of the Akash missile for IAF. After a 2017 Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) report stated that 30% of these missiles failed when tested and in 2017 itself the Army too agreed that missiles did not meet its operational requirements because of their higher reaction time. Features It is a supersonic surface to air missile with multi-target engagement capability. Akash-1S is an upgrade version of existing Akash missile fitted with an indigenously developed seeker. The new Akash weapon system has combination of both command guidance and active terminal seeker guidance. Range: The missile has a range of about 25 km and altitude range of 18,000 metres (18km). It is capable of neutralizing advanced aerial targets and in striking down enemy fighter jets and drones effectively. Missile system uses: high-energy solid propellant for booster and ramjet-rocket propulsion for sustainer phase thus is said to be highly mobile. Variants: include Akash MK1, Akash-MK2. They have improved accuracy and higher ranges are under development by the DRDO.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 69 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Way Forward India taking certain steps to slowly fill the holes in its air defence elements such as by developing advanced surface-to-air missile called ‘Medium Range Surface to Air Missile’ (MRSAM) in collaboration with Israel. Besides MRSAM, India is also procuring five regiments of renowned S-400 air defence system from Russia whose delivery will begin in 2020. MP’s Orchha Town added to UNESCO WHS Tentative List The architectural heritage of Orchha town which is one of the prime tourist draws in Madhya Pradesh has been included in tentative list of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO’s) World Heritage Sites. Background The Orcha town was included in tentative list of cultural heritage following a proposal sent by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to the United Nations body on 15 April 2019. As per the rules, for any heritage or any historical site to be included in UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites (WHS) it has first to be included on tentative list. After it makes to tentative list, another proposal is sent to UNESCO for its final addition in heritage sites. About Orcha Town Location: Orchha town is located in NiwariAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] of Madhya | Pradesh’s Bundelkhand region. It lies on banks of river Betwa (around 80 km from MP’s Tikamgarh district) and 15 km from Jhansi district of UP. Built: It was built in 16th century during the reign of Bundela dynasty by its King Rudra Pratap Singh. Unique: It is the only place in India where Lord Ram is worshipped as a king (not in God form) with a dedicated temple in his name called Sri Ram Raja Mandir. Famous: The ancient town is famous for its two elevated minaret popularly called as Saavan and Bhadon, and its four palaces named as Raj Mahal, Jahangir Palace, Rai Praveen Mahal and Sheesh Mahal. It is also famous for its concept of open bungalows, stone work windows, animal statues that depicts culture of Bundelkhand. Bundela Architectural delights: The Orchha town has a peculiar style of architecture used by Bundela dynasty. Bundela architecture has had a Mughal influence. The town is famous for its Orchha Fort complex, Chaturbhuj Temple and Raja Mahal among other architectural delights. Key Facts There are 37 Indian heritage sites on the UNESCO World Heritage list. If architectural splendour of Orchha makes it to UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites’s final list then it would be India’s 38th site to form part of the treasured list. Three historically famous sites in Madhya Pradesh which are among 37 Indian sites, includes Buddhist monuments at Sanchi, rock shelters of Bhimbedka and Khajuraho group of monuments. Government constitutes Tribunal for adjudicating ban on LTTE The Government of India (GoI) has constituted a Tribunal for adjudicating ban on Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Key Highlights Background: LTTE has been banned in India since 1991, after the assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi by its member. In early May 2019 the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) issued a notification about extending a ban on LTTE in India for a further period of five years. As per the notification GoI under the provisions of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA), 1967 declared LTTE as an unlawful association. Recent Mandate: to examine whether or not there is sufficient cause for declaring Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) as an unlawful association (reiterated recently by MHA) the Government of India has constituted the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Tribunal. The Tribunal: constituted by GoI is comprised of a sitting Judge of Delhi High Court (HC) Justice Sangita Dhingra Sehgal.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 70 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 28 May: Birth Anniversary of freedom fighter Veer Savarkar observed Swatantryaveer Vinayak Damodar Savarkar’s birth anniversary was celebrated on 28 May 2019. On this occasion Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tributes to VD Savarkar and said that the nation will always remember sacrifices made by Veer Savarkar during the freedom struggle. About V D Savarkar (1883 – 1966) Vinayak Damodar Savarkar, popularly called as Veer Savarkar was born on 28 May 1883 near Nasik in Maharashtra. He was a freedom fighter and called 1857 revolt as the first war of independence. Organizations: founded by him include Abhinav Bharat Society (in Pune) and Free India Society (in London). Literary work: He has written “Joseph Mazzini- Biography and Politics.” He has published “The Indian War of Independence” about Indian rebellion of 1857 (also called The First War of Independence and “Sepoy Mutiny” of 1857). Savarkar wrote the book ‘Hindutva: who is hindu?’ (during his prison term in Ratnagiri Jail) He was not amongst the founder of Hindu Mahasabha, but did serve as its president from 1937 to 1943. He was a member of India House. He opposed the Quit India Movement struggle (in 1942) calling it a “Quit India but keep your army” movement. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | He endorsed the ideal of India as a ‘Hindu Rashtra’ and is also credited with developing Hindu nationalist political ideology of ‘Hindutva’. In his honour the airport at Port Blair, capital of Andaman and Nicobar has been named as Veer Savarkar International Airport. May 29, 2019 P S Golay sworn in as new CM of Sikkim The Sikkim Krantikari Morcha (SKM) leader Prem Singh Tamang, better known as PS Golay was recently sworn in as Chief Minister of Sikkim. Key Highlights S. Golay’s Chief Ministerial oath was administered by Governor Ganga Prasad at Paljor Stadium in Gangtok, Sikkim. He took the oath in Nepali language. At present, Golay is not a member of State Legislative Assembly as he did not contest the polls. Sikkim Krantikari Morcha (SKM): was formed in year 2013. In recent assembly polls it won a majority of 17 seats of the 32-member Sikkim Legislative Assembly. Its opposition party Sikkim Democratic Front (SDF) bagged 15 seats. Succeeds: P S. Golay succeeded Pawan Chamling of the SDF, who holds record for being the longest serving Chief Minister of India. Chamling won five consecutive terms for a little over 24 years. About Prem Singh Tamang (Golay) The 51 year old Golay is the sixth Chief Minister of the Himalayan State. He started his career as a school teacher. At the age of 26, he was elected to Sikkim Legislative Assembly in 1994 as an SDF candidate and went on to serve as Minister holding several portfolios for three consecutive terms till 2009. BIMSTEC leaders invited to PM Modi’s oath-taking ceremony India has invited the leaders of The Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) Member States for the swearing-in ceremony of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. This invitation is in line with the Government’s focus on its ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy. Key Facts Prime Minister Narendra Modi will take oath for the 17th Lok Sabha on 30 May 2019. The oath of Office and Secrecy of PM’s and other members of Union Council of Ministers will be administered by President Ram Nath Kovind at a function in Rashtrapati Bhavan. Apart from BIMSTEC members invitations for PM’s swearing-in ceremony have also been sent to Sooronbay Jeenbekov, President of Kyrgyzstan who is the current Chair of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and Pravind Jugnauth, Mauritius Prime Minister who is also the Chief Guest at Pravasi Bhartiya Divas 2019.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 71 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 About BIMSTEC Background: In 1997, prior to joining of Myanmar as a full member in grouping of ‘BIMST-EC’ it was named as the ‘BIST-EC’. The BIST-EC (Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, and Thailand Economic Cooperation) was initiated in 1997 itself and was encouraged by India’s Look East Policy (LEP) and Thailand’s Look West Policy it was Initiated. In 2004 Nepal and Bhutan became its members and the grouping was again renamed, now as the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC). BIMSTEC is an international organization which involves a group of countries in South Asia and South East Asia (SEA). Members (7): It comprises of primarily seven countries, those lying in littoral and adjacent areas of Bay of Bengal which includes India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar and Thailand. Objective: to improve connectivity between the member countries through multi-modal transport corridors. In general, there are ‘14 priority sectors’ which cover almost all areas of cooperation such as energy, handling of refugees, anti-narcotic measures. India elected to Executive Board of 1st UN-Habitat Assembly India has been elected to the Executive Board of first United Nations Human Settlements Program (UN- Habitat) Assembly. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Key Highlights The India’s election was made at the ongoing Plenary Session of Assembly which is being held at the headquarters of UN-Habitat in Nairobi, Kenya. Schedule: The first session of the UN-Habitat Assembly will be held from 27 May 2019 till 31 May 2019. Task Undertaken: During the first session, Assembly will establish UN-Habitat’s Executive Board and elect its members. It will review and approve the UN-Habitat Strategic Plan 2020-2025 and will also review Progress in implementation of New Urban Agenda. Theme: The special theme for the first UN-Habitat Assembly is- ‘Innovation for Better Quality of Life in Cities and Communities’. Significance: The election of India in Executive Board indicates that country’s global clout continues to grow significantly. About UN–Habitat It is the United Nations agency for human settlements and sustainable urban development. It was established in 1978 and is headquartered in Nairobi, Kenya. The establishment of UN-Habitat was an outcome of First United Nation (UN) Conference on Human Settlements and Sustainable Urban Development held in 1976 in Vancouver (Canada). Objective: To promote socially and environmentally sustainable towns & cities with aim of providing adequate shelter for all. Parent Organization: UN-Habitat reports to the UN General Assembly (UNGA). It is also a member of United Nations Development Group (UNDG). The UN-Habitat derives its mandate from the Habitat Agenda. About UN Habitat Agenda It was adopted in 1996 by the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II) in Istanbul in Turkey. The Habitat Agenda has twin goals of- 1. Adequate shelter for all. 2. Development of sustainable human settlements in today’s urbanizing world. Ireland votes to ease restrictions on Divorce Law People in the Republic of Ireland have voted by an overwhelming majority to ease the constitutional restriction on country’s divorce law. Key Highlights Background: A 1995 referendum granted Irish couples the right to divorce by a slim majority of

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 72 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 50.3% and since then the mandated separation period was a hangover condition. In 2018 Ireland again held a referendum in which 66% voters cast votes in favour of repealing country’s constitutional ban on abortion. Recent development: Now in 2019 around 82 % of Ireland voters casted their ballot in favour of removing a provision that requires couples to live separately for four out of previous five years before their marriage is dissolved. Need: At present, Irish divorce law is regarded as among the most restrictive in Europe. It is considered to be responsible for Ireland having lowest separation rate of any European Union (EU) member state which is also evident by figures released by country’s Central Statistics Office for year 2015. The rate of low separation because of strict divorce law rate places an unfair emotional and financial burden on couples as well as families at a time when Irish rental and property prices are spiking. Significance: The step is latest in a series of reforms taken up by Republic of Ireland to modernise the charter of the once-devoutly Catholic nation. Way Forward: The Irish government now will bring a new legislation shortening requirement to two out of the prior three years for couples to live separately before dissolving their marriage.

Murray Gell-Man: NobelAdarsh Bansal Prize | [email protected] winning physicist | dies at 89 The Nobel-winning physicist Murray Gell-Mann, died at the age of 89 in New Mexico. He is credited with bringing order to the universe by helping discover and classifying subatomic particles. About Murray Gell-Mann Background: Murray was born and raised in New York City, US. He received his bachelor’s degree in physics from Yale University in 1948 and his PhD from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1951. He dominated theoretical particle physics during 1950s and 1960s, Nobel Prize Laureate: Gell-Man was honored with Nobel prize in physics in 1969 for his contributions and discoveries relating to the classification of elementary particles and their interactions. Achievements He is said to have transformed physics by devising a method for sorting subatomic particles into simple groups of eight (8) based on their spin, electric charge and other characteristics. He named this method “eightfold way” after Buddhist Eightfold Path to enlightenment. He also developed a theory which identified “quarks”, an indivisible components of Earth’s matter that make up neutrons, protons and other particles. Later Experiments in field of physics confirmed existence of quarks, which now form basis for our physical understanding of the universe. Burnout classified as medical condition: WHO The World Health Organization (WHO) has for the first time recognised “burn-out” in its International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The decision was taken during the World Health Assembly (WHA) in Geneva. Key Highlights Definition: In latest update of WHO’s catalogue of diseases and injuries gloablly, WHO defined Burn-out as- syndrome conceptualised as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. As per the classification, Burn-out refers predominantly to phenomena in occupational context and should not be applied to describe an individual’s experience in other areas of life. Three Dimensions: The syndrome is characterised by three dimensions – 1. Feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion. 2. Increased mental distance from one’s job, or feelings of cynicism or negativism related to one’s job. 3. Reduced professional efficacy. Significance: Classifying “burn-out” in ICD could help put to rest years of debate among experts about how to define burnout, and whether it should be considered a medical condition or not.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 73 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 About International Classification of Diseases (ICD) It is the global health information standard for mortality and morbidity statistics. It was created in 1948 and WHO was entrusted with it. ICD is revised periodically and this year is currently its 10th revision. It is widely used as a benchmark for diagnosis and health insurers. The updated ICD list, dubbed as ICD-11, was drafted in 2018 following recommendations from health experts from all around the world. It was approved on 25 May 2019 and will take effect in January 2022. About The ICD-11 For the first time burnout has been included in WHO’s ICD classification. The list also contains several other additions which includes classification of ‘compulsive sexual behaviour’ in category of mental disorder however it stops short of combining the condition together with addictive behaviours. For the first time it recognises Video Gaming as an addiction and listed it alongside gambling and drugs like cocaine. It also removes transgenderism from its list of mental disorders although listed it instead under chapter on “conditions related to sexual health”. Hindi versionAdarsh of Bansal Digital | [email protected] Dilemma | launched John Bailey, President of Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences which is popularly known as Oscar Academy, e-launched the Hindi translation of Academy Publication “Digital Dilemma”, in Delhi. The Oscar Academy works towards goal of advancing arts and sciences of motion pictures. Key Highlights Oscar Academy President John Bailey launched Hindi version of ‘Digital Dilemma’ by National Film Archive of India (NFAI). Developments: The Academy’s Science and Technology Council in its landmark report, examined ways in which key players in movie business currently stores and access digital data. With years of research the S&T council discovered that issues related to digital storage reliability are far beyond lost snapshots and spreadsheets. Digital Dilemma: an Academy publication is written by Milt Shelton and Andy Maltz and has been translated in many global languages. It discusses challenges of efficiently archiving and accessing massive data in the long term. MoU: National Film Archive of India (NFAI) had signed an Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Oscar Academy to translate the publication into Hindi so that it can benefit various stakeholders in India. The NFAI emphasised on need of Hindi version of publication so that it would benefit different stakeholders in country. NFAI: is India’s premier organisation in film preservation, conservation and restoration. It runs under the aegis of Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. Significance: the translation of the Academy publication into hindi is important so as to reach out to the film fraternity in India. The technological changes in the film storage mediums throw many challenges thus this book will help film makers in understanding and planning the storage of born- digital material. MOU: signed between NSIC and MSME Ministry A Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) was signed between National Small Industries Corporation Limited (NSIC) and Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) for the year 2019-20. Key Highlights About: The MoU between NSIC and MSME envisages provisions of enhanced services by NSIC under its marketing, financial, technology and other support services schemes for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the country. Projections: The NSIC projects to increase Revenue from Operation by 22% i.e. from Rs.2540 crore in year 2018-19 to Rs.3100 crore in 2019-20. It also projects growth of 32% in profitability during year 2019-20.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 74 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 NSIC plans to enhance its activities in areas of imparting entrepreneurship and skill development training by targeting 45% growth in the number of trainees. National SC-ST Hub Scheme: NSIC is implementing National SC-ST Hub Scheme on behalf of the Ministry of MSME. Under the scheme it will be a continued attempt to provide assistance to SC/ST entrepreneurs via different interventions and various outreach activities. The overall objectives of scheme will be to increase their participation in public procurement. Way Forward: Although the performance of NSIC is appreciable it is suggested that greater efforts should be made to expand reach of NSIC so that it may be able to serve larger number of MSMEs in the country. Nine Dots Prize 2019: winner Annie Zaidi Indian writer Annie Zaidi was announced as the winner of Nine Dots Prize 2019. About The Nine Dots Prize The name of this global book prize is in reference to the ‘nine dots puzzle’ which is a lateral thinking puzzle that can only be solved by thinking outside the box. Objective: to promote, engage and encourage innovative thinking so as to address problems facing modern world. The prestigious book prize is awarded for creative thinking that tackles contemporary societal issues. Selection Criteria: Entrants are askedAdarsh to Bansal answer | [email protected] the given | question in 3,000 words. Eligiblility: All entrants with minimum 18 years of age and over are welcome to enter but responses and resulting book must be in English. Cash Prize: The winner receives US$100,000 to write a short book expanding on their ideas. The Prize is sponsored by the Kadas Prize Foundation with support from the Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities (CRASSH) at the University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Press. About Annie Zaidi She is a Mumbai-based freelance writer. She won Nine Dots Prize for her entry titled ‘Bread, Cement, Cactus’. It was a combining memoir and reportage which explores concepts of home and the belonging rooted in her experience of contemporary life in India. May 30, 2019 Naveen Patnaik sworn in as Odisha Chief Minister Biju Janata Dal (BJD) leader Naveen Patnaik takes oath as CM of Odisha for a record 5th consecutive term. BJD has been in power in Odisha since 2000. Key Highlights The 72 year old Naveen Patnaik is the longest-serving chief minister of coastal state. BJD has been in power in the state since 2000. He won a clear mandate of 112 out of the 147 seats in the recently conducted Odisha state election that were held along with national elections. Out of 20 Parliamentary seats Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) bagged 8 seats and BJD won 12. Oath Ceremony: His oath was administered oath by Odisha’s Governor Ganeshi Lal at a function in Bhubaneswar. Unlike past low-key oath taking ceremonies this is the first time that swearing in was held in full public view, outside the Raj Bhavan. 20 newly elected BJD MLAs also took oath as ministers, including 11 of Cabinet rank. The Decisive Mandate: The Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik was once a part of the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) between year 1998 and 2009. But later, maintained “equidistant” from BJP as well as the Congress. On Claiming that no party will get a majority in national election 2019 Mr Patnaik announced his support for any party or coalition that supports the Odisha’s development especially in aftermath of Cyclone Fani that left a trail of destruction in the state and killed 64 people. Pema Khandu sworn-in as Arunachal Pradesh Chief Minister The Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) leader Pema Khandu was sworn-in as the new Chief Minister of Arunachal

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 75 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Pradesh. Key Highlights Pema Khandu was sworn in as the first Chief Minister of an elected Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government in Arunachal Pradesh. In chronology he is the 10th Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh. Oath Ceremony: The oath oath of office and secrecy was administered by A.P’s Governor Brigadier (Retd.) B.D. Mishra. Apart from Mr Khandu, Chown Mein who took Deputy Chief Minister designation and 10 others as ministers oath was also undertaken. For the first time formal installation ceremony was held in Itanagar’s landmark convention centre, named after his father Dorjee Khandu instead of Raj Bhavan where his predecessors were sworn in. The ceremony was ateended by chief ministers of five north-eastern States namely, Assam, Nagaland, Manipur, Tripura and Meghalaya. About Pema Khandu He pitchforked into politics after the death of his father in a helicopter crash in April 2011. His father, Dorjee Khandu was the fifth CM of Arunachal Pradesh. After his father’s death he was made the State’s Water Resources Development and Tourism Minister in a Congress government. Then in June 2011 he won the by-election to the Mukto Assembly seat that is still synonymousAdarsh with Bansal | [email protected] father’s name. | In July 2016, the State’s political uncertainty made Mr. Khandu a surer leader when he took over from Nabam Tuki as the then Chief Minister of a Congress government. ACM BS Dhanoa receives Baton of Chairman COSC The Chief of the Air Staff (COAS) Air Chief Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa received the baton of Chairman, Chiefs of Staff Committee (COSC) from Admiral Sunil Lanba, the outgoing Chief of the Naval Staff and also COSC Chairman. Air Chief Marshal BS Dhanoa will take over as new Chairman COSC with effect from 31 May 2019 consequent to release of charge by Admiral Sunil Lanba upon hus superannuation. About Admiral Sunil Lanba The Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sunil Lanba will retire on 31 May 2019 after a distinguished career spanning more than four decades. Admiral Lanba served as 23rd Chief of the Naval Staff of the Indian Navy. The Commands held by him includes Eastern Naval Command, Southern Naval Command. He has been an ardent supporter of Tri-Services (Indian Army- Indian Airforce- Indian Navy) Jointmanship. He was instrumental in harmonising the efforts of three Services in a number of Tri Services issues. He has been Awarded- Param Vishisht Seva Medal and Ati Vishisht Seva Medal. About ACM Birender Singh Dhanoa The Air Chief Marshal B S Dhanoa is an alumni of Rashtriya Indian Military College and the National Defence Academy (NDA). He was commissioned in the Flying Branch of Indian Air Force (IAF) in June 1978. Flying Experience: He is an experienced fighter pilot and a qualified category (CAT) ‘A’ Flying Instructor. He has more than 3000 hours of flying experience to his credit. The ACM has predominantly flown the MiG-21 aircraft along with flying experience across entire spectrum of fighter aircraft of the Indian Air Force (IAF). Service: He was the Commanding Officer of a frontline ground attack fighter squadron during the Kargil war (1999). He has also held several coveted operational and staff assignments such as the command of a frontline fighter Base, Chief Instructor (Air) at Defence Services Staff College (DSSC), Director Fighter Operations and War planning at Western Air Command, Senior Air Staff officer of two operational Commands and Assistant Chief of the Air Staff (Intelligence) at Air HQ. He has also served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief of South Western Air Command and has also been

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 76 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Vice Chief of the Air Staff (VCOAS). ‘Hawa Aane De’: song launched by Environment Ministry The Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEFCC) has launched a song titled ‘Hawa Aane De’ to spread awareness about Air pollution. Key Highlights Background: Every year on 5 June World Environment Day (WED) is celebrated globally. The MoEFCC celebrates WED focussing on the annual theme declared by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and organizes several events accordingly. For the year 2019 theme for WED is ‘Air Pollution’. Thus Keeping with annual tradition the main function will be being held at Vigyan Bhawan on 5th June, 2019 and it will be presided over by the Environment Minister. The WED will also be celebrated across the country in State Capitals and UT’s. Event Includes: release of several books, launch of a film competition on environment and three thematic sessions on- Air Pollution, Waste Management and Forests: the Green Lungs of cities. About “Hawa Aane De” Song It is the theme song for WED 2019 and was launched in New Delhi by Shri C.K. Mishra, Secretary MoEFCC in presence of artists involved with song. Objective: the song is a call to action for all people to come together to combat environmental challenges of our time. It urges eachAdarsh one Bansal | [email protected] us to explore | green technologies and measures to improve air quality and make India polluted. Produced By: MoEFCC in collaboration with Bhamla Foundation, Mumbai. The song “HawaAaneDe” is done with with celebrities and influencers with intention to carry out message of Air Pollution. Written By: Shri Swanand Kirkire. Sung by: Sunidhi Chauhan, Shri Shantanu Mukherjee Shankar Mahadevan and Kapil Sharma. The film has been directed by Shri Romanchak Arora. About National Clean Air programme (NCAP) It is one of the initiatives recently by launched Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEFCC) to combat air pollution Objective: to control and abate air pollution across the country. It is a mid-term 5 Year Action Plan. It is a multi-sectoral and collaborative approach with mainstreaming and integration to reduce air pollution. Target: to reduce 20-30% of PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentration in 102 cities. Out of 102, 84 cities have already submitted their action plan. MoU: signed between IIT Guwahati and ISRO The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Guwahati has signed a Memorandum of Understanding MoU with The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to set up an IITG-ISRO Space Technology Cell (STC) About IITG-ISRO STC About: The Space Technology Cell (STC) would be a first of its kind in the North-East region that would augment research and capacity building processes in field of space-technology. Located: STC will be established at new academic complex and research and development building that was recently inaugurated by Assam Governor Jagdish Mukhi at IIT Guwahati campus. Objective: Through STC IIT Guwahati aspire to partner with ISRO so as to perform cutting edge research that not only caters to socio-economic needs of Northeast but also contribute towards basic research activities of various ISRO projects across India. Constitutes: faculty members from IITG, visiting scientists and experts from ISRO, technical staff and research students. Significance: STC is a major milestone for IITG as it gives opportunity to kick start collaborative research activities involving its faculty members and ISRO scientists for short term and long term solutions in areas of challenging space-research problems. It would serve as a platform for involving and motivating undergraduate, post graduate (PG)

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 77 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 students and research scholars and orienting them towards field of space-research activities. Way Forward The research and development activities always play an important role in shaping our nations progress mainly in realms of science and technology. To lead mankind to the path of wellbeing, IIT fraternity must use its wisdom and expertise for extensive application of research and technology such as nanotechnology. The realm of Nanotechnology is a domain of future that has opened vistas for newer medical avenues for welfare of mankind. To achieve this distinctive profile IITs plays a crucial role and their brilliant students should take proactive role in dedicating themselves for great vision of transforming nation with help of Nanotechnology. Role of IIT: IIT’s in India empowers students with quality technological knowledge, skill and ability and help them inculcate right attitude and holistic values. In addition to this the teaching methodology and imparting education, IITs should additionally highlight importance of entrepreneurship and must prepare students to use their creativity and freedom to set up business ventures and showcase ability to generate wealth and employment avenues. IMD World Competitiveness Rankings 2019 India has moved up one place to rank 43rd mostAdarsh Bansal competitive | [email protected] economy | in world in annual competitiveness rankings compiled by International Institute for Management Development (IMD). Key Highlights India: has moved one notch higher to 43th rank (from its 44th position in 2018, 45th in 2017 and 41st in 2016.) in terms of competitiveness worldwide. This improved rank is result of India’s robust economic growth, a large labour force and its huge market size. Singapore: The competitiveness chart was topped by Singapore that has toppled the Hong Kong and the United States to to take the top spot among the world’s most competitive economies. Singapore has grabbed top position for the first time in nine years. In 2018 it stood at third rank. US: The US slipped to the third place in 2019 edition of the IMD World Competitiveness Rankings. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) has held onto its second position same as last year. This rank was due to countries benign tax and business policy environment and access to business finance. Asia-Pacific: As per the study Asia-Pacific region has emerged as a global beacon with 11 out of 14 economies (that were studied) either improved or holded onto their ground. Saudi Arabia: is the country that made its mark as the biggest climber of 2019. It advanced 13 places from 2018 currently to No. 26 this was due to strong investment in education. Venezuela: embattled in turmoil hit by inflation, poor access to credit and a weak economy finished in last place. About IMD World Competitiveness Rankings The rankings were first started in 1989. It ranks 63 economies on 235 indicators which are incorporated from each of these economies. The indicators are used to evaluate country’s ability to foster an environment where enterprises can achieve desirable sustainable growth, generate employment and increase its citizen’s welfare. Gauge: The International Institute for Management Development (IMD) Business School takes into account a wide range of statistics and hard data such as unemployment, GDP and government spending on health and education as well as soft data from an international business executive opinion survey on topics such as social cohesion, globalisation and corruption. Categories: The economies were judged in four categories 1. Economic Performance 2. Infrastructure 3. Government Efficiency 4. Business Efficiency.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 78 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Way Forward In the IMD 2019 rankings, although India has scored well on several economic parameters and tax policies but it still lagged in terms of education infrastructure, societal framework, public finance, health and environment. Thus challenge before India remains to address digital literacy and internet bandwidth in rural areas, to maintain high growth with employment generation, proper implementation of Goods and Services Tax (GST), managing fiscal discipline. 29 MAY: International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers observed The International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers was observed on May 29 2019. The theme for this year is ‘Protecting Civilians, Protecting Peace’. About International Day of UN Peacekeepers Background: It was instituted by United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) through Resolution 57/129 in December 2002. It was chosen to mark 20th anniversary of UN Security Council’s (UNSC) first explicitly mandated a peacekeeping mission to protect civilians viz. UN Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) from 1999 until 2005. The date 29 was chosen as it marks establishment of first UN peacekeeping mission was on this day in 1948, when UN Security Council (UNSC) authorized deployment of small number of UN military observers to Middle East.

Importance: The day is celebrated toAdarsh honour Bansal | [email protected] memory of | more than 3,800 UN peacekeepers who have lost their lives while rendering peacekeeping services. It also pays tribute to all men and women who have served and continue to serve in UN peacekeeping operations across the world for their high level of professionalism, dedication and courage. About India and UNPKF India is the 4th largest troop contributor to UN peacekeeping missions. Currently, it contributes about 6,400 peacekeepers to various missions across the world. India also has largest percentage of women in police force, at around 32%, contribution to the future of peacekeeping. MoU: signed between IAF and ISRO The Indian Air Force (IAF) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) for astronaut selection and training for ambitious Gaganyaan Programme, scheduled for 2022. Key Highlight IAF has signed MoU with ISRO for crew selection and training for prestigious Gaganyaan Programme. The MoU was handed over by R G K Kapoor, Air Vice Marshal to the Project Director of Gaganyaan Programme, R Hutton. The signing of MoU was an official formality that will now kick-start the selection process which would take 12-14 months following which training will begin. Training: Most of the basic training will happen in India but ISRO is also looking for foreign help for advanced training. From IAF’s side, the Institute of Aerospace Medicine (IAM) will undertake and lead the selection and training of astronauts. Procedure Undertaken: The IAM will first start with a pool of 30 aspirants, of whom, only 15 will be picked and given basic training. As the plan is to send three member crew so IAM will shortlist three sets of three (i.e. nine) and will let one set go about three months before scheduled launch with others remaining in programme till the launch date. The first set of evaluations will take around three months as IAM will have to ensure that it picks best crew whose physical condition is among best in India and they also have right mental make up. About Gaganyaan Mission Background: The launch of Gaganyaan programme was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi during his Independence Day address in 2018. Gaganyaan Mission is India’s maiden human spaceflight programme, scheduled for 2022. Updates: The Centre has officially sanctioned Rs.10,000 crore in December 2018. On 30 January

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 79 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 2019, ISRO has set up Human Spaceflight Centre at its headquarters in Bengaluru. Before sending humans to space ISRO plans to send humanoids so that it able to see a host of developments relating to project. Significance: This mission will provide a unique micro-gravity platform in space to India for conducting experiments and test for future technologies. 29 May: International Everest Day observed The International Everest Day is observed every year on 29 May. The day is celebrated with processions, memorial events, and special events in Kathmandu, Nepal and the Everest region. Background The day is observed every year in memory of the first summit of Mt. Everest on 29 May 1953 undertaken by Sir Edmund Hillary from New Zealand and Tenzing Norgay Sherpa from Nepal who became first humans to achieve the feat. In 2008, the Nepal government decided to observe day as International Everest Day when legendary climber Hillary passed away. About Mount Everest It is the world’s highest mountain above sea level with Elevation of 8,848 m. It is known as Sagarmatha in Nepali and as Chomolungma in Tibetan. The mountain was named as ‘Everest’ as a tribute to Sir George Everest, the Surveyor General of India from 1830 to 1843. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | ICC launches Criiio Campaign on eve of Men’s World Cup The International Cricket Council (ICC) launched the criiio campaign on the eve of Men’s World Cup. The initiative will bring together around 460 million people playing cricket globally and to celebrate magnificent diversity of cricket. About Criiio It is a celebration of all brilliant and unique ways people play cricket game which can be played by anyone, anywhere and at any time. Around the world millions of fans are play cricket way they like to such as on their backyard, on beach, in a car park or gully. The ICC has asked cricket fans globally to join the social cricket tribe by sharing their pictures and videos about where and how they play cricket by using the newly launched hashtag #criiio and visiting the site- criiio.com. This is the first of a series of programs that will be launched by the ICC over the next 12 months and is built on the success of recent user-generated social media initiative called #WorldWideWickets. May 31, 2019 Binny: India’s only Orangutan dies India’s only orangutan named Binny died at the age of 41 in Nandankanan Zoological Park in Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Key Highlights About: The Nandankanan Zoological Park (NZP) has lost one of its beloved members the 41-year-old orangutan ‘Bini’, an extant species of great apes. Background: The lone female orangutan Binny, was brought to Nandankanan Zoo from Pune’s Rajiv Gandhi Zoological Park on 20 November 2003, when she was 25 years old. Since her arrival she has been alone in her zoo enclosure and zoo officials failed to arrange a male partner for her. Reason: According to NZP, ‘Binny’ died due to age-related complications. He also suffered from respiratory tract infection. Tissue samples were collected and postmortem is scheduled, for further investigation to correlate exact cause of death. Care: She was taken out of the enclosure a year ago. The orangutan was under treatment for a year by experts from College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, OUAT. Even the orangutan’s experts from United Kingdom (UK) and Singapore were also giving constant advice. About Orangutans

The word “orangutan” actually means “person of forest”. They are one of the world’s three extant species of great apes.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 80 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Orangutans are native to Indonesia and Malaysia and are currently found only in rain forests of Borneo and Sumatra. They are considered to be among most intelligent primates. An orangutan can live up to 45 years in the wild and even more in zoos. They have been extensively studied by researchers for their learning abilities. They use a variety of sophisticated tools and even construct elaborate sleeping nests from branches and foliage. India removed from US’s Currency Watchlist In a recent announcement by United States, it has removed India and Switzerland from the currency monitoring lists. The US has retained other countries like China, Japan and Germany in the list. Key Highlights Background: It was in May 2018 when for the first time India was placed by US in its currency monitoring list of countries with potentially questionable foreign exchange policies, and because India had a bilateral trade surplus with US, which crossed country’s maximum limit of $20 billion. Other five other countries along with India included Japan, China, Switzerland, Germany and South Korea. Objective: The list basically consists of major trading partners of US who are to be closely monitored for potentially questionable foreignAdarsh exchange Bansal | [email protected] policies. |The move is taken amid escalating trade tensions between the two countries. About: In the latest semi-annual report on macroeconomic and foreign exchange (Forex) policies of major trading partners of the US, the country has removed India and Switzerland from the monitoring list. The list now includes other countries like Italy, Japan, Singapore, China, Malaysia, Ireland, Vietnam, Germany and Korea. Reasons: US President Donald Trump’s administration cited reason for removal that India has taken certain steps and developments which address some of its major concerns over its currency practices and macroeconomic policies. According to analysis, in year 2018 both India and Switzerland saw a notable decline in the scale and frequency of foreign exchange purchases. Criteria: The US includes major trading partners in its monitoring Currency List if they meet at least two of three criteria- 1. If partner country has either a significant bilateral trade surplus with the US. 2. If partner country has a material current account surplus. 3. If partner country is engaged in “persistent one-sided intervention” in foreign exchange (Forex) market. India-US Recent Trade Relation Over the past two years, US has been putting pressure on India by increasing tariffs on products like steel and aluminum, and also removed India from US’s Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), that allowed Indian businesses certain trade benefits. India attempts to reduce its trade surplus of over $20 billion with US. In May 2019 India stated that purchasing or imports of larger products like aircraft from US companies (like Boeing) could help offset it going forward. Thus showing a positive effort that at least on one front, India can be reassured that it will not be targeted with unilateral measures over currency issues. Harsh Vardhan Committee: on Housing Finance Securitisation Market Development The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) constituted a committee under Harsh Vardhan, to review existing state of mortgage securitisation in India and suggest measures to develop market further. About Committee on Development of Housing Finance Securitisation Market Composition: The committee constitutes a six-member panel that is headed by Harsh Vardhan, Senior Advisor in Bain & Company (a Management consulting company). It shall submit its report to RBI by the end of August 2019. Objective: 1. To review existing state of mortgage backed securitisation in India and also suggests measure to deepen housing finance securitisation market.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 81 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 2. To assess role of various counterparties in securitisation process which includes servicers, rating agencies, trustees, and also suggest steps to address key risks. Need: Currently the mortgage securitisation market in India is mainly dominated by direct assignments among a limited set of market participants on account of various structural factors which impacts both demand and supply side and also several prudential, legal, tax and accounting issues. Therefore, , a careful design of a robust and transparent securitisation framework assumes paramount significance for Indian economy. Significance: India must also learn from international experience which shows that it is critical to address issues of misaligned incentives and agency problems which results from information asymmetry problems between originators and investors in market, which can worsen systemic risk. New Wasp species identified in Goa Scientists have recently identified a new species of wasp from the genus Kudakrumia in Goa. The wasp species was collected from Western Ghats forest. Key Highlights Nomenclature: The wasp is dubbed as Kudakrumia rangnekari. It has been named after Parag Rangnekar, a Goa-based researcher. Genus: It belongs to genus Kudakrumia. The Kudakrumia is a genus of primitive wasps that is described and previously known onlyAdarsh from Bansal Sri | [email protected] Lanka. | Found: The new Wasp species was collected in the Western Ghats forests from Cotigao Wildlife sanctuary (located in South Goa district). About Wasp: It is any insect of order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita which means neither a bee nor an ant. Wasps are proficient at controlling pest populations and thus are deployed to protect crops. For instance in Brazil, farmers control sugarcane crop borers with a kind of parasitic wasp. About Parag Rangnekar He is founder-president of the Goa Bird Conservation Network (GBCN). He has now undertaken documentation of dragonflies in State. His quest to document butterflies in the Western Ghats region has resulted in a record of 220 species, of which 13 species had not been spotted earlier. RBI set up Task Force on Secondary Market for Corporate Loans The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) constituted a task force on secondary market development in corporate loans. About Task Force on Development of Secondary Market for Corporate Loans Composition: It is a six-member body and is headed by Canara Bank chairman T. N. Manoharan. The task force shall submit its report to RBI by end of August 2019. Objective: To make recommendations to RBI on required policy and regulatory interventions for- 1. Facilitating development of secondary market in corporate loans, which includes loan transaction platform for stressed assets 2. Creating loan contract registry and ownership structure to remove information asymmetries between buyers and sellers. Need: Globally, there is a healthy corporate loan market where banks can sell their stressed assets and those assets get traded. But in India banks sell their stressed loans to Asset Reconstruction Companies (ARC’s) and sometimes ad hoc sale to other lenders (banks) but practically there is no other alternative to this and no formalised mechanism. Therefore- a vibrant, deep and liquid secondary market for debt would increase efficiencies of debt market in general and would aid in resolution of stressed assets.. a well-developed secondary market for debt will aid in transparent price discovery of inherent riskiness of debt being traded. Function: The task force would design market structure for loan sales and auctions which will also include

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 82 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 online platforms and other related trading and transaction reporting infrastructures. It will suggest how participation can be enhanced in market and will also give suggestions on need for, and role of, third party intermediaries, like market makers, servicers, arrangers, etc. Rajasthan bans Advertisement and sale of e-cigarettes The Rajasthan government recently announced its decision to ban production, distribution, advertisement and sale of e-cigarette in the state. Key Highlights Background: The congress government in state had promised in its election manifesto during assembly elections 2019 that it will take steps to curb use of tobacco among youths. About: The government has banned both online and offline sale, storage, production, distribution and advertisement of e-cigarettes in Rajasthan. The decision was announced on occasion of the World No Tobacco Day which is observed on 31 May 2019. Committee: The government had constituted a committee to do a detailed study on rising use of e- cigarettes which highlighted that youths are being misled by advertisements of e-cigarettes as a better alternative to tobacco cigarettes. Significance: Researchers have found that initially many youngsters start smoking e-cigarettes and gradually shift to tobacco cigarettes later in life. Thus the ban will be an important step to curb e- cigarette addiction among youths andAdarsh will Bansal prove | [email protected] effective | to discourage them from consumption. Criticism: The e-cigarettes ban is a surprise move in a state where sale of tobacco products and cigarettes is allowed. Since smoking tobacco has been found to be more dangerous than e-cigarette this raises questions whether ban is placed to safeguard interests of tobacco lobby. Also, on one hand public smoking of cigarettes is banned in state but no steps have been taken to ban chewing of tobacco. Sri Lanka, Japan, India signs MoC to develop East Container Terminal Sri Lanka, India and Japan have signed an Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) to jointly develop the East Container Terminal (ECT) at the Colombo Port in Sri Lanka. Key Highlights Background: The countries had been negotiating the deal to build ECT since 2018 but little success was met as India’s possible role in developing the terminal became a major flashpoint within the Sri Lankan government. Although even last year Japan was part of negotiations but project assumed a ‘Sri Lanka-India’ dimension, especially in the local media due to which negotiations seemed to have hit a roadblock. But the negotiations picked up pace once Japan stepped in more recently. Location: The East Container Terminal is located some 3 km away from China-backed international financial city, popularly known as “Port City” which is being built on reclaimed land on Colombo’s sea front. Ownership: The Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA) will retain 100% ownership of East Container Terminal (ECT). However the company conducting its operations called ‘The Terminal Operations Company’ is jointly owned. Sri Lanka holds 51% stake in the project and other joint venture partners Japan and India will retain 49%. Project Cost: The joint initiative is estimated to cost between $500 million and $700 million. Japan is likely to provide a soft loan with a 0.1 % interest rate for a period of 40-year which is one of the best loan terms Sri Lanka has obtained. The details about India’s contribution is still awaited. Significance: More than 70% of the transhipment business at the strategically located ECT is linked to India thus the joint project holds a lot of commercial significance for India. The specific terms of agreement for joint development of ECT will soon be finalised at a joint working group meeting. Narendra Modi sworn in as Prime Minister for 2nd term The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) leader Narendra Modi (68) was sworn in as 15th Prime Minister for a second consecutive five-year term. Key Highlights Oath: The oath of Office and Secrecy was administered by President Ram Nath Kovind to Narendra

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 83 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Modi and his team of 57 Union council of ministers. Ceremony: The oath-taking ceremony was held at Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi, which was attended by more than 6000 invitees including leaders from Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi- Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) countries and foreign envoys. Minister: The portfolios allocation of Union Council of Minister includes 24 Cabinet ministers, 9 Minister of State with Independent charge and 24 Minister of State. One-third of total ministers in Cabinet are first-timers, which includes BJP president Amit Shah and former Foreign Secretary Subrahmanyam Jaishankar. The portfolios for new ministers are yet to be announced. Background: The election for 17th Lok Sabha was held in seven phases from 11 April to 19 May 2019. Over 90 crore people were eligible to vote and the general election saw a turnout of more than 67% voters which is highest ever recorded and also the highest participation by women voters. The election was held for total 542 seats. Key Highlights of 17th Lok Sabha Election NOTA: The highest NOTA (none of the above) vote share of 5.04% in Lok Sabha election was reported from Gopalganj in Bihar. The Lowest NOTA vote share of 0.17% in Lok Sabha reported from Bidar in Karnataka. Youngest Lok Sabha Member: Biju Janta Dal (BJD’s) Chandrani Murmu, who won from Keonjhar in Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Odisha, became youngest candidate elected in history of Lok Sabha at 25 years, 11 months and 8 days. Lowest Margin Victory: Bharatiya Janta Party’s (BJP) Bholanath won Machhlishahr seat in Uttar Pradesh by just 181 votes which is the lowest margin recorded in the Lok Sabha elections.

Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] |

Punjab bans Online Food Delivery without Hygiene Rating The Punjab government has decided to make it mandatory for all online food aggregators to ensure that food supplied by them should compulsorily have hygiene rating as per Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) guidelines. Key Highlights Reason: The online food order and door to door delivery mechanism of food supply has created a physical disconnect between consumers and the food maker. Therefore, the onus of ensuring quality of food and that conditions under which food is prepared are hygienic has shifted to the intermediate food delivery mechanism. About: Keeping this in mind, Punjab government has issued a direction to all online aggregators that all the online order and supply companies should display hygiene rating of all food business operators registered or affiliated with them. Measures: Punjab’s Food and Drug Administration has sensitized companies operational in Punjab including Zomato, Swiggy, Uber Eats and Food Panda on the issue and also directed them to get the hygiene rating done of all the food business operators (FBO’s) registered with them. Condition: The terms put forward includes that only those FBO’s who are at higher level of hygiene rating (bearing 3 or more smilies), should be allowed to supply food under the online food orders- delivery mechanism. About Food Safety and Standards Authority of India It is an autonomous body established in 2011 under the Union Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. It

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 85 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 is responsible for protecting and promoting public health via regulations and supervisions of food safety. It is headed by a non-executive Chairperson who is appointed by Central Government. Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of the bowlers has been adjudged as 2019 CEAT International Bowler of the Year? [A] Jasprit Bumrah [B] Kuldeep Yadav [C] Rashid Khan [D] Ashutosh Aman Correct Answer: A [Jasprit Bumrah] Notes: Pacer Jasprit Bumrah, who made a mark for India and IPL franchise Mumbai Indians, has been adjudged as International Bowler of the Year during the CEAT Cricket Rating (CCR) International awards 2019. The ceremony was held in Mumbai in presence of a galaxy of past and present cricketers on May 13. Indian captain Virat Kohli bagged the International Cricketer and Batsman of the Year award. Afghanistan leg-spinner Rashid Khan was awarded for outstanding bowling and Australian batsman Aaron Finch for his exceptional performance in T20. Young prodigy Yashasvi Jaiswal, who performed

exceptionally over the year was awardedAdarsh Junior Bansal | [email protected] Cricketer of |the Year, while chinaman Kuldeep Yadav took the home outstanding performance of the year award. Ashutosh Aman was awarded Domestic Cricketer of the Year. Legendary Mohinder Amarnath, who played a key role in India’s 1983 World Cup triumph, was bestowed with the ‘CCR International Lifetime Achievement Award’. 2. The United Nations (UN) has decided to hold its 2020 ocean conference in which of the following cities? [A] New York [B] Paris [C] New Delhi [D] Lisbon Correct Answer: D [Lisbon] Notes: The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has decided to hold the high-level 2020 United Nations Conference in Lisbon, Portugal from June 2 to 6 to support the sustainable use of the oceans, seas and marine resources. The UNGA also decided that the conference shall involve all relevant stakeholders, bringing together governments, the UN system, intergovernmental organizations and all other actors to assess challenges and opportunities relating to, as well as actions taken toward, the implementation of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 14. 3. Who of the following spinners has become the world’s most successful women’s ODI spinner? [A] Cathryn Fitzpatrick [B] Sana Mir [C] Jhulan Goswami [D] Rajeshwari Gayakwad Correct Answer: B [Sana Mir] Notes: Pakistan off-spinner Sana Mir bagged the title of the most successful women ODI’s spinner in the world after she dismissed Sune Luus from South Africa in the third ODI of ICC Women’s Championship on May 12, 2019. It was Sana’s 147th ODI wicket in her 118th appearance. With this, she jumped to top sending West Indies’ player Anisa Mohammed and Australia’s Lisa Sthalekar on No. 3 on the list of all- time successful bowlers. Overall, Sana Mir is the third highest wicket-taker after pacers Jhulan Goswami of India (218) wickets) and Cathryn Fitzpatrick of Australia (180). Prior to this, Mir had also become the first Pakistani bowler to head the ICC rankings in October of 2018. 4. Which country has started test run on world’s fastest-ever bullet train “Alfa-X”? [A] France

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 86 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [B] Japan [C] China [D] South Korea Correct Answer: B [Japan ] Notes: Japan has started testing it’s fastest-ever shinkansen bullet train “Alfa-X”, which is capable of reaching 400 kilometres per hour (249 mph). The train is scheduled to go into service in 2030 and will run at speeds of up to 360 kph (224 mph). With this feat, it will become the world’s fastest bullet train. This bullet train will be even faster than Fuxing train in China, which runs 10 kph slower than Alfa-X. The model’s futuristic design features 10 cars and a long pointed nose. Alfa-X train is packed with the latest technological features like – vibration sensors, temperature sensors – and its distinct 72 ft long aerodynamic nose is dramatically elongated to minimise noise and pressure when passing through tunnels. ALFA-X also features sensors to reduce the impact of possible earthquake tremors. 5. Yuvika 2019, which is in news recently, is associated to which of the organizations? [A] ISRO [B] RBI [C] BSNL [D] DRDO Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Correct Answer: A [ISRO] Notes: ISRO Chairman Dr. K Sivan has recently inaugurated Young Scientist Programme (Yuvika-2019) for school children at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh. The initiative is primarily aimed at imparting basic knowledge on Space Technology, Space Science and Space Applications to the younger ones with the intent of arousing their interest in the emerging areas of Space activities. The Yuvika (Yuva VIgyani KAryakram) 2019, which will be conducted from May 13 to 26, is a two week summer vacation residential training programme. It is launched by ISRO in tune with the Union Government’s vision ‘Jai Vigyan, Jai Anusandhan’. 6. Who won the women’s singles title at the 2019 Madrid Open tennis tournament? [A] Serena Williams [B] Naomi Osaka [C] Simona Halep [D] Kiki Bertens Correct Answer: D [Kiki Bertens] Notes: Kiki Bertens has won women’s singles title at the 2019 Madrid Open tennis tournament. In the final, she defeated Simona Halep 6-4, 6-4 in straight sets to win the coveted title. Earlier, in the ongoing tournament, Top seed Novak Djokovic of Serbia beat Stefanos Tsitsipas of Greece 6-3, 6-4 to win his third Madrid Open Tennis title. 7. Which insurance company has recently launched the Mosquito Disease Protection Policy? [A] Bajaj Allianz Life Insurance [B] HDFC ERGO [C] LIC [D] SBI Life Insurance Correct Answer: B [HDFC ERGO] Notes: HDFC ERGO General Insurance Company has recently launched the ‘Mosquito Disease Protection Policy’. This new policy will cover an individual against common mosquito-borne diseases like Dengue Fever, Malaria, Chikungunya, Japanese Encephalitis, Kala-azar, Lymphatic Filariasis and Zika Virus. According to the report published by National Health Profile 2018, there has been an alarming rise in dengue cases in India, an increase of 300% between 2009-2017. These diseases also lead to hospitalization adding burden on expense or affecting the No Claim Bonus of any standard Health Insurance. Hence, keeping this in mind, HDFC ERGO launched this new policy which will cover

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 87 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 hospitalisation expenses incurred during the treatment of any mosquito-borne disease. Alternatively, the policyholder may opt for a lump sum amount to be paid as a policy benefit on providing the proof of hospitalization. In addition, the policy will pay the beneficiary the sum insured in case of the policyholder’s death due to the disease. This cover is available for individuals between the age group of 91 days to 65 years. This policy also provides international cover to individuals and covers all the vector- borne diseases listed in the policy document. 8. Nabventures, which has launched its first-ever venture capital fund for agriculture and rural- focused startups, is the subsidiary of which of the following organizations? [A] ICICI [B] NHB [C] NABARD [D] SBI Correct Answer: C [NABARD] Notes: Nabventures, a subsidiary of NABARD, has recently launched its first-ever Rs 700-crore venture capital fund for equity investments in agriculture and rural-focused startups. The fund will have a high impact as it will provide a boost to investment ecosystem in the core areas of agriculture, food and

improvement of rural livelihoods. It is registeredAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] SEBI as a | Category II Alternative Investment Fund . The Nabventures Fund has a proposed corpus of Rs 500 crore with a greenshoe option of Rs 200 crore and has also received an anchor commitment from NABARD. Till now, NABARD has been contributing to other funds and this is the first time that the rural development bank has launched a fund of its own. NABARD is now 100% owned by the government, which has been focusing on startups through a slew of measures. 9. Which of the following countries have jointly organized the 2019 ADMM-PLUS maritime exercise? [A] Singapore & South Korea [B] India & Japan [C] Indonesia & Vietnam [D] South Korea & New Zealand Correct Answer: A [Singapore & South Korea] Notes: The 18 nations ADMM-Plus (Asean Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus) multilateral maritime security field exercise has recently concluded in Singapore on May 13. In it, two Indian Navy ships – Guided Missile Destroyer INS Kolkata and Fleet Support Ship INS Shakti carried out Group Sail with the naval ships of Japan, the Philippines and the U.S. in the disputed South China Sea (SCS). The exercise was jointly organised by Singapore and South Korea, which was started in Busan on April 30. This is the 4th such exercise conducted under the ADMM-Plus grouping. The ADMM-Plus consistes of 10 ASEAN countries along with Australia, China, Japan, India, South Korea, New Zealand, Russia and the United States. 10. Which country is hosting Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations? [A] Australia [B] China [C] India [D] New Zealand Correct Answer: B [China ] Notes: China is hosting Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations in close collaboration with UNESCO in its capital city Beijing from 15 to 22 May, 2019. The conference will focus on themes of the exchange and mutual learning of Asia civilizations, and a community of shared future. During the event, an opening ceremony and six parallel sessions will be held. Other activities include an Asia cultural carnival, Asian civilization week, and an Asian food festival. Around 1500 experts from around the world, including heads of state and high-level governmental representatives, are invited to attend the conference which seeks to promote intercultural dialogue in view of building an “Asian Community of Shared Future”. It is expected to provide an occasion for the talented artists and youth delegates to communicate while at the

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 88 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 same time demonstrate the charms of the Asian cultures. 11. Who has been appointed as the first female match referee by ICC? [A] Mary Waldron [B] Shivani Mishra [C] Jacqueline Williams [D] G S Lakshmi Correct Answer: D [G S Lakshmi] Notes: India’s G.S. Lakshmi has become the first-ever woman to be appointed to ICC’s International Panel of Match Referees and will be eligible to officiate in international games with immediate effect. Lakshmi, 51, who first officiated as a match referee in domestic women’s cricket in 2008-09, has overseen three women’s ODI matches and three women’s T20 International matches. Her compatriot Claire Polosak recently became the first female umpire to officiate in a men’s One-Day International (ODI). In another major appointment, Australia’s Eloise Sheridan has joined Polosak on the ICC Development Panel of Umpires, meaning the number of women on that panel is now up to eight. Lauren Agenbag, Kim Cotton, Shivani Mishra, Sue Redfern, Mary Waldron and Jacqueline Williams are the other women officials on that panel.

12. India has been chosen to co-chair ConsultativeAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] Group (CG) | of GFDRR in which fiscal year? [A] 2022 [B] 2021 [C] 2020 [D] 2022 Correct Answer: C [2020] Notes: India has been unanimously chosen as co-chair of the Consultative Group (CG) of Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) for the fiscal year 2020. The decision was taken during the meeting of GFDRR held in Geneva, Switzerland on the margins of the 6th Session of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (GPDRR) 2019. This will give India an opportunity to work with the member countries and organizations with a focused contribution towards advancing the disaster risk reduction agenda during the course of the year. The GFDRR is a global partnership that helps developing countries better understand and reduce their vulnerability to natural hazards and climate change. It is is a grant- funding mechanism, managed by the World Bank, that supports disaster risk management projects worldwide. 13. Who has become the world’s first woman to cross the Atlantic Ocean solo in a Light Sports Aircraft (LSA)? [A] Sarla Thakral [B] Aarohi Pandit [C] Durba Banerjee [D] Avani Chaturvedi Correct Answer: B [Aarohi Pandit] Notes: Captain Aarohi Pandit, a 23-year-old pilot from Mumbai, has become the world’s first woman to cross the Atlantic Ocean solo in a Light Sports Aircraft (LSA). She completed the feat when she landed at Iqaluit Airport in Canada on 13 May, having flown there from Wick in the UK. Her journey was broken into five legs, with stops at Iceland and Greenland. It also made Pandit the first female pilot in the world to successfully complete a solo flight across the Greenland ice cap in an LSA. This is part of her ongoing year-long global circumnavigation flight which was launched by friend Keithair Misquitta on July 30. Both the friends began their trip for Women Empower (WE) Expedition in the tiny aircraft christened ‘Mahi’ in August 2018. ‘Mahi’ is a tiny, single-engine Sinus 912 weighing a little of 400 kg or nearly equivalent to a Bullet motorcycle, manufactured by Pipistrel of Slovenia, and is also the first LSA registered by Directorate-General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) India. 14. In Madhya Pradesh, women will handle the entire work of counting votes in which of the

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 89 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 following districts? [A] Jabalpur [B] Indore [C] Harda [D] Burhanpur Correct Answer: C [Harda ] Notes: In Madhya Pradesh, women will handle the entire work of counting votes in Harda district of the state. As per reports, the initiative is probably the first of its kind. Harda district is a part of Betul parliamentary seat and the counting of votes of Timarni and Harda assembly segments will take place at Harda district headquarter. At present, 84 women are being trained for counting in Polytechnic College. Apart from the counting of votes, only women will be deployed for the security of the counting centre. Betul was voted on 6 May and the women had taken the responsibilities of voting in 60 all women polling booths in Harda district. Now they are ready to take accountability of counting on 28 tables. More than 75 percent of voting has been recorded in Harda district, so the number of votes is also high. 15. The scientists at which lab created a new type of plastic ‘PDK’ that can be recycled forever? [A] Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [B] Los Alamos National Laboratory Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [C] Oak Ridge National Laboratory [D] Argonne National Laboratory Correct Answer: A [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory] Notes: A team of researchers at the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has created a next-generation plastic, called Poly Di-Ketoenamine (or PDK), that can be fully recycled into new materials of any colour, shape, or form, without loss of performance or quality. They have designed a recyclable plastic that, like a Lego playset, can be disassembled into its constituent parts at the molecular level. According to the journal Nature Chemistry, unlike conventional plastics, the monomers of PDK plastic could be recovered and freed from any compounded additives simply by dunking the material in a highly acidic solution. The acid helps to break the bonds between the monomers and separate them from the chemical additives that give plastic its look and feel. After testing various formulations, the researchers demonstrated that not only does acid break down PDK polymers into monomers, but the process also allows the monomers to be separated from entwined additives. 16. France and which country have jointly launched a new initiative ‘Christchurch Call’ against online extremism? [A] United Kingdom [B] New Zealand [C] Germany [D] Poland Correct Answer: B [New Zealand] Notes: At Paris summit, French President Emmanuel Macron and New Zealand’s Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern launched an ambitious new initiative to eliminate terrorist and violent content online. The initiative, “Christchurch Call”, was pushed by Ms Ardern after a white supremacist gunned down 51 people at two mosques in the New Zealand city in March. Participants will be asked to commit to pledges to eliminate terrorist and violent extremist content on social media and other online platforms. The political meeting will run in parallel to an initiative launched by Macron called ‘Tech for Good’ which will bring together 80 tech chiefs in Paris to find a way for new technologies to work for the common good. The Paris summit comes as there is a growing realisation that the current abuse of social media by extremists must be countered, after the Christchurch attacker broadcast live footage on Facebook from a head-mounted camera. 17. National Vesak Week, which is in news recently , is associated to which of the following

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 90 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 religions? [A] Christianism [B] Hinduism [C] Buddhism [D] Jainism Correct Answer: C [Buddhism] Notes: On May 15, Sri Lanka has declared a National Vesak Week to mark the most significant event for Buddhists all over the world. The festival commemorates the birth, enlightenment (Buddhahood), and death (Parinirvāna) of Gautama Buddha in the Theravada or southern tradition. The Vesak Festival- 2019 will be held under tight security and people have been encouraged to organize celebrations at Buddhist temples and not in public places in the wake of Easter Sunday attacks last month. The state Vesak festival will be held in Galle under the patronage of the President Maithripala Sirisena and Prime Minister Ranil Wickremasinghe. This year’s Vesak festival aims to create a society of wise Buddhists making the village temple as the center of spiritual development in order to realize the sustainable goals of development. 18. Who has been appointed head coach of the Indian men’s senior football team?

[A] Hakan Ericson Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [B] Igor Stimac [C] Albert Roca [D] Lee Min-Sung Correct Answer: B [Igor Stimac] Notes: Croatian World Cupper Igor Stimac has been appointed head coach of the Indian men’s senior football team for a two-year term. The national team has been without a coach since the departure of Stephen Constantine in January, following the creditable show at the AFC Asian Cup. Stimac comes with an experience of over 18 years in coaching, structuring, and developing football and players back home, and internationally. As a coach, Stimac’s major achievement was guiding Croatia to qualify for the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil. During his tenure as the national coach of Croatia, he handed debuts to the likes of Mateo Kovacic, Ante Rebic, Alen Halilovic, and Ivan Perisic, amongst others. As a player, he was part the of the Croatia team that finished third in the 1998 World Cup, and a member of the national squad which qualified for the quarterfinals of the UEFA European Championship 1996 (Euro) in England. Besides, he was also a part of the Yugoslavia U-19 national team which won the FIFA U-20 World Cup in 1987. 19. Lecanorchis taiwaniana, which is in news recently, has discovered in which of the following Indian states? [A] Meghalaya [B] Mizoram [C] Assam [D] Nagaland Correct Answer: C [Assam] Notes: In Assam, a type of orchid – Lecanorchis taiwaniana (parasitic bloom) – has coincidentally discovered by Assam’s forest officer named Jatindra Sarma. The parasitic bloom is a variant of a Japanese orchid. It is found to have a maximum height of 40 cm and a blossoming period of five-six days. It is a Myco- heterotroph and is one of two types of parasitic plants that have abandoned photosynthesis. The discovery titled “New record for the flora in India” is recently published in Japanese Journal of Botany. Hence, the discovery has given India one of its smallest orchids in terms of size and duration of bloom to be recorded botanically. Earlier, the orchid was discovered in Japan, Taiwan, and Laos. Mr. Sarma has a few other botanical discoveries to his credit. These include the rare, ginger-like Amomum pratisthana named after his daughter, and the Smilax sailenii named after Prof. Sailen Borah, one of Assam’s best known botanists. He has also published the two-volume Medicinal Plants and Mushrooms of India with special reference to Assam. 20. Teressa Island is located in which of the following union territories of India?

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 91 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [A] Lakshadweep [B] Puducherry [C] Daman & Diu [D] Andaman and Nicobar Correct Answer: D [Andaman and Nicobar] Notes: On May 9, the Indian Armed Forces carried out Exercise Bull Strike at Teressa Island in Andaman and Nicobar (A&N). The military drill was conducted to showcase joint operations capability of the armed forces. During the exercise, the army personnel got the chance to display their prowess by undertaking company level airborne operation at Teressa island. Around 170 troops from three services – Army, Navy and the Air force undertook Para drop Ops in a Combat Free Fall & Static Line mode from the C-130 J. There were 149 Indian Army, 12 Indian Air Force and 9 Indian Navy soldiers who participated in several combat drills ahead of the jumps and during jumps. 21. Which country to host the 2023 Asian Cup Football tournament? [A] Japan [B] India [C] South Korea [D] China Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Correct Answer: D [China ] Notes: The 2023 Asian Cup Football tournament will be hosted by China after South Korea withdraws its bid. The Korea Football Association (KFA) said in a statement it had pulled out to “strategically focus” on a joint bid with North Korea to host the Women’s World Cup in the same year. The 2023 AFC Asian Cup is the quadrennial international men’s football championship of Asia organised by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). 22. Which of the following organizations has released the ‘Payment and Settlement Systems in India: Vision 2019 – 2021’? [A] NABARD [B] IRDA [C] SEBI [D] RBI Correct Answer: D [RBI] Notes: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has released a vision document – Payment and Settlement Systems in India: Vision 2019 – 2021 – with its core theme of ‘Empowering Exceptional E-payment Experience’, for ensuring a safe, secure, convenient, quick and affordable e-payment system. The move comes as the apex bank expects the number of digital transactions to increase more than four times to 8,707 crore in December 2021. The vision document has been envisages to achieve a highly digital and cash-less society through the goal posts of competition, cost-effectiveness, convenience and confidence (4Cs). The document talks about creating customer awareness, setting up a 24X7 helpline and self-regulatory organisation for system operators and service providers, among others. And also, the ‘no-compromise’ approach towards safety and security of payment systems remains a hallmark of the vision. 23. Which country has recently blocked all language editions of Wikipedia? [A] United States [B] China [C] Iran [D] Russia Correct Answer: B [China ] Notes: China has expanded its ban on Wikipedia to block the community-edited online encyclopedia in all available languages. Hence, Wikipedia had joined thousands of other websites which cannot be accessed

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 92 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 in China. According to a report by the Open Observatory of Network Interference (OONI), China started blocking all language editions of Wikipedia from April 2019. China’s online censorship apparatus — dubbed the ‘Great Firewall’ — blocks a large number of foreign sites in the country, such as Google, Facebook, LinkedIn and The New York Times. Topics that are deemed too sensitive are also scrubbed. An earlier enforced ban barred Internet users from viewing the Chinese version, as well as the pages for sensitive search terms such as Dalai Lama and the Tiananmen massacre. 24. Which Indian judge has been appointed as Judge of Supreme Court of Fiji? [A] Sharad Arvind Bobde [B] Madan B Lokur [C] N V Ramana [D] Abhay Manohar Sapre Correct Answer: B [Madan B Lokur] Notes: Justice Madan B Lokur, the Retired Supreme Court judge of India, has been appointed to the Supreme Court of Fiji as a judge of its non-resident panel. He he received the offer from the Chief Justice of the Fiji Supreme Court on the day of his superannuation from the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court of Fiji has three sessions in a year. Justice Lokur will attend the August session from August 15 to August 30, 2019.

25. The first full-fledged Services SelectionAdarsh Bansal Board | [email protected] (SSB) of Indian| Navy has opened in which of the following cities? [A] Kolkata [B] Chennai [C] Kochi [D] Mumbai Correct Answer: A [Kolkata] Notes: The first full-fledged Services Selection Board (SSB) of Indian Navy has been inaugurated by Navy Chief Admiral Sunil Lanba at Diamond Harbour near Kolkata. The SSB (Kolkata) will boost the induction of officers, both men and women, into the Indian Navy. Its location will reduce the travel time and effort for candidates from northern and northeastern parts of the country. This is the fifth SSB of the Indian Navy and will cater for selection of both permanent and short service commission (SSC) officers. The other boards are located in Bhopal, Bengaluru, Visakhapatnam and Coimbatore. The board can accommodate 160 candidates at a time and has separate facilities and accommodation for men and women candidates. Facilities available at the board include a GTO ground, testing hall, conference room, accommodation for staff and a medical inspection room. 26. Who has been appointed as the new CMD of ITC Ltd? [A] Sanjay Kishan Kaul [B] Ajay Khanwilkar [C] Sanjiv Puri [D] L. Nageswara Rao Correct Answer: C [Sanjiv Puri] Notes: Sanjiv Puri has been appointed as the new CMD (Chairman and managing director) of ITC Ltd, India’s largest cigarette maker. He will take over the legacy of noted industry leader and erstwhile ITC Chairman Y.C. Deveshwar, who passed away on 11 May. Prior to this post, Mr. Puri was the Managing Director since 2018. He was appointed on the board in December 2015 and as the CEO in February 2017. Deveshwar had played the role of mentor to the executive management led by Sanjiv Puri. ITC Limited is an Indian multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Kolkata, West Bengal. 27. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of International Day of Families? [A] Families and inclusive societies [B] Families and Climate Action: Focus on SDG 13 [C] Families, education and well-being

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 93 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [D] Families, healthy lives and sustainable future Correct Answer: B [Families and Climate Action: Focus on SDG 13] Notes: The International Day of Families is observed every year on May 15 to promote awareness of issues relating to families and to increase knowledge of the social, economic and demographic processes affecting families. The 2019 theme “Families and Climate Action: Focus on SDG 13” focuses on families, family policies and major SDG 13 targets such as improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, and impact reduction and early warning. 28. Which of the following banks has launched co-branded multi-currency travel card with Goibibo? [A] SBI [B] HDFC Bank [C] ICICI Bank [D] Axis Bank Correct Answer: C [ICICI Bank]

Notes: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | ICICI Bank has launched a co-branded multi-currency card with online travel booking portal Goibibo. Anyone travelling abroad, whether they hold an ICICI Bank savings account or not, can apply for the Goibibo ICICI Bank Travel Card on the Goibibo website and mobile app The acceptance of the card is across 200 countries and 4.6 crore merchants globally. Further, the card can be loaded with up to 15 currencies. Customers can instantly transfer money from one currency to another through ICICI Bank’s internet portal and reload currency into the card anytime, anywhere, using the bank’s mobile and internet banking platform. The card also includes benefits of up to Rs. 20,000, including gift vouchers of Rs.15,000 from Goibibo. Additionally, customers get 40 paise discount on currency conversion rate on loading of a minimum of $1,000. 29. Who has been appointed as the new chairperson of News Broadcasting Standards Authority (NBSA)? [A] S. Abdul Nazeer [B] Arjan Kumar Sikri [C] Navin Sinha [D] Vineet Saran Correct Answer: B [Arjan Kumar Sikri] Notes: Justice Arjan Kumar Sikri, the former judge of Supreme Court of India (SCI), has been appointed as the chairperson of News Broadcasting Standards Authority (NBSA) by the News Broadcasters Association (NBA). He will succeed Justice (Retd.) R. V. Raveendran, and will assume the office of Chairperson of NBSA on May 26. This is an honorary post and not a government job. Justice Sikri was retired as senior most puisne judge of Supreme Court of India on 6 March 2019. NBSA is an independent body for self- regulation of 24×7 news channels, who are members of the NBA. Its task is to consider and adjudicate upon complaints about broadcasts. 30. The 2019 International Army Scout Masters Competition will be held in which of the following cities? [A] Jhansi [B] Jabalpur [C] Dehradun [D] Jaisalmer Correct Answer: D [Jaisalmer] Notes: The 5th edition of “International Army Scout Masters Competition” will be organized under the aegis of Konark Corps at Jaisalmer, Rajasthan from 24 July to 17 August 2019. This is the first time that India is

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 94 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 the venue for the Army Scouts Masters Competition, which is part of International Army Games steered by Russia. It is also for the first time that an Indian team will participate in this competition. The event will witness participation of the Mechanised Infantry Scout Teams of 8 countries including Russia who is the founding member of this format of International Army Games. The competition will be conducted in five stages, which will test the overall skills of Mechanised Infantry Scouts in simulated battle field scenarios. The combat skills will be adjudicated by a panel of international judges and referees. The competition will showcase combat training and promote camaraderie amongst the contestants, facilitate sharing of best practices as well as develop military and technical cooperation between participating nations. 31. The Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI) is associated to which of the following organizations? [A] OECD [B] United Nations [C] IMF [D] World Bank Correct Answer: A [OECD ] Notes:

India has found problems with the currentAdarsh Bansal method | [email protected] under which| the OECD index –Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI) – ranks countries based on their services trade policies. As per study commissioned by Indian Ministry of Commerce, the outcomes of index are biased and counter-intuitive. For example, the index seems to show the Indian services sector as one of the most restrictive, particularly in policy areas like foreign entry. This seems surprising as since 1991, the one area that has seen maximum liberalization in India is Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). The initial work suggests that there are both theoretical and practical inconsistencies in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) methodology. Additionally, the data seems to have been generated by rather arbitrary procedures and reflects a developed country bias. In order to rectify this, the Indian team of econometricians designed a new way of measuring restrictiveness in the services trade that would be more robust and would not have a bias either for developed or developing countries. 32. ICGS Vigraha, which is recently decommissioned at Visakhapatnam, is which class of offshore patrol vessel? [A] Samar [B] Priyadarshini [C] Vikram [D] Jija Bai Correct Answer: C [Vikram] Notes: After 29 glorious years of service from 1990 to 2019, the Indian Coast Guard ship (ICGS) Vigraha has recently decommissioned at Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh on May 16. During the 29 years of service, the ship has participated in major coast guard operations involving search and rescue, anti-poaching, pollution response, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief, repatriation and joint exercises among others. ICGS Vigraha was the 7th Vikram-class offshore patrol vessel built by the Mazagaon Dock Limited, Mumbai and it was commissioned on April 12, 1990. 33. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of World Telecommunication and Information Society Day? [A] Women and Girls in ICT [B] Bridging the standardization gap [C] Enabling the positive use of Artificial Intelligence for All [D] Big Data for Big Impact Correct Answer: B [Bridging the standardization gap] Notes: The World Telecommunication and Information Society Day is observed across the globe every year on May 17 to help raise awareness of the possibilities that the use of the Internet and other Information and

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 95 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Communication Technologies (ICTs) can bring to societies and economies, as well as of ways to bridge the digital divide. The 2019 theme is ‘Bridging the standardization gap’. The day also marks the anniversary of the signing of the first International Telegraph Convention (ITC) and the creation of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). 34. Cocos (Keeling) Islands is an external territory of which of the following countries? [A] India [B] Sri Lanka [C] Indonesia [D] Australia Correct Answer: D [Australia] Notes: A comprehensive survey on plastic pollution has been conducted by marine scientists on the Australian external territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands. Around 600 people live in these remote places, which are sometimes described as “Australia’s last unspoilt paradise”. The scientists found an estimated 414 million pieces of plastic including nearly one million shoes and 370,000 toothbrushes on the beaches of remote Islands in the Indian Ocean. The survey published in the journal ‘Scientific Reports’ estimated that the beaches on the islands are littered with 238 tonnes of plastic. They believe their overall finding is conservative, as they weren’t able to access some beaches known to be hotspots of pollution. Researchers said, the scale of the problemAdarsh means Bansal | [email protected] cleaning up | our oceans is currently not possible, and cleaning beaches, once they are polluted with plastic, is time consuming, costly, and needs to be regularly repeated as thousands of new pieces of plastic wash up each day. The only viable solution is to reduce plastic production and consumption while improving waste management to stop this material entering our oceans in the first place. 35. Which of the sculptors has topped the first edition of the Hurun India Art List? [A] Subodh Gupta [B] Akbar Padamsee [C] Anish Kapoor [D] Krishen Khanna Correct Answer: C [Anish Kapoor] Notes: With sales estimated at Rs. 168.25 crore, London-based sculptor Anish Kapoor has topped the first edition of the Hurun India Art List. He is followed by artists Akbar Padamsee and Krishen Khanna, whose works were sold for Rs 45.84 crore and Rs 9.48 crore respectively. The Hurun Research Institute has ranked the top 50 Indian artists alive based on the sales of their works at public auction from April 2018 to March 2019. The report is based on data from top auction-houses and agencies in the industry. Hurun Report India in association with ArtPrice.com has recently unveiled the first edition of its India Art List, in which 24% of artists listed were women. Mr. Kapoor is known for using granite, marble, limestone and plaster to make geometric structures. He is the only artist to own the exclusive right to use the ‘blackest black’ pigment in the world developed by Vantablack. 36. Kadavoor Sivadasan, who passed away recently, was the veteran politician of which of the following parties? [A] CPI [B] AIADMK [C] INC [D] BJP Correct Answer: C [INC] Notes: Kadavoor Sivadasan (87), the veteran Congress leader and former Kerala Minister, has passed away in Thiruvananthapuram on May 17, 2019. An active trade union leader, Sivadasan had served as secretary of Kerala Provisional United Trade Union Congress in 1977 and participated in the International Labour Organisation conference in Geneva representing the Central government in 1985. Mr. Sivadasan, a five- time MLA, had served as a Minister in the United Democratic Front governments headed by the late K. Karunakaran and A. K. Antony and had held Power, Health and Forest portfolios. He represented the

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 96 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Kollam and Kundra segments in the Assembly. 37. Who is the author of the book “Coming Round the Mountain”? [A] Ruskin Bond [B] Devdutt Pattanaik [C] Ashok Rajagopalan [D] Anushka Ravishankar Correct Answer: A [Ruskin Bond] Notes: The book titled “Coming Round the Mountain”, will be released officially by India’s beloved children’s author Ruskin Bond on his 85th birthday on 19th May 2019 at Cambridge bookstores in Mussourie. The book is the third installment of Bond’s award-winning memoir series for children that includes “Looking for the Rainbow” and “Till the Clouds Roll By”. In “Looking for the Rainbow”, Bond described the two years he had spent with his father when he was just nine years old, and in “Till the Clouds Roll By” he talked about the sudden change in his circumstances, the efforts he had to make to adjust to a new and very different life with his mother and stepfather. Now, the third part of the series will deal with Bond’s story as a boy of 13 during the crucial year of India’s partition. 38. Which Bollywood personality has been felicitated by Council of European Chambers of Commerce (CEUCC) for promoting ChildrenAdarsh Bansal Rights? | [email protected] | [A] Aamir Khan [B] Akshay Kumar [C] Anil Kapoor [D] Ajay Devgn Correct Answer: C [Anil Kapoor] Notes: Bollywood actor Anil Kapoor has been felicitated by Council of European Chambers of Commerce (CEUCC) in India and an European Union delegation as part of the ‘Europe Day’ celebrations in Mumbai on May 17. He has been felicitated for his decade-long support to promoting the cause of children’s rights and his collaboration with the EU and Plan India in their girls’ rights endeavours. The event also highlighted how Europe has always been a favourite shooting destination for Indian filmmakers for many decades. The Europe Day is celebrated every year on May 9 to mark the formation of the European Union (EU). 39. Which Indian personality has been awarded the UN Sasakawa Award 2019 for Disaster Risk Reduction? [A] Ajit Kumar Doval [B] P K Mishra [C] Nripendra Mishra [D] Kunal Sinha Correct Answer: B [P K Mishra] Notes: Dr. Pramod Kumar Mishra, Odisha-born IAS officer and Additional Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister of India, has been conferred with the prestigious United Nations Sasakawa Award for Disaster Risk Reduction for the year 2019 in Geneva, Switzerland. He received the 2019 Sasakawa award in recognition of his long-term dedication to improve the resilience of communities most exposed to disasters and his personal commitment to social inclusion as a critical principle to reduce inequality and poverty, enhancing the safety net of the socially and economically marginalized. The UN Sasakawa Award is the most prestigious international award in the area of Disaster Risk Management. It was instituted more than 30 years ago and is jointly organized by the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and the Nippon Foundation. A total grant of USD 50,000 is distributed among the winners which can be either organizations or individuals. The theme of the 2019 Sasakawa award was “Building Inclusive and Resilient Societies”. 40. The tripartite MoU signed between NMCG, HCL Foundation and INTACH for Rudraksh

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 97 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Plantation in which of the following states? [A] Uttar Pradesh [B] Uttarakhand [C] Bihar [D] West Bengal Correct Answer: B [Uttarakhand] Notes: As an initiative towards a greener ecosystem in Ganga Basin, the tripartite MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) was signed between National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), HCL Foundation and INTACH for taking up a project of ‘Plantation of Rudraksh Trees in Uttarakhand’ under the ‘Namami Gange’ Programme. The aim of the project is to plant 10 thousand Rudraksh trees in the catchment area of river Ganga in Uttarakhand in association with local community and other stakeholders. It will also help in generating income for people residing in those areas. The aim of the Namami Gange Mission is to provide comprehensive and sustainable solutions for a cleaner ecosystem along the stretch of 97 towns and over 4 thousand 4 hundred villages on the Ganga stem and a public-private partnership will provide the initiative a much-needed impetus 41. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of World Metrology Day (WMD)?

[A] The International System of Units – AdarshLight Bansal | [email protected] | [B] The International System of Units – Commerce [C] The International System of Units – Transport [D] The International System of Units – Fundamentally better Correct Answer: D [The International System of Units – Fundamentally better] Notes: The World Metrology Day (WMD) is observed every year on May 20 to commemorate anniversary of the signing of the Metre Convention in 1875. The treaty provides the basis for a coherent measurement system worldwide that underpins scientific discovery and innovation, industrial manufacturing and international trade, as well as the improvement of the quality of life and the protection of the global environment. The 2019 theme is “The International System of Units – Fundamentally better”. The International System of Units is now based on a set of definitions each linked to the laws of physics and has the advantage of being able to embrace further improvements in measurement science and technology to meet the needs of future users for many years to come. 42. Who clinched the men’s title at the 2019 Italian Open Tennis tournament? [A] Novak Djokovic [B] Rafael Nadal [C] Roger Federer [D] Andy Murray Correct Answer: B [Rafael Nadal] Notes: In Tennis, defending champion Rafael Nadal of Spain has clinched the Italian Open 2019 title after beating Novak Djokovic 6-0, 4-6, 6-1 in the final in Rome on May 19. This is Nadal’s ninth Italian Open title. It is the 81st title of Nadal’s career. Nadal also broke a tie with Djokovic by claiming a record 34th ATP Masters 1000 crown. Whereas, in Women’s single Czech’s Karolina Pliskova registered two straight-set victory against Britain’s Johanna Konta 6-3, 6-4 to claim the Italian Open title. 43. The researchers at which Canadian university has developed a specialized microscope that can diagnose skin cancer & perform surgeries? [A] University of British Columbia [B] McGill University [C] University of Toronto [D] Mount Royal University Correct Answer: A [University of British Columbia]

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 98 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Notes: The researchers at University of British Columbia (UBC) in Canada have developed a specialized microscope that has the potential to diagnose diseases like skin cancer as well as perform precise surgery without making any incisions in the skin. According to the study published in the journal Science Advances, the microscope allows medical professionals to pinpoint the exact location of an abnormality, diagnose it and treat it instantly. This technology will make possible to scan tissue quickly, and when they see a suspicious or abnormal cell structure, they can perform ultra-precise surgery and selectively treat the unwanted or diseased structure within the tissue. It could be used to treat any structure of the body that can be reached by light and requires extremely precise treatment, including nerves or blood vessels in the skin, eye, brain or other vital structures. The study shows that the device allows imaging of living tissue up to about one millimetre in depth using an ultrafast infrared laser beam. 44. Which committee has recently submitted report on digital payments to RBI? [A] Kishore Sansi committee [B] Nandan Nilekani committee [C] H R Khan committee [D] Aruna Sharma committee Correct Answer: B [Nandan Nilekani committee ] Notes: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | A Reserve Bank of India (RBI) – appointed committee headed by Aadhaar architect Nandan Nilekani submitted its report on promoting digital payments to RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das on May 17. The RBI will examine the recommendations of the committee and will link the action points, wherever necessary, in its Payment Systems Vision 2021 for implementation. Earlier this week, the RBI released the ‘Payment and Settlement Systems in India: Vision 2019 – 2021’, for ensuring a safe, secure, convenient, quick and affordable e-payment system with an aim making India a ‘cash-lite’ society. In January 2019, the RBI had set up the 5-member panel on deepening digital payments with a view to encouraging digitization of payments and to enhance financial inclusion through digitization. 45. Which state has become the first Indian state to list Masala Bond in overseas market? [A] Kerala [B] Andhra Pradesh [C] Odisha [D] Karnataka Correct Answer: A [Kerala ] Notes: On May 17, Kerala became the first sub-sovereign entity in the country to access the international market by listing masala bonds issued through its off-budget mechanism – the Kerala Infrastructure Investment Fund Board (KIIFB). Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan has become the debutant head of state in the country to open trading at the London Stock Exchange (LSE) for the day. The resources earned through the bonds would be channelised for funding a clutch of infrastructure development projects cleared by the KIIFB director board. KIIFB is a state agency that mobilises fund for infrastructural projects, over and beyond funds earmarked in the budgets. Masala bonds are popularly known as the Indian Rupee denominated bonds, which can only be issued in a country and subscribed by a resident of such country that is a member of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) and whose securities market regulator is a member of International Organization of Securities Commission (IOSC). 46. Ieoh Ming Pei, who passed away recently, was the renowned architect of which country? [A] Japan [B] South Korea [C] China [D] Singapore Correct Answer: C [China] Notes: Ieoh Ming Pei (102), the Chinese-American architect behind buildings including the glass pyramid outside the Louvre in Paris, has passed away in Manhattan, United States on May 16, 2019. His designs

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 99 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 are renowned for their emphasis on precision geometry, plain surfaces and natural light. He carried on working well into old age, creating one of his most famous masterpieces – the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar – in his 80s. Born in Guangzhou (China) in 1917, Pei moved to the US at the age of 18 to study at Pennsylvania, MIT and Harvard. He worked as a research scientist for the US government during World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, founding his own firm in 1955. Pei sparked controversy for his pyramid at the Louvre Museum. The glass structure, completed in 1989, is now one of Paris’ most famous landmarks. His other work includes Dallas City Hall and Japan’s Miho Museum. In 1983, Pei was given the prestigious Pritzker Prize. He used his $100,000 prize money to start a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America. 47. On which date, the 2019 edition of World AIDS Vaccine Day (WAVD) is observed? [A] May 18 [B] May 19 [C] May 20 [D] May 21 Correct Answer: A [May 18] Notes: The World AIDS Vaccine Day (WAVD) is observed every year on 18th May to spread awareness about the urgent need for a vaccine to prevent HIV infection and AIDS. The day is also known as HIV Vaccine Awareness Day. It is also a day to thank volunteers,Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] researchers, | scientists, community member, health professionals and everyone else who is working to eradicate the disease and find ways for safe and effective HIV vaccines. 48. The 26th naval drill exercise “SIMBEX-19” has started between India and which of the following countries? [A] Sweden [B] Singapore [C] South Africa [D] Saudi Arabia Correct Answer: B [Singapore] Notes: The 26th edition of Singapore India Maritime Bilateral Exercise (SIMBEX)-19 has commenced in the South China Sea on May 19. The 4-day naval drill exercise will include various maritime combat drills such as advanced aerial tracking, coordinated targeting tactical exercises and weapon firing on aerial and surface targets”. In addition to IN Ships Kolkata and Shakti, Long Range Maritime Patrol Aircraft P8I will also participate in the exercise along with Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) Ships steadfast and valiant, maritime patrol aircraft Fokker-50 and F-16 fighter aircraft. SIMBEX is the longest uninterrupted naval exercise that India has with any other country. 49. Which of the following mountaineers has successfully scaled Mt. Everest for record 23rd time? [A] Dachhiri Sherpa [B] Kami Rita Sherpa [C] Apa Sherpa [D] Phurba Tashi Sherpa Correct Answer: B [Kami Rita Sherpa ] Notes: A renowned Nepali mountaineer, Kami Rita Sherpa has created history by successfully scaling the Mount Everest peak (8848m) for the 23rd time on May 14, 2019. He broke his own record of the most successful ascents of the world’s highest peak. Kami Rita, who is from Thame village in Solukhumbu district, scaled the Mount Everest for the first on May 13, 1994. He has already climbed most of the peaks above 8,000 m including K2, Cho-Oyu, Lhoste, and Annapurna among others. He is currently working as a senior guide at Seven Summit Treks. 50. Project SPARROW, which is in news recently, is associated to which of the following union ministries?

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 100 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [A] Ministry of Finance [B] Ministry of Home Affairs [C] Ministry of Information and Broadcasting [D] Ministry of Railways Correct Answer: A [Ministry of Finance] Notes: The Union Ministry of Finance has launched Project Sparrow for online writing of Annual Performance Appraisal Report (APAR) in SPARROW (Smart Performance Appraisal Report Recording Online Window) for Group ‘B’ and ‘C’ Officers of Central Board of Indirect Taxes & Customs (CBIC). SPARROW-CBIC is one of its kinds in terms of Scale/ number of employees covered as far as Central Government Departments are concerned. It brings a complete change in APAR management of such large number of Group ‘B’ & ‘C’ Officers/ Staff of CBIC, which would, in turn, lead to better HR Management. This Project leverages modern technology for enhancing the overall efficiency and morale of the huge workforce working in Central GST and Customs formations of CBIC. The Project is an important milestone in the journey towards digitization and paper less working. 51. Who has officially been elected as the new President of Indonesia? [A] Maruf Amin

[B] Prabowo Subianto Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [C] Joko Widodo [D] Sandiaga Uno Correct Answer: C [Joko Widodo] Notes: Joko Widodo has been officially re-elected to a second term as President of Indonesia. His win is a victory for stability and continuity in Indonesia, Southeast Asia’s largest country and a geopolitical anchor for the region. Widodo and his vice-presidential running mate Ma’ruf Amin won the election by a 55.5% to 44.5% margin over rival Prabowo Subianto and Sandiaga Uno. The two rival election campaigns focused on the economy, infrastructure and corruption. Religion was also a core issue. Though Indonesia has no official state religion and the right to practise other faiths is enshrined in the constitution, some 80% of the country is Muslim. 52. Christchurch Call to Action, which is in news recently, is the brainchild of which of the following countries? [A] Canada & UK [B] Germany & Spain [C] Netherlands & Sweden [D] New Zealand & France Correct Answer: D [New Zealand & France] Notes: India has recently signed the new global anti-terror initiative ‘Christchurch Call to Action’, which is the brainchild of New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern and French President Emmanuel Macron to fight terrorism. The document was signed and adopted with participation from 26 nations, including France, New Zealand, European Commission, Ireland, Norway, Senegal, Canada, Jordan, UK, Indonesia, Australia, Germany, Japan, Spain, Netherlands and Sweden. The agreement came in the backdrop of the attacks on mosques on 15th March 2019 and is aimed at stopping abuse of the Internet by extremists. The dissemination of such content online has adverse impacts on the human rights of the victims, on collective security and on people all over the world. The meeting held in Paris was attended by representatives of online giants like Microsoft, Google, Twitter, Facebook and Amazon. India was represented by Ajay Prakash Sawhney, Secretary. 53. Which country has become the first in Asia to legalise same-sex marriage? [A] Japan [B] Taiwan [C] Indonesia [D] Malaysia

Correct Answer: B [Taiwan] Notes: On May 17, Taiwan has become the first in Asia to legalise same-sex marriage with the passage of legislation giving gay couples the right to marry. Lawmakers comfortably passed part of a bill that would allow gay couples to enter into exclusive permanent unions and apply for marriage registration with government agencies. The vote allows same-sex couples full legal marriage rights, including in areas such as taxes, insurance, and child custody. Taiwan is a self-governing democracy with a vibrant civil society. 54. Who has been honored with the 2019 JFK Profile in Courage Award? [A] Paul Ryan [B] Kevin McCarthy [C] Nancy Pelosi [D] Charles Manatt Correct Answer: C [Nancy Pelosi] Notes: An American politician, Nancy Pelosi has been honored with the 2019 John F Kennedy Profile in Courage Award at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum in Boston. She has been recognized for her efforts to pass former President BarackAdarsh BansalObama’s | [email protected] 2010 health | care law and for helping Democrats reclaim control of the U.S. House during last year’s elections. Pelosi is serving as Speaker of the United States House of Representatives since January 2019. First elected to Congress in 1987, she is the only woman to have served as Speaker and is the highest-ranking elected woman in United States history. 55. Which International organization has celebrated the 2nd edition of International Day of Light (IDL-2019)? [A] UNESCO [B] UNICEF [C] UNIDO [D] UNWTO Correct Answer: A [UNESCO] Notes: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has celebrated the 2nd edition of International Day of Light (IDL-2019) on 16th May to mark the role light plays in our daily lives. IDL aims to raise awareness of the critical role light-based technologies play in our lives, elevating science, technology, art, and culture to help achieve the goals of UNESCO – education, equality, and peace. The day marks the anniversary of the first successful operation of the laser beam in 1960 by famous physicist and engineer – Theodore Maiman. 56. Who has been appointed as the new Pakistan High Commissioner to India? [A] Masood Khalid [B] Imtiaz Ahmad [C] Mueenul Haq [D] Zaheer Janjua Correct Answer: C [Mueenul Haq] Notes: Mueenul Haq, the current ambassador to France, has been appointed as the new Pakistan High Commissioner to India. Mueen is a career diplomatic and previously served as the chief of protocol at the foreign office. The post of high commissioner to India fell vacant after Sohail Mehmood was appointed the foreign secretary in March 2019. Prime Minister Imran Khan has recently approved the appointments of over two dozen ambassadors in various countries including India and China. 57. Niki Lauda, who passed away recently, was associated to which sports? [A] Chess [B] Sprint

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 102 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [C] Judo [D] Motor Racing Correct Answer: D [Motor Racing] Notes: Niki Lauda (70), the 3-time Formula One world champion, has passed away in Vienna, Austria on May 20, 2019. One of the best-known figures in motor racing, Lauda took the title for Ferrari in 1975 and 1977 and McLaren in 1984. He is also remembered for his remarkable recovery and return to racing after being badly burned in a crash in the 1976 German Grand Prix. 58. The researchers at which space agency has found evidence of water, organics on Kuiper Belt object ‘Ultima Thule’? [A] NASA [B] JAXA [C] ISRO [D] CNES Correct Answer: A [NASA] Notes: The researchers at NASA space agency hasAdarsh found Bansal | [email protected] evidence for | a unique mixture of methanol, water ice, and organic molecules on the surface of Ultima Thule, which is located in the Kuiper Belt – beyond the orbit of Neptune. The mixture is very different from most icy objects explored previously by spacecraft. Ultima Thule (also known as 2014 MU69) is 4 billion miles from Earth and has captured scientists’ curiosity since they discovered it had a snowman-like appearance. It has two distinct, flat segments and is thought to be an “ancient relic,” likely forming “billions of years ago”. The research also sheds new light on Ultima Thule’s geology and composition. The 22-mile-long object probably formed after the two lobes orbited each other. However, it’s still unknown what caused them to merge into the object seen today. Scientists have also found new features on Ultima Thule, including several bright spots, patches and craters, including a 5-mile-wide depression that likely formed from some kind of impact. 59. PCT Humanity has set the new Guinness World Records for holding longest iftar. Who is the founder of the charity? [A] Sanjay Pandey [B] Himanshu Sangwani [C] Joginder Singh Salaria [D] Ramesh Iyer Correct Answer: C [Joginder Singh Salaria] Notes: PCT Humanity, a charity run by an Indian in the UAE, has set the new Guinness Book of World Records for its hunger relief efforts during the holy month of Ramzan in Abu Dhabi. Joginder Singh Salaria, founder of Pehal charitable Trust (PCT), said the efforts were in continuation to the vegetarian iftar held daily at the premises of his company Pehal International, Dubai Industrial Park. The charity set the new Guinness World Records for “Longest Line of Hunger Relief Package” in Abu Dhabi. Besides the record, the main aim of charity is to feed people pure vegetarian food to stay healthy and fit and also save animals. 60. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of International Museum Day (IMD)? [A] Museums as Cultural Hubs: The Future of Tradition [B] Museums and Cultural Landscapes [C] Hyper-connected museums: New approaches, new publics [D] Museums for peace and harmony in society Correct Answer: A [Museums as Cultural Hubs: The Future of Tradition] Notes: The International Museum Day (IMD) is observed every year on May 18 to raise awareness about the importance of museums as means of cultural exchange, enrichment of cultures and development of mutual understanding, cooperation and peace among peoples. The 2019 theme is ‘Museums as Cultural

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 103 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Hubs: The Future of Tradition’. 61. Which of the following social media platforms has become the team sponsor of Indian Wheelchair Cricket Association for 2019 Asia Cup? [A] Instagram [B] Twitter [C] Helo [D] Facebook Correct Answer: C [Helo] Notes: India’s social media platform – Helo has become the official team sponsor of Indian Wheelchair Cricket Association for 2019 Asia Cup, which has started on May 15 in Nepal. This association makes Helo the first social media app to host and promote Indian Wheelchair Cricket on its platform. As part of the association, Helo will now be the official digital media partner for the team during the tournament. In preparation for the tournament, more than 200 Wheelchair Cricket players have joined Helo as part of this campaign to connect with their local communities across India. The Wheelchair Cricket Association is affiliated to the Disabled Sporting Society and has 16 state teams under it. The players are 70-90 per cent physically challenged and will do batting, bowling, fielding and running on wheelchairs only. 62. Jokha Alharthi , who won the 2019 ManAdarsh Bansal Booker | [email protected] International | Prize, is from which country? [A] Iran [B] Saudi Arabia [C] UAE [D] Oman Correct Answer: D [Oman] Notes: An author from Oman, Jokha Alharthi has won the prestigious 2019 Man Booker International Prize for her novel “Celestial Bodies”, which reveals her Omani homeland’s post-colonial transformation. Her novel tells the story of three sisters of a desert country confronting its slave-owning past and a complex modern world. With this feat, Alharthi has become the first Arabic-language writer to take the prize. The prestigious 50,000-pound (Over 44 lakh rupees) prize, which celebrates translated fiction from around the world, is divided equally between the author and the translator. Alharthi’s translator was U.S. academic Marilyn Booth, who teaches Arabic literature at Oxford University. The prize is a counterpart to the Man Booker Prize for English-language novels and is open to books in any language that has been translated into English. This is the final year of the prize being sponsored by investment firm Man Group, which has backed the prizes for 18 years. From next year, the award will be known as the International Booker Prize. 63. ISRO has successfully launched its radar imaging satellite RISAT-2B through which launch vehicle? [A] PSLV-C44 [B] PSLV-C46 [C] PSLV-C47 [D] PSLV-C45 Correct Answer: B [PSLV-C46] Notes: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched its newest microwave earth observation satellite RISAT-2B from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) at Sriharikota through its trusted workhorse PSLV-C46. The 615-kg RISAT-2B meant for application in fields such as surveillance, agriculture, forestry and disaster management support. It will replace the RISAT-2, which was launched in 2009. The new satellite will enhance India’s all-weather (space-based) capabilities in agriculture, forestry and disaster management. Its X-band synthetic aperture radar can give added details such as size of objects on Earth, structures, movement and change. The information will complement data from the normal optical remote-sensing satellites. Such data are useful for agencies that need ground imageries during cloud, rain and in the dark.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 104 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 64. The 8th Indo-Myanmar Coordinated Patrol (IMCOR-2019) has started at which of the following sites? [A] Port Blair [B] Minicoy [C] Daman and Diu [D] Kavaratti Correct Answer: A [Port Blair] Notes: The 8th edition of Indo-Myanmar Coordinated Patrol (IMCOR-2019) has started at Port Blair in Andaman and Nicobar Command on May 20. The CORPAT (coordinated patrol) initiative between Indian and Myanmar navies is meant to address issues of terrorism, illegal fishing, drug trafficking, human trafficking, poaching and other illegal activities inimical to interest of both nations. Myanmar ships – UMS King TabinShweHtee and UMS Inlay – would undertake a coordinated patrol with Indian Naval Ship Saryu from 20 – 28 May 19. The patrolling effort will be augmented by Maritime Patrol Aircraft from both the navies. The ships would patrol along the International Maritime Boundary Line (IMBL) between the two countries covering a distance of approximately 725 Kms over a period of four days. The ships will also undertake joint manoeuvres and drills during the sea phase of coordinated patrol (CORPAT) prior ‘Closing Ceremony’ of the CORPAT onboard Myanmar Naval Ship. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | 65. Priyanka Mohite, who has become the first Indian woman to successfully scale Mount Makalu, is from which state? [A] Karnataka [B] Chhattisgarh [C] Maharashtra [D] Kerala Correct Answer: C [Maharashtra] Notes: Priyanka Mohite, the 26-year-old Satara based mountaineer, has become the first Indian woman to successfully scale Mount Makalu — the fifth-highest mountain in the world at 8,481 metres. Earlier, in May 2018, Priyanka managed to scale Mount Lhotse, which is the fourth highest mountain in the world. In 2013, Mohite had become the youngest girl from her state to have conquered the 8,848m Mount Everest — the highest peak in the world — becoming only the third-youngest Indian to do so. Mt Makalu is located in the Mahalangur Himalayas, 19 km south-east of Mount Everest, on the border between Nepal and China. The first climb on Makalu was made by an American team led by Riley Keegan in 1954. 66. Which of the following countries has launched the permanent residency system “Golden Card”? [A] UAE [B] India [C] Myanmar [D] Sri Lanka Correct Answer: A [UAE] Notes: The Prime Minister of United Arab Emirates (UAE), Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al-Maktoum has launched the permanent residency system “Golden Card” for expats investors, entrepreneurs, specialized talents and researchers to be a part of the UAE’s success story. The move is expected to attract more Indian professionals and businessmen to the Gulf nation. The new permanent visa will generate foreign investment, encourage entrepreneurship, and attract top engineers, scientists and students. The Golden Card offers unprecedented benefits to the cardholders and their families while creating an attractive environment for business and growth. It will also increase the UAE’s competitiveness and reaffirms the country’s position as a global incubator. The benefits of the permanent residency also include the spouse and children of the cardholder to ensure cohesive social ties. The new permanent residency initiative has identified the first 6,800 qualified expats from over 70 countries, to benefit from the Golden Card scheme’s unprecedented benefits.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 105 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 67. Which Indian diplomat will be conferred the Japan’s second highest national award- The Order of the Rising Sun? [A] Sujatha Singh [B] Nirupama Rao [C] Shyam Saran [D] Shivshankar Menon Correct Answer: C [Shyam Saran] Notes: Shyam Saran, an Indian career diplomat, will be conferred with Japan’s second highest national award- The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Star. He will be awarded in 2019 Spring Imperial Decorations for his contributions to strengthen the strategic ties and enhancing mutual understanding between India and Japan. He was India’s Foreign Secretary during 2004-2006. During his tenure, the then Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi visited India for the first time in 5 years. His contributions in strengthening mutual understanding between Japan and India includes “India Festival”, which was held in Japan in 1988, when he was Deputy Chief of Mission of Embassy of India in Japan. Since 2017, Saran has been enhancing mutual understanding between the two countries, such as by hosting an “India-Japan Colloquium”.

68. Which Indian peacekeeper will be honouredAdarsh Bansal | [email protected] posthumously | with 2019 UN Dag Hammarskjold Medal? [A] Gautam Bambawale [B] Atul Khare [C] Jitender Kumar [D] Raveesh Kumar Correct Answer: C [Jitender Kumar] Notes: Police Officer Jitender Kumar is among the 119 military, police and civilian personnel who will be honoured with a prestigious 2019 UN Dag Hammarskjold Medal for courage and sacrifice in the line of duty. Kumar made the supreme sacrifice while serving in the UN Organisation Stabilisation Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO). India’s Permanent Representative to the UN Ambassador Syed Akbaruddin would collect the medal on behalf of the fallen Indian peacekeeper at a solemn ceremony on May 29 as the world organisation observes the 2019 International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers. India is the fourth largest contributor of uniformed personnel to the UN peacekeeping. It currently contributes more than 6,400 military and police personnel to the UN peace operations in Abyei, Cyprus, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Haiti, Lebanon, the Middle East, South Sudan and the Western Sahara. 69. On which date, the 2019 edition of National Anti Terrorism Day (NATD) is observed in India? [A] May 22 [B] May 23 [C] May 21 [D] May 20 Correct Answer: C [May 21] Notes: The National Anti Terrorism Day (NATD) is celebrated every year in India on May 21 to spread the message of global peace and non-violence and stop youngsters from following cult practices and being misguided. The day also honours the sacrifices made by thousands of soldiers who fought against terrorism. It’s a day to pay tribute to those who lost their lives in terrorist attacks. It was on this day in 1991, the former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated by a suicide squad of Liberation of Tamil Tigers Eelam (LTTE), while attending a rally in Sriperumbudur, Tamil Nadu. The aim behind the observance of Anti-Terrorism Day is to wean away the people from terrorism and violence. 70. Which of the following High courts has ruled that the United Nations is not a State under Article 12 of the Constitution of India? [A] Delhi High Court

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 106 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [B] Madras High Court [C] Bombay High Court [D] Calcutta High Court Correct Answer: A [Delhi High Court] Notes: The Delhi High Court has ruled that the United Nations (UN) is not a State under Article 12 of the Constitution of India and is not amenable to its jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution. The judgment was passed by a single-judge Bench of Justice Suresh Kumar Kait in a petition concerning the immunity enjoyed by the UNO under the United Nations (Privileges and Immunities) Act, 1947. The petition was filed by a former UNO employee who was found guilty of misconduct pursuant to the findings of a Procurement Task Force (PTF). Sanjaya Bahel, convicted by a US Federal Court and sentenced to 97 months of imprisonment and two years of mandatory probation, was released and deported to India in May 2014. In his petition, he claimed that due process was not followed in his case. 71. Who has been elected as the new President of South Africa? [A] Julius Malema [B] Thabo Mbeki [C] Mmusi Maimane [D] Cyril Ramaphosa Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Correct Answer: D [Cyril Ramaphosa] Notes: South African lawmakers have re-elected Cyril Ramaphosa as the president of the country. The Members of Parliament (MP) from the African National Congress (ANC) have chosen the head of state in the parliament’s first post-election sitting. The party won 230 out of 400 seats in the election on May 8. The African National Congress party won the ballot with 57.5% of the vote, its thinnest majority since the end of apartheid. 72. On which date, the 2019 edition of the World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development is celebrated? [A] May 22 [B] May 23 [C] May 21 [D] May 24 Correct Answer: C [May 21] Notes: The World Day for Cultural Diversity for Dialogue and Development is observed every year on May 21 to increase the understanding of issues around cultural diversity and development among governments, non-governmental organizations and the public. The day was created as a result of the destruction of the Buddha statues of Bamiyan in Afghanistan in 2001. This year, in 2019, the UAE has celebrated the day to highlight its efforts in promoting tolerance and cultural diversity. The event will coincide with the country’s declaration of 2019 as the Year for Tolerance and its hosting of many related events. The UAE has cultural relations with many countries and is an active member of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO). 73. Surya Prakash, who passed away recently, was the renowned artist from which state? [A] Karnataka [B] Telangana [C] Andhra Pradesh [D] Kerala Correct Answer: B [Telangana] Notes: Surya Prakash (79), a well-known artist from Telangana, has passed away in Hyderabad on May 21, 2019. Born on 23rd March 1940 in Madhira of Khammam district, the artist known for his abstract landscapes drew heavily on his love for nature. His works were mainly in oils and acrylic, and he was inspired by

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 107 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 French impressionists. The best places where his creative paintings stand out in Hyderabad are the LV Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI) and the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB). He has done nearly 60 solo exhibitions and over a century of groups shows, displaying the breadth and depth of his work. He received ‘Kala Vibhushan’ award and other honours. 74. Vijaya Mulay, who passed away recently, was the renowned personality of which field? [A] Photography [B] Sports [C] Film Industry [D] Journalism Correct Answer: C [Film Industry] Notes: Vijaya Mulay (98), the renowned filmmaker and film historian, has passed away at her south Delhi residence on May 19, 2019. Born on 16th May 1921, Mulay founded the Delhi Film Society in 1959, and later on became a joint secretary of the Federation of Film Societies. She is best known for her animation film ‘Ek Anek Aur Ekta’ , which was aired on Doordarshan in the 70s and 80s and won the National Film Award for Best Educational Film. Her 7-minute film, aimed at children, messaged the importance of unity in diversity and celebrated its powers and pleasure.

75. Which of the following banks has tiedAdarsh up Bansal with | [email protected] FMCG arm | of The Art of Living? [A] SBI [B] PNB [C] BoB [D] BoI Correct Answer: A [SBI] Notes: The State Bank of India (SBI) has announced a strategic partnership with the FMCG arm of The Art of Living — Sri Sri Tattva. Under this partnership, YONO users can avail a discount of 15% on the entire range of products offered by Sri Sri Tattva such as food, personal care, healthcare, homecare, BYOGI apparels and Shankara skincare products. Sri Sri Tattva will make YONO’s online marketplace richer with product portfolio in the organic, wellness and Ayurvedic domains, giving SBI customers formidable shopping experience. 76. Chancy Chitete, who has been conferred with the 2019 UN’s highest peacekeeping award, was from which country? [A] Malawi [B] Nigeria [C] Egypt [D] Zambia Correct Answer: A [Malawi] Notes: Late Malawian soldier Chancy Chitete has been posthumously conferred with the UN’s highest peacekeeping award – Captain Mbaye Diagne Medal for Exceptional Courage.- The award will be given during the 2019 International Day of UN Peacekeepers commemorations at UN Headquarters in New York on May 24. In November 2018, Chitete was killed in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) during an operation in the eastern part of the country to combat the ADF, an armed force that had been terrorizing civilians and disrupting the UN’s ongoing efforts to treat, and halt, the spread of the deadly Ebola virus. The award was established in 2014 for uniformed and civilian personnel who meet the criteria and is named after the late UN peacekeeper Captain Diagne, who saved hundreds of lives in Rwanda in 1994, before being killed. 77. What is the India’s rank in the 2019 KidsRight Index? [A] 111th [B] 100th [C] 117th

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 108 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [D] 104th Correct Answer: C [117th ] Notes: India has been ranked 117th out of 181 countries in the 2019 KidsRight Index, which ranks countries on the basis of how much they are involved and equipped to improve child rights. Iceland made the top position with an overall score of 0.967, followed by Portugal, and Switzerland. The annual global index is an initiative of Kids Right Foundation in cooperation with Erasmus University in Rotterdam, Netherlands. They release annual reports every year by pooling data from UNICEF, UNDP and UN Committee on the Rights of the Child by considering individual country reports. The index consists of five categories – Right to Life, Right to Health, Right to Education, Right to Protection, and Enabling Environment for Child Rights. 78. Who has become the India’s first woman fighter pilot to qualify to undertake combat missions? [A] Avani Chaturvedi [B] Mohana Singh [C] Sunaina Rajput [D] Bhawana Kanth Correct Answer: D [Bhawana Kanth] Notes: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Flight Lieutenant Bhawana Kanth, who belongs to Darbhanga (Bihar), has created history by becoming the India’s first female fighter of the Indian Air Force (IAF) to qualify to undertake combat missions for day operations on a fighter aircraft. This comes after she completed her day operational training as a fighter pilot on the MiG-21 Bison aircraft. At present, Bhawana is posted at the Nal base in Bikaner , where she will operate the aircraft with her squadron. The MiG-21 is the oldest frontline combat jet in service with the Indian Air Force, having first entered service in 1964. The jet has been regularly upgraded since then. The MiG-21 “Bison” is the definitive variant of the legacy fighter. 79. Which of the following international organizations has decided to provide $750 million loan to India for railway track electrification project? [A] IMF [B] AIIB [C] ADB [D] World Bank Correct Answer: C [ADB] Notes: The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has signed an agreement to provide long-term financing of $750 million equivalent in Indian rupees to fund the Railways track electrification project. It is the largest single non-sovereign loan ever committed by ADB to Indian Railway Finance Corporation (IRFC) to electrify railway tracks in India. It is part of a broad modernisation programme that will help the railways transition to electric power and move away from dependence on fossil fuels. IRFC will use the loan proceeds to install electric traction equipment along approximately 3,378 km of existing railway lines, which will enable the migration of passenger and freight traffic from diesel to electric traction. The electrification assets will be leased to the Indian Railways under a long-term lease agreement. 80. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of World Hypertension Day (WHD)? [A] Awareness of high blood pressure [B] Know your numbers [C] Treat to goal [D] Healthy diet, healthy blood pressure Correct Answer: B [Know your numbers] Notes: The World Hypertension Day (WHD) is observed every year on May 17 to spread awareness about the disease that the World Health Organisation (WHO) calls a “silent killer” and “global public health issue”. The 2019 theme “Know your numbers” is meant to raise awareness about high blood pressure in people across the world. The idea is to make sure you check your blood pressure regularly and know your

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 109 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 numbers in order to necessary action on time. Hypertension or high blood pressure is a condition in which there is long-term high force of blood against artery walls. The force is high enough to cause numerous health problems like heart disease and stroke. Blood pressure is determined by the amount of blood heart pumps and the amount of resistance blood flow in arteries. The more blood your heart pumps, the narrower your arteries and the higher your blood pressure. 81. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of International Day for Biological Diversity (IDB)? [A] Biodiversity and Sustainable Tourism [B] Our Biodiversity, Our Food, Our Health [C] Biodiversity for Sustaining People and their Livelihoods [D] Biodiversity for Sustainable Development Correct Answer: B [Our Biodiversity, Our Food, Our Health] Notes: The International Day for Biological Diversity (IDB) is observed every year on 22 May 2019 to increase understanding and awareness about biodiversity issues on a global scale. The 2019 theme “Our Biodiversity, Our Food, Our Health” is meant to leverage knowledge and spread awareness of the dependency of our food systems, nutrition, and health on biodiversity and healthy ecosystems. The theme also the diversity provided by our natural systems for human existence and well-being on Earth, while contributing to other Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including climate change mitigation and adaptation, ecosystems restoration, cleanerAdarsh Bansal water | [email protected] and zero | hunger, among others. 82. Which of the following countries has been officially recognized as malaria-free in the WHO African Region? [A] Nigeria [B] Morocco [C] Algeria [D] Tanzania Correct Answer: C [Algeria] Notes: The World Health Organization (WHO) has officially recognized Algeria and Argentina as malaria-free countries, after no new cases of the deadly disease have been reported for at least 3 consecutive years. As per WHO, there were now 38 countries and territories that have been declared free of the disease. Algeria, where the malaria parasite was discovered by French physician Dr. Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran in 1880, is only the second country in Africa to reach this milestone. The other is Mauritius, which was recognized as malaria-free in 1973. Argentina is the 2nd country in 45 years to be officially recognized as malaria-free in the WHO Region of the Americas, after Paraguay in June 2018. Malaria is a parasitic disease transmitted through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes. The disease is both preventable and treatable. 83. Chagos Archipelago is located in which of the following oceans? [A] Atlantic Ocean [B] Pacific Ocean [C] Arctic Ocean [D] Indian Ocean Correct Answer: D [Indian Ocean] Notes: The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) has officially passed a resolution demanding the United Kingdom withdraw its administration of the Chagos Islands. The resolution welcomed the February 25, 2019 advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) on the legal consequences of the separation of the Chagos Archipelago from Mauritius in 1965. It ruled that the UK’s decolonisation of the Indian Ocean islands was unlawful. It must be noted that UK retained possession of the Chagos archipelago after Mauritius gained its independence in 1968. The islands have since been used for defence purposes by the UK and the United States, which established a military base on the island of Diego Garcia. The entire Chagossian population was forcibly removed from the territory between 1967 and 1973, and prevented from returning. The Chagos Archipelago is a group of 7 atolls consists of more than 60 individual tropical islands in the Indian Ocean about 500 km south of the Maldives archipelago.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 110 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 84. The 2019 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Council of Foreign Ministers was held in which of the following cities? [A] Bishkek [B] New Delhi [C] Moscow [D] Beijing Correct Answer: A [Bishkek] Notes: On May 21, External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj attended a two-day meeting of the 2019 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Council of Foreign Ministers in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. Ms. Swaraj took up terror strikes at Pulwama and Sri Lanka and urged member nations of SCO for greater counter- terror cooperation. She said that India is open to strengthen the Regional Anti-Terror Structure (RATS) of SCO to fight terrorism and security challenges in the region. She added that SCO must support the member countries’ candidatures for the non-permanent membership of UNSC for the years 2021-2022 and 2027-2028. The SCO was founded at a summit in Shanghai in 2001 by the presidents of Russia, China, Kyrgyz Republic, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Along with India, Pakistan was also granted the SCO membership in 2017.

85. What is the theme of the 2019 editionAdarsh of Bansal World | [email protected] Bee Day | (WBD)? [A] Join hands to Protect Bees [B] Save the Bees [C] Praise Bees & their working [D] Save Bees, Save Ecosystem Correct Answer: B [Save the Bees] Notes: The World Bee Day (WBD) is celebrated every year on May 20 to acknowledge the role of bees and other pollinators for the ecosystem. It provides an opportunity for governments, organizations, civil society and concerned citizens everywhere to promote actions that will protect and enhance pollinators and their habitats, improve their abundance and diversity, and support the sustainable development of beekeeping. 20 May coincides with the birthday of Anton Janaa, who in the 18th century pioneered modern beekeeping techniques in his native Slovenia and praised the bees for their ability to work so hard, while needing so little attention. The 2019 theme ‘Save the Bees’ is meant to raise awareness on the increasing need to preserve bees and other pollinators. 86. Who has become the first black African woman to conquer Mt. Everest in her fourth attempt? [A] Taytu Betul [B] Dambisa Moyo [C] Phuti Malabie [D] Saray Khumalo Correct Answer: D [Saray Khumalo] Notes: Saray Khumalo, a Zambia-born Johannesburg resident, has become the first black African women to conquer the summit of Mount Everest, with an elevation of 8,848m, in her fourth attempt. She uses her expeditions to raise funds for libraries and support children’s educational activities in Africa. So far, she has managed to raise about $80,000 for children’s education and libraries. She also supports a foundation that takes care of orphans, providing them with education, shelter and food. Khumalo has also climbed Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Aconcagua in Argentina and Mount Elbrus in Russia In 2003, South African park ranger Sibusiso Vilane became the first black person to summit Mount Everest. 87. Which Indian doctor has been honoured with the ‘Global Asian of the Year 2018-19’ award at the Asian Business & Social Forum 2019? [A] Kamini Rao [B] SI Padmavati [C] Hema Divakar

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 111 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [D] Kadambani Ganguly Correct Answer: C [Hema Divakar] Notes: Dr. Hema Divakar, a Bengaluru-based medical doctor, has been honoured with the ‘Global Asian of the Year 2018-19’ award in Dubai recently for her yeomen services and contributions to the women’s healthcare ecosystem, in India. Dr. Divakar received the award at the Asian Business & Social Forum 2019 under the ‘In Service of the Society and the Nation’ category from UAE’s Trade Promotion Director Mohammed Naser Hamdan Al Zaabi. The award is conferred on those who stand out for vision, action and ingenuity and represent contemporary ideas to make global impact. 88. Which Indian scientist has won the 2019 German chemistry prize at the 4th Green and Sustainable Chemistry Conference? [A] Siva Umapathy [B] B Sesikeran [C] Ankur Patwardhan [D] S Chandrasekhar Correct Answer: C [Ankur Patwardhan]

Notes: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | In Germany, the international competition ‘Elsevier Foundation-ISC3 Green and Sustainable Chemistry Challenge’ was recently held at the 4th Green and Sustainable Chemistry Conference. In it, a project idea by Dr. Ankur Patwardhan from Pune has bagged the second prize of €25,000. His project named ‘Butterfly attractant for pollination and ecosystem health’ is about the relation between chemistry and ecosystem. Dr. Patwardhan is currently working as head of the ‘Annasaheb Kulkarni Biodiversity Department’ at Abasaheb Garware College, Pune. He developed the project idea with the help of Tejaswini Pachpor and Dattatray Naik. Patwardhan serves as a member of the Maharashtra State Biodiversity Board. He is also the president of a high-level committee appointed by the Centre on Mahabaleshwar-Panchgani Eco-Sensitive Zone. 89. Which of the following football teams has clinched the 2019 Indian Women’s League? [A] Manipur Police [B] FC Alakhpura [C] Gokulam Kerala [D] Sethu FC Correct Answer: D [Sethu FC] Notes: Sethu FC has clinched their first ever Indian Women’s League trophy after defeating Manipur Police 3-1 at the Guru Nanak Stadium in Ludhiana on May 22, 2019. The Sethu FC is an Indian women’s football club based in Tamil Nadu. The Indian Women’s League is the top division women’s professional football league in India. The 2018-19 season is the third season of the Indian Women’s League. The league is ran by the All India Football Federation (AIFF). 90. What is the India’s GDP forecast in FY 20, as per latest UN-WESP 2019 Mid-year Update? [A] 7.4% [B] 7.3% [C] 7.1% [D] 7.2% Correct Answer: C [7.1%] Notes: The United Nations (UN) has recently released the World Economic Situation and Prospects (WESP) 2019 Mid-year Update. In it, the UN has lowered its forecast for India’s GDP growth in 2019-20 to 7.1% from its estimate in January of 7.5%, citing an overall slowdown in global growth. The report stated that the global economy is experiencing a broad-based growth slowdown led by slowing industrial production coupled with the weakening of international trade activity due in large part to the unresolved trade disputes between the U.S. and China. Overall, the UN lowered its growth forecast for South Asia marginally to 5.8% in 2020 from the 5.9% estimated for the year in January.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 112 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 91. Which German payments company has teamed up with India to issue PAN cards? [A] Wirecard [B] Paysafe Group [C] Atos [D] Klarna Correct Answer: A [Wirecard ] Notes: German payments company Wirecard has teamed up with India to simplify the process of issuing tax identity cards required to open bank accounts, transfer money or complete business transactions. The deal, with state company UTI Infrastructure Technology and Financial Services, seeks to widen the distribution of so-called PAN cards in the country of 1.3 billion where most people still live and work in the informal economy. Munich-based Wirecard, founded in 1999, runs a digital payments platform that handles payments for merchants and issues real and ‘virtual’ payment cards to consumers. It mainly operates under arrangements that allow their partners to rebrand their products. Wirecard is already has a presence in India and its network of 15,000 retail agents in 350 cities would help collect and scan in the documents that people need to apply for a PAN card. 92. Which international organization has unveiled a new strategy to tackle global snakebite

“Emergency”? Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [A] ILO [B] UNESCO [C] FAO [D] WHO Correct Answer: D [WHO] Notes: The World Health Organization (WHO) has unveiled a new strategy to dramatically cut deaths and injuries from snakebites, and also warned a lack of anti-venoms could soon spark a “public health emergency”. Each year, nearly three million people are bitten by poisonous snakes, with an estimated 81,000-138,000 deaths. The aim of the strategy is to cut snakebite-related deaths and disabilities in half by 2030. An important part of the strategy is to significantly boost production of quality anti-venoms. The strategy also called for integrating snakebite treatment and response into national health plans in affected countries, including better training of health personnel and educating communities. Snake venom can cause paralysis that stops breathing, bleeding disorders that can lead to fatal haemorrhage, irreversible kidney failure and tissue damage that can cause permanent disability and limb loss. Most snakebite victims live in the world’s tropical and poorest regions, and children are worse affected due to their smaller body size. In a new report, the UN health agency urged the international community to take steps to address the problem, which it warned had long been dangerously under-estimated and neglected. 93. The NewSpace India Ltd. (NSIL) is the new commercial arm of which of the following organizations? [A] DRDO [B] VSSC [C] BARC [D] ISRO Correct Answer: D [ISRO] Notes: On May 23, the NewSpace India Ltd. (NSIL) has officially inaugurated in Bengaluru, Karnataka to scale up industry participation in Indian space programmes. It is the commercial arm of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). NSIL will act as an aggregator for all space related activities in industry and develop private entrepreneurship in space related technologies. Specifically, it will be responsible for manufacturing the and production of Small Satellite Launch Vehicle (SSLV) and Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) through technology transfer mechanisms. It will also cater to emerging global commercial SSLV market demand, providing satellite building and satellite-based services, including supply of sub-systems for various domestic and international application needs and will enable space

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 113 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 technology spin-offs through Indian industry interface. 94. Which space agency has unveiled schedule for ‘Artemis’ 2024 Moon mission? [A] CNES [B] NASA [C] JAXA [D] Roscosmos Correct Answer: B [NASA ] Notes: NASA has recently unveiled the calendar for the “Artemis” program that will return astronauts to the Moon for the first time in half a century. It will also include 8 scheduled launches and a mini-station in lunar orbit by 2024. The original lunar missions were named for Apollo — Artemis was his twin sister in Greek mythology, and the goddess of hunting, wilderness and the Moon. The acronym ‘ARTEMIS’ stands for ‘Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of the Moon’s Interaction with the Sun’. NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine confirmed that Artemis 1 will be an uncrewed mission around the Moon planned for 2020. Next will come Artemis 2, which will orbit Earth’s satellite with a crew around 2022; followed finally by Artemis 3 that will put astronauts on lunar soil in 2024, including the first woman. All the three will be launched into space by the Boeing-led Space Launch System (SLS), the biggest rocket of all time. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | 95. Which of the following organizations has successfully flight tested Inertial Guided Bomb (IGB) from Sukhoi combat jet? [A] BARC [B] MARCOS [C] DRDO [D] VSSC Correct Answer: C [DRDO] Notes: On May 24, the Defence Research and Defence Organisation (DRDO) successfully flight tested a 500 kg class Inertial Guided Bomb (IGB) from Su-30 MKI Aircraft from the Pokhran test range in Rajasthan. The guided bomb achieved the desired range and hit the target with high precision. The weapon system is capable of carrying different warheads. The test firing of the guided bomb came two days after the Indian Air Force (IAF) successfully test fired the aerial version of the supersonic BrahMos cruise missile from a Sukhoi jet at the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The 2.5 tonne air-to-surface missile has a range of around 300 km, and it will significantly enhance the IAF’s combat capability. The BrahMos cruise missile travels at a speed of Mach 2.8, nearly three times that of sound. 96. Which Russian-made aircraft of Indian Air Force (IAF) has formally certified to operate on indigenous Bio-Jet fuel? [A] AN-31 [B] AN-33 [C] AN-32 [D] AN-35 Correct Answer: C [AN-32] Notes: The workhorse of the Indian Air Force (IAF), the Russian made AN-32 transport aircraft was formally fleet certified to fly on a blended bio-jet fuel partly derived from trees. The fuel will be 10% tree-derived and 90% conventional aviation fuel. The IAF has plans to widen the experiment over the next two years. The approval for use of bio-fuel to fly the Russian made fleet was given by the Centre for Military Airworthiness and Certification (CEMILAC). The indigenous bio-jet fuel was first produced by the CSIR- IIP lab at Dehradun in 2013, but could not be tested or certified for commercial use on aircraft due to lack of test facilities in the civil aviation sector. This is a huge step in promoting the ‘Make in India’ mission as this bio-fuel would be produced from Tree Borne Oils (TBOs) sourced from tribal areas. 97. On which date, the 2019 edition of World Turtle Day (WTD) is observed recently?

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 114 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [A] May 25 [B] May 24 [C] May 22 [D] May 23 Correct Answer: D [May 23] Notes: The World Turtle Day (WTD) is observed every year on May 23 across the world to bring attention to, and increase knowledge of and respect for, turtles and tortoises, and encourage human action to help them survive and thrive. This year, in 2019, the India Biodiversity Portal (IBP) initiated a ‘Turtle Spotting Week’ as part of a unique exercise to document the creatures across India. The initiative aims to gather information about India’s freshwater turtles and tortoises. Anyone who has an interest in Indian Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises can participate in the first edition of the Turtle Spotting Week 2019 (May 17 to May 23) and contribute by photographing, documenting and submitting observations of turtles and tortoises that they have observed around their neighbourhood, backyard water body or on wildlife trips. 98. Who has been sworn-in as the new President of Ukraine? [A] Volodymyr Zelensky

[B] Viktor Yushchenko Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [C] Petro Poroshenko [D] Leonid Kravchuk Correct Answer: A [Volodymyr Zelensky] Notes: In Ukraine, comedian and political newcomer Volodymyr Zelensky has been sworn-in as the new President of war-torn country. He starred in the long-running satirical drama ‘Servant of the People’ in which his character accidentally becomes Ukraine’s president. He plays a teacher who is elected after his expletive-laden rant about corruption goes viral on social media. He ran under a political party with the same name as his show. With no previous political experience, Mr Zelensky’s campaign focused on his difference from the other candidates rather than on any concrete policy ideas. Despite this, he stormed to victory and won 73% of the vote. 99. RBI has allowed modern currency chests to hike service charges from the existing rate of Rs 5 per packet of 100 pieces to ____? [A] Rs 8 [B] Rs 11 [C] Rs 7 [D] Rs 10 Correct Answer: A [Rs 8 ] Notes: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has allowed large modern currency chests to increase the service charges on cash deposited by non-chest bank branches from the existing rate of Rs. 5 per packet of 100 pieces to a higher rate subject to a maximum of Rs. 8 per packet. For this, only a Currency Chest (CC) that fulfils the minimum standards will be eligible to be classified as a large modern CC. The increased rates can be charged only after such classification by the issue office concerned. 100. India has banned terror outfit Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB) under which anti- terror law? [A] POTA [B] AFSPA [C] NSA [D] UAPA Correct Answer: D [UAPA] Notes:

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 115 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 Bangladesh-based terror outfit — the Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB) — was banned by the Government of India (GoI) under the anti-terror law UAPA. The terror out fit is also called as Jamaat-ul- Mujahideen India or Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Hindustan. The Union Home Ministry stated that the outfit has committed acts of terrorism, promoted acts of terrorism and has been engaged in radicalization and recruitment of youths for terrorist activities in India. Therefore, the JMB and all its manifestations have been inserted in the First Schedule to the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA) of 1967. The listing under the First Schedule of the UAPA means the outfit is now a banned organisation in India. 101. Which of the following teams has clinched the 2019 Sudirman Cup badminton tournament? [A] Germany [B] South Korea [C] Japan [D] China Correct Answer: D [China ] Notes: On May 26, China clinched the badminton world mixed-team championship at the 16th edition of the Sudirman Cup 2019 in the Chinese city of Nanning. They beat Japan in men’s doubles, women’s singles and men’s singles to clinch the title for an 11th time. In the latest Men’ singles match Shi Yuqi stunned world champion Kento Momota 15-21, 21-5,21-11. Japan has never lifted the mixed-team world championship since it began in 1989. Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | 102. Which Indian personality has been awarded the 2019 Dr. Lee Jong-wook Prize for public health? [A] Nikhil Kumar [B] Balram Bhargava [C] Asha Kishore [D] Amit Sharma Correct Answer: B [Balram Bhargava] Notes: Cardiologist Prof. Balram Bhargava has won the 2019 Dr Lee Jong-wook Memorial Prize for Public Health at the 72nd World Health Assembly in Geneva. He bagged the award for his achievements as a clinician, innovator, researcher and trainer. Prof. Bhargava is the Director-General of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). His passion to know how things work, and to make them work, has resulted in a long list of innovative medical devices – affordable, created and applied in India. In cooperation with the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) and a devoted follower group of more than 100 young innovators, his work on developing low-cost devices is already saving thousands of lives. 103. The delegation of which union ministry represented India at the 2019 SCO Mass Media Forum at Bishkek? [A] Ministry of External Affairs [B] Ministry of Information and Broadcasting [C] Ministry of Human Resource Development [D] Ministry of Finance Correct Answer: B [Ministry of Information and Broadcasting] Notes: The 2nd edition of Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Mass Media Forum was held at Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan from 23-26 May, 2019. A delegation from I&B Ministry represented India at the Forum. The Forum was inaugurated by the President of Kyrgyz Republic Mr. S. Jeenbeko. The President in his inaugural address highlighted the importance of Mass Media organizations of SCO countries in accomplishing the SCO objectives of mutual trust, friendly relations with neighbors and regional security in line with the “Shanghai Spirit”. The Forum aims to strengthen the exchange and cooperation in the field of mass media amongst SCO countries. It offers a unique platform for active work through mass media to create an objective vision of the organization and strengthen its positive image in the global information space.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 116 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 104. Which Indian personality has received the UNSDG 10 Most Influential People in Healthcare Award? [A] Prakash Javadekar [B] Harsh Vardhan [C] Baba Ramdev [D] Acharya Balkrishna Correct Answer: D [Acharya Balkrishna] Notes: Acharya Balkrishna, the Managing Director of Patanjali Ayurved Ltd., has received the ‘UNSDG 10 Most Influential People in Healthcare Award’ on behalf of Patanjali Group of Institutions in Geneva, Switzerland. Balkrishna was among keynote speakers of the UNSDG (United Nations Sustainable Development Goals) organisation. The others are Randy Oostra, UNICEF executive director Henrietta H Fore, WHO director-general Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus and Abe Lee. Patanjali Ayurved produces a range of Ayurvedic medicinal and personal care products, among other consumer items. The company was co-founded by Baba Ramdev and Balkshrina. 105. On which date, the 2019 edition of World Thyroid Day (WTD) is observed? [A] May 27 [B] May 25 Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [C] May 26 [D] May 24 Correct Answer: B [May 25] Notes: The World Thyroid Day (WTD) is observed every year on May 25 to promote awareness and understanding of thyroid health and the advances made in treating thyroid diseases. The thyroid gland is an important part of the body and is extremely important as it regulates metabolism, affects energy levels, crucial body functions, and heart rate. Abnormalities in the thyroid gland can lead to excess production of the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism), less production of the thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), thyroid nodules (lumps in the thyroid gland), goitre (enlargement of the thyroid gland), thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid gland) and thyroid cancer. 106. Which of the following countries have started the first-of-its-kind naval drill exercise ‘Pacific Vanguard’? [A] Japan, South Korea & Australia [B] Russia, China & Turkey [C] India, Australia & United States [D] United States, New Zealand & Canada Correct Answer: A [Japan, South Korea & Australia ] Notes: The first-of-its-kind naval drill exercise ‘Pacific Vanguard’has been kick started by the United States, Japan, South Korea and Australia near Guam, United States. The “Pacific Vanguard” drill brings together more than 3,000 sailors from the four countries to sharpen skills and strengthen practical cooperation at sea. The drills will focus on live fire exercises, defensive counter-air operations, anti-submarine warfare, and replenishment at sea. The Royal Australian Navy contributed two frigates to the exercise – HMAS Melbourne and HMAS Parramatta. The Japanese Maritime Self-Defense Force sent destroyers – JS Ariake and JS Asahi, and South Korea the Republic of Korea Navy destroyer ROKS Wang Geon. The USS Blue Ridge, the Seventh Fleet’s flagship, will lead the operation from the U.S. side. Guam is home to more than 160,000 people, and was at the centre of nuclear tensions between Washington and Pyongyang in 2017, with North Korea threatening to hit the US territory with “enveloping fire”. 107. Who won the 2019 Dylan Thomas prize? [A] Zoe Gilbert [B] Novuyo Rosa Tshuma [C] Guy Gunaratne

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 117 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [D] Sarah Perry Correct Answer: C [Guy Gunaratne] Notes: The British-Sri Lankan human rights documentary maker- turned debut novelist, Guy Gunaratne has won the 2019 £30,000 Swansea University International Dylan Thomas prize for his debut novel ‘In Our Mad and Furious City’. It is the fictional account of 48 hours in a North London housing estate after the murder of a British soldier. Gunaratne is a human rights documentary maker-turned-debut novelist. The £30,000 Prize is awarded to the best published literary work in the English language, written by an author aged 39 or under. 108. Which of the following films has been choreographed by Veeru Devgan, who passed away recently? [A] Muqaddar Ka Sikandar [B] Don [C] Mr. India [D] All of the above Correct Answer: C [Mr. India]

Notes: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Veeru Devgan (85), veteran action choreographer and father of Ajay Devgan, has passed away in Mumbai, Maharashtra on May 27, 2019. He choreographed action scenes in more than 80 films such as Hindustan Ki Kasam, Mr. India and Mr. Natwarlal (1993). He also acted in films like Kranti, Saurabh and Singhasan. Recently, he stopped going to film parties, but he was seen at the screening of ‘Total Dhamaal’. 109. Who has been sworn-in as the new chief minister of Sikkim? [A] Arun Uperti [B] Kunga Nima Lepcha [C] Prem Singh Tamang [D] Sonam Lama Correct Answer: C [Prem Singh Tamang] Notes: Prem Singh Tamang, the president of Sikkim Krantikari Morcha (SKM) and popularly known as P S Golay, has been sworn-in as the new chief minister of Sikkim. Governor Ganga Prasad administered the oath of office to Mr. Golay in a grand ceremony at the Palzor stadium in Gangtok. Mr. Golay is not a member of the state assembly at present as he did not contest the polls. The SKM won 17 of the 32 legislative Assembly seats in the State in the recently held Assembly polls. The Sikkim Democratic Front (SDF), which had ruled the State for 25 years, won 15. Mr. Golay succeeded Pawan Chamling of the SDF who has the record of longest-serving Chief Minister of the country, ruling the State for five consecutive terms for a little over 24 years. 110. Mahesh Mangaonkar is associated to which sports? [A] Tennis [B] Badminton [C] Squash [D] Chess Correct Answer: C [Squash] Notes: In squash, Mahesh Mangaonkar from India has clinched the Sekisui Open title for the second time in his career in Kriens, Switzerland on May 25, 2019. In the final, Top-seeded Mahesh beat third seed Bernat Jaume of Spain in four games 11-9, 3-11, 11-5, 11-5. He had won the corresponding title for the first time in 2016. Sekisui Open is a Challenger tour event of the Professional Squash Association (PSA), the world body which governs the sports . 111. Which site of Madhya Pradesh has been included in the tentative list of UNESCO World heritage sites?

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 118 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [A] Maheswar [B] Orchha [C] Ujjain [D] Khandwa Correct Answer: B [Orchha ] Notes: The architectural heritage of Orchha town in Madhya Pradesh has been included in UNESCO’s tentative list of world heritage sites following a proposal sent by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) to the U.N. body. According to the rules, to be a part of UNESCO’s World Heritage sites, the heritage or any historical site first has to be on the tentative list. After it makes to the tentative list, another proposal is sent to the UNESCO. Orchha town is situated on the banks of the Betwa river in Niwari district of MP’s Bundelkhand region. The town was built by King Rudra Pratap Singh of Bundela dynasty in the 16th century. The ancient town is famous for its Chaturbhuj Temple, Orchha fort complex, Raja Mahal among others. The Bundela architecture has Mughal influence since the two dynasties were very close. The famous King of Bundela dynasty Veer Singh Dev was a close friend of Mughal emperor Jahangir and fought wars as Akbar’s aid. 112. Which country has launched the world’s largest nuclear-powered icebreaker ‘Ural’? [A] United States Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [B] France [C] Russia [D] Germany Correct Answer: C [Russia ] Notes: Russia has recently launched the third and final Project 22220 LK-60Ya-class nuclear-powered icebreaker – the Ural – at the Baltic Shipyard in St Petersburg to open up Arctic shipping routes.The ship is one of a trio that when completed will be the largest and most powerful icebreakers in the world. It is part of an ambitious programme to renew and expand its fleet of the vessels in order to improve its ability to tap the Arctic’s commercial potential. The Ural will eventually be handed over to Russia’s state- owned nuclear energy corporation Rosatom in 2022 after the two other icebreakers in the same series – Arktika (Arctic) and Sibir (Siberia) – enter service. The main task for the Project 22220 icebreakers will be to clear passages for ship traffic on the Northern Sea route, which runs along the Russian Arctic coast from the Kara Sea to the Bering Strait. As per estimated of U.S. Geological Survey, the Arctic holds oil and gas reserves equivalent to 412 billion barrels of oil, about 22% of the world’s undiscovered oil and gas. 113. Where is the headquarters of United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat)? [A] Nairobi [B] Paris [C] New York [D] Berlin Correct Answer: A [Nairobi] Notes: The first session of the UN-Habitat Assembly has started at the headquarters of UN-Habitat in Nairobi, Kenya on May 27, 2019. In it, India has been elected to the Executive Board of the UN-Habitat Assembly. The special theme for 2019 Assembly is ‘Innovation for a better quality of life in cities and communities’ with the sub theme of ‘Accelerated Implementation of the New Urban Agenda towards achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals’. The 5-day Assembly will be attended by four Heads of State, over 40 ministers and high-level representatives from 116 countries with over 3,000 delegates attending. During the first session, The Assembly is expected establish the Executive Board of UN-Habitat and elect its members, to review and approve the UN-Habitat Strategic Plan 2020-2025 and also review the Progress in implementation of New Urban Agenda, among other things. 114. Rahi Sarnobat, who booked 2020 Tokyo Olympic quota for India, is associated to which sports? [A] Shooting

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 119 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [B] Badminton [C] Sprint [D] Wrestling Correct Answer: A [Shooting] Notes: Rahi Sarnobat booked an Olympic quota place for India at World Cup rifle pistol stage in Munich, Germany by winning gold in women’s 25m pistol event. Asian Games champion Rahi clinched her career’s second World Cup Gold, which helped India win its sixth quota place in shooting for 2020 Tokyo Olympics. Now, India tops the Munich World Cup medals tally with three gold. China is at 2nd position with one gold, one silver and three bronze. 115. Kalpana Dash, who passed away recently, was the noted woman mountaineer of which state? [A] Uttarakhand [B] Odisha [C] Punjab [D] Himachal Pradesh Correct Answer: B [Odisha] Notes: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Kalpana Dash (50), the first woman mountaineer of Odisha, has passed away near Balcony area of world’s highest peak Mount Everest on May 23, 2019.She had first scaled Mt Everest in 2008. During her decade and half-old career, she had trekked many mountains conquering peaks in Europe, America and Australia, besides India. 116. Which Indian Army officer has been appointed the commander of UN Mission in South Sudan? [A] Raghu Viswas [B] Shailesh Tinaikar [C] Manjit Singh [D] Narendra Singh Rathore Correct Answer: B [Shailesh Tinaikar] Notes: The commandant of the Indian Army Infantry School, Lieutenant General Shailesh Tinaikar has been appointed as the new Force Commander of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS). He succeeded Lieutenant General Frank Kamanzi of Rwanda who completes his assignment on May 26. India is the fourth largest contributor of uniformed personnel to the UN peacekeeping missions, and currently contributes more than 6,400 military and police personnel to the UN peace operations in Abyei, Cyprus, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Haiti, Lebanon, the Middle East, South Sudan and the Western Sahara. India is the second highest troop contributing country to UNMISS with 2,337 Indian peacekeepers, second only to Rwanda with 2,750. In addition, India currently contributes 22 police personnel to UNMISS. 117. Which country to host an international conference against anti-Semitism in October 2020? [A] Sweden [B] India [C] China [D] Japan Correct Answer: A [Sweden ] Notes: In October 2020, Sweden will host an international conference against anti-Semitism in memory of the Holocaust. The conference, which is scheduled to be held in Malmo, will coincide with two significant dates: the 75th anniversary of the liberation of Europe from Nazi rule and the 20th anniversary of the Stockholm Declaration, the founding document of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA), which assists with the commemoration and study of the Holocaust around the world. Antisemitism is hostility to, prejudice, or discrimination against Jews.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 120 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 118. Who is the head of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) tribunal for adjudicating ban on LTTE? [A] I S Mehta [B] M K Sharma [C] Sangita Dhingra Sehgal [D] V Kameswar Rao Correct Answer: C [Sangita Dhingra Sehgal] Notes: The Union government has constituted the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Tribunal to adjudicate whether or not there is sufficient cause for declaring the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) as an unlawful association. The Tribunal is comprised of sitting Judge of Delhi High Court Justice Sangita Dhingra Sehgal. Earlier, the Home Ministry had issued a notification extending ban on LTTE in India for a further period of five years. LTTE was banned in India after the assassination of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1991. 119. Who won the 2019 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix? [A] Valtteri Bottas

[B] Sebastian Vettel Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [C] Max Verstappen [D] Lewis Hamilton Correct Answer: D [Lewis Hamilton] Notes: Lewis Hamilton, a British racing driver who races in Formula One for Mercedes-AMG Petronas Motorsport, has won the 2019 Monaco Grand Prix with a perfectly measured drive. 120. Which of the following redefined International System of Units has been introduced by CSIR- NPL? [A] Mole [B] Second [C] Metre [D] Candela Correct Answer: A [Mole ] Notes: On 2019 World Meterology Day, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and National Physical Laboratory (CSIR-NPL) has recently introduced redefined International System of Units for the country. The redefined systems are Kilogram (SI unit of weight), Kelvin (SI unit of temperature), Mole (SI unit of amount of substance), and Ampere (SI unit of current). The purpose of a system of units is to enable world-wide coherence of measurements. CSIR- NPL has also sent the new definitions to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MoHRD) for the engineering course syllabus and to National Council of Educational Research and Training for adoption in schools. It must be noted that the world’s scientific community adopted the resolution to redefine four of the 7 base units during the open session of the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) at BIPM in November 2018. Therefore, there is no change in the definition of three other SI units—second, metre and candela — which were defined based on natural constants. 121. Who has been sworn-in as new Prime Minister of Australia? [A] Malcolm Turnbull [B] Ken Wyatt [C] Peter Cosgrove [D] Scott Morrison Correct Answer: D [Scott Morrison] Notes: Scott Morrison has been sworn-in as new Prime Minister of Australia, after retaining the position in the

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 121 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 2019 general election. Along with Deputy Prime Minister Michael McCormack, Mr. Morrison was sworn in by Queen Elizabeth’s official representative , Governor-General Sir Peter Cosgrove, at a ceremony in the capital, Canberra. Mr. Morrison became Australia’s 30th Prime Minister through an internal party vote in August 2018 in which he replaced Malcolm Turnbull as chief of the ruling Liberal Party. The 46th Parliament of Australia is expected to open in the first week of July. 122. Which Indian writer has been has been announced as the 2019 winner of the $100,000 Nine Dots Prize? [A] K Joshi [B] Meera kumari [C] Annie Zaidi [D] Yawar Ahmad Correct Answer: C [Annie Zaidi] Notes: Mumbai-based freelance writer, Annie Zaidi has been announced as the 2019 winner of the $100,000 Nine Dots Prize for her essay ‘Bread, Cement, Cactus’ Her essay is the combination of memoir and reportage to explore concepts of home and belonging rooted in her experience of contemporary life in India, where migration – within the country, especially from villages to cities – is high. The prestigious

book prize is created to award innovativeAdarsh thinking Bansal | [email protected] that addresses | contemporary issues around the world. The winner of the Nine Dots Prize is supported to develop their response into a full-length book, which is published by Cambridge University Press (CUP), and given the opportunity to spend a term at the Centre for Research in the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities (CRASSH), Cambridge University. 123. On which date, the 2019 edition of International Everest Day (IED) is observed recently? [A] May 27 [B] May 29 [C] May 30 [D] May 28 Correct Answer: B [May 29 ] Notes: The International Everest Day (IED) is observed every year on May 29 to mark the first successful climb to the world’s highest peak Mount Everest. On this day in 1953, Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay Sherpa reached the zenith of the mountain and became the first humans to achieve the feat in memory of the first summit of Mt. The day is celebrated with memorial events, processions, and special events in Kathmandu and the Everest region. Nepal decided to observe the day as International Everest Day (IED) since 2008, when the legendary climber Hillary passed away. 124. What is the theme of the 2019 edition of International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers? [A] Protecting Civilians, Protecting Peace [B] Courage for Peace [C] Law, Order, Peace [D] Peacekeeping Is a Global Partnership Correct Answer: A [Protecting Civilians, Protecting Peace] Notes: The International Day of United Nations Peacekeepers is observed every year on May 29 to pay tribute to the invaluable contribution by the uniformed and civilian personnel and to honour more than 3,800 peacekeepers who have lost their lives while rendering peacekeeping services. The 2019 theme is “Protecting Civilians, Protecting Peace”. This is the date when in 1948 the first UN peacekeeping mission named the “United Nations Truce Supervision Organization (UNTSO), began operations in Palestine. Since then, more than one million men and women have served in 72 UN peacekeeping operations, directly impacting the lives of millions of people, protecting the world’s most vulnerable and saving countless lives. India is the 4th largest troop contributor to the UN peacekeeping missions. UN peacekeeping has helped countries move from war to peace. At present, India contributes about 6,400 peacekeepers to various missions across the world. 125. Gian Chand, the veteran Freedom Fighter has passed away. He was from which state?

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 122 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [A] Bihar [B] Uttar Pradesh [C] Himachal Pradesh [D] Punjab Correct Answer: C [Himachal Pradesh] Notes: Gian Chand (93), the veteran freedom fighter, has passed away at his native village in Mohalla Ramgarh of Chamba district, Himachal Pradesh on May 27, 2019. Born on 26th October 1926, Chand was a member of Azad Hind Fauj led by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose. 126. Which of the following AMCs has become the first Indian fund house to introduce WhatsApp transaction platform? [A] SBI Mutual Fund [B] Motilal Oswal AMC [C] Reliance Mutual Fund [D] Aditya Birla Sun Life Mutual Fund Correct Answer: B [Motilal Oswal AMC] Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Notes: Motilal Oswal Asset Management Company (AMC) has launched its WhatsApp transaction platform for new as well as existing investors. It is the first of its kind initiative by any fund house in India to do mutual fund transactions through the popular cross-platform messaging app. Investors can use WhatsApp to invest in any scheme from Motilal Oswal AMC. The investor through his/her registered number can initiate a transaction in Motilal Oswal MF schemes just by typing ‘Hi’. A customer can complete the entire process in less than two minutes and gets an instant transaction confirmation through the medium. The investor can make the investments either in a lump sum or through systematic investment plans (SIP).This feature is not a part of WhatsApp Pay and is different from using it as a payment channel. 127. Ivo Karlovic, who has become the Oldest Man to win a match at French Open, is from which country? [A] Croatia [B] Spain [C] France [D] Germany Correct Answer: A [Croatia ] Notes: Ivo Karlovic (40) of Croatia has become the oldest man to win a match at the French Open since 1973, after he defeated the 37-year-old Feliciano Lopez of Spain in a first-round duel of the 2019 French Open Tennis Tournament at Roland Garros. This was the oldest men’s match in combined age at Roland Garros during the Open Era, and the 7th-oldest match at a Grand Slam. Karlovic is also the oldest to win a Grand Slam match since 1978. The record for women is held by Elizabeth Ryan, who was 42 when she won the 1934 women’s doubles with Simone Mathieu. 128. Which state government has decided to set up India’s first ‘Blockchain District’? [A] Karnataka [B] Andhra Pradesh [C] Telangana [D] Jharkhand Correct Answer: C [Telangana ] Notes: The Telangana government has decided to set up the India’s first ‘Blockchain district’ in Hyderabad to create an ecosystem for all the start-ups and institutes working in the space. Though the Blockchain technology encompasses all domains, the district would focus on banking, financial services and

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 123 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 insurance; pharma and healthcare; logistics and supply chain; and the government sectors. The district would have a co-working space, an international liasioning office, a T-Hub-like incubator to mentor early-stage start-ups in the Blockchain space and a supporting R&D institute to promote innovation. 129. Which state government has launched Aroma Mission to boost medical plants? [A] Tripura [B] Nagaland [C] Mizoram [D] Meghalaya Correct Answer: D [Meghalaya] Notes: Conrad K Sangma, the Chief Minister of Meghalaya, has launched Rs 18-crore Aroma Mission at Byrwa in Ri-Bhoi district with an aim to strengthen the livelihood condition of farmers and create employment opportunities in the state. The move will boost the cultivation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs). As part of the mission, a Memorandum of Agreement was also signed between the Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP) and Meghalaya Basin Development Authority (MBDA) for a collaborative work on medicinal and aromatic plants. The CIMAP is a frontier plant research laboratory of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). The chief minister also called for preserving forest cover while announcing the government’s plan to plant one million trees on World Environment Day on June 5 in different parts of the stateAdarsh especially Bansal | [email protected] in catchment | areas. 130. Which of the following countries is / are member states of BIMSTEC? [A] Indonesia [B] Kyrgyzstan [C] Thailand [D] Mauritius Correct Answer: C [Thailand] Notes: India has invited the leaders of the BIMSTEC Member States for the swearing-in ceremony of Prime Minister Narendra Modi on May 30, 2019. Beside this, the invitations have also been sent to the President of Kyrgyzstan Sooronbay Jeenbekov who is the current Chair of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and Mauritius Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth, the Chief Guest at this 2019 Pravasi Bhartiya Divas (PBD). The invitations are in line with the Government’s focus on its ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy. The BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) member states are: Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Nepal and Bhutan including India. President Ram Nath Kovind will administer the Oath of Office and Secrecy to Mr Modi for the second term and other members of Union Council of Ministers at a function in Rashtrapati Bhavan. 131. Murray Gell-Mann, who passed away recently, won 1969 Nobel Prize in which category? [A] Medicine [B] Physics [C] Chemistry [D] Peace Correct Answer: B [Physics] Notes: Murray Gell-Mann (89), a Jewish American physicist who theorized the existence of the quark and won a Nobel Prize for his method of classifying particles, has passed away in New Mexico on May 24, 2019. He transformed physics by devising a method for sorting subatomic particles into simple groups of eight, based on electric charge, spin and other characteristics. He called his method the “eightfold way” after the Buddhist Eightfold Path to enlightenment. Later he developed the theory that identified “quarks,” indivisible components of Earth’s matter that make up protons, neutrons and other particles. 132. Who is the head of the RBI committee to review mortgage securitisation? [A] Harsh Vardhan [B] V G Kannan

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 124 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 [C] Anand Srinivasan [D] Sajjid Z Chinoy Correct Answer: A [Harsh Vardhan] Notes: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has constituted a 6-member committee to review the existing state of mortgage securitisation in India and suggest measures to deepen it. The committee on the development of housing finance securitisation market, headed by Bain & Co Senior Advisor Harsh Vardhan, will review the regulations relating to Mortgage-Backed Securitization (MBS) currently in place, and make specific recommendations on suitably aligning the same with international norms. It will recommend specific measures for facilitating secondary market trading in mortgage securitisation instruments, such as broadening the investor base, and strengthening the market infrastructure. 133. Which of the following countries has been removed from US currency watchlist? [A] Italy [B] South Korea [C] Switzerland [D] Japan Correct Answer: C [Switzerland ] Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Notes: The Trump administration has recently removed India and Switzerland from its currency monitoring list of major trading partners. Both the countries were removed from the list because for two consecutive reports they had both met only one of three criteria necessary for inclusion on the monitoring list. According to the report, India had a significant bilateral surplus & Switzerland had a material current account surplus. The watch list contains the names of countries that have potentially questionable foreign exchange policies and are suspected to be manipulating their currencies to gain trade advantages over the US. However, the list includes China, Japan, South Korea, Germany, Italy, Ireland, Singapore, Malaysia and Vietnam among others. 134. Who has been sworn-in as the new President of Nigeria? [A] Mohd Hussain [B] Yemi Osinbajo [C] Atiku Abubakar [D] Muhammadu Buhari Correct Answer: D [Muhammadu Buhari] Notes: President Muhammadu Buhari has been sworn-in for his second term as President of Nigeria in a ceremony at the Eagle Square in Abuja. He won 56% of the votes to defeat his main rival Atiku Abubakar of the Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) in the 2019 February election. Buhari will face a number of challenges during his second term as he tries to fulfil his election promises, including dealing with security threats and managing a sluggish economy and a high unemployment rate. 135. Who is the head of the RBI committee for secondary market in corporate loans? [A] Bahram Vakil [B] T N Manoharan [C] Abizer Diwan [D] Anand Srinivasan Correct Answer: B [T N Manoharan] Notes: The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has constituted a six-member task force, headed by Canara Bank chairman T.N. Manoharan, on the development of secondary market for corporate loans. The terms of reference of the task force would include review of the existing state of the market for loan sale or transfer in India as well as the international experience in loan trading. Further the task force will be required to make recommendations on required policy or regulatory interventions for facilitating development of secondary market in corporate loans, including loan transaction platform for stressed assets. The task force has been asked to submit its report by the end of August 2019. In India, banks sell

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 125 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 their stressed loans to the Asset Reconstruction Companies, but have practically no other alternatives. However, globally, there is a healthy corporate loan market where banks can offload their stressed assets and those get traded. 136. Carmine Caridi, who passed away recently, was the renowned actor of which country? [A] France [B] United Kingdom [C] United States [D] Germany Correct Answer: C [United States] Notes: Actor Carmine Caridi (85), who is best remembered for playing Carmine Rosato in “The Godfather: Part II,” has passed away in California, United States on May 28, 2019. Besides “The Godfather” series, he also starred in TV shows including Phyllis, Starsky and Hutch, Taxi, NYPD Blue as Detective Vince Gotelli and Fame as Angelo Martelli. Interestingly, in 2004, Caridi became the first person to be expelled from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) after sharing screeners. He was booted out for passing on screeners of movies vying for Oscar attention. He along with Russell Sprague were sued by Sony and Time Warner on civil charges of copyright infringement. Caridi was cleared of wrongdoing.

137. What is the India’s rank in the 2019 Adarshedition Bansal | [email protected] of the IMD |World Competitiveness Rankings? [A] 43rd [B] 41st [C] 44th [D] 42nd Correct Answer: A [43rd ] Notes: India has been ranked 43rd most competitive economy in the 2019 edition of the IMD World Competitiveness Rankings on the back of its robust economic growth, a large labour force and its huge market size. In the 2019 rankings, India has scored well on several economic parameters and tax policies but has lagged in terms of public finance, societal framework, education infrastructure, health and environment. Singapore has topped the index, followed by Hong Kong SAR and United States. The IMD World Competitiveness Rankings, established in 1989, incorporate 235 indicators from each of the 63 ranked economies to evaluate their ability to foster an environment where enterprises can achieve sustainable growth, generate jobs and increase welfare for its citizens. 138. Who has been bestowed with the lifetime recognition Award by the Confederation of Horticulture Association of India? [A] Harpreet Kaur [B] Mrinal Saxena [C] N Kumar [D] Vijay Sen Correct Answer: C [N Kumar] Notes: N Kumar, Vice-Chancellor of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), has been conferred the lifetime recognition award by the Confederation of Horticulture Association of India at the International Conference on Innovative horticulture at Pantnagar, Uttarakhand on May 28, 2019. The award has been conferred for his outstanding contribution in the field of horticulture and academic leadership focussed on human resource development in agriculture. 139. Who has been sworn-in as the new Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea? [A] James Marape [B] Sam Abal [C] Michael Somare [D] Peter O’Neill

Correct Answer: A [James Marape] Notes: On 30 May 2019, James Marape has been nominated, elected, and sworn-in as the 8th Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (PNG). He is a former finance minister and critic of a major global gas development deal. His appointment comes after the outgoing leader Peter O’Neill resigned recently. Papua New Guinea is a South Pacific nation of 7.3 million people. It has rich reserves of copper, gold, and oil, but development has been hampered by public order issues, rugged terrain and disputes over land. 140. The Union Environment Ministry has launched the theme song ‘Hawa Aane De’ to spread awareness about Air pollution. It is written by which of the following lyricists? [A] Prasoon Joshi [B] Kausar Munir [C] Swanand Kirkire [D] Vairamuthu Ramasamy Correct Answer: C [Swanand Kirkire] Notes: To celebrate 2019 World Environment Day (WED), the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEFCC) has recently launched the song ‘Hawa Aane De’ to spread awareness about Air pollution. The theme song is written byAdarsh Swanand Bansal | [email protected] Kirkire and | sung by Shantanu Mukherjee, Kapil Sharma, Sunidhi Chauhan and Shankar Mahadevan. The film has been directed by Romanchak Arora. Every year, Union Environment Ministry celebrates WED focusing on the theme declared by UNEP and organizes several events. This year, the theme of Environment Day is ‘Air Pollution’. Hence, the events will include launch of film competition on environment, release of several books and three thematic sessions on Air Pollution, Waste Management and Forests: the Green Lungs of cities. It is noteworthy that to combat air pollution, MoEFCC has recently launched the National Clean Air programme (NCAP) which is a mid-term 5 Year Action Plan with targets of 20-30% reduction of PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentration in 102 cities, out of which 84 cities have already submitted their action plan. The main objective of NCAP is to control and abate air pollution across the country. It is a multi sectoral and collaborative approach with mainstreaming and integration. 141. What is the focus theme of the 2019 edition of World No Tobacco Day (WNTD)? [A] Tobacco and lung health [B] Tobacco and heart disease [C] Tobacco – a threat to development [D] Stop Illicit Trade of Tobacco Products Correct Answer: A [Tobacco and lung health] Notes: The World No Tobacco Day (WNTD) is observed every year on May 31 to create awareness about the negative impacts of tobacco consumption on human health. The focus theme of 2019 edition of WNTD is on “tobacco and lung health”. The campaign will increase awareness on: the negative impact that tobacco has on people’s lung health, from cancer to chronic respiratory disease, the fundamental role lungs play for the health and well-being of all people. The campaign also serves as a call to action, advocating for effective policies to reduce tobacco consumption and engaging stakeholders across multiple sectors in the fight for tobacco control. On the occasion, the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of India organized a national consultation on tobacco and lung health in New Delhi. The consultation, organized in collaboration with World Health Organization (WHO), was aimed at raising awareness about the negative impacts of any form of tobacco consumption on the health of lung and cancer causing micro-elements in it. Theme of the event was “Don’t Let Tobacco Take Your Breath Away – Choose Health Not Tobacco”. 142. The scientists at which US university have developed a new prosthetic foot to help tackle tough terrain? [A] Harvard University [B] Stanford University [C] Clemson University [D] University of California

Correct Answer: B [Stanford University] Notes: The scientists at the Stanford University in the US have developed a more stable prosthetic foot which they say could make challenging terrain more manageable for people who have lost a lower leg. The new design has a kind of tripod foot that responds to rough terrain by actively shifting pressure between three different contact points. Prosthetic emulators allow them to try lots of different designs without the overhead of new hardware. According to the study published in the journal IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, prosthetic limbs can better handle the rough ground. Outfitted with position sensors and motors, the foot could adjust its orientation to respond to varying terrain, much as someone with an intact foot could move their toes and flex their ankles to compensate while walking over rough ground. 143. Who has taken charge as the new Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS) ? [A] Kirath Singh [B] Karambir Singh [C] Bimal Verma [D] Siddharth Rajput Correct Answer: B [Karambir Singh]

Notes: Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | Admiral Karambir Singh has taken charge as the 24th Chief of the Naval Staff (CNS) from Adm. Sunil Lanba, who stepped down upon retirement. He is the first helicopter pilot of the Navy to become the CNS. Prior to this post, Adm. Singh was the Flag Officer Commanding-in-Chief (FOC-in-C) of the Eastern Naval Command, headquartered in Visakhapatnam. During his long and distinguished service spanning nearly 39 years, Adm. Singh has served in a variety of Command, Staff and Instructional appointments. The tenure of a Service Chief is three years or 62 years of age, whichever is earlier. 144. Which state police has decided to use laser guns to crack down on over-speeding? [A] Punjab [B] Kerala [C] Gujarat [D] Tamil Nadu Correct Answer: C [Gujarat ] Notes: The Gujarat government has decided to equip the traffic police with ‘laser guns’ for detection of over- speeding by vehicles. The state traffic police has purchased 39 such high-tech guns at a cost of Rs.3.9 crore. The gun uses laser technology to detect the speed of a vehicle. It can record speed of three vehicles simultaneously in a second, even if the vehicles are a km away. The speed gun is an online device which can send an e-memo to the owner with a photo of the vehicle. If required, the speed gun can also generate and print the challan offline on the spot. It is also capable of recording videos of the over- speeding vehicles which will serve as a proof if the vehicle owner confronts the police. 145. Which IIT has launched Integrated Database on Infrastructure Projects (IDIP)? [A] IIT-Delhi [B] IIT-Indore [C] IIT-Bombay [D] IIT-Madras Correct Answer: D [IIT-Madras] Notes: The IIT-Madras has recently launched an Integrated Database on Infrastructure Projects (IDIP) at the 15th World Conference on Transport Research conference held at IIT Bombay. The purpose of the data platform is to enhance the efficiency of infrastructure development and enable effective decision- making among different stakeholders involved in the sector. The initial focus of IDIP will be on the road sector, which has received the highest private investment among all infrastructure sectors. The PPP programme in the road sector in India is the largest in the world. The platform includes data coverage across the project life cycle comprising development, construction and operation phases. In addition to roads, other sectors such as railways, ports, and airports would also be included in the platform shortly.

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 128 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 146. Which airport of Madhya Pradesh has been declared as International Airport? [A] Raja Bhoj Airport [B] Rajmata Vijaya Raje Scindia Air Terminal [C] Dumna Airport [D] Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Airpor Correct Answer: D [Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Airpor] Notes: In Madhya Pradesh, Devi Ahilya Bai Holkar Airport of Indore has been declared as International Airport. It was given the International status as per sub-rule (b) of rule 3 of the Passport (Entry into India) Rules, 1950 by the Central Government. The airport, named after Maharani Ahilya Bai Holkar of Indore, is considered the busiest airport in the region. The Indore airport facilitates round the clock operations and was given its World Standardization Certificate by the UK. An international airport has customs and border control facilities enabling passengers to travel between countries. Such airports are usually larger than domestic airports and often feature longer runways. 147. Which IIT has recently tied up with ISRO to set up space technology? [A] IIT- Guwahati [B] IIT- Bombay [C] IIT- Kharagpur Adarsh Bansal | [email protected] | [D] IIT- Madras Correct Answer: A [IIT- Guwahati] Notes: The IIT- Guwahati has signed a MoU with the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to set up a Space Technology Cell (STC) within the premise of IIT Guwahati. The new IITG-ISRO STC would be first- of-its-kind in the North-east region to augment research and capacity building processes in the field of space-technology. Through the STC, IIT Guwahati aspire to partner with ISRO for performing cutting edge research not only catering to the socio-economic needs of the Northeast but also to contribute towards the basic research activities of various ISRO projects across India. With STC, the Institute of IIT Guwahati and ISRO can work together to solve space science related problems in the modern world. 148. Kudakrumia rangnekari, which is in news recently, is associated to which kind of species? [A] Ape [B] Snake [C] Wasp [D] None of the above Correct Answer: C [Wasp ] Notes: Indians Scientists has recently identified a new species of primate wasp from the genus Kudakrumia in Goa. The new species was collected in the forests of Western Ghats. The wasp, which is dubbed as Kudakrumia rangnekari, was named after Goa-based researcher Parag Rangnekar. Rangnekar is the author of a book “Butterflies of Goa”, which is perhaps a first field guide with photographs of the species found in this region. His quest to document the butterflies of this unique region resulted in a record of 220 species, of which 13 species had not been described before. He is the founder-president of the Goa Bird Conservation Network. The holotype is from Kotigao Wildlife Sanctuary of Goa of northern Western Ghats and the paratype is from Ranipuram hill of Kerala of southern Western Ghats. A wasp is any insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita that is neither a bee nor an ant. 149. Which of the following is/are the species of orangutans? [A] Bornean [B] Sumatran [C] Tapanuli [D] All of the above Correct Answer: D [All of the above] Notes:

© 2019 GKToday | All Rights Reserved | https://www.gktoday.in 129 Current Affairs [PDF] - May-16-31, 2019 India’s only orangutan, ‘Binny’, has passed away at the age of 41 at Nandankanan Zoological Park in Odisha. The great ape was brought to the Odisha zoo in November 2003 from Pune’s Rajiv Gandhi Zoological Park on November 20, 2003, when she was 25. Orangutans are one of the world’s three extant species of great apes. According to the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), there are three species of orangutans — Bornean, Sumatran and Tapanuli. Bornean and Sumatran orangutans differ a little in appearance and behaviour. All three kinds of orangutans are listed as “Critically Endangered” by the United Nations-affiliated International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). They are native to Indonesia and Malaysia and at present are found only in the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra. The WWF states that orangutans, with distinctive red fur, are the largest arboreal mammal, spending most of their time in trees.They are considered to be among the most intelligent primates. They can live up to 45 years in the wild and even more in zoos. 150. ISRO has signed pact with which Indian armed force for astronaut training? [A] Indian Air Force [B] Indian Army [C] Indian Navy [D] Indian Coast Guard Correct Answer: A [Indian Air Force] Notes: The Indian Air Force (IAF) and the IndianAdarsh Space Bansal | [email protected] Research Organisation | (ISRO) have recently signed a MoU for getting Indian astronauts trained for ISRO’s Gaganyaan mission. The development formally involves IAF’s Bengaluru-based medical arm, the Institute of Aerospace Medicine (IAM), in the programme as the nodal centre to train the first set of Indian astronauts. The Rs 10,000-crore Gaganyaan is planned for 2022, the 75th year of Indian independence. Gaganyaan (“Sky Craft”) is an Indian crewed orbital spacecraft intended to be the basis of the Indian Human Spaceflight Programme.