D.RE.S.S.! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! ! !

! DISASTER RESILIENCE SCIENTIFIC ! SOLUTIONS INSTITUTE ! ! A review of Sphere rollout in Zimbabwe1

1.0 Introduction

This report presents an overview of key milestones and achievements that have been realized in in an effort to raise awareness on the Sphere Project standards and principles as well as other recognised humanitarian accountability tools. The report therefore provides the background of the review, its rationale, methodology, key findings, conclusions and recommendations.

2.0 Background

In 2010, an inter-agency Sphere conference was organized in Zimbabwe by Trócaire (an Irish International Organization) with the overall aim of the conference being to raise and enhance humanitarian community’s awareness on the Sphere Project and other accountability tools including Livestock in Emergency Guidelines and Standards (LEGS), Good Enough Guide (GEG), Humanitarian Accountability Partnership (HAP) standard. Participants to this conference were drawn from the government of Zimbabwe which was represented at the Permanent Secretary level, the United Nations, International, National and local Non -Governmental Organizations. The main resolution of the Sphere Project conference was to roll-out Sphere Project trainings and awareness education throughout Zimbabwe. The roll-out had to be preceded by a launch of the third edition (2011) and a Training of Trainers (ToT) in 2011 followed by a Refresher Training of Trainers in the first quarter of 2012. These trainings were conducted, and subsequently a core group of national level trainers was established to roll-out Sphere trainings and awareness raising in the trainers’ respective agencies and constituencies. This core group is made up of 35 individuals from a total of 18 agencies, of which three are from government departments, that is from the Department of Civil Protection (a national authority in Disaster Management and Coordination), Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, and Ministry of Regional Integration and International Cooperation (the government ministry in charge of the coordination of humanitarian interventions in Zimbabwe)

Since the inter-agency Sphere ToT held in November 2011 and the refresher ToT held in 2012, there have been notable Sphere activities and events organised and conducted by the ToT graduates, mainly within their respective agencies. These activities and events have taken different forms and have been of varying durations, ranging from hours to 3-day training events. Therefore the graduates have been and continue to advocate mainstreaming of Sphere standards and principles in their respective agency programming as well as in government ministries.

3.0 Rationale

A year on from the inter-agency Sphere ToT and the Refresher ToT, Trócaire commissioned a review of the project and an interface with graduates engaged in rolling out sphere and other accountability tools. The review was conducted through field missions to local, international NGO’s and government departments by an independent consultant and a Trócaire Intern2 and this culminated in a half-day review workshop held on 11 December 2012 in .

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! 1.##Trócaire#acknowledges#invariable#support#received#from#the#following:##CRS,#Caritas#Zimbabwe#and#WVI#(coE facilitators#for#the#ToT#and#refresher#training);#UNICEF,#and#CRS#(#additional#financial#support#for#the#ToT#and# refresher);#John#West#and#Mbiri#Shiripinda#(lead#facilitator#for#the#ToT#and#refresher#course#respectively)#and## Alice#Ncube#(coEfacilitator#at#the#refresher)#

2#Pios#Ncube#(independent#consultant#from#D.RE.S.S)#and#Kudzanayi#Moyo#(an#Intern#at#Trócaire)!

1" ! ! The overall objectives of the review were:

• To obtain an update on Sphere awareness raising and training activities organized and conducted by ToT and refresher ToT graduates over a period of about a year. • To!establish!the!outcome!of!the!trainings!and!rollout!events!to!date!! • Share lessons learnt, opportunities, challenges, and document best practices • Use the review findings to brainstorm the way forward on the Sphere Project and other accountability tools in Zimbabwe with the core group.

4.0 Methodology

The review was conducted through utilization of three complementary approaches:

• A review of secondary information which was in the form of Sphere training or activities reports submitted by respective ToT graduates • Field missions to sampled organizations and government departments. The field missions were carried out in Harare, Manicaland, Midlands and Provinces by the assigned independent consultant and Trócaire Intern. • A half-day workshop that brought together all the Sphere ToT and Refresher ToT graduates who actively rolled out sphere (the core group).

The three approaches were for the purpose of triangulation and consolidation of the lessons learnt, opportunities, challenges, as well as enablers in advancing the Sphere agenda in Zimbabwe. The field missions targeted one International Non Government Organization (Plan International - Zimbabwe), one National Non Governmental Organization and the main partner agency for Trócaire (Caritas Zimbabwe), one local Non Governmental organisation (Christian Care) and a government local authority (Kadoma City)

5.0 Key findings

From partner reports, field missions and discussions at the workshop, it is evident that significant work has been done and continues to be done in advancing the Sphere agenda in Zimbabwe. This effort is no doubt remaining at agency level, and is evident of consented efforts in the application of Sphere Standards and principles in programming.

The findings from the interagency rollout are categorized into three sections, as follows:

i. Trócaire partners

Trócaire has been at the centre of supporting and promoting the Sphere agenda in Zimbabwe, as alluded to in the previous sections. The support efforts have been in the form of training materials (including Sphere manuals), finance and technical expertise. The main humanitarian partner of Trócaire, Caritas Zimbabwe network (which includes its national office and the dioceses in all the nine ) has been the main beneficiary of Trocaire’s support package which has been reciprocated by conducting numerous Sphere activities around the country in all provinces. During the review, Caritas Zimbabwe pointed out that they went out beyond their dioceses to reach the Minister of Labour and Social Welfare in an effort to raise awareness on Sphere Standards and principles in Zimbabwe as policy makers are critical in the effectiveness of the rollout.

Caritas Zimbabwe has eight dioceses covering all the provinces of Zimbabwe and in each of these dioceses, they have appointed a Sphere focal person whose responsibility is, inter-alia, to ensure that Sphere standards and principles are mainstreamed in programming and also to ensure that programme monitoring and evaluation tools also conform and are in line with Sphere standards and principles. At policy and strategic level of Caritas Zimbabwe, some of the board members, such as Head Bishops have also been trained on Sphere Standards and Principles.

ii. Other NGOs and INGOs

At agency level, both NGOs and INGOs continue with Sphere agenda in their respective organizations, ensuring mainstreaming of standards and principles. ToT graduates have become focal points, though there is still a gap in the institutionalization of sphere in most of these organizations.

2" ! ! Advocacy for institutionalization of Sphere in agencies has to target senior agency management levels for political buy-in and support. Evidence of Sphere in practice was observed in district, where a primary school had blocks and construction plans for latrines, built or planned according to Sphere standards, and in conformity to boy/girl squat-hole ratio.

iii. Government

As previously noted, the government of Zimbabwe is involved in the Sphere agenda in Zimbabwe. Kadoma city (a local government authority) has been able to conduct Sphere roll-out activities in the . From the field visits and feedback at the Core group workshop, it was evident that Kadoma local authority has incorporated Sphere standards and guidelines in service delivery programmes, such as water supplies, sewage, public health, housing and community services, and public safety. Since the ToT, the authority has facilitated the training of 40 individuals from key departments such as, the city council, Ministry of Health and Child Welfare, Zimbabwe Prison Services, Zimbabwe Republic Police, to name but a few. Sphere in practice is evident at the Kadoma prison which has a capacity of 560 inmates. Through the use of Sphere as an advocacy tool, Kadoma prison has had four water tanks installed; hygiene and sanitation items are regularly provided to inmates, and about 15 prison sanitation workers have been trained.

iv. United Nations agencies

The United Nations and Humanitarian community in general is in full support of the Sphere agenda and Sphere activities in Zimbabwe. This has been demonstrated through the involvement right from the launch to the review processes going forward. UNICEF in particular has also financially supported this effort and UN-OCHA continues to advocate the use of Sphere standards and humanitarian response and coordination.

5.0 Conclusions

The tabulated analysis on Table 1: is informed by milestones set during the ToT and Refresher courses, Core group feedback review workshop and field visits.

Table 1: Sphere milestones and achievements

Milestone Status of achievement Comment

Application of Sphere as a Partially achieved Efforts are ongoing at agency primary tool in programming level, though more coordinated evidence of Sphere in practice is still limited.

Creation of awareness on Partially achieved Ongoing, humanitarian humanitarian accountability community somehow aware of tools Sphere, LEGS, HAP, GEG

Strategy for the implementation Achieved Post ToT and refresher rollout of Sphere roll-out in Zimbabwe targets achieved but more could be done towards institutionalization of sphere.

6.0 Way forward

• There is need for the development of a joint Sphere/Accountability implementation strategy/plan for Zimbabwe. This will enhance the impact of role out activities and also ensure systematic and predictable information sharing and dissemination among and between Sphere users and trainers. There is also need to develop a joint proposal for funding for the promotion and roll out of Sphere and other accountability tools in Zimbabwe. • Sphere/Accountability awareness raising activities need to deliberately target policy makers and senior managers in government, church, civil society and the private sector • Institutionalization of Sphere by government, Civil society and the private sector need further dialogue and operationalisation • The Department of Civil Protection (National Disaster Management Authority) is fully involved in Sphere agenda, but still needs to define how Sphere standards and principles link with 3" ! ! national Disaster Management policy, legislation and strategy. It is therefore recommended that the Sphere Core Group system further engages the Department of Civil Protection on Disaster Risk Management Policy and Sphere interface.

4" ! ! D.RE.S.S.! ! ! ! ! DISASTER RESILIENCE SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS INSTITUTE

Interagency Sphere Rollout Events Record - Post 2011 ToT and 2012 Refresher Course: Zimbabwe ! Name of Type of Sphere Activity Who Facilitated the Audience/Participants (by Any highlights and challenges faced in Agency/Government and Date conducted sphere event Agency/Department type) Sphere roll out efforts, solutions Department and proposed and Long term plan Location BRC Trust /Christian Interagency Pearson Marasha ToT Department of Social Welfare (1) There is need to finalise a complete set of Care, Harare, Humanitarian Graduate , Zimbabwe session plans for Sphere 2011 to make Min. of SMECD (1) Zimbabwe Programme staff training training close to standard regardless of on sphere (2012) Alice Ncube - Consultant Christian Care (1) which trainer has delivered the training.

Johanniter International (4) For Zimbabwe, financing Sphere training Care International (2) on a cost-recovery basis is still a challenge, so there might be need for more donor THAMASO (1) support for roll-out activities. Africare (1) Participants also noted the need for a coordinated community of practitioners in humanitarian response, some kind of forum to share experiences.

Caritas!,! Administration feed back Nhamo Hondoyomoto Administration staff No challenges were faced as this was just a Mutare! Wonder Mufunda ToT feed back. ! (12March 2012) Graduate- Malawi

! ! ! ! The training was held at Caritas offices and Caritas!Mutare,! Caritas Mutare Staff Nhamo Hondoyomoto 15 Caritas Mutare Administration and it posed the challenges of disturbances of ToT Graduate Malawi field Staff Mutare! Members Training staff moving in and out. Wonder Mufunda ToT Graduate Malawi (15-17August 2012) ! ! ! ! Caritas!Harare,! Introduction!of!!Sphere! Norah!Samupunga! 23!staff!members!(in!house)! Key!Sphere!messages!have!been!shared!at! Harare! Sphere!2011!edition!and!! ToT!Graduate! ! stakeholder!platforms!! ! video!

Christian Care/ Merlin Sphere Training Workshop Nhlanhla Mlilo and Zimbabwe National Army (1) Limited time for group works as participants Bulawayo Tobias Ndlovu -ToT were not staying at the same venue. (23 – 25 April 2012) Graduates Zimbabwe DDF (1)

MoH&CW (3)

DPP (1)

Public Works (1)

Local Government (2)

Irrigation Dept (1)

MoESAC (1)

! ! ! ! Environmental Management Agency (1)

Social Services (1)

Gwanda RDC (1)

ZINWA (1)

Merlin (3)

Municipality of MoG

Moriti oa Sechaba Trust (1)

Christian Care, Staff Induction Workshop Nhlanhla Mlilo, In house (21) Lack of sphere handbooks for distribution to Bulawayo Tobias Ndlovu - ToT participants for future reference to. (5 – 6 September 2012) Graduates, Zimbabwe We had to print portions of the handbook for Duduzile Sikosana - distribution to trainees Non ToT but Sphere trained Future plans:

-Binga DDR training workshop (November 2012)

-Training of Disaster Risk Reduction task teams (proposed for April 2013).

Results from Trainings:

-Sphere principles factored into 5 proposals produced to date (water and sanitation, food security and protection programme).

-Mainstreaming of Sphere principles in everyday programming and reporting on achievement and challenges. ! ! ! ! CaritasMasvingo!Staff!Members!! The!session!rode!on!a!Humanitarian! Masvingo!! 2011!Edition!(6<7June! Edward!Makoni!< ! Reform!Workshop!organised!by!Action! ! 2012)! TOT!Graduate! ! Aid!which!had!a!Sphere!session.!! ! ! Zimbabwe! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Caritas!Masvingo,! Partner!organisations! Edward!Makoni

Catholic Relief Training workshop: PRIZE Yvonne Makunde ToT 9 Group Members Applying to all workshops done. Services, Harare Humanitarian Graduate Zimbabwe Challenges: Accountability Working - Lack of funds dedicated to SPHERE roll out Group (April/ May) activities. -The workshops were done across 5 agencies, hence it was difficult to plan for logistics, CRS/Community Introduction to SPHERE Yvonne Makunde, 6 District personnel -Limited time for staff to be properly trained, Technology (April/May) Marcyline as they were busy rolling out new projects at Development Trust: Chirochierwa the time the workshops were done, hence Mudzi District their focus was divided. This resulted in the workshops being conducted for 1 day, instead of the recommended 3 days. -There was a lot of movement of staff in and CRS/ Community Introduction to SPHERE Yvonne Makunde, 7 District Personnel out of the program at the time of conducting Technology (April/May) Marcyline the workshops, which made it difficult in Development Trust. Chirochierwa ensuring that all staff had received the necessary training, since the training was done during inception of new programs, and staff were not readily available. -Absence of copies for all staff to have personal copies for constant use when going to the field. ! ! ! ! Catholic Relief Introduction to SPHERE Yvonne Makunde 17 Staff Members -Due to minimum time given in which to Services (April/May) conduct the workshops, the workshops were designed with a 1 size fits all approach, which meant mixing staff with different portfolios in 1 session, and trying to produce Catholic Relief Introduction to Sphere Yvonne Makunde, 17 Field Staff something that would benefit all of them at Services, Matobo (8May 2012) Qonda Moyo, Bridget the same time. District Mtetwa Solutions Proposed: -It was decided that while we were at a critical stage of implementing our programs, it was crucial that staff receive training on SPHERE so that they are more equipped to Catholic Relief Introduction to Sphere Yvonne Makunde, 21 Field Staff provide quality service to communities, Services, Mangwe ( 9 May 2012) Qonda Moyo, Bridget hence the workshops were conducted in the District. Mtetwa course of 1 day per district. -It was decided that for those staff whose technical portfolios could benefit more from Companion standards to SPHERE, that they receive training for those resources, that is for Livestock teams and Value chains and Catholic Relief Introduction to Sphere (10 Yvonne Makunde, 24 District Field Staff Marketing teams. The Livestock working Services, Bulilima May 2012) Qonda Moyo, Bridget group received training on the LEGS District Mtetwa Guidelines, while the Marketing working group received copies of the Minimum standards in economic recovery, and we are still waiting to get a trainer for them. -Every PRIZE agency has decided to photocopy the SPHERE handbooks, so that they are readily available at each district office, for staff to use as and when needed.

Department of Civil Development of Draft DRM Meliqiniso Sibanda - District and Provincial Civil Protection Funding for roll out training Protection, Harare training modules one of ToT Graduate, Committees them incorporate awareness Zimbabwe of Sphere project/ contextualization of Sphere Guidelines ! ! ! ! Kariyangwe! Staff!and!board! Meck!Sibanda!TOT!< 3!Programme!Staff! Challenges! Mission!Hospital! introduction!to!Sphere!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Graduate!Zimbabwe! 9!Board!members! BINGA! (12!June!2012)! ! !!! Funding! for! conducting! ! full! Sphere! ! ! ! ! Trainings! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Kariyangwe! Development!!Field!Staff! Meck!Sibanda!TOT!< Matabeleland!Aids!Council!(2)! Funding! should! be! availed! to! cascade! Mission!Hospital! Introduction!to!SPHERE! Graduate!Zimbabwe! Ntengwe!for!Community! Sphere!Training!especially!in!rural!areas! BINGA! (2!November!!2012)!! Development(!2)! and!district!authorities.!! Dabane!Trust!(2)! Kariyangwe!Community!Based!Care(1)! !

MoHCW!Rapid! Introduction!to!Sphere! Tatenda!Gonye!ToT! MoHCW!staff!(9)! Challenges:* Response!Team! (!16!January!2012)! Graduate!! Local!GVT!(1)! Lack!of!Budget!to!conducted!separate! Makoni!Dstrict! ! ! ! Sphere!trainings!with!a!longer!duration.!The! ! ! ! ! Introduction!to!Sphere!presentation!had!to! MoHCW!Rapid! Introduction!to!Sphere! Tatenda!Gonye!! MoHCW!staff!(8)! be!slotted!into!Emeregncy!Preparedness!and! Response!Team!–! (19!January!2012)! ! Local!GVT!(1)! Response!Trainings!that!had!been!planned! Nyanga!District! ! ! ! for!at!Proposal!writing.!This!was!the! ! ! ! ! challenged!faced!in!!all!trainings!conducted.! ! ! ! ! ! MoHCW!Rapid! Introduction!to!Sphere! Tatenda!Gonye!! MoHCW!(6)! Solution:. Response!Team!–! (24!January!2012)! ! Local!GVT!(1)! Planning!for!Sphere!trainings!at!proposal! Mutasa!District! ! ! ! writing!so!that!budgets!for!trainings!are! ! ! ! ! factored!in.! ! ! ! ! ! Department!of!Civil! Introduction!to!Sphere!!(24! Tatenda!Gonye!! Civil!Protection!Unit!(21)! Results:. Protection!!Makoni! May!2012)! ! ! Sphere!Guidelines!were!used!in! District! ! ! ! implementing!an!ECHO!funded!Disaster!Risk! ! ! ! ! Reduction!Project!by!the!IRC!Health!Team! ! ! ! ! ! Department!of!Civil! Introduction!to!Sphere! Tatenda!Gonye!! Civil!Protection!Unit!(25)! IRCs!partners!–!Civil!Protection!Unit!and! Protection!! (2!May!2012)! Parker!Muzama! ! District!Rapid!response!Teams!following! Nyanga!District! ! MoHCW!TOT! ! Sphere!guidelines!in!implementing!IRCs! ! ! Graduate!Zimbabwe! ! Health!programs.! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Department!of!Civil! Introduction!to!Sphere!!(!8! Tatenda!Gonye! Civil!Protection!Unit!(18)! Protection,!Mutasa! May!2012)! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Ministry!of!Health!&! Introduction!to!Sphere!! Tatenda!Gonye! Nurses!and!Environmental!Health! Child!Welfare!–! (!May!2012)! ! Technicians! Makoni,!Mutasa!&! Nyanga!

Plan International Emergency Preparedness Clever Ruswa- ToT 70 Finance, Admin & ICT Network staff /, Zimbabwe Drill Graduate Zimbabwe (January 2012) Marko Lesukat ToT Graduate-Mexico Joze Mangui -ToT Graduate-Mexico

Plan Mutare/Mutasa Sphere Training Clever Ruswa- ToT 44 Program & Operations staff This training did not include all food staff as (26-28 March 2012) Graduate-Zimbabwe most were out in the field facilitating Gladys Muyambo – programs. ToT Graduate- Zimbabwe& Ethiopia

Plan International/ Sphere Training Clever Ruswa-ToT 25 Program & Operations staff (16-18 July 20120 Graduate-Zimbabwe Tendai Makaruse ToT Graduate-Zimbabwe

Plan International / Sphere Training Clever Ruswa ToT Bulawayo (20-22 Aug 2012) Graduate-Zimbabwe 23 Program & Operations staff Gladys Muyambo ToT Graduate Zimbabwe& Ethiopia

! ! ! !

Plan Country Office, Sphere Training Clever Ruswa ToT 22 Program & Operations staff Harare (27-29 Aug 2012) Graduate-Zimbabwe Tendai Makaruse - ToT Graduate- Zimbabwe Nkosilathi Mpala - ToT Graduate but Sphere Trained

Plan International Emergency Preparedness Marko Lesukat -ToT 160 Program Network staff including staff /Nyanga Drill Graduate-Mexico from, Plan South Sudan, Plan Rwanda (27 September 2012) Nkosilathi Mpala - non-ToT Graduate but Sphere Trained Clever Ruswa ToT Graduate-Zimbabwe

Plan Interntional Sphere Training Clever Ruswa ToT 68 Program & Operations staff /Chipinge (22-24October 2012) Graduate-Zimbabwe Tendai Makaruse ToT Graduate-Zimbabwe

Plan International/ Sphere Training Clever Ruswa ToT 44 Program Operations staff . Graduate-Zimbabwe (19-21 November 2012) Tendai Makaruse ToT Graduate-Zimbabwe Nkosilathi Mpala non- ToT Graduate but Sphere Trained ! ! ! ! Gladys Muyambo ToT Graduate- NB:Plan Zimbabwe hopes to have trained all Zimbabwe& Ethiopia its staff on Sphere by December 2012. Going forward Plan will want to focus on partners and also communities including children.

! ! Save!the!Children,! Report!Back!to!Senior! Angeline!Matereke!! All!Programme!Staff! Challenges: Fund constraints hinder training. Harare! Management!Team! ToT!!Graduate,! ! The TOT was held in November when the ! ! Zimbabwe!! ! 2012 country budgets had already been submitted and approved ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Save!the!Children,! Introduction!to!Sphere!! Angeline!Matereke! 20!Nyaminyami!staff! Nyaminyami!! During!raining!! ToT!Graduate!! ! ! (23!–!24!November!2012)! ! ! -Time was also an issue – getting a period ! ! ! ! when most of the staff will be in the office ! ! ! ! not on support and monitoring visits. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Save!the!Children,! Introduction!to!Sphere! Angeline!Matereke! 45people!including!some!stakeholders! Binga!! during!a!Training!!! (1<3!December!)! Zimbabwe Project Training Staff and Innocent Moyo-ToT 16 ZimPro Bulawayo and 9 Caritas Time Constraints particularly for officers Trust, Bulawayo Civil Protection Unit (CPU) Graduate, Zimbabwe Bulawayo staff who worked on the field

(March 2012) 30 Insiza Civil Protection Unit (ICPU) members (This included two traditional chiefs and the communal chair)